THESIS. Breakwater: Port d'Eivissa by Jacob Matthias Kummer

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

Breakwater PORT D’EIVISSA

JACOB MATTHIAS KUMMER Undergraduate Thesis Project

Breakwater PORT D’EIVISSA

JACOB MATTHIAS KUMMER

~~~~~

A multi-purpose arrival infrastructure, that reintegrates the back into Ibiza ~~~~~

Undergraduate Thesis Project. Bachelor in Architecture IE School of Architecture (IE University), Segovia, Spain. Tutors: Lina Toro, Fernando Rodriguez, Pablo Oriol Manuel Perez Romero, Rafael Iñiguez de Onzoño (Technical practices) Monica Garcia (Research Workshop)

Breakwater PORT D’EIVISSA

Manifesto 1. The Search for a Safe-haven a. Migrants: Europe in the Spotlight b. Pleading Asylum: The LGBT Community

2. Destination Ibiza a. Ibiza’s Past as a Safe-haven b. Balearic Asylum Rights & Re-establishing the Safe-haven

3. Site: Port d’Eivissa a. Port d’Eivissa b. Port Wall & Sa Penya

4. Project a. Superimposed Condition b. Objectives vs. Opportunities c. Program: A Transition Process d. Phases: Implementation

5. Phase 1: Port a. Strategy & 5-Year Implementation Plan b. Building Layers onto existing Infrastructure c. A Journey through Breakwater

6. Phase 2: Sa Penya a. Strategy & 5-Year Implementation Plan

7. Phase 3: Eivissa a. Ibiza in the Eyes of the Tourist: Past, Present, Future b. Constructing a New Image of Ibiza

11 12 14

19 20 26

29 30 32

37 38 40 45 48

53 56 62 88

117 120

135 138 146

Breakwater PORT D’EIVISSA

Breakwater is a multipurpose arrival infrastructure that reintegrates the “safe-haven” back into Ibiza. It provides a transitional space that deals with the temporary condition between the arrival by boat of visitors, locals and LGBT Asylum Seekers and their integration into Ibiza. It is located in the Port of Ibiza along the existing protective wall (Muelle Adosado) and the adjacent neighbourhood of Sa Penya. This strategic location sits at the entrance of the port and is the first sight seen by anyone who arrives to Ibiza Town by boat.

~~~~ Throughout its history, Ibiza has always been a refuge for minorities. Its laidback, free-spirited culture, along with its exclusion from Franco’s Regime, encouraged open-minded social groups to flock to the island. Thanks to its radical difference from the mainland, Ibiza’s reputation as a ‘free’ island spread on an international scale, attracting people who sought to be part of the movement from all over Europe. Inevitably, the island fell victim to mass tourism, and soon enough public interest shifted from the local lifestyle once cherished by a lucky few to the shallow party culture that we know Ibiza for today.

Nowadays, despite a steady rise in the acceptance of the LGBT community woldwide, having an ‘unusual’ sexual orientation makes for a very difficult life in many countries. If in the past Ibiza might have been the perfect spot for LGBT individuals looking for a better life, those who struggle today do not see this image of Ibiza. However, the Balearic Government has implemented new legislations for asylum seekers, which will guarantee the right to plead asylum for any immigrant arriving by boat, regardless of their sexual orientation or background.

~~~~ Breakwater aims to create a new image of Ibiza, reminiscent of its past and representative of its future. It re-establishes Ibiza as the safe-haven it once was by:

1. Reintegrating the “safe-space” By providing a safe-sace for LGBT Asylum Seekers to integrate in society. Gay, lesbian, bisexual, and transgender individuals are often not given the equal right to plead asylum, are placed in poor conditions and face risk of violence.There is a desperate need for a place where they can be safe and supported through the transition process. 2. Recovering the Fishermen Communities of Ibiza Town By inserting facitlities in the Port and providing long-term accommodation in Sa Penya for the Fishermen. A part of the the local culture will be restitched back into the area. This will spark cultural interest in Ibiza for arriving visitors to the Island and encourage integration in Sa Penya. 3. Improves the Residential Condition of Sa Penya By rejecting gentrification and embracing Sa Penya as a neighbourhood. Small-scale interventions will provide the neighbourhood with the infrastructure it needs, rather than what outsiders want. They will help to preserve the essence of the neighbourhood but in a regulated way. They will also prepare the neighbourhood for the gradual integration of Fishermen and LGBT Asylum Seekers. 4. Reconnects Sa Penya to the outside By gradually encouraging arrivals through the neighbourhood, Sa Penya will slowely open up to the outside. The neighbourhood can once again be a part of the islands main economy - tourism. 5. Sustainability & Biodiversity Breakwater encourages the cultivation of endangered Posidonia and creates awareness of its presence. Some of the existing posidonia fields on the island are World Heritage Sites. The low-lying seabed by the Port Wall shall be used for growth and experimentation of the posidionia crops.

SEARCHING FOR A SAFE-HAVEN

a) Migrants: Europe in the Spotlight b) Pleading Asylum: The LGBT Community

Breakwater

1. SEARCHING FOR A SAFE-HAVEN //

(a)

MIGRANTS: EUROPE IN THE SPOTLIGHT ~~~~

In the past couple of years, Europe has faced a huge influx of migrating refugees. Wars in Iraq and Syria, as well as unrest in parts of North Africa led to over 1 million refugees arriving in Europe in 2015. Migrants usually spend a long time working in difficult conditions to pay for the journey to the new country. Once they arrive to their country of destination, they get detained in temporary camps in very poor conditions. The sudden influx of refugees puts great strain on the receiving country, which is then responsible for granting them their basic human rights by providing them with temporary accommodation and support.

~~~~

500,000

100,000 10,000

1000

ASYLUM CLAIMS IN EUROPE 2015 First-time applications, 2015, in thousands (bbc)

// MIGRANTS: EUROPE IN THE SPOTLIGHT

3.8 million

2.5 million 2.3 million 1.9 million

1.4 million

800,000

1250 May 2011

2012

2013

2014

2015

INCREASING SYRIAN REFUGEE POPULATION Syrians are now the largest refugee population in the World (mercycorps)

MIGRANTS A migrant is someone who moves to live in another country or to another part of their same country for a period greater than 1 year. It is estimated that 232 million people a year become international migrants. A migrant can be a refugee, an asylum seeker, or they could be moving for economic reasons. A person could also be migrating for a number of reasons.

ASYLUM SEEKERS An Asylum Seeker has been forced to flee their country because it is too dangerous to stay. They are at risk of persecution, violence and discrimination. They have left their country and are waiting for their application result, after which if they are accepted, they will be a classified as a refugee. If rejected, they cannot gain status as a refugee and will then be classified as an illegal immigrant.

REFUGEES A refugee someone who is in need of international protection from fleeing armed conflict and persecution. It is dangerous for them to remain in their country or return home. The 1951 Refugee Convention states that refugees should not be expelled or returned to situations where their life and freedom would be under threat. Upon recognition, refugees are supposed to be given housing and welfare benefits, and helped to integrate into society. source: The Guardian

Syria Syria Syria Kosovo Albania Pakistan Eritrea Nigeria Iran Ukraine 0

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

TOP 10 ORIGINS FOR EU ASYLUM SEEKERS First-time applications, 2015, in thousands (eurostat)

Breakwater

1. SEARCHING FOR A SAFE-HAVEN //

(b)

PLEADING ASYLUM: THE LGBT COMMUNITY ~~~~

Widespread acceptance of the LGBT Community and advancements in human rights have made huge progress in recent years. But this is only in very specific parts of the World. Discrimination against gay, lesbian, bisexual and transgender communities still represents an everyday struggle for thousands of individuals worldwide. There are many parts of the World where it is very dangerous to be LGBT. Not only is there a risk of violence and persecution, but also there are often no protective rights for these people. The LGBT Community should have worldwide access to their basic human rights, but this is not the case in many situations.

~~~~

116 Counties

LEGALITY DOESNT GRANT RIGHTS OF SAFETY

60% OF WORLDS NATIONS WHERE HOMOSEXUALITY IS LEGAL First-time applications, 2015, in thousands (bbc)

// PLEADING ASYLUM: THE LGBT COMMUNITY

ESTIMATED

350 MILLION

HOMOSEXUALS IN THE WORLD

40% of Countries 77 COUNTRIES WHERE HOMOSEXUALITY IS ILLEGAL

10 COUNTRIES Death penalty for homosexuality (Nigeria, Sudan, Iraq, Iran, Mauritiana, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, UAE)

34% SUFFER VIOLENCE Of LGBT Youth in the USA have suffered violence from their parents due to their sexual orientation.

26% FORCED TO LEAVE HOME Of LGBT Youth in the USA have no choice but to leave their family home due to conflict

25-40% OF HOMELESS YOUTH in the USA are LGBT. ENDABUSEWI.ORG

At risk LGBT Individuals seek asylum in other countries because they are unsafe in their home countries on the basis of their sexual identity or orientation.

Breakwater

1. SEARCHING FOR A SAFE-HAVEN //

The application is made at the border upon arrival at either the international port or airport. ARRIVAL AT BORDER

72 HOURS

7-30 DAYS

INADMISSIBLE

DENIED

INITIAL ACCEPTANCE

2 DAYS

URGENT

REEXAMEN

90 DAYS

2 DAYS

INADMISSIBLE

ORDINARY

180 DAYS

DENIED

STATUS AS REFUGEE + SUBSIDARY PROTECTION + HUMAN RIGHTS

THE ASYLUM SEEKING PROCESS (SPAIN) The process of pleading asylum in Spain can take up to 7 months. Denied Asylum seekers can apply again, but after the second trial, they are denied admission and are considered an illegal immigrant.

// PLEADING ASYLUM: THE LGBT COMMUNITY

RAMI KTIFAN, 23 Fled from Syria due to harrassment and intolerance of his sexual orientation. He now resides in Dresden.

ADERONKE APATA, 47

YOUSIF AL-DOORI, 25

Went to the UK in 2004 to plead Asylum, only to be told that she is “not homosexual”. She had to go through humiliating tests to prove her status and to not be send back to dangerous Nigeria.

Fled Iraq as its is not safe to be gay there. He now lives in Germany with other LGBT Asylum Seekers

LGBT ASYLUM SEEKERS OF 2014 (washingtonpost)

1. WRONGLY SENT TO DETENTION CENTRES Asylum Seekers are often sent to immigration detention centres before being given the chance to plead asylum.

2. SUBJECTED TO DANGEROUS CONDITIONS Detention centres for LGBT people can very dangerous places. The LGBT are subjected to violence and discrimination.

3. FORCED TO UNDERGO HUMILATING TESTS The “tests” to prove their sexuality are often are unfair and inhumane.

DESPERATE NEED FOR A SAFE-HAVEN TO CARRY OUT THE PROCESS

3 BIG PROBLEMS WITH THE ASYLUM SEEKING PROCESS FOR LGBT LGBT individuals are especially at risk during the asylum seeking process. They can be placed in poor conditions and exposed to the same, if not worse discrimination that they face in their home countries.

DESTINATION: Ibiza

a. Ibizaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Past as a Safe-haven

b. Balearic Asylum Rights & Oppor-

tunity to Restablish the Safe-haven

Breakwater

2. DESTINATION IBIZA //

(a)

IBIZA’S PAST AS A SAFE-HAVEN ~~~~

Ibiza is the 3rd largest of the Balearic Islands, a group of Spanish islands located roughly 200km from the Iberian Peninsula. Ibiza, with the neighbouring island of Formentera, forms the Pitiüses Islands. Its strategic location in the Mediterrenan sea, as well as its many cultural attributes, have attracted many different populations and social groups throughout the past 3000 years. From the historical occupation of different civilizations to the more recent influx of different social groups searching for a free-spirited lifestyle. The different occupations have greatly influenced the social-economic situation of the island and its perception internationally.

~~~~

130,000

1.6 MILLION

SUMMER POPULATION 13 TIMES WINTER POPLATION

// IBIZA’S PAST AS A SAFE-HAVEN

646 B.C.

THE CARTHAGINIANS “IBOSSIM” Although there is evidence of human occupation beforehand, the Carthaginians are thought to have discovered Ibiza and founded Ibiza Town. They were merchants and traders that made Ibiza into an important centre for trade. The harbour already existed at this time and one of the most important exports was salt, or “ White Gold”. The Carthaginians built the Salinas to extract the salt from sea water, which are still used today.

123 B.C. THE ROMANS “EBUSUS” The Romans conquered the Balearic Islands in 123 B.C. Ibiza was coined “Ebusus”. Parts of Dalt Vila, such as the entrance gates, were constructed by the Romans. They taught the local population how to grow grapes, corn and olives.

V - IX Century VANDALS VS. BYZANTINE EMPIRE The Vandals occupied Ibiza for a short period of time. There is little information about this period, however they were thought to have just used the Port facilities on the island. The Byzantines attacked the Vandals in the hope to regain much of the lush agricultural land in Spain and North Africa. The Byzantines contributed to improvements to the island such as the irrigation system and the “share-cropping” system.

IX Century THE ARABS “YEBISAH” The Arabs occupied the island for nearly 500 years. Their presence influenced the construction of houses, the traditional costumes and the island dialect “Ibicenco”. They constructed a large mosque in Dalt Vila. The trade blossmed during the Arab occupation, with most of their economy coming from the Salinas, agriculture, and fishing.

1235 THE CATALANS The Catalans conquered the island, taking its rule from the Arabs. They had a strong influence on the religion of the island, building churches in most villages and renaming them after Christian Saints.

XIII Century -THE PIRATES The Pirates attacked the island of Ibiza in a period when the island was in neglect from the Catalans. In the event of an attack, the villagers would hide in the fortified churches around the island. There are a series of pirate towers present on the island, all within visible sight of eachother, which would light up if a pirate ship was spotted.

HISTORICAL OCCUPATION OF IBIZA Ibiza and Formentera are thought to have been populated nearly 3000 years ago. This discovery came after finding a grave on Formentera dating back to 1600 B.C. The historical occupants came to the Island to take advantage of specific things it had to offer. ibiza-spotlight. The White Island. Stephen Armstrong

Breakwater

2006

2. DESTINATION IBIZA //

2007

2008

2009

2010

DATA

135 mill.

ARGI.

DALIAS

PACHA

ES CANAR

SPACE

EIVISSA

AMNESIA

SAN ANT.

PRIVILEDGE

SANTA EUL.

EDEN

MARKET SCHEDULE (2014)

IN-SEASON.

OFF.

TOP 5 CLUB SCHEDULE (2014)

IN-SEASON.

OFF.

ACTIVITY

BALEARIC TOTAL PROD. (EURO)

Ibiza had an economy based on agriculture, fishing and salt production. Before the Spanish Civil War, there was little tourism and during the war and World War II, tourism ceased.

OCCUPANTS

During the Franco Regime, Ibiza was excluded because it was thought to be a poor island with no important people living there. The fishing and agriculture are still large parts of the economy, as long with mass-tourism. However there has been little growth in recent years.

Ibiza had a reputation of being a place where freedom of thought and expression were united. Hippies searched for a simpler life, a lifestyle that perfectly intertwined with that of the locals. Non-conformists globally flocked to Ibiza and other places such as San Francisco. Large numbers decided to settle on Ibiza, in which they performed many Trance parties and sold goods in the hippie markets.

LOCALS

HIPPIES

PRE-1960s

1960s

Ibiza was excluded from the Franco Regime, in which openly gay people would be imprisioned. It was impossible to live an open life. There was an established gay community already in Ibiza with bars, clubs, restaurants and beaches. The down to earth mentality of its people and laid back lifestyle welcomed the LGBT community with open arms. Ibiza became world renowned for being a free-minded place, where people can be themselves despite their religion, sex, sexual orientation, status or race.

THE RISE OF THE SAFE-HAVEN The local culture that Ibiza has to offer is relaxed, accepting and free-spirited. This attracted the different minded social groups who were looking for somewhere to be liberated. Every migration of a new social group was followed by another. This make the image of Ibiza from the outside constantly changing towards what people wanted.

THE LGBT 1970-80s

// IBIZA’S PAST AS A SAFE-HAVEN

% 27

REST OF WORLD F

N-SEASON.

% 21

UK M

ESP A

14 DAYS 500

DE N

350

OFF.

gime, in which was impossible

already in Ibiza

and laid back ith open arms. a free-minded s despite their ace.

100+ SENEGAL JAN-MAR

10/DAY

500+ IBIZA

CANARIES APR-JUN

JUL-SEP

OCT-DEC

35,000

YEARLY OPEN HOTELS (2001-12)

REGISTERED S. SECURITY IN TOURISM (2012)

Ibiza’s free and easy brand and hippy culture brought with it a new music scene. Just like with the Warehouse in Chicago, Amnesia in Ibiza brought the birth of the “Balearic Beat” which is a by product of House music. UK DJs started flocking to the island, and in the late 80s, the UK went Acid House crazy. Along with the rise of party drugs such as ecstasy, people wanted a taste of the party scene in Ibiza. The party goers still frequent on the island, and now it is a popular family and luxury destination.

Ibiza has a population of illegal immigrants, often called “Looky looky men” or “boatpeople”, who are mainly from Senegal. Like many “lost souls” in the past, these men travel from African countries in search for a better life. They make the dangerous journey on “lothios” usually to the Canary Islands and then onwards to Ibiza, with the hope to make money to send back to their families by selling fake luxury goods to tourists. Often the money they send is the families only source of income.

MASS-TOURISTS

IMMIGRANTS

1980s - now

1990s - now

THE DECLINE OF THE SAFE-HAVEN Ibiza’s reputation spread in the late 80s and 90s, and the island fell victim to mass-tourism. It became a very crowded island in the summer rmonths with people loking to party and be in the beach. As Ibiza received more visitors, the Island began to suffer from overcrowding and Ibiza’s essence of being a saferefuge is dimishing.

325 hotels

13000 jobs

are present on the island

on an island of 1300000 inhabitants

01. Cala San Vicente 02. Aguas Blancas 03. Es Figueral 04. Pau Des Llea 05. Cala de Boix 06. Cala Mastella 07. Cala Llenya 08. Cala Nova 09. Es Canar 10. Cala Martina 11. S’Argamassa 12. Cala Pada 13. Playa Niu Blau 14. Santa Eulalia 15. Siesta

(elpais)

16. Cala Llonga 17. Sol d’en Serra 18. Cala Oliviera 19. S’Estanyol 20. Talamanca 21. Figueretas 22. Playa d’en Bossa 23. Es Cavallet 24. Las Salinas 25. Es Codolar 26. Sa Caleta 27. Cala Jondal 28. Es Xarcu 29. Es Torrent 30. Cala d’Hort 31. Cala Carbo 32. Cala Vadella 33. Cala Moli 34. Cala Tarida 35. Cala Codolar 36. Cala Conte 37. Cala Bassa 38. Port d’es Torrent 39. Cala Gracio 40. Cala Gracioneta 41. Punta Galera 42. Cala Salada 43. Cala Saladita 44. San Miguel 45. Benirras 46. Cala Xarraca 47. S’ilot d’es Rencli 48. Cala Xuclar 49. Portinatx 50. Cala d’en Serra 51. Sa Pedrera

(antenna3)

BAR CELO NA

TOP BEACHES IBIZA

KASBAH KANYA

COASTLINE CAFE MAMBO

VALENCIA

CAFE DEL MAR SAVANNAH

DENIA.

VILLA MERCEDES

BARM

ES PARADIS

41 40

SANT ANTONI 22.000

38 37

EDEN

36 35

477 pax. 90 veh.

SANT JOSEP 2.498

THE ISLAND CONDITION Proximity to neighbouring countries

KMH

30 29

27 28

96% of arriving tourists

DENIA.

50 47

PORTINATX 458

44 45

PORT DE SAN MIQUEL 109 SANT VINCENT 313

SANT JOAN 956

SANT MIQUEL 1544 3 4

SANT MATEU 377

5 SANT LORENC 1341

6 7 8 SANTA GERTRUDIS 2.184

SANTA EULÃ&#x20AC;RIA 31.500

13 14

SANT RAFEL 2.047

PRIVELDGE

15 AMNESIA

17 16

EIVISSA 49.000

CA OR L L

18 PACHA

EL DIVINO

E AD

L PA

MAO ROOMS BASEBAR

BORABORA

SPACE

DC10

Top 50 beach Hippy Activity

TERA

Coastal Tourist Area

Tourism Hotspot LGBT Hotspot Illegal Immigrant Hotspot

FORM EN

Permanent Population

MIGRANTS, VISITORS & OCCUPATION

Ibiza Island Mapping

546 pax. 100 veh.

0km

Breakwater

2. DESTINATION IBIZA //

(c)

BALEARIC ASYLUM RIGHTS : ARRIVAL BY BOAT ~~~~

In 2014, The Balearic Government set to introduce a protocol which gives rights to immigrants arriving by boat to the islands. This means that every arrival will be given the chance to plead asylum, as well as being given financial and legal support before being transported and detained in centres on the mainland.

~~~~

PORT DE SANT ANTONI DE PORTMANY

PORT D’EIVISSA

AEROPORT D’EIVISSA

PRESSURE ON ARRIVAL INFRASTRUCTURE Encouraging arrival by boat puts pressure on the infrastructure of Ibiza which is already in strain from the existing touristic condition

// BALEARIC ASYLUM RIGHTS: BY BOAT

LGBT ASYLUM SEEKERS NEED A SAFE-SPACE FOR THEIR TRANSITON

DECLINE IN IBIZAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S REPUTATION AS BEING A REFUGE

EQUAL OPPORTUNITY FOR ASYLUM SEEKERS IN IBIZA

OPPORTUNITY TO RESTABLISH THE SAFE-HAVEN

SITE: Port d’Eivissa a. Port d’Eivissa

b. Port Wall & Sa Penya

Breakwater

3. PORT Dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;EIVISSA //

Ibiz

Ro -R oP on

ien te

rina

Club Nautico de Ibiza cargo, fishermen, recreational

469 re

Muelle Ribera 360m ferries, interior traffic

Darsena Poni

ente

RINA

L A MA

Co n Lev tram ue an lle te

Breakwater

Mu exp elle ect Lev a ed gro nte wth

3m R SY

, IA

DA LT V

Y, KE UR

s ave fw

NIS TU

tio

Dir

SA PENYA

T T, YP EG

IL A

// SITE: PORT D’EIVISSA

(a)

SITE: PORT D’EIVISSA ~~~~

7th

Port of Ibiza ranked 7th in Spain for Sports activities

1400

Recreational Boat Slips in the entire port

The Port of Ibiza is one of 5 ports in the Balearic Islands, and it is projected to grow the most in 2016. There is a 17.5% growth in Port calls for this year, putting extra strain on the infrastructure available. Although there was a port before, the Carthaginians converted the port into an armed infrastructure for use as a naval base. The adjacent neighbourhoods of La Marina and Sa Penya which were split between the different types of trade - Sa Penya being fishing and La Marina being for artesan crafts.

Marina Ibiza ecreational boats

Nowdays, the Port boasts a huge array of different areas, for all different types of activities. The area of La Marina is now a site for nightlife and tourism, whereas Sa Penya has stays in a deteriorated condition.

Marina Botafoch 427 recreational boats

1. MOORING

3. LIFTING

5. LIQUID FUEL COLLECTION

FO RM EN TE RA ,

MA LLO RC A

2. PILOTING

4. SOLID WASTE COLLECTION

BALEARIA NIXE Ibiza - Formentera/Denia 546 pax. 56 veh.

BALEARIA RAMON LLUL Ibiza - Formentera 477 pax. 90 veh.

6. WATER WASTE COLLECTION

ISCOMAR NURA NURA Ibiza - Mallorca 950 pax. 150 veh.

7. MOVEMENT OF GOODS

PORT SITE PLAN

,D EN IA

8. PASSENGER SERVICE

BOATS ARRVING

1:3500 0m

120

160

EXISTING PORT SERVICES

TO PORT WALL

Breakwater

3. PORT D’EIVISSA //

(b)

SITE: PORT WALL & SA PENYA ~~~~

The site of Breakwater sits in the entrance of the Port, at the existing protective Port Wall and the adjacent neighbourhood of Sa Penya. This is one of the first sights one has as they are entering Ibiza. The Port Wall was constructed to protect the inner harbour from the natural elements. Nowadays it is not used to its full potential. Recreational ferries arrive here but it doesn’t function as an infrastructure with this use should. The neighbourhood of Sa Penya is the first parts of the city one arrives too as they disembark the ferries. It sits between the Port of Ibiza and the UNESCO Protected City wall of Dalt Vila. Previously a fishermen occupied neighbourhood, it has suffered from a deteriorating condition in the last 30 years after a Gitano population moved in from mainland Spain for work opportunities in the contruction industry. It has been segregated from the outside and the Islands main economy - tourism. The neighbourhood’s condition has left the residents without access to basic infrastructure due to the centralization of public services to other parts of Ibiza Town because of the tourism industry.

~~~~

600 - 700 Estimated population

80%

Belong to the Gitano community

83%

Of children under 14 years of age never completed school

64%

Living in poverty

Highest unemployment rate in Ibiza

source: Where utopia meets dystopia - pablo conejo

SA PENYA

PORT

// SITE: PORT WALL & SA PENYA

DEPOPULATION & DIVESTMENT

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

FISHERMEN MOVE OUT TO OTHER AREAS

1. MOVING-OUT OF FISHERMEN POPULATION The tourism boom in the 60s and 70s saw residents of Sa Penya gaining wealth from the Fishermen trade. Many moved out to more modern neighbourhoods. Most of the neighbourhood remained empty and suffered from divestment.

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

MIGRANT WORKERS

2. MOVING-IN OF GITANO POPULATION The tourism boom brought employment opportunities for construction workers. The low house prices in the neighbourhood attracted Gypsy migrants from the Iberian Peninsula. It doubled the population.

AVOID BARRIO DE SA PENYA

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

BALEARIA NIXE

BALEARIA RAMON LLUL

ISCOMAR NURA NURA

3. DETERIORATING CONDITION - TOURISTS AVOID IT When the tourism boom declined, Sa Penya developed an illicit economy based on drug commerce. The neighbourhood developed a negative reputation and therefore it became closed off from the tourism industry.

Breakwater

3. PORT D’EIVISSA //

M,L,XL 2.

These are larger, open spaces which are

informally used for need activities such as parking. S, M These are tigher public spaces between buildings such as smaller squares, and alleys. In the past they were occupied by street level commcerce.

EXISTING PUBLIC SPACES The neighbourhoods declining condition has left the residents without access to basic infrastructure and services. The other parts of the city and port area are more directed towards the main economy of the island - tourism. This led to a decentralization of public services to other parts of Ibiza Town.

MARE DEU VIEWPOINT

PLACA SA DRASSANETA

CARRER DE LA MARE DE DEU

PLACA SA RIBA

Difficult access and hidden from city. The viewpoint leads into the neighbourhood

Past of being cery active, centre of community with bars, restaurants and markets

Centre of the “gay ghetto” of Ibiza, with the active nightlife

This square of full of life in the summer. It has many bars and restaurants that work mostly seasonally.

// SITE: PORT WALL & SA PENYA

Poor street lighting Lack of Urban Fixtures Lack of Parking, Healthcare Lack of Trash facilities & collection, water supply, drainage phone & internet, health & nutirition, safety

MISSING INFRASTRUCTURE & SERVICES The neighbourhoods declining condition has left the residents without access to basic infrastructure and services. The other parts of the city and port area are more directed towards the main economy of the island - tourism. This led to a decentralization of public services to other parts of Ibiza Town.

32%

Declared living in precarious housing conditions

20%

With no sanitary services

5-10%

Houses in ruin (slum) condition

Sa Penya

Carrers envelats per la roba estesa, amb flaires de mar i sardina fresca. Juguen uns al·lots, canta una fadrina, del portal estant, la majora els crida. En un racó, un gat, escura una espina; joves estrangers es besen i riuen. Pel teu petit món --feu de la gavina--, m’hi ha dut a voltar la mà de l’amiga. I encaterinats pel pas de la brisa, ens ha embadalit el teu cos d’ondina. Batuda pel vent, el sol t’enlluerna, s’arrissa la mar i s’inflen les veles. Sota el baluard, vora la Marina, ets un vaixell blanc ancorat fa dies.

~~~~ August Bover

PROJECT

a. Superimposed Condition

b. Objectives vs. Opportunities c. Program: A Linear Transition d. Phases: Implementation

Breakwater

4. PROJECT //

CITY CONDITION

NEIGHBOURHOOD CONDITION

THE TRANSITION BEGINS AT THE PORT WALL ~~~~ The traffic is reorganized, proving an efficient ferry loading/unloading zone for vehicles (a) . The existing public space (b) will be sunken, separating pedestrian flow from traffic, and creating a step up to the Breakwater. The exposed part of the existing wall will be removed (c), however its footprint will be kept.The traffic is reorganized, proving an efficient ferry loading/unloading zone for vehicles (a) . The existing public space (b) will be sunken, separating pedestrian flow from traffic, and creating a step up to the Breakwater.

(a)

SUPERIMPOSITION: LGBT VS. EXISTING ~~~~

Breakwater will also serve as a catalyst for integration between the existing occupants of this site and new visitors and asylum seekers. It is implemented in an area with an existing complex condition. By superimposing the LGBT Asylum Seeker program into the site it will create positive contributions to the area making it a more pleasant, dieverse and open place to be, instead of worsening the problem and adding more strain to the Port

// THE SUPERIMPOSED CONDITION

PORT CONDITION

NEW

EXISTING

LGBT ASYLUM SEEKERS

SA PENYA LOCALS

FISHERMEN

TOURISTS

The LGBT Asylum Seeker looks for safety,

The residents of Sa Penya donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t want the

Sa Penya was a fishermen community. they

The tourists come to Ibiza Town mainly for

support and guidance in the Ibiza. They hope

essence of their neighbourhood to change,

need encouragement and the facilities in

the parties, shopping and leisure. Many are

for a problem-free transition process from

but they need the care that is given to the rest

order to go back to living and working there.

unaware of the local culture in the city. They

arrival to integration into society.

of the city.

need encouragement and the opportunity to explore this local culture, safely.

PRIMARY USERS

Breakwater

4. PROJECT //

OBJECTIVES VS. OPPORTUNITY ~~~~

Breakwater identifies the opportunities present in the site and integrates them with the objectives of the project. It is important to understand the existing spaces and how they (do not) function. By studying the existing condition, it is possible to see where the new program can be inserted and how it can adapt to benefit the local condition.

~~~~

5 MAIN OBEJCTIVES OF BREAKWATER

RESTABLISHES IBIZA AS A SAFE-HAVEN By Providing a safe-space for LGBT Asylum Seekers to Integrate into Society. 2.

RECOVERS THE FISHERMEN COMMUNITIES OF IBIZA TOWN & the culture behind it by reintegrating them into Sa Penya and providing facilties in the Port. 3.

IMPROVES THE RESIDENTIAL CONDITION OF SA PENYA by rejecting gentrification, enhancing public space and providing basic infrastructure to the residents 4.

RECONNECTS SA PENYA TO THE OUTSIDE by encouraging arrivals through the neighbourhood. ~~~~ 5.

SUSTAINABILITY & BIODIVERSITY by encouraging the cultivation & experimentation of Oceanic Posidonia growth and creating awareness of its presence.

// OBJECTIVES VS. OPPORTUNITIES

2. 15% EMPTY HOUSING

Integration possibitlies into the existing neighbourhood

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

1. 250m EXPOSED SIDE OF WALL Potential for secluded parts of the program

1. RESTABLISHING IBIZA AS A SAFE-HAVEN

5. 15% EMPTY HOUSING

Integration possibitlies into the existing neighbourhood

SA PENYA

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

4. SHELTERED MARINA

Ideal arrival zone for smaller boats - eg. Fishermen.

3. 220m PROTECTED SIDE OF WALL

Potential for insertion of Fishermen facilties and arrival program

2. RECOVERING THE FISHERMEN COMMUNITYS OF IBIZA TOWN

Breakwater

4. PROJECT //

8. LACK OF INFRASTRUCTURE

Inserting infrastructure in public areas to enhance pubic life

SA PENYA

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

7. DISCONNECTED PUBLIC SPACES

Opportunity to connect these public spaces with eachother and enchancing their existing condition

6. 230m UPPER LEVEL WALL

Potential to enhance the condition of this wall, turning it into a public space and viewing point

3. IMPROVES THE RESIDENTIAL CONDITION OF SA PENYA

12. CROSS-CONNECTIONS

Making the neighbourhood more permeable from the outside

SA PENYA

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

11. ENTRANCE TO SA PENYA

Encouraging the flow of arrivals through the neighbourhood of Sa Penya through existing viewpoint

10. VEHICLE LOADING

Reorganizing the traffic of this area to separate pedestrian and vehicle spaces

9. 160m FERRY BOARDING DECK

Potential to improve its efficiency by adding another layer separating passenger boarding and goods loading

4. RECONNECTS SA PENYA TO THE OUTSIDE

// OBJECTIVES VS. OPPORTUNITIES

Protected Marine Environments

Repopulating Oceanic Posidonia in Talamanca and

Protected Rural Environments

Mallorca. The low lying conditions at the Breakwater are perfect for this method.

PROTECTED MARINE ENVIRONMENTS (UNESCO) The Posidonia meadows in Ibiza are endangered. This is because they are very sensitive to disturbances especially those caused by the tourism industry. It grows very densely on the seabed and attracts a lot of biodiversity as well as being partly responsible for the crystal clear blue waters that the Balearic Islands have to offer. The Parque Natural de Ses Salines in Ibiza is one of the largest conservation zones of posidonia in Ibiza. It is an area that spreads 15.396,90 hectars of seabed, 80% of which is covered in posidonia. There have been recent efforts to extend the posidonia meadow fields. One of the main ways to protect it is promote awareness of its presence. There still remain many parts of the island with posidonia which is not protected. Another way of encouraging its growth is to plant seedlings in protected, shallow waters. This has already been carried out woth success in Mallorca, and in the nearby bay of Talamanca in Ibiza

A PENYA

BARRIO DE SA PENYA

SEABED +1.00M

POTENTIAL FOR POSIDONIA CULTIVATIONS

High-tide +0.1m Low-tide -0.1m

5. SUSTAINABILITY & BIODIVERSITY (REPOPULATING POSIDONIA)

Breakwater

4. PROJECT //

// OBJECTIVES VS. OPPORTUNITIES

(b)

PROGRAM: A LINEAR TRANSITION PROCESS ~~~~

An LGBT Asylum Seeker requires a specific program that follows the different stages of the asylum seeking process. It differs from the regular asylum seekers due to the particular vulnerabilities that the LGBT indivuduals can have at the beginning. The program is Breakwater has been synthasized into 4 main stages to create the best and most effective transition possible. The Arrival stage deals with the process of commencing their transition process and what is needed upon arrival. The Temporary stage lasts up to a period of 30 days. It is in this time where their initial application for asylum is being considered. Upon receiving the result of their initial application, the asylum seeker passed to the Transitional stage which lasts up to 6 months. The aim of the last phase is to integrate into society, develop skills and begin to become independent.

~~~~

72 hours

1. ARRIVAL

90 - 180 days

7 - 30 days

2. TEMPORARY

3. TRANSITIONAL

n/a

4. INTEGRATION

BREAKWATER PROGRAMMATIC SEQUENCE From Arrival to Integration

LGBT ASYLUM NEEDS

Breakwater

4. PROJECT //

LGBT Asylum seekers arrive with little belongings. They need to be welcomes in a friendly space. First they need to be registered and provided with the basics.

Due their vulnerability at this time, the program will be kept mostly private from the outside. A temporary living environment is needed.

72 hours

7 - 30 days

2. TEMPORARY

TOURISTS NEEDS

FISHERMEN NEEDS

1. ARRIVAL

30 mins -1 hour

1 hour - 1 day

Fishermen need their own personal slip to moor up their boats and know they are safe where they have left them. A spacious dock for unlaoding is also needed.

Balearic fishermen are used to having their own hut where they can work on their boat, store their equipment. A modern version of the traditional “Casa Varadero” would be suitable.

15 mins -1 hour

10 mins - 1 hour

The tourists will need an arrival structure that can ease their boarding and disembarking from the boat, without having to face lots of stairs.

Tourists would enjoy a welcoming arrival to the city. The arrival space should take advantage of the panoramic views and provide a pleasant place to be.

A transitional, integrative environment is needed at this time. Interaction and self-development is strongly encouraged whilst

90 - 180 days

3. TRANSITIONAL

permanent

The Fishermen would need to have quick and easy access from the dock to their new accomodation in Sa Penya.

20 mins - 2 hours

An environment which could give tourists a “real-taste” of Ibiza would help ease their integration into Ibiza. They should be able to experience the “local” ibiza.

THE NEEDS OF ARRIVALS Each arriving group to the Island has very different needs in terms of program. They spend different amounts of times in different parts of the process.

The tools and resources are given to the asylum seeker at the end of the process to live independently. Future support will be available to them.

Lifetime

4. INTEGRATION

n/a

5 - 10 days

Having experienced in their arrival the panoramic views, and the “other side” to Ibiza, the tourist should be ready to get to know the rest of the Island.

// PROGRAM: A LINEAR TRANSITION PROCESS

Private Single Accommodation Private Double Accomodation Communal gardens/space Communal kitchens

Shared Accomodation in Existing

Communal storage space

Basic Infrastructure

Personal storage space

Security

Personal Exterior space

Mental Health Centre

Arr. 1 LGBT Asylum Arrival Deck

Leisure Activities

Physical Health Centre

LGBT Asylum Welcome Centre

Water Access

Integration Workshops

Waiting & Check-in Area

Security 24/7

Access to facilities of Port Wall

Independency Workshops

Consultation Area

Mental Health Centre

Exterior Space

Access to Job Opportunities

Basics collection

Physical Health Centre

Access to Job Opportunities

Mental Health Care

Exterior Relaxation Space

Laundry

Skill Development

Physical Health Care

1. ARRIVAL

2. TEMPORARY

4. INTEGRATION

3. TRANSITIONAL

Arr.2 Fishermen Arrival Deck

Fishermen Huts

Shared/Single Accomodation

Arr. 3. Tourist Arrival Deck

Wide dock for working

Basic Infrastructure

Loading/Off-loading Goods

Upper/Lower Deck Access

Integration Workshops

Heavy Goods Lift

Shading

Access to facilities of Port Wall

Vehicle Boarding Zone

Raised deck for views and leisure

Exterior Space

Guided Access

Public Space/viewpoints

MINIMUM PROGRAMMATIC REQUIREMENTS Considering the initial needs of all arrivals, its possible to generate a list of minimum programmatic requirements for each stage of the transition process.

Breakwater

4. PROJECT //

(b)

PHASES: IMPLEMENTATION OVER 5 YEARS ~~~~

Breakwater is implemented in 3 simultaneous phases over the period of 5 years. The purpose of this is to ease the integration of the new demographic without provoking a sudden counter-reaction from the residents of Eivissa, or more specifically, of Sa Penya. The first year will primarily focus on improving the local condition across the 3 phases. Throughout the second year, arriving tourists will be encouraged through Sa Penya, gradually reintegrating the neighbourhood into the island economy & tourism industry. The Breakwater will be open to receive LGBT Asylum seekers from the beginning of Year 3, and will be carefully integrated into society along their 4 stage transition process.

~~~~

PHASE 1: PORT

1. ARRIVAL

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2. TEMPORARY

3. TRANSITIONAL

PHASES OF IMPLEMENTATION SYNCRONIZED WITH TRANSITION PROGRAM To ensure a gradual acceptance of the new program

PHASE 3: EIVISSA

4. INTEGRATION

// PHASES: IMPLEMENTATON OVER 5 YEARS

COMMUNITY INVOLVEMENT WORKSHOPS Consutling with the neighbours to collaboratively decide which parts of the neighbourhood would be best to intervene in.

DIVERSITY INFORMATION SESSIONS The aim of these workshops will be to raise awareness of current diversity issues related to the Island and internationally.

INTEGRATION WORKSHOPS Integration workshops work on the relationships between different social groups. It is a chance to meet the neighbours and discuss any issues in a relaxed environment.

YR. 0 - 5 COMMUNITY PREPARATION A series of workshops will be directed at the residents of Sa Penya to prepare them for the incoming populations over the next 5 years. They will begin about 6 months before the project implementation commences, and continue throughout the 5 years, incorporating the new demographics also.

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 1: PORT

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

PHASE 3: EIVISSA CITY

yr 2.

1.1

2.1

3.1

1.2

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

1.3

2.2

2.3 3.2

3.3

5-YEAR IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE To ensure a gradual acceptance of the new program

Breakwater

4. PROJECT //

1.1 Construction of Lower & Upper deck + arrival program for Fishermen

1.2 Addition of tourist arrival structure to the Upper Deck

PHASE 1: PORT

1.3 Gradual Insertion of LGBT Asylum Seeker Temporary Program

PORT PORTSCALE WALL

2.2 Provision of basic infrastructure & 2.2 Provision of basic infrastructure & services to neighbourhood services to neighbourhood

2.1 Allocation of existing urban fabric to 2.1 Allocation of existing urban fabric to Fishermen + benefits Fishermen + benefits

PHASE PHASE 2: 2: SA SA PENYA PENYA

2.3 Gradual Insertion of LGBT Asylum 2.3 Gradual Insertion of LGBT Asylum Seeker Transitional Program Seeker Transitional Program

BARRIO SCALE NEIGHBOURHOOD

3.1 Building and Constructing a new image of Ibiza Town 3.1 Building and Constructing a new image of Ibiza Town

3.2 Attraction of locals and visitors to a previously sparse, industrial area 3.2 Attraction of locals and visitors to a previously sparse, industrial area

PHASE 3: EIVISSA PHASECITY 3: EIVISSA CITY

2.3 Attention and Love given to Sa Penya, embracing it as a neighbourhood 3.3 Attention and Love given to Sa Penya, embracing it as a neighbourhood

CITY

23 50

0.50m

3.84m

3.84m 0.16

0.1

0.1 0.1

0.16 0.01

0.01

SHP 160

0.11m

8.00m

3.84 - 8.00m

// PHASES: IMPLEMENTATON OVER 5 YEARS

0.05 0.16

0.01

SHP 100

PREFAB CONCRETE

RHP 100

GLASS BRICKS

VERTICAL SUPPORT HORIZONTAL SUPPORT

14.00 - 22.00m

0.1

HEB 100

0.1 0.01

0.07

0.80 - 5.00m

UPE 100

0.16 0.01

0.16

HEB 160

2.85 - 18.00m

0.16 0.01

0.05

CHP 50

3.00 - 6.00m

0.16

3.00 - 6.00m

IPE 300 + L-PROFILE

0.30

1 STRUCTURAL CATALOGUE FOR 3 PHASES The whole of Breakwater can be built with 1 single structural catalogue. This helps the gradual implementation and adaptability of the project

PHASE 1: Port

a. Strategy & 5-Year Implementation Plan

b. Building Layers onto Existing Infrastructure

c. A Journey Through Breakwater

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

OCCUPATION: TEMPORARY

1.1 Construction of Lower & Upper deck + arrival program for Fishermen

1.2 Addition of tourist arrival structure to the Upper Deck

PHASE 1: PORT

1.3 Gradual Insertion of LGBT Asylum Seeker Temporary Program

PORT WALL

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

(a)

STRATEGY & 5-YEAR IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ~~~~

Phase 1 inhabits the existing, protective Port Wall of the Port dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Eivissa. Sitting at the entrance to the inner harbour, it boasts a specific arrival condition which makes it a suitable place for the introduction of the arrival program of Breakwater. This phase deals with the Arrival and Temporary of the LGBT Asylum Transition process, supporting them through the first 30 days of their application. Phase 1 also improves and enhances the existing local condition. It provides an arrival program for working local Fishermen, creates new and revitalises existing public spaces, it reorganizes the road traffic, and creates a more efficient and enjoyable arrival experience for tourists. It inhabits the Port Wall over the period of 5 years, gradually introducing different parts of the program to allow the area to grow without creating sudden shock amongst locals.This ensures that the new program has a smooth integration to the existing.

~~~~

THE PORT WALL

THE EXISTING

THE NATURAL

INDEPENDENT

3.84m 3.84m

3.84 - 8.00m 3.84 - 8.00m

8.00m 8.00m

0.50m 0.50m

3.84m

0.10m 0.10m

3.84 - 8.00m 3.84 - 8.00m

14.00 - 22.00m 14.00 - 22.00m

0.80 - 5.00m 0.80 - 5.00m

PHASE 1: PORT

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

4 WAYS TO BUILD ONTO THE EXISTING 3.00 - 6.00m

3.00 - 6.00m

Phase 1 inhabits the existing, protective port wall of Ibiza Town.

2.85 - 18.00m

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 1: PORT

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

1.1

1.1 LOWER DECK & DIVIDING WALL The Lower Deck and the Dividing Wall prepares the Breakwater for future occuptation. It creates two sides of the Port Wall which can act independently but there are varying degrees of visual connecton between them thoughout.

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 1: PORT

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

1.1

“oh look, local fishermen, lets go check it out!” “Lets go see what the catch of the day is down at the Breakwater”

1.1 INSERTION OF FISHERMEN PROGRAM The Breakwater provides the space for a Fishermen community. The locals are attracted to the Breakwater to buy their fresh “catch of the day”. The tourists are attracted because it is a place of local culture, right in the city centre.

yr 5.

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 1: PORT

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

1.1

“Its a beautiful day out, lets go have a picnic at the Breakwater” “Before we leave, let me go to the upper deck to take some photos of the city”

1.1 INSERTION OF UPPER DECK The Breakwater gives space back to the public, as well as providing one of the most successful touristic attractions known, the Viewpoint. It provides a deck, with undisturbed views of both the city and the ocean. Its the perfect welcoming space to Ibiza, and place for locals to spend their free time.

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 1: PORT

1.1

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

1.2

“Wow! I never knew that Ibiza was like this.” “Wait, I’m just going to buy some Sobrassada from this lady”

1.2 REDEVELOPING TOURIST ARRIVAL STRUCTURE Hundreds of tourists already arrive at this point. The extension of the upper deck provides a more efficient unloading/loading of passengers, and encourages them to enter Ibiza through Sa Penya. This can gradually open up the neighbourhood to the outside and help it become part of the islands economy again.

yr 5.

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 1: PORT

1.1

yr 2.

1.2

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

1.3

“Ibiza is a pretty tolerable place. They are so accepting of these vulnerable people”

1.3 INTRODUCTION OF LGBT ASYLUM PROGRAM Now, Ibiza is more ready to welcome the LGBT Asylum Seekers. Their integration will take place over 6 months and over 4 distinct stages. As the process moves on, gradually the LGBT Asylum Seekers will integrate more and more with locals and tourists.

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

(b)

BUILDING LAYERS ONTO EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE ~~~~

DRY CONSTRUCTION METHOD: USE & CLIMATE Phase 1 of Breakwater is constructed in layers along the Port Wall. It uses dry constructon methods which allow for the constantly growing and adapting nature of the program. The structure has to be flexible, but braced. The natural climatic conditions will expose the Port Wall to wind and big differences in temperatures and therefore the construction has to be able to breathe, expand and contract. The use load of the Upper Deck will be variable at different times. In the Summer months, when boats arrive, the loads from disembarking passengers will be high and therefore it has to be flexible. The Prefabricated units are made from Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) which allow for the quick manufacturing of the units for quick reactions to incoming asylum seekers.

MARINE-GRADE MATERIALITY The materials used in the project have been selected to be suitable for the environmental conditions of the site. The metallic elements, primarily in the Primary & Secondary structure, will be made from Hot-Dip Galvanized steel. This will protect it from the marine environment. However, the metallic structure does not come in direct contact with the ocean, only with seaspray. It is separated by a concrete foundation layer. The woods used have been chosen to resist in such marine environments.

EPHEMERAL VS. LONG-LIVED The initial layers of construction (Lower deck, structure, upper deck) have a more permanent presence on the Port Wall. Not only do they have a lasting impact on the landscape but also they provide long-term public space and facilities for local trade. The more ephemeral layers of construction (the prefab program) can be inserted, taken out, and moved around as necessary. However, the prefabricated construction method can resist just as long as the other parts of the program.

~~~~

+3.65m

6. & 7. PREFAB PROGRAM 1150 sqm Material: CLT Panels, glass “nana” folding walls.

+4.00m

5. UPPER DECK 3850 sqm Material: Galvanized steel structure, with wooden joists and decking.

+8.00m

4. PRIMARY STRUCTURE +3.80m

Material: Galvanized steel profiles, varying thickness, tensegrity cables.

+2.00m

REORGANIZED TRAFFIC & SUNKEN PLAZA

3. WALL Material: Reconstruction of existing wall, part in prefabricated concrete sandwich panels and part glass blocks.

2. LOWER DECK 5400 sqm Material: Post-Stressed concrete slab, Split into 18 sections

1. THE EXISTING

3m 1m

206m length Material: Concrete Box Caisson foundation, with existing wall.

Formentera, Denia, Mallorca

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

1. THE EXISTING

+4.00m +1.00m

STREET LEVEL REORGANIZATION REMOVAL OF EXPOSED WALL (FOOTPRINT REMAINS) ~~~~

The traffic is reorganized, providing an efficient ferry loading/unloading zone for vehicles (a) . The existing public space (b) will be sunken, separating pedestrian flow from traffic and creating a step up to the Breakwater which signifies the entrance. The exposed part of the existing wall will be removed (c) however its footprint will be kept. Material: Detaching exposed existing wall from Box Caisson foundation, local stone paving

(b) (A)

5m 1m

(c)

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

REORGANIZING BOAT LOADING DECK ZONE There is not a dedicated space for car traffic and no separation from pedestrian movement

AMPLIFYING THE PIER CONDITION The potential for the Port Wall to become an attractice public space is huge. Panoramic views all round.

CONNECTING TO PLACA SA RIBA There is a missing connection to the nearby Placa Sa Riba which is a place full of energy in the summertime.

Breakwater

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

PHASE 1: PORT //

2 & 3. THE LOWER DECK / 5400 SQM

+3.80m +1.00m

POST-STRESSED CONCRETE SLAB RECONSTRUCTED, PREFAB WALL ~~~~

The Lower Deck increases the potential area of the Port Wall, in preparation for the Breakwater program. The previously removed exposed part of the existing wall is rebuilt, dividing port wall into two, and providing different degrees of transparency. Material: Post-stressed concrete slab (split into 18 segments). Prefabricated concrete panels, glass bricks.

CRE

C SED

TRE T-S POS

SOU

FAB

PRE

CON

TE CRE

HOL

GLA

PRO

FAB PRE

CON

E RET

RI SB

LL WA

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

110mm

500mm

Structure for veg.

LED Strip Lighting Flower bed

visibility

sound

1. GLASS BRICK WALL

2. PREFAB CONCRETE W/ HOLES

3. PREFAB SANDWICH CONCRETE

This part of the wall consists of tailor designed glass bricks which give a degree of transparency without losing privacy. It diffuses natural light, illuminating the covered corridors softly on the asylum seeker side of the wall

Prefabricated concrete panels create this part of the wall. Spacers are placed in the form-work when the concrete is setting. This creates protrusions through the entire depth of the wall which will be finished with a glass covering either side.

Prefabricated concrete panels create this part of the wall. Also, however they are fully opaque and in the middle is set sound insulation. This is to provide some parts of the program with soundproofing from the busy and loud Fishermen dock.

ASYLUM SIDE ELEVATION

3.80m height

WALL TRANSITION & PRIVACY 1:50 0m

0.5

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

4. THE PRIMARY STRUCTURE /

+8.00m

GALVANIZED STEEL PROFILES STEEL TENSEGRITY CABLES ~~~~

The Primary Structure spans the entire length of the Port Wall. It carries a load bearing function to the Upper deck, allowing it to be an independent element from what happens below it. It also supports the addition of light “add-ons” such as different types of shading, seating and even vegetation. It is light in appearance and substance and has a subtle yet powerful impact on the landscape.

Material: Galvanized steel profiles, varying thickness, with tensegrity cables (see structural catalogue)

ABL

IT EGR

TEN

R CTU

RU L ST TEE DS

I VAN GAL

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

4c 4c 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2b 2e 2c 2c 2c

2c 2c 2c 2c 2c

2c+3a 2c+3a 1e

1c 1c+3a 1c+3a

1c+3a 1c+3a 1c

1a 1a 1c

HEB 100 L-Profile 65x50X5 CHS

PRIMARY STRUCTURE PLAN 0m

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The Primary Structure is connected to the ground with a flexible joint. It is embedded inside the profile for a clean finish.

1. Galvanized Steel Square Hollow Profile (100x100mm) 2. New Post-Tensioned Concrete Slab (0.2 - 0.5m depth) 3. Galvanized steel concrete connection

+1.50M

STRUCTURE/CONCRETE CONNECTION 0mm

200

300

400

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

1. Galvanized Steel Square Hollow Profile (100x100mm) 2. Galvanized Steel HEB 100 Profile 3. Stainless Steel Tensegrity Cables (20mm diameter)) 4. Double Angle Cleat 5. Slide-on-wire canopy

+8.00M

UPPER CONNECTION 1:5 0mm

150

250

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

6. THE UPPER DECK / 3850 SQM

+4.00m +1.50m

GALVANIZED STEEL SECONDARY STRUCTURE WOODEN JOISTS & DECKING ~~~~

The Upper Deck is composed of three main layers. The Secondary structure provides support for the upper deck. Bracing is added horizontally between beams and vertically with diagonal ground connections and the wall. Its connection to the ground varys depending on the position. Wooden joists are then inserted to support the in-between spans, and then a White Oak decking is placed on top. Material: Galvanized steel structure with wooden joists and White Oak decking.

B DED

TIN GRA

E STE IZED

VAN GAL

KIN

DEC

AK TE O

OD WO

STS

JOI

ZED

E-

R CTU

TRU YS DAR

SEC

I VAN GAL

E STE

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

2. LOAD-BEARING - CONNECTION TO

1. LOAD-BEARING + CONNECTION TO

4. INDEPENDENT FROM DECKING &

DECKING

STUCTURE

DECKING 2a

1c + 3a

2c + 3a

4c 4c 2a 2a 2a 2a 2b 2b 2b 2e 2c 2c 2c 2c 2c 2c 2c 2c 2c

2c+3a 2c+3a

1c+3a

1c+3a 1c+3a

STRUCTURAL SPANS 0m

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The Upper Deck connects to the dividing wall in one of two ways. It differs depending on the type of wall it is.

11 9

6 18

12 2

17 15 14

1. Prefabricated Concrete Sandwich panel (500mm) 2. LED Embedded Lighting 3. Metallic Frame to Support Vegetation 4. LED Strip Lighting 5. Acoustic Insulation (100mm) 6. Wooden Joist 7. Thermal Acoustic Insulation (70mm) 8. Cross Laminated Timber Panel (60mm) 9. Metallic Hollow Grating (35mm) 10. Waterproof Membrane (5mm) 11. Self-tapping Screw 12. Cross Laminated Timber Angle Bracket 13. Neoprene Barrier (10mm) 14. Oriented Strand Board - OSB (20mm) 15. EDPM Rubber Layer 5mm 16. White Oak Decking (50mm) 17. Air Cavity 18. Galvanized HEB 160 Profile

+3.84M

UPPER DECK/CONCRETE WALL 1:10 0mm

100

300

500

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

210mm

110mm

70mm

1. Flower Bed Lining (Zinc sheet 5mm, Geotextile Layer 3mm, EDPM Rubber Layer 5mm) 2. Base Connection to Concrete (Metal plate 7mm, Neoprene layer, Steel supporting U Channel 4mm w/ Weather gaskets, expansion foam, Glass block mortar w/ steel rebars) 3. LED Illumination embedded in brick 4. Main Structural Channel (Rectangular Steel Profile 4mm, Structural support, Mastic seal to exterior) 5. Intermediary Structural Channel (Steel rebars, glass brick mortar, Expansion foam, Mastic seal to exterior) 6. Upper Connection to Upper Deck (Glass brick mortar w/ Steel rebars, Steel Supporting U Channel 4mm w/ Weather gaskets, Neoprene layer, Metal plate 7mm, Bolts)

+3.84M

UPPER DECK/GLASS BRICK WALL 1:10 0mm

100

300

500

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The Upper Deck is connected to the Primary Structure with flexible joints. They allow the structure to move which is important for the climate for which it is exposed too and use loads.

0.10 1

0.16

0.07

1. Galvanized Steel HEB 160 Profile 5. Joist Hanger 6. Galvanized Steel UPE 160 Profile 7. Beam Connection Plate (70 x 160mm) 8. Beam Connection Plate (160 x 160mm)

+4.00M

PRIMARY/SECONDARY STRUCTURE 1:5 0mm

150

250

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

0.16

1. Galvanized Steel HEB 160 Profile 3. Wooden Joists (60 x 160mm) 4. White Oak Decking (50mm) 5. Joist Hanger

+4.00

SECONDARY STRUCTURE/DECK 1:5 0mm

150

250

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

7. LGBT ASYLUM PROGRAM / 2350 SQM

+3.65m +1.50m

PREFABRICATED CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER UNITS WITH PLYWOOD FURNISHINGS ~~~~

constructively independent elements

The (Temporary) LGBT Asylum Seeker Arrival program is made up of prefabricated units. This is where the asylum seekers will spend their first month. Their constructive base is Cross-laminated Timber panels. Depending on the location of the specific program element, they are transported to the Port Wall and inserted by either sea or land. It occupies the left side of the wall gaining greater privacy which is important due to their vulnerability at this time. Material: Prefabricated cross-laminated timber, insulated wall layers with a oak cladding exterior finish. Interior floor finished with polished concrete & plywood built in furniture.

LTH HEA

TIO ODA

URE

DEC

ENT

OM ELC

LEIS

E OTH

NAL

LITI

I FAC

A RY

ORA

P TEM

M COM

TRE

CEN

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

3D PROGRAM UNITS 5 FISHERMAN

3 1

1. Personal Shading (zinc frame, textile shading) 2. Single Bed (Wooden bed frame, metallic bed posts) 3. Personal ceiling storage (20mm plywood) 4. Seating/Table (Double layer 20mm plywood, 10mm steel cable hung) 5. Furniture Pulley System 6. Upper Storage/service cavity 400mm 7. Passive Ventilation (zinc exhaust) 8. Personal Toilet 9. Personal Shower 10. Bathroom storage shelves 11. Entrance/Hallway (Pocket sliding door) 12. Personal Terrace

THE PREFAB UNIT 0m

0.2

0.8

1.2

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The prefabricated accommodation units provide all of the essentials for an arriving asylum seeker. They are private spaces where they will spend their first 30 days. Privacy is important at this time due to their initial vulnerable state.

Ceiling storage, seating & table

Sink & Storage

Personal shower & toilet

Private sleeping, interior & exterior space

The Prefab unit provides all the basics needed for the arriving asylum seeker

18 SQM

SINGLE PREFAB UNIT 1 PERSON 0m

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

Service ceiling with storage, seating & table

Double Sink & Storage shelves

Personal shower & toilet

OPTIONS Extra storage, cupboards, kitchenette

Private sleeping, interior & exterior space.

The Double unit provides all the basics needed for the arriving asylum seeker couple, or for those who prefer the company of others

36 SQM

DOUBLE PREFAB UNIT 2-3 PEOPLE 0m

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

8. FISHERMEN ARRIVAL DECK / 529 SQM

+3.65m +1.50m

CROSS-LAMINATED TIMBER UNITS WITH PLYWOOD FURNISHINGS ~~~~

The Fishermen arrival program is also made up of prefabricated units. These “huts” are a contemporary take on the traditional Balearic “casetas varadero” which serve as a place for local fishermen to arrive in their boats, store their equipment, and carry out their everyday activities. Also, the fishermen dock is a place that allows them to sell their catchof-the-day to locals and visitors. Concrete ramps are placed to connect this area to the Upper Deck.

Material: Prefabricated cross-laminated timber, insulated wall layers with a oak cladding exterior finish. Interior floor finished with polished concrete & plywood built in furniture.

ERM

H FIS

S HUT

RAM

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

THE COMPLETE SYSTEM The different layers all come together to form the complete constructive system of the Port Wall. The existing concrete caisson foundation is the end load bearing element for all parts of the wall. The Post-tensioned slab carries loads from the prefabricated LGBT and Fishermen programs to the foundation. The LGBT Program is held in cantilever over the water and posidonia below. These units are independent from the metallic structure.The Upper Deck can function without the program below it. The loads from the upper deck transfer to the foundation primary structure and dividing wall.

PASSIVE COOLING TECHNIQUES The air cavity between the unit and the upper deck provides a channel for air to ventillate through to the inner corridor. Therefore, the roof is constantly ventillated. Air vents will connect the interior of the units to the air cavity above. The units can be cooled from the breeze coming from the ocean which is very favorable for the hot summer months.

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

5. UPPER DECK

INDEPENDENCE cross ventillation - passive cooling of units

6 & 7. PROGRAM

4. WALL

+2.00m

3. LOWER DECK

1 & 2. EXISTING +1.00m

INSERTION OF UNITS 1:50 0m

0.5

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The prefabricated units are not joined to the metallic structure. The air cavity between the units and the upper deck is covered by a metallic grating to protect

from birds, and provides ventilation.

la venti tion

21 18 37 7 10

1. Galvanized Steel Rectangular Hollow Profile (100x160mm) 6. New Post-Tensioned Concrete Slab (0.2 - 0.5m depth) 7. Thermal Acoustic Insulation (70mm) 8. Cross Laminated Timber Panel (60mm) 9. White Oak Decking - Weather treated (20mm) 10. Waterproof Membrane (5mm) 11. Plastic Drainage plate (10mm) 14. Galvanized Zinc Gutter (4mm) 15. Self-tapping Screw 16. Cross Laminated Timber Angle Bracket 17. Neoprene Vapour Barrier (10mm) 18. Oriented Strand Board - OSB (20mm) 20. Aluminium Flush base Folding “nana” door 21. EDPM Rubber Layer 5mm 22. Aluminium Folding “nana” door Head 24. Double Glazed panes (4mm, 15mm (air), 4mm) 25. Concrete Compression Screed - Polished Finish (55mm) 27. Exterior Oak Cladding (10mm) 29. White Oak Decking (50mm) 37. Air Cavity

37 7 8

24 20

17 7 11

8 10 6

EXTERIOR FACADE 1:10 0mm

100

300

500

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

29 1

upper deck

la venti tion

10 16 27

26 27

24 19 20 25

17 7 8

10 11

INTERIOR FACADE 1:10 0mm

100

300

500

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

(c)

A JOURNEY THROUGH THE BREAKWARTER ~~~~

The following section of the book will describe the experience of Breakwater through the eyes of an LGBT Asylum Seeker, Arman, who has just completed the transition process. The documents used to describe Phase 1 of the project shows the Port Wall arfter a period of 5 years. (all heights consider 0m at sea-level)

~~~~

origin: IRAN reason for fleeing: War and in discrimination because of sexuality destination: Breakwater, Ibiza

ARMAN, 24, IRAN â&#x20AC;&#x153;I escaped from Iran 9 months ago. My unaccepting family left me with no choice but to flee. In Iran, its not possible to be openly gay. It is strictly criminilized and very dangerous to be so. Word spread in my town that I was a homosexual and I was receiving threats on a daily basis.I was working in a glass factory at the time in por conditions. It took months for me to save up the money to get a plane ticket to Turkey. My boyfriend was working in a town just south of Tehran. The plan was to flee together, to cross the border into Turkey which is easy for Iranians, and then plead asylum in Europeâ&#x20AC;?

3. TRANSITIONAL 90 - 180 days

SA PENYA Placa Sa Riba +1.50m

+11.00m

Breakwater Plaza +0.50m

+5.50m

Medical Centre +1.50m

2. TEMPORARY 7 - 30 days

Ferry Loading Dock +1.00m

Fishermen Deck +1.50m

D’

Arr. 2 Fishermen Arrival Deck

C’

B’ 1. ARRIVAL 72 hrs

A’

LGBT Temporary Program +1.50m

Arr. 1 LGBT Asylum Arrival Deck

+1.00M

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:1000 0m

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

1. ARRIVAL The Transition begin at the Port Wall.

“A couple of days after arriving in Turkey, we went down to the nearby Port. We had been told that there was a trip leaving to Spain within the next few days, stopping at a few islands on the way.

“The owner of the small boat told us that he was heading to the Breakwater in ibiza. He told us that we would be safe there, and that the people there could help us through our transition process and provide us with the security and support that we needed. We told him that we were in, and two days later we departed Turkey and our journey began.”

“Upon approaching Ibiza, we noticed the presence of a light structure, sitting at the front of capital. The sun was reflecting its turqouise colour in a way that it looked like a continuation of the ocean. As we got closer, we could see people standing on what looked like a wall.it was as if they were waiting for us to arrive.”

~~~~

IMAGE OF ARRIVAL

Mid-term model 1:500

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

1. ARRIVAL

2. TEMPORARY

“We arrived at the end of the Port Wall (1). It was a beauitful place. We didn’t feel observed, instead our arrival felt normal. Looking around, the turqouise blue porticos of the structure framed perfectly the silhouette of the Ibiza skyline. We noticed a lot of activity coming from the far end of the pier. It appeared to be a community of fishermen preparing for their morning trip.”

“As we entered the welcome centre we were directed towards the waiting area (2). We were surrounded by lush vegetation and had such a pituresque view over the ocean. The doors to the deck were open, and the cool breeze from the incoming waves felt so liberating.”

“After a short wait we were called to check-in (3). The process was relatively straight forward. A border control officer processed our initial paper work within an hour, and then we were told we would be in the “Arrival” stage for aprocimately 72 hours until the initial processing of the application was complete.

“We were led to our accommodation via the collection zone (5) where we had access to basic essentials that we couldn’t bring from Iran. As we walked down the corridor we noticed there was the Leisure Deck. We saw people like us for the first time enjoying the ocean and using the sauna (4). There was a communal laundry zone (6) and luscious gardens between the accomodation units. We stayed in one of the Double rooms (9a) at the end of the Port Wall.”

~~~~

Ferry Loading Dock +1.00m

D’

C’

Ramp Access to Upper deck +1.50m

8 3.00m

3.00m

B’

9a. 6.00m Public Garden area +1.50m

5 4

A’

Arr. 1

08.30-22.00 2

+1.50m

Egypt Syria Turkey Algeria Libya ....

+3.00M

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:300 0m

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The welcome centre cuts through the prefabricated wall leading the arriving asylum seekers from the arrival deck, through to the welcome centre, and out to the exterior deck that looks over the ocean and posidonia cultivations.

+8.00m

+1.50m

-1.00m -3.40m

-9.00m

Posidonia Cultivations -1.00m

// A JOURNEY THROUGH BREAKWATER

Breakwater

Leisure Deck +1.00m

LGBT Asylum Seeker Arrival Deck +1.50m

SECTION AAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:300 0m

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The dividing wall separates the two different spaces. One side is more public and the other is more private. This is important as during their first month the asylum seekers can be very vulnerable and initial privacy if favoured.

+9.50m

Upper Deck +5.50m

+5.50m

Communal Space +1.50m

+1.50m

Water Access

-1.00m

-1.60m

Protected Posidonia Cultivations -1.00m

// A JOURNEY THROUGH BREAKWATER

Central Corridor +1.50m

Laundry Room +1.50m

Public Space +1.50m

SECTION BBâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:50 0m

0.5

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

2. TEMPORARY

“We were in the Temporary stage for 26 days before receiving our initial application result. Some of our fellow asylum seekers were very sociable. We would meet people in the central corridor or in the communcal kitchens (10) where we would eat our meals in the sheltered exterior spaces.”

“We had access to bikes (11) which was a nice way to get to know the surroundings. There was also communal spaces to store our belongings (8)”.

“We felt connected to the outside but we also appreciated the privacy we had at this time. We were still in shock, and we knew we would enter the Transition phase soon where we would have countless opportunities to integrate with the locals. The tourists would arrive on the Upper Deck. In parts of the corridor they could see down to us, and we could see up to them.

~~~~

Ramp Access to Upper Deck +1.50m

11.

Fishermen Deck +1.50m

10.

D’

C’

Arr. 2

Arr. 3

Formentera (Nixe) 546 pp, 100 veh.

+3.00M

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:300 0m

Formentera,Denia (Ramon Llul) 477 pp. 90 veh.

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The cental corridor encourages interaction between asylum seekers. It is naturally lit by the open ceiling during the day and at nighttime the embedded LED lights in the concrete wall illuminate the space. It is an entirely exterior space. When its rains, the water drains through the wooden floor into the drainage pipes.

100

101

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

In some parts of the program the prefabricated

concrete

wall

has

embedded acoustic insulation. This is to prevent noise coming from the Port to the accommodation areas. The Upper Deck is an independent element with urban fixtures forming an extended viewpoint and public space.

Upper Deck +5.50m

+5.50m

6. PROGRAM

Single Unit +1.50m

3. WALL

Central Corridor +1.50m

+1.50m

2. LOWER DECK

-1.00m

102

5. UPPER DECK

4. PRIMARY STRUCTURE

Fishermen Dock +1.50m

1. FOUNDATION

SECTION DDâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:50 0m

0.5

103

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The Fishermen Dock is composed of many different uses. There are huts for the fishermen to perform their daily activities. Each fisherman has his own private boating slip which is supported in cantilever from the concrete slab. The whole dock is protected by movable, slideon-wire canopies. On the far side is the Ferry dock. The tourists disembark on the Upper Deck level.

104

// A JOURNEY THROUGH BREAKWATER

105

106

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The two sides of the dividing wall boast very different natural situations. On the left the seabed lies low at only 1m below sea-level. This makes it easy to enjoy time in the water and grow the posidonia. On the right side of the wall there is a different condition with the seabed level much deeper for the port activity. The Port Wall preserves this natural condition.

+8.00m

+1.50m -1.00m Posidonia Cultivations -1.00m

-7.90m

108

// A JOURNEY THROUGH BREAKWATER

Tourist Arrival Deck +5.50m

Public Space/Gardens +1.50m

SECTION CCâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:300 0m

109

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

The Port Wall has a subtle but impacting presence when seen from the inner Port of Ibiza. The built program doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t rise above the height of the existing, exposed part of the Port Wall. The structure changes the way the landscape of perceived. It is painted in a turqouise blue which blends into the sea of Ibiza.

+9.50m

+1.50m 0.00m Asylum Seeker Welcome +1.50m

-6.60m

-12.00m

110

Ramp to Upper Deck +1.50m

Ferry Goods Loading deck +1.00m

// A JOURNEY THROUGH BREAKWATER

Vehicle Loading deck +1.00m

Breakwater

PORT WALL ELEVATION EEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:500 0m

111

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

2. TEMPORARY

“During our stay, we had access to top medical professionals in the Medical Centre (13), and we still have access to it today even though our transition is complete. The Port Wall has 24/7 security and at nighttime the gates are completely closed (12).”

“The access to the Asylum Seeker side of the Port Wall is discrete (15). A plant lined corridor is sandwiched between two walls made from glass bricks leads you in to the central corridor. The translucency provides a semi-private situation in which you can only see the silhouettes of the people passing by. There is a double ramp which connects the Lower Deck with the Upper Deck. You can see ramp even from the end of the pier as it is a continuation of the corridor. The perspective is beautiful, especially at night when the glass is illuminated.”

The Placa Sa Riba is always full of life (16). It is sunken from the traffic level and Lower Deck. At the weekends, there is a local hippie market which attracted many tourists at a time. On these days we noticed an increased curiosity about our presence.”

“There is a public square at the connection with the existing viewpoint of Sa Penya (14). As you are approaching the Port Wall from the redesigned Placa sa Riba (16), you are led up the steps into this space and on the other side the steps lead you down to the ocean. We noticed that this space was often filled with tourists.”

~~~~

112

+11.00m

NY A/

EIV IS S

+1.00m

16.

+0.50m

+5.50m

14.

UP RD PE

K EC

15.

10.00-23.00

Access road for Loading/ Unloading goods +1.00m

13.

12.

+3.00M

GROUND FLOOR PLAN 1:300 0m

113

Breakwater

PHASE 1: PORT //

2. TEMPORARY

3. TRANSITIONAL

“After a period of 1 month we received the initial application result. This meant that we could be moved to the Transitional phase which would last up to 6 months until the final verdict of our status in Spain was determined.”

114

// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING

115

116

6 PHASE 2: Sa Penya

a. Strategy & 5-Year Implementation Plan

117

Breakwater

118

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

OCCUPATION: TRANSITIONAL / PERMANENT

2.1 Allocation of existing urban fabric to Fishermen + benefits

2.2 Provision of basic infrastructure & services to neighbourhood

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2.3 Gradual Insertion of LGBT Asylum Seeker Transitional Program

NEIGHBOUHOOD

119

Breakwater

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

(a)

STRATEGY & 5-YEAR IMPLEMENTATION ~~~~

Phase 2 inhabits the existing residential and natural condition of Sa Penya. It deals with the temporary phase that arrivals go through between arrival and integration. Its condition as a neighbourhood allows for the introduction of new demographics. It does this by taking advantage of empty buildings and reforming them. Phase 2 also improves the local residential and public condition of Sa Penya which is necessary in order to cope the new incoming populations.Basic infrastructure needs to be provided. These will be in the form of small-scale interventions. The Fishermen will move into the neighbourhood in housing spread all over Sa Penya. Then during their Transition Stage of the program, the LGBT Asylum Seekers will be inserted. Throughout the 5-Year implementation the amount of tourists entering the neighbourhood will gradually rise but at a steady pace not to provoke sudden counter-reactions by the residents. By inserting new populations of people it will open the neighbourhood up over time, and reconnect it to the islands economy.

~~~~

THE PORT WALL

THE EXISTING

INDEPENDENT

THE NATURAL

3.84m 3.84m

3.84 - 8.00m 3.84 - 8.00m

8.00m 8.00m

0.50m 0.50m

3.84m

0.10m 0.10m

3.84 - 8.00m 3.84 - 8.00m

14.00 - 22.00m 14.00 - 22.00m

0.80 - 5.00m 0.80 - 5.00m

PHASE 1: PORT

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2.85 - 18.00m

BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING URBAN FABRIC 3.00 - 6.00m

3.00 - 6.00m

A series of small-scale interventions that build onto existing situations in order to improve the residential condition.

120

// STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

2.1

Total existing footprint: 15,000m2 Total to remove:

20% 2.5% decalred “ruin” 7% min. abandoned 10% max. addiontal removal Total remaining footprint: 12,493m2

2.1 POTENTIAL BUILDINGS TO REMOVE The condition of the existing urban fabric in Sa Penya varies from being reasonably maintained and occupied to being abandoned or in ruin. The dense distribution of buildings makes it difficult to penetrate the neighbourhood. Its laborinthial characteristic helps build the essence of Sa Penya. Therefore by carefully selecting a minimal proportion of buildings in bad condition and removing them, the neighbourhood becomes more accessible from the outside, but still keeping its narrow street “charm”.

121

Breakwater

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

2.1

95.5% Locals 4.5% Fishermen

2.2 ACUPUNCTUAL INSERTION OF FISHERMEN The Fishermen are offered reformed accommodation in Sa Penya. Their allocated housing will be within the existing buildings and they will be living amongst the residents of Sa Penya. They will be inserted acupunctually to create a gradual and widespread immserion of this returning demographic. By moving back into the neighbourhood, Fishermen will have access to some benefits. Firstly, rent prices will be very low compared to the rest of the city and also their new home will come with their own unit and slip on the Fishermen Deck on the Port Wall.

122

// STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2.1

2.2

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

2.3

92% Locals 4.5% Fishermen 3.5% Asylum Seekers

2.3 ACCUPUNCTURE INSERTION OF LGBT ASYLUM In the 3rd year of the Breakwater intervention cycle, the LGBT Asylum Seekers will be inserted acupunctually for the Transitional stage. The neighbourhood and its residents would have already had 3 years of experience of coexisting with fishermen and also a gradual increasing presence of tourists. They would have also taken part in many community workshops and therefore it is supposed that the integration of asylum seekers will not so challenging for the residents of Sa Penya. Like the Fishermen, their housing units will be located in existing buildings and spread out the whole neighbourhood to encourage a gradual integration.

123

Breakwater

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

BEFORE

INFORMAL LAND-USE 2008

AFTER

ABANDONED CENTRE POLIVALENT 2011

REJECTING GENTRIFICATION BY EMBRACING THE NEIGHBOURHOOD There have been many attempts to improve the neighbourhood of Sa Penya by providing new uses for the land. These come as part of the PEPRI (PLAN ESPECIAL DE PROTECCIÃ&#x201C; I REFORMA INTERIOR DE SA PENYA LA MARINA) however many of these interventions have been rejected by the neighbours. The residents need basic infrastructure and when it is not provided they have grown comfortable with informally using the land to what they need.

124

// STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION

BEFORE

STREET ACTIVITY 1960â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s

AFTER

STREET ACTIVITY 2011

ENCOURAGING STREET LEVEL COMMERCE (NOT DRUGS) Before the 1960s in Sa Penya, the fishing and trade culture led to street level commerce in the neighbourhood. In recent times, this activity has diminished and turned into an illicit economy of drug commerce at street level.

125

Breakwater

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2.1

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

2.2

1. THE ADD-ON

SA PENYA

~~~~

1. THE SHOWER TOWER The Shower Tower provides the neighbourhood of Sa Penya with much needed infrastructure. It stores water for the whole neighbourhood and distrubutes it in pipes on top of the existing buildings. They are located at the centre of existing squares becoming new nodes of activity where locals can come, socialize with others and even take showers instead of breaking water hydrants to wash.

126

yr 5.

// STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2.1

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

2.2

THE ADD-ON

2. THE ADD-ON The Add-On is reminiscent of the process of self-construction that currently occurs in the neighbourhood. It clings onto the existing building providing the residents of Sa Penya with much needed exterior space. Its implementation is flexible but regulated, eliminating the controversies of constructing illegally in the neighbourhood but preserving its essence.

127

Breakwater

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2.1

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

2.2

~~~~

3. THE CLIFF-STEP The Cliff-Step provides access from the neighbourhood to sea level. It is built into the cliff, and supported in cantilever. This aims to provide new recreational possibilities for the residents of Sa Penya. It has extended platforms that span over the ocean below, becoming attraction points for locals from others areas of Ibiza and tourists.

128

yr 5.

// STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION

LOCAL CONDITION TOURISTIC CONDITION LGBT ASYLUM CONDITION

yr 1.

PHASE 2: SA PENYA

2.1

yr 2.

yr 3.

yr 4.

yr 5.

2.2

4. THE SIDE-STEP The Side-Step is built on the exposed facades of the existing buildings. They can occur in the newly created gaps in the neighbourhood where buildings existed before. They provide access for residents of upper floors to street level as well as providing a structure for vegetation to grow. They create channels of green throughout the neighbourhood.

129

Breakwater

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

Each intervention will be implemented at different times over a period of many years depending on the needs of the neighbourhood and its residents.

3. THE CLIFF-STEP

+11.50m

+0.50m

+0.50m +5.50m

130

+36.40m

Eâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1. SHOWER TOWER

+12.40m

2. ADD-ON

+10.40m

+4.40m

4. SIDE -STEP

EXAMPLE CITY PLAN 1:600 0m

E 131

Breakwater

PHASE 2: SA PENYA //

The interventions will have power to change

the

way

the

residents

live

neighbourhood. The main activity at street level will be mixed, depending on how the individual wishes to occupy it. Locals from other parts of the city and visitors to the island will be able to walk through the neighbourhood as it will be more open.

GREEN-CUTS Installing urban gardens between remaining buildings

+1.00m

132

4. THE SIDE-STEP Wall-mounted access to upper floors

// STRATEGY & IMPLEMENTATION

1. THE SHOWER TOWER Providing much needed infrastructure and communal spaces

+36.40m 2. THE ADD-ON Providing exterior space to existing residents

CAR-PARK Converting the Centre Polivant back to its original use informal use.

+29.00m

+12.40m +10.40m +7.40m

CITY SECTION EEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; 1:400 0m

133

134

PHASE 3: Eivissa

a. Ibiza through the Eyes of the Tourist

b. Constructing a New Image of Ibiza

135

Breakwater

136

PHASE 3: EIVISSA //

EFFECT: LONG-TERM

3.1 Building and Constructing a new image of Ibiza Town

3.2 Attraction of locals and visitors to a previously sparse, industrial area

PHASE 3: EIVISSA CITY

3.3 Attention and Love given to Sa Penya, embracing it as a neighbourhood

CITY +2.00M

UPPER DECK PLAN 1:1000

137

Breakwater

PHASE 3: EIVISSA //

(b)

IBIZA THROUGH THE EYES OF THE TOURIST ~~~~

The current image of Ibiza is an accumulation of many different symbols that have represented the island in the past. Its identity has been forever changing due to the different migrating populations and visitors to the island. Ibiza has attempted to rebrand itself many times in the past and the strategy taken has always been the critical position between what the tourists are looking for and what is good for the island. WHAT TOURISTS DESIRE

THE GOOD OF THE ISLAND

The image of Ibiza from the outside has also faced a gradual transition in the past 90 years from being focused on the culture and activity of the locals to the leisure and party culture that the island can offer tourists. This is visible in various postcards and images from different periods. It is possible to identity when the changes happened and how the island seen from the external viewpoint. Local Culture

Tourist Culture

1930s

NOW

~~~~

138

// IBIZA THROUGH THE EYES OF THE TOURIST

“Pareja Tipica”. Postcard from Ibiza, 1930s

“Cap Quadrat”. Postcard from Ibiza, 1991

139

Breakwater

PHASE 3: EIVISSA //

PRE-1960s “L’illa Blanca” The White Island was one of the first touristic imaginieries of Ibiza. The “whiteness” identifies the the island as being the “Mediterranean Dream”.1 The term was coined by Santiago Rusinol, a Spanish painter and poet who first visited the island in 1912. He was inspired by the landscape of Ibiza and used the term “The White Island” in a few poems and narratives. It created such a powerful image of the island from the outside that the Ibiza Mayor ordered that new construction on the island need to be painted white, as well as the facades of old buildings.2

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“Un rincon tipico de “Sa Penya””. Postcard from Ibiza, 1955

“From Ibiza where I’m spending my holidays. I send you my thoughts. The weather is marvellous, and we are having a great time of it by swimming and sailing with really nice people. Yours sincerely”

PRE-1960s INTEREST LOCAL CULTURE & ACTIVITES Ibiza became popular amongst intellectuals and artists. People were visiting the island to get a sense of the local culture and to capture its essence in photography, art and literature. The visitors would interact with locals, and learn about the local agriculture and fishing culture.

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Crowds arriving in Port dâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;Eivissa, 1950s.

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Hippies with locals in Sa Penya, 1960s.

Hippies at cafe in Ibiza Town. 1960s.

1960s-70s FREE LIFESTYLE, LIVING AMONGST LOCALS The image of Ibiza painted by the artists and intellectuals attracted crowds to the island. Free spirited people saw the laid-back and pure lifestyle the island had to offer and many migrated to the island. The artists left slowly due to the over crowding. The new hippy culture on the island constructed a new image of the Island from the outside. People saw that the island was free from rules and sexually liberal. The images of Ibiza seen from this time represent this lifestyle and shows them living among the locals in peace and respect.

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Amnesia Postcard, 1990s.

Party from the 1980s. Sa Penya.

1980s-90s FOCUS ON THE SOCIAL, PARTY SCENE The free-minded, open lifestyle that the hippies carved out for the island saw a huge influx of visitors to the island. Everybody wanted a piece of what Ibiza had to offer. The electronic music scene and mega-clubs started to open and it became the party island. The image from the outside of the island drastically changed. Tourists were generally no longer seeking the local culture, or even integrating with locals. They were focusing and seeing what the island has to offer in terms of party and the social scene.

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Postcards from souvenir shop, Ibiza town.

1990s - PRESENT SUPERFICIAL VIEW OF IBIZA If you walk around Ibiza nowadays searching for a postcard of the true essence of the island, you will have a hard time finding one. The majority of mainstream postcards sent out from Ibiza convey false or superficial realities of Ibiza, and of what it has become as a mass-tourist destination. You may find one postcard showcasing the local culture, amongst 8 others showing the touristic culture.

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(b)

CONSTRUCTING A NEW IMAGE FOR IBIZA ~~~~

Breakwater will create a new, integrative brand for Ibiza. It will focus on preserving the interest in local culture from the tourism before the 1960s and also embrace the free-lifestyle of Ibiza and the locals acceptance of the incoming. The postcards will always showcase a typical panorama of Ibiza Town with something representative of what will be happening after the intervention of Breakwater. Some will also showcase the transitional nature of Breakwaterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s program, others will show the integration of visitors into the neighbourhood of Sa Penya. The general conception of these postcards is that Ibiza is a safe and welcoming place for all.

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EMBRACING THE LOCALS, PROTECTING THE INCOMING

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// BUILDING ONTO THE EXISTING // CONSTRUCTING A NEW IMAGE OF IBIZA

Your safe-haven awaits you

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Relax, enjoy, and embrace the newcomers

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Discover the otherside of Ibiza

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“Ibiza will be Earth’s final refuge”

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I would like to thank my friends and and family for supporting me always and getting me through this process.

and to the Faculty and my colleagues at IE University for making the past 5 years such an enjoyable experience.

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