Yang Hu Architectural Portfolio (1) by Jessie Hu

Yang Hu

MArch Portfolio Atelier: QED Studio 4.2

Yang Hu 15107065

Introduction Intellectual Support Team Dynamic Philip Beesley

LAKA

rsa competitions

Introduction Initial Research & Approaches Application of Research & Material Analysis

Introduction Team Dynamic

Project Development Review of Competition Outcome Critical Reflection - analysing winners Post-Entry Team Analysis Self Evaluation

Waste Not Want Not

Milan study trip

Project Rural

Biomimetics workshop

Super Crit Feedback Proposal Development Hero Image Project Personal Reflection

One Manâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Waste Super Crit Feedback Proposal Development Hero Image Project Personal Reflection

Conclusion Bibliography

Digital Design & Fabrication Symposium During ADD, we learnt and applied digital fabrication in different stages of implementation of the design â&#x20AC;&#x201C; additive, subtractive and assembly. By introducing us to Arduino, we also created an array of precedents that we could rely on and also learn its process. During its inception stage of the project, we studied the use of bimetal (expansion & contraction) and biomimetics (the sand grouse, camel, desert fox etc) as an alternative use of integrating it as its systematic form. By understanding its application as surface, structure and system, we multiplied and tested them on different parts of the design.

THINK! Seminar Think seminar is about Ecologies, Territories and Spaces. Text were given for us students to read and have a discussion among ourselves to promote sharing of intellectual thought and promote constructive argument and discussions. Key text of think are being integrated into projects during the research and conceptualisation phase for a more distinct and complex output.

Advanced Digital Design Advanced Digital Design introduced us to Maya and Revit as a tool for design. We explored the benefits of Green Building Studio and how it can be used to analysis the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s performance with stimulations to optimise energy efficiency and to work towards a carbon neutral design. Through engaging with various digital tools, I decided apply the techniques learnt in Maya and applied it to Grasshopper in Rhino for exploring various ways of dynamically designing the external facade.

Intellectual Support

Choo Wei Ee Danson

Yang Jessie Hu

ShengXin

Alvise Moretti

QUALITIES:

- Sheet Layout - Rhino Skills - Problem Solver

- Hand Sketches - Photoshop - Articulates Well

- Illustrator Skills - Presentation Skills -Communicates constructively

- SketchUp Modelling - Illustrator Abilities - Listens Actively

TEAM Dynamics

philip beesley

Responsive and distributed architectural environments and interactive systems, flexible lightweight structures integrating kinetic functions, microprocessing, sensor and actuator systems, with particular focus on digital fabrication methods and sheet-material derivations.

BRIEF BREAKDOWN

Our initial reaction is to understand: - What React means. - What can be categorised as reactive? - Reactive materials. ie Physical reactions - Reactive natural systems. ie Homoeostasis - Reactive scientific experiments. ie Potassium reacting with water

Taken as a whole, the range of published evidence indicates that the net damage costs of climate change are likely to be significant and to increase over time. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC)

_Laka To React is to Live

_What if Architecture Could REACT?

MARINE ECOSYSTEM

Oceans will acidify as a result of absorbing carbon dioxide. Ocean acidification in the Arctic could destroy ecosystems by killing plants and animals, and dissolve the living organism.

The arctic rise will be as much as ...

DROUGHT

Drought events occur twice as frequently across southern Africa, South East Asia and the Mediterranean basin. The UK is also more likely to see droughts in the summer.

WATER SHORTAGES

River flow will be reduced in the Mediterranean, southern Africa and large areas of South America. Water metering will be implemented in UK.

SEA LEVEL RISES

Sea levels could rise by as much as 80cm by the end of the century. Combined with storm surges could pose a serious threat to the Netherlands and South East UK.

MELTING GLACIERS

Himalayan glaciers will be significantly reduced by 2050 putting the water source of billions of people at risk. South America and the Alps will also see glaciers retreat.

MAP OF RISING TEMPERATURES AND THE LONG TERM AND SHORT TERM EFFECTS There were many Architectural Problems that could benefit from using reactive Architecture. IE Increasing demand for social housing. Rising Population Tackling the problem of Climate Change. Rising Global temperature. There can be an unlimited number of small simple solutions that impacted the large scale project of Climate Change.

POSITION

+2 +3 +4 +5 +6 +7 +8 +9 +10 +11 Change in temperature from pre-industrial climate

EFFECTS of Climate Change

The average temperature rise across the globe will be...

CARBON CYCLE

Rising temperature and CO2 will result in feed back. The release of even more greenhouse gases.

HEATWAVES

Extreme rises in temperature across the world. London could reach 40c. New York could see summer temperatures above 50c.

FOOD SHORTAGES

Maize and wheat yields reduction of 40% in Africa, pushing many states towards starvation. Rice yield of fall by 30% in Asia. Doughts in the South East will make it dfficult to grow crops in UK.

FOREST FIRES

A rise in temperature will cause large areas of the Amazon to be lost, southern Europe, Australia and the US will also suffer more forest fires.

APPROACH

GLOBAL WARMING The average global surface temperature of Earth has risen by .8 degrees Celsius since 1880, and is now increasing at a rate of about .1 degree Celsius per decade. This image shows how 2010 temperatures compare to average temperatures from a baseline period of 1951-1980, as analyzed by scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute for Space Studies. Credit: NASA GISS

Shrinking glacier, Yosemite 2015

Currently estimated to be 15 to 20 feet thick, losing about three feet of thickness each year. Newly exposed bedrock is visible on the east side of the 2014 image.

Shrinking ice cap, Iceland http://climate.nasa.gov/climate_resources/115/

Global land - ocean temperature index

2050

Not all of the changes are associated with volcanic activity. In the 2014 image, the depressions at the southwestcentral part of the ice cauldrons caused by geothermal heat from below.

Shrinking Lake, Central Asia

2100

Dry Conditions in 2014 caused the southern sea’s eastern lobe to dry up completely for the first time in modern times. The loss of a large body of water has made the region’s winter colder and summers hotter and drier.

As our ocean WARMS, sea level RISES Sea levels are rising, the urgent questions are by how much and how quickly?

RISING HEAT TEMPERATURE Heated water molecules move and interact more - thermal expansion, in action.

ICE CAPS MELTING The extra heat cause the melting of ice sheets and glaciers on land. Warming two times quicker than everywhere else in the world.

Ocean absorbs more than 90% of the heat trapped by human-produced GREENHOUSE GAS

APPROACH

SEA LEVEL RISE: 1880 - 2013 Sea levels have risen about 8 inches since the beginning of the 20th century. The ocean is projected to rise by as much as 3 feet or more by the end of the century.

EVERYTHING around us is considered as a REACTION

SIMPLE 2 WAY STRUCTURES

CELL

SIMPLE 4 WAY STRUCTURES

ENVIRONMENT

4 WAY MULTIPLIED

BENDING/TENSION

STATE OF REACTION RECIPROCAL REACTION

Following on the idea that everything undergoes an environmental interaction whereby for example cells are influencing the environment and vice versa. How the cycle of a cell influencing the environment and the environment therefore also influencing the cell. RECIPROCAL REACTION. DUAL REACTION.

RECIPROCAL STRUCTURES In a less abstract context, reciprocal structures relies on bending and stretching of each other’s stresses to be stationary. It’s very logical to use this way of solve a problem that has been presented by nature. Designing with ecological systems that occur in nature will make the overall system more resilient to climate change.

HELIOTROPISM

REACTIVE NATURAL SYSTEM TROPISM

We looked into tropism state, a biological phenomenon, indicating growth or movement of a biological organism in response to an environmental stimulus to achieve homoeostasis as the fundamentals of our design. This allows us to embody technology to solve problems, greater than economy means, a biomimicry process.

BEDOUIN

heliotropism

Movement in response to the sun to optimise photosynthesis.

DIAHELIOTROPISM

paraheliotropism

Tendency to respond to light of the sun by orienting their leaves ELIOTROPISM parallel to the sun’s raysPARAHELIOTROPISM to avoid water loss under extreme heat.

PARAHELIOTROPISM

Diaheliotropism

Tendency to respond to light of the sun by orienting their leaves perpendicular to theDIAHELIOTROPISM sun’s rays to receive maximum light.

PARAHELIOTROPISM

Reactive:

Ligulas Showing a response to a stimulus Acting in response to a situation rather than creating or controlling it. Petals Ligulas AM

Pulvinus Petals

GROWTH HORMONES

INFLUX OF POTASSIUM ION Concentration Gradient

Pulvinus

GROWTH HORMONES

INFLUX OF POTASSIUM ION Concentration Gradient

Geometrical Leaves

NOON

SUNFLOWER Geometrical When sunflower is exposed to sunlight, part of the petal Leaves shades a part of the pulvinus, causing heat differentiation

NOON

between the shaded and exposed side.

PLANT REACTION HELIOTROPISM

Using inspiration from plants and the fundamentals: plants come in all different shapes and sizes but they all need to photosynthesis to stay alive. So no matter the condition, it will be able to ADAPT & EVOLVE to suit the needs for gathering sunlight. Many ecological systems all need sunlight to function. One of the essentials.

Sunflower Heliotropes

EVERYTHING around is considered as a REACTION When sunflower is exposed to sunlight, part of Many things are a responsethe topetal a natural shades astimulus. part of the pulvinus, causing heatforms differentiation between the shaded and Plants come in different sizes, and function. exposed side. identical. However their internal structure is almost

Sunflower Heliotropes When sunflower is exposed to sunlight, part of the petal shades a part of the pulvinus, causing heat differentiation between the shaded and

NET PRESSURE

OSMOSIS

This results in an EXPANSION & ELONGATION of the pulvinus at the sun’s shaded side, ceating a pushing pressure towards the sun. PM

NET PRESSURE

OSMOSIS

This results in an EXPANSION & ELONGATION of the pulvinus at the sun’s shaded side, ceating a pushing pressure towards the sun.

ECOLOGICAL RESILIENCE

23 °C

33 °C

43 °C

53 °C

RATE OF INCREASE TEMPERATURE RATE OF EXPANSION

STATE OF REACTION REACTIVE MATERIALS The distinctive characteristics of Bi-Metal is it’s ability to tolerate extremes in temperature and strain. It is even more distinctive in being able to expand and shrink under these temperature and as a member of the smart material family; return to it’s original state when temperatures drop.

Bi-Metal is a smart material that we used to develop the kinetic reactive outer skin. So through modelling we mimicked the shape shifting characteristic of the bi-metal under different heat exposures from the sun’s orientation.

‘ Under the imperatives of growing recognition of the ecological failures of modern design, inspired by the growing presence of advanced fabrication methods. Design culture is witnessing a new materiality. ‘ Oxman

‘ Material Ecology is an emerging field in design denoting informed relations between products, buildings, systems and their environment. ‘ Height

ITERATIVE

GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m

PASSIVE HEAT HARVESTING

ITERATIVE

ITERATIVE Conceptual Adaptive System

ITERATIVE

A physical movement of PV/algae panels are a show of direct response to changing architecture. The complaxity of the concept is a reciprocal process that forms an interaction with humans.

ITERATIVE

GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m

Reciprocal reaction GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m

GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m

PASSIVE HEAT HARVESTING

INTER-DEPENDENT REACTIONS; A physical panels HEAT HARVESTING GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m movement of PV/AlgaePASSIVE Adaptiveto System are a show ofConceptual direct response changing architecture. The complexity of the concept is that it involves a reciprocal process that forms an interaction with GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m ecologies. A physical movement of PV/algae panels are a show of direct response to changing architecture. The complaxity of the concept is a reciprocal process that forms an interaction with humans.

GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m

PASSIVE HEAT HARVESTING GRIDED LAYOUT - 20m

PASSIVE HEAT HARVESTING

Conceptual Adaptive System PASSIVE HEAT HARVESTING

PASSIVE HEAT HARVESTING

A physical movement of PV/algae panels are a show of direct response to changing architecture. The complaxity of the concept is a reciprocal process that forms an interaction with humans.

PASSIVE HEAT HARVESTING

ADAPTIVE SYSTEM ENGINEERED RESILIENCE COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM form the basis of our response to reactive architecture. Combining the core research ideas, we incorperated PV panels that track the sun like the sunflower. The interaction process is using algae panels as a catalyst to produce O2 and absorb CO2

Feedback

Action Plan

The proposition is not yet clear but there is a defined platform from which to develop. Images are generally well organised and legible given the context of the presentation. The key to successful development will be that `reciprocity` can be demonstrated in the design manifestation in a distinctive, original and valid way. How will you demonstrably achieve more than other examples that follow this trajectory?

To look further into how the current idea of the pavilion can perform functions more than just collective solar energy and how it can be done more effectively in a distinctive, original and valid way. The proposal of the pavilion being able to fully sustain itself is being considered.

Conceptual Adaptive System A physical movement of PV/algae panels are a show of direct response to changing architecture. The complaxity of the concept is a reciprocal process that forms an interaction with humans.

REACTIVE FACADE ENGINEERED RESILIENCE

Different combination of facade was taken under different lighting to stimulate the natural sunlight throughout the day. The aim is to identify a suitable combination of arrangement for maximum sunlight exposure for maximum solar energy harvesting.

‘ With the growing relevance of “materialisation”, the new frontiers of material science and digital fabrication are supporting the emergence of new perspectives in architectural and industrial design. ‘ Manaugh

ENGINEERED RESILIENCE

Instead of having a static facade with different heights based on the simple experiment conducted with the lighting, the idea of having a reactive facade which expands and contracts at different times of the day is considered. The reactive facade expands and grows in height to avoid being overshadowed by its twin facade during different times of the day for maximum solar energy harvesting.

desert adaptations

The two main adaptations that desert animals make are how to deal with lack of water with the extremes in temperature.

Increasing desert survivability increasing desert survivability The desert environment are harsh with extreme temperature. However, various animals and plants have survived and thrive in this environment

desert adaptations animals make are how to deal with lack of desert adaptations water with the extremes in temperature.

The desert environment are harsh with extreme temperature. However, animals and plants have survived and thrive in this environment. The two main adaptations that desert

bility

ever, various

daptations

desert and how ert environment

The two main adaptations that desert animals make are how to deal with lack of Sandgrouse’s feathers water with the extremes in temperature.

The feathers of the Sandgrouse's belly are specially feathers adapted for absorbing water and retaining The feathers of the belly are specially adapted for it, allowing adults, particularly males, to absorbing water and retaining it, allowing adults, carry water to chicks that may be many males, to carry water to chicks that milesparticularly away from watering holes.

may be many miles away from watering holes. Sandgrouse's feathers

Mind map of animal

mind map of animal adaptations

adaptation

Research on different types of animals in the desert and how it adapts to the specific aspect of the desert environment

Research on different types of animals in the desert and how it adapts to the specific aspect of the desert environment.

Crucial aspects for desert crucial aspects for desert survival

survival

Crucial aspects to address for survival in the desert such as the extreme temperature, lack of water, sandstorms etc are identified and categorised.

The feathers of the belly are specially adapted for feathers absorbing waterSandgrouse's and retaining it, allowing adults, Theparticularly feathers ofmales, the belly are specially adapted for to carry water to chicks that crucial aspects for desert survival absorbing and retaining it, allowing Crucial aspects to address for survival in the desertbe such many aswatermiles may away from wateringadults, holes. the extreme temperature, lack of water, sandstorms etc are identified and categorised. particularly males, to carry water to chicks that Camel’s eyes, nose, ears camel's eyes, nose, ears may be many miles awaylong fromeyelashes watering The camel’s andholes. ear hairs, The camel’s long eyelashes and ear hairs, together with nostrils that can close, together nostrils forming a barrierwith against sand. Ifthat sandcan getsclose, forming a barrier against sand. If sand lodged in their eyes, they can dislodge it gets lodged in using their their transparent third eyelid. eyes, they can dislodge it using their camel's eyes, nose, ears transparent third eyelid. The camel’s long eyelashes and ear hairs, camel's eyes, nose, earsa together with nostrils that can close, forming The camel’s long eyelashes and ear hairs, barrier against sand. If sand gets lodged in together with nostrils that can close, forming a their eyes, they can dislodge it using their barrier against sand. If sand gets lodged in transparent third eyelid. hump it using their their eyes,Camel’s they can dislodge The humps are reservoirs of fatty tissue transparent third eyelid. hump which minimizes the insulating effect camel's fat The humps are reservoirs of of fatty tissue which would have if distributed over the rest theirminimizes bodies, helping survive in hotfat would have if the camels insulating effect climates. distributed over the rest of their bodies, helping camels survive in hot climates. camel's hump The humps are reservoirs of fatty tissue which camel's minimizes the insulating effect fat would hump have if The humps arethe reservoirs of fatty tissuehelping which distributed over rest of their bodies, minimizes the insulating effect fat would have if camels survive in hot climates. distributed over the rest of their bodies, helping camels survive in hot climates.

Fennec Fox’s ears

The fennec’s characteristic ears are the largest among all foxes relative to body size, and serve to dissipate heat, as they have many blood vessels close to the skin.

The est a se

Fen

The fennec's character est among all foxes Fen rela The fennec's character serve to dissipate hea est among all blood foxes rela ves serve to dissipate hea blood ves Pangolin’s scale Pango coveri Pangolin’s have large, protective keratin

scales covering their skin. The keratin scales pr wrap up in tension, adding to its toughness pa for its protection against predator or Pangolins have large, pro sandstorms pa

covering their skin. The k Pangolins have large, prot in tension, adding covering their skin. Theprk protection against in tension, adding t protection against pr

Components translation components translation

The distinct characteristics of the desert animals are mimicked and translated into The distinct characteristics of the desert animals are mimicked and different serving the same translatedcomponents into different components serving the purpose. same purpose. PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ROLLING BALL JOINT

BRACKET INSULATION

CONNECTING JOINT

HEAT SENSING PUMP

INFLATABLE BALLOON

METAL DECK LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

EXPANDED BALLOON

ROLLING BALL JOINT

BRACKET INSULATION

CONNECTING JOINT

HEAT SENSING PUMP CONNECTING JOINT

LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

EXPANDED BALLOON

STELL STRUCTURE PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ADAPTED LOUVRES

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

INFLATABLE BALLOON

METAL DECK

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

CONNECTING JOINT

BRACKET

WATER STORAGE

INSULATION HEAT SENSING PUMP

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

METAL DECK

ROLLING BALL JOINT

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

CONNECTING JOINT

STELL STRUCTURE INFLATABLE BALLOON

GLASS PV PANELS

LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

ADAPTED LOUVRES EXPANDED BALLOON

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

CONDENSOR WATER FILTER

ROLLING BALL JOINT

BRACKET INSULATION

CONNECTING JOINT

HEAT SENSING PUMP

INFLATABLE BALLOON

METAL DECK LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

EXPANDED BALLOON

R ABSORBING POLYMER PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

camel's Camel’s eyes,eyes, nose,nose, ears ears

Fennec Fox's ears Fennec Fox’s ears & Camel’s hump

The The camel’s camel’slong long eyelashes eyelashesareare trans& camel's hump CONNECTING JOINT translated into adaptive lated intoIRONadaptivelouvres lourves which ELECTROMAGNETISE The heat dissipating characteristics are which prevents sand from entering, STELL STRUCTURE The heat dissipating characteristics are translated into prevents sand from entering, protective translated structures balloon structures into whichballoon expands when exposedwhich to heat ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD protective the mega-structure against ADAPTED LOUVRES .It protects the mega-structure against strong rays of sun the mega-structure against sandstorms expands when exposed to heat .It GLASS sandstorms by providing a vacuum insulation and help dissipate heat protects the mega-structure against PV PANELS

BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

The feathers translated to feather-like The feathers areare translated to feather-like structures made up from high absorbent structures made up from high absorbent WATERpolymer STORAGE wrapped up by which which polymer wrapped upbi-metals by bi-metals opens up during the night to absorb water opens upcloses during night to absorp from the fog and up the to avoid water water fromlost theduring fog and closes up to avoid the day EXPANDABLE water lostBIMETALS during the day

WATER FILTER

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Sandgrouse's feathers Sandgrouse’s feathers

CONDENSOR

strong rays of sun by providing a vaccumm insulation and help dissipate heat

pangolin's Pangolin’s scalescale

protective scales is The The protective keratin keratin scales is translated into the steel structure of the building. translated into the steel structure of Tension forces of the twisted steel provide the buidling. Tension forces of the CONNECTING JOINT additional support for the mega-structure twisted steel provide additional STELL STRUCTURE support for the mega-structure ADAPTED LOUVRES

Components conceptualisation

‘ Thinking about landscapes futures asking: What will happen to these spaces over great spans of time? ‘

The distinct characteristics of the desert animals are mimicked and translated into different components serving the same purpose.

hensel and menges

Camel’s eyes, nose & ears

Protective barrier component, addressing sandstorms

s a nd g ro u se ’ s feathers

Water absorbing component, addressing the lack of water.

fennec fox’s ears & camel’s hump

Heat absorbing component, addressing the extreme heat.

Pangolin’s scale

Facade skin that combines all the individual components together.

Brainstorming of how each different components comes together to form the facade skin of the mega-structure.

Structure conceptualisation

â&#x20AC;&#x2DC; The capacity of materials and material systems to self-organise in response to an external stimulus. This concerns a type of system development that is characterised by the fact that the form-giving influences derive from the system, itself and that it evolves from the interaction of all subsystems.â&#x20AC;&#x2122;

Brainstorming of how each different components comes together to form the facade skin of the mega- structure.

hensel and menges

in itial idea

Initial idea Development from the initial Development from the initial pavilion idea idea to the of of pavilion to idea the idea having ahaving smalla scale shelter small scale shelter inserted sand dunes. inserted into into sand dunes

development 1

Development 1 Tower structure with the Tower structure with the feather components asasthe feather components the main main focalfocus point with living point with living spacessurrounding surrounding it. it spaces

development 2

2 IdeaDevelopment of having steel strucIdea of having steel structure tureswrapping wrapping around and around and forms formsthetheliving living spaces spaces with with the components integrated in the components integrated the facade skin. in the facade skin

development 3

Development 3 The structure takes shape The structure takes shape and idea of using sandandthethe idea of using bags as aasform of foundasandbags a form of foundation structure. tion for forthe the structure

final conceptualised vis ion Final conceptualised vision Final version of the development with the

Final version of the development with the steel structure steel structure havingComponents a wide base for suphaving a wide base for support. are integrated port. Components are intergrated the into the facade skin with the feather componentsinto hanging it for maximum potential. facadeover skin with the feather components

hanging over it for maximum potential

structure workability Structure workability

The structure was further explored and illustrated into a series of diagrams to show the development progress. The structure was further explored and illustrated into a series of diagrams to show the development progress.

Core core

Runningthroughout throughout the Running the strucstructure as a main element ture as a main element that that connects all the activities connects all the space activties within the internal and within the internal space and the exterior shell together. Also acting as the shell main service for the exterior together. access. Also acting as the main service for access.

Program program

The bottom mass functions Theasbottom mass functions a storage unit to collect allas a storage unit to collect allbe the the componentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s output to componentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s output to be cycled throughout the structure and throughout service the the possible cycled strucaccommodations on the upper ture and service the possible levels.

accommodations on the upper levels.

Structure structure

A series of rigid smart metal A series rigid smart metal frames of support the bracing frames support the bracing and tessellated panels that andlead tessellated that to snad bagpanels and water foundations. lead to tank snad bag and water

tank foundations.

Bracing bracings

The secondary structure drapes over structure theThe metalsecondary frame is the skeleton backing drapes over the metal frame is for tessellating panels to fixate to. But skeleton backing the the bracing also provides extrafor tension for the main structural frame as it tessellating panels to fixate twists in two directions. to. But the bracing also

provides extra tension for the main structural frame as it twists in two directions

Tessellations tesselations

Various combinations of the Various combinations the components that function of together that function so components that the tessellation provide an together and so changeable that the tessellainteresting facade on theprovide very exterior of the structure. tion an interesting and

changable facade on the very exterior of the structure.

Facade skin Integration of the individual components are integrated into the facade skin.

Wall section

Integration of the components into the facade skin.

pv panels

THERMO THERMO ; ; BALLOON BALLOON

PHOTO MECHANIC LOUVRE

Louvres

Ventilation and protection

helio SENSORS THERMO - BALLOON helio : : PHOTOTROPIC PHOTOTROPIC SENSORS

Dissipate heat

Helio - phototropic SENSORS

Water absorption

Balloons

PHOTO PHOTO ; ; MECHANIC MECHANIC LOUVRE LOUVRE

Feathers

Solar energy harvesting

exploded view

THE Recipro[CITY]

HELIO

HYDRO

PHOTO

THERMO

GRAVI

THE WORKING MECHANISM

Ligulas Petals

THE CAUSE

Pulvinus

Facing the many global problems to-date, rising temperature plays a big role in the overall well-being of our climate. How to design and fabricate a seemless connection between the environmental constraints, fabrication methods and material expressions of many architectural paradigms have become a crucial factor.

Leaves

BALLOONS

FEATHER

LOUVRES

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ROLLING BALL JOINT

BRACKET INSULATION

CONNECTING JOINT

HEAT SENSING PUMP

THE PROPOSAL CONCEPT

INFLATABLE BALLOON

METAL DECK LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

EXPANDED BALLOON PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

BRACKET INSULATION HEAT SENSING PUMP

ROLLING BALL JOINT

CONNECTING JOINT

INFLATABLE BALLOON

EXPANDED BALLOON

ROLLING BALL JOINT

EXPANDED BALLOON

CONNECTING JOINT STELL STRUCTURE

CONDENSOR

ADAPTED LOUVRES

WATER FILTER

GLASS

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

WATER STORAGE

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

BRACKET

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

PV PANELS

INSULATION

GLASS

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ROLLING BALL JOINT CONNECTING JOINT

HEAT SENSING PUMP

PV PANELS

INFLATABLE BALLOON

CONNECTING JOINT METAL DECK LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

CONDENSOR

EXPANDED BALLOON

STELL STRUCTURE WATER FILTER

ADAPTED LOUVRES

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

WATER STORAGE

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

GLASS PV PANELS

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

CONDENSOR WATER FILTER

THE reciprocal metrics

CONNECTING JOINT STELL STRUCTURE

ADAPTED LOUVRES

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

WATER STORAGE

CONDENSOR

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD WATER FILTER

GLASS

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

WATER STORAGE

PV PANELS

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD GLASS

TESSELATIONS

Various combinations of the components that function together so that the tessellation provide an interesting and changable facade on the very exterior of the structure.

THERMO ; BALLOON

BRACINGS

The secondary structure drapes over the metal frame is the skeleton backing for tessellating panels to fixate to. But the bracing also provides extra tension for the main structural frame as it twists in two directions.

HELIO ; PV/PHOTOTROPIC SENSORS

strUTURES

A series of rigid smart metal frames support the bracing and tessellated panels that lead to snad bag and water tank foundations.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

program

The bottom mass functions as a storage unit to collect all the component’s output to be cycled throughout the structure and service the possible accommodations on the upper levels.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Core

Running throughout the structure as a main element that connects all the activties within the internal space and the exterior shell together. Also acting as the main service for access.

PHOTO ; MECHANIC LOUVRE

PV PANELS

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

PV PANELS

CONNECTING JOINT

ADAPTED LOUVRES

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

The integrity of the structure is sustained by the twisting and overlapping of metal frames similar to that of a Pangolin. They curl up adding further to its tension in the presence of advers weather and preys. The connecting panels acts as protective layer that shields the internal environment with additional double curvature.

INFLATABLE BALLOON

LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

Heat absorbing pillows collect external heat and store it within an expandable thermal polymer. Therefore it can then be used during the night when the external temperature drops and the heat pillows can deflate to regulate the internal temperatures.

CONNECTING JOINT STELL STRUCTURE

METAL DECK

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

METAL DECK

LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

THE STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION

HEAT SENSING PUMP

Applying the theory of camel’s hair that protects its internal organs, overlapping twisting frames resist each other toROLLING be more sterdy and BALL JOINT rigid. The louvres react CONNECTING JOINTto light and heat that INFLATABLE curls upBALLOON like eyelashes to provide solar shading and regulated EXPANDED BALLOON temperature while protecting it from sandstorms.

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ENVIRONMENT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

WATER STORAGE

INSULATION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

CELL

BRACKET

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

CONDENSOR WATER FILTER

final board

Sandgroose use feathers to collect, contain and transport water from one loaction to the other. This idea is applied by using a light weight smart thermal Bi-metal tessellation to capture the water vapours and condensing to service the structure.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

When sunflower is exposed to sunlight, part of the petal shades a part of the pulvinus, resulting in an expansion & elongation of the BRACKET pulvinus; thusCONNECTING ceatingJOINT a pushing INSULATION pressure towards the sun. HEAT SENSING PUMP STELL STRUCTURE The PV panels behave METAL like DECK the LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING functions of a heliotropic plant and ADAPTED LOUVRES move to physically track the sun within the tessellated panels. This usefully harvests the sun’s solar energy throughout the whole day.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

From the various arising problems associated with climate change due to rise in temperature; the core principles of Heliotropism was adopted to explore the possible relationships that architecture can have with it’s surrounding context. A degree of Complexity Theory was introduced in the development of the proposal to further understand the way systems self-organise, adapt and emerge to form many differing results.

THE Recipro[CITY]

HELIO

HYDRO

PHOTO

THERMO

GRAVI

THE WORKING MECHANISM

Ligulas Petals

THE CAUSE

Pulvinus

Leaves

BALLOONS

FEATHER

LOUVRES

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ROLLING BALL JOINT

BRACKET INSULATION

CONNECTING JOINT

HEAT SENSING PUMP

THE PROPOSAL CONCEPT

INFLATABLE BALLOON

METAL DECK LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

EXPANDED BALLOON PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

BRACKET INSULATION

ROLLING BALL JOINT

CONNECTING JOINT

INFLATABLE BALLOON

EXPANDED BALLOON

ROLLING BALL JOINT

ADAPTED LOUVRES

WATER FILTER

GLASS

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

WATER STORAGE

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

BRACKET

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

PV PANELS

INSULATION

GLASS

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ROLLING BALL JOINT CONNECTING JOINT

HEAT SENSING PUMP

PV PANELS

INFLATABLE BALLOON

CONNECTING JOINT METAL DECK LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

CONDENSOR

EXPANDED BALLOON

STELL STRUCTURE WATER FILTER

ADAPTED LOUVRES

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

WATER STORAGE

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER CONDENSOR WATER FILTER

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

GLASS PV PANELS

THE reciprocal metrics

CONNECTING JOINT STELL STRUCTURE

ADAPTED LOUVRES

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

WATER STORAGE

CONDENSOR

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD WATER FILTER

GLASS

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

WATER STORAGE

PV PANELS

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD GLASS

TESSELATIONS

Various combinations of the components that function together so that the tessellation provide an interesting and changable facade on the very exterior of the structure.

THERMO ; BALLOON

BRACINGS

PHOTO ; MECHANIC LOUVRE

strUTURES

A series of rigid smart metal frames support the bracing and tessellated panels that lead to snad bag and water tank foundations.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

program

The bottom mass functions as a storage unit to collect all the component’s output to be cycled throughout the structure and service the possible accommodations on the upper levels.

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

Core

Running throughout the structure as a main element that connects all the activties within the internal space and the exterior shell together. Also acting as the main service for access.

HELIO ; PV/PHOTOTROPIC SENSORS

PV PANELS

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

PV PANELS

CONNECTING JOINT

EXPANDED BALLOON

CONNECTING JOINT STELL STRUCTURE

CONDENSOR

INFLATABLE BALLOON

ADAPTED LOUVRES

EXPANDABLE BIMETALS

ELECTROMAGNETIC FIELD

CONNECTING JOINT STELL STRUCTURE

METAL DECK LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

WATER ABSORBING POLYMER

ELECTROMAGNETISE IRON

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

METAL DECK

LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

THE STRUCTURAL COMPOSITION

HEAT SENSING PUMP

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

ENVIRONMENT

INSULATION

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

CELL

WATER STORAGE

BRACKET

PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

CONDENSOR WATER FILTER

From the various arising problems associated with climate change due to rise in temperature; the core prin- When sunflower is exposed to ciples of Heliotropism was adopted to explore the possible relationships that architecture can have with it’s sunlight, part of the petal shades surrounding context. A degree of Complexity Theory was introduced in the development of the propos- a part of the pulvinus, resulting in of the al to further understand the way systems self-organise, adapt and emerge to form many differing results. an expansion & elongation BRACKET pulvinus; thusCONNECTING ceatingJOINT a pushing INSULATION pressure towards the sun. HEAT SENSING PUMP STELL STRUCTURE The PV panels behave METAL like DECK the LIGHT WEIGHT FLOORING functions of a heliotropic plant and ADAPTED LOUVRES move to physically track the sun within the tessellated panels. This EXPANDABLE BIMETALS usefully harvests the sun’s solar WATER ABSORBING POLYMER energy throughout the whole day.

Feedback

Action Plan

The structure seems too dull and uninviting. The construction and practicality is questionable. To show off components instead of focusing on a form. Suggestion to make the mega-structure more inviting and user friendly. Too much going on with the diagrams for a competition sheet.

To further explore on the structure of the mega-structure and to make it more inviting, a green oasis in the desert. The plan is to have a simple structure to house all the components integrated with residential areas and sky gardens. Priority was given to the integration of components instead of the final form. Diagrams will be simplified to get straight to the point and be more understandable.

System OF COMPLEXITY Heat. Sand. Wind. Water. Air. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC; The understanding of morphology is that the structure of organisms is not the result of arbitrary aggregation of parts, but instead constitutes an organised system. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;

hensel and menges

HEATING/COOLING 1

The coil filled water absorbs heat/ cooling from the feather condenser.

HEATING/COOLING 2

The coil filled water absorbs heat/ cooling from the external air temperature.

WATER SYSTEM

The heated/cool water passes down the building through a gravity fed water system

PUMP

The water at ground level gets pumped back up the building to provide a consistent circulation of heating and cooling.

Insolation Moveable PV Sheets. Louvres Taking the ecological functions of nature, the PV sheets are a kinetic skin that wraps the building and tracks the sun, to absorb the maximum amount of solar energy. Simultaneously shading the internal environments from the desert sun. Louvre’s dual function in blocking out the excess sand and for keeping the thermal temperatures comfortable.

PV Panel Sheets Electromagnetic Field Aluminium Bar Grating Carwalk with Cable Fall Arrest System Linear Actuator Retractable Frame

PV Sheets

Louvres Insulation Metal Deck Light weight Flooring

Louvres ‘Part of the body can display more than one functional potential, and that it therefore constitutes a form-function complex characterised by specific capacities that can, but need not necessarily be used.’ hensel and menges

Thermal Control Heat Absorbing Balloons. Louvres. Balanced temperatures are achieved through controlling the flow of hot air into the internal spaces. By using heat reactive polymers materials, the balloons inflate up with hot air to be stored away for when temperature drop below ambient levels.

Cast Steel Node Stainless Steel Cable Heat Reactive Polymers Light Weight Concrete Slab Steel I - Beam

Balloon Structure â&#x20AC;&#x2DC; Understanding the material constituent of architecture, and the environmental stimuli that act upon it and that emanate from their interaction, has potentially powerful consequences. â&#x20AC;&#x2DC; hensel and menges

State of Osmosis Feathers. Water Pump. Thick morning fog will pass through feather like components where the openings are controlled the contrasting temperatures throughout the day. The diffusion of fluid through a semi-permeable membrane dynamic will allow the water to be collected and used throughout the internal system.

Expandable Bi-Metal Water Absorbing Polymer Condenser Water Filter Water Storage

Feathers Component

Silic[a]ology Heat, Sand, Water, Air

With the current rate of global climate change projection, it is an undeniable fact that the recognised global warming danger threshold of 2°C is more than likely to be breached. The rise in temperature are being felt from the highest mountain peaks to the depths of the oceans and the situation will only worsen, akin to the dire conditions of the desert, where little precipitation occurs and living conditions are hostile. The biomimetic “Silicology” is inspired by living organisms that has survived the harsh conditions of the desert through evolving and adapting at a cellular level. With reference to the theory of complex systems which self-organize and adapt to the environment, the distinctive features of the animals and plants are adopted into different components where the intricate relationship between them functions together as a system creating a regulated architectural ecology, an optimum living environment to thrive in hash conditions in the form of a mega structure. Taking example of desert cities where the priority is the skin and the core, the Silicology consist of a core structure which houses the different components to provide suitable regulatory conditions for its inhabitants. The “Silicology” is a self-sustaining mega structure, the overall system consist of four different components which have their own individual function which compliments each other. The retractable PV sheets acts as a skin for shading and the main source of solar energy collection while the PV panels on these sheets maximises sunlight harvesting by mimicking and tracking the sun’s path throughout the day, taking inspiration from the sunflower. To accommod¬ate the intense heat of the desert, balloon components consisting of heat reactive polymers expands in the presence of heat, which are collected and stored to regulate the internal temperature during the night. The expanded balloons forms a barrier, absorbing heat and shielding the core spaces of the mega structure, mimicking the humps of the camels and the desert fox’s ears which helps radiate heat and regulate internal conditions. Furthermore, to address the issue of water scarcity, the Silicology mimics the water collecting capabilities of the sand grouse’s feathers, with a feather like agent consists of superabsorbent polymer and a condenser, it collects water from the morning fog of the desert. The openings of the feathers are controlled by bimetals which contracts and opens during the cool temperature for water collection during the night, it then expands and closes during the day where intense heat is present to avoid unnecessary water lost. To address the issue of inevitable sandstorms, the adapted louvres provides additional solar sun shading and prevents the sand from entering the concealed residential area of the mega structure, taking inspiration from the eyelashes of the camels which shields their eyes from the sand. These components of the Silicology work together to form a complex system where they each play a pivotal role in sustaining the designed ecology within. The system provides a reciprocal interaction reaction between the environment and the components to achieve a controlled environment which reacts and withstand the ever-changing climatic conditions of mother earth.

Characteristics Similar to Silic[a]ology Architecture functions as systems that is able changing to stimulants Far from equilibrium

Characteristics Different to Silic[a]ology Self sustaining structure Process of construction is very simple and user accessible Can be 3D printed and programmed to meet specific need of the environmental needs. Slotted together

_LAKA 1st place WINNER

Characteristics Similar to Silic[a]ology Responding to a specific natural phenomenon occurring Created a habitable ecology Integrating a range of biological enhanced features and technologies

Characteristics Different to Silic[a]ology A network of self sustaining structure Addressed other the effects on economical aspects Uses 3D printed technology

_LAKA Honourable mention

Wei Ee Danson Choo

Yang Jessie Hu

ShengXin Justin Chong

Alvise Moretti

QUALITIES:

- Graphical Representation - Shows Commitment - Problem Solver

- Hand Sketches - Photoshop - Articulates Well

- Illustrator Skills - Presentation Skills -Communicates constructively

- SketchUp Modelling - Illustrator Abilities - Listens Actively

Achievements:

Applying and compiling different design thinkings by integrating and utilising specific knowledge

Approach the solution by backing it to a theoretical reasoning

Developed ways of thinking in more detail and to a more practical level

Engage with a different way of systematically investigating and portraying architecture

Entering Laka has taught everyone in the team to think laterally and critique architecture by socially engage to a problem and respond dynamically to current needs and circumstances. A mixture of knowledge and in depth research has presented us with the experience of representing architecture that is able to self-organise and react in very literal terms.

Critical Team Analysis

Yang Jessie Hu QUALITIES: - Hand Sketches - Photoshop - Articulates Well

Achievements: - Approach the solution by backing it to a theoretical reasoning

My Participation & Self Evaluation

Skills Learnt

In hindsight, I think our design didnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t win the competition because of the way we failed to portrayed the conceptual framework. I believe the judges were looking for entries that were much more simplistic and functioning on many different scales. The brief was all about architecture that could react and I feel we maybe should have addressed this issue in a much more direct way. We did start to think laterally about the problems that could help us create a more innovative design from that specific natural occurring phenomenon, such as climate change. However, that being said I feel that we did analysis the brief and drive a concept in the context of many things working together as an ecology and responding to everything being encased in a continuous feed back loop.

Competition Presentation: I was able to under-take the rendering for the final presentation sheet. This allowed me to explore the possibilities of digital painting. Processing: Danson did some of the initial modelling in Rhino and was able to teach me a few things. This made me feel that learning Rhino and Grasshopper probably isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t as daunting as I imagined.

Working as part of a team certainly proved to be a learning curve as this is the first student led competition I have undertaken in university. As a personal reflection, I felt that I should have pushed the boundaries a bit more with the design and tested parametric design. I was an active participant in the team meetings we had. One aspect that I found especially good but being able to directly apply the knowledge I had gained in Complexity Theory for Cities. The knowledge of self-organisation, emergence and complex adaptive systems allowed us to think of the concept as a complete ecological cycle and impacts that each component would have on the whole system.

Self evaluation

BRAZIL PAVILION

Studio Arthur Casas, Atelier Marko Brajovic

WATER REUSE PREFAB MATERIAL SCENOGRAPHIC + SPACE IMMERSION Flexible Smooth and decentralized network

Japanese PAVILION

Atsushi Kitagawara

Harmony Renewable resource of wood Culture + technology Living construction Use of trees Relationship between human & nature

uk PAVILION

UK ArtistPAVILION Wolfgang Buttress, engineers Simmonds Studio

The award wining pavilion was designed by artist Wolfgang Buttress, & BDP Architects engineers Simmonds Studio and architects BDP.

light and sound to simulate the activity of a real beehive Pre-fabricated material spherical void in the centre complex demountable architecture

Concept behind the pavilion looks to remind of the impact bees have within the world ecology. This is done through an architectural experience through the orchard, meadow and hive while being supported with a small gallery area to provide the statistics and information.

The journey of the bee is replicated in the design through the route taken through the pavilon. This eďŹ&#x20AC;ectivily turns the visitor into a bee and architecturally creates a fair representation of the journey a bee takes to the hive.

BELGIUM PAVILION

The agriculture system in the Belgium Pavilion promotes a closed loop ecology with plants and a fish tank that reciprocates and benefits mutually.

Aquaponics = Hydroponics + Aquaculture

40% less labor require than a conventional farm

90% less water required for aquaponics than traditional farming

Ammonia

Plants use Nitrates as fertiliser and roots clean water for fish

Bacteria breaks Ammonia into Nitrites and then Nitrates

500% more productive

biomimetics workshop

Led by Michael Pawlyn

Through evolution, nature has ‘experimented’ with various solutions to its challenges and has improved the successful ones.

From the various talks delivered by michael Pawlyn during the two day workshop, it gave me an insight into the fact that nature has an enormous pool of inventions that passed the harsh test of practicality and durability in changing environments. In order to harness the most from nature’s capabilities, it is critical to bridge between the fields of biology and engineering and to use strategies from both fields. This bridging effort can help in turning nature’s capabilities into engineering capabilities, tools and mechanisms. In order to approach nature in engineering terms, it is necessary to utilise biological capabilities along technological ones. Taking the Jewel Beetle as an example, its ability to detect forest fires from up to 80km away made us think of innovations that can harness this type of capability and eliminate the possibility of wild fires spreading in parts of the world such as Australia, and notifying the fire departments before damages become irreversible.

Cardboard to caviar project by Graham Wiles

biomimetics workshop

Led by Michael Pawlyn

We have the information and materials to respond to a world of depleting resources. Biomimicry in Architecture explores how the elegant efficiencies of evolution can radically inspire the design and construction of tomorrow’s building - often with strikingly beautiful results.

The workshop taught me very useful skills in designing an optimum ‘cradle to cradle’ environment. This is very relevant because I feel as designers of architecture our tasks is to create buildings that promote well being before form or beauty in any context. The challenges and talks set by Michael Pawlyn allowed us as students to think outside the box and approach the idea behind sustainability with seeking for interventions that focused on using nature’s various solutions to out urban ecology.

Morphallaxis Process - is the regeneration of specific tissue in a variety of organisms due to loss or death of the existing tissue.

Possible solutions in trying to eliminate the need for surplus materials in the construction industry and cutting out the necessity for tolerances by designing self generating facade that adapt by growing to suit the needs of the envelop.

Waste not want not

Sponsored by Fazer

The Brief challenges us to design a way to encourage and support individuals, households, businesses and/or communities to reduce food waste. The amount of food that is wasted globally has become a great issue and is quickly becoming worse. Interpretation of the brief suggests that behavioural change and perceptions regarding food waste are the substantial drivers in forming a solution to this ever growing problem. As consumers we are overly paranoid about use and sell by dates as well as being obsessed with the aesthetics of the produce that we buy. This results in major wastage of perfectly good fruit and veg. How can we evaluate methods in which to change the perception wastage of foods to promote more sustainable consumption and produce a positive output.

PROJECT RURAL

Sponsored by PriestmanGoode + Eden Project

The Brief challenges us to design something that is specifically useful in a rural context. What are the main changes that will improve rural areas, without implementing urbanisation policies? How many problems are shared between rural areas globally? Consideration should be given to the interplay between technology and nature, and how does this influence socioeconomic aspects? In this age of rapid urbanisation, we want to maintain the quality of space within a rural area. Defining the various problems that are present in rural areas will allow us to focus on effective design innovations that extend and solve many of the problems, such as the increase in elderly demographic which contributes to the escalation of isolation and loneliness.

One manâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s waste

Sponsored by The Patricia Tindale Legacy and the Eddie Squires Legacy The Brief challenges us to design a way to help eliminate the concept of waste within developed societies by promoting it as a valuable material resource. The re-appropriation or re processing of waste materials can be seen as part of a cradle to cradle ecology. The brief should be addressed by a sustainable solution which takes into consideration the use of the material after re-appropriation in order to provide a sustainable cycle. How can the brief be addressed in order to provide a transparent process of re appropriation where the user is fully engaged with the transformation process of a product or material?

Reference Information:

Research Information:

Ecotricity.co.uk, (2015). Ecotricity - the green energy company, supplier and generator of eco electricity and gas. [online] Available at: http://www.ecotricity.co.uk/ [Accessed 16 Dec. 2015].

Loneliness and isolation evidence review. (2015). 1st ed. [ebook] p.8. Available at: http://www.ageuk.org.uk/documents/en-gb/ for-professionals/evidence_review_loneliness_and_isolation. pdf?dtrk=true [Accessed 17 Dec. 2015].

Adventurers and Scientists for Conservation, (2015). ASC Worldwide Microplastics Project. [online] Available at: http://www. adventurescience.org/microplastics.html [Accessed 20 Dec. 2015].

GlobalMeatNews.com, (2013). Swill-feeding of pigs under debate in UK. [online] Available at: http://www.globalmeatnews.com/ Industry-Markets/Swill-feeding-of-pigs-under-debate-in-UK [Accessed 16 Dec. 2015]. Lovefoodhatewaste.com, (2015). The facts about food waste. [online] Available at: http://www.lovefoodhatewaste.com/ node/2472 [Accessed 16 Dec. 2015].

Impact on reducing rural isolation. (2011). 1st ed. leisure futures ltd. cutler, d. (2012). tackling loneliness in odler age - the role of the arts. 1st ed.

Adventurers and Scientists for Conservation, (2015). ASC Worldwide Microplastics Project. [online] Available at: http://www. adventurescience.org/microplastics.html [Accessed 20 Dec. 2015].

Shahrukh Ahmed Sheikh

Yang Jessie Hu

Harry Harrison

QUALITIES:

- Active with Ideas - SketchUp & Rendering Skills - Problem Solver

- Hand Sketches - Photoshop - Articulates Well

- Hand drawn skill - Time Management Qualities -Communicates constructively

TEAM Dynamics

WASTE not want not - Super Crit Feedback

Perception Must Change

20 - 40 %

FRUIT _ VEG FARM

CONSUMER

MARKET

_BAGGED SALAD

FRUIT _ VEG FARM

68 %

CONSUMER

MARKET

‘Cream of the Crop’

_APPLES

40 %

_BANANAS

20 %

_GRAPES

47 %

SUPERMARKET

WASTE

SUPERMARKET

Class Standard Achieved

WASTE

Waste

_Produce Waste

_Current Process

_Perception

_Proposed Process

Distribution ONLINE_STORE

ADVERTISING

DELIVERY

WASTE STORAGE

_Distribution

_Rebranding

The feedback received from Super Crit, I think made us think more critically about the project and from a different perspective. We all under-estimated how clever supermarkets were at dealing with the mis-shapen fruit and vegetables and another inadequate side of this project is the that this initial concept is not engaging with the bigger problem of food wastage around the world. There may be room for wider research on how much food is wasted in households and investigate into a cradle to cradle solution.

“MISFRUIT”

WASTE

Pi[g]Rid

the

Big

iDea

Food wastage has become a huge problem in the UK and around the world. it is estimated that approximately 1/3 of all food in the UK ends up in landfill where it generates high amounts of methane emissions. Pigs were originally domesticated thousands of years ago to help us deal with our wasted food and generate useful manure and pork, but due to the foot and mouth scare the EU instated new regulations disallowing the feeding of waste to pigs in 2001 ending the age old tradition. Pi[g]Rid aims to circumvent these laws and turn pigs into a valuable vessel through which to recycle our abundant amounts of wasted food and turn it into energy. With the collection of residential food waste, Pi[g]Rid facilitates the rearing of pigs in micro-farms in local parks and across the urban context. due to strict EU regulations on pork for pigs fed with waste, the pigs will primarily be used for their manure which will power biomass generators to provide electricity for the local residences; offsetting their bills and saving them money. Pi[g]Rid also has the capability to become a food generator if the regulations are loosened. Pi[g]Rid needs 7 residences to support each pig therefore subscribers are divided into local collectives to incentivize responsible recycling practise. A fun and friendly interface through app form allows subscribers to track their neighbourhoodâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s food wastage and also their own personal energy savings. This system will help to resolve the food waste crisis that we are currently facing as well as introducing agriculture to our urban fabric and creating ecologically positive energy. it can be scaled up with the introduction of more pig pens and biomass generators, and be introduced into any city across the world to aid in the creation of a more connected, socially aware and sustainable future.

Pi[g]Rid

Rather than allow food waste to be thrown into landfill, Pi[g]Rid is an initiative that utilises the waste in a system that would provide electricity to offset the residentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s power bills. The residents would be able to track their savings through a user friendly app and compare their ecologically friendly savings with others

The pigs that are fed through the Pi[g]Rid initiative will not be eaten but they could be utilised in an environmentally positive way to produce electricity for the neighbourhoods that provide food for the pigs. Biomass generators can be used to convert the pigâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s manure into electricity.

proposal

With the collection of residential food waste, Pi[g] Rid facilitates the rearing of pigs in micro-farms in local parks and across the urban context. due to strict EU regulations on pork for pigs fed with waste, the pigs will primarily be used for their manure which will power biomass generators to provide electricity for the local residences; offsetting their bills and saving them money. Pi[g]Rid also has the capability

Food Waste

For thousands of years humans have been using their food waste to feed pigs. Up until relevantly recent legislation was passed that wasted food was not to be fed to pigs to prevent the spread of foot & mouth disease.This legislation can be circumvented by feeding waste to pigs that are not to be eaten.

Almost two thirds of all food produced to be sold in the UK is wasted and the majority of that wasted food ends up in Landfill where aerobic digestion is not possible, resulting in excessive amounts methane emmisions which are 21 times more potent than CO2. 25% of this wastage is produced in households.

Description

Pig Feed

to become a food generator if the regulations are loosened. Pi[g]Rid needs 7 residences to support each pig therefore subscribers are divided into local collectives to incentivize responsible recycling practise. A fun and friendly interface through app form allows subscribers to track their neighbourhoodâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s food wastage and also their own personal energy savings.

Electric Power

Biomass Fuel

insights

research

Food wastage has become a huge problem in the UK and around the world. it is estimated that approximately 1/3 of all food in the UK ends up in landfill where it generates high amounts of methane emissions. The UK produces around 7 million tonnes of edible food wastage every year and although a large amount is thrown out in supermarkets and restaurants 25% comes from residential properties. Pigs were originally domesticated thousands of years ago for two primary reasons; to help us deal with our wasted food and generate useful manure and pork. For thousands of years, human populations across the world have lived side by side with pigs that convert their unwanted kitchen scraps into pork, as part of a holistic ecological cycle.

The ecological system of utilising pigs to manage our food waste was stopped in 2001 when a ban on using waste as pig swill came into place as a reaction to the foot and mouth disease outbreak that hit the Europe causing billions worth of damage. The outbreak was eventually traced back to a single farm that had illegally fed its pigs untreated swill, which was thought to have contained infected (and perhaps illegally imported) meat. This decision has had large negative consequences on food waste and deforestation.

From 2001 and 2003, the years following the ban, soymeal imports to the UK increased by 3 million tonnes to replace the sudden reduction in edible food waste feed. This continued to increase, and today approximately 97% of global soya crops are consumed by livestock. This mean that we are feeding food to animals that could be eaten by people which is a wholly inefficient use of our resources.

in order to satisfy the growing global demand for meat we are now having to destroy virgin rainforests all across South America to produce enough feed. By feeding our food waste to pigs, which is currently banned under EU law, we could save 1.8 million hectares of global agricultural land. Which is an area roughly half the size of germany, including hundreds of thousands of acres of South Americaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s biodiverse forests.

implementation

scale 7 1 8%

17kWh

Pi[g]Rid facilitates the rearing of pigs in micro-farms in local parks and across the urban context. due to strict EU regulations on pork for pigs fed with waste, the pigs will primarily be used for their manure which will power biomass generators to provide electricity for the local residences; offsetting their bills and saving them money. From our calculations Pi[g]Rid requires 7 residences to support each pig which could in turn save the residents 8% on their energy bills. The subscribers are divided into local collectives to incentivize responsible recycling practise.

16 1 112

A fun and friendly interface through app form allows subscribers to track their neighbourhood’s food wastage and also their own personal energy savings. it will take 16 pigs to produce enough manure each day to run a biomass generator, but this generator would be able to provide enough electricity to offset 112 residence’s energy bills. it can be scaled up with the introduction of more pig pens and biomass generators, and be introduced into any city across the world to aid in the creation of a more connected, socially aware and sustainable future.

0.4kg

Pi[g]Rid Street Contribution 84 kg/m

Your Energy Bill Savings 2.7kg

5.8kg

0.7kg

1kWh

£5.47 p/m

There is currently a lot of protest against the EU’s restrictions on pig swill, if the regulations are loosened Pi[g]Rid also has the capability to become a food generator. This would allow the pigs that are in the Pi[g]Rid pens to be sold for pork which would aid in providing capital to aid in the expansion of the scheme.

Benefits

environmental

social

Until the 2001 ban on feeding domestic food waste to pigs, pigs had been an integral part of our natural food recycling process for thousands of years. Only a generation ago people would be familiar with the council coming and collecting the ‘Pig Bins’ which contained their kitchen scraps. Pi[g]Rid circumvents the regulations and Reintroduces a neighbourhood connection with a holistic recycling process by utilising biomass produced by pigs rather than their meat. introducing live animals into urban environments would educate the urban populace about good sustainable practice. Having the system integrated into the urban neighbourhoods would incentivise the public to deal with their waste responsibly as well as rewarding them.

Pi[g]Rid Neighbourhood 1100 kg/m

Your Energy Bill £23.48 p/m

The populace is becoming more and more disconnected with the natural systems that have been vital to sustaining our lifestyles. Bringing this form of agriculture into the urban fabric can have huge positive social impacts. Pi[g]Rid will introduce pig pens and biomass generators into local parks where residents and children will be able to see the impacts of responsibly recycling their food waste as it is used to support thier local pigs. As well as the physical pig pens, residents will also be able to track their econimic benifits of their lower power bills through the Pi[g]Rid app.

ch4

in the UK we throw away more than 7 million tonnes worth of edible food waste. The majority of this is sent to landfill where it is all covered with other waste, this causes the food to degrade anaerobically which causes a very high amount of methane that causes 21 times more damage with global warming than CO2. By incentivising and facilitating responsible food recycling, Pi[g]Rid will massively reduce the amount of greenhouse gasses through the use of biomass generators, as well as creating a source of ecologically positive energy for neighbourhoods. Between 2001 and 2003, the years immediately following the ban, soymeal imports increased by 3 million tonnes to replace the sudden reduction in ‘food waste’ feed. But animals only “give back” approximately 11% of the grain calories they consume so feeding them solely on crops is extremely wasteful. By implementing Pi[g]Rid across the EU to feed our food waste to pigs we could find a use for the 100 million tonnes of food wasted in the EU each year while creating energy. if the regulations are also retracted we could also save 1.8 million hectares of global agricultural land, an area roughly half the size of germany, including hundreds of thousands of acres of South America’s forests.

three pillars of sustainaBility

economic

25% of all food wasted in the UK comes from residential buildings and wasting this food costs the average household £470 a year, rising to £700 for a family with children, the equivalent of around £60 a month on average. Pi[g]Rid can help bring the conversation on the topic of food wastage to the forefront to incentivize the public to reduce their waste as well as turning their waste into electricity which would help offset their energy bills and save them money.

Pi[g]Rid is a system that could turn waste into a valuable ecological and economic asset. The widescale implementation of Pi[g]Rid would demonstrate the value of utilizing the natural recycling proficiency of feeding edible food waste to pigs and it would put pressure on the EU to loosen their regulations on feeding food waste to pigs intended for pork production. This would give way to diverting 7 million tonnes of food waste from landfill to feeding livestock in the UK, which could be used to produce 0.5 million tonnes of pork at a retail value of £2.5 billion. The benefits of this practice can be seen in Japan, where waste-fed ‘eco-pork’ even gets a premium rate.

Vital to the creation of a sustainable future are the three pillars of sustainable development. Pi[g]Rid is a scheme that benifits neighbourhoods and the wider urban environment through all three of these factors and would aid in the creation of sustainable cities.

Pi[g]Rid

WASTE not want not - Personal Reflection proposal

Rather than allow food waste to be thrown into landfill, Pi[g]Rid is an initiative that utilises the waste in a system that would provide electricity to offset the resident’s power bills. The residents would be able to track their savings through a user friendly app and compare their ecologically friendly savings with others

the

Pi[g]Rid implementation

1 8%

iDea

Food Waste

Electric Power

Pig Feed

Biomass Fuel

Benefits

16 1 112

environmental

social

Street Contribution 84 kg/m

Your Energy Bill Savings £5.47 p/m

Pi[g]Rid Neighbourhood 1100 kg/m

Your Energy Bill £23.48 p/m

0.7kg

Pigs were originally domesticated thousands of years ago for two primary reasons; to help us deal with our wasted food and generate useful manure and pork. For thousands of years, human populations across the world have lived side by side with pigs that convert their unwanted kitchen scraps into pork, as part of a holistic ecological cycle.

Pi[g]Rid

0.4kg

5.8kg

research

Pi[g]Rid

2.7kg

Food wastage has become a huge problem in the UK and around the world. it is estimated that approximately 1/3 of all food in the UK ends up in landfill where it generates high amounts of methane emissions. The UK produces around 7 million tonnes of edible food wastage every year and although a large amount is thrown out in supermarkets and restaurants 25% comes from residential properties.

to become a food generator if the regulations are loosened. Pi[g]Rid needs 7 residences to support each pig therefore subscribers are divided into local collectives to incentivize responsible recycling practise. A fun and friendly interface through app form allows subscribers to track their neighbourhood’s food wastage and also their own personal energy savings.

scale 7

17kWh

Big

Food wastage has become a huge problem in the UK and around the world. it is estimated that approximately 1/3 of all food in the UK ends up in landfill where it generates high amounts of methane emissions. Pigs were originally domesticated thousands of years ago to help us deal with our wasted food and generate useful manure and pork, but due to the foot and mouth scare the EU instated new regulations disallowing the feeding of waste to pigs in 2001 ending the age old tradition. Pi[g]Rid aims to circumvent these laws and turn pigs into a valuable vessel through which to recycle our abundant amounts of wasted food and turn it into energy. With the collection of residential food waste, Pi[g]Rid facilitates the rearing of pigs in micro-farms in local parks and across the urban context. due to strict EU regulations on pork for pigs fed with waste, the pigs will primarily be used for their manure which will power biomass generators to provide electricity for the local residences; offsetting their bills and saving them money. Pi[g]Rid also has the capability to become a food generator if the regulations are loosened. Pi[g]Rid needs 7 residences to support each pig therefore subscribers are divided into local collectives to incentivize responsible recycling practise. A fun and friendly interface through app form allows subscribers to track their neighbourhood’s food wastage and also their own personal energy savings. This system will help to resolve the food waste crisis that we are currently facing as well as introducing agriculture to our urban fabric and creating ecologically positive energy. it can be scaled up with the introduction of more pig pens and biomass generators, and be introduced into any city across the world to aid in the creation of a more connected, socially aware and sustainable future.

insights

Description

ch4

1kWh

three pillars of sustainaBility

economic

Pi[g]Rid

I think for Waste Not Want Not, the brief did present to be quite difficult to think of an innovative solution. However we decided on instead of ‘reinventing the brick’, we approached the brief by focusing on how to magnify existing solutions on eliminating waste food and integrating a strong sense of environmental, social and economical outputs. I have been active in discussions throughout the development of this project and suggested that instead of making photorealistic images, we could do it ‘mimecraft’ style, so that it catches the readers attention and is more fun and user friendly.

hero

image

PROJECT RURAL - Super Crit Feedback

Due to the constraint in time, I feel that the design solution we presented at super crit was very arbitrary. It lacked real thought and more importantly the process of considering it to be a closed loop functioning system that was designed to improve rural conditions. After the Super Crit session, we decided to go back a couple of steps and start by researching on existing solutions to major rural area problems and how others came up with smart ways of solving the problem.

PROJECT RURAL - Summary of Concept This New Village Hall (NVH) Prototype is an environment that can support a range of activities and functions, to benefit many different users within a rural area and be eco-centric in terms of energy use. The NVH Prototype is set to achieve Net Zero Energy performance throughout its entire life cycle. It is designed to be assembled from prefabricated and factory-built components which reduce construction time, cost, and construction-related waste, traffic and pollution. The NVH Prototype strategy of using ready made kit-of-parts assembled from components that are pre-manufactured off-site aims to support and promote the development of a more activity based and interaction fuelled space within rural community. Designed to be used on existing rural regions, the Prototype is able to adapt to a variety of cultural and physical changes, itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s changeable facade is able to respond to regionally appropriate climates and extremes. The function is essentially an assembly of systems with clear and distinct parts, which means within this multitude of functional spaces is able to accommodate for a wide variety of people within a rural area. Furthermore, factory based production also enables easier and more efficient recycling of surplus construction materials. The building is designed for assembly via bolted connections rather than welded, floating concrete slab, minimal finishes, and modular kit of part components, for easy recycling or re-use of the structure at the end of the its useful life.

Defining Rural

Away from city, non-metropolitan areas where people live. Typically, agricultural, woodland, mountains & natural settings. Descriptive Definition -

Rural Area

Characterised by use of statistical indicators, like population, number of households or built up areas.

Village Hamlets, Open Countryside

Semi - Urban Area

Small Towns 2,000 - 100,000

Urban Area

Town City Population >100,000

43% of senior citizens feel lonely

12% feel trapped in their homes 17% get in contact with people less than a week 6% leave their home less than once a week

42.8% of rural population are over 65 years old Physical Isolation

Social Isolation

59% risk of metal and physical decline

Isolated elderly people in rural areas Loneliness and isolation are not the same thing: the causes of loneliness are not just physical isolation and lack of companionship, but also sometimes the lack of a useful role in society. Loneliness has complex causes, schemes designed to address a group or individualâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s loneliness need to take their other circumstances into account. Interventions not specifically targeted at combating isolation and loneliness can still have a tangible positive effect on them.

Initial research & concept

From initial research and statistics gathered the problems of increasing elderly demographic in the rural areas presented a threat of health related issues. Therefore the initial idea was to focus on a remote health care smart system that took care of any accidental injuries the elderly might encounter with, that could be fatal if left unnoticed. Further developments were made to design a multifunctional venue that actually intervened to provide a solution in tackling isolation not only for the elderly but for many generation of people in rural areas and strengthening the ideas of community interaction.

Initial Concept When developing the NVH Prototype, we wanted to showcase that this was a robust design that is able to merge or stand-out from the rural context. So the fundamentals of form finding was based on the parameters of designing with components that were ‘modular’, ‘expandable’ and also ‘independent’. The architecture encountered by its users is balanced with a strong sense of identity and given many opportunities for appropriation. This method of designing in modularity, is able to push the boundaries in achieving Carbon Zero or even Carbon Negative for each element of the Prototype.

Examples of the multifunctional spaces that allow maximum flexibility for users to self organise Theme related wall panels

Chill out space Flexible Interior Panels

Film Room Flexible Interior Panels

Many generations under one roof

Art Room

Flexible Interior Panels

Different Module Sizes

Development Sketches The NVH Prototype utilizes an efficient plan and compact footprint, and is also able to adapt in size to different site conditions and program requirements. This allows the prototype to fit onto compact sites or reclaim open space on existing campuses by replacing less space-efficient buildings.

These sketches show that initial stages of the Prototype can be designed with flexible exterior and interior. The chameleon like climatic responsive skin can be customised in terms of function, transparency, horizontality, verticality and openings to create a more resilient effect, whether to compliment or differentiate itself in a given setting.

_System of Components This New Village Hall Prototype is an environment that can support a range of activities and functions, to benefit many different users within a rural area. The Net Zero Energy performance and flexible design means the NVH Prototype can adapt to future changes in program, size and technology. The NVH Prototype is not a singular building solution, but rather, a set of strategies for solving many needs for the rural areas in terms of tackling isolation and loneliness for not only the elderly. The NVH Prototype is assembled based on FOUR different components that all function together to make it an overall Net Zero Energy multi-functioning space within the rural area.

1. Exoskeleton Structure 2. Flexible Partition Wall 3. Exterior Shell 4. Climate System

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1. Exoskeleton structure For economy and maximum adaptability a lightweight system of the exterior building frame allows the form to be quickly assembled on site and more importantly change to a variety of cultural and physical conditions. With this simple exoskeleton structure and simple modular shape, the system is able to achieve infinite possible configurations to suit its user.

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3. Exterior shell To enable multiple options and combinations in the design of the faรงade and exterior appearance of the building variable type, finish and colour of wall panels; and variable type, size and location of exterior vision windows and doors. The freedom of choosing where the panels are positioned will allow the NVH Prototype to be more resilient to different climate changes.

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4. Climate Responsive facade To maintain high energy efficiency and a high level of natural daylighting and ventilation - environmental strategies have been implemented to maintain small micro climates through rationally positioned multifunctional panels that keep the whole system a near to net zero energy ecology. The NVH Prototype uses many strategies to sustain off-grid living and maintain a positive feedback loop. 1. Rainwater Harvesting 2. PV Panels 3. Cool Roof 4. Pressure Pump & UV Filter 5. Cistern 6. Pre-Treatment Filter & Pump 7. Roof Washer Box 8. Varying Modular Panels

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Rainwater Collecting

Achieving Net zero carbon The NVH Prototype is a building that is a net zero energy consumer that generates as much energy as it uses over the course of a year; recycles grey water; collects rain water; effectively minimizes waste in its construction and operation, a model for future sustainable strategies. The NVH Prototype is designed for sustainability throughout its entire life cycle.

PV Panels Cool Roof Climate Responsive Façades

The approach to reducing energy consumption in our design is as follows:

Rainwater Down-flow Pipe Domestic Recycling of Water

• Minimize the need for energy consumption; • Provide technological solutions which deliver/convert energy in the most efficient and economically feasible way;

Pressure Pump & UV Filter Flow of Clean Water

• Use renewable energy where technically and economically feasible. Rooftop PV panels, natural daylight and ventilation, and a low-energy heating and cooling system will enable the NVH Prototype to achieve its net zero energy target.

Possible Climate Responsive Façades Consisting of modular panels of different aperture, transparency, profile, and directionality, the skin permits the prototype to adapt to different climatic, solar orientation, and site conditions to optimize energy performance. The skin represents the integration of performance, form, and fabrication.

1. Corrugated Perforated Metal

2. Perforated Light Shelf

3. Fibre Glass/ Metal

4. Horizontal Louvres

5. Exterior Fabric Sunshade

6. Garden Planter

7. Vertical Garden Wall

8. Perforated Metal

Hero Image

PROJECT RURAL - Personal Reflection Defining RuRal PROJECT RURAL - Summary of Concept

InItIal ConCept

InItIal research & concept

Away from city, non-metropolitan areas where people live. Typically, agricultural, woodland, mountains & natural settings. Descriptive Definition -

This New Village Hall (NVH) Prototype is an environment that can support a range of activities and functions, to benefit many different users within a rural area and be eco-centric in terms of energy use.

Characterised by use of statistical indicators, like population, number of households or built up areas.

When developing the NVH Prototype, we wanted to showcase that this was a robust design that is able to merge or stand-out from the rural context. So the fundamentals of form finding was based on the parameters of designing with components that were ‘modular’, ‘expandable’ and also ‘independent’.

43% of senior citizens feel lonely

The NVH Prototype is set to achieve Net Zero Energy performance throughout its entire life cycle. It is designed to be assembled from prefabricated and factory-built components which reduce construction time, cost, and construction-related waste, traffic and pollution. 12% feel trapped in their homes

The NVH Prototype strategy of using ready made kit-of-parts assembled from components that are pre-manufactured off-site aims to support and promote the development of a more activity based and interaction fuelled space within rural community. Designed to be used on existing rural regions, the Prototype is able to adapt to a variety of cultural and physical changes, it’s changeable facade is able to respond to regionally appropriate climates and extremes. The function is essentially an assembly of systems with clear and distinct parts, which means within this multitude of functional spaces is able to accommodate for a wide variety of people within a rural area.

The architecture encountered by its users is balanced with a strong sense of identity and given many opportunities for appropriation.

17% get in contact with people less than a week 6% leave their home less than once a week

This method of designing in modularity, is able to push the boundaries in achieving Carbon Zero or even Carbon Negative for each element of the Prototype.

42.8% of rural population are over 65 years old Physical Isolation

Furthermore, factory based production also enables easier and more efficient recycling of surplus construction materials. The building is designed for assembly via bolted connections rather than welded, floating concrete slab, minimal finishes, and modular kit of part components, for easy recycling or re-use of the structure at the end of the its useful life.

Examples of the multifunctional spaces that allow maximum flexibility for users to self organise Social Isolation

Theme related wall panels

Chill out space Flexible Interior Panels

59% risk of metal and physical decline

Isolated elderly people In rural areas Rural Area

Semi - Urban Area

Village Hamlets, Open Countryside

Town City Population >100,000

Art Room

Loneliness and isolation are not the same thing: the causes of loneliness are not just physical isolation and lack of companionship, but also sometimes the lack of a useful role in society. Loneliness has complex causes, schemes designed to address a group or individual’s loneliness need to take their other circumstances into account. Interventions not specifically targeted at combating isolation and loneliness can still have a tangible positive effect on them.

Urban Area

Small Towns 2,000 - 100,000

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The Net Zero Energy performance and flexible design means the NVH Prototype can adapt to future changes in program, size and technology. The NVH Prototype is not a singular building solution, but rather, a set of strategies for solving many needs for the rural areas in terms of tackling isolation and loneliness for not only the elderly. The NVH Prototype is assembled based on FOUR different components that all function together to make it an overall Net Zero Energy multi-functioning space within the rural area.

1. ExoskElEton structurE

3. ExtErior shEll

2. Flexible partition wall

For economy and maximum adaptability a lightweight system of the exterior building frame allows the form to be quickly assembled on site and more importantly change to a variety of cultural and physical conditions. With this simple exoskeleton structure and simple modular shape, the system is able to achieve infinite possible configurations to suit its user.

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To enable multiple options and combinations in the design of the façade and exterior appearance of the building variable type, finish and colour of wall panels; and variable type, size and location of exterior vision windows and doors. The freedom of choosing where the panels are positioned will allow the NVH Prototype to be more resilient to different climate changes.

To accommodate multiple uses and space requirements variable internal configuration and non-structural, demountable interior partition walls allow the space to be very user accessible. This can promote activities and interactions to stimulate cross generation interactions.

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The NVH Prototype is a building that is a net zero energy consumer that generates as much energy as it uses over the course of a year; recycles grey water; collects rain water; effectively minimizes waste in its construction and operation, a model for future sustainable strategies. The NVH Prototype is designed for sustainability throughout its entire life cycle.

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4. Climate Responsive faCade To maintain high energy efficiency and a high level of natural daylighting and ventilation - environmental strategies have been implemented to maintain small micro climates through rationally positioned multifunctional panels that keep the whole system a near to net zero energy ecology.

PV Panels Cool Roof Climate Responsive Façades

The approach to reducing energy consumption in our design is as follows:

Rainwater Down-flow Pipe Domestic Recycling of Water

• Minimize the need for energy consumption; • Provide technological solutions which deliver/convert energy in the most efficient and economically feasible way;

The NVH Prototype uses many strategies to sustain off-grid living and maintain a positive feedback loop. 1. Rainwater Harvesting 2. PV Panels 3. Cool Roof 4. Pressure Pump & UV Filter 5. Cistern 6. Pre-Treatment Filter & Pump 7. Roof Washer Box 8. Varying Modular Panels

Rainwater Collecting

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Consisting of modular panels of different aperture, transparency, profile, and directionality, the skin permits the prototype to adapt to different climatic, solar orientation, and site conditions to optimize energy performance. The skin represents the integration of performance, form, and fabrication.

els

1. Corrugated Perforated Metal

2. Perforated Light Shelf

3. Fibre Glass/ Metal

4. Horizontal Louvres

5. Exterior Fabric Sunshade

6. Garden Planter

7. Vertical Garden Wall

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8. Perforated Metal

Hero Image

I did feel the pressure of designing this project individually under the time constraints, however the challenge of producing work in such a short space of time did push my boundaries. After the Super Crit review, I tried to think of the proposal as an architectural response supported by an ecological system thinking. This meant that unlike before there is sufficient reason for designing in such a way and this made the design more robust and logical.

Film Room Flexible Interior Panels

Many generations under one roof

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Different Module Sizes

ONE MAN’S WASTE - Super Crit Feedback

High Density Polyethylene (HDPE) Most widely used resin for plastic bottles and grocery bags.

Recycling and Re-Appropriation is detached from the user as a process which they are not directly engaged with.

Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) More expensive than HDPE and is used for thick plastic bags.

A Cradle to Cradle ecology promotes the recycling and reuse of material after the product lifecycle.

The nests are left in the trees which restarts the cycle

Trees lose branches and twigs which are wasted

These products can then be used directly by the people who have created the waste, and then be recycled again

People utilise disposable products like bottles and bags

260°C 120°C

Polyethylene Terephthalate (PET) High impact and chemical resistance so is used for most carbonated drinks.

Aesthetics of the product changes the likelihood of the user to recycle. Users are less likely to recycle if the product is distorted or broken as they are if the product is fully formed.

They use the waste to create valuable shelters

The melted down Polyethylene can then be remoulded into a useful product

_Transparency

_Plastic Analysis

130°C

Birds collect scrap branches and twigs

_DIY Recycling

Feedback from the Super Crit suggested that we look further into the uses of plastic after production, so not just focusing on the fact it can be 3D printed. Think more creatively on what can be done with the plastic, if whether we can make structures out of plastic. Overall, our process of thinking was under much criticism and that this should be the main driving force in tackling the brief for One Man’s Waste.

Depending on the type of plastic these waste products can be melted down at temperatures achievable in a kitchen

RSA ONE MANS WASTE Design a way to help eliminate the concept of waste within developed societies by promoting it as a valuable material resource. Our interpretation of the brief was a solution that addressed a current material process and propesed a different method, or developed a new material process. Adding value to a generally unwanted material requires the development of an application for said material. As a initial driver for this concept we were interested in the production and disposal of plastics globally and their impact on our environment, particularly in our oceans.

THE BIG IDEA - FLOAT The Pacific Ocean covers around 30.5% of the planets surface area. This means a total area of around 155,557,000 km2. Within the Pacific Ocean there is an enormous garbage cloud full of plastics that have been washed there by the group of strong currents called the Pacific Gyre. There is believed to be around 50, 0000 pieces of plastic per km2 in the Pacific continuously degrading due to the suns UV rays. The degradation of this plastic and its ability to absorb toxic chemicals in the water has a great effect on the foodchain which eventually leads to humans. FLOAT proposes that the microplastics within our oceans be harvested and shipped to be used in the manufacturing of concrete as aggregate and as a valuable recyclable resource in other manufacturingW industries.

New Industry

Waste Plastic

Collection Net

The section to the left illustrates the initial design behind the reappropriated ship for processing. The hull would be used to store the plastics and process into containers which could be shippeed out globally.

Processing Plant

Clean Water

SECTION (∆,∆)

Collection Arm

Re-appropriated cargo ship

Guide Arm

PROPOSAL DESCRIPTION With the ever growing presense of plastic debris in our oceans FLOAT is proposed as an intervention which will clean up the oceans whilst also creating a new industry to provide economic incentive to become part of the project. FLOAT will patrol the gyre of the Pacific and harvest plastics of varying sizes via a series of nets which are inspired by the Fiddler Crabs ability to sift through sediment for nutrients. FLOAT is imagined as a floating quarry which will supply a new construction industry. As an alternative to sourcing aggregate from land quarries, plastic aggregate will be sourced from FLOAT. Thus reducing the impact of quarrying land and also the impact of plastics on the marine environment.

∆

Processing plant

Collection radius

Sea based forms with sweeping collecting arms would have a lower impact on site and a better probability of collecting more microplastics for distribution.

Estimates of its size range from 250 000 square miles to 6 million square miles. This is a variance of the size of Texas to 10% of the worlds oceans.

The Pacific garbage patch is located in the North Pacific Gyre which is one of five major groups of currents in the planets oceans.

LOCATION

SIZE

90 % of the garbage in the planets oceans is plastic. Up to 50 000 pieces of plastic float per square mile of water.

CONTENTS

INSIGHTS AND RESEARCH PROBLEM Waste water and run off carry plastics into water ways.

CONTAMINATION TIMELINE

Plastics are broken down into smaller and smaller pieces by Photodegradation. Larger particles are mitaken for foods eaten by various trophic levels. Bags look like Jellyfish, which are eaten by Turtles.

Microplastics mistaken for Zooplankton and eaten by marine life.

Larger fish eat smaller organisms and fish and in turn absorb toxic chemicals.

Humans farm and eat the contaminated fish and ingest harmful toxins.

Chemicals are arbsorbed into the oil bases in the plastics : ALDRIN MIREX TOXAPHENE HEPTACHLOR ENDRIN DIELDRINE

17% 0.5mm wide INSECTICIDE

39% larger than 1mm

10% 0.3mm wide

Microplastic Dimensions The sizing of the plastics in

10 % of the plastic used each year will end up in the Ocean. 30% of this plastic will float on the surface of the water and carried by ocean currents. When the platic reaches the Pacific it is then swept to the North Pacifc Gyre.

UV rays break down the plastic pieces into increasingly smaller parts, (Micro plastics). The plastics, wehen small enough, can be ingested by marine creatures and enter the food chain.

PHOTODEGRADATION

FORMATION

Chemicals in the water are absorbed by the plastic waste due to them being attracted by the plastics oil base. These chemicals are known as persistant organic pollutants and never break down.

PLASTIC CHEMICALS

SOLUTION Micro plastics polluting the Ocean.

Valuable recyclable resource is being lost to the Ocean.

Marine environment intoxicated and in the foodchain is affected.

Use ocean currents to clollect microplastics and clean up the water.

Create an artificial landform or quarry for microplastics to be distibuted from.

Small Feeding Claw

Create a new industry from the waste plastic to use in construction as aggregate, giving the plastics economic value whilst cleaning the ocean.

0.5% oil and gas (1.1 million tonnes) Maxilipeds

6.6% coal (12.8 million tonnes

Setae

12.6% industrial materials (24.6 million tonnes)

Fiddler Crab The Fiddler Crab uses hair like strands in its mouth to separate

81% consturction minerals (157 million tonnes)

UK Mining Percentages In the UK construction materials make up the majorital

IMPLEMENTATION AND SCALE FLOAT Plastics quarries could reduce global aggregate mining by 5%

COLLECT

DISTRIBUTE

CONSTRUCT

The scale of FLOAT cvould be implemented globally across the 5 major gyres in the oceans. If the construction industry mined the oceans for plastics as intensively as they mine land for minerals the amount of plastic contaminants in the water would be severely reduced in a matter of years and the construction industry would be significantly more sustainable.

BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL

ECONOMIC

OVERALL

The environmental benefits of the FLOAT scheme are extermely positive as the system actively cleans up the oceans which will slow and eventually stop the contamination of the food chain within the marine environment and also benefit humans where healthier seafood can be consumed.

The main incentive for the FLOAT project is its ability to create a new industry and thus have a positive impact on the economy. By targeting the construction industry the project is relevant globally as a new way of processing and recycling material.

HEAT DRIVEN RE-AMALGAMATION IS NOT REQUIRED.

FLOAT is a low -impact system which due to its mobility does not affect maerine ecosystems and habitats with its presence.

Aggregate is the most mined material in the worlsd and therefore if this is substitued with microplastics, what was a waste product becomes extremely valuable.

THE RESULTING PRODUCT IS JUST AS STRONG AS CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE.

UNLIKE PLASTICS CAN BE UNIVERSALLY MIXED.

THE MINING OF NEW MATERIAL TO SERVE AS AGGREGATE IS NO LONGER NECCESSARY.

HERO IMAGE

ONE MAN’S WASTE - Personal Reflection

RSA

Clean Water

SECTION (∆,∆)

The Pacific Ocean covers around 30.5% of the planets surface area. This means a total area of around 155,557,000 km2. Within the Pacific Ocean there is an enormous garbage cloud full of plastics that have been washed there by the group of strong currents called the Pacific Gyre. There is believed to be around 50, 0000 pieces of plastic per km2 in the Pacific continuously degrading due to the suns UV rays.

ONE MANS WASTE

Processing Plant

THE BIG IDEA - FLOAT

New Industry

Waste Plastic

Collection Net

Design a way to help eliminate the concept of waste within developed societies by promoting it as a valuable material resource.

The degradation of this plastic and its ability to absorb toxic chemicals in the water has a great effect on the foodchain which eventually leads to humans.

Our interpretation of the brief was a solution that addressed a current material process and propesed a different method, or developed a new material process. Adding value to a generally unwanted material requires the development of an application for said material. As a initial driver for this concept we were interested in the production and disposal of plastics globally and their impact on our environment, particularly in our oceans.

FLOAT proposes that the microplastics within our oceans be harvested and shipped to be used in the manufacturing of concrete as aggregate and as a valuable recyclable resource in other manufacturingW industries.

Collection Arm

Re-appropriated cargo ship

Guide Arm

∆

Sea based forms with sweeping collecting arms would have a lower impact on site and a better probability of collecting more microplastics for distribution. Collection radius

Processing plant

Estimates of its size range from 250 000 square miles to 6 million square miles. This is a variance of the size of Texas to 10% of the worlds oceans.

The Pacific garbage patch is located in the North Pacific Gyre which is one of five major groups of currents in the planets oceans.

90 % of the garbage in the planets oceans is plastic. Up to 50 000 pieces of plastic float per square mile of water.

SIZE

UV rays break down the plastic pieces into increasingly smaller parts, (Micro plastics). The plastics, wehen small enough, can be ingested by marine creatures and enter the food chain.

PHOTODEGRADATION

FORMATION LOCATION

We considered deployment of artificial plastic islands from a landform within the gyre . This would act as a port which would clen up the nearby beaches from plastic debris whilst deploying collector islands.

Chemicals in the water are absorbed by the plastic waste due to them being attracted by the plastics oil base. These chemicals are known as persistant organic pollutants and never break down.

PLASTIC CHEMICALS

IMPLEMENTATION AND SCALE

CONTENTS

FLOAT Plastics quarries could reduce global aggregate mining by 5%

INSIGHTS AND RESEARCH

SOLUTION

PROBLEM Waste water and run off carry plastics into water ways.

CONTAMINATION TIMELINE

Microplastics mistaken for Zooplankton and eaten by marine life.

Larger fish eat smaller organisms and fish and in turn absorb toxic chemicals.

Humans farm and eat the contaminated fish and ingest harmful toxins.

Chemicals are arbsorbed into the oil bases in the plastics : ALDRIN MIREX TOXAPHENE HEPTACHLOR ENDRIN DIELDRINE DDT CHLORDANE DIOXINS FURANS HEXACHLOROBENZINE POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS

Micro plastics polluting the Ocean.

Valuable recyclable resource is being lost to the Ocean.

Marine environment intoxicated and in the foodchain is affected.

Use ocean currents to clollect microplastics and clean up the water.

Create an artificial landform or quarry for microplastics to be distibuted from.

Small Feeding Claw

Create a new industry from the waste plastic to use in construction as aggregate, giving the plastics economic value whilst cleaning the ocean.

0.5% oil and gas (1.1 million tonnes) 6.6% coal (12.8 million tonnes

Maxilipeds 17% 0.5mm wide INSECTICIDE

39% larger than 1mm

Setae

Fiddler Crab

10% 0.3mm wide

Microplastic Dimensions The sizing of the plastics in the ocean is dangerously low as the smaller the particle the greater the chance of it being ingested by marine life and then humans.

PESTICIDE

TOXIC CHEMICALS + SOLVENTS

35% 1mm wide

Brush shaped Setae Feather shaped Setae

The Fiddler Crab uses hair like strands in its mouth to separate food from sediment. This process could be inspiration for the harvesting of microplastics in the ocean.

12.6% industrial materials (24.6 million tonnes)

81% consturction minerals (157 million tonnes)

UK Mining Percentages In the UK construction materials make up the majorital percentage of all mining and globally Aggregates are the most mined resource.

HERO IMAGE

BENEFITS ENVIRONMENTAL

ECONOMIC

FLOAT is a low -impact system which due to its mobility does not affect maerine ecosystems and habitats with its presence.

Aggregate is the most mined material in the worlsd and therefore if this is substitued with microplastics, what was a waste product becomes extremely valuable.

OVERALL HEAT DRIVEN RE-AMALGAMATION IS NOT REQUIRED. THE RESULTING PRODUCT IS JUST AS STRONG AS CONVENTIONAL CONCRETE.

UNLIKE PLASTICS CAN BE UNIVERSALLY MIXED.

THE MINING OF NEW MATERIAL TO SERVE AS AGGREGATE IS NO LONGER NECCESSARY.

The approach of this project is not necessarily an architectural solution. The proposal is a sophisticated solution for collecting micro-plastics from the sea and making a positive economical and environmental impact. This low-impact system promoted industrial growth and also takes into account the disturbance it will cause the marine ecosystem. I wish I could have taken a more active role within this project and help it develop further.

COLLECT

DISTRIBUTE

CONSTRUCT

Shahrukh Ahmed Sheikh

Yang Jessie Hu

Harry Harrison

QUALITIES:

- Active with Ideas - SketchUp & Rendering Skills - Problem Solver

- Hand Sketches - Photoshop - Articulates Well

- Hand drawn skill - Time Management Qualities -Communicates constructively

Achievements:

Producing very clear and precise drawings that reflect the concept exactly.

Been more open to different ideas and methods of working. Changed my style of portraying drawings.

Proposing all three competitions very concisely and have valuable input at each team meeting

The RSA Competitions have been a challenge for all three of us. I think as a team we are all quite pleased with the end result, however, I personally feel the outputs could have been a bit more resolved if we had worked on all three projects together from the start and tackled the work load as a unified team. I understand that straddling over three projects over a limited amount of time is difficult but I genuinely think architectural solutions are best when many inputs and ways of representation are combined. Needless to say that the volume of work would be more substantial but the depth and breath of the project could have been a lot more vigorous.

Critical Team Analysis

To conclude, I feel both LAKA and RSA Competitions has taught me to approach a project being more focused on sustainable principles. The investigations and initial research undertaken have been particularly useful in collating various knowledges gained between different workshops and external lectures. The particular theme of QED has provided me with a framework to start analysing and identifying solutions to specific problems that donâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t just apply a technologically smart solution but think of the bigger picture and in-cooperating natural solutions which have been through vigorous stages of evolution.

conclusion

Hensel, Michael, Menges, Achim, ‘The Heterogeneous Space of Morpho‐Ecologies’, in Hensel, Michael, Menges, Achim, Height, Christopher, eds., Space Reader: Hetrogeneous Space in Architecture, (Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 2009), pp. 195‐215 Height, Christopher, ‘Designing Ecologies’, in Reed, Chris, Lister, Nina‐Marie, eds., Projective Ecologies, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, (New York: Actar Publishers, 2014), pp. 84‐105 Manaugh, Geoff, ‘Landscape Futures’, The Bldg Blog Book, (San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 2009), Chapter 5 Oxman, Neri, ‘Material Ecology’, in Oxman, Rivka, Oxman, Robert, eds., Theories of The Digital in Architecture, (London: Routledge, 2014), pp. 319‐326 Baez, Manuel, ‘Phenomeno‐logical Garden: A Work in Morpho‐logical Process’, in Beesley, Philip, Bonnemaison, Sarah, eds., On Growth and Form: Organic Architecture and Beyond, (Halifax, Nova Scotia: Tuns Press, 2008), pp. 140‐153 Beesley, Philip, ‘Liminal Responsive Architecture’, in Beesley, Philip, ed., Hylozoic Ground: Liminal Responsive Architecture, (Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2010), pp. 12‐39 Hill, Jonathan, ‘From the Reactive User to the Creative User’, Actions of Architecture: Architects and Creative Users, (London: Routledge, 2003), pp. 29‐62 Tschumi, Bernard, ‘Questions of Space’, in Hensel, Michael, Height, Christopher, Menges, Achim, eds., Space Reader: Hetrogeneous Space in Architecture, (Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 2009), pp. 39‐43 Addington, Michelle, ‘Architecture of Contingency’, in Beesley, Philip, ed., Hylozoic Ground: Liminal Responsive Architecture, (Toronto: Riverside Architectural Press, 2010), pp. 66‐75 Allen, Stan, ‘From Object to Field: Field Conditions in Architecture and Urbanism’, in Hensel, Michael, Height, Christopher, Menges, Achim, eds., Space Reader: Hetrogeneous Space in Architecture, (Chichester: John Wiley and Sons, 2009), pp. 119‐143 Berman, Ila, ‘Amphibious Territories’, in Gissen, David, ed., Territory: Architecture beyond Environment, Architectural Design, (London: John Wiley and Sons, 2010), pp. 66‐73 Lally, Sean, ‘The Shape of Energy’, in Reed, Chris, Lister, Nina‐Marie, eds., Projective Ecologies, Harvard University Graduate School of Design, (New York: Actar Publishers, 2014), pp. 312‐335

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