english list_500 verbs.pdf by jota vazquez

500 common business verbs by Andrew D. Miles Copyright by Andrew D. Miles, 2007

500 Business Verbs Copy right by And re w D. M il es, Ba rcel ona , 2007. All rights rese rved . No pa rt of this p ubl ica tion may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitte d, in any form without written authorization from the author. Cove r p hotograp h by And re w D. M iles

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amortize or amortise amortizar, depreciar

amount sumar abandon abandonar

analyse analizar

abate 1. suprimir 2. rebajar

announce anunciar

abrogate revocar, rescindir absorb absorber accelerate acelerar, adelantar accept aceptar

appeal apelar appoint designar, nombrar apportion asignar, repartir, prorratear appraise 1. tasar, valorar, valuar 2. evaluar 3. peritar

accrue 1. acumular 2. devengar, periodificar

appreciate apreciar, valorizar

accumulate acumular acquire adquirir

arrange compaginar, organizar, ordenar

add 1. sumar 2. agregar

assign asignar, adjudicar, traspasar

adjourn retrasar, aplazar

attach 1. adjuntar, anexar 2. embargar, incautar, decomisar

adjust 1. ajustar 2. liquidar administer administrar, gestionar, dirigir

approve aprobar

attend asistir, atender attest certificar, atestar

administrate administrar, gestionar, dirigir

authenticate autentificar, autenticar, refrendar

advertise anunciar, publicitar

authorize or authorise autorizar, habilitar, acreditar

advise 1. asesorar, aconsejar 2. avisar affiliate afiliar age clasificar segĂşn antigĂźedad, anticuar agree acordar, pactar, convenir aid ayudar, subvencionar

automate automatizar, sistematizar award 1. adjudicar 2. conceder, otorgar

allocate asignar, afectar, distribuir

back respaldar

allot asignar, dotar

back up 1. hacer copias de seguridad 2. respaldar

allow 1. permitir 2. reservar 3. descontar alter alterar

balance balancear, cuadrar, saldar

amalgamate fusionar, amalgamar

bargain 1. regatear 2. pactar

barter permutar, canjear

catalogue or catalog catalogar

bear devengar, rendir, producir, redituar

centralize or centralise centralizar certify certificar

benefit beneficiar

change cambiar

bequeath legar

cheapen abaratar

berth atracar amarrar

claim reclamar, demandar

bid ofrecer, pujar (en una licitaci贸n, concurso, subasta, etc.)

classify clasificar

bill facturar

close cerrar, cesar, clausurar coadministrate coadministrar

block bloquear, congelar, inmovilizar board embarcar

code codificar codify codificar coin acu帽ar

bond caucionar book 1. reservar 2. asentar bottle embotellar

coinsure coasegurar collect cobrar, recaudar collocate colocar

boycott boicotear break even 1. llegar al punto de equilibrio 2. estar en una situaci贸n en que los gastos son iguales que los ingresos break up 1. separar, dividir 2. desguazar

comanage coadministrar, codirigir combine combinar, consolidar, mancomunar commercialize or commercialise comercializar

bribe sobornar

commission comisionar, dar en comisi贸n, encargar

budget presupuestar

communicate comunicar

buy comprar

compensate 1. compensar 2. indemnizar

compete competir complain quejarse, reclamar compound combinar

calculate calcular

compute computar, calcular

call llamar, convocar cancel cancelar, anular, rescindir cannibalize or cannibalise canibalizar capitalize or capitalise capitalizar

conceal ocultar condone condonar confiscate confiscar, decomisar, comisar, incautar

carry transportar

conform conformar, aprobar, autorizar

cast 1. fundir 2. colar, vaciar

consign consignar

consolidate consolidar, fusionar

defalcate desfalcar

consume consumir

defer diferir, aplazar

contract contratar

deflate deflactar deforest deforestar

contribute contribuir, aportar control controlar convey 1. transportar 2. transferir, traspasar

defraud defraudar, estafar delay retrasar, atrasar delegate delegar

coordinate coordinar

delete borrar

copy copiar

deliver remitir, enviar, expedir, despachar

corner monopolizar, acaparar cost costar, valer

demonetize or demonetise desmonetizar

counsel asesorar, aconsejar

demote degradar

count contar, arquear counterbid contraofertar

denationalize or denationalise desnacionalizar

counteroffer contraofertar

deplete agotar

credit abonar, acreditar, imputar, registrar en el haber

deregulate liberalizar, desregular

cumulate acumular

design dise単ar

customize or customise personalizar

devaluate devaluar

cut cortar, rebajar

devalue devaluar, desvalorizar

derive derivar

deviate desviar

digitalize or digitalise digitalizar digitize or digitise digitalizar

damage da単ar, averiar

dilute diluir

date 1. fechar, poner fecha, datar 2. citar

diminish disminuir, mermar, decrecer

deal traficar, tratar, comerciar

direct dirigir, administrar

decapitalize or decapitalise descapitalizar

disburse desembolsar

decentralize or desentralise descentralizar

dismiss despedir

decide decidir

display exhibir, mostrar dispossess desahuciar, desalojar

declare declarar decode descifrar, descodificar decree decretar

disconnect desconectar

dissolve disolver, liquidar distribute distribuir, repartir divest desinvertir

dock atracar

exchange cambiar, intercambiar

document documentar

execute ejecutar

draft 1. realizar en borrador, hacer un esquema 2. delinear, dibujar

exhibit exhibir, exponer

draw 1. dibujar 2. girar, librar 3. retirar 4. devengar, producir

expand expandir expire 1. caducar 2. vencer, prescribir exploit explotar

expose exponer expropriate expropiar

earn 1. ganar, percibir 2. devengar, producir

extend 1. extender, ampliar 2. conceder

economize or economise economizar, ahorrar

extract extraer, resumir

edit corregir un texto, redactar embargo embargar

extrapolate extrapolar

employ emplear

empower delegar poder, conceder poder, facultar, capacitar, potenciar, habilitar

fabricate fabricar

enclose adjuntar encode cifrar, codificar encumber gravar, afectar endorse endosar, avalar, respaldar enlarge ampliar enrol or enroll 1. v.t. inscribir, matricular, registrar 2. v.i. inscribirse, matricularse, registrarse. enter registrar, asentar, apuntar, inscribir erase borrar

fail 1. fracasar, fallar 2. quebrar fall bajar, caer fall behind atrasarse. fall due vencer file archivar finance financiar fine multar fire despedir flop fallar, fracasar flow fluir fluctuate fluctuar, variar

erode erosionar establish establecer

fold 1. cerrar o cesar operaciones 2. plegar, doblar

estimate presupuestar, tasar, valorar, estimar

foreclose ejecutar

evade evadir

forge falsificar found 1. fundar 2. fundir

evaluate evaluar examine examinar, revisar

fragment fragmentar

franchise dar en concesi贸n o franquicia, franquiciar free liberar freeze bloquear, inmovilizar, congelar function funcionar

indemnify indemnizar, compensar index indexar indorse endosar. industrialize or industrialise industrializar inflate inflar

inform informar inherit heredar

gain 1. incrementar, aumentar 2. beneficiarse graduate 1. v.t. graduar 2. v.t. escalonar 3. v.i. graduarse, recibirse, licenciarse, obtener el t铆tulo universitario grant 1. otorgar, conceder 2. donar grow crecer

inject inyectar input ingresar

J join 1. v.i. incorporarse, asociarse, unirse, hacerse socio, afiliarse 2. v.t. unir, juntar

guarantee garantizar, avalar guard custodiar, cuidar, vigilar

K key teclear

harvest cosechar hedge proteger, cubrir

label etiquetar, rotular

help ayudar highlight resaltar, destacar hoard acaparar, acopiar hold tener, poseer hypothecate hipotecar, pignorar

labour or labor 1. trabajar, laborar land 1. aterrizar 2. desembarcar lapse prescribir, vencer, caducar launch lanzar launder blanquear, lavar, hacer aflorar lead liderar, dirigir legalize or legalise legalizar

import importar

lend prestar

impose imponer

let arrendar, alquilar

increase aumentar, incrementar

limit limitar

navigate navegar

link enlazar, vincular

negotiate negociar

liquidate liquidar

nominate nominar, nombrar, designar

load cargar loan prestar

note anotar, apuntar

log registrar

notice avisar, notificar

lose perder

notify notificar nullify anular, invalidar

maintain mantener make hacer manage gestionar, administrar, dirigir

object oponerse, objetar occupy ocupar

manufacture fabricar, manufacturar

offer ofrecer, ofertar

mark 1. marcar 2. poner nota, calificar

offshore| deslocalizar

offset balancear, compensar

mature vencer, caducar measure. medir merchandise comercializar merge fusionar, consolidar, amalgamar mint acuĂąar misappropriate malversar

open abrir operate operar optimize or optimise optimizar organize or organise organizar outlay desembolsar overcapitalize or overcapitalise sobrecapitalizar

mix mezclar

overdraw girar en descubierto, sobregirar

monopolize or monopolise monopolizar

overload sobrecargar

mortgage hipotecar

overproduce sobreproducir overstate sobretasar, sobrevalorar

multiply multiplicar

overtrade comprar o vender en demasĂa, comprometerse a comprar o vender mĂĄs de lo que se puede afrontar

N name nombrar, nominar, designar nationalize or nationalise nacionalizar

overvaluate sobrevaluar overvalue sobrevalorar, sobrevaluar, sobretasar

print imprimir

pack 1. empaquetar, embalar 2. envasar

v.t.

private privado, particular privatize or privatise privatizar process procesar

participate participar pass 1. v.i. aprobar 2. pasar

preestrenar, avanzar

transferir,

procure comprar, adquirir, obtener

pawn empe単ar

produce 1. producir 2. redituar, rendir, devengar

pay back devolver, reembolsar

profit ganar, beneficiarse.

pay in 1. pagar, desembolsar 2. depositar, ingresar pay out pagar, desembolsar pay up pagar una deuda, pagar por completo, cancelar

program or programme programar promote 1. promover, fomentar, promocionar 2. ascender, promocionar prorate prorratear protest protestar

pension jubilar perform rendir, desempe単arse, funcionar, actuar place colocar, posicionar plan planificar plough back or plow back reinvertir plough into or plow into invertir polish pulir poll sondear, encuestar pollute contaminar position posicionar, colocar possess poseer

publish publicar purchase comprar purvey suministrar, proveer

Q quote 1. cotizar 2. ofertar, presupuestar

post 1. enviar por correo 2. asentar, registrar 3. anunciar, publicar

raise 1. aumentar, incrementar 2. recaudar

postpone posponer, prorrogar, aplazar

rate 1. calificar, evaluar 2. tasar, valorar

power propulsar

rationalize or rationalise racionalizar

prefabricate prefabricar

reacquire readquirir, recomprar

prefinance prefinanciar

readjust reajustar

preliminary preliminar

recapitalize or recapitalise recapitalizar

prescribe prescribir preview 1. ver previamente

reconcile conciliar, reconciliar

record 1. registrar, asentar 2. grabar recover recuperar, rescatar recruit reclutar, contratar

restate 1. redefinir 2. tasar o valorar de nuevo, actualizar restrict restringir restructure reestructurar, reconvertir

recycle reciclar redeploy reubicar, recolocar rediscount redescontar reduce reducir, rebajar reexport reexportar

result resultar retain retener revaluate revaluar revalue revaluar reverse invertir, revertir

refinance refinanciar reimburse reintegrar, reembolsar reimport reimportar

revise revisar revoke revocar rise aumentar, incrementar, alzar

reinsure reasegurar release 1. liberar 2. estrenar, lanzar

risk arriesgar

relocate reubicar, recolocar

robotize or robotise instalar robots, robotizar

remit remitir, remesar

rotate rotar, girar

remunerate remunerar

round off redondear

render rendir, presentar, exponer

rule dictaminar, fallar

renegotiate renegociar

run 1. v.t. dirigir, administrar, gestionar, manejar 2. v.t. poner en funcionamiento, hacer funcionar 3. v.t. ejecutar 4. v.i. funcionar

renew renovar reorganize or reorganise reorganizar repay reintegrar, devolver, reembolsar replace 1. reemplazar, sustituir 2. reponer reply responder

save 1. ahorrar, economizar 2. salvar 3. guardar

represent representar reproduce reproducir reprogram reprogramar repurchase recomprar request solicitar, pedir rescind rescindir rescue rescatar

S schedule planificar, programar, proyectar seal sellar second secundar segment segmentar segregate segregar, separar

reserve reservar

seize secuestrar, confiscar, decomisar, embargar, incautar

resign renunciar

sell off liquidar

send enviar, remitir

subcontract subcontratar

settle 1. acordar, fijar 2. saldar, liquidar, cancelar

sublease subalquilar, subarrendar sublet subalquilar, subarrendar

settle up saldar cuentas, pagar

subscribe suscribir

share participar, compartir

subtract restar, deducir

ship remitir, despachar

sue demandar

shop comprar

sum sumar, totalizar

shorthand taquigrafiar

summon convocar, citar, emplazar

show mostrar, exponer, exhibir

supervise supervisar

smuggle contrabandear sort clasificar

supply abastecer, aprovisionar, suministrar

specialize or specialise especializarse.

support 1. apoyar, respaldar 2. mantener

speculate especular

surcharge recargar, sobrecargar

spend gastar

survey 1. encuestar 2. relevar, peritar, reconocer, estudiar

spin hilar

suspend suspender

split dividir sponsor auspiciar, patrocinar, promover square 1. cuadrar 2. elevar al cuadrado 3. cancelar, saldar squeeze restringir stamp 1. sellar, timbrar 2. estampar, imprimir standardize or standardise estandarizar, normalizar staple grapar, engrapar stock almacenar, tener en existencias stockpile acopiar

sustain mantener, sostener swap intercambiar systematize or systematise sistematizar

T tag 1. etiquetar 2. codificar take on contratar tally hacer que algo cuadre, hacer que algo concuerde, cuadrar tax gravar telecommute teletrabajar

store almacenar

telephone telefonear

streamline racionalizar strike declararse en huelga, ir a la huelga, parar

tend tender terminate terminar, rescindir

structure estructurar

test 1. examinar 2. ensayar, probar

study estudiar

total totalizar

totalize or totalise totalizar trader traficante, comerciante, mercader traffic traficar train 1. entrenar, adiestrar 2. instruir, formar, capacitar

W warrant 1. justificar 2. garantizar, asegurar waste malgastar, desperdiciar

transcribe transcribir

watch vigilar, custodiar

translate 1. traducir 2. convertir 3. trasladar

water diluir

travel viajar

weigh pesar

treat tratar

will legar

turn over rotar, girar

wind up cerrar, cesar operaciones, liquidar

type mecanografiar

wear 1. v.t. usar 2. v.t. y v.i. desgastar

wire telegrafiar withhold 1. retener 2. denegar

write escribir

underestimate 1. subvalorar, infravalorar, calcular por debajo del importe real 2. subestimar underuse infrautilizar

write down 1. reducir el valor, devaluar 2. apuntar, anotar write in agregar, incluir

undervalue subvaluar, subvalorar

unionize or unionise sindicalizar, agremiar

yield 1. redituar, rendir 2. producir

unload descargar

update actualizar upload cargar utilize or utilise usar, usufructuar

zone dividir en zonas, zonificar, calificar

V validate legalizar, validar valuate valuar, tasar vary variar veto vetar

And re w D. M iles is the d irec tor of English for Business Barcelona, Engl ish for Business M adrid and English Phone English for Business Barcelona teaches English lessons to companies in the Barcelona area. English for Business M adrid teaches English lessons to companies in the Madrid area. English Phone provides lessons by telephone to students who want to improve their oral communication skills

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