Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018 by Jenya Bobkova

SPATIAL MORPHOLOGY DESIGN STUDIO 2018 FINAL REPORT

Colophon

Chalmers University of Technology Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering

Course coordinator:

Spatial Morphology Group (SMoG) https://www.smog.chalmers.se/

Examiners:

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018 ARK 142

Meta Berghauser Pont

Lars Marcus Meta Berghauser Pont Tutors:

Studio participants: Giulia Bortolozzo Marc Délez Anton Edberg Bo Han Lisa Hofbauer Stella-Marie Krex Silvia Orrego-Briceño Jan Sahlberg Amanda Sahlén Lisbet Simoens Athulya Sunil Kumar Qianqian Yu Alice Örnö Ax

Gianna Stavroulaki Henrik Markhede Evgeniya Bobkova Kailun Sun

Guest lecturers: Per Haupt, Norrköping municipality/BTH Blekinge Lukas Memborn, Gothenburg municipality Ann Legeby, KTH Stockholm Eva Minoura, Spacescape AB Jakub Dvorak, AF consultants Claes Caldenby, Chalmers

Contents

Introduction

Group 1 The Biophilic city - Gothenburg 7 General context 8 Spatial analysis 10 Masterplan 18 Key projects 28 Connecting Gothenburg (Jan Sahlberg) 30 Transflux - Gullbergsvass (Athulya Sunil Kumar) 42 Urban transition (Guilia Bortolozzo) 54 Beating Spot (Qianqian Yu) 74 Towards the river (Lisa Hofbauer) 88 Group 2 Weaving Hisingen 99 Vision 100 Design Methods 102 Submaps 104 Structural plan 106 Key projects overview 107 Key projects Hjalmar Brantingsgatan United (Alice Orno Ax) Lindhamnens boulevard (Stella-Marie Krex) Hisingen square (Amanda SahlĂŠn) Brantingsstaden (Anton edberg) Green connection (Lisbet Simoens) Harbour creative art district (Bo Han) Bridgedhamnen (Marc DĂŠlez)

108

118 128 140 146 158 170

INTRODUCTION

Current global urbanization processes put acute pressure on urban and ecological systems. This has been articulated in UN sustainable development goals and specified in UN-Habitat’s 5 principles for sustainable urban development. On a national level, Sweden is in the middle of an exceptional attempt to build 700.000 housing units until 2025, which has the potential to redirect Swedish cities into more sustainable trajectories. The challenge is not only how to accomplish this, but also to determine which qualities we want to see emerge, which puts unprecedented expectations on urban planning and design and brings knowledge demands that these practices currently not always are well prepared for. This book presents the results of the SMoG Design Studio 2018 where students, in teams, developed two alternative Masterplans (Generalplan or Structural Vision) for Älvstaden (RiverCity Gothenburg). Within the framework of these Masterplans students have individually designed urban key-projects that play a central role for the realisation of these Masterplans.

Central to the studio are theories and methods in analytical Urban Morphology, especially network analysis (Space Syntax) and density analysis (Spacematrix), used to arrive at what can be called an evidence-based-design methodology.

create an inclusive, green and dynamic city. The objective is to build a total of 25,000 new apartments and 45,000 new workplaces. The students were asked to develop a contemporary masterplan using an analytic approach as described above.

The studio was organised around a sequence of connected workshops, laboratories in GIS, lectures, literature seminars and a design studio. Workshops gave room for experiments, lectures transferred knowledge and offered inspiration, laboratories in GIS gave the technical knowhow to conduct advanced spatial analysis, literature seminars deepened the understanding and critical reading of theories and methods available, and the design project synthesised all of this.

Urban design project (individual key-project)

Thematically the studio focused on the social sustainability agenda. People sharing public space (i.e. co-presence) is key to many social and economic processes in cities, both positive (e.g. urban vitality) and negative (e.g. social segregation). Through a better understanding of the relation between urban form and co-presence, the students developed masterplans and key project that directly engaged with some of these processes.

SMoG Design Studio

During the second half of the studio, individual key-projects were developed. The projects should in a convincing way demonstrate that it helps realising the visions set out in the masterplan. Three questions were central throughout the design process. First, how is location created through spatial configuration and accessibility? Second, how can you best realize the full potential of such a location by means of different building typologies, constituted by fundamental measures of density? Third, which program can fit the location based on both density and centrality? After formulating the main problem of the site and the objectives based on the masterplan, a hypothesis was formulated to set the direction of the project. The design process was an iterative design-analysis loop where different design solutions were tested and evaluated using analytical tools.

Masterplan Rivercity Ävstaden (group work) The main goal of the SMoG Design Studio is to strengthen students’ understanding of how urban form provides a framework and creates conditions for social and environmental processes in cities. A side effect is that the studio can contribute both to the discussion in Gothenburg about the future direction of The RiverCity and to the professional discussion of how such a plan could be developed.

During the first weeks of the studio a master plan for the RiverCity (Älvstaden) was developed. A masterplan is a document that guides the physical development of a larger urban area, in this case the area along both sides of the river in central Gothenburg. The RiverCity is one of the largest urban development projects in Scandinavia with the aim to

We hope this book can inspire professionals, teachers and students working with urban development projects.

Meta Berghauser Pont and Lars Marcus Gothenburg, June 2018

GROUP 1 THE BIOPHILIC CITY - GOTHENBURG

General context Spatial analysis Masterplan

Key projects: Connecting Gothenburg Transflux - addressing flood issue Urban Transition Beating Spot Towards the river

Jan Sahlberg Athulya Sunil Kumar Guilia Bortolozzo Qianqian Yu Lisa Hofbauer Silvia Orrego Briceno

GENERAL CONTEXT

River City Gothenburg River City Gothenburg has always opened up opportunities for architects and urban designers to experiment. It has always been green and dynamic which welcomes people towards its beauty. However, the river and the surroundings has lot of barriers which restricts the development and the flow of people to a certain extent.

Another major issue of Gothenburg city is the continuously rising water level and flood issues most of the major development happening in the flood zone areas can be a failure later on. In short analyzing the city in terms of its barriers, flood and other climatic problems are necessary to arrive at a solution.

Strategies have to be developed to improve its strength in terms of its potential and problems caused due to the barriers. Considering the fact that the city is continuously changing and there are a lot of new proposal coming up in the city which also has consequences in the surrounding areas of the development.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

1000

2000 m

Legend Area of Intense Public Use Commercal Incubator Area Boulevard Main Connection Green Area Public Shoreline Flooding Area

General context

SPATIAL ANALYSIS | Centrality

Integration- 16 steps Space syntax analysis network configuration

Compared to the current situation a well connected Gothenburg city with unique identities can be seen after doing the analysis of the proposal.

Our proposal is making a big difference for the area around Lindholmen. The continuation of the current boulevard and the bridge connections to northern part of Gothenburg creates a new strong interlink The aim of the proposal (overcoming the barriers) are seen very well integrated with the current masterplan. The centrality is strengthened by the new bridges and prolonged links Boulevard connections, the boulevards in the proposal that is connecting the west-east parts of the city are seen integrated well with the surroundings. The proposal acts as a catalyst which makes the in-active spaces more active.

Legend BTW 5000 Old AND New Scale 1:20000 A3

Betweenness 5000m 0.000 - 0.029 0.029 - 0.150 0.150 - 1.000

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

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Legend Network Integration 16 steps Old AND New Scale 1:20000 A3

Integration Integration1616steps steps

0.230.23-0.57 - 0.57 0.570.57-0.68 - 0.68 0.680.68-0.75 - 0.75 0.75 0.75-0.81 - 0.81 0.81 - 0.88 0.88 - 0.96 0.96Biophilic - 1.10 City - Gothenburg

Spatial analysis

1000

2000 m

SPATIAL ANALYSIS | Centrality

Betweenness The importance given to pedestrians can be clearly seen in the betweenness analysis. The paths highlighted in the riverfront can be used as a regular shortest path to travel along the banks.

There are several local paths through the developed areas which makes the pedestrian flow easier. The bridges enables paths through main connection. Connecting the neighborhood outside the center is achieved.

1000

2000 m

Legend BTW 5000 Old AND New Scale 1:20000 A3

Legend N Scale 1:2

Betweenness 5000m

Betweenness 5000m 0.0000-0.029 0.000 - 0.029 0.029-0.150 0.029 - 0.150 0.150-1.000 0.150 - 1.000 12

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

Spatial analysis

1000

2000 m

SPATIAL ANALYSIS | Density and typology

The aim has been to specify a flexible density within a range in order to moderate building heights according to the exiting typologies, proposed network structure and land use.

Examples of applied density index to typologies Area A has a big range of open space ratio (OSR). It provide a potential for mix use and flexible typologies.

The master plan specify the density in four category, A-D, for the areas of Frihamnen, Lindholms Allé, Ringön and Gulbergsvass.

Area B can result in a 50/50% coverage between density and open space. Or a coverage with a higher density relative to the OSR.

Density is calculated by block size given by the perimeter of the blocks defined in the flexible structure (white grid on the master plan). For others parts of the masterplan density is determined and subordinated to the main street network, boulevards and main structure.

0,60

Area C can result in low density with big open spaces, to blocks structures with quite define area of open space. Area D example of typology adjust to exiting conditions on Ringön.

0,55 0,50

0,45

0,40 0,35

Legend Category density

The spacematrix model shows the relation between the density parameters FSI (floor space index) GSI (ground space index) and OCR (open space ratio) Berghauser Pont and Haupt (2004)

D D

C D

0,65

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

2000 m

Density

MASTERPLAN

category A: FSI: 2.0 - 6.0 GSI: 0.31-0.60 pedestrian and bicycle bridges main connection Level: 4ferry-10 lines streets and main bridge Network and links

main connection renewed street

streets bridge

category B: FSI: 1.20 - 2.00 GSI: 0.30 - 0.65 Level: 5 - 9

Public areas FLEXIBLE

boulevard

FIXED STRUCTURE

al and commercial

1000

Ringön (D)

Green structure

Spatial analysis

Density

new green area (parks, recreation, promenades)

residential area industrial area low intensity workshops

mix use area - residential work space offices retail

areas of public use intensity plazas

existing green area

offices shops retail restaturants service

mix use area - residential and commercial

(B)

Lindholms Allé (A)

(A)

category C: FSI: 1.00 - 1.85 GSI: 0.20 - 0.50 Level: 3 - 6 category D: FSI: 0.5 - 0.6 GSI: 0.25 - 0.65 Level: 2 - 4

Land use

shoreline public water front shoreline public space flooding area

commercial and activities - cultural recreation sports area areas of transformation small scale developmentet

mix use integrated boulevard retail, public service, instituitons incubator areas commercial

category A: FSI: 2.0 - 6.0 GSI: 0.31-0.60 Level: 4 -10 category B: FSI: 1.20 - 2.00 GSI: 0.30 - 0.65 Level: 5 - 9

Ringön (D) (B)

Lindholms Allé (A)

(A)

category C: FSI: 1.00 - 1.85 GSI: 0.20 - 0.50 Level: 3 - 6 category D: FSI: 0.5 - 0.6 GSI: 0.25 - 0.65 Level: 2 - 4

Gullbergsvass Frihamnen (C)

SPATIAL ANALYSIS | Attractions

Attraction reach existing - Population and Workplaces 2Km The 2Km attraction reach analysis of population shows active and in-active spaces in and around Gothenburg city. From this analysis the places we are concentrating more are Ringon, Gullbersvass, Lindholmen and Frihamnen where the population are seen much lesser than the other areas.

Most of these places are in-active due to the lack of mixed use options. These areas are mostly having small industries, Commercial areas, educational institutions etc. The lack of housing options in these spaces leads to a situation where people go there only for specific purposes. One of the major aim of co-presence is an inevitable part to achieve in these areas because of the lack of infrastructure.

Attraction reach - Population_2 Km

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

1000

2000 m

Attraction reach - Work places_2 km 0 -11623 11623 - 45853 45853 - 93600

Spatial analysis

MASTERPLAN | Vision

Biophilic City Gothenburg Gothenburg city has always had a vision of embracing the water and achieve a strong connection within the city. The River city project was one of the largest programs in Scandinavia which is intended to bring in the above qualities. This project has an aim of providing maximum flexibility in terms of planning and execution.

importance to vehicles, pedestrians, and bikes. As far as connection is considered adding a catalyst to all the in-active areas by carefully analyzing all the properties of the area with the help of space syntax analysis is one major aspect. ‘The river’ which acts as a backbone to the city need to be considered while designing. Activating the river banks by including accessibility along the river and including multifunctional zone dominates the river on its own.

‘Accepting the barriers’ but still trying to regain the lost connectivity makes this project unique in its own way. The first stepping stone to the design idea involved from understanding the strong axes connecting across the river and also how these axes can be connected with a spine. ‘Spine’ is a coordination part of the design, a boulevard street which gives equal

The inspiration for ‘Biophilic city’ came from ‘The resilient river project’, Minneapolis. The entire river bank is converted into an eco zone which connects the city to the river. The ‘Dry-Line’ flood protective infrastructure in New york city is also another inspiration for our approach towards a Biophilic city.

Reference: from municipality

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

Preserving the key identities that can be seen in different places of Gothenburg is another vision of this masterplan. The diverse and unique identities itself make the city resilient in many manner.

Vision

MASTERPLAN | Design Process

Barriers as highways, train tracks and the river create a fragmented city and allow rarely easy access to the waterfront. Changing the highways into low speed streets with crossings on street level for pedestrians and bikes, moving the cargo train tracks outside of the city and dealing with bridging the river allowed the idea of a biophilic city to move forward. The first stepping stone to the design idea involved from understanding the strong north-south axes connecting across the river and also how these axes can be connected with each other through a main green street, the boulevard.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The next steps were testing main connections and different proposals for bridges across the river with Space Syntax Analysis, finding green spots in the city and connecting them with the green boulevard and by developing new green areas, analysing the flooding situation and the affected riverfront, locating important crossings and investigating the identities of the areas in order to develop and densify them further. The green boulevard gives equal importance to vehicles, pedestrians, and bikes. As far as connection is considered adding a catalyst to all the in-active areas.

The Biophilic City

Testing the results of connections, especially bridges across GĂśta Ă&#x201E;lv through Space Syntax Analysis.

11 bridges

important streets, boulevard, proposed bridges and ferry connections, the accessible riverwalk

removing 3 bridges

the green line including the parks and boulevard, parts of the riverfront affected by flooding, existing and newly proposed squares located at important crossings

dealing with bridges

Design Process

reducing the number of proposed bridges but keeping the connections across the river through ferries

MASTERPLAN | Structural plan

The potential green areas near to the development area gives a strong connection with nature and built environment.

Detail plan and reasoning The vision of biophilic city is clearly conveyed in the masterplan. It shows the general information on flood zone and Green areas around the city. Mixed use including restaurants, café areas etc along the boulevard makes the space more active and more public will have the accessibility to these public spaces.

Main Boulevard connecting all the development area and also the axes leading the way to the river. The pathways in masterplan defines the importance given to pedestrian lanes in the proposal.

The Land use in masterplan are divided as residential, offices, mixed use, recreational etc. There are fixed and flexible structure in the proposal which gives a vivid opportunity to develop the areas.

MASTERPLAN Network and links

pedestrian and bicycle bridges ferry lines streets bridge

FLEXIBLE

main connection streets and main bridge main connection renewed street

Public areas FIXED STRUCTURE

boulevard

Green structure

Land use

Density

shoreline public water front shoreline public space flooding area

new green area (parks, recreation, promenades)

residential area industrial area low intensity workshops

mix use area - residential work space offices retail

areas of public use intensity plazas

existing green area

offices shops retail restaturants service

mix use area - residential and commercial

commercial and activities - cultural recreation sports area areas of transformation small scale developmentet

mix use integrated boulevard retail, public service, instituitons incubator areas commercial

category A: FSI: 2.0 - 6.0 GSI: 0.31-0.60 Level: 4 -10 category B: FSI: 1.20 - 2.00 GSI: 0.30 - 0.65 Level: 5 - 9

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

(B)

Lindholms Allé (A)

(A)

category C: FSI: 1.00 - 1.85 GSI: 0.20 - 0.50 Level: 3 - 6 category D: FSI: 0.5 - 0.6 GSI: 0.25 - 0.65 Level: 2 - 4

Ringön (D)

Gullbergsvass Frihamnen (C)

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

600

Structural plan

1500 m

MASTERPLAN | Submaps

Fragmented city barriers The boulevard is one of the important entity in the master plan which is proposed next to the current highway which is going to be a major access road in the city.

The maps also shows the barriers in terms of areas, car lanes, traffic lines etc this explains the depth of the problem and also shows the potential the city provides once it is removed. Exploring these issues leaves some us with some solutions which can be taken along while designing the masterplan and individual project.

Slowing down the current traffic on the highway can be made into practice if this boulevard is introduced which eventually helps in making the highway crossable without any barriers and the general public will be able to connect with the river easily. The sub maps explaining circulation situations while slowing down the traffic elaborates the current situations and how this can overcome by the masterplan proposal.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

Legend Highway infrastructure Railway City segmentation

Urban rules

MASTERPLAN | Urban sections and submap

The urban sections show the landscape changes once the main city barriers are overcome. This is especially the example of the reconverted highways where the street segment becomes more pedestrian friendly and open the view. In the following sections the city is shown with the new urban development.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

1000

2000 m

From the vision to the masterplan structure. The structure is physically translated in the city showing aims and purposes: defining the main connections from the inner neighborhoods to the riverside in order facilitate the riverside accessibility. Unifying both riversides making them attractive as a continuous path along the river. Connections (through bridges or ferry boat) linking strategic points of the city. Last but not least, defining the boulevards which will function as the horizontal city links. They will contain the most relevant lines of the public transport as well as wide bicycles and pedestrian lanes.

Legend

Urban rules

Connection Along River Connection to Riverfront Public Riverfront Connection over River

MASTERPLAN | Green strategy and fixed structure

The masterplan green structure is mainly addressing two topics: the first one is dealing with the flooding potential problem along the river. The idea is to create a buffer zone with the built environment where nature can help limiting and protecting from the water. The second principles is to create green areas to balance the new dwelling development in terms of density and green accessibility.

Legend

Green Area Public Shoreline Flooding Area

The fixed structure is here highlighted and it consists in the main axis and connections. This is the part which cannot be changed and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s not negotiable. The river connections have different characters: some of them are actually bridges and others consist on ferry-boats connections.

Legend Boulevard Main Connection Public Shoreline

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City - Gothenburg

1000

2000 m

The map shows how the strategies for the fixed structure and the green merge together. Moreover, some other important points are highlighted along the boulevard and in the riverside. As the boulevard are supposed to attract the investments and the commercial activities, the big yellow circles on the map are thought as the incubators of the commercial activities. Those are the strategic places where the commercial activities should first start to concentrate and from where they should start to spread. The smaller pink circles are highlighting where important public spaces should position in the masterplan. Those are in relevant and qualitative position in the city.

Legend Area of Intense Public Use Commercal Incubator Area Boulevard Main Connection Green Area Public Shoreline Flooding Area

Urban rules

CONNECTING GOTHENBURG JAN SAHLBERG The project connects the current Gothenburg with the northern new developments. To do this in a good way the train station and the bus terminal has to be remodeled.

Final proposal 0

120

300 m

Predicted movement enables a pedestrian exclusive street through the center from the station up to a square. The square acts as a congregation point where movement slows down and changes direction. The intersection and the square is further marked with a taller landmark building. A lateral pedestrian street goes through Nordstan and passes the station. It ends at the eastern part of the station and the entrance to the park. Most of the offices have 6 to 10 levels. Most of the residential have 7 to 10 levels. The building shapes are very general and can be seen as a outer volume to keep within.

Legend Land Use HushojderProjekt Stationer Rosa

Typ Office Office Residential 0 Residential Offentlig Station Plots Plots Bus Station Pedestrian Space Pedestrian Space Train Station Public Area TransportNew Area Public Transport Tram Stop Green Structures Green_Structure Old Tram Stop Active Street Fronts Underground Station Active Fronts Preferred PathsBus Lines Preferred Paths Tram Lines Railway Plots Bus Station Bus Station Pedestrian Space Train Station Train Station New Tram StopTram Stop Public Transport Area New Green_Structure Old Tram StopTram Stop Old Active Fronts Underground Station Underground Station Bus Lines Preferred Paths Bus Lines Tram Lines Tram Lines Railway Railway

Connecting Gothenburg

CONNECTING GOTHENBURG | Context 0

600

1500 m

The project is in a very strategic location of the Master Plan. Enabling proper development in not only Gullbergsvass but also Frihamnen and Ringรถn. Several of the main connections and boulevards from the Master Plan goes through or cross in this area. With having the property of situating the Gothenburg central station, this area is arguably the most central part of the city. Having a good solution for the central station area can make or break the rest of the developments in terms of activity and accessibility.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The Biophilic City

Problem description

Fragmented city center The central station and its surrounding areas are today mostly a big barrier separating different part of the city. The modern station complex itself would block lateral movements between the new developments and the older parts of Gothenburg. The areas around the station are filled with train tracks, highway infrastructure and large pavement parking space. The figure below illustrates the problematic area and the city fragments that needs to connect.

New Bridge

With the assumption that a new station is being built underground a rather drastic remodeling of the above ground station is suggested. By moving the remaining tracks further east this enables a proper connection from the AllĂŠn and Ullevigatan to the new Boulevard north of the old town and to the new Hisings Bridge. By also moving the bus station towards this location it opens up the areas between Nordstan shopping center and Gullbergsvass and also puts the bus station in a more strategic location for the buses closer to the new north-south connection.

New Bridge Gullbergsvass New Development

Gullbergsvass New Development

Stampen Old Town

Central

Old Town

Current situation

Connecting Gothenburg

Proposed solution

CONNECTING GOTHENBURG | Streets 0

200

500 m

To get a simple and comprehensive street layout for the station area, the old city patterns are continued until they encounter the larger circular road. The old grid also fits through Nordstan shopping center and opening up the entrances of Nordstan is key to enable a proper pedestrian connection from the old city to Gullbergsvass. Most of the older structures fit well into this grid extension and further additions should go to some length not to block this structure. Reusing the old street structure makes the station area into an expansion of the old town itself and is now defined by the new north-south main street.

New Station

Nordstan Old Station

Legend

Grid Structure

Extensions Road Road Extensions

Global Connections Main Roads Main Boulevards

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The Biophilic City

Street hierarchies 0

120

300 m

Most streets are generic but some of the streets are assigned properties to regulate their use. The main ones are the Wide Multi-Purpose streets that accommodate higher amount of traffic as well as different forms of public transport. These streets mostly coincide with the Boulevards in the Master Plan. One street is reserved for traffic only by public transport. Even though some of the tram lines can now go around this part of the town, this street will be to important and heavily used for allowing any cars. From the old central station going north is a pedestrian street. Perpendicular to this between Nordstan and the bus station and park is also a pedestrian exclusive street to accommodate these flows. The general building heights are distributed according to the street properties and specific locations. Generally higher buildings along larger roads and lower along the pedestrian street. A higher landmark building at the intersection with the new square.

Legend

Connecting Gothenburg

Pedestrian Pedestrian Exclusive OfficeMulti Wide Purpose Wide Multi Purpose

Public Transport Residential Public Transport

CONNECTING GOTHENBURG | Distribution of flows 0

200

500 m

Train Station. The solution for the Central Station is a remodeling of the above-ground buildings and the addition of an underground train station. The old station house and the original train shed is kept and keeps the same function as today as an entrance, with restaurants and shops, to the actual station. The difference will be that you go down to the trains instead of through. The older parts of the station also fit into the old city street structure. A new station building for the aboveground tracks is located further east and is connected and functions as an entrance to the underground station. Bus Station. The bus station is situated between the train station buildings. As today, the bus station still needs a larger open area to accommodate the buses. Trams. The Master Plan allows for trams to go around the now congested parts of the tram network and the moving and distribution of the station reduces the need for all trams to pass by Drottningtorget. This increases capacity and reduces the vulnerabilities of the network.

Drottningtorget

Legend

Bus Station New Tram Stop Old Tram StopTram Stop Old Train Station Train Station Bus Lines Bus Lines Tram Lines Tram Lines Underground Station Underground Station Bus Station

New Tram Stop

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The Biophilic City

Preferred paths 0

200

500 m

The preferred paths are used to set the properties for the streets and activities and usage of the buildings. To find the preferred paths for pedestrians through the station area the expected new population for the surrounding developments was roughly calculated. This estimated population distribution is then used as a weight in calculating the closest routes through the street network. In the first calculation, the population within the project area was excluded. Population is used as the sum of residents and workers and the stations was assigned some weight based on travelers.

Calculations population.

Connecting Gothenburg

movement

based

CONNECTING GOTHENBURG | Land uses 0

120

300 m

The central station area is mostly office spaces but some residential buildings are placed sheltered from the larger roads. Along these larger roads are instead offices that can more easily handle noise. Surrounding the station is also office spaces. A new square handles the intersection where the pedestrian street ends.

New Square

Legend Land Use HushojderProjekt Stationer Rosa

Typ Office Office Residential 0 Residential Offentlig Station

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The Biophilic City

Plots and activity 0

120

300 m

Since the area is in a very central position with a lot of movements, all block are closed to make a clear division between public and private spaces. The sizes and shapes of the blocks and their plots are similar to those in the Old Town, Vasastaden and LinnĂŠstaden. To create some diversity and modularity in the blocks, the plots are a bit smaller than other newer developments. A developer would not be restricted from developing several adjacent plots. The offices plots are in general a bit larger than the residential plots since it is easier with smaller housing units then with offices. The requirements for street level activity is determined from the streetâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s properties and the calculated preferred paths. Mostly along the boulevards, around the station and along the pedestrian streets. This is where the buildings must be constructed to enable different commercial activities at street level.

Legend Active Fronts Active Street Plots Red Plots

Land Use HushojderProjekt Stationer Rosa

Typ Office Office Residential 0 Residential Offentlig Station

Connecting Gothenburg

CONNECTING GOTHENBURG | Street sections

22 meter

Residential levels

Active street level 20 meter

Pedestrian Street 40 meter

Office levels

Active street level Pedestrian Parking Bikes

Boulevard

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Car

Bus

Trams

Bus

Car

Bikes Parking Pedestrian

34 meter

The Biophilic City

Connecting Gothenburg

TRANSFLUX - GULLBERGSVASS ATHULYA SUNIL KUMAR Addressing the flooding issue, Gothenburg city • Maximum flood control • Accessible river banks • Creating interactive spaces for people in the city • Creating unique iconic space

Network of public spaces

Different levels indicated the layers of the proposal

1. PLATFORM

LEVEL 2

LEVEL 3

LEVEL 4

LEVEL 5

STREET STRUCTURE

BUILT SPACE

Individual project title

TRANSFLUX | ADDRESSING FLOODING ISSUE - GULLBERGSVASS 0

200

500 km

The location of the project in the masterplan can be seen here. This project acts as a connection between north and south side of Gothenburg. The map also shows how relevant the project is since it is situated in a flood prone area.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic city

Problem description

Transflux - Gullbergsvass

The meaning of transflux is beyond the flow. The project addresses Gothenburgâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s flood issue. The location of the project is Gullbergsvass area which is one of the highly influenced area by flood. During the water rise almost all the buildings near to the river are shut down and this consistently effects the work environment of the place. This area is under high risk flood

Transflux

zone and the increase in frequency and severity in water level that Gothenburg currently experiencing will make it more risky to keep the current structures of the areas. The site area is almost 15 hectars not only solving the flood issue but also make this place attractive to the public to connect to the river has the same priority.

Approach

Creating an organized barrier with huge landscape infrastructure is one of the positive approach towards the problem. There are different steps introduced to solve the flood issue. The land before the built area acts as a barrier to withstand the overflowing river and the 5th step which includes play areas and other facilities acts as a buffer zone between the built area and the barrier. Even in rainy season this buffer zone absorbs water and gives building enough breathing space. TREE BARRIER

TYPICAL SECTION

The buildings near to the play area has functions such as recreational activities which goes along with the functions of the proposal. All the buildings along the boulevard is dedicated to commercial purposes and office functions. Building typology follows a definite pattern in the proposal i.e. the buildings in the first row has low heights compared to that of the other rows which helps to get a view towards the river. A tree barrier is created along the pathway to block the heavy wind from the river.

C O N C E P T

PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHWAY PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHWAY

Map showing the result after a 2.0 m rise in sea water level.

Map showing flood prone areas. Gulbergsvass has a high risk to floods.

Legend

TREE BARRIER

PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHWAY PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHWAY

rone areas. Gulh risk to floods.

Map showing the result after a 2.0 m rise in sea water level.

C O N C E P T

Residential blocks Offices Commercial blocks Recreational Transverse connections

KEY POINTS : A BARRIER TO BLOCK THE WATER A BUFFER ZONE BEFORE BUILDINGS TREES TO BLOCK HEAVY WIND

Longitudinal connections Play area and recreation Sport area Designed park aera Multi-purpose zones Plot division

LOW HEIGHT BUILDINGS NEAR TO RIVER

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018 reference : RIVER CITY GOTHENBURG, THE OUTCOME OF THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP

Biophilic city

Transflux

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TRANSFLUX | Streets 0

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Legend Boulevard Longitudinal street Transverse main Transverse streets

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic city

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Legend Boulevard Longitudinalstreet Transverse main Transverse streets

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Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

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Legend

Residential blocks Offices Commercial blocks Recreational Transverse connections Longitudinal connections Play area and recreation Sport area Designed park aera Multi-purpose zones Plot division

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Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

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Sections

TREE BARRIER

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C O N C E P T

PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHWAY PEDESTRIAN AND CYCLE PATHWAY

typical section Map showing flood prone areas. Gul-

Map showing the result after a 2.0 m rise in sea water level.

bergsvass has a high risk to floods.

transverse section

KEY POINTS : A BARRIER TO BLOCK THE WATER A BUFFER ZONE BEFORE BUILDINGS TREES TO BLOCK HEAVY WIND LOW HEIGHT BUILDINGS NEAR TO RIVER

reference : RIVER CITY GOTHENBURG, THE OUTCOME OF THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP 7 m - highest landrise

SECTION A-A’

3 m - high

7 m - highest landrise

A B’ B longitudinal section

Transflux

URBAN TRANSITION GIULIA BORTOLOZZO The project is taking care of two main connections of the masterplan leading to some important public spaces of the river side. Both of them start from the pre-existing urban fabric and lead to the new development, changing from a suburban character to a urban one. The pre-existing fabric deals with wide and irregular space, undefined borders, unregulated corners and a no flexible typology. How can a scattered urban fabric get rid of its suburban character with few accurate interventions? Can corner activities, urban fabric intensification and definition of public and private boundaries make the difference?

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

Context 0

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The new development area in the masterplan aims to create a continuous urban fabric unifying Lindholmen, Frihamnen and the northern residential area (which are now separated from one another). The area will be strongly characterized by dwellings because itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s exactly what is lacking right now and it will also bring more dynamics to the surroundings.

Urban Transition

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MASTERPLAN STRUCTURE The first map shows the network coming from the masterplan where two different connections take place in the area: a strong north-south connection leading in one of the most center position of the masterplan. The second one is one of the river-connections with strong public character and activities.

THE CONNECTION THROUGH DIFFERENT CONTEXTS The second one how the designed connection actually present different characters from the pre-existing urban fabric to the new development. Different strategies need to be applied.

Legend Main connections Boulevard

Important public space Connection through the existing urban fabric Connection through the new development

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

The connection in the spatial analysis

Network Integration The 10 steps analysis shows how the network created through the masterplan is performing in this specific area. What was already clear from the previous masterplan analysis (16 steps) is the importance of the line 1 which has a strong potential for the north-south city connection. Here it can be noticed something that it was not popping out from that more global analysis. The 10 steps analysis gives slightly more local results and it highlights the importance of the line 2. It has been chosen then as one of the main access to the riverside from the masterplan. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s a connection which focus more on its public potential as an active space and as easily reachable rather than as a connector (as instead is performing the north-

south one). This because is probably not stronger enough to perform as a connector but it still has more value and potential than the other streets in the surroundings. Thanks to this special character the project suppose the presence of a culture house at the end of this path. Such a structure is thought to strengthen even more the potential of the connection because of its potential appeal. Despite the different role of the connections they present similar characters: they are both starting from the pre-existing urban fabric and they are ending in the new development. The project is focusing in detail in the river-connection but the same principles can be easily applied for the north-south one.

Legend

Urban Transition

0.31 - 0.67 0.67 - 0.85 0.85 - 0.99 0.99 - 1.13 1.13 - 1.27 1.27 - 1.46 1.46 - 1.87

URBAN TRANSITION | Existing suburban character

The Elements The first feeling the pre-existing area expresses is to be a suburban area through different aspects even though the street is already quite well defined. First of all, the observation of the typology suggest that changes cannot be done and are not realistic. Most of the ground floors are organised to host dwellings and therefore there are no direct openings towards the street. The ground floor for the majority are even higher than the streets level. The commercial activities are rare and spread out. Legend Plot openness

0.00 - 0.11 0.11 - 0.36 0.36 - 0.54 0.54 - 0.74 0.74 - 1.00

ceived quite wide and not so well defined in its borders and limits. Analysis and comparing the space with the plots it can be noticed that some of the empty spaces are actually corner plots. Those corner plots are totally unused and their size is comparable to normal dwelling plots. They are quite big and because of their position they area also really open to relation with the context.

Also the space is not really addressing and framing the street. Indeed some of the plots are still empty and the space is per0

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Legend Plot compactness

0.104 - 0.287 0.287 - 0.561 0.561 - 0.756 0.756 - 0.912 0.912 - 1.000

Legend Plot sizes

119.22 - 916.75 916.75 - 1888.88 1888.88 - 3361.40 3361.40 - 8168.30 8168.30 - 86947.90

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

Stiff typology - Few commercial activities 0

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Legend

Perceived space Free and undefined space

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

Design strategies

framed through them. Being able to fit properly in the context is a strong requirement, not to damage the existing balance.

From suburban to urban The chosen strategies deal with simple and soft interventions but quite strategic and efficient to define the space. 1. ACTIVATION OF CORNER PLOTS: It will define much of the unused space and at the same time it will bring the activities which otherwise they could not find the right place among this strongly dwelling oriented urban fabric.

3. BORDER DEFINITIONS: Such a shift from a suburban street to a urban one will also required more defined borders clarifying the private and the public space. The new borders and limits will also be used as a filter or protection from pedestrian and car traffic as most of the ground floors are dwellings.

2. INTENSIFICATION: Some other unused spaces can be intensified with new buildings so the street space can be totally defined and can be

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URBAN TRANSITION | Corner plots activation 0

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The selected plots are both already existing and new ones and they will characterize the public life of both connections. The tools of the activations are some already existing activities, some kiosk (which could host different kind of activities) and greenery.

Legend

Corner plots

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

Corner plots rules

1. CIRCULATION SPACE: Assure a minimum of 2 meters of circulation space for pedestrian. 2. ACTIVE CORNER MINIMUM SIZE: In order for the activity to take place, the active part of the plot must be more than 10 mq. 3. DISTANCE FROM DWELLINGS: It must be at least 4 meters. 4. GREEN ZONE: When the corner plot is next to a dwelling there must be a green zone which works as a buffer. 5. KIOSK DIMENSIONS: They have to respect the following dimensions. Maximum height: 4 meters. Maximum area: 18 mq.

Urban Transition

URBAN TRANSITION | Small corner plots < 40 mq

ONE AREA - ONE ACTIVITY The activity which takes place in the corner plot is allowed to make use of the entire area.

Existing commercial activities appropriate of the corner plot.

can

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

Big corner plots > 40 mq

ONE AREA - MORE ACTIVITIES At least 40% of the plot must be guaranteed for free green space.

Urban Transition

URBAN TRANSITION | Corner plots in the project

CORNER PLOT 1+2 1. Supporting the existing commercial activity 2. Free green area Total area (1+2): 230 mq

CORNER PLOT 3 Mix use: kiosk and green area Kiosk: 15 mq Total area: 330 mq

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

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ADDITION BUILDING

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Legend

Urban Transition

Building addition

URBAN TRANSITION | Intensification rules 50

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ADAPTATION TO THE CONTEXT FSI: 0.5 - 0.8 GSI: 0..17 - 0.28 Typology and land use: blocks; mainly dwellings.

GENERAL RULES - Facade parallel to the street framing it. - Same height as nearby buildings. - Keep existing paths. - Distance from next building’s plot 15 meters.

FSI: 0.6 GSI: 0.2 30

30 30

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Project’s addition New dwelling Existing dwelling New commercial activity Existing commercial activity

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

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VEGETATION

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Legend

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URBAN TRANSITION | Border definitions rules

PLOT AND BUILDING SHAPE

AIMS - Define the property and the space - Assure the proper degree of privacy once the street will gain a more urban role - Create a qualitative area which can be personal

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

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Here the urban transformations from the pre-existing urban fabric till the new development which ends with the Culture House building. Just in front of the Culture House a wide square takes place where both commercial activities and others related to the building can expand and find an outdoor space. This first square than relates with a more commercial one which directly faces with the water.

Legend

Urban Transition

Projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s elements Green additions New development Existing buildings Intensification

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boulevard

This map highlights the strong dwelling character of the area. Expections are made in the points of important intersections and along the boulevard where the ground floors are supporting it with smaller plots for commercial activities.

DENSITY of new blocks FSI: 3.0-3.5 GSI: 0.3-0.5

Legend New dwellings Existing dwellings Commercial activities Culture House Plot division Entrances

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City

Street sections

The sections clarifying how the space is structured through the river-connection after the projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strategies.

pedestrian pedestrian pedestrian

care lanes care care lanes lanes

pedestrian pedestrian pedestrian

bicycle bicycle bicycle

private space private space private space

intensification intensification intensification

pedestrian pedestrian pedestrian

bicycle lane bicycle lane bicycle lane

active corner active active corner corner

definition definition definition border border border

perform space perform space perform space

green area green area green area

commercial space commercial space commercial space

Legend commercial space commercial space commercial space

Projectâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s elements

73 Urban Transition

intensification intensification intensification

courtyard courtyard courtyard

KULTURHUSET KU U LL TT U UR RH HU U SS EE TT K

BEATING SPOT QIANQIAN YU To create a continuous path through Lindholmen and Frihamnen. To innovate the area as a culture and leisure center. To let Lindholmen be a landmark of Gothenburg City.

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1. Create a slow path for pedestrian 2. Be the landmark in Gothenburg City 3. Become a culture and leisure center

Beating Spot

BEATING SPOT | Context 0

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The key project is called â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Beating Spotâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; located in the square of Lindholmen. In the masterplan, we defined this area as well as Frihamnen as a center of commercial and activities, with a new pedestrian bridge built in between, these two areas can form a loop which fill in the gap and create a continuous path through the area. So, based on this advantage, I focused on the square in Lindholmen, and try to innovate it as a culture and leisure center, with the five big cranes on the site, another aim for this area is to let it be a landmark in the center of Gothenburg City.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City-Gothenburg

Problem description

When we talk about culture and leisure area in Gothenburg, the first one we can think about is of course city center, and also some cozy space in the southern part to the river, but when we think about the northern part, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s hard to find a leisure space except for sauna, Jubliepark and street food market, which are basically located in Frihamnen and Lindholmen, which actually gave me a hint that they can be a starting point to activate the northern city of Gothenburg.

STRENGTH AND OPPORTUNITIES - The most active and young area on the northern bank

- With Chalmers, Science Park and many gym nearby, during the day time, it is full of people and activities

Zoom in to Lindholmen, this is an area full of opportunities as well as weaknesses, it has a campus and science park which make a lot of young people stay here during the day time but without residential and commercial activities, it becomes dead at night and weekends. So above all the purpose, the first important is to attract people here.

- With several inner ports, they create a nice and cozy area for people to relax

- The five big cranes are landmarks in this area, give a great impression to people from the other shore

WEAKNESS AND THREATS - There are no residential area on the site, during night time, this area becomes totally dead that people are not willing to go Beating Spot

- There are a lot of factories and parking lots on the site, which make the area not accessible 77

BEATING SPOT | Urban design proposal

Key project structure My key project is called â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Beating Spotâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; located in the square of Lindholmen. Still, let us look back to the masterplan first, here in the masterplan, we defined this area as well as Frihamnen as a center of commercial and activities, with a new pedestrian bridge built in between, these two areas can form a loop which fill in the gap and create a continuous path through the area. So, based on this advantage, I focused on the square in Lindholmen, and try to innovate it as a culture and leisure center, with the five big cranes on the site, another aim for this area is to let it be a landmark in the center of Gothenburg City.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

To start the key project, there are three main principles that I always followed from our masterplan, the first one is the diagonal, which we can see a big difference with and without it; the second one is the two new bridges heading to Lindholmen which are the main entrances from other place; and the last one is the general density.

Biophilic City-Gothenburg

Beating Spot

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In our masterplan the area is void, so I started to rearrange this area with a new street system. I kept part of the diagonal and formed a new grid according to the main entrances from the two buildings that we want to keep here. And from the masterplan, I got the main entrances which are starting points here, and then I defined where to let people stop which are the end points. From these three elements, I got this shortest path from grasshopper, which tells me which way people would go most frequently, and it also contributes to the hierarchy of the street.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City-Gothenburg

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Here we can see that besides the main road in masterplan, the diagonal and two bridges are the widest road. I used network integration to test if this works, apparently the diagonal and widest road works quite well.

network integration-step 4 NI_4 0

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Axial 0.352 0.850 1.114 1.344 1.569 1.806 2.110

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0.482 0.582 0.655 0.718 0.779 0.861 1.056

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NI_30 Axial 0.20 0.34 0.40 0.44 0.48

0.34 0.40 0.44 0.48 0.52

BEATING SPOT | Land divisions 0

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For the land use, here is a general rule that the ground floors are mainly used for restaurants, shops and services where I put them also according to the street width that restaurants and bars can be more open and can be located on the main roads while shops and service buildings can be in a cozier area. For the upper floors, they will be residential and small offices.

Ground Floor Property restaurants & bars shops & groceries store services Second Floor with Residential and Small Offices

Legend restaurants and bars shops and groceries store services

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City-Gothenburg

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Based on this rule, it can be more flexible that a certain kind of functions can mix a little bit, and the block can also be open up to some extent.

Legend restaurant bar cafe take away

Food and Leisure restaurant bar cafe take away

Cultural Services Retail and shops general retail shop bookstores art gallery sports shop 24h store small market

general retail shop

others

sports shop 24h store small market book store art gallery others

Beating Spot

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Based on the street system, new blocks are formed according to three rules. First, I used three different building typologies to meet different needs, but they all followed the basic rule that south side should be at least one floor lower than the north side because of sun light. Then Rule No.2 is about street aspect ratio, here I have six types to meet the need of three different street widths. And Rule No.3 is mainly for the center square, where it is blocked with higher buildings on three sides and open up to the river view on one side. From the section we can see how the higher buildings form the square. With these rules, I want to create an area with different kind of space where people can experience different things while they are walking on the street.

Rule No.1 The blocks on South side should be at least one floor lower than the North side according to sun light

Rule No.2 The height of the building should be proportional to the street type and width

_ _ _ + A square

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square

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Rule No.3 The blocks height should be two levels more around the square

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

square section

Biophilic City-Gothenburg

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The sections show a different daily use of the streets and how different street ratio form the environment.

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The last part of my key project is the core square for public events, which is almost as big as Gustav Adolfs Torg. The plots and yards are used for daily life, but this square is something that make this whole area unique. It is very special with two backbones going through, and if we take the square into three parts, we can find the best visual connection spots on each part, which gives a reason how to attract people to go there. To sum up, the square has some parts with fixed structure to let people stay at any time and flexible area for big events at the same time. Here I selected two scenarios to show how it will look like when there is a big event. And from the plan we can see that the diagonal will not be there any more, instead, it will be a part of the square and people will choose to go the other two roads to get other areas.

B C

Legend restaurants and bars big cranes flexible zones shortest path fixed zones visual connection

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Biophilic City-Gothenburg

Square scenarios

scenario 1. open air market-isometric

scenario 1. open air market-layout

scenario 2. music festival-isometric

scenario 2. music festival-layout

Beating Spot

TOWARDS THE RIVER LISA HOFBAUER Access to the riverfront for pedestrians and bikes Activate the area along the river Densify with small workshops Attract locals and visitors Easy public transport and ferry access Allow small developments

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Network of public spaces

places of moving pedestrians, bikes, public transport, ferries and cars

places of movement and staying landscape area with activities

places of movement, staying and existing built space exiting buildings with commercial groundfloor use and offices on top

Towards the River

TOWARDS THE RIVER | Context

An aerial view of the chosen area with the existing situation.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The Biophilic City

Problem description

The riverfront in this area is not accessible to the public due to a lot of space taken by Stena Line, cargo parking, shipping and buildings with fences and parking along the waterfront. Activities and attractions are missing in this area, although located next to the river, the space could offer a wide range of public activities.

Based on the Masterplan proposal to lower the speed of the highway from 70km/h to 40km/h and reduce the existing four lanes to two and the barriers between them, crossings for pedestrians and bikes should be possible and allow the access to the river.

The flooding situation in this area is highly important to take into account while developing it.

Towards the River

TOWARDS THE RIVER | Urban design proposal

The main aims of this project are the accessibility to the riverfront, activating it and proposing a small development area.

Cars will be allowed on the one street next to the existing buildings to support the offices and commercial activities.

The base to start accessing and activating the area is moving Stena Line from this waterfront and demolishing buildings along the river.

Activating the riverfront for the locals by offering recreational, playground and urban farming areas, as well as proposing space for open air events, sports activities, and commercial ground floor uses as fish markets, markets, art and workshop space to attract visitors.

The access for pedestrians and bikes over the former highway directly to the riverfront is the first step. This can be done based on the masterplan proposal with crossings on street level to offer access for locals and visitors from Majorna. One new ferry station and newly proposed bus stops allow people from other areas a direct access with public transport.

Legend Pedestrian and Bike Access to River Riverwalk Pedestrian and Bike Network inside Area Public transport Tram/ Bus Stop Ferry Transport

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Ferry Station Car Access

Offices, Commercial on Groundfloor existing Buildings, Uses kept Commercial outdoor Area small Workshops

Sports Area Urban Farming recreational Area open public Space Playgrounds existing Green Kiosk/ Info Point Space for Trees

The Biophilic City

Stuctural plan

TOWARDS THE RIVER | Distribution of flows

Pedestrians and bikes accessing the area, especially the riverfront is the first step of this design proposal. Supported by one new ferry station, a new proposed bus route inside the area and the connection to the exiting tram line on the boulevard, make the access for residents and visitors easier. Inside the area, only pedestrians and bikes are allowed.

LEGEND Accessibility

Pedestri Access t

Public Tr

Ferry Acc

Bus/ Tram

Ferry Sta

Riverwalk

Pedestria Network Car Acce inside Ar

Legend Pedestrian and Bike Access to River Riverwalk Pedestrian and Bike Network inside Area Public Transport Tram/ Bus Stop Ferry Transport Ferry Stop Car Access

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The Biophilic City

Streets Compared to the existing situation in the bottom right corner, the newly proposed structure connecting to Majorna including the new ferry station show a tremendous change in the accessibility of the riverfront and how important the connection to the other side of the river GĂśta Ă&#x201E;lv.

Legend

Towards the River

0.23 - 0.48 0.48 - 0.57 0.57 - 0.65 0.65 - 0.72 0.72 - 0.78 0.78 - 0.87 0.87 - 1.06

TOWARDS THE RIVER | Street sections

This section shows the street in Majorna to the very left, entering into the bridge over the former highway, connection to the hill and then to the steps, the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;balcony of the cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, which allows access to the area as well as staying and enjoying the view over the river. This public open space ends up in an area with the possibility to organise events, concerts, performances. Finally one arrives at the riverside with an accessible riverwalk along GĂśta Ă&#x201E;lv.

ĂŠ

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

The Biophilic CIty

Towards the RIver

GROUP 2 WEAVING HISINGEN

Vision Design Methods Spatial Analysis Submaps Layers of the Masterplan Masterplan Location of key projects

Key projects: Hjalmar Brantingsgatan United Lindhamnens boulevard Hisingen square Brantingsstaden Green connection Harbour creative art district Bridgedhamnen

Alice örnö Ax Stella-Marie Krex Amanda Sahlén Anton Edberg Lisbet Simoens Bo Han Marc Délez

WEAVING HISINGEN | Vision

Hisingen is roughly half the surface of Göteborg city. It used to have some of the biggest dockyards in the world, until the shipping crisis in the 1970’s. Much of the harbour has moved away but left traces behind in the form of industrial railways, multifile highways, huge cranes and big docks. Hisingen was mainly settled during the miljon programme years. This can be seen in the widely spaced typologies, typically visible in the less central areas. Hisingen used to be firmly working class, but with the development of Lindholmen it now has a high income enclave. The train tracks are a big barrier along Lundbyleden at Hisingen. They separate the waterfront from the rest of the area. The highway Lundbyleden is a strong barrier and creates a segregated area along the waterfront. It is a wide, high speed road with few pedestrian crossings, which are also unattractive with

Mending the urban fabric using both new and existing threads in the context of post industrial west Sweden.

poor accessibility. It has a large impact on the pedestrian movement and prevents the more segregated areas of Hisingen to access the waterfront as well as university and business areas. There is also a lack of green at the streets. So there must come more green and it must become more attractive. The highway infrastructure should be removed and the industrial train tracks should partly be reused as green links. With the removal of Lundbyleden, repurposing of train tracks and Backaplan, we can clearly see where the urban fabric needs meanding. Ringön is kept as a reservoir of industrial and creative business that is important for the economy and identity of the region.

THREADS:

CO-PRESENCE. A diverse, well integrated city where identities are celebrated and where everyone is welcome. GREEN LINKS. A city that promotes walking and biking over motorism. Every citizen should have access to green spaces. ACTIVATING THE WATERFRONT. Using the specifics of the post industrial riverside for placemaking and creating an active urban life. HISINGEN FOCUS. The aim is not to facilitate access to the old city centre, but to provide urban qualities to Hisingen.

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Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Weaving Hisingen

Vision

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WEAVING HISINGEN | Design Methods

We used some design methods to create the masterplan

The main design method is boulevardistation:

. Weaving into existing grids . Adding threads to the network of public transportation . Extending centrality to areas outside the urban fabric

If we look at the etymology of this word, we can see that boulevard has always been used to describe barriers turned into connections. The boulevardisation can be applied to weaker the big barriers and soften the barriers. It creates pedestrian and bike connectivity. Boulevards transport is both bikes, cars and pedestrians.

Design methods

Weaving into existing grids

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Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Adding threads to the network of public transportation

Extending centrality to areas outside the urban fabric

Weaving Hisingen

Analysis

Network Integration STEP 16 - Current Situation

Network Integration STEP 16 - Masterplan

Betweenness 5000 - Current Situation

Betweenness 5000 - Masterplan

Spatial analysis

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WEAVING HISINGEN | Submaps

The highway traffic out of the city are lead north and west instead of through the city. Heavy industrial vehicles are already diminishing on Lundbyleden and will continue to decrease due to the development of the area. Over the past 20 years, the amount of heavy traffic was reduced from 16% to 10% (source: trafikverket). We also suggest decreasing the speed limit in GĂśteborg to 40 km/h.

Rails are partly removed and converted into green areas. Freight trains are lead north and connect to the main land north of Hisingen. They come together before KungĂ¤lv. The train tracks on the right are already existing tracks which can be converted into parks. The train tracks on the left gets a new connection to the north instead of through the city.

Weaving the urban fabric back together by solving the big barriers.

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Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Weaving Hisingen

Different layers of the masterplan

Fixed structure - Main structure & Secondary structure

Green structure

Steps of design process

Boulevard

Secondary structure

Green structure

Existing public transportation

New public transportation

New ferry stop

New tram stop

New cable car stop

Tunnel

Mixed use_shops 1st floor

Shops_offices

Small scale housing

Apartment buildings

Cultural area

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New green area

Existing industries

Existing shops_offices

Existing housing

FSI: 2,40 - 2,80 (2,60) GSI: 0,40 - 0,44 (0,42)

FSI: 1,90 - 2,30 (2,10) GSI: 0,35 - 0,39 (0,37)

FSI: 1,40 - 1,80 (1,60) GSI: 0,30 - 0,34 (0,32)

FSI: 0,90 - 1,30 (1,10) GSI: 0,25 - 0,29 (0,27)

Public transport

Boulevard

Secondary structure

Green structure

Existing public transportation

New public transportation

New ferry stop

New tram stop

New cable car stop

Tunnel

Mixed use_shops 1st floor

Shops_offices

Small scale housing

Apartment buildings

Cultural area

Existing green area

New green area

Existing industries

Existing shops_offices

Existing housing

FSI: 2,40 - 2,80 (2,60) GSI: 0,40 - 0,44 (0,42)

FSI: 1,90 - 2,30 (2,10) GSI: 0,35 - 0,39 (0,37)

FSI: 1,40 - 1,80 (1,60) GSI: 0,30 - 0,34 (0,32)

FSI: 0,90 - 1,30 (1,10) GSI: 0,25 - 0,29 (0,27)

Uses and grid system

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WEAVING HISINGEN | Structural plan

Boulevard Secondary structure Green structure Existing public transportation New public transportation New ferry stop New tram stop New cable car stop Tunnel Mixed use_shops 1st floor Shops_offices Small scale housing Apartment buildings Cultural area Existing green area New green area Existing industries Existing shops_offices Existing housing

I. I. I. II. I. II. II. I. III. II. III. III. I. II. IV. III. IV. IV. II. III. IV. III. IV. IV.

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FSI: 2,40 - 2,80 (2,60) GSI: 0,40 - 0,44 (0,42) FSI: 1,90 - 2,30 (2,10) GSI: 0,35 - 0,39 (0,37) FSI: 1,40 - 1,80 (1,60) GSI: 0,30 - 0,34 (0,32) FSI: 0,90 - 1,30 (1,10) GSI: 0,25 - 0,29 (0,27)

I. I. I. II. I. II. II. I. III. II. III. III. I. II. IV. III. IV. IV. II. III. IV. III. IV. IV.

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Weaving Hisingen

Key projects overview 0

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Keyprojects overview 1. Hjalmar Brantingsgatan united 2. Lindhamnens boulevard 3. Hisingen square 4. Brantingsstaden 5. Green connection 6. Harbour creative art district 7. Bridgedhamnen

Key projects

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HJALMAR BRANTINGSGATAN UNITED ALICE ORNO AX Rethinking the connectivity, functions, geometry and future potentials of Hjalmar Brantingsgatan - from suburban highway to urban street.

Current integration and betweenness Hjalmar Brantingsgatan is one of the main arteries defined by the Weavingen Hisingen masterplan. Both in analysis of the current street network (top left images) and in the analysis of the weavingen masterplan, Hjalmar Brantingsgatan has high betweenness and integration. Being the main route to GĂśta Ă&#x201E;lvbron, Hjalmar Brantingsgatan is important for the overall street system of Hisingen today.

Legend Betweenness 5000 m

Integration 16 steps

Hjalmar Brantingsgatan United

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HJALMAR BRANTINGSGATAN UNITED |Context 0

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W I E S E L G R E N S P L AT S E EN N R A M B E R G S VA L L E N G R O P E G Å R D S G ATA N

E K E T R Ä G ATA N V Å G M Ä S TA R E P L AT S E N

Despite being one of the most globally integrated streets in central Gothenburg, Hjalmar Brantingsgatan has the geometry of a highway. The main intersections are traffic separated vertically and combine multiple lanes into complicated knots. The tram line along the street was built to be part of a future subway system - a pre-metro. But as Gothenburg decided not to develop a subway system, this tram line is now left with a collection of unusually elaborate walkways and bridges at the stops.

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Wieselgrensplatsen

Gropegardsgatan

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Rambergsvallen

Vagmästareplatsen

Weaving Hisingen

Perceived and conceived street width 3

4 km

Short text about percieved and concieved space 1

Street width WIDTH RELATIONS MEASURED EVERY 100 M

PERCIEVED WIDTH Determined by visual limits - facades, solid fences and dense vegetation.

PERCIEVED CONCIEVED WIDTH WIDTH

WIDTH RELATIONS MEASURED EVERY 100 M

Determined by visual limits Determined plot boundaries - facades, solid fences and to the road - typically dense vegetation. includes car lanes and grassy buffer zones.

CONCIEVED WIDTH Determined plot boundaries to the road - typically includes car lanes and grassy buffer zones.

Hjalmar Brantingsgatan united

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HJALMAR BRANTINGSGATAN UNITED | Streets 0

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Secondary structure of already established road system Primary structure of already established road system Proposed new Hjalmar Brantings gatan Proposed new connections to already existing primary and secondary network

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

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Legend

Hjalmar Brantingsgatan United

Primary public space Secondary public space

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HJALMAR BRANTINGSGATAN UNITED | Proposal and typologies 0

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U-court typology Courtyard typology Self-build typology

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Self-build typology

U-court typology

Courtyard typology

FSI: 0,32 -1,3 GSI: 0,16 - 1 L: 2 Plot compactness: 1 Plot size: 400 - 600 m2

FSI: 1,4 GSI: 0,37 L: 3,7 Block enclosure 100 % (green edge counted as closed edge) Plot compactness: 1 Plot size: 2300 - 3000 m2

FSI: 1,8 GSI: 0,4 L: 4,5 Block enclosure: 100 % Plot compactness: 1 Plot size: 3000 4 000 m2

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Weaving Hisingen

Scenario Axonometric view of an interpretation of the proposed u-court and courtyard typologies. Sidewalks are articulated in relation to the functions of the buildings. Portals divide the footprints of the buildings to prevent monofunctional street frontage.

Hjalmar Brantingsgatan United

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HJALMAR BRANTINGSGATAN UNITED | Urban rules 2 x portal per 40 m

PORTALS

RULES

Portals provide access to inner yards while dividing the footprint of the building along the main street into smaller spaces for commercial use. Because the buildings along the main street tend to have long facades, portals are used as a planning rule to make monocultural use of the first floor impossible. The portals slice the ground floor into parcels for smaller scale businesses, shops, cafés, restaurants or other public uses. Enforcing a portal rule is also a way of making sure the facades facing the street maintain a human scale and are not perceived as impermeable.

One portal/20 m facade facing Hjalmar Brantingsgatan 4>m

Minimum width of portal: 4 m Minimum height of portal: 3,5 m Portals may be closed with a gate of at least 90 % transparency

2 x portal per 40 m

Portals may “slide” along the volume to make a larger space, but this will automatically also produce a space for a smaller tenant.

SIDEWALKS

Not specified may vary with uses

RULES 7m

In front of buildings facing Hjalmar Brantingsgatan, the building line is placed 7 meters from vehicle lanes. This gives an unusually large sidewalk which is treated as a public space, and designed by the architect who draws the building adjacent to it. This allows for a varied expression and 4>m function of the urban room along the street. The approach is a comment to the current function of Hjalmar Brantingsgatan; purely transportation.

The section must be open and approved for wheelchair use. Minimum green area: 1/7th of total sidewalk area At least one tree / 10 m of sidewalk 7m

At least five non-commercial seats / 10 m of sidewalk In front of Self build typologies regular building line rules (4,5 m) applies. 4.5 m

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Not specified Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018 may vary with uses

Building line Plot boundary

Weaving Hisingen

Street section

30 m

Plot

Hjalmar Brantingsgatan United

Street

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LINDHAMNENS BOULEVARD STELLA-MARIE KREX A new boulevard to connect Frihamnen and Lindholmen. Weaved in the existing street network.

DESIGN METHOD I Strategies

Masterplan restrictions The masterplan gave some flexible and fixed structures to follow. The most important fixed structure was the boulevard. The following secondary structure and the grid system were more flexible. One of the key issues that I explored through the design process was how the boulevard ends in Lindholmen. In Frihamnen it ends at the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Hisingen squareâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; but the other end was not yet designed. With this questions and guidelines I started to create my own design methods or strategies to create my proposal for the new Lindhamnen Boulevard.

The first was how does the boulevard weaves in the existing and the new street network. The second one was the idea of how to frame the boulevard - and the question on how much height - which typologies which uses demands this boulevard at this exact location. Those two design methods were followed up with a third one on how people, cars and the public transportation system flows along the boulevard. Most important here was the flow of the pedestrians and bikes. Which is also visible in the street structures of the boulevard and the secondary structure which consist of a green line in the middle of the street framed by trees.

Street structure of the boulevard

a broad avenue in a city, usually having areas at the sides or center for trees, grass, or flowers.

Lindhamnens Boulevard

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LINDHAMNENS BOULEVARD | Streets 0

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Fixed street system from the masterplan: Boulevards and secondary structure Flexible street systems from the masterplan: Backstreets - the grid structure

Legend Boulevard Secondary structure Backstreets Green

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Network of public spaces 0

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Block structure and areas for public spaces I. public spaces along the boulevard

First level Second level II. public spaces connected to the secondary boulevard and its direct connected public spaces added other public spaces through the secondary stru structure

FRAMING IT

public spaces

First level boulevard and its direct connected public spaces

Second level added other public spaces which are easily accesible

Third level added semi public

through the structure of streets courtyards are III. network ofsecondary public and semi-public spacested for me - as I focus

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First level boulevard and its direct connected public spaces

Second level added other public spaces which are easily accesible through the secondary structure of streets

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Lindhamnens Boulevard

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Third level

Legend added semi public spaces - like courtyards. the dotted courtyards are the ones which are less important for me - as I focus more on the buildings and public Boulevard spaces directly at the courtyard LEGEND Secondary structure Boulevard Backstreets Secondary structure Backstreets Green Green . boulevard Blocks Green . backstreets Public spaces Blocks . boulevard M 1:5000

Blocks . backstreets Public spaces

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LINDHAMNENS BOULEVARD | Land divisions 0

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Plot structure and rules: Plots along the boulevard and adjacent to public spaces should be smaller then the ones facing backstreets. An exception are the plots along the mountain which should contain row houses and therefore have smaller plot divisions as well.

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Another exception is the plot next to the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;tower areaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; - as here the plot division should be bigger for developers.

Legend Boulevard Secondary structure Backstreets Green Blocks Public spaces Plots

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Distribution of uses along the boulevard. The uses along the ‘tower area’ are kept as the one in the vision of Älvstaden and were not changed.

Legend Boulevard Secondary structure Backstreets Green LEGEND Boulevard Blocks Secondary structure Public spaces Backstreets Green . boulevard Plots Green . backstreets Blocks . boulevard Apartment buildings Blocks . backstreets Offices Public spaces Cultural buildings Plots Building blocks Housing Apartment buildings Hotel Oﬃces Oﬃces . Shops Healthcare centre Apartments . Shops Existing apartments Cultural building Apartments . Shops Housing Offices . ShopsHotel M 1:5000

Lindhamnens Boulevard

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Healthcare centre Existing Apartments

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LINDHAMNENS BOULEVARD | Main map 0

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Main map: weaved, framed and full of flows

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Legend Boulevard Secondary structure Backstreets Green Blocks Public spaces Plots Apartment buildings Offices Cultural buildings Housing Hotel Healthcare centre Existing apartments Apartments . Shops Offices . Shops Pedestrians Cars Public transportation

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Distribution of heights along the boulevard: Along the tower area the heights do increase. Facades facing the boulevard on the right side are one storey higher. The others are orientated along the existing building heights.

Legend Boulevard Secondary structure Backstreets Green LEGEND Boulevard Blocks Secondary structure Public spaces Backstreets Green . boulevard Plots Green . backstreets 80 storeys Blocks . boulevard Blocks . backstreets 25 to 40 storeys spaces 10 storeys Public Plots 9 storeys Building blocks 80 storeys 8 storeys 25 to 40 storeys 7 storeys 10 storeys 9 storeys 6 storeys 8 storeys 5 storeys 7 storeys 4 storeys 6 storeys 5 storeys 2 storeys M 1:5000

Lindhamnens Boulevard

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LINDHAMNENS BOULEVARD | Street sections

Street section through the boulevard at the backstreets. Distribution of heights along the boulevard on the left side one storey higher then on the right side. Row house typology along the mountain.

Legend Shops Offices Apartments Housing GSPublisherEngine 0.66.100.93

LEGEND

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Distribution of heights along the hole boulevard - meaning and height of the ‘highest tower of Scandinavia’ visible.

FRAMING IT

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housing

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LEGEND Boulevard Secondary structure Backstreets Green . boulevard Green . backstreets Blocks . boulevard Blocks . backstreets Public spaces Plots Building blocks

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Legend

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Existing buildings New buildings Tower area

FRAMING IT Spatialelevation Morphology Design Studio 2018 of hights

LEGEND New buildings Existing buildings Tower area

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HISINGEN SQUARE AMANDA SAHLÃ&#x2030;N A square and an urban public transportation hub that has good connectivity to surrounding areas and a great number of people can flow to, enjoy and meet every day.

Context The square treated in the project has a central location in the developed masterplan. It is a location where the new boulevards are connecting as well as public transportation.

Boulevard Secondary structure Green structure Existing public transportation New public transportation New ferry stop New tram stop New cable car stop Tunnel

Small scale housing Apartment buildings Cultural area Existing green area New green area Existing industries

I. I.

Hisingen Square

II. I. II. I. I. III. II. I. III. II. I. II. IV. II. III. IV. III. II. III. IV. III. IV. III. IV. IV. IV.

Existing housing FSI: 2,40 - 2,80 (2,60)

Boulevards GSI: 0,40 - 0,44 (0,42) Secondary structure FSI: 1,90 - 2,30 (2,10) Trams GSI: 0,35 - 0,39 (0,37) Green line FSI: 1,40 - 1,80 (1,60) GSI: 0,30 - 0,34 (0,32) FSI: 0,90 - 1,30 (1,10) GSI: 0,25 - 0,29 (0,27)

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HISINGEN SQUARE | Problem discription Amanda SahlĂŠn The project treats a square and public transportation hub where a very large flow of people will be spread out through Hisingen every day. It replaces Hjalmar Bratiningsplatsen which is the largest hub on Hisingen. The main problematic point is that the square is located in the middle of a traffic junction where the busiest roads on Hisingen meet. All boulevards have public transportation, both directions, in the middle with cars on each side. In order to handle a large number of people entering, exiting and walking between bus stops the aim is to locate tram and bus stops on the square. This means that cars have to switch from one side to the other when passing the square, share lanes with public transportation or be redirected.

In Gothenburg today no large hubs have cars dividing the tram stop and the square since it creates a problematic and unsafe situation when a large number of pedestrians use the space. In the masterplan there is no calm side of the square since cars or trams are circulating around it. The square needs to be more continuous with its surroundings. The square is located where the grids and boulevards of the masterplan are coming together which results in many connecting streets, odd shaped buildings and short gables. A new park is planned to replace the old railway loading station behind RingĂśn, which one can argue is a bit hidden since there is no defined entrance.

Grid, blocks and boulevards from the masterplan. Diagram of traffic flows.

Boulevards Public transport Cars Green line

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Design methods Aims: Good connection with surrounded areas. Visual connection between boulevards and the square. Create a calm side away from traffic. An entrance to the park to make it more active. Avoid short gables and small buildings facing the square.

Important connections and sight lines

Starting point

Result

Solution 1

Solution 2

Final solution

Starting point: cars on all sides of the square creates a roundabout and unsafe space for pedestrians. Solution 1: no cars can drive through the square, only one direction on south side of the square, public transport remains to support a good flow. The busiest road with cars remains. Solution 2: Two direction of cars on south side. Complicated for cars to switch side two times along the road. Final solution: Cars coming from Hisingsbron are redirected. Traffic situation Public transport Cars

Hisingen Square

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HISINGEN SQUARE | Urban design proposal

The proposal for the square is an important hub for public transportation as well as an urban square where pedestrians are in focus. It is a square that is alive during both day and evening.

A protected side away from traffic where people can meet, have a coffee or eat something is proposed on the sunny side to create an attractive square. It also forms the main entrance to the new park to make it more visible and active.

The square is located where many areas of Hisingen meet and therefor the concept is to use the space not only as a place where people pass, but to create an environment where people can gather and enjoy. Therefor it is divided into three different functions, a recreational, a public transportation hub and a commercial part, but works together as one square.

A public cultural building higher than the rest is proposed to create a landmark for the square. It can be seen from the main boulevard coming from Lindholmen and relates to the high-rises located there. It also connects to the event area in Frihamnen.

Offices Restaurants Galleria

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Main map 0

100 m

The main map shows how the square is used, how one move across the space, where entrances are located and how land uses are divided.

one map/ map by levels/ map sbefore and after

Hisingen Square

CafĂŠ/bar CafĂŠ/bar/restaurant Galleria Retail General retail/food Info and kiosk Kiosk Supermarket Cultural centre Leisure Hotel Bus stop Not crossable green Sparse, low greenery Resting area High greenery Sparse greenery Outdoor seating Pedestrian movement Plots

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HISINGEN SQUARE | Distribution of flows

Diagram of traffic flows. The focus lies on creating an intersection that support a good network of public transportation as well as a safe environment for pedestrians. Cars are redirected. A bus lane is kept crossing the square since many of the buses go north as well as unload the other stops. It also reserves space for a possible tram line.

Trams and buses Buses Cars Green line Pedestrian

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Pedestrian movement People passing the square will always take the shortest path. Most movement on the square will lead towards bus and tram stops as well as be distributed from the center of the square to business located around it. There are many intersecting streets which has to result in safe crossings. Tram stops are located so that people can cross on the sides, while the bus stops are separated to create an organized space for pending buses. It will unload the crossings as well as not block the pedestrian crossing to the main square.

Hisingen Square

Pedestrian movement Bus/tram stop, not crossable

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HISINGEN SQUARE | Land divisions 0

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On the calm side of the square mostly restaurants and cafés are proposed to create a space where people stay. A cultural center has a good location away from traffic and close to the park, which enables a protected space for children. Shops are located where the traffic is busier since the space is less pleasant and the visits are shorter. Blocks are divided into smaller plots on the square, while along the boulevards plots are larger since more people are passing by.

Café/bar Café/bar/restaurant Galleria Retail General retail/food Info and kiosk Kiosk Supermarket Cultural centre Leisure Hotel Plots

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Greenery and spaces

Flexible Meeting point

Info/ kiosk Meeting point

Greenery

Spaces

Result

Greenery should protect the square from the traffic and create a calmer and enclosed space. It is pushed to the sides to enhance the feeling that the space is more intimate. It should not be a barrier to the entrances.

The space is divided into different functions. Meeting and resting points, info and kiosk as well as a flexible space for larger gatherings. Space is left for the path of the green line going to the park to have a clear entrance.

On the main square sparse and low greenery along facades should be used to create easy access and avoid casting long shadows. The clusters of threes can be higher to mark the entrance to the park and create a shelter from the sun.

Hisingen Square

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HISINGEN SQUARE | Building density and rules

The plots are generally divided into smaller stores on the main square where restaurants are located. It is to avoid the establishment of large chains and generate an active and diverse square. Along boulevards stores are larger since more people are passing by and possible chain shops attract people.

Main square

To create an attractive square, the sun is important. The angle of the sun is lower in west which results in one building with a fixed height.

h = 24 m

12:00 summer B

12:00 winter

Heights Legend

Equal to boulevards, ca 8-10 stories 5 stories higher Maximum 3 stories higher Maximum 30 m high 1 story lower 2 stories lower

Active Legendsquare, plot division > 15 m divides in 2 Legend > 20 divides in 3 > 40 along street in 2 Legend Possible increased ceiling height, poor light conditions Plots

Smaller plots on the main square to generate a diversity of users and landowners Larger plots on the edges of the square where more people pass.

Plot rules, heights, FSI and GSI

Sun - section A

18:00 winter summer solstice 18:00 may 18:00 aug

Legend

Main square

GSI, FSI N

0,5 - 0,6 0,7 - 0,8 1

Corner plots are larger due to poor lighting condition. They should accommodate more than one program or be devided for renting out. Ceiling height can be higher.

Height- equal to or higher than boulevards

h < 30

Uses upper floors Housing units are not allowed to face the square.

Sun - section B

4,5 4,5 - 4,8 5,8 6,8

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representative image

Hisingen Square

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BRANTINGSSTADEN ANTON EDBERG A strict framework with various sensory inputs in former Backaplan.

PROPOSAL | Main map

200

500 m

Following the existing connections of the former Backaplan, the proposal contains a well performed grid relying on the rules of the masterplan.

Legend

Brantingsstaden

Offices Higher housing with businesses Lower housing Public square Green public space Larger first floor business space Tram stop Future development

Weaving Hisingen

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BRANTINGSSTADEN | Project description

In the former Backaplan, known for its commercial services within large paved undefined spaces, a new neighborhood performs coherent with its context. Among both closed building blocks and open yards, the streets varies between five different street typologies serving both local and global scale of Gothenburg. Dwellings with first floor businesses lies adjacent with the two main streets, connected from BjurslĂ¤tt and Brunnsbo while offices and businesses are located towards the three boulevards. The space divisions of the three boulevards varies due to the new proposed tram system which comes from

west and continues north-east. Along this boulevard, a larger park between the neighborhood and RingĂśn is proposed within the masterplan. Across the neighborhood, another existing, but also extended, park is located. These parks are connected by the main street system, but also through a pedestrian walkway which also connects to the main square, located in the center of the grid system. The square is also adjacent with the two main streets. Another square is located in the north part. This serves a more local scale, but is expected to increase in importance as the development of Hisingen continues.

30m boulevard with tram.

Legend Pedestrian Car lanes Parking Businesses Tram lanes

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Street typologies

13m regular street.

20m main street.

Legend Pedestrian Car lanes Parking Businesses Housing

Brantingsstaden

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BRANTINGSSTADEN | Building typologies

200

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Coherent building typologies can be found in both Kvilleb채cken, Br채mareg책rden and Bjursl채tt. This to provide diversity but also to weave the neighborhoods.

Legend

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Compact business building Open yard - more private block Open yard - more public block Compact housing building Closed larger block Closed smaller block Irregular closed block

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Weaving Hisingen

Plots and street typologies

100m

The buildings and plots divisions follows certain rules. Rectangular building shapes are divided into six plots or as one single property. Irregular shapes are divided into either four, three or two depending on the angles of the shape. Within these building divisions, first floor businesses are divided into 7x14m (closest to 100m2) divisions, providing a sales system for the property owner. Larger business space is suggested towards the larger roads and in corners, suitable for larger business which requires more hidden staff area as restaurant kitchens or storages. Every property does contain at least one staircase access.

Legend

Brantingsstaden

Offices and businesses Higher housing and businesses Lower housing Staircase access Green public space

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GREEN CONNECTION LISBET SIMOENS Solve the big barrier from oversized car infrastructure in combination with railways by removing the tracks and convert it into green area.

GREEN CONNECTION Lisbet Simoens This keyproject goes about the green connection. It is an important part of the masterplan because it solves a big barrier. It connects different neighborhoods who were separated before.

- Green links. A city that promotes walking and biking over motorism. Every citizen should have access to green spaces. Solve the lack of green in Hisingen.

The railway park is connected to the green line. Which is a good connected green network. Walkable for pedestrians and on some places for bicycles and some will become a boulevard. Along this green line are a lot of public places connected with the focus on parks. The railway park is one of the important green places along this green structure.

- Connecting neighborhoods who are lacking of connection. Integrate and strengthen the public and residential uses around the park. The identity of each different area is preserved and integrated into a mixed and flexible program.

The aim of the green connection

-Hisingen Focus

-Activating the waterfront

- Co-presence

Solve the big barrier from the oversized car infrastructure in combination with railways by removing the tracks and convert it into green area.

Green connection

Weaving Hisingen

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GREEN CONNECTION | The hierarchy of green structure

The hierarchy of the green structure. The green line is a good connected green network. Walkable for pedestrians and on some places for bicycles and some will become a boulevard. Along this green structure are a lot of public places connected with the focus on parks.

Legend Boulevards Secondary structure connecting green Bike traffic and pedestrians Pedestrians Entrance

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Context

Oversized car infrastructure in combination with railways close of large amounts of land, which forms holes in the urban fabric. The green connection weaves the urban fabric back together by solving the big barriers.

Green connection

Weaving Hisingen

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GREEN CONNECTION | Problem description

On Hisingen oversized car infrastructure in combination with railways close of large amounts of land, which forms holes in the urban fabric. In particular the train tracks (which are leftovers of the harbor economy) are a big barrier along Lundbyleden and between Ringön and Backaplan. The rails are partly removed and converted into green areas. Freight trains are lead north and connect to the main land north of Hisingen. They come together before Kungälv. The train tracks on the right of Hisingen are already existing tracks which can be converted into parks. The train tracks on the left gets a new connection to the north instead of through the city.

greenery on Hisingen. We also did the analyses of distance to nature areas and again the city center has a better connection to nature areas. Most of the area’s on Hisingen had a bad connection this needs to be solved.

When we did the analyses we saw that green was missing on a lot of places. We did the analyses of distance to parks. Most green areas are around the city center. Lacking of parks or

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Streets 0

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There are design methods used to form the urban plan. The first method is framing the park. Clarifying the boundaries is an important method for activating a park. That can be done by activating the sides of the park to introduce a boundary. Boundaries are also about including. The second one is activating the surrounding with different activities. The third method is the green logic of space. Using the surrounding to define the character of the park.

Legend Building 1-2 floor(s) Building 3 floors Building 4-highest floor(s) Boulevards Secondary structure connecting green Bike traffic and pedestrians Pedestrians Entrance

Green connection

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GREEN CONNECTION | Distribution of flows 0

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The roads have hierarchy. The flow in the park is not totally fixed but the main connections through the park should have paths witch are good connected. For example a path that goes trough and follows some train tracks can be a good connection. The connections trough the park between Backaplan and Ringรถn are also important. Of course, there are other paths between it but that should be solved by a landscape architect.

Legend Boulevards Secondary structure connecting green Bike traffic and pedestrians Pedestrians

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Land divisions 0

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The housing area above the park is mainly apartments and row houses. The apartments are located on the boulevard and therefor they are higher. The row houses are located closer to the park. The closer to the park the more local and lower the housing area is.

Legend

Green connection

Cafe and restaurants Offices Religious buildings Cultural buildings Shops Industries Villas Rowhouses Apartments Shops on first floor - Apartments

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GREEN CONNECTION | Building density 0

5 km

The apartments are located along the boulevard so they are higher than the row houses along the park. They can be 3 floors high. The row houses can maximum be 2 floors high.

Legend Building 1-2 floor(s) Building 3 floors Building 4-highest floor(s) Boulevards Secondary structure connecting green

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Weaving Hisingen

Street sections

Green connection

Weaving Hisingen

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HARBOUR CREATIVE ART DISTRICT BO HAN The creative area based on Lindholmen industrial harbour, to create an attractive district in the city and memorize the city.

Problem description

Gothenburg city now is trying to redevelop Hisingen and areas along the river bank. The northern part now is quite segregated from the city. There is a big lack of residential buildings in Gothenburg but there should be more points being considered. Looking back to the history of the city, we can see that the city developed into an important industrial city with the help of harbour. So harbour and industry are the two elements should be memorized when redeveloping the city.

functions. In the new masterplan, the Lindholmen harbour area becomes integrated and to some extent has centrality, which shows the potential of having a creative art district to become an attraction in the city. Remaining some characters of industrial harbour, such as the cranes, and combining with creative functions, an art district will help the city to be more active.

Then from the distribution analysis of culture related buildings we can see that in the whole city there is a lack of attractive CONCEPT TO REMEMBER THE CITY'S HISTORY

CONCEPT

King Charles IX took the decision to build the city of Gothenburg in 1607 at the current area Färjestaden on the island Hisingen. The 17th century Gothenburg was one of Northern Europe's most fortiﬁed cities.

Because of the ﬁres a building ordinance was added in 1803 which declared that only stone houses could be built inside the moat. Particularly the industrial revolution came to change the urban landscape and new industrial harbours along the river Göta älv came to replace the older and smaller ones.

The original city

New rules of material

The city has been praised for having succeeded in developing the areas where the shipbuilding industries were once located. Entirely new districts has been constructed around the old shipyards and industrial buildings in new districts like Eriksberg, Sannegården and Lindholmen.

Redeveloping industrial areas

Legend

15th Century

18th Century

17th Century

function original

20th Century

19th Century

Bibliotek Eventplace & Activityhouse Gallery & Collection Kulturhus Kulturskolor

21st Century

Nya Lödöse

Grew into a huge city

More integral (Hisingen)

The first town at the river Göta älv's outlet.

The port's importance grew and thanks to the Swedish East India Company, as well as exports of iron and wood, Gothenburg became a major trading and shipping town. The tobacco and sugar industry was along with the herring ﬁshery other key industries and gave the city of Gothenburg big proﬁts.

The island Hisingen became a more integral part of the city centre of Gothenburg when neighborhoods like Lindholmen, Lundby, Brämaregården and Rambergsstaden was built.

Axial_140507 0.35 - 0.80 0.80 - 1.00 1.00 - 1.30 1.30 - 1.50 1.50 - 1.80 1.80 - 2.10 2.10 - 3.30 Stamen Toner Lite/OSM

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1000

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Spatial Morphology Design Studio Bo HAN

- Industrial harbour - Redeveloping - More open

Harbour Creative Art District

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HARBOUR CREATIVE ART DISTRICT | Urban design proposal

The project locates on Lindholmen harbour area with three main access according to the analysis results of network integration and network betweenness, two for cars and one only for pedestrian. Together with the existing cultural and industrial buildings and some harbour cranes along the water, it comes to be possible to keep the memory of the city and create an attractive area.

· Keep the memory of the city and harbour

Starting with the street network, the system is distributed into roads with car lanes and pedestrian walking path, both of which has different hierarchy. The cranes are kept as landmarks and provide a leading sense for people from various directions. Most areas are rule-based planning and the rules varies from each other according to the existing properties and proposed uses.

· Create interaction between water and people, between indoor and outdoor, between industry and new urban

· Enrich the diversity of the whole city · Take advantage of existing industrial elements · Creative art & cultural district

Harbour crane Boulevard Main access Main network (car) Secondary network (car) Waterfront walking path Pedestrian street Indoor walking street New building area Creative functions Cultural & event building Office building Information building Public open space Semi-public open space Street front area Plot division

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Structural plan 0

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Harbour Creative Art District

500 m

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HARBOUR CREATIVE ART DISTRICT | Streets

The street network in the project is split into car system and pedestrian system. It is ensured that every plot has a car access with different hierarchies. As a walkable creative art district, it is important that there are enough pedestrian streets and to reflect on the harbour theme, all the waterfront have wide walking path with leisure areas. There are also a potential of indoor walking street in the area proposed to be commercial.

Legend Main access Main network (car) Secondary network (car) Waterfront walking path Pedestrian street Indoor walking street

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Network of public spaces In the main creative area, there are street front areas for all plots which means there is a pretty good interaction between buildings and streets. In the open space system it is ensured that all the open spaces along the water are completely public for people and some of them in front of or behind office buildings are semi-public which work for people who work or live there.

Legend Public open space Semi-public open space Street front area

Harbour Creative Art District

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HARBOUR CREATIVE ART DISTRICT | Land divisions

Areas with small blocks and plots are mainly proposed as the thematic district with an information and service center at the corner of bridge and small square. Two cultural and event buildings are kept as current situation with a potential of renovation and one more can be built near them. The western part of the harbour area can be built mainly as offices with a transition of commerce on the ground floor between the creative part and dwelling-mixed part.

Upper Floor use

Legend Dwelling Office Commerce Cultural & Event Creative area Information & Service

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Ground Floor use

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Weaving Hisingen

Building density

D: FSI = 2.1 GSI = 0.75 Typology - property from existing Material - stone

Due to the properties of different zones, the plot size in Zone A, B and C is smaller than that of Zone D, E, F and G. Also there is a trend that it goes smaller and smaller from Zone A to C (from the main access to the waterfront), which means it is more and more flexible and creative when it comes closer to the water. To react to the history of Gothenburg cityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s building history, the richness of material can be used also increases when it comes closer to the water.

A: FSI = 1.0 GSI = 0.42 Typology - without specific typology Material - stone E: FSI = 2.4 GSI = 0.84 Typology - property from existing Material - stone

B: FSI = 0.7 GSI = 0.37 Typology - without specific typology Material - stone & wood

B C

E F

F: FSI = 2.0 GSI = 0.53 Typology - property from existing Material - stone

Legend C: FSI = 0.5 GSI = 0.33 Typology - without specific typology Material - stone & wood & steel

Harbour Creative Art District

G: FSI = 3.0 GSI = 0.57 Typology - property from existing Material - stone

Building zone division Plot division

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HARBOUR CREATIVE ART DISTRICT | Street sections

The street network are in hierarchy of different width according to amounts of car lanes and if there is transition area, such as street front and waterfront.

Main Access

Main Network inside the district

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Waterfront walking path

Weaving Hisingen

Zoom in 0

200 m

This zoom in part shows how the corner where the bridge from Frihamnen, the information center, the small square and the waterfront walking path meet together works. There is a mix of creative functions inside the building area. Also there are enough open space along the water. Whatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s more, it shows a potential of how the industrial elements can be designed into the project, such as extending the walking path underneath the harbour cranes and using the shape of industrial pipes as pattern on the square.

Legend Information & Service Restaurant & Cafe Gallery & Collection Shop & Retails Studio & Workshop

Harbour Creative Art District

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HARBOUR CREATIVE ART DISTRICT | Scenario

The street front area provides the possibility of interaction between buildings and streets, between indoor and outdoor. It also increase the attractiveness of the whole creative art district. The harbour cranes are on some important sight spots and give a leading sense for pedestrians. The waterfront walking path going underneath cranes make more sense to the industrial harbour memory.

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THA

Harbour Creative Art District

Spatial Morphology Design Studio Bo HAN

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BRIDGEDHAMNEN MARC DĂ&#x2030;LEZ This multifunctional bridging building and transportation hub, connects Frihamen docks, to generate movement and transform the surrounding in an attractive gate for the new Hisingen.

Flows 0

200 m

This map shows how the different flows are articulated within floor 0 of this building on a C-plan. This shape makes it possible to embrace the ferry landing and prevent the three bridges from meeting at the same place, which would complicate traffic between bicycles and pedestrians. Bicycles circulate on the outside of the C and pedestrians on the inside. The crossing points of the flows become capital and thus welcome the vertical circulations. All around, separating cycling and pedestrians, there are commercial areas and zones allowing to pass from one mode of transport to the other. The first floor thus functions as an interface between three ways of getting around the city : on foot, by bicycle or by public transport.

Legend Pedestrian Bike Public transport Changing transportation mode Vertical circulations Cultural Shops

Bridgedhamnen

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BRIDGEDHAMNEN | Uses

The plans of the 3 floors break down like a city, the first floor near the ground floor and therefore better connected to the city hosts public functions, bars and restaurants, the next floors are entirely dedicated to student housing. This program makes it possible to reflect the building as a district with its streets made up of wide corridors in which the only activity is undoubtedly not to move, squares which become common spaces where to exchange and finally parks which become here terraces and which are all connected between it by steps in order to support the exchanges within the building itself. To really understand the links between the city and this key building itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s important to take a look at the drawing on the right page.

500 m

Legend

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Main circulations Secondary circulations Restaurant & bar Students rooms Semi-public areas Green terraces

Spatial Morphology Design Studio 2018

Weaving Hisingen

Relations inside - outside The axonometry shows that the city flows enter the floors with the same logic of primary and secondary flows around which the programs crystallize according to the expected privacy around the city : on foot, by bicycle or by public transport.

Legend Boulevard Main structure Secondary structure Public Transport Culture & Food Commecial

Bridgedhamnen

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BRIDGEDHAMNEN | Main map 0

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This general map shows how the programs are distributed in the districts, and the grid that follows the blocks, the views towards the historic center are preserved thanks to the axes that follow them, the commercial areas follow the main axes and benefit from smaller blocks in order to favour the establishment of local shops. We can also see here the large square allowing the organization of big event in the heart of the city served by the ferry. The 15 meters from the street along the square are reserved for the establishment of restaurants and shops that can also enjoy events on the square.

Legend Main structure Secondary structure Public transport Public space 15m from the street for pop up uses Parks Yards Dwelings Cultural & Education Commercial Parking

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Sections In the section we can see that horizontally the building is integrated in the neighborhood, on the top we see the stairs who work as an invitation to drain the flows inside.

Bridgedhamnen

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Bridgedhamnen

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Chalmers Architecture and Civil Engineering Gothenburg, Sweden, May 2018