Jackson Hole Woman 2013

Jackson Hole

Woman

October 16, 2013

How equal is the EQUALITY STATE? page 3

child care gap

Teaching tech

Ski like a girl

Jackson Hole parents still struggle to find and pay for day care for their children, and the trend doesn’t seem to be improving, page 10.

Teton County schools buck traditional gaps between the numbers of men and women teaching science and math classes, page 25.

Outdoor gear manufacturers are discovering that it makes good sense to make and market skis, boots and more for women, page 28. kathryn holloway / news&guide illustration

2 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Table of Contents

3 4 6 7 8 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 26 28 29

30 32 34

AFTER 23 YEARS, THE WOMEN OF JHTE FINALLY DECIDED TO THROW A PARTY! Join Us November 1st, 4-7pm

How equal is the Equality State?

Wyoming women still breaking political glass ceiling Womentum builds relationships between women Latino Resource Center director goes into the trenches Jackson’s women filmmakers break the mold Teton County parents struggle to find, pay for child care Cow Belles carry on a dying Wyoming tradition Women make Jackson’s nonprofits run Wyoming women hunt just like men GTNP press office bucks the notion of “pink collar” work Nobel winner shaped by childhood disaster Teton County teachers break STEM stereotypes The secret life of Kate Mead, ranching attorney Tailoring gear to a woman’s body Workshops teach women nontraditional skills away from male judgment Fewer Wyoming women die in avalanches Women shape buds and blooms Author urges women to speak up

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JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 3

WYOMING’S WORKING WOMEN (US CENSUS 2003-05) WOMEN AND THE ECONOMY

NATIONAL RANKING

Median annual earning

$25,800

47

Ratio compared with men’s earnings

0.607

51

Labor force participation

65.3%

9

Percent employed in managerial/ professional occupations

32.3%

29

Overall

Driven by taking charge of my career and my income.

44

WOMEN AND STATE ECONOMIC POLICY

NATIONAL RANKING

Percent with health insurance

79.9%

35

Percent 25+ with 4-year college degree or more

21.0%

46

Percent business ownership

24.4%

44

Percent above poverty level

88.8%

18

Overall

Life on mY termS.

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Source: 2011 STATUS OF WYOMING’S WORKING WOMEN REPORT, WYOMING WOMEN’S FOUNDATION

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is the Equality State?

Statistics show Wyoming is ahead in some areas but still far behind in others.‌

By Rebecca Walsh

C

arma Corra was at a career fair in one of those windswept, eastern Wyoming towns on the border with Nebraska last year, pitching high-tech and professional jobs.

Nearly to a person, the girls gathered around the chairwoman of the governor’s Council for Women’s Issues said they planned to go to cosmetology school.

Such lowered expectations are just one of the indefinable problems facing those trying to reverse the most concrete and highly publicized measure of the state of women in the “Equality State”: the gender pay gap.

Once again this year Wyoming ranks dead last — 51st, counting Washington, D.C. — in the annual comparison of how much men earn and how much women earn. For every dollar a Wyoming man makes, a Wyoming woman earns 67 cents.

In Teton County the pay gap is narrower — 78 cents to every dollar according to a 2011 report from the Wyoming Women’s Foundation — 1 cent higher than the national average of 77 cents. But still.

“It’s disappointing,” Corra said.

“Maybe even embarrassing.”

But the gender pay gap is just one gauge of what it’s like to be a woman in Wyoming. By other measures, the state does quite well.

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poverty, according to the Center for American Progress. And the federal government rates the state’s efforts to collect child support from noncustodial parents top among the states.

And of course the state can claim credit for being the first to give women the right to vote, in 1869, and the first to elect a woman governor, Nellie Tayloe Ross in 1924, by other measures, women’s equality in the Equality State falls short.

Nearly 150 years after Wyoming women’s suffrage gave state leaders the right to boast, the claim of equality, some observers say, is undercut by the facts.

Fewer Wyoming women are elected to the state Legislature, fewer hold college degrees than threefourths of the rest of the states in the country, and it has one of the smallest percentages of businesses owned by women.

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Economic insecurity In terms of women’s ability to find stable, self-supporting jobs, the state fares even worse.

The Center for American Progress gives Wyoming an F for women’s economic security this year. That grade is based on the wage gap, the percentage of women in poverty, family leave and sick leave policies and prekindergarten funding from the state.

Wyoming provides no public funding for pre-K education (see page 10) and has no state laws ensuring sick or family leave.

As for that much-publicized wage gap, the conventional explanation in

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4 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Genders not balanced in Wyoming politics

Only two women have seats in state Senate, and just 13 have seats in state House.

By Mike Koshmrl

I

t’s been nearly a decade since Clarene Law left politics, but she still looks back fondly on her time in office.

“I miss politics a lot,” Law said. “I think we have a wonderful representative democracy in Wyoming, and I think that women should take the opportunity to serve.

“It’s a marvelous journey,” she said.

With a political career that spans decades, Law is unusual in the Equality State, a sort of matriarch for the female Teton County politicians who would follow in her wake.

Despite being the first state to grant women the right to vote — in 1869 — and the first to elect a woman governor — Nellie Tayloe Ross in 1924 — Wyoming hasn’t progressed much further in validating women’s political aspirations.

Just two women hold seats in the state Senate, and only 13 of 60 representatives in the state House are women.

U.S. Rep. Cynthia Lummis is the only woman in the state’s three-person congressional delegation. And if Liz Cheney succeeds in her bid to unseat fellow Republican Sen. Mike Enzi, she will be the state’s first female senator.

Still, Law said, would-be female

PRICE CHAMBERS / NEWS&GUIDE file photo

Liz Cheney, of Wilson, is running for U.S. Senate. If she unseats incumbent Mike Enzi in the Republican primary and goes on to win the general election, she will be Wyoming’s first female senator.

politicians shouldn’t despair.

Law served seven terms as a Republican representative for Jackson in the Wyoming House. She was first tapped to represent the people of Teton County in 1991, when she was a 57-year-old mother. The support of her family, she said, was pivotal to having a successful political career.

Family support a must

BRADLY J. BONER / news&Guide file photo

Female politicians “have to juggle,” said Clarene Law, a Republican who served seven terms representing Jackson in the state House.

“The big thing about a woman in politics is you do have to juggle,” Law said. “You have to juggle your family and those things that you usually do at home.

“It requires huge support from your family, huge support from your children,” she said. “I think that support of family for a woman in politics is absolutely a must.”

Before her tenure in Cheyenne, Law spent a number of years as chairwoman of the Teton County School District board. It was her first foray into politics. Her reason for getting involved was straightforward: She was a mother and she didn’t ap-

prove of the way things were going.

“I didn’t like the job that the school board was doing,” Law said. “If you want change, you should be willing to step up and effect that change.”

Being a woman is something of a side note for Law as she thinks back on her political career.

“I’m one who always treated people as equals,” she said. “I think women are very effective— just as effective as men.”

“An effective person’s an effective person,” Law said.

By the numbers, women have plenty of ground to make up in Equality State politics. They constitute just 16.7 percent of Wyoming representatives and state senators.

The imbalance isn’t a whole lot better in town and county politics, according to 2012 Wyoming Council on Women’s Issues data.

Just 25 percent of Wyoming’s town and city councilors are women. A dismal 11 percent of elected officials in the state’s 23 county commissions are women.

Wyoming’s governor is a man, and except for Lummis’ predecessor, Barbara Cubin, every other person who has represented Wyoming in Congress since statehood has been a male.

In Jackson Hole politics, the gender breakdown is better.

With Commissioners Barbara Allen and Melissa Turley elected in 2012, 40 percent of Teton County commissioners now are women. Hailey Morton stands alone on the fourperson Jackson Town Council.

A larger voice for women Morton, at 27 the youngest town councilor in Jackson history, got involved in politics to give young folks and women a larger voice.

“In Wyoming, even in Jackson, politics has traditionally been male dominated,” said Morton, a lifelong valley resident. “Oftentimes, women need to be asked to run. It’s just not something that they think about.

“I think we’re heading in the right See GENDERS on 5

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Genders

Continued from 4

direction,” she said. “After this last election, we now have three women between the town and county.”

Law said balancing out the sexes in Wyoming politics would better serve voters.

“We need an increase in women,” Law said. “I believe in women serving very strongly.”

Also a former chairwoman of Wyoming’s Travel, Recreation, Wildlife and Cultural Resources Committee, Law said women need a larger role, particularly in executive political positions.

“Frankly, I was the last woman chairman [in the Wyoming Legislature],” she said.

In Law’s opinion, women do bring a unique “tenderness” and “sensitiv-

ity” to certain issues that need political support.

Now 80 years old, Law has seven grandkids, and she stays active in the Jackson community. She still plays a role in managing her family’s many lodging assets in town: the 49’er Inn and Suites, Elk Country Inn, Antler Inn and the Cowboy Village Resort.

Just the other week, Law was inducted into the new Wyoming Business Hall of Fame. She’s the only woman out of five inductees.

“I’m a little bit humbled by that,” she said.

“I think that the reason that they would even consider me is because I have always supported and realized the value of such things as the museums and the Grand Teton Music Festival,” Law said. “I can’t sing, and I certainly can’t draw, but I understand that those things are important.”

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6 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Mentoring in the mountains

Relationships last long after end of nine months of ‘Womentoring’

By Jennifer Dorsey

I

t was kind of like a blind date arranged by a matchmaker.

They filled out questionnaires that explored their skills, goals and personalities. Without knowing names, each reviewed the other’s questionnaires as well as other people’s, then selected several that struck a chord.

A third party reviewed their choices, decided these particular two would be a good fit and then left it to them to arrange a meeting.

The two were April Norton — April Hankey at the time — and Kelly French. It was 2009, and they were paired up for a nine-month, menteementor relationship.

Their matchmaker: Womentoring, a Womentum program that aims to inspire women, build their confidence and empower them to be leaders.

Though the term “mentoring” might call to mind two women in business suits talking shop over a power lunch, Norton and French got acquainted in true Jackson Hole style: meeting at the base of Snow King Mountain and hiking up. It was friendship at first switchback.

BRADLY J. BONER/Jackson Hole Daily

Kelly French and April Norton were paired up for a nine-month mentee-mentor program through Womentum in 2009. The pair has kept in touch ever since.

“We didn’t stop talking the whole way,” said French, 43.

Building relationships is part of building networks, which is one of the things Womentoring is about. Building skills is another. Mentees might explore with their partners how to set goals, for example, and lay out the steps to achieve them. They might discuss how to set priorities among competing life choices, or how to articulate their strengths, speak in public and negotiate.

“We don’t see it as specifi-

cally career-oriented,” said Teton County Commissioner Melissa Turley, one of Womentum’s founders and a onetime mentee herself. “We look at it more as skills development.”

Turley went into her mentoring relationship with Katharine Conover, president of the Community Foundation of Jackson Hole, interested in learning how to run a board. She was president of the board of the nonprofit Girls Actively Participating and thought she

needed some help with the role. Though going through the Womentoring program didn’t plant the seed for her decision to run for a seat on the Jackson Town Council, it did give her confidence.

“It helped empower me to see myself as a leader,” she said. “It helped me to see the strength of women in the community and the strength of the network here.”

When Norton entering Womentoring she was in her late 20s and at a crossroads in her life. She was trying to decide

if the long-term relationship she was in was “forever.” She liked her work but craved new challenges and needed help negotiating with a prospective employer for the kind of job she wanted. And like many young and notso-young people in Jackson Hole, she wondered, “How am I going to stay?”

French was married, raising children and running her own business, Jackson Curbside Recycling. She understood the challenges of creating a life in Jackson Hole. The pool of professions to choose from isn’t nearly as large as in metropolitan areas.

“You make an active decision to stay here,” she said.

“You can’t just live here passively.”

And even the best job doesn’t seem so tempting when you’re going to work and your friends are heading out to ski fresh powder.

“There’s a lot of unconventional circumstances that don’t arise if you live in Baltimore,” French said. “It’s not a given that everyone goes to work on Monday morning.”

In Jackson, she said, “there’s no norm. It’s trying to sift through your priorities and where you want your path to lead.”

As sorority sisters — Kappa Kappa Gamma — from Southern colleges, the women had a natural bond.

“We understood where each other was coming from,” See MENTOR on 17

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S

onia Capece started her life in Jackson Hole like many do: She came to work for a winter and got hooked.

But after years working in hotels, holding every position from housekeeper to front desk clerk to manager, Capece decided to make a career change.

“I had been working in the hospitality industry for seven years,” Capece said. “You can really make an impact on peoples’ favorite time of year: vacation time. But [a sense of community] was something that was missing.”

Capece found that connection in 2009 at the Latino Resource Center, where a part-time gig quickly turned into a full-time position.

“By making the switch I really discovered another side of Jackson, a side I didn’t know existed,” said Capece, who now serves as the organization’s executive director.

“I saw that there’s a lot of people that care about making Jackson a better place.”

– Sonia Capece Latino Resource Center Director

What fired her up was not that so many Latinos in the valley were looking for help. She already knew many people from the valley’s large and still-growing Mexican and Central and South American population from her time working in hotels.

What she hadn’t expected, though, was the number of people and organizations working to help others.

“I saw that there’s a lot of people that care about making Jackson a better place,” she said. “All that was totally new to me.”

Her experience serving Jackson Hole’s Latinos has been rewarding, plugging her into the community as a whole.

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Sonia Capece said she discovered a different side of Jackson when she began working part-time at the Latino Resource Center.

bigger, something more than paying the bills and skiing on a good ski day,” Capece said.

But you don’t have to work fulltime for a nonprofit to give back.

There are many volunteer opportunities, Capece said, which she recommended to young people here to live the Jackson Hole lifestyle.

“Caring about another person and putting yourself in their shoes, it establishes a connection,” she said.

The Latino Resource Center helps connect people with just the right organization they need and also provides its own programs aimed at empowering Latino entrepreneurs and young people.

The organization also helps people whose first language is Spanish work through day-to-day issues, like applying for jobs, enrolling in school and obtaining Social Security numbers.

“We see a lot of single moms,” Capece said.

“Being a mom is wonderful but it’s challenging,” she said. “Being a single mom, I can’t even imagine. At the same time I think there are a lot of supports for women here.”

Capece also pointed to other organizations, such as Climb Wyoming, that help single moms.

She encouraged young people to get involved in the community in whatever way they can.

“When you take that step and get involved, your life changes so much,” she said.

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8 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Lights, camera, action for Jackson women in film

Female filmmakers take valley industry far behind sports flicks.

By Emma Breysse

J

ennifer Tennican likes to watch ski porn, but making it is not this filmmaker’s cup of tea.

When she first moved to the Jackson Hole from New England, that was more of a problem for her professional life, she said.

“I didn’t see a lot of people doing the work that I was doing and that I wanted to do,” Tennican said. “I saw a lot of people doing high-level, beautifully shot sports film, but what engages me is if I feel engaged with a character, with a story.”

Now, eight years after starting her own video production company, JenTen Productions, she is part of a community of women filmmakers who work together, making room for their kind of film in Jackson Hole.

Volunteering at the Alpinist Film Festival introduced a few women filmmakers to one another. Between climbing, skiing and enjoying the valley’s other outdoor activities, each knew a few other women involved in some aspect of film, and a community formed, Tennican said.

Now — though most of those women have independent work and some of them, like Tennican, own their own studios — partnering for all or some of a project is the norm rather than the exception.

Ski and sport films are still alive and well, and the valley’s filmmaking women are on their production teams from time to time. Some even take the helm.

But unlike in the early days of Tennican’s valley residency, such conventional sports films are part of a mix that includes Tennican’s short film on the Stagecoach Bar, Melinda Binks’ humanitarian and environmental documentaries, and Leigh Regan and Bonnie Kreps’ film about Wyoming Latinas.

“The key to working on film in Jackson is collaboration,” said Marni Walsh, owner of Marni Productions.

“We’ve all worked together for decades now, some of

BRADLY J. BONER / NEWS&GUIDE

Jennifer Tennican and other female filmmakers have expanded the Jackson Hole movie-making industry far beyond the ski and sports realms.

us. It is an important community.”

Walsh, who learned her filmmaking and production skills at Jackson’s now-defunct television station, does a bit of everything, from travel adventure video to National Geographic wildlife films to TV commercials.

Along with her own work, she’s on the list of JenTen Productions’ regular collaborators, along with Binks, owner of Fall Creek Productions, and Rebecca Huntington, a valley broadcast and print journalist who

also works at Fall Creek.

The range of skills in the community is broad, partly due to the widely divergent routes the women took to their filmmaking careers.

Lori Zalbowitz, owner of Whole Story Productions, is a former TV reporter from Idaho and ESPN. Tennican took film courses at Emerson College after deciding she needed a change from her former career in commercial real estate appraisal.

See filmmakers on 9

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Melinda Binks, one of a growing number of Jackson Hole female filmmakers, shoots in Burundi, Africa, for a documentary for Global Health Frontline News.

filmmakers Continued from 8

Binks worked as an assistant to wildlife photographer Tom Mangelsen, attending documentary classes at the Maine Media Workshop once she realized her passion for the medium.

Katy Bell, a filmmaker-turnedwaitress/travel agent-turned-filmmaker, is one of the few who got a formal degree in film. She attributes her recent return to the field to the community of women she found waiting when she returned to Jackson from an aborted move to Los Angeles.

Bell grew up in Jackson and attended film school in Bozeman, Mont., and then Chicago. Her specialty is in the technical work of operating a camera and using equipment to set up the perfect shot.

After one month in Los Angeles, she found she couldn’t live with the crowds and the traffic, so she came home to the mountains. She found plenty of work, mainly on ski and sports flicks, but she

also found plenty of dissatisfaction.

“The technical stuff was totally different from my training, and they definitely had a set idea of what they needed me to do,” she said. “Also a lot more places needed editing and film logging work, which is not my strength, and I did hours and hours of it.”

What was more, Bell typically was not paid for her work or her expertise in those days, back when the Jackson film world was harder to break into.

She eventually took paying work at Aspen Travel and Snake River Grill. She thought she had left film behind her.

Then she met Tennican, Walsh, Zalbowitz and other women. That was the tipping point for her, she said.

“I did kind of lose hope,” she said.

“With this group of women, it is such a collaboration and there are so many different stories being told.

“The guys are great too,” she said, “but I think the women I’ve found are better at recognizing each other’s strengths and rounding each other out. It’s really exciting.”

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ome of the time Mike Durr stays home with his daughter. Sometimes his wife, Nicole, has child care duties.

The rest of the time the toddler goes to a day care center.

It takes the kind of juggling and budgeting that only parents of young children can understand. But it’s the choice the couple made in order to live in an expensive mountain ski town with limited affordable child care.

“We can pay for it because we’ve made that choice,” said Mike Durr, a Jackson real estate agent. “We made a conscious decision to stay living in a ski town and make it work.”

Durr’s family is not alone. A 2012 study for Teton County by Susan Eriksen-Meier Consulting showed nearly 1,300 children in the county under the age of 5. That’s about 6 percent of the population.

The county’s 24 licensed child care centers can accommodate about half that number, the report states.

And with infant care reaching $90 a day at some centers, many parents struggle to pay for the child care they need.

More than 200 of Teton County’s children qualify for child care assistance, according to the report, and the consultant estimated that more than 400 children receive child care through “some kind of unlicensed situation.”

Durr’s daughter is enrolled at Sweet Spirits in Jackson. He and his wife shuffle their work weeks and cut

Left to right: Shelly Pew, Monique Gustin, Carol Saez, Anpeytu Raben, Kelsie Remer, Kathryn Parker, Charlene Smiley (not pictured)

back where they can. He works from home and schedules business calls during nap time.

The decision didn’t come lightly, he said, and it entailed some concessions.

“You’ve got to have compatible jobs,” he said. “I’m glad I didn’t do it in my 20s. We chose to structure our lives around our child, which isn’t what all people do.”

The couple limits date nights to save money.

“A lot of times we can’t go out at night, because you might have a $100 bar bill and dinner bill, but you also have a $100 child care bill. ... I think a lot of people don’t expect that.”

The county study projects little change in the number of child care spots over the next 20 years. In 2015, Eriksen-Meier estimates, Teton County will have 779 day care spots, but 1,343 kids under the age of 5. In 2030 the county will have fewer than 200 additional spots and 1,589 children under the age of 5.

The consultants advised county leaders to consider child care an investment in the future.

Aside from allowing parents time for work and occasional relaxation, sufficient child care prepares kids for a lifetime of learning, the report says.

“In 2011, 18 percent of Teton County kindergartners arrived at school academically unprepared to learn and 20 percent of kindergartners needed remedial reading assistance mid-year,” the report states.

“If we do not invest in these children during early childhood, we will pay for their needs later in the education process — literally. It is far more efficient to invest in children during See CHILD CARE on 11

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CHILD CARE Continued from 10

early childhood.”

Local educators agree.

“Research has shown that children that have strong foundations built in the first five years have more cognitive and academic success in school,” said Betsy Carlin, the founding director and a 20-year employee of Saint John’s Medical Center’s child care facility. “They have more social and emotional success in life, and they’re more likely to graduate from high school and become productive citizens.

“At the same time, they’re less likely to drop out,” she said, “less likely to get in trouble with the law, less likely to go to jail, which saves us a lot of tax money.”

Carlin said the work of James Heckman, a Nobel Prize winner and University of Chicago economist, showed that each dollar spent on early education represented a savings of at least $7 to achieve the same educational outcomes later in life.

“As a society we need to start thinking about how to include young children in our education system,” she said.

The town, county and federal government all support some subsidy for early education, said Patti Boyd, the Children’s Learning Center’s executive director.

Jackson and Teton County leaders approved funding measures to build the child care center — the county’s largest — and federal assistance comes through Head Start, which is designed to aid low-income families.

The state of Wyoming, on the other hand, hasn’t been a strong funder of early childhood education, she said.

“There is not a lot of forward momentum in regards to early childhood care and education in Wyoming,” Boyd said.

“In fact there’s been backward momentum in the past two years.”

The state has consolidated a number of separate programs under its De-

partment of Family Services in recent years, eliminating or severely curtailing services such as professional development and a program designed to help parents find licensed child care providers, she said.

Recent federal budget cuts have further hurt Wyoming’s ability to serve Teton County’s children, Boyd said.

“We’re the organization that has the local Head Start program, which is for the most disadvantaged children in town,” she said. “That has been greatly impacted by recent government cuts.

Our capacity, our license with them, allows us to have 96 children. They asked us to cut 16 children from that with the sequester.”

Another 120 children are on the waiting list for the program, Boyd said.

“It’s so important, particularly for poor children to get into quality early education programs,” she said. “It makes all the difference in their success.”

Parents living in poverty “really are under such stress to make life work that a child from poverty comes to school having a greatly diminished number of words, for example,” she said. “Imagine going to school and having a third of the vocabulary a child from a middle-class family has.”

The Children’s Learning Center is working to raise money for scholarships to allow more children to attend their tuition-based program, Boyd said. Teton County and the town of Jackson already subsidize the center.

“These days, it takes two incomes to make a family work if you want to have the quality of life most people want,” Boyd said.

In turn, when both parents work, day care is a necessary adjunct for raising children.

“This is not just a problem in Jackson,” Boyd said. “This is a national problem. ... If we as a community could do anything, we should pull together to help young families and working families get their children into [early childhood education] programs.”

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12 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Diana Brown, center, visits with other members of the Jackson Hole Cow Belles at the group’s monthly luncheon in September. The group formed 59 yea

Belles of

Club made up of ranch women is now more social than political.‌

By Johanna Love

W

hen the Jackson Hole Cow Belles formed 59 years ago with a mission to promote beef, cattle ranching was the valley’s primary economic engine.

Now just a handful of families still run cattle here, club President Liz Lockhart said, and the Cow Belles are more social than political.

For “the ladies who’d been here a long time and actually had cattle,” Lockhart said, “it’s become a way for them to connect with each other once a month.”

According to the club history printed in the “Feeding the Herd” cookbook, any woman who “owned cattle, or whose husband derived all or part of his income from the cattle industry” was invited to join. By 1964, those requirements were dropped, and any woman was welcome.

When Diana Karns Brown married her husband, Jimmy, in 1958, her new mother-in-law, Phyllis Brown, was president of the Cow Belles. Diana was roped into the herd of ranch ladies in short order.

She and Jimmy ran cows on the more than 700 acres of the Brown Ranch while they raised three children.

Mutual assistance Ranch families helped one another with the myriad tasks that required a crowd of labor: birthing, branding and driving cattle from winter to summer range.

“We had a few people who’d come and help us,” Brown said, “and when they branded, we’d go help them.

“We always turned it into a party. They’d brand calves and come in at noon or before noon. Everybody’d have a cocktail and we’d eat, then sit out on the lawn and have another one if they wanted.”

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The Cow Belles’ signature napkins show brands from ranches in the area. The group also has a cookbook.

The decline in the ranching industry in Jackson Hole can be tied to both money and attitudes, Brown said.

“Jackson filled up with a bunch of environmentalists who didn’t really like seeing cattle on public lands,” Brown said.

Up the Gros Ventre River drainage in the 1960s, there were “thousands” of bovines being raised, Cow Belle Marion Taylor said. Now, there are only two working ranches in that area, including Taylor Ranch.

JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 13

NEWS&GUIDE FILE PHOTO

PRICE CHAMBERS / News&Guide

ars ago with a mission to promote beef and cattle ranching.

Feeding ranch hands on a branding or cattle drive is one of duties the Cow Belles undertake.

This unidentified file photo shows a hearty spread.

the beef

Some of the shift was inevitable. The work it takes to run cattle is nonstop, she said, and the ranchers are getting older.

“It’s a 24/7 job, 365 days a year,” Taylor said. “We used to have a milk cow. After it died, my husband said, ‘We’re gonna have to go shop for a new milk cow,’ and I said ‘Why? All our kids are gone.’ You have to be there in the morning and the evening to milk. It’s a lot of work.”

Even though Taylor’s husband, Glenn, is 79, he wants to keep working the way he’s used to, moving irrigation pipe several times a day. “It’s a lifestyle that’s a little hard to give up,” she said.

The club still promotes beef, Taylor said, despite the fairly recent national health trend focused on lowering cholesterol. She recalled one year in the 1990s when the Cow Belles staffed a booth at the health fair with recipes endorsed by the American Heart Association. Dr. Buz Bricca was a friend of Taylor’s and one of the physicians assigned to help people interpret their blood panel results.

“I said, ‘Are you going to be over there objecting to what we’re doing?’” Taylor recalled. “He said, ‘No. You do need some red meat, just leaner cuts, and the portions have to be reasonable.’”

Tough ladies who lunch Cow Belles are “kinda tough and a little opinionated at times,” Taylor said.

At the club’s most recent luncheon Sept. 26, member Deb Vandervelt offered her strong opinions about how few people recognize how cattle ranching can help preserve open space and enhance public lands.

“Everybody wants the view, but nobody wants to give the ranchers credit for it,” Vandervelt said, and forest or park grazing helps regenerate plant life. “Cloven hooves aerate the soil.”

After their kids went off to college, the Browns couldn’t afford to ranch any more and in 1986 sold much of their acreage. A grid of single-family homes in Indian Trails now covers

the acres where the Browns’ Herefords once roamed.

“We got caught up in owing more money than we could produce with cattle, and the only thing of value we had was land,” Brown said.

She has fond memories of her years as a cattlewoman and the camaraderie between ranching families.

“It was such a good life with families working together,” she said, “trying to maintain an industry that had no future.”

Keeping tradition going For now, the Cow Belles remain a social group that meets once a month for lunch. They sell their cookbooks, popular dinner and cocktail napkins that feature the brands used by ranches in Jackson Hole, and canvas totes emblazed with the logos. The Belles use the money raised for various projects including sponsoring the Teton County 4-H beef club and buying beef to donate to the Senior Center of Jackson Hole.

The women know their way around a cow and a kitchen.

Club members entered the High Noon Chili Cookoff this year that’s part of Old West Days, scoring second place in the amateur division.

The Cow Belles would welcome younger members to help revitalize the club, Lockhart said. Cattle ownership is no longer required.

One of the youngest members joined last month. Home for a semester from college, rodeo star Shyann Lucas is the granddaughter of some of the valley’s original ranchers.

“I’ve tagged along with my mom [to Cow Belle functions] since I was little,” Lucas said. “It’s fun to see some of the older ladies who were my grandma’s friends. Cattle ranching’s important to me, and this is what’s left of the people who were in it when that was all there was here.”

Cow Belle napkins and cookbooks can be purchased from the Wort Hotel boutique and Wilson Formal or from Brown at her shop, Sew Special.

14 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

The Women of ton Associa e T d tion n a r G

Kara Pollard is the director of the Animal Adoption Center.

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en may run Jackson Hole’s banks, but women run the nonprofits.

Of the 190 nonprofits listed a director compiled by the Community Foundation of Jackson Hole, more than half — 105 — have women at the helm.

With annual budgets ranging from $13 million to $280,000, the nonprofits run by women focus their efforts on everything from the arts to animals.

The dominance of women in the valley’s nonprofit sector mirrors national trends that show females gravitating to such work. Where Teton County bucks the system is in the number of women in leadership roles.

The Center for the Arts houses about a dozen and a half arts and education organizations. And Martha Bancroft, one of the newest women to take a nonprofit leadership role, says simply working in proximity to many of Teton County’s female directors results in a sort of mentoring relationship.

“Most of the executive directors in the building are women, and they’ve been great mentors to me,” Bancroft

Martha Bancroft is the new director of the Center for the Arts.

said. “It’s been great working in close proximity to these smart women.”

Nationally most of the jobs at nonprofits are held by women, but more of the bosses are men. The 2010 National Nonprofit Employment Trends Survey, an analysis of 500 nonprofits

by Washington, D.C., Nonprofit HR Solutions, found the higher positions of nonprofit leadership are still dominated by men.

And larger nonprofits are even more likely to have men in leadership.

A 2011 GuideStar survey shows that among groups with budgets of more than $1 million, only 16 percent had female executives. Median salaries for female nonprofit executives were more than $56,000 less than the median salaries for male nonprofit executives, See NONPROFITS on 15

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Katharine Conover is the executive director of the Community Foundation of Jackson Hole.

working at a veterinary clinic. She became its director in January.

Pollard was led to work in the field of animal rescue because of her love of animals. She said she suspects similar experiences have motivated other women to seek nonprofit work.

“Me ending up in this role is the result of my passion, which started as a little kid,” Pollard said. “Other women leading nonprofits have similar stories: being really passionate about an issue and caring enough to make it their life’s work.”

Many qualities of nonprofit work appeal to women, Jackson Hole’s female nonprofit leaders say, like the flexibility in work schedules, the collaborative nature of the work and the lack of ego, which often is only too present in the for-profit business world.

An underlying thread that runs through the reasons many women have for going into nonprofit work is their desire for a fulfilling career.

Conover said women deserve a chance to have a career they enjoy, and many find it in the nonprofit world.

“One gender should not have the corner on nonprofit work,” she said, “because it’s extremely satisfying, it’s a tremendous amount of fun and we should all get an equal crack at it.”

Nonprofit Snapshot Community Foundation of Jackson Hole Executive director: Katharine Conover Founding year: 1989 Annual income: $14,004,000 Annual expenses: $13,300,300 Administrative: 14% Program: 83% Fundraising: 3% Center for the Arts Director: Martha Bancroft Founding year: 1995 Annual income: $1,625,434 Annual expenses: $2,271,032 Administrative: 9% Program: 87% Fundraising: 4% Animal Adoption Center Executive director: Kara Pollard Founding year: 2004 Annual income: $326,966 Annual expenses: $287,459 Administrative: 9% Program: 82% Fundraising: 9%

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according to that study.

Still women gravitate to nonprofit work, sometimes taking a detour out of for-profit work.

Bancroft spent much of her career working in the private sector. After studying economics at the University of Virginia, Bancroft moved to Jackson in 1986. She worked at Jackson Hole Mountain Resort running the Kids Ranch and in human resources before taking a job at Friess Associates as Lynn Friess’ personal assistant. After working for a custom home builder and at a wealth management firm, Bancroft was recruited in February to be the Center for the Arts’ business manager in February. In May she was promoted to the top post at the nonprofit.

Katharine Conover, president of the Community Foundation of Jackson Hole also started out in other industries, working in publishing and as a fundraiser for schools.

In 1990, she moved to Jackson and began working for nonprofits, first as a therapist at Jackson Hole Community Counseling Center, then as director at the Community Safety Network and as a board member for the Wyoming Coalition Against Domestic Violence and Sexual Assault. In 2006 she was hired to lead the foundation.

Conover figures women gravitate to nonprofit work because many deal with child care and education, traditional areas for women’s advocacy.

“A number of women do end up working for nonprofits maybe for the same reason that I did,” she said, “because they have been exposed to those helping professions through their kids’ education, through raising their children. It’s a natural segue for women.”

She also thinks the wage gap, which in Wyoming is the widest of all the states, might contribute toward women’s willingness to work in the nonprofit world, where salaries are sometimes lower than in the business world.

“I think women are willing to work for less money than men, so they also are willing to work for nonprofits,” Conover said.

Only about half of the nonprofits in the valley have paid staff, which means that many Teton County residents who work for nonprofits make no money at all. That doesn’t seem to be an obstacle, though. Recent data also shows that women care about the missions of nonprofits more than men.

A 2010 survey by Georgetown University’s Center for Social Impact Communication revealed that 80 percent of women believe that supporting a nonprofit gives them a sense of purpose and community connectedness.

While 45 percent of Americans are actively involved in supporting nonprofits, women do so at significantly higher rates than men, according to the survey.

Kara Pollard, executive director of the Animal Adoption Center, said working at a small nonprofit with three employees is a good fit for her.

“Working as a team probably plays the biggest role in my job here,” Pollard said. “As a small organization, we need to work closely together. ... In my leadership role, being involved in a little bit of everything is important.”

Pollard started volunteering at the Animal Adoption Center in 2006 while

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16 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Women shoot animals, too

Jackson residents join women from around Wyoming to hunt for their antelope.

By Mike Koshmrl

T

he first annual Wyoming Women’s Antelope Hunt was a grand success.

At least three women ventured from Jackson Hole to the Buffalo area two weeks ago to join 31 other hunters from around the country in pursuit of pronghorn The event, a fundraiser for the Wyoming Women’s Foundation, ended up coinciding with a nearblinding blizzard. Some houses in the area lost power for hours that day.

“It was not pleasant,” said Gloria Esguerra Courser, a Jackson Hole sportswoman who partook. “It was blowing sideways; visibility was incredibly poor.

“If I woke up to those conditions in Jackson, I wouldn’t have gone out,” Courser said.

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But for many of the women who gathered at the Ranch at Ucross, the women’s antelope hunt was a once-in-a-lifetime experience. It cost $5,000 each, to boot.

All of the women ended up making it out into the field. And by the time the hunt came to a close 30 of the 34 women — 89 percent — went home with fresh meat in tow, meat they had hunted and shot themselves.

Abilities ranged from professional sharpshooters to a handful of women who had never hunted before.

Shelley Simonton, a Jackson resident and Wyoming Women’s Foundation board member, was among the succesful, as was Courser. Both

Rachel Girt / Wyoming Women’s Fo

Jackson hunter Gloria Esguerra Courser and the pronghorn antelope she bagged during the first annual Wyoming Women’s Antelope Hunt.

Jackson women were recognized by the foundation and Boone and Crockett club for bagging their animals with one shot.

A hunting fanatic, Courser bagged her largest-ever buck antelope with a clean single shot from 96 yards, she said. The hunting, Courser said, was actually easier because the antelope couldn’t see very much and were less leery due to the blowing snow.

As recently as seven years ago, hunting was completely new to Courser, a mother of two and a native Floridian.

“When I first started hiking with my husband while he was hunting, I was afraid of even walking off on my own away from him,” she said.

“The next hunting season I borrowed a gun,” Courser said. “I think it was my third hunting season that I started venturing out on my own.

As a woman, it’s amazing going from feeling unprepared and overwhelmed to the point now where I feel comfortable going out into the woods alone.”

These days, Courser can’t get enough of hunting.

“It is surely my favorite activity,” she said. “Come hunting season I am going out every single day I can manage it.”

For more information on the Wyoming Women’s Antelope Hunt, visit WyomingWomensAntelopeHunt. org. A limited number of scholarships are available for those who cannot afford registration.

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MENTOR

Continued from 6A

French said.

During the course of their mentoring they met one-on-one regularly and also in groups with other Womentoring participants. Often they got together to walk their dogs.

“We both prioritize exercise,” Norton said. “We talked about life, trying to negotiate life.”

In her professional life at that time, Norton was trying to figure out how to harness things she liked doing — planning and volunteering — into one job and then how to address that with prospective employers.

“It’s important going into a job to know what I want to get out of it,” she said.

“It’s articulating what I want and not losing sight of it.”

From French, she said, she was not only able to get the perspective of a “boss” but also get perspective on her own strengths. With the mentoring process, she said, “it’s having the right person there to help you analyze yourself.

“I knew I’d like to be a wife and mom,” Norton said. “She makes it all work. It proves to me it can be done. I didn’t have anyone else in this town to talk to about that.”

Norton said her mentor helped her make the right decisions about her relationship, which ultimately meant breaking it off with the man she lived with. And on moving day French showed up with “big black trash bags and got me out of the

house that day.”

And while Womentoring makes no promise about finding spouses for participants, French introduced Norton to her sons’ hockey coach.

One thing led to another and this past January, April Hankey married Teton County Planner Alex Norton.

Norton is also living her work life as program officer with the LOR Foundation, a nonprofit whose mission is “enhancing livability in the Intermountain West.”

French said that when she was mentoring she never felt her role was to be a font of wisdom.

“I certainly don’t have the answers,” she said. “You can help them out by figuring out what the questions are, by being a listener and a sounding – Kelly French board.

“April has a Mentor good head on her shoulders.

She just needed some confidence, as all of us did in our 20s.”

Though the two are great friends now, Norton still looks up to her mentor.

“She’s what I want to be when I grow up.”

Womentum recently launched its eighth Womentoring program. With 32 participants, it’s the largest class since the program began in 2006.

More than 175 women have participated.

For information about applying for the Womentoring program that starts next fall, email info@womentumwyo.org. In addition, Womentum will host a mentoring workshop Sept. 22.

“You can help them out by figuring out what the questions are, by being a listener and a sounding board.”

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18 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

BRADLY J. BONer / NEWS&GUIDE

Joan Anzelmo ran the public relations office at Grand Teton National Park from 1995 to 2007. The department has been all-women for more than 20 years.

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her few years on the job she hasn’t seen business-as-usual discrimination. To her, the silly uniform is ancient history.

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Getting a foot in the door The Park Service, established in 1916, was an afterthought to the parks themselves, which in early years were managed by the Army. Managers of the new agency took their cues from that.

“It was a pseudo-miliary structure,” Skaggs said. “It was a male-dominated agency. ... Rangers had to be all-round, general rangers, law enforcers, rescuers, firefighters.”

Women entered the Park Service the way they entered many fields: They sat at desks.

Skaggs started her career as a seasonal ranger working an entrance station, taking fees, giving directions — a job she held for two years.

Over the years, though, she decided that what some women see as old-style, even demeaning — the idea of women as nurturers, who gravitated to, say, teaching — was a foot in the door.

“Communicating and educating is a career path that has typically been open to women,” Skaggs said. “It’s just history, that women were led into that kind of role.”

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our stereotypical park ranger is a big guy chasing poachers or fighting a wildfire.

Jump forward to modern-day reality: Women have reached, and stayed at, the top jobs in the National Park Service and in its flagship parks, Yellowstone and Grand Teton.

And the shift is even more apparent in the public relations arm of Grand Teton National Park. The two people who do the park’s talking to the public are women, as were their predecessor and the person who came before her.

In fact, women have been the official voice of Grand Teton for more than 20 years. But the shift from the men-only Park Service of the past isn’t all that old.

Joan Anzelmo took over Grand Teton’s public relations from Linda Olson in 1995 and held the job until 2007.

Anzelmo recalls that a 1970s Park Service saw women as something exotic.

“Women weren’t even wearing the same uniform as the men,” she said recently. “We had a uniform that made us look like airline flight attendants. ... We wore scarves around our necks.”

Jackie Skaggs succeeded Anzelmo. She never wore the girl ranger outfit, but she recalls its “waitress uniform” vibe.

Jenny Anzelmo-Sarles, daughter of Anzelmo and former longtime Yellowstone law enforcement ranger Steve Sarles, is now Skaggs’ co-worker. In

99999999

JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 19

PARK PR

Thank you to all the women

Continued from 18

the environment, about the land and wild animals, was a bigger factor in her career that had nothing to do with male and female roles, she said.

“It’s not just a paycheck,” she said of the draw of work in the parks. “I feel it’s in our bones, a calling to serve the wildlife and the landscape. ... It’s an underlying passion we all feel not only for our job, but for our treasures — the landscape, the wildlife entrusted to the care of the National Park Service.”

Skaggs’ job includes traditional PR work — dealing with reporters’ questions about nature programs, avalanche deaths and road repairs — but also spreading the word about the philosophy and goals of the Park Service.

Anzelmo-Sarles does some of the same work but also focuses on community relations, “showing the work of the park, sharing information about our operations.”

A new generation With two parents in the Park Service, Anzelmo-Sarles grew up exposed to its mission.

She also grew up later and had different influences. A product of the allgirls Madeira School, a boarding school in Virginia, she didn’t face the unthinking and systemic prejudices that faced women into the end of the 20th century.

She recalls never being shy about raising her hand in class, giving an opinion.

When she left for school she didn’t think she would be back or would devote herself to some of the same things her parents worked at. But she had worked a temporary job for the Park Service while in college, and, while working at NBC back East, a Park Service program to recruit young workers offered the chance to work at Grand Teton.

“I loved the hubbub of the news,” she said. “But I missed the mountains and the West.” Coming back, she said, “was hard to do — but it was also easy.”

She has seen some of the old reluc-

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First, she said, “I don’t think I would have tolerated being treated differently.” And, she added, “I don’t feel I’m treated differently because I’m female.

If anything it’s because of my age.”

The 24-year-old also is pushing into an area that remains more male than female: She’s taking EMT training.

Anzelmo-Sarles said she has been welcomed to emergency services, and Sitting: Erin, Anika Standing Top to Bottom Bannister Some of our residents will be filmed on 12.12.12 as part of she isn’t the first woman there, though the third annual global day of media creation, making a First Row: Sierra, Eva, Laura, Maggie, Jeanet, Teresa, Lilliana, Isabella “there are not many women in the back shared archive and film for the world.

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End Row: Nina, Malory, Holly, Michelle, Barbara, Hannah, Dorothy She thinks that among some there is human experience a 24-hour period, stillRecording prejudicethe against women inover certain effort diversity, jobs.the But at showcases the samethetime she conflict, has al-tragedy and triumph thatcould occur get in one day. she wantways felt she where ed in the Park Service “if I was confident and We’re competent.” proud of our residents for being included.

Skaggs agreed.

“IWe’re think, with all government proudas of Jackson for being included. agencies, there’s a bit of a glass ceiling,” she said. “But I think a lot has changed.

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20 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

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here you’re from often is impossible to separate from who you are.

Devra Davis, an epidemiologist and Nobel Prize winner who lives in Wilson, was shaped by her childhood in Donora, Penn.

In 1948, while she was still a toddler, her hometown was blanketed in a toxic cloud of air pollutants from U.S. Steel’s Donora Zinc Works and American Steel & Wire plant. For four days in October, an acrid fog of sulfuric acid, nitrogen dioxide, fluorine and other poisonous

gases built up in an inversion.

Four people died quickly. Another 50 deaths were attributed to the pollution. The New York Times called it “one of the worst air pollution disasters in the nation’s history.”

Afterward, Davis said, there were two things people never talked about: pollution and the Holocaust.

The latter was proscribed because it was so recent and the former because it had to continue, she said.

“People depended on the factory to survive,” Davis said. “It was literally a company town.”

She learned about the U.S. Steel disaster in college at the University of Pittsburgh.

“I remember coming home and asking, ‘Was there another Donora?’ ” she said, “because I read a book in college that talked about Donora.”

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JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 21

nobel prize Continued from 20

Now an epidemiologist with advanced degrees in public health and sociology, Davis has devoted her life to studying causes of preventable deaths and to helping the public avoid them.

Best known for her 2002 book on the Donora tragedy, “When Smoke Ran Like Water,” Davis also served in President Clinton’s administration and was a lead author for the climate change research group awarded a Nobel Peace Prize with Al Gore in 2007.

A scientist from a time when few were women, Davis has for the last decade written books for nonscientists on epidemiological issues and the social forces that shape public awareness of them.

Science not immune to pressure “I’ve gravitated toward issues that affect large numbers of people that people are not aware of,” she said.

In some instances, people aren’t aware of the issues for a reason.

“Science is not just an objective enterprise,” she said. “It is completely social and quite vulnerable to the pressures of politics.”

Davis and her husband bought a house in Teton County in 1996. They split their time between Washington, D.C., and Wilson.

A public health researcher for the past 40 years, Davis has been at the forefront of research that has been viewed at times as alarmist or unsubstantiated.

“I started out working on tobacco and asbestos at the [National] Academy of Sciences at a time when there was a debate about whether there was enough evidence to take action against these issues,” she said.

Experience has taught her to take a conservative approach toward environmental health hazards, which are often identified in the scientific community long before the public believes in their existence.

“My perspective is, we can wait for proof of human harm, like we did with tobacco and asbestos, but if we do that we are condemning our children and grandchildren to health risks we can avoid,” she said.

Davis remembers her own mother shrugging off the pollution in Donora.

“Remember how we couldn’t see the sun in daytime?” was her mother’s response. “Remember how we used to have to wash the walls down?” She said, “I guess today they’d call that pollution The things people accept is the way it is.”

Coal, Davis said, is a similar example, one she studied as part of the Nobelwinning climate change research group.

the user’s head that it’s much less likely to cause cancer.

“It’s not like we’re telling people things to do that are very difficult,” she said.

Two years ago the World Health Organization issued a statement concurring with Davis’ findings. Cellphone radiation is “possibly” a carcinogen, the WHO statement says — a designation Davis said it shares with lead, engine exhaust, DDT and jet fuel. While not definitive, the finding means that cellphones’ carcinogenicity has not been ruled out and that evidence exists suggesting it may cause cancer, according to the WHO statement.

“You can’t call it a smartphone if it kills your brain cells, and it does,” Davis said.

Other issues Davis is researching that affect Teton County residents directly include radon, wood smoke, and the effects of cell towers on animals’ migration patterns, she said.

Her next book, on “electromagnetic forces, which are incredibly powerful but also very subtle,” was inspired during a hike to the top of Table Mountain and a lightning storm on the way back.

Davis said she’s motivated to learn what she can to help people because it’s her duty as a scientist.

“We scientists who care about the issues have an obligation,” she said. She described it with the Hebrew phrase “tikkun olam,” which refers to humanity’s responsibility to repair the world.

“It’s not up to you to finish the job, but you must begin it,” she said.

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Preventing avoidable deaths “The way coal is burned in many countries contributes to premature death,” she said. “Can you burn coal in a safer way? Yes, but there aren’t incentives to do it.

“If the current rate of fossil fuel use were to continue to 2020, there will be 8 million avoidable deaths throughout the world,” she said.

These were her findings after five years of work with the group.

“No one had ever calculated that,” she said, “because it’s assumed, like in Donora, that that’s the price of progress, that there’s nothing you can do to change it.”

Davis’ most recent book, “Disconnect,” published in 2010, explores the evidence pointing toward an increased likelihood of brain cancer in people who frequently use cellphones.

In the book she discusses flaws in previous research and in the regulations that resulted from it. For instance, studies showing cellphones don’t cause brain cancer were conducted while holding the phone as far as an inch from the user’s ear. Later studies showed that even that small distance might be important in preventing brain cancer.

The solution is easy, Davis said: Using an earpiece or the phone’s speaker removes the phone far enough from

From left to right: Leyla Martinez, Silena Wheeldon, Susan Grant, Jamie Caulkins, Tracey Carey, Maggie Ordonez Rojas, Susie Baldock, Pat Nyre, Donna Ryan, Rosie Winkel, Mish Draves, Stacey Johnson, Stephanie Gonzalez

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he front line of any bank is the teller, handling all your deposits, withdrawals and other immediate banking needs. We at Bank of Jackson Hole think our tellers do much more than that, as their smiles and gracious customer service is bar none the best in the Valley.

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22 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

GROWTH OF WYOMING WOMEN-OWNED FIRMS 1997

2002

2007

2013*

% CHANGE

Number of firms

11,148

12,945

15,610

17,300

55.2

Employment

11,296

NA

14,001

15,000

32.8

$944,747

$1,129,837

$2,091,402

$2,533,100

168.1

Number of firms

5,417,034

6,489,483

7,793,139

8,617,200

59.1

Employment

7,076,081

7,146,229

7,579,876

7,754,600

9.6

$818,669,084

$940,774,986

$1,202,115,758

$1,335,095,100

63.1

WYOMING

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Sales ($000) UNITED STATES

Sales ($000)

KATHRYN HOLLOWAY / NEWS&GUIDE

Source: AMERICAN EXPRESS OPEN

EQUAL

Continued from 3

the Equality State has always been to point to Wyoming’s well-paying mining and energy jobs to explain the discrepancy between what men and women earn.

But University of Wyoming Gender and Women’s Studies professor Catherine Connelly said that doesn’t explain the systemic inequality that characterizes how Wyoming businesses and governments pay their employees.

Connelly says comparatively few Wyoming men actually have those cushy six-figure oil and gas jobs, and even fewer women. In 2012 the Department of Workforce Services reported nearly 30,000 men working in natural resources and mining. Just over 4,000 Wyoming women held jobs in those industries. The men earned on average $66,525 last year; the women made $44,982.

At the same time, 25,500 men in the state reported working in construction, another 18,000 in transportation, 17,500 in hospitality and 16,600 in retail.

So energy-based salaries do not skew the state’s wage gap as much as the state’s low salaries in other professions do, Connelly said. For example, Wyoming nurses, teachers and social workers are paid less

than their peers in other states.

The 22,000 women working in Wyoming’s schools earned on average slightly more than $32,000 last year; the 10,400 men working in education jobs earned a bit more than $42,000 each.

“Of course women can be miners and women can be kindergarten teachers,” Connelly said. “But [Wyoming] jobs that are typically held by men pay at or above the national wage, and [Wyoming] jobs that are held by women pay below the national wage.”

Continuing to fall back on conventional wisdom, she said, will only leave Wyoming at the bottom of the country when it comes to pay equity.

“We can’t keep doing more of the same,” Connelly said. “More of the same is going to perpetuate the wage gap.”

And Connelly said Jackson employers can’t sit back and gloat about Teton County’s relatively small wage gap. In general Teton County residents work in lowerpaying industries where male and female workers make about the same.

For example, the average man’s wage in Teton County was $33,798 in 2012, and Teton County women earned on average $27,553.

See pay gap on 23

From the Ladies at the Bank, to the Ladies of the Valley... here’s to YOU. We’re proud to live in Wyoming, the first state to give women the right to vote and the first state to elect a female governor. We’re proud to live in an era when women have more influence and make more financial decisions than they ever have in history.

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JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 23

WYOMING’S GENDER GAP BY INDUSTRY (2012) INDUSTRY

NUMBER OF WOMEN

AVERAGE ANNUAL WAGE FOR WOMEN

NUMBER OF MEN

AVERAGE ANNUAL WAGE FOR MEN

Natural Resources & Mining

4,193

$44,982

29,962

$66,525

Construction

3,344

$24,484

25,509

$31,707

Manufacturing

2,518

$26,535

9,003

$51,269

Wholesale Trade, Transportation & Utilities

4,883

$30,966

18,286

$52,872

Retail

19,354

$16,660

16,656

$26,154

Information

2,257

$25,699

2,478

$43,047

Financial

7,252

$31,538

4,325

$57,187

Professional & Business Services

9,454

$24,945

12,633

$39,461

Education

22,059

$32,394

10,444

$42,141

Health Care

27,583

$30,634

6,278

$64,973

Hospitality

22,608

$10,897

17,500

$14,067

Public Administration

11,007

$35,192

13,170

$43,516

Source: WYOMING DEPARTMENT OF WORKFORCE SERVICES

PAY GAP

Continued from 22

In Campbell County, men earned $57,898 a year, and women made $30,251 a year. Teton County men’s pay ranks No. 19 in the state; women’s pay ranks No. 5.

The gender studies professor said Teton County’s economy is skewed by the number of residents who don’t go to an office every day but instead live off of trust funds and retirement accounts.

“You have an awful lot of people who don’t work for a living,” Connelly said.

Reason for optimism In spite of, or perhaps because of, the gender pay gap, Wyoming women increasingly are launching their own businesses.

In 1997 women owned 11,148 businesses in the state, according to an annual study by American Express OPEN. This year that number is expected to jump 55 percent to 17,300. Those companies employ

KATHRYN HOLLOWAY / NEWS&GUIDE

15,000 residents and are projected to make $2.5 billion in sales this year, a spike of 168 percent over 1997.

State Rep. Ruth Ann Petroff launched her Domino’s Pizza franchise in Jackson in 1988. In Texas, where Petroff ran her first Domino’s, she had to hire an attorney and an accountant just to get started.

In Wyoming paying the attorney and accountant was less expensive, and town and county staff were focused on customer service, she said.

“It just seemed easier,” she said.

For her latest business venture — Snake River Roasting — Petroff asked the Wyoming Business Council for help. Staffers in Cheyenne did free market research about pricing and trends in the coffee roasting world.

“They came back with all sorts of relevant research at no charge,” Petroff said.

“In Wyoming one of our biggest priorities is to diversify our economy,” she said. “We try in every way to be a business-friendly state.”

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Engine Occupants; Driver’s seat: Brenda Sherwin Passenger: Janet Palermo Front of Engine; Left to right: Debbie Meagher, Coralia Robinson, Louise Gignoux, Mary Cernicek,Kathy Clay, Russchelle Jones, Mary Kamstra, Shannon Burns Standing at Pump Panel; Left to right: Lizzie Watson, Marilynn Davis, Lisa Potzernitz, Riclyn Betsinger 263188

24 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

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262377

JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 25

BRADLY J. BONER/Jackson Hole news&guidE

Earth science and AP environmental science teacher Laura Craeger-Markman says there are just as many girls as boys, maybe more, enrolled in advanced science classes at Jackson Hole High School.

Going to the head of the science class

Valley bucks national trend of female math and science teachers being outnumbered.

By Richard Anderson

T

he good news is that the trend does not appear to hold in Teton County.

An article in the Oct. 3 New York Times Magazine poses the question bluntly: “Why are there still so few women in science?”

In September, National Public Radio aired two stories on sexism in the technology industry, a story it has been following for years.

The upshot of the media coverage was that women still are underrepresented in the STEM fields — that’s science, technology, engineering and math — at least in part because they still are underrepresented at the front of high school and college classrooms.

Lacking female role models, many girls and young women don’t feel welcome, even if they show aptitude and interest.

“Only one-fifth of physics Ph.D.s in this country are awarded to women,” Eileen Pollack wrote in The New York Times Magazine, “and only about half of those women are American; of all the physics professors in the United States, only 14 percent are women.”

The disparity is even starker in tech industries. NPR reported that in 2010, “the Silicon Valley Index found that just 3 percent of venture-backed companies were all-female teams, compared with 89 percent all-male teams.

The trend extends to the high school level and even to younger ages. Adria Richards, a rare woman tech developer, told NPR that girls hear three messages before they get interested in computers: “One, you wouldn’t be interested in this. Two, you wouldn’t be good at this.

And three, you don’t belong here.

“If we can reach them before these messages, then I think their chance of embracing technology and staying in it is much higher,” she said.

But that isn’t the case here. At Jack-

MALE AND FEMALE TEACHERS IN TETON COUNTY SCHOOL DISTRICT Elementary

MALE

FEMALE

AVERAGE SALARY

15.40

96.89

$64,674.27

Middle school 15.30

23.59

$65,696.53

High school

25.70

30.89

$66,627.15

MALE

FEMALE

AVERAGE SALARY

Language Arts

5.00

10.00

$67,862.92

Mathematics

4.00

8.00

$68,370.08

Science

4.00

7.00

$65,339.27

Social Studies

8.00

2.00

$69,284.80

Physical Education and Health

4.00

2.00

$72,491.17

Foreign Language

1.00

6.29

$64,889.15

Fine and Performing Arts 4.00

4.38

$62,087.24

Vocational Education

5.00

1.71

$63,383.33

Special Populations

1.00

3.60

$63,764.48

Special Education

4.00

9.50

$62,965.44

Other

1.00

0.00

$78,471.46

Source: WYOMING DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION KATHRYN HOLLOWAY / NEWS&GUIDE

son Hole High School, four out of nine science teachers are female, and four out of eight math teachers are women.

Six of the eight female science and math teachers teach advanced or AP classes.

The same parity exists at the valley’s private schools — the Teton Science Schools and the Jackson Hole Community School — though their faculties are much smaller.

Teton County School District administrators say they do nothing to manipulate the male-to-female ratio in science and math classes.

“Principals … are always looking for highly qualified teachers, whether they are male or female,” said Michelle Doyle, administrative assistant in the Teton County School District’s superintendant’s office. “I can’t think of any instance where we’d hire a male over a female.”

Jackson Hole High School Principal

Scott Crisp follows the same practice.

“We just hire the best person,” he said. “We do have a history of excellent female math teachers,” but there’s no intentional effort made to hire one gender or the other.

Generational differences The male-female ratio hasn’t always been even, however. Julie Hoklin has taught math in the district for 26 years, she said in an email exchange, first at the middle school and now at the high school, where she teaches algebra, including advanced and college prep algebra.

When Hoklin moved to the high school, she said, “I was the only female in the math and science departments combined!”

Younger teachers at the high school, however, didn’t have that lonely experience in their science classes. Successive generations show gradual improvement in the balance of men and women teachers and students in their classes.

Susan Cobb teaches trigonometry and calculus at Jackson Hole High School. She’s been in Teton County for just one year but spent 12 years teaching at a high school outside Reno, Nev. In high school she had one female math teacher she considered a role model — “but more because she was my coach,” she said — and one woman teacher in college she really liked. As Cobb advanced to higher levels of math classes in college, she found herself more in the minority.

“But I don’t think it made a difference,” the Montana native said. “I didn’t think about it. I grew up with three brothers.”

Laura Creager-Markman, 29, teaches earth science and AP environmental science at Jackson Hole. Creager-Markman got her undergraduate degree at Stanford, where she never felt she was in the minority or didn’t belong.

At Jackson Hole High, she said, there are just as many girls enrolled in advanced science classes as boys, maybe even more.

The one place where girls lag, she said, is engineering: “That was definitely true in classes in college,” she said, “but I think that, with the [digital fab-

rication lab] … we’re getting more girls interested … we’re doing a good job of catching up.”

She credited the lab’s female coordinator, Sammie Smith, who has done much to “destigmatize” engineering for girls.

Cobb, too, mentioned engineering, saying the fab lab was created as part of a “big push” to attract girls to “certain STEM fields where females are underrepresented.

“Women have made a lot of gains in certain scientific disciplines,” she said, “but they tend to be more touchy-feely science fields” such as biology and other life sciences.

“That was fairly balanced,” she said of the male-female ratio of classes in those sciences. “But when you look at my science cohorts, at physics teachers, there are no females studying to be physics teachers.”

High school closing the gap The next generation of Jackson Hole High School graduates seems on track to close the gender gap even more, although part of that is because Teton County School District requires every student to take four years of science and four years of math.

“Our requirements create an equal environment,” Crisp said. “A lot of kids go above those requirements. We know a lot of female students go beyond, continue on in science, take advanced classes.”

A lot has been made of how the United States is falling behind other industrial nations in science, math, engineering and technology.

“Last year,” Pollack wrote in The New York Times Magazine, “the President’s Council of Advisers on Science and Technology issued an urgent plea for substantial reform if we are to meet the demand for one million more STEM professionals than the United States is currently on track to produce in the next decade.”

It will be easier to find those million professionals, teachers say, if we can pull from the entire population of graduating students rather than only the male half.

26 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

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Kate Mead, who knows torts and beef, deals with one of the “retired” horses at her family’s cattle ranch in Spring Gulch

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fter a morning in the courtroom, Kate Mead put on her cowboy boots and got to work.

The reigning matriarch of the Mead Ranch on Spring Gulch Road had to get some calves ready for an early-morning branding on Oct. 4.

So the day before she corralled the horses, strapped on some saddles and headed out on a mini cattle drive.

“It’s always something on a ranch,” she said.

Mead, along with her husband Brad, whose great-grandfather homesteaded in Jackson Hole more than a century ago, run Mead Ranch Natural Beef.

Mead Ranch Natural Beef started in 2002 after the family had to reduce its herd dramatically because of lost leases in Grand Teton National Park.

It was Mead’s idea to launch the boutique meat business. She thought the family could sell its beef in Jackson to make a little more profit on its cattle.

It took some convincing because it’s hard to make changes in ranch families, she said, but the business took off. Snake River Grill was the first to pick up the Meads’ burgers, and now it’s hard for the ranch to stop selling its beef even though the price of cattle has skyrocketed.

Mead sells the meat at the Jackson

Hole Farmers Market on Town Square as well as to several other restaurants that pride themselves on serving a locally raised burger.

“The community really likes it,” Mead said. “We like it.”

There’s a shortage of cattle on the hoof because so many people had to sell out during the droughts over the past several years, she said.

“There are not enough cattle in supply across the country,” Mead said.

“It’s the lowest it’s been since 1950.”

The Mead ranch had 350 calves this year and sold 250 of them this fall. The other 100 will stay to be a part of the beef operation.

“Interestingly enough, most ranchers get one paycheck a year when they sell their calves,” she said. “By doing the natural beef business, we’re constantly bringing in some revenue.”

The ranch sells about 70,000 pounds of beef each year, she said.

Kate and Brad Mead also are part owners in Wyoming Whiskey. Brad Mead is a trustee for the University of Wyoming and a Jackson Hole News&Guide columnist. Gov. Matt Mead is her brother-in-law.

On-the-job training Kate Mead is one in a long line of strong women ranchers, but she wasn’t really trained for the job.

Mead grew up in Vermont riding and jumping horses, but she didn’t really dig into the Western practices of rodeoing and ranching.

The Meads moved to the Teton County ranch with their two boys See RANCHING on 27

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RANCHING Continued from 26

in 1993 after eight years living and working in Phoenix.

Her mother-in-law, Mary, helped get her settled on the cattle farm.

“She taught me about ranch life and ranch work,” Mead said. “She was really great to me, a rancher’s rancher.”

These days Mead often works on the ranch with her niece, Krista Struhsacker.

A lawyer on the range Mead rode on her older horse, Judge, to the north side of the ranch for the cattle drive.

“He’s the only judge I’ve been able to boss around,” the attorney said.

Modern-day ranchers don’t usually ride to manage their herds, but the Meads do.

“A lot of people don’t really use horses much on ranches. They use motorcycles and four-wheelers,” she said. But, “if you’re going to have horses you might as well use them.”

The ranch has a number of equine “retirees,” as Mead likes to call them.

“We’re really a soft touch,” she said.

“If they do work for us and they’re good at it, they stay here until they’re feet up. Half of our horses are retirees. You don’t pay a horse so you keep them in retirement.”

That ethical treatment philosophy extends to Mead’s cattle. Mead read some of animal science expert Temple Grandin’s research about livestock behavior and tries to use that in her operation. Cows are herd animals and like to stay together, so she usually takes them out in groups during different chores so they don’t get nervous.

In search of quality Several years ago, when the price of grain feed was getting costly, the

Meads started a relationship with Snake River Brewery at the urging of their veteran ranch hand, Olaf. The pub gives the ranch its spent grain for food and the Meads supply beef for the pub’s burgers.

“Their problem is disposing of all those spent grains,” Mead said. “It’s worked really well. We pick it up every single day and feed it to the fat steers.”

That relationship made it possible for Mead to continue running the beef business, she said.

The ranch also has a similar deal for spent grains with the Q Roadhouse brewery. The Meads supply beef to Fine Dining Group restaurants as well as to Pearl Street Market, Mangy Moose and Calico.

While grass-fed beef would be easier and cheaper, it takes longer to get the steers fat and it’s not quite what consumers want, she said.

“The fat on grass fed beef is very much like the fat on elk,” she said.

“It’s yellowish. It’s the grains that turn it white. Most Americans are not OK with yellow fat. Maybe in the future they will be and maybe we can just grass feed them, but I think it’s a little ways off.”

Mead uses a slaughterhouse in Tetonia, Idaho, to prepare the beef.

It’s dry-aged for 21 days, which really makes a difference in the flavor, Mead said.

“No two cows are alike, just like no two people,” she said. “It’s a very, very consistent product if all your beef is hung for the same amount of time.”

Mead goes so far as having her rib eye run through an ultrasound.

“We try to buy the best bulls to have good quality meat,” Mead said.

“If they have a good, big rib eye [that’s what we want] because that’s how the beef is rated, based on the rib eye.”

When some of the meat gets too See BEEF on 35

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28 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

Building better

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gear for her

Makers of ski boots and other sports equipment are tailoring products to women.

By Miller Resor

J

ackson native Jess McMillan will appear in her third Warren Miller ski movie this year.

She has won five international freeskiing competitions and has been on the podium of countless others.

And to this day McMillan skis in men’s skis and ski boots because they provide the support she needs to ski the way she does. Still she has always struggled to find a perfect boot fit.

But now the boot industry is evolving, developing gear to match a female physique.

“I think it is great, and they are making huge breakthroughs,” McMillan said. “Women’s skis are almost exactly like men’s with different graphics and maybe one sheet less of metal.

I am seeing the most innovation in ski boots currently.”

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For example, one of McMillan’s sponsors, Scott Sports, is offering an new type of boot for women called the Scott Celeste. It is modeled after the company’s Cosmos, a men’s boot designed for lightweight backcountry performance.

“Women are getting more and more involved in backcountry skiLots of times, changes in life also affect your ing,” said Topher Plimpton, a Scott Sports marketing representative. investments. That’s why there’s never been a “It’s important to have products that cater to them.” better time to schedule your free portfolio review.

Scott bought Garmont, a leading We’ll talk about the changes in your life and help manufacturer of backcountry ski boots in 2012. you decide whether it makes sense to revise your “Manufacturers as a whole see the investments because of them. women’s market as a growing opportunity,” Plimpton said, “but there is a Lots of times, changes in life also affect your fine line because some hard-charging A portfolio review will investments. help ensure women still That’s why there’s never been a want to be in the men’s line. Just slapping some flowers on a of times, changes life also affect your yourLots investments arein keeping better timepace to schedule your free portfolio review.

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product doesn’t cut it.”

Crystal Wright, another homegrown Jackson ski heroine, has also skied on men’s skis and boots her entire career. She has raced for the U.S. Ski Team, competed in international freeskiing contests and now owns and operates Wright Training.

Wright always considered the topof-the-line boots unisex, differentiated only by the amount of flex. Still, she agrees there are more boots for women these days.

“The women’s stuff is a little too soft for me,” she said. “But that is kind of the point. Women’s ski boots are more comfortable and have more flex.”

Skinny Skis co-owner Phil Leeds says women’s sporting equipment has transformed in the past 40 years.

In the ’70s, Leeds said, ski equipment was mostly unisex. But by the early to mid-’80s, manufacturers were starting to put out products specifically for women.

“One manufacturer at a time would put out something targeting women,” Leeds said. “Now it is totally there in every aspect of sports.”

He cited backpacks, sleeping bags and athletic shoes as other products that are made with a woman’s body in mind.

“With shoes, women are much more concerned with functionality, appearance, fit and even fitting a shoe to a particular sport,” he said. “Men are more likely to buy a single shoe and use it for all sports.”

Backcountry ski boots are the final frontier, Leeds said.

“I’ve definitely seen women’s product sales go up as brands target women,” he said. “There are more women skiing now because of equipment targeted to them.”

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JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 29

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Colleen Batty Davis flashes a smile after hitting a target with a semi-automatic rifle at the Jackson Hole Gun Club in 2011. Jackson Hole Shooting Experience will offer .

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T

his winter Lynn Sherwood will invite the women of Jackson Hole to take a shot at reducing the testosterone in the atmosphere where she works.

And when Sherwood says “take a shot,” she’s not kidding. She’s one of the owners of Jackson Hole Shooting Experience, where her passion is helping women and youth learn their way around guns and bows.

This winter and again in the spring, Sherwood said, the Shooting Experience will feature a class series focused specifically on women.

“It’s a really encouraging environment to be in,” she said. “We foster that environment where it’s emotionally safe and safe in a practical sense as well.”

The Shooting Experience’s classes are among many opportunities in the valley for women, especially beginners, to learn new skills in arenas where the cultural stamp is primarily made by men. They range from women-only camps at Jackson Hole Mountain Resort to reduced-rate Ladies’ Night at Enclosure Climbing Gym. Sherwood and others who facilitate women-only training opportunities said that being able to focus on the skills, not on the stereotypes, can be the deciding factor between trying something new and taking a pass.

“We live in Jackson, where a lot of the women are very self-empowered, but Women Build days are the only

time that the majority of the people on the build site are women,” said Veronica Mulhall, volunteer coordinator for Habitat For Humanity of the Greater Teton Area.

Mulhall is responsible for the ways Jackson’s office observes international Women Build Week, a period when the housing nonprofit sets aside time to encourage women to volunteer on its job sites.

Habitat doesn’t require people who want to volunteer at its housing projects to have construction experience, but it does require them to do construction work, from using circular saws to hammering nails to assembling walls.

“Nothing against the guys, but it can be intimidating,” Mulhall said, “and working with the idea that women can’t do construction can be intimidating. We try to create a safe space where everyone can have fun and maybe feel a little more comfortable picking up that tool they’ve never seen, or asking the stupid question.”

Even in skiing, which draws both sexes to Jackson Hole, things can be easier when no boys are allowed.

That understanding led Jackson Hole Mountain Resort to form and expand Elevate, a ski camp for women.

“We are really trying to grow women in the ski world,” resort spokeswoman Anna Cole said. “To be able to do that without your husband and without your family can be great, and losing that intimidation factor really makes it easier to learn and make progress.”

Cole participated in Elevate last year, the first-time instructors included female pro skiers such as Jess See SKILLS on 35

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30 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

WE ARE HERE WHEN YOU NEED A LIFT! Left to Right: Bella Michel, Liana Moskowitz, Laurie Coe, Laura Kelly Hedges, Sharel Love, Shannon Nichols, Carol Bowers.

WYOMING AVALANCHE FATALITIES BY GENDER 100

80

60

40

20

Female

Male

Source: BRIDGER-TETON NATIONAL FOREST AVALANCHE CENTER

KATHRYN HOLLOWAY / NEWS&GUIDE

Avalanche

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Arriving Soon

Men outnumber women in backcountry skiing and also in deaths in snow slides.

By Miller Resor

I

n the spring of 2008 I was backcountry skiing with two friends in Grand Teton National Park.

Stepping out of our snow cave on a bluebird morning, we scoped the mountains and eagerly discussed where we would ski that day.

Manu Roldan and I drooled over the curvy white line dropping from the Southwest Hour Glass couloir off of Nez Perce. It’s visual perfection.

Anno Davis, Manu’s girlfriend, chimed in that the area we were talking about was at the exact elevation that had high avalanche risk.

Roldan and I listened but were not dissuaded.

We decided to skin up to the bottom and take a closer look, but once we were there the snow only made the couloir more irresistible.

In my memory, Davis again raised valid questions, but again that didn’t stop us.

As we reached the first crest in the couloir, Roldan triggered an avalanche. As I rolled to safety, I saw the white mass behind me envelope Davis.

The Bridger-Teton Avalanche Center has collected avalanche fatality data since 1913. In that time only six women have died in avalanches. Anno Davis is not among them.

But more than 80 men have died in avalanches. The majority were snowmobilers and backcountry skiers.

Only two women died in avalanches in Wyoming before the end of the

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century, but the disparity remains. In the past 13 years four women have died in avalanches. In that time 42 men have been swept to their deaths.

There is no data for how many women have been involved in avalanches that didn’t result in death, but the deaths alone show how much less likely it is for a woman to be caught in an avalanche than a man.

Why the enormous discrepancy?

Are there simply more men putting themselves in harm’s way, or are women better at avoiding the danger?

According to Snow Sports Industries America, sales to men greatly outnumber sales to women. In 2012 the ski industry sold $16.6 million of randonee and AT ski equipment to men and only $1.1 million to women.

That’s by far the biggest relative gap in equipment sales, and it shows who is headed to the backcountry.

Professional skier Crystal Wright, who because of her skill has often found herself skiing with men, thinks women are more cautious.

“I remember once going against my instincts and following a group of guys into the backcountry,” Wright said. “I’ll never do that again.”

Wright figures some men are willing to take bigger risks than she is, which she says is their choice.

For Davis and Roldan, now married and living in Argentina, the experience in Grand Teton National Park has never faded.

“She’s always the voice of reason,” he said. “She keeps us alive out there.”

Roldan said he and Davis balance each other when they head into the backcountry.

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J

ackson Hole Women’s Hockey veteran Kathleen Roe remembers when her teammates practiced with magazines to guard their shins and pillows for their hips.

Women’s hockey gear in those days — the late 1980s — was hard to find.

“It would just look like Halloween because they were dressed in these ridiculous outfits, trying to keep themselves padded,” Roe said.

Times have changed.

If anyone thinks hockey isn’t a sport

for the fairer sex, the Jackson Hole Women’s Hockey team has been actively proving them wrong for more than 30 years.

Since 1980 female hockey players have been hitting the ice every winter.

What once was a ragtag group has become four squads divided by skill level, including a new novice team.

The teams include beginners and women who have played Division I college hockey.

Nina Resor, after four years, is on the A squad, the Teton Passers. She likes the camaraderie.

“The women are really great,” Resor said. “There are these amazing athletes in this town, and some of them

32 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

CELEBRATING THE WOMEN (AND MEN)

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Please call for details.

BRADLY J. BONER/Jackson news&guide

Vanessa Flory operates her floral design company, Fleur de V, in a space across from the Snake River Brewery. One her specialities is styling entire events.

“My goal is to create a party that no one wants to leave,” she said.

Florists let

creativity bloom Women in the flower design business say their work is an outlet for their artistic side.

THE BODY SAGE SpA

By Johanna Love 263456

at the Rusty Parrot Lodge

307-733-4455 • www.bodysage.com

O

wning a flower shop requires long hours, creativity and some heavy lifting.

Most of the florist shops in the valley are owned by women, each of whom has carved out her own niche

in the widely varied landscape of the bloom business.

Fleur de V owner Vanessa Flory specializes in designing centerpieces and styling whole events, down to creating sheepskin-covered hay bales for a barn wedding or making simple, homegrown bouquets for a casual outdoor affair.

“My goal is to create a party that no one wants to leave,” Flory said earlier this month in her industrial-style Milward Street Studios shop, surrounded by a seasonally appropriate array of See FLORISTS on 33

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JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 33

florists

Continued from 32

pumpkins and skulls.

A display of small succulents was artfully arranged with deer antlers on a silver platter, and other tools of the trade filled racks nearby: footed terra-cotta bowls, glass vases, silver candlesticks, ornate bird cages and basic brown bottles.

“I get to know clients really well,” she said, “and I try to create something unique.”

Flory doesn’t keep live inventory on hand for walk-ins; all her work is custom.

If a client wants something as simple as a trio of arrangements for a dinner party, she needs about 48 hours’ notice to order what she requires to create them. She works with small farms in the region and a wholesaler from San Francisco.

For a large wedding, as many as three or four huge crates of flowers will arrive in her shop.

“It’s beautiful work, but also really physical,” Flory said. “There’s a lot of schlepping.”

In south Jackson, Jean Johnson

has owned Briar Rose for almost 12 years. She bought it several years after selling the Huckleberry Patch, a craft and gift store she owned for 16 years.

Between operating her own two shops she worked for another florist and learned the ins and outs of the business.

Johnson figures she runs the only flower shop in town that specializes in dried and silk flower arrangements as well as live ones. She also sells women’s clothing, gourmet popcorn and chocolates, and country-style decor items.

“I try to be creative in using – Vanessa Flory my space,” Johnowner, fleur de v son said. “I’m an everyday shop, so people can call up and get anything. We do funerals and weddings and whatever anybody is needing.”

Johnson even rents tuxedoes, sells plants and creates gift baskets.

A mother of four sons, Johnson said she embraces the opportunity to work in a feminine business “I think women are more in touch with our creativity,” she said.

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“It’s beautiful work, but also really physical.

There’s a lot of schlepping.”

ON ICE

Continued from 31

are just starting hockey, but they have such great attitudes and have fun even though they’re just beginners.”

Roe is the team’s veteran, playing since 1987. She said the team was less organized and competitive in those early days. The team would play two teams almost exclusively then — a women’s team from Sun Valley, Idaho, and a men’s team from Pinedale. A match in March 1988 was a turning point — the first time Jackson ever beat Sun Valley, a momentous occasion, Roe recalled.

The team practiced and played on an outdoor rink at the rodeo grounds in Wilson, and competitors sometimes didn’t want to play games there because of the cold.

As time went on more teams started competing against the Jackson Hole women, including the women’s team from Colorado College, which actually enjoyed playing on the outdoor rink. Roe said there was great rapport between the teams, and they would often host bonfires and cookouts after the games.

“It was a really fun, festive atmosphere out there in Wilson,” Roe said.

Roe said her attraction to the sport started early. She was the only girl in a family with three boys, and played street and pond hockey with her brothers. When a girls’ hockey team formed nearby, her mother didn’t want her to play because she would lose her teeth, “and then the boys wouldn’t like you.”

While the women’s games may not include the all-out, bare-knuckle brawls that occur in the NHL, Roe said they are aggressive on the ice in a good-natured way.

“We are very physical, and it can get pretty rough sometimes,” Roe said. “We don’t check, but there have been a few little skirmishes on the ice. We always keep it on the ice.”

Last year Emily Brienzo was brought on to coach the team. Brienzo has been playing hockey since she was 5 and played Division III hockey at the University of Massachusetts at Boston. .

“All the women show a lot of enthusiasm and a lot of potential,” Brienzo said. “They all love the game, so they just want to learn. They all want to be there all the time.”

Brienzo said one of the main benefits is friendship with teammates.

“I moved here and I didn’t know anybody, and now I have this entire network of women,” Brienzo said.

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34 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

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omen who can’t negotiate the salary increases they’ve legitimately earned can lose a million dollars over the course of their careers.

But, by simply asking for more money, women can close the wage gap.

This year’s speaker at Womentum’s annual Women in Leadership Luncheon on Nov. 1 is Sara Laschever.

Laschever is the author, with Linda Babcock, of “Women Don’t Ask: The High Cost of Avoiding Negotiation — and Positive Strategies for Change and Ask for It! How Women Can Use the Power of Negotiation to Get What They Really Want.”

During the luncheon Laschever will talk about the persistence of the wage gap, women and conflict resolution, balancing work and life, and the many factors that influence women’s career success, a Womentum press release said.

Afterwards she will hold a negotiation skills workshop.

“I’m looking forward to discussing the importance of negotiating for themselves with women in Wyoming, the state with the largest gender wage gap in the nation,” Laschever said. “I hope my presentation and negotiation workshop will help women in Jackson ask for and get what they deserve.”

Nationwide, women earn on average 73 cents for every dollar earned by a man. Wyoming women earn 67 cents for every dollar a Wyoming man makes.

In Teton County the wage gap is smaller, but it still persists.

Laschever is an author, editor and cultural critic who has written extensively about women in academia, women in business, women in literature and the arts, and women in the sciences.

Her work has been published by The New York Times, The New York Review of Books, The Harvard Business Review, Vogue, Glamour and WomensBiz. Laschever was on the organization’s wish list for the luncheon speaker this year, Womentum’s Melissa Turley said.

Womentum, a project of the Equipoise Fund, has used “Women Don’t Ask” for many years, she said.

The event will help women develop strategies in their personal and professional lives, said Turley, who also is a county commissioner.

COURTESY PHOTO

Co-author of “Women Don’t Ask” Sara Laschever is the featured speaker at Womentum’s annual Women in Leadership Luncheon on Nov. 1.

“For a long time we have used this book as a reference in our organization,” she said. “Our board members have read it. Our mentees and mentors in the Womentoring program have read it.”

Women are much more likely to take what they are offered than a higher salary, Turley said.

And when women aren’t being paid what they deserve and aren’t comfortable asking and negotiating, they are perceived as being worth less, she said.

That deficit can hurt women as they move on to other jobs where salary is already lagging.

New employers might value a woman less if they see that she is not being paid as much as other applicants, Turley said.

Turley said the book taught her to ask for what she wants and to promote her successes.

“I’m usually hesitant to sing my own praises,” she said, “but remembering research [in the book] has helped me be able to do that.”

It also helped her to remember that negotiating comes into play not just in the workplace but also in the home when dividing household chores and parenting duties.

“Life is a series of small negotiations,” Turley said, “and if you don’t ask for what you want, you’re never going to get it.”

Turley said learning as a woman to ask for a raise is one way to change Wyoming’s gender wage gap.

“It’s a complex issue, but certainly one part that women can do is ask for what we are worth,” Turley said. “This is a really important first step.”

The luncheon is at noon on Nov. 1 at the Rendezvous Bistro. The cost is $30.

The negotiation workshop, which starts at 2 p.m. after the luncheon, costs $50.

Registration and tickets for both are available online at WomentumWyo.org.

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skills

Continued from 29

McMillan and Crystal Wright. Skiing with campers at her level, away from bro-brahs showing off and any pressure to prove that women can, in fact, shred, made for a much more relaxed experience, she said.

“For me it was just being in this environment where there are just no expectations of how you’re going to ski or where you are in your skills,” Cole said. “It was really fun, and having some of our extraordinary women skiers as our instructors makes it a really unique experience to Jackson Hole.”

The lack of expectations makes even more of a difference when you’re shooting a gun, Sherwood said.

No matter how much experience a woman has, Sherwood said, she starts out on a small-caliber gun and works up, eventually landing on the gun she’s comfortable with, rather than the one her husband thinks she should try.

“A lot of women learn because their husband or brothers take them out

BEEF

Continued from 27

old and Mead doesn’t feel like she can sell it, it goes into her refrigerator for family dinners.

“We love skirt steak,” she said. “I call it the bacon of the beef.”

One of her favorite dishes is Julia Child’s recipe for beef bourguignon.

Brad Mead said his wife has become as much a ranch woman as a person born to it.

“Kate’s a good rancher because, like many women in agriculture she’s good at multi-tasking,” he said.

“On any given day she may have to manage cows or people or bankers,” he said. “She can pull a calf in the afternoon and host a dinner party in the evening. She likes — and gets — a different job every day.”

Kate Mead plans to expand her

JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013 - 35 and try them on their gun,” Sherwood said, “and a lot of times that’s not the best one to learn with. Or they end up feeling like they have something to prove when they haven’t mastered the fundamentals.

“In those cases, of course women are going to feel frustrated, because they just aren’t going to hit the target that well.”

The idea for Sherwood and others is to increase the number of women with skills they didn’t have before, and all of them use the word “empowering.”

Mulhall, for example, said her experience on Habitat job sites meant she felt comfortable finding studs and using a level to hang pictures in her new house.

Sherwood said her female students walk out “with big smiles, their shoulders held back and their heads high.”

“It’s not like they’ll go out and create a situation to use a gun, but they know that’s one more tool they have now,” she said. “They know they can, if they have to, and that’s a really empowering thing.”

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ranching business to the pet business by selling cow bones as dog treats.

She’s been selling the hip bones and shanks to Teton Tails.

“There are all kinds of crazy parts of cows that industrious people are using for dog treats, like the trachea,” she said. “I’m going to start working that end of things to try and use that waste stuff for doggie treats because people seem to want to spend a lot of money on their dogs.”

Horseback riding, the views and the beef are just a few of the many perks of living on a ranch and operating a cattle operation, Mead said.

At the same time, the cattle ranching business thickens the skin.

“One thing you learn about living on a ranch — the division between life and death is closer,” Mead said.

Ranchers learn to be tough.

“You have to be,” she said.

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36 - JACKSON HOLE WOMAN, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, October 16, 2013

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Art AssociAtion mArks 50th with mAsked revel. see stepping out.

Feds defend plan to drop gray wolf protection. PaGE 7 Study: World not ready for aging population. PaGE 18 Cubs fire manager Dale Sveum after 2 seasons. PaGE 28

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Tuesday October 1, 2013 Volume 36 Issue 235

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EE

FR

Jackson, Wyoming

Wednesday, October 2, 2013

One dollar

Showdown shutters parks Park visitors, Jackson’s tourist economy feel bite of federal gridlock.

By Mike Koshmrl Not all visitors denied access to Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks on Tuesday took the closure well.

Some were surprised. Others felt let down by the federal government and were annoyed because of a vacation ruined. One person, apparently frustrated by the situation, left a pile of poop outside of a National Park Service building in Moran, Teton park officials confirmed.

Most people, however, were understanding.

Grand Teton ranger Rich Baerwald spent the morning redirecting motorists who were trying to access Teton Park Road through Moose.

“They throw their hands up and they just shrug,” Bauerwald said. “No one’s been rude to us.”

Congress and the White House deadlocked as the fiscal year ended Monday, failing to meet a midnight deadline to keep the U.S. government open for business. With funding temporarily pulled, most public access to Yellowstone and Grand Teton national parks was cut off early Tuesday morning.

There’s no saying when the closures — which sent nearly 500 Park Service workers in northwestern Wyoming home without pay — will end. The last time the U.S. government shut down during the winter of 1995 and 1996 federal offices were closed for 27 days.

The U.S. Department of Interior estimated that shutdown 17 years ago cost

BRADLY J. BONER / NEWS&GUIDE

Grand Teton National Park ranger Christine Palka informs Tim Boaler that the Teton Park Road is closed Tuesday morning due to the shutdown of the federal government. Boaler was driving a busload of 33 Europeans on a 17-day tour of several of America’s national parks before being halted at Grand Teton’s Moose Entrance Station.

communities around the national parks $14 million a day in lost hotel stays, restaurant meals and souvenirs. The National Park Conservation Association figures the number will be closer to $30 million a day this time around.

Late Tuesday the Republican-led House shot down a temporary funding agreement that would have restored appropriations to the District of Columbia, veterans affairs and the 401-unit National Park Service.

No sign of prowler

Teton County could feel the lingering effects of the shutdown for weeks or months. Some 97 percent of the county is public land, and the vast majority of that is federally owned, managed either See SHOWdOWN on 24A

Mosquito Creek body ID’d as New Yorker

n National

Shut it: ‘We’re at the brink’ WASHINGTON (AP) — A threatened government shutdown imminent, House GOP scaled back their demands to delay the nation’s health care law Monday night as the price for essential federal funding, but President Obama and Democrats rejected the proposals as quickly as they were made.

“We’re at the brink,” said Sen. Barbara Mikulski, D-Md. On a long day and night in the Capitol, the Senate torpedoed one Republican attempt to tie government financing to changes in “Obamacare.” House Republicans countered with a second despite unmistakable signs their unity was fraying — and Senate Democrats promptly rejected it, as well.

That left the next move up to Speaker John Boehner and his House Republican rank-andfile, with just two hours left before the shutdown deadline of midnight EDT. The stock market dropped on fears that political gridlock between the White House and the tea party-heavy GOP would prevail, though analysts said significant damage to the economy was unlikely unless a shutdown lasted more than a few days.

Still, a shutdown would send hundreds of thousands of workers home and inconvenience millions of people who rely on federal services or are drawn to the nation’s parks and other attractions (see page 3). Some critical parts of the government — from the military to air traffic controllers — would remain open.

As lawmakers squabbled, President Obama spoke bluntly about House Republicans. “You don’t get to extract a ransom for doing your job, for doing what See SHUt page 10

PRICE CHAMBERS/jACkSon HolE dAIly

Lynne Cox and Jessi Lundeen dance to the room-filling sound of the Jackson Hole Community Jazz Band at the inaugural TreeBall on Friday night at the National Museum of Wildlife Art. The black tie affair was a first for TreeFight, the local organization dedicated to protecting whitebark pine trees from destructive beetles and blister rust.

Group petitions for pot

By Michael PolhaMus jackson hole daily

A Jackson-based group has petitioned state lawmakers to include a marijuana legalization initiative on the 2016 ballot.

Christine Christian, director of the Wyoming chapter of the National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws (NORML), submitted an application to the secretary of state in Cheyenne on Monday afternoon.

If lawmakers place the issue on the ballot, it would be the first time Wyoming citizens could vote on legalizing marijuana.

“I think there’s a greater likelihood [of success] than people are projecting,” Christian said.

An online poll showed 96 percent of respondents in support of the bill, she said.

Legislators have two weeks to review the application and suggest changes. If lawmakers disagree with the petition’s intent, the bill’s promoters would need to collect 100 signatures within 19 days to overrule the legislature’s objections and file the petition. NORML has 35 sponsors signed on in anticipation of lawmakers’ discomfort with the bill, Christian said.

If the group meets that threshold, organizers then would have 18 months to collect registered voters’ signatures equal to 15 percent of those who voted in the 2012 general election and 15 percent of the population in two-thirds of Wyoming’s counties.

Former State Sen. Keith Goodenough, D-Casper, unsuccessfully introduced a bill in 2003 to legalize medical marijuana in the state.

“We’re seeing more and more across the

country that legislators are legalizing the medical [use],” Christian said. “There are many people here that want medical marijuana. There are many people here that want hemp. There are many people here that want to use it recreationally.”

The petition NORML filed Monday would legalize all three.

Another Wyoming nonprofit called Weed Wyoming announced Sunday that it will introduce an initiative to allow the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes alone.

“Although there is already an initiative in the pipeline for the 2016 ballot addressing marijuana law reform, its ‘whole ball of wax’ approach has no chance, as it is our experience that there is a lot of support for reform in our state, but the vast majority of that support is for medical See pot page 2

literally thousands of tips from the public and mild alarm in Jackson’s Latino community, what police know for sure about the man makes

a short list. the Arts in Jackson Hole He’s been seen three times, but none of his

By Emma Breysse

The trail of a man police believe molested sleeping women has gone cold roughly two months after his last crime.

Investigators believe the man was scared away from committing further break-ins due to the publicity surrounding the incidents, said Cpl. Andy Pearson of the Jackson Police Department.

“He hasn’t been out in quite a while, and he appears to be done,” Pearson said. “This case will never be off the plate. It may not be in the forefront, but we’ll never stop looking for him.”

The news that an unknown man assaulted at least three Jackson women between early July and early August set the town buzzing and police searching alleys and swabbing cheeks late at night. The Jackson Hole News&Guide went along with officers on two late-night patrols.

After two months of intensive investigation,

INSIde © 2013 Teton Media Works

2A 3A 7A

victims can provide a solid description of him. A composite sketch released to the public is based on a man that may or may not be the prowler. No one knows whether he knew his victims, or how he chose them if he didn’t.

Police aren’t even sure whether the man lives in Jackson Hole.

Police sketch Only once did the man leave anything behind, and police hope it proves the key to identifying him.

What they know

The prowler struck three times within a 30day span, all in the early morning hours.

The first time, a woman looked out the window to find a strange man looking back at her — See PROWLeR on 24A

Obamacare kicks in Celebrating the trees Race on for cell towers

Medical, dental records confirm what sheriff ’s deputies thought.

By Emma Breysse

The man found dead last month near Mosquito Creek has been identified as New Yorker James P. O’Brien, investigators announced Tuesday.

For weeks Teton County sheriff ’s deputies had been following up on the possibility that the dead man was O’Brien, a 66-year-old man from the Queens borough of New York City, but they did not confirm the theory until Tuesday, using medical and

12A Logging next-door 14A Alternative to orchestra 15A JHHS wins blue ribbon

dental records.

“The coroner is confident that he is sufficiently identified,” Teton County Undersheriff Bob Gilliam said. “He is the same man we have been looking at.”

A passer-by found O’Brien’s body Sept. 12 while walking his dogs in the Bridger-Teton National Forest south of Wilson.

The man stumbled across a human body in the trees about 2 miles down Mosquito Creek Road.

Investigators had O’Brien’s name roughly a week later, after several key factors found in an autopsy matched up.

After speaking with several members of O’Brien’s

magazine

ImagesWest Jackson Hole

Trail of man police believe molested three sleeping women has The gone cold.

Guide to

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SUMMER 2013

2013 Edition

See BOdY on 25A

16A Making whitewater 18A New JH retail zone 21A Attorney wants out

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