SLEAM e-LEARNING ELE Refresher With Vocab by jjonestemp

SLEAM e-LEARNING ELEMENTARY GRAMMAR refresher with VOCABULARY exercises

Present continuous and present simple (I am doing and I do) . . . Choose the correct fonn of the verbs.

Units 1-4, 19, 25

•

...,~

t-",..~~

~:~

Pur

(

It",,.,

'Il/'''''' It.,illl L J....ItMt • 1,.,.t ti"" hi" il'l EIlII.d. My ni,tNity tm" it,,', "."'i~ Imll', st.,t util th, .1tt.".II" I' IJJ /'",. t.ki3J I I tht 'l1~rtlHlit)' to ;"'11"" ",., E1tJlish. 141 1'",. tt.ri'lf I I JI.r 1'*1 Eltflitk [r;,ds 111M (.s ••,., 'IIIl1i&J I /-""4, Oil ""kl_,s 161 /,,,, I I 'd,1a • hili jilt, 1'1'4144' t'l/) t, 1."lu.J' d.SIII. (1) I'M ",di"ll J ",d, 1'" !"lNII, I thid. My fritll.I/IHl s., / .rt S4yi1lJ my fmul1ui.titl1t il ",nula bttt,r til.,. ""lin. I .rri"l, ul I'll /,,,,, H'l!~,rtt.di'lll I Hd,Nt."; d"',st ",,.,flai"l 'I'M'. At wuk,dt 101 I'M IlIlIi'll / I Itdl I,. tht i.rlft. At tht """"id 'III fh,,'n Mr,utisJ I thq ~ tilt ""II u.d 121 thO"" Il"li8J / tkrr 8tt' .tI tht Jul! thty ,u. Itt. It's fuil, h.,.I.,rk, but ,II, /,,,, Wei'll L' tilet it. A1l1 ,14 1'"", j,-,tI'/i1J.l / I ""'ell'''''' 11",,/ MUsclu! (I~I p, f'U '9Mt / AN f'u "Mi'IJ til ,isit "It d CkristM.I? (l6l s!Idi'IJ / !...1IlM. tkt wi",ttr lallli~.J latrt d tlat f.rM. My fritdl (171 4rt wuti'IJ / w.'" t, Mttt JIlU .d tlatrt's l't",tJ Ilf II.U. But J'N MNSt brill9 Jllur w.rMut cI,tktl. lISl Wi JdtillJ / It Jdl 'trJ "t~ latrt ill Olt widtr. Ltt "It h,w .1 1/l/l1t.J 191 "N'n ~tCi~i8J / J'II. ItCi~t. Ad ttU "It wla.t .1.0 f'II.'" l'i!J /,,11. I, tlam ~.JJ. p, J'II. Mili "It? h,t, P.1l1

'!I

,.a •

,.J"

.itt,

,.',MIJj'

""I

Choose words from the box and make sentences as shown. Use a I'erh lmd allY other II-!ords yOli need.

the present contwm)llS

.\1) 1,6) frienl.'l I My father My ::line' ~Iy elll:JJIlIll:fe9 1\ly famil)' Our reacher My boss None of my friends Several of my colleagues Our nexr door neighbour My besr friend My wife Our children

1 My boyfriend 'J ~~!.,I.~Y.i.na..~~.r..t!.i.,"..f).~"JNI:t1.~ .. this term. 2 My sister .!J.w.~.l1;!!')a..,"~..h9:m.".. this week. 3 My dassmateS~.l:'~.~:~..~.I.~!!,).9 ..!'!H~jf.1:1 . right now.

................ ........_

5 6 ... 7 8 9 6

...................

Ihis year. al the moment. Ihis )'ear. ..................... Ihis week. this term. ......................................................................................................................... right now.

"IlI'5ii;;;....... _ Put the verbs in the correct tense, present simple or present continuous. Leila Markham is an environmentalist. She is being interviewed on the radio by Tony Hunt, a

journalist. TONY: LEILA:

TONY:

lEIL\: TONY:

lEILA:

TONY: LEILA:

TONY:

LEILA:

TONY:

LflL\:

So lell me, Leila, why is it important to save the rainforests? There are a number of reasons. One is that many plants which could be useful in medicine tl) NQ\"" (grow) in the rainforest. We III ..p..9n:t..~_':'!9:1f (not I know) all the plants yet - there are thousands and thousands of them. Researchers (31 are t':)'ing (try) to dIscover their secrets before they are destroyed. I see. What other reasons 3rc there? Well, I'm sure you've heard of global warming? ..... (get) warmer? You mean, the idea that the world 141 .... (have) an Importanr effect on That's ngh!. The ram forests lSI the earth's climate. They l/ol (disappear) al a rerrifying rate and soon rhey will be gone. People n ....... (nOlI do) enough to save them. But is global warming really such a problem? I (81. (enloy) warm sunshme. Well, what I~' (happen) when you nol . (hear) ice? It 1111 (melt) of course. OK. The pobr ice caps !Ill (consist) of millions of tons of ice. If they 11 (melt), rhe level of rhe se:l will rise and cause temhle floods. ~1an)' scientists 14 (helie-ve) that temperatures lUI. (already rise). We must do everything we ,,, (include) can to prevent global w,Wnlng, and thaI 111>j. """._............. preserving the rainforesls! Thank )'ou. Leib, and good luck m your campaign. Thank you.

Past simple and past continuous (I did and I was doing) Use the words gwell to make selltences to match the pIctures. Do 1I0t change the order of the words. Use only the past SImple or past COlltIllIlOIlS.

IListen, I've

~ ~~ "'.to;

Cathy

P,"'dit

and it's broken.

when Don I arrive I we I have I coffee

Cathy I phone I the POSt office I when the parcell arrive

G!.~~._p..hl?~~~..;!:I.e._f'g.~l.qffl~_e_.~.e.':'

~cP"~ ~u"'Th'~"

Whcm__ P.Q.Ij. .Irr.i.'t.~ .W.~..w.~r.~ h.lldng__... ~e!!,!,_ ..

Past

I mpie plSlCOllIinUOlll-:==::::================= and

4r--------------,

while he I walk I in the mountains I Henry I set I a bear

the students I play I a game I when the professor I arrive

6r--------------,

Is that the Fire Brigade?

Felix I phone I the fire bngade I when the cooker I catch I fire

sr--------------,

II walk I home I when it I start I to ram

when the starter I fire I his pIstol I the race I begin

when Margaret I open I the door I the phone I ring

......

Cora I read /a letter I when Jimmy I phone I her

Andy I come lout of [he restaurant I when he I see I Jenny

Choose the correct form of the verbs.

mOMAS EDISON 1 started bias SIA~ work on the railway when he was twelve, selling

newspapers and snacks. There wefe long periods with nothing for him to do so he

(2l built/was building himself a little laboratory in the luggage van where he could carry out experiments when he (3) didn't sell/wasn't ~

things to passengers. Another way thai he (.oil occupied/was occuR):!'.!8 himself

was by reading. He joined a library and (51 read/was reading every single book in it. One day. when he 16) waited/was waiting at a station he (7] noticed/was nQticing a small boy who (II played/was playing by the track, unaware lhal a train 491 approached/was

approaching. Edison

(101

ran/was running out and

(III

grabbed/was grabbing the child

just in time. The child's father was so gratefullhat he (121 offered/was offering to teach Edison 10 be a telegraph operator. Edison accepted the offer and soon he (Ill had/was ~

regular lessons. After a year, he was good enough to get a job in the telegraph

office. He continued to read and experiment, whenever he (l4J had/was having time. At twenty-one he (I511eft/was leaving the telegraph office to devote aU his time to being an inventor. He (161 went/was going on to invent the electric light bulb, the phonograph and the movie camera.

• ~ Complete this description of the life of a musician, using the verbs gillen. Use either the past simple or the past continllous. Colin Boyle was born in 1973 near Dublin, Ireland. In 1983 he became seriously ill. While he til ~l!I.,".I~0'jJ.rj,'19.,(recover) his uncle (2) .. 11."~~ .... (give) him an old violin. He enjoyed playing and

practised at his school every day after lessons. One day in 1987, John Leaf, the manager of several successful musicians, Ill, (have) a meeting with the headmaster when he 1"1 _ _ " _ (hear) Colin practislOg. He immediately ·5, (contact) Colin's teacher and 16) . (invite) Colin to appear in one of the concerts he n ,............... (organise) that year. Calm. howe\'er. ''l' (refuse) leafs invitation, because Just then he (91 (prepare) for some important school exams. Coiln 101 (pass) his exams and 11 (go) to college to study engmeenng. At college he Ill.. (meet) Kim O'Malley, who, 1)1 (srudy) chemistry. Kim was also a keen amateur musician. Being slUdents, they rarely, 141. (have) much money and they usuall)' 1 ~I (work) as waiters at weekends. One evemng in April 1992, while Cohn and KIm 1161 (serve) customers, the manager 0':'1 (announce) that there would be no live music In the restaurant that night as the regular band could not come. Colin and Kim 'I~\ (persuade) him to let them play fO the customers. Everyone ,191 (be) amazed to hear how good they 110) (be). Six months later the}' ,lll (decide) to le,we colle~e because theY,ll, (earn) so much money as mUSICians. TheIr success has continued c\cr since.

Complete the (o/lolL'mK p.lragraphs with sllltable I'erbs. Use eIther the l)'lSt su"ple or past tense.

C01ll11l1l0llS

A John Blake was born In London in 1969. He III W~"r to work in France when he was nineteen. While he m _In a restaurant In Paris. he III Luisa, an Italian student. He 14l.. . her to marry him, but she wouldn't. Heartbroken, he 15) to England. Three years lacer, John (6l . along a street in London when he 1') Luisa. She 181 " London with a friend called Maria. When John and Maria (~I.. .. , they fell in love at first sight, and got married the following year. B I had a terrible time last Saturday. It was rather cold, but quite sunny. so after lunch I (101 w.tll.~.~fI." infO tOWIl. I (Ill." , to buy a pullover. I (l2l.. . """"" in the window of a clothes shop when someone (13l my wallet. While Il14) home, it (151 . .. ".......... . to rain and I arrived home cold and miscr<lble. J (161.. . . to have a hOI bath. I (171 ", ready to have my bath when the doorbelllI8l It was a salesman and it took me several minutes to get rid of him. Unfortunately, all the time he (\9) . to me the water ao) You can imagine the state of the bathroom! . . d ••••

•

Now complete tlus paragraph, usmg the pictures to help you.

had a

gr~at tlm~

(221 ~.k4J"'t9 ~

W~ 1241......

last

week~nd.

(21)

ÂĽli1!.~_~J~!!'_Iy__ ~.y,

_._..

m~nu

when a walter cHI

_.__

...........â&#x20AC;˘..,

another

. . wait~r 12-,

. ,

(281

Let '$ ho..lle

th~ ~,'~ning w~

a pizza. the

me. While the manager 1161... ......_ "..... . my friend. Of course, we the meal.

so in

. W~ IHI

piZ:Z.a.!

Present continuous and present simple; past continuous and past simple (I am doing and I do: I was doing and I did) Choose tlJe correct {arm of the ,'erbs. Hello, .\1Ike. What I' are )Ou dolO!: I ae 'len clft III this pan of London? Well, actually. '!ll'm IQQklll~ I J...Itt6k at flats round here. Flats? c If Are you wanlin~ I Do you want to move? MIKF: Yes. in f:let, believe il or nOl. Mandy and 1 141 are getting / ~C't married. ADAM: That's great! Congratulations. When 151 were you deciding I did you decide? MIKF: Only lasl week. It was while we 16) were staying / stayed with her family in Scothll1d. Now (7) we try I we're rryio!: !Q find a suitable flat. ADAM: h'll be great to have you as neighbours. I hope you manage!Q buy one soon. MIKE: Oh we Oil aren't [ookio!: I don't look for one to buy. We 191 aren't havlIlg I don't have enough money yet. 10) We're waotin& I We wam to find somewhere to rent. AOA!-i: Yes, of course. That's what we III) did I were dOlOi at first. Actually, 10 the end. my brother tI!1 was !endio!: IJeO! us some money. That's how we IU! were Dlana&in~ I mana&ed to buy ours. MIKE: Really? Perhaps I'll talk 10 my family before 114) wc choose I wc're choosin!: a f1aL ADAM: That's not a bad idea. My family 1151 iave I were iivlDi us quite a 101 of helpful advice. Now, wha[ about a coffee? There's a good place JUSt round the corncr. MIKE: Oh, yes, 11l6l looked! was lookini for somewhere 10 sit down when I bumped into YOll. Let's go. AOA!-l: MIH: AOA!-l:

11II

Complete eac.h sentence with a suitable form of the verb given. Use the present simple or contimlOIIS, or the past simple or continuous.

2 3 4 5 6

8 9 10 11

I remember the day you got engaged. We .w.C!~..t!l!I.Y.!F:IB•• tea in the garden when you came out of the house and told us. (have) I tried to explain the situation to my parents, but they JUSt _ . what I was talking about. (not I understand) . absolutely disgusting. (taste) What have you put in this sauce? It Peter always dume<! that he was innocent, but for many years no onc __ him. (believe) It's a lovely shawl, I know, but unfortunately it . to me. I'm just borrowing It for the party this evening. (not I belong) __ . that thin dress? You'll freeze to death in this cold wmd! Why (you I wear) Molly's fed up because she injured her ankle when she _.......... . this mornmg, so she can't dance. (jog) While I was admiring the view, someone stole the bag which ... ..... ..._all my traveller's cheques. (contain) Look! that man standing beside the cash desk? I'm sure he's planning to steal something. (you I see) Tea or coffee? I'm making both. so just say which you . (prefer) The boys didn't want to come shopping with us because they rhe football on television. (watch)

Use the l'erbs m the box to complete the fol/owmg dialoglle. Use the present SImple or contmllOllS, or the past slmp/e or continuous. Read the whole conversatIon before y(W start.

EJA gi\'e go have

see shake rry nor I go not I usc net I wepll

Fred is phoning his friend Jane. Hello. Jane, it's Fred here. Oh, hello Fred. What (I1 ...~n~..YQ...u:!.Q.!."_a ~ FRFI): Nothing much. I (2l _~~.'.r§.¥.l.".i.!'!e... but I had to stOp because my computer FRFI): JANF:

11\

I.,,,,'t- ~l';lrid.!,!.9 ...•

Oh dear. Well, II.).................... . _.. _._ mine. Would you like to COIllC and borrow it? FRED: Thanks, but I'd rather go out. Would you like to come to the cinema? They lSI.. , two tickets for the price of one this afternoon. JANE: What's on? FRED: I'm nor sure. JANE: Well, 1(6) if I don't know what film we'll see. FRED: Wait a minute. I (71 to find the right page in the newspaper. Oh, it's a horror film. How about it? JANE: Definitely nor. You know I (8) nightmares when I 19) horror films. We 110) . to see one last year and by the end I {II}................... with terror. FRED: Oh, all righ!. Wdl, see you on Monday I suppose, JANE: Yes, OK. Bye, FRED: Bye. JANE:

Fill the gaps in this fetter with suitable verbs. Use the present simple or continuous, or the past stmple or continuous. 'Z),1If Artlta. qlulrtR IfOU

"""d.

lot 'fout trttmalJl1rt, ltttn. ttl ~.rrived 'futndalf· J t2l ..J.!?:t~r"nl".e. to ittl. »Iuc4 {,trrn 'to altlwu,A "'If it., grlU 01 _...... Ii J (41 __•....... t(J(J lar. ea!ft _tktlld J 151 _ so",t l'itrtdS ..J..o (61. • . thtl' !fum",n Iwlida'fs just u1' t4t road 1'0'" ,,"t. 'l-J.t.y 'rt tln'f rtlC( .. J 1w1't lfou'U ,"ut tht", fl 'fou CO»1t hnt rtU"t HWrtr4. J I7l ro thtlt Iwust quiU tasil'f. 'ut ..,Iult J (81 . Iw",t. "'If it, (91............ . to acht Wlll'f Md('f' So rlus _tit J lIO)............ . »IOU CAulu!. J'm vnlf plttlstd 'fou llll.... to lirt,( th<lt book about J~II(j'I" music th<lt you (121.. 10'. J "tlVt somt cA,ssttUs 'fou ca" /.ono'" ii 'fou (IJ) .. J »lust stop rtO"', kC'luSt J (141 Mt"n artd. ?:,ltlHlt "'7itt a::;:'lill /llld silld IOtt smllt &wks. <:[hig is /llolI"t'f ,.ttlet, 6ut 'fou kllmtl Hit', J 115) ••................... ,., howl vily quickly! YOui. much

lOll .

;Alia

~ Most of these sentences contalfl one mistake. Correct each Olle or, if there is right.

110

mIstake, write

1 The coffee is smelling wonderful. .... ,,~m.~I.I.~ ..w.eJ:ll\l.~rf\d· .... 2 Last year we visited the States. .~IGHL .. 3 The ship sank because the engineer wasn't calling for help until it was already sinking. 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

The reason I get fat is that I'm always tasting things while I'm cooking. . . How is Jennifer? Does het health Improve? You're quite right, I'm completely agreeing with you. . , What did you after you left school? . . Now J understand what you're trying lO say! _ , J can't Imagine why you wen: believing all tho~ rumours. . _ , Manin looked forward to a ~aceful weekend, when his brother allived with all his friends from the football club. , _ , 11 Philippa heard the result of the election as she was driving 10 wOlk, so she phoned me when she got there _ _...... . __ __ _ . 12 Oh, I'm so SOtry, I've spilt some tea. Where are you keeping [he pa~r towels? .

Present perfect simple and continuous (I have done and I have been doing) ~

Units 7-12

Complete the (oJlowmg conversation with verbs from the box. Use ti,e presellt perfect sImple or contimlOIlS. YOlt w,lIneed to lise some of the verbs more than once. Read the wlJOle cOlll'ersation before yOll start.

1 be

come

dri\'c

find

have

look

manage I

Jane IS being lnten'lcwcd by :\'Irs Carr for a job working with young children. \'R~ CARR: Come In Jane, do rake a sear. Would )'Oll bke a coffee? J""'f: Thank )'OU, actually I ,11 'v~ju.~lhad (just) one. \IRS CARR: Oh good. Now, do you know this area aT all? JA"'[: Quite well. My grandparents liw' just on the outskirts of town so I 11.1 ._ here for holidays since 1 was lIttle. I'm staying With Ihem 31 the moment. actually. MR!> CARR: Oh, that's nice. And do you have a dnving licence? Yt."S.I,I' for four years now. J.-\:-';~: \1R!> (ARR: And would you sa)' you're a careful dnver? (newr) an Yes. Ilhmk so. At least I ~I JA:-';~: Jccident. \IR~ <. ARR: Good. Now. could you lell me why rou thmk you \\ould be right for thIS Joh? ].\1\1: Well,!,~ (always) .",erested m workmg wirh Slllall ch.ldren. And I 11>1....... 10 gel qUirc ,I bit of practical experience by takmg holLday lob!> :lnd so on. \tR!> L\RR: How do rou Ihmk you would cope in an emcrgcncr? JA:-';E: I'm quire a calm person,! think. Il-r .. first .Iid course, UK). [ got this badge. \lR\ (ARR: Oh, yes. Thar's good. Now, this job isn't permanent, a~ yOli know. We need someone for about a rear. How would thai fit wllh your long-term plans? I'd like to work abroad eventually. But! want some full路tltTle expcnence first. I JANF: IHI.... . " , , a Nursery Teacher's course this year. We finish next week, in faet, and I've already got a Child Care certificate. 1'.1R~ (ARR: Well, I can't make any promises, but yOll do sound lust the sort of person we're looking for. When would you be able 10 start? As soon as I finish my Nursery Teacher's course. JANF: Excellent. And would you live with your grandparelHs? MR~ CARR: Well, they live a bit far away. I'd probably try to get a small flat. JANI': I 1\1).. . in the paper every day, bUI I 1101 . (notl anything yel. MR~ CARR: Well, if you gel the job, we'll try 10 help you. Now, would you like 10 come and meet some of the children? JANE: Oh, yes. MRS CARR: Righi, if you'll just follow me then ...

Ell

Complete the responses to the following remarks and questions according to the information in the pictures. Use tile present perfect sImple or continuous.

E.ARllfR TillS ~IORNING ~

'WIlT NOW WtLCOMÂŁ

"'/'I#W Yo

You look

Sorry, no.

dreadfully tired. "OW

Is,,'t your brother here.

He '6 ,gone to New Yon:

Yes, I am. I 've been dolns. an exam

all monring.

J ,-------,,-------,

\U,\Vlb

".0

Don't worry. It's only because I

A MOMENT A(;O

NOW

qa" you i!f)f! me a lift to work?

~Vhy

do you

want the antiseptic?

I'm afraid I ca,,'t. You see, I ..~ .

l'men1P!!!fCl &Il'I\PIe Ind

COl1ImOii~_iM~--:=======:---=======:'"

7r--------~___, EARUER

nus YEAR

• Can!

t"ow

have a •

You dance

much bener than you

used tol

~ ...

\: ';r'

Thank you. Actually,! . ...............

, ,

_..

Dh, I'm so sorry, J .

pieceD!

cake?

....•...•.•••.•... 1

.......................-

~ Use the words gwen to complete the sentences. Put the verbs m the present perfect sImple or contmuOIIS.

3 4 5 6 8 9 10 11 12

13 14 15

16 17 18

John·s terribly upset..H~'817r.()ken_ (he I break) off his engagemem to Megan. Apparently she's ~een .seeing (she I see) someone else while h~'s l1un (he I be) In Afnca. Can rou translate this note from Stockholm? I understood Swedish when I was a child, but .... (II forget) it all. What's that dem In the side of the car? . (you I have) an accidem? I'm sorry, John's not here; (he I go) the demisf. (he I h:n'e) trouble wuh a tooth. ThIS cassette recorder is broken. (}'OU I play about) wuh u? Your Italian is very good. (rou I study) it long? Do you mind if I clear the table? (you I have) enough to eat? ['m nOt surprised , .. (he I fail) that exam . ................................. (he I not I work) hard recently. Qh no! ", , " " (the children I cook). Look at the state of this kitchen! How mally times " (Wendy I be) 13te for work this week? I'm going to give that cat some food ""'..",, " "" .." (it I sit) on the doorstep for hours. I'm sure it's starving. ...................................................... (II do) grammar exercises all morning. I deserve a treat for lunch. . .. (you I nOt I buy) your mOther a presem? That's really mean of you! .. (she I work) in Australia I saw Katie yesterd3Y. for the past year. Did you know? Now where are my keys? This is the third time (I I lose) them today! ......... (you I ever I play) chess? You should try it. I'm sure it's the son of game you'd like. (you I grumble) all day! Qh do be quiet. (your tennis I really I improve)! .................................... (you I practise) in Sttret?

•

Present perfect simple and continuous, and simple past

Units 7-10

(I have done, I have been doing and I dir!)

~ Rewrite eac.h of the following sentenus without changing the meaning, beginning in the way shown. You moy need to use the present perfect or the simple past. w~ haven't bttn to a concert for over a year. The last time ..w.J..M.nk..~."..~..l'@..".9.Y.m:.J..m.r..H9.,.... 2 Your birthday party was the last time I really enjoyed mysdf. 1... _ __ _ __ 3 It's nearly twenry years since my father saw his brother. My father _ ._ _ _.__ 4 James went [0 Scotland last Friday and is still there.

James has ._ __ _ _._._.._ _. _ __.__ __ 5 When did you last ride a bike? _ _.._ _._ ._._ __.. .._ __.__._. How long is it __ 6 The last time I went swimming was when we were in Spain. I haven't ... 7 You haven't tidied this room for weeks. It's __ _ _._._ _ _ H •••••••••••••••• _

•••

•••••••••• _

•••••

._ •••••••••••••• _ . _ _ • _ _ •••••••••••••••••••••• _ . _ ••••••••••••••••

Present perfect and present (I have done II have been doing and I do II am doing)

IIDI

_._ . _._

__ .

_ _..__ _ _.._ ? ••••••••• _

••• _

•••••••••••••••••••• _ _

_ ..

Units 7-12

Complete the sentenus with one of the verbs in the box in a SUItable form. Be careful - some of them are negative.

be make suit

li.,;"I,

"" want

speak

know stare

have suffer

""m

1 I'm afraid I .h«~.!1~;..f'-I:l!...h~... typing those leners. I ~V.'".P.H.lljj(NJJ.!19 ... with cuStomers all morning. 2 That jacket really you. How long you .......................................................... your own clothes? 3 Thank you, but I really any more JUIce. 1 two large glasses already. 4 I can't find my watch you it recently? 5 Paul from earache since the weekend. He to the doctor twice, but it's still not bener. 6 We why Sara is upset, but she to us for ages. 7 Why _ you __ _ at me? I suppose you ___ _._ _ a woman on a motorbike beforel

_.. ~

Complete the sentences with suitable verbs. Use the present perfect simple or continuous or the present simple or continuous. I J:~ m!!_~.p.:rlna. th~ reports all morning, but I still ..J'fY#.t!l.f1",I.",b.~.. 2 I don't want to spend a lot of money today lxcau~ I __ _ __ . as much as I can until I on holiday. 3 I remember meeting your brother last summer, but I . him this year. What . since then? 4 I with my cousin in london. I . there before, but he _... . _.._................. there for several years, so he can show me around. ", ......... a long time? 5 I'm sorry I'm late.. for a little while? You 6 Why...... . . a break since we started work. 7 We , _... this stupid film since lunchtime. Let'S switch over to the other channel. 8 Jenny's really excited about going to Spain. She . Spanish for several years. there before, although she .... time to visit his parents the~ days, but he 9 Peter rarely .... lunch with them tomorrow because it's his father's birthday.

E1I

Fj/lthe gaps in this letter with suitable verbs. Use the present perfect continI/OilS or slfnple. or the present confllllfOIfS or sImp/e.

(13) .... ,

~. $ee 'I"" "'"", fWwJa

Read the conversation below and fill the spaces with a verb

a sllitable tense,

Brian and Jessica are on a training course at a company that publishes popular magazines. During their first morning, they meet for a coffee. BRIAN:

jf5S: BRIAN:

JF'iS: BRIA"':

JESS:

BRIA:": JB~:

BRI"~:

JESS:

BRIM";:

JESS: MAN: BRIAN:

MAN:

Well, Jess, what have you been doing this morning? Oh, it's been really bus)', I (I)'ve .1?"~.!'!.BQ.i.!HL. round all the different departments to see what they do. What about you? ll) ..tt~,(_~.Y9.!L~!!1n, anything interesting? I CJI . to the finance department, accounts and personnel. That doesn't sound very exciung! No, you're right. BUI this afternoon I'm going [Q see the art department, where they "" the designs for all the magazines. that department already. The)' Yes, I i, IIlI some faSCinating pictures today, but they don't alw3)'s ha"e such mteresting material, they said, And the editors ~l. always things at the last moment, which Ilil everyone ver)' Irritable. And I hear Ihat the art editor has a '-ery short temper. Don't worry. he's nor Ihere today. He (91 w some e"hlbmon. Oh. good, lie). who's that man O\-er there? He to, us slllce we came In. The one h) the door? I don't know. He ill, something. not a lournallst. Perhaps he (11 only here 10 look round, like us. Careful. he 1111 Ihis way. Excuse me, are )'OU the two tramee;, who 141 the da) here? That';, ngh!. lI.i) ....................................... yourselves? Er, yes. Thank you. ButOh, yes. I'm David Gordon. I (161 this company,

19 ,+

Present perfect, present and past (I have done / I have been doing, I do / Iam doing and I did)

Units 7-12

Read thts application letter. There are 7 grammar mistakes in it. Find and correct them.

11,.,. Mr "xix, I .'NU lib"

In.,

"Il" f,r

th, j,b

'f sh,! ..../"

.hick , Stt

.'",tilt'

i1t 'Iu f.I", I """ fwtdYl'''N ,I,. I ••S bm.. ;11. Fr.,", ht ""'1 t.""i/, ".~"" " E1CfI.d .htiIJ I 'lII,b, ."" I 11M 1;"i1&1 lure si"". , ttft sch"l/,,. til,." "1111 1111' Ii"", th,,, J •• h.,i,,/ 1,,,,,.1 j,bs ;" IMII. Fir tht t"lt Ij~ M,lItlu '.,,1 .,,.lci"1 ill H.Us "I""'''4IIcl Th, •• "~,,. lui bUll siI,illf tI•• t '" is "illi"l b Ii., MI • , II,d. Fretu" .", Ellf/ilh fbmdl, .d I Ii• ., turd fe,,,,.,,, /;1«1 I l,!t "l&tI,l, /. II/uk I'"'' ~,,.• .,,, tIl. I kIlt y,N wilJ mui",. ""Y 'I/tiedi,,.,. Y'NN li",,,,,I,,

,PI"

".S

II."

st,,.,.

rtf',.,,",·

L,lliu Srttt

B Write an application letter for this job. You may write fOT yourself or you may mvent an applIcant.

Bright. helpful person required to help for two months in souvenir shop this summer. Must speak some English in addition to at least one other language. Experience and qualifications not essential, but desirable. Excellent pay and conditions. Write, giving details, + one referee, to: Ms J. Sparks, 'The Old Shop', High St, Cberley, Yorks.

Present perfect and past simple (I have done and I did) ~

Match the two halves of these sentences.

I 2 3 4

My lime brother started school - - - , The Prime Minister hasn't 1>«n abroad L I caught a cold My father has been asleep in ~d 5 The Red Cross started 6 The dentist has asked us to wait 7 The last bus left 20

Units 13 and 14

a b c d e f g

all day. when he was SlX. in the 19th century. since January. several minutes ago. when we wen( out in the rain for a few minutes.

Choose the correct form of the verbs. I 2 3 4 5

My sister has bun I WM interesred in medicine ever since she h" been I was a child. How long haye you studied I did you study before you baye Qualified I Qualified? Where have yoy first met I did you first meet your husband? Is this the first time yoy've cooked I yoy cooked pasta? We bave wanted' wanted to go to the theatre last night, but there baven't bun I weren't any seats. 6 Dh, dear. What can we do? I'm sure something dreadful has happened I happeoed; ~ bttn waltioi I we waited over an hour and he hasn't pboncd, I hasn't been phooini yet. 7 We have posted I posted the parcel three weeks ago. [f you still haven't receIVed I didn't ~ \t, please inform us immediately.

Alex wants to go to an art college and IS being mtenIJl'wed by Tom SmIth, one of the lecturers. Complete the questlOtlS which Tom asks him. Read the whole conversation before )'ou start. TOM;

AlEX: TOM:

ALEX: TO~t:

ALEX: TO.\t:

AlEX: TOM:

ALEX: Tmt:

ALEX: TOM:

A1..£X: TOM:

ALEX: TOM:

ALE.X: TOM:

A1..£X:

Right, Alex, let's find OUI something about you. You're obviously not a leenager, so when 111_9kb~9..y'I~ave school? Five rears ago, actually. And where 1lI.",V• .Y9U!'e~n., since then? Well I've had several jobs. What (JI. first? I worked lD a cafe for about a year. I needed to save some money. Why 141 . money? I wanted to travel a bit before I started studying. Where tJI. ... to go? Well, the Middle East, latin America, Australia Good Lord! And {Ii) ......................................•••••. _••••.... all those places? No, nOl yel. I've been to Brazil and Peru so far. And I spent some months lD Turkey. What 17I ., , there? I stayed with some friends near Izmir. It was wonderful. You're very lucky. And now you want to come to college. (81 .. some pictures to show me? Urn, yes, J have a small portfolio here. Where (~! this work? Mostly in Turkey. Why (10) ... any in South America? I didn't have time really. And I was travelling light, I just did some pencil sketches. (IIJ . them here with you? They're at the back of the portfolio. Well, Alex, I'm very impressed. When U2) ....................................... interested in painting and drawing? I think I always have been. I can believe thai. Will you come with me? I want to show this work to my colleagues right away. Of course. Thank you very much.

... ~

Comp/et~ the sentences by writing about yourself and some of the sub;ects in the pictures.

drive I car

go I swimming

ride I bicycle

study I English

eat I burger

ride I motorbike

do I washing up

go I skiing

suck I thumb

eat / binhday cake

break I leg

pass I exam

go troller-skating

go I windsurfing

get I married

1 I .~/!I.y.~.":.t./l.ll!~.I:l ..,"w.!mm1.".a. since the spring.

2 3 4 S

Yesterday 1..l!I.r.0'.O'.. ,".Y..~iHÂˇ.,I.tlt9.JII w.III.I .â&#x20AC;˘ In the past six months, I _ _ _ I __.. . _............. . _

Since my last binhday, I 6 1._ _.._ _.._ _ 7 Last year I _ 8 Six months ago 1 9 I_ 10 I 11 I 12 This week I

_ _

_ __

_ _

. yet, but I hope to one day. __ _. . _.._ _ _ _. recenlly.

_ _._.. __

. _ in my life. when I was a chIld. yesterday evening. .

Fill the gaps in these sentences with a suitable verb. Use either the present perfect or past simple.

1 Bill .hu.t?'-!f!:l... away from work all this week. 2 Glenda '!'f.Q.r:t.f4..mJ:'!lI.m.f.t:t hard when she was a student. 3 Pippa rather unfriendly recently. 4 Eric the door before I rang the bell. S How long Neil his present job? 6 .., Tina her parents since she got married? 7 Why you your coat on? It's not cold. S Jock _ (Q me about his problems last night. 9 Fred his map. We'll have to go back for it. 10 Jane . __ more money in her last job, but she enjoys this one more. Fill the spaces

the conversation with suitable verbs. Use the past simple or present perfect.

Rosie is talking to Marcus, who has recently come ROSIE: MARCUS:

work in the same company as her.

So, Marcus, are you settling in here OK, do you think?

Oh, yes. Everyone (11 ..hi!l.IfJ'",!1.. very friendly. I fll.~ .. to have quite a lot of problems, but I ()f .. ~Y~rfl.hJ~.. any really. Not here at work, anyway. ROSIE: Do you mean there (4) ....•................... other problems? MARCUS: Well, I (Sf to move out of the flat 116f • when I first ~71.. . . ROSIF: Oh dear. Why 181 ._•••.••• you to do that? Wasn't it comfortable? Our personnel department 191....... you to find lit {lUI they? MARLUS: That's right. It was a good flat. lull..... hvmg there \"ery much. Unfortunately, the Journey (Q work was 100 long. The bus routes changed just before I (Ill to work here and it (Of me two hours to get here every day. So I (l4f to a place just round the corner from here. Everything's fine now. ROSIE: I hope all this trouble (l5l .. """"....". (not) you sorry that you came here. MARCUS: Not at all. I'm really enjoying the work. And I (16 I........ ,,,,,,,,,,, a lot of new friends already. ROSIE: That's good. Oh, well. We'd better get on with some work now, 1suppose. MARCUS: I guess so. Sec you later. ROSlt:: Yes. Bye.

.1!Il!J

......

UOlts56 15and16 . .

~ Read tbe following passage and put the verbs in the correct form, present perfect or past simple.

Then and now

(S)

TWENTY YEARS ago few people 1I1 ..r.uIIH4.... (realise) that computers were about to become part of our daily

lives. This short period of time

.••• tw.•. Hf11....... (see) enormous changes. in business. education and

(2)

(101

public administration. Jobs which (ll __._._._.._._..._

(enable) government departments to analyse the needs of ciUzens in detail. Some of us may wonder, however, whether life (9)_••__••••.•••••_ •••_......__.•.••_...... ......_ _ _. (really/improve) as a result of these changes. Many Jobs .

(disappear), for when IntelHgent

(take)

example, machines

(II)

carried out In minutes. Clerks wbo

over the work. Employers complain that clerical staff (t2) . .. _.__._ (become) dependent on calculators and cannot do simple arithmetic. 'Ibere are fean that govern· ments flll I (not/do) enough to enaure that personal information held on computel"8 Is really kept secreL Certainly, many people may now be wondering whether the spread of computers 114) _. .....__••_ ..._ _ .................. (bring) us as many problems

1"1 .........................•....................................•. (spend) all day copying and checking calculations are now freed from these

tedious tasks. In offices. the soft hum

-----.===;

and clicking of word processors ISJ ....................................•.......•...............•...

(replace) the clatter of typewriters. SChoolchildren l6, .....•.•._..•........._ .. ................._._._ (become) as familiar with hardware and software as their parents

._.__.._._._

(take)

weeks to complete in the past, are now

_ _ _.. (be)

as it {IS} .._

with pencils and exercise books. Computerlsatlon of public records

__. _ _

(solve).

Past simple, past continuous and past perfect (I did, I was doing and I had done / I had been doing)

Units 5. 6, 151llC116

~ Choose tlJe correct form of the verbs. """""'""" IW'OI\T

(Parkhouse Hotel

5th September)

The conference was very successful. The seminars and talks Il)were I baa i888 extrerrely interesting and it was obvious that all the speakers 12)bod prepo.red I Ire.orad their material very thoroughly. Everyone agreed that

this should became an annual event. There were however a nUDber of administrative problems. When we 01 Arriyed I bod arriyed, we (4) discovered { had discovered that the hotel manaqer (51 reseryed I bad reseryed the wrong room for us and therefore we (&Idid DOt have { hod not bod enough space. Unfortunately, he could not let us have the larger roan because he 111 gave I bAd given it to another group, even bigger than ours. tie (8) ollQ misunderstood { bad Also misllOOeOltgqd the letter explaining what food

(91

rt!llJUirecl I bad reguired. In foct, we (10) suspected I bad suspected that he

Ill) lost I bad lost the letter.

do not reccllllll!nd using this hotel again.

_.. Most of the sentences have one verb in the wrong tense. Correct them or write right. I was pleased to see myoid college friends at the conference last week as we didn't see each

other since we finished our course...",..f!.f..~.llI..b...fOI.n.'.t.Hf.I1.g~.!1 ..~r.,"". 2 We had to wait for hours at the airport because the had weather had ddayed all the flights . ..gIG.HL. 3 Many modern medicines were not invented by western scientists but by tribal ~ople who had

~en

using them for generations before the Europeans arrived.

4 We missed our train, so by the time we reached the theatre, the play ended and the audience was leaVIng the theatre _ __ _ ' _ _._ . 5 At the end of their meal they found they couldn't pay the bill because they didn't bring any money with them. . _ ' .._ _ _. 6 The children were thrilled when they unwrapped the electronic toys, but when they discovered that nobody bought a battery they were very disappointed. 7 When I came OUt of the cinema I had found that a thief had taken my car radio. ~n taking drugs, but they soon realised they ml:'ced up the results of the tests. ._................ . _.. 9 When the film star came Into the restaurant I didn't recognise her because I didn't see any of her films. . . 10 When we reached the city centre .....e couldn't find a parking space. so we had decided to go by bus the next time. . ,_

8 At first the authomies thought the athlete had

Complete the (ollowing conversation using the verbs supplted. Jean has called to see her boyfriend Gary. GARY: JEAN: GARY: JEAN: GARY: JEAN: GARY: JEAN:

GARY: JEAN: GARY:

JEAN:

Jean. I'm surprised to see you. Well, 1 think you owe me an explanation. Me? What aboUi YOU?(II..!.""".\'( (I f see) you in the cafe laSt night. (21.w..C'._bl!f1.. I!I-'TIlI1Q~ ... (we f arrange) to meet at the cinema, if you remember. So why (ll.Ii!!l1!".'l.Y~~L~m.IL. (you f not f come) into the cafe if you saw me? (4) (I f be) too angry. And cold. IS) , (I f wait) outside the cinema for three-quarters of an hour. But why? (6) (you I not f get) my nOte? What note? The note (71.............................. .. (I J leave) here yesterday aflernoon. When (81.. . , " (I J go) past the cinema yesterday lunchtime (91 . ................................. (I f notice) that (10) •• . (they f change) the film. So (Ill. . (I f put) a note under your door to tell you. (12) (I f not f find) any note. It must be here. Let me look. Yes. Oh dear. I'm afraid (13) . (it f slip) under the mat. Oh. I'm sorry I was angry. It's just that, well, while (14).. . . (I J wait), I was worried about (IS) (what J happen) to you. And then, 1161 (I f see) you in the cafe. (11) .••••••••........ . . ................................ (you f laugh) with your friends and (1.1 _ . (I f realise) that (l9I._ __ (you I sit) there quite comfortably with them all evening. (20) •........................._ _ _ _ (II just f lose) my temper. Never mind. Let'S forget it. Where shall we go now?

IIFI

Using the information gil/en, complete each sentence with a suitable flerb. Use the past perfect

simple or comi"uous. Maggie worked in the garden all afternoon. Then she took a hot bath.

Maggie took a hot bath because she ..~.,~ ..p.~Jl..w.9..d!:.J.n9 .. in the garden all afternoon. 2 Graham wenr for a walk. In the woods he saw some rare birds. When he gOl home he wrote a letter to the local newspaper about them. Graham wrOie (0 the local newspaper about some rare birds which he ,~ad 6:fÂŤfrl.. while he was walking in Ihe woods. 3 Rebtt"ca came top In the final examination. Her father bought her a car as a reward. Rebecca's father bought her a car because she lOp in [he final exam. 4 Henry came home from work early. He cooked lunch. His family were very Impressed. Henry's family were very impressed to discover that he lunch when he came home from work early. 5 Greta worked very hard all morning. Her boss gave her an extra half hour for lunch. She boasted abom It. Greta boasted that her boss _ . her an extra half hour for lunch because she very hard all mormng. 6 Patrick went to the disco. He came home very late. His mother was worried and she told him off when he got 10. Patrick's mother told him off when he came home late becau.se she about him all e\'emng. 7 Bruce tried to mend a broken wmdow. He cut hiS hand. He wem to hospital. Bruce went to hospital because he hIS hand while ht, was trpng to mend a hroken Window. 8 I lost my watch. We h.ld looked for it for hours. I was "ery pleased when m)' son found It. I \'a~ "erl pleased when my son found my watch because we for It for hour~. 9 Isabel.mended .tl.lnguage course. She made some new friends. She sem postcards to them. Isabel sent postcards to the new friends she. while she was anendlllg a language course. Supply sllltable L'/!rbs for the following col/versation.

Ann is genlng ready to leave her office. A colleague, John, comes into the room. jOIlt": Oh, Ann, I'm glad I've caught YOll. Can you stay on and help us finish some work? You remember the new client [(lI.W.~.!!!,:t;:~J.IJ.\'!g .. yOll about yesterday? Well. we've got to do a presentation to her tomorrow. ANN: But [ (21 iust . JOHN: You don't have to go, do you, though? You 13) ......... your shopping at lunchtime, (.1...... .. , ".. .. (nOl) you? ANN: And now I want to go home. JOHN: Oh, come on Ann, please. It'll only be for an hour. ANI\;: That's what you lSI.... ..last time. I (6). leners for twO hours, then when I (7) nearly .. me do half of them again because yOll them all, you IS).. (91. " (not) me the right address file, so 1110) them all wrong! JOHI\;; OK, if that's how you feel about it. But next time you need help, don't be surprised if I .. _ to help me! remllld you that you III).

II!

Past simple, past continuous and used to (I did, I was doing, and I used to do)

Units 5, 6, and 18

Choose the correct form of the verbs. 1 Mary met her husband while she worked I was workjoa I u$('d to work In the States. 2 Why does Warren keep shouting at people? He wasn't I wasn't heioi I didn't use [0 be so bad-tempered. 3 How long is it since you bad I were hayjo& I used to have a holiday? 4 The government provided I were proyjdjo& I used [Q proVide much more help for disabled people than they do now. 5 It's all very well complaining you haven't 3ny money, but while )'OU were rravdling around the world. I uudjed I was srudyjoi I used to study sixteen hours a day for my exams. 6 The only time I ever rode (was rjdjn& I used to ride a horse, J fell (was ÂŁaWOl;: lYsed [Q fall off In the first five minmes.

In some of these sefltences )'011 am lise used to (used to work I used 10 play I used 10 be. etc.) Instead of the past slmp/l' (worked/played/was, etc.). Where pOSSIble rewrtte the seflle"us usmg used 10. Every summer, Eileen stared with her grandparems while her parems were awa)' on holiday. .". j::i1een used t9 stay with h~r 4randpjir~!:l.~~_... 2 Bruce drove Ihe new 10TT)' 10 Scorland, stopping one nlghl in the north of England. ,,.,.QCHANGE J My aum had a dog which she had rescued from drowmng when 11 was a puppy.

4 As Mary was getting out of the boat her foot slipped and she feU IOta the mer.

5 Before the new shopping mall was built, there was a football pitch here for the local children. .

.".,

6 Jasper grumbled that bread didn't taste like cardboard until the supermarkets started making it.

""".............

7 During our voyage across the Atlamic I took several photos of the great seabirds which followed the ship, riding on currents in the air.

8 While I was waiting for the bus I noticed a group of tourists who were listening intently to a guide.

9 The punishments at our school were very harsh before the new head teacher was appointed. 10 As children we spent a lot of time helping with the household chores, but we didn't help in the garden. . "" .. II The politicians made innumerable promises before the eleclion, but kept none of them, as usual.

Umts 5 6 ~"~ 18 •

IIII

Choose the correct form of the verbs. ugly pkrtfoon shoes! She ''I lO'Qll admitting { admitted that people (61 were otten tailing t otten used to fall over because the heels were so high. In the early n1netles. however. Annabelle notlcedtoher amusement that seventies styles (7) were I used to be In fashion agaIn. 'I (II Wooed t was Wnolng to throw all my old clothes owoy: she said. 'but my daughter went to a . ponly lost week. ond guess what she "J used to wear t was wearing - that's right, some of my old clothes!'

t Is sometimes sak:1 that there Is nothing new In the world of foshk>n. Annabelle was a wel~ known model dunng the seventies. When her chlk:1ren were In their earty teens they (II were enloYiog I used to ealoy looking at her old photo albums. They III were fIodlog t found it hard to betk9ve that she lJl was wearing I used to WflQl such stronge clothes. 141 Did peopfe really use to think I were people really thinking flared trousers looked good? And those

~ Wnte a sentence for each of the following using used to or didn't use to. I I had a lot of money but (lost it all when my business failed . ..I..l,!Hf!I,.~.~ ..~.h...__ 2 (quite like classical music now, although I wasn't keen on ir when (was younger.

J I seem to have lost interest in my work. 4 My sister can't borrow my jeans any more, she's put on so much weight.

......................................................................

..................••••.......

5 I don't mind air travel now that I can afford First Class.

....................................................

.............•.......... ......................•••.•••.

6 My brother had his hair cut short when he left college.

.......................

......................•...........

7 (gave up smoking five years ago.

.......................

..............•....•••...•. ...........................•.............

8 My parents lived in the USA when I was a child.

.........................................................

9 When he was younger, my uncle was a national swimming champion .

...........................................................................................

10 Since we've lived in the countryside, we've been much happier.

..............................................__

Write true sentences about yourself, using u~ to or didn't

to and one of the words in the

box. television restaurant

holidays friends

cinema music

homework lipstick

jeans grandparents

I .!.!.I_~..w..e.Q..Qtl..b9.!.l:4I.Y..!rlJ::h..mY.P.J.tr.flIH..JM.n9.w..J.B9---!!d1:b..mx.frlmfI.J.L..

2 J

.1.litkl.n'l.I,I_~.w.Yr.lDJlfHw.b~n..I.J!!'I.,..'-'h!.l4t...

5 6 7 8

Present, present perfect and past

Units 1-18

Choose the correct form of the verbs. Read through each conversatIon before you start. A TERRY: ANGIE:

What (11 did you do I hln ) ell 8ene I hod) 011 d"nc last night? Well, I (2) baye boped I haye betn bopin& I had beta hopin& to go out. but I (3) haye had I had I bad bad tOO much work.

B PETE,

What pan of Birmingham (4) do you Jiye I did you hye I bave you lived In when you I haye been I were beLD& a srudent? PATRJCK: A place called Selly Oak. (6) Do you know I Old you know I Have you known It? Oh, yes. I (7) was passiO(~ I used [0 pass I haye passed through it nearly every day when PEre I (8) was Jiyini I haye ,,"n Jjvin& I haye Jived there. lSI were

Do you wrjte I Haye you wrillen I Were you writjni to the bank manager yet? hayen't finished I hadn't finished I didn't finish yet. (II) I've beta taini I rye trjed II trjed to decide what to say. GIWAN: Hurry up! He (121 is expectio& I has expected I has been expectjn& your reply since last week. GIWAN: MARK:

BRIAN:

(9)

1(10)

Our teacher (13) invjtes I has invited I invited the class to his house on Satutday. Do you &0 I Are you &oin& I Haye you &one? I'm afraid not. I (IS) work I used to work I am workjo& (or my father on Saturdays.

(14)

LUKE:

When (161 did you hear I have you heard I bad you bcard your exam results? When 1(17) bad phoned I phoned I baye pbooed my teacher. She (18) has hem cbcckini I has checked I was chcckjoa the list when I (19) bad runi I rao& I am rjoiioi, so she (20) was tellioi I told I tells me then. PHIUPPA: (21) Haye YOU expected ( Haye you been cxpcctine I Had you been cxpcctiO& to do so well? OARA: Not really, to be honest! PHIUPPA: ClARA:

I tIMII r !hi future

E!I

U~lls,g

2\ 22

an~

Complete the sentences using the verbs given. 1 Tom has had to give up playing football since he .P.lJ?I!f... (break) his ankle. 2 Where .f!r.â&#x20AC;˘..:tli'II..sli'ln.e.. (go) for your holiday next year? 3 How often . (visit) your cousins when you ,................ .. (be) in the States last year? 4 .... (not 1 pay) for my ticket yet. How much ................. (owe) you? 5 The hotel manager called the police when he _ (discover) that a guest ,.... ... (leave) without paYing his bill. 6 I don't know what _ _.._ (happen) to Sharon. She (be) such a hard worker, but now she _ _ _.. (lose) Interest In everything. 7 We .. .. . ._ (have) a fire in the office last week. Everything ._ _ _ (go) very well up till then, but we (sort) out the mess ever since, as you can imagine. _.._ __ . (spend) most of S My grandmother was a wonderful woman. She her life teaching adults who _ _...... (miss) the opportunity to go to school when they _ (be) children and .. . (never I learn) to read. 9 I (alwa)'s I want) to visit Japan, and now I (have) the chance, I ...._. . (decide) to take It.

Present tenses for the future and will/shall (I do, I am doing and I'll do)

.:II A

Choose the correct (orm o( the verbs. BFN: SAM:

PAT: ALAN:

C WILl: LIZ: WILl: LIZ:

â&#x20AC;˘

MIKE: MUM: MIKE: MUM:

Arc you busy this week, Sam? Not particularly. 0) I revise 11'01 revisjn~ until Wednesday because I've got an exam, bur (2) that only lasts I that is only lastin~ until midday and then I'm free. Oh dear, I've spilt my coffee. a dorh.

131 I ~C't 11'11 ~ct

What time (~I docs your eyenin~ class finish I is your evclljn~ class fjoishjoi? Half past nine. (51 Sballl come / Do I come and collect you? Thanks, but 16) 1 meet 11'01 meetjn~ my sister for a drink. Mum, (7) will you talk / are you talkio~ to Dad for me? What's the problem? LaSt week he said I could use the car at rhe weekend but now j8) he doesn't let 1 he won't Jet me after all. I need it to get to the match (911 play 11'01 playin~ on Sunday. OK. (lOll try 11'11 try to make him change his mind. I expect Ill) he's a~reein~ I he'll i&1" when I explain.

E VALERIE: How soon (12) arc you I will you be ready to leave? SOPHIE: Oh I can't go out uotillUJ it will stop rainin~ 1 it stops rainim:. I haven't gOt a coat. VALERIE: OK. I don't think (14) it ~oes I it will ~o on for long. lI51 I tidy 11'11 tidy my desk while (161 we're waitin~ 1 we wait.

Prnent tenses lor lilt lutu~ Ifld wilIIsIId

Units 19 21 22

~nd

Complete the following conversation by expanding the sentences as shown.

Greg is talking to his personal assistant, Brian, about a business trip he is taking tOmorrow. GR拢G:

BRIAN:

(;1\拢(;:

BRIAN: GREG:

BRIA!'<: GREG:

BRIAr.;: GRFG:

RRIA!'<:

Have you completed the arrangements for my trip yet, Brian? Well, I've made the reservations, but there are still some details [Q confirm. 11l.'({jl\,lr..p~f':I.C! ..I~JV~f. (Your plane I leave) at eight-thirty, so 121 ................... , (II collect) you from your house at six. Six! Ill.... . (II have (0) get up in the middle of the night. I'm sorry,u's unavoidable. You have (0 check in by seven and I think 141 _ (there I probably I be) a long queue. Oh, very well. What about my meetings? First, ,5) (the Managing Director I come) to the aIrport to meet )路ou. Good. 16J ...._..... (we I be) able to talk on the way to the factory. 1 1 (the conference I not I open) until noon. (II make sure) }'OU have a programme before rou lea\-e. Thank }路ou. I'll (II read) it on Ihe plane, I expect. 'ow. let's get on with some of today's work! By all means. 4

,',

Comp/etl.' the fol1<m'mg fiL'I! sentences llbout yourself, /iSing the words gll'en. 1 This lesson

~nP:f

at twelv~Q'!!IOGk. (end)

2 At the weekend I'll probab!y.eo to the Gin~rna. (probably go)

3 Next summer 4 When I finish thiS exercise,

(viSIt)

(bel

5 Tomorrow evening I expect 6 AI the end of my cnurse 7 My nexi class 8 Nexl week 9 My course

Imagme that

)'011

(car) (probably speak) (begin) (have) ........ (finIsh)

are m the following situations_ Write what )'011 say, IIsmg will, shall or won't. 2 ,------------

(] YOU

YOU You offer to help her. Jj!.~.~..~ .. J?O.~~H..f9.r.Y.9..I,l...... ~M.l!JVJ!'r)' eqrn!rtbJI1",L

You promise not to be late. or

Un,1I191111111l1115

4,-------------, Ca1l)'Q1t thliver before

the weekend? ~,

't~. ~'" '0 We haue,,'t got a"ythi"g to do.

YOU You agree to deliver [he goods on Friday.

YOU

You make a suggestion.

(

You ask Ihem to stop fighting.

You explam the problem wIth the door.

7,-------------, 8

o E

You offer to phone for an ambulance.

You refu~ to pay until you've chet:ked that your goods aren't damaged.

The future: will/shall, going to and present continuous (I'll do, 1m going 10 do and 1m doing)

Units 20-23

Choose the cOrTed form of the verbs. 1 Oh no! Look at the time! I'll be 11'00 Koine [Q be terribly late. 2 If you want to go to the shop, you can borrow my brother's bicycle. I'm sure be WOO't mind I be's Dot eaine tQ mind. 3 I'll &0 I I'm Kaine [Q &0 into town this afternoon. Can I get you anything? 4 Will you hold I Are you Kaine [0 hold this box for a moment while I unpack it? 5 I hear the government has announced they'll raise I they're Koine tQ raise taxes again. 6 My car won't SIan' My Cit isn't Kaine to start. It must be the cold, I think. 7 I'll start 11'00 iQjOij! [Q starr a new job neXT week. 8 ('m so sorry I forgol your biahday. Why don't you come round tomorrow and I'll cook 11'00 iooin, to cook you a meal? Put In the correct form of the verb.

ANN: BILL:

AM-:: BIll.:

JOE:

Are you two going om? Yes, why? It JUSt said on the radio thar 11l.!!.·.".£H?!ng.l~L~qw... (it I snow). Oh, did il? 1121.:.I.t~ke (II take) my big coat then. Good idea. So iJl. willi (I).

B COUN: We've run OUI of biscuits. DAVE: Yeah, I know. (4} on my list.

C ED,

(II gel) some thIS ahernoon. I've gal them

GAll:

Jenny's had her baby. Really? That's wonderful! lSl

ED:

(61

IAN:

Casablanca is on at the Arts Cinema this week.

JILL:

IAN:

Yes. Oh.

KEN:

I haven't got a clean shirt.

UlY:

No, 112)

(II send) her some flowers. (II visit) her this afternoon. PI (II give) them to her for you if you want. GAil: (8) •................... (you)? Thanks very much. In that case, (') (I I go) and buy them right away.

(II see) it with Roger.

110)

(II)

................................................ (you I wash) one for me? ... (II not). You can do your own washing.

Complete the c:on//ersat;ons using the verbs given. Mary and Nigel run a shop together. Monday MARY;

NIGEl:

MARY: NIGi'J: \IARY:

:-<IGU: MARY:

I don't know what (I1 ..w.«~!JtSg.!!'!S.~.*,9. ... (we I do). We've hardly made any money for ages. (think we should advenise. We can send out leaflets. Yes. (21 Thl!lJ; Will (lrQ.I?J..~.B~ ... (that I probably I get) our name more widely known. BUI do you thmk (J) .....•.......•••••...__•..........•...................._. (people I come) inla the shop? Well, we could try advenising in the local paper. That might be benet. (..1. _._.__ (II phone) and find out their rales. And what about local radio? Good idea. Ul __ _ _. (I J phone) them? OK, thanks.

Tuesday MARY:

:"'1(,EL: ~IAR\:

We haven't got enough money to pay for all the advertising we need. I've been in .._ _ (I f Stt) the manager on Friday. touch with the bank. 161 '-I _ _ _. (he / give) us a loan, do you thmk? 1 hope so.

Friday At the bank So you wan[ to borrow some money. How do want to spend it? .\IARY: I" .._. (we J advertise) on local radio and in the paper. We'\'t" planned 11 carefully. We only need £500. .\IA'AGFR: Very well. ('1 , (Ihe bank fiend) you the money. But you must pay us back 10 three months. Can )'OU do that? \IARY; (10) _ (we J do) it, I promise. \lA:-JAGFR: Now, go and see the loans clerk and (Ill.. (he J help) you fill in the necessary forms. \lARY: Thank you for your help. MANAGtR: You're welcome. .\IA1"A(,ER:

Read the sitllatiolls and write what you would say in each case. Use will/shall, going to or the presem comjnl/OIlS. TlJere may be more than one correct answer for some situations, but remember that going 10 is usually used for actions that have already been decided on. You make your friend a cup of sweet coffee, then she tells you she doesn't take sugar. Offer to make her another one.. .J.'.rJU!9.r.tY~..I.·.lLrm~.~ ..Y.Q.l,.!.".n.Q~.~~.LQr.',~, ..... 2 A colleague asks you why you've brought your sportS kit to the office. Explain that you

have arranged to play tennis after work. 3 A friend asks about your holiday plans. Tell her that you've decided not to go abroad this year. "",., _ , ", """"" . 4 Your brother lent you some money last week. Promise to pay him back at the weekend.

5 A friend is telling you about her wedding plans. Ask her where they plan to go for their honeymoon _ _ _ ? 6 Your sister has bought some very cheap CDs. You want to get some tOO and you've asked her several times where she gOt them, but she refuses to tell you. Ask why she refuses to tell _ _ __ ? you

Units 19-2!>

~nd App~n~113

Som~ fri~nds hav~ ask~d hav~

lunch but

r~fuse

you to hav~ lunch with th~m and rh~n go to see a film. Agr« ro to go to th~ film because you'v~ alr~ady Sttn it.

8 You failed an exam last y~ar. Sinc~ then you'v~ been working hard. because you're determined not to fail again.

T~lI

your

t~acher

it's

9 Your neighbour is playing loud music late at night. You get angry and ask him to turn the volume down.

10 You've been offered the starring role in a Hollywood film and have accepted. Tell your friends aboul it. !

The future: revision

Complete the following conversations by putting the verbs in the right tense.

A Mick is watching television when his sister Vanessa comes infO the room. What are you doing in your dressing-gown? It's only eight o'clock. I don't feel very well. III 1''!\,QQin.Q1:g..h.~Y~. (II have) an early night. Min: On, dear. I hope 12l ,~u f~~! (you I feel) bener in the morning. V NESS : So do I. m _.. . (II meet) my new boss at ten o'clock. M1CK: I think 14)........... _._. ._. (II make) some tca when the news lSI. . _ , (finish), l6J (II bring) you cup? V NESSA: 0, don't bother. 17I. . __ _._ (II try) and go straight [0 sleep. Thanks anyway. M1CK: OK. Sleep well.

MICK:

V.... NESSA:

B Sandy and Alison are studenlS who have been sharing a flat. Sandy is leaving to do a course abroad. SANDY: ....L1S0N: SANDY:

ALISON: SANDY: ALISON: SAl-.'DY: AUSON:

It's hard saying goodbye after so long. We must keep in touch. (81 ". (you I remember) to send me your address when (9) ••• """" (you I get) to the States? Of course. 110) (II probably I not I have) time next week, because (II) (my course I start) the day after 1121 ,•• (II arrive), and 113) (II spend) the weekend with some old friends of my father's. Well, )'OU can phon~. Yes, I guess so. Do you know what (14) _........................ .. (you I do) thiS time next Sunday? II.SI _. _. (II get) ready to go to london. OK. So. (16) H_.._••_ _ _ (II phone) about three o'clock next Sunday. Great. (In ._ _ (II wait) for your call. H

•••• _

.. 35

C Rebecca and Arnold are leaving the office where they work. ARNOLD:

REBECCA: ARNOLD;

REBECCA:

ARNOLD:

REBECCA:

ARNOLD:

REBECCA:

ARNOLD:

REBECCA:

Would you like to come to a film this weekend? I'd like to, but I'm afraid (lSl (II not I have) time. Why? (19) (what I do)? Well, (20) (my father I arrive) back from Australia. He's been there for six months and (21) , (we I have) a big parry to celebrate. 122) _•..••••••••••••••••.•• (he I not I be) too tired for a parry after his night? Yes, and no doubt 12J1 ~ _ (he I suffer) from jetlag. So, on . (all the Saturday he can take it easy. But on Sunday, {HI .. ,....................... family I come) for a big barbecue. (25)...................... (II prepare) things all day on Saturday. What a lot of work for you. I don't mind, My sisters are very helpful and we're well organised. In fad, (201 __..•.........._ (II see) someone about hiring a band this afternoon. So, J must go now or (27) _ - (II not I get) to Iheir office before (211 _.__ __ __ (they I close). I hope (291..... "" (everything I go) well for you, I'm sure (JOI (it I be) a great day. Provided Uti _ _.. ~ _ (the sun I shine), that is!

Can, could and (be) able to

.-r!.I

Choose the correct form of the I'erbs.

.3 4 5 6 7 8 9

Why did you walk all the way from the station? You could phone I could have phoned for a lift. I loved StaYlOg with my grandparents when I was a child. They let me read all the books in the house and told me I CQuld I was able to go to bed as late as I wanted . This carpel was priced at £500, but I could I was able to get a discount because of this little mark 10 the corner. I couldn't have found I haven't been able to find my diary for days. It's terribly incQnvenient. As soon as she opened the dQor I could / was able to see from her face that something terrible had happened. I've no idea where my brother is living now. He can I CQuid be at the North Pole for alii know. It's difficult to understand how explQrers survive the cQnditiQns they encounter in the Antarctic. I'm sure I cao't / cQuldn't. Why did I listen tQ you? I can be I CQuid have been at hQme by nQW instead of sitting here in the cold. The day started off misty, but by the time we had reached the mountain Ihe sun had appeared and we coyld I were able tQ climb it quite quickly,

tin. COUld and (III) ablI to

Last summer Jack broke his leg. However he stifJ enjoyed himself. eve'l though he didn't join in everything his family did. Look at the pictures and write sentences /ISing could(n'[) and was(n't) able to. Usually you can use both. When can't you?

H(\' l'Quldn't swim. I He w,sn't a"le t9 !5w1m.

to 6<l?6ec", 1st A"?,,st 9 1""

Su.sie illlJires '10ÂŤ

He W;i!t a"!e tQ a9~~IJ"!~'S P.JrYe~I,J~,._

May/might ~

Answer the {oJ/oU'lng qUi>stiOflS (('Ith sill/able slIggesllOfls, IIsmg rna)' (or might} tmd the words 1ft

brackets. TERRY:

Why is John wearing sunglasses? It's

YOU:

(have some problem with his eyes) He mfly hav~. 60"'~ p..':'.obl~rn. witl'Lhis t:ye~:, Why didn't Jane come to the parry last mght? (ha\c a row with her boyfnend) She might have had a rqw with "!!iT booyfrlend.

2 JIU: YOU:

1101

sunny.

Why IS Alan in such a bad mood today? (sleep badly last night) ..... ROY: Why is Shelley looking under the desk? YOU: (drop something) . Where can I have pur my bag? JILL: {be under (he bed) ... YOU: ZOE: Why hasn't anybody s.lId 'Happy Bmhd3y' to me? (plan a surprise) YOU: Why does Henry look so miserable? TIM: (have some bad news) ... , YOU: ELLA; Why isn't Sophie in the office today? YOU: (work at homel . JOHN: Why didn't RoSt'mary come ro Ihe cinema last mghl? YOU: (feelilredl SUE:

YOU:

5 6 7

8 9

Look at these pieces of advice atld complete the se1ltellces explammg why the adlJlce should be followed. Use mayor might. You should reserve a seal on the train when you Iravel on bank holidays.

If you don't, y'pI,LlTla,y havll:_Wl'ta~ up for tl:t~ wholejoum~.

2 You'd bener not carry that heavy suitCase. If you do, YQ.~..m.i9"t jnj"'.~..Y9IJr.I1J11.'.~.â&#x20AC;˘... 3 You should carry a map when you viSIt London. . If you don't, 4 You should check the timetable before you leave for the statIon. If you don't, _.. ....._..... 5 You ought not to eat too many cream cakes. If you do, 6 You'd bener Invite your grandmother to your wedding. If you don't, . ' 7 You should have your car serviced regularly. If you don'l, . 8 You shouldn't go to a party the night before your exam. If you do, 9 You oughl to arrive punctually for work. If you don't, . 10 You should eat plenry of fresh fruit and vegetables. . If you don't,

Must/can't/may/might

Choose the correct form o{ the verbs. I You must be I can't be very proud of your son winning so many prizes. 2 We thought our (OUSIOS would visit us when they were in town last week, but they didn't even phone. I suppose they rollS[ be I must have been roo busy. 3 The film has been such a big success I guess it must be I can't be easy to get rickrrs to set it. 4 I'm sure you could mend this if you really tried. You must be; I can't be using the right tools. 5 I've just rung the garage to check whether they've fixed my car, but I can't get an answer. I suppose they may have I may be bayjoi a tea-break out in the yard. 6 I don't know why you wanted to stay at thar party. You mieht baye enjoyed {can't haY( (njoyed talking 10 all those bonng people. 7 I can't go our this morning. We're gening a new sofa and the store may be deliverjoi I muยง( be dcljyerio& it today. 8 You'll have [Q check these figures again. They're not accurate. You miiWt have been concentratjn& I can't have been cooceouatjn& when you added them up. 9 You must be I must have been thirsty after carrying those heavy boxes. Shall I make some tea?

Complete the conversations with suitable fJerbs. 1 JUAN: PAUL: 2 JANE: KATE: 3 MARK:

Maria says her father's a farmer. But he can't .I?J..! They live in the middle of Madrid. Oh, no. This carrier bag's split. You must ..hllv~.pJ,l~ .. tOO much in it. They're not very strong, you know. Nigel says he met your sister in Berlin. AMY: But he can't _._ _._.__ _ her rhere! She's never been [0 Germany. 4 jlM: Where can I frnd our abour visas for the US? JOE: Pia might ._ __ _ .._ .._._. about thar sort of thing. She used to work in a rravc! agency. 5 GARY: This letter says you owe the bank ยฃ5,000. PHlUP: It must _ __ _ a mistake. I don't even have a bank account. 6 SUI: Shall we go [0 the concert? BETH: I'd like to, but you'd bcrrer phone first. They may all the tickets. 7 BERT: Do you know where my address book is? MAY: It could in the hall cupboard. I think I saw it there the other day. 8 DAVE: Why didn't Sally come to work in her car today? TONY: She didn't say. She could . it to her sister, I suppose.

Complete the answers to tbe following questions. Use must, can't words you need.

might with any other

Can that be James phoning at this hour? It's gone midnight! It ..rn!eb.;J~f..hlrn,. He said he'd phone if he pasKd his exam. Who's that going into the shop? It ..I!U".g.. ti'f..~.~~Mr.'f.Âˇ .. They always do the floors before we optn. Is that your sister's fur coat? It _ _.._ __ _.._ _ _ __.. She never wears real fur. I can'r remember where I pm my briefcase. It _ _ __._ _ _._ _ _. You often leave it there. Where did Adam get that new guitar? He hasn't got any money. It _ _ __ __ _ _ _. After all, it was his binhday last week. 6 EDDY: Why did Moira ignote me at the party last night. YOU; She __ _ __ .. _ _ _._ _ _ She wasn't wearing her glasses. 7 FRED: Do you think Cindy told the boss I left work early yesterday? you: She _._. .. . __ She left early yesterday too. S HEIDI: Who was that man leaving the library? It looked like Peter. you: It _...._......._. .. . ._ _.. They are so alike that people sometimes mistake them for one another. HEIDI: Are you sure? I really thought it was Peter. you: It __ __._ . ._ __ .. He's in hospital. TONY: YOU: 2 SAUY: vou: 3 BILL: YOU: 4 OJVE: vou: 5 DINA: YOU:

Match the two hailles of these sentences. I 2 3 4 5 6

You You You You You You

can't have lived in Tunisia for ten years must know Tokyo is expensive must have met some fascinating people can't be tired must be exhausted may find it difficult to settle down

a b c d e f

after all your hard work. after touring the world for years. if you've lived there. without learning some Arabic. when you've just had a holiday. during your trip to Africa.

Write a sentence for each of these situations using mustlcan't1may/might (have). Yesterday was payday. I don't believe you're short of money already. â&#x20AC;˘.Y.QI,I..""'...t.h,.'(~.,.f.!II.~ .. ".l.I.~\.!J..p.,.Y.I.!.~fl.Y, ..

2 It was Linda's suggestion to go for a meal. Surely she doesn't think I'm going to pay for it all? She .lfII,,,..t.N.I:ljnk.J.'.m.a.Q!ne..tQ.. p.~.Y..f.Qr..J1.-..I.!,.... 3 George has been engaged to Kay for three months. Today he received a box with the engagement ring in it and all his letters to her. Kay . . 4 When Tina gOt back home. she couldn't find her purse. Perhaps a pickpocket stole it. A pickpocket __ _ , . S lsobel said she was short of money, but she's iust moved into a new flat! Her uncle owns

6 This parcel is making a ticking noi~ - throw it out of the window! I'm sure it's a bomb, It . ._ _.1 7 I don't know who would send me an alarm clock for a present. My brother sometimes plays practical lokes on ptople, so perhaps it's from him. It _ __ . 8 Anna's always such a punctual person. The meeting started half an hour ago but she's not here. I know the traffic's very bad this morning. _ _.__ _ . She ,

Mustln't) I needn't I shouldln't) I don't have to

Units 31-33

Choose the co"eCl form of the verbs. A JOHN: IRIS: JOHN: IRIS:

KEN: JO:

Can you help me with these leners? Must we do I Should we do them now? Can't they wait until the morning? o. 1m must baye posted I should have posted them this morning, really. Oh, all right then.

(II

Where's Sally? She

(JJ

must be I should be here by now. (4) must have misS('d I should have missed the

I don't know what's happened to her. She

tram. C MARY: Happy birthday. I've brought you a present. NEil: Oh, you (SI needn't bother I needn't have borhered, MARY: That's OK. Well, thanks very much. :'>:EIL: '>-

PETFR: RAY;

I'm going ro Neil's birthday party this evening. Do you think Il6) must I Qu~ht tQ take him a present? Well, yQU m mystn't I don't baye (0. I'm sure he doesn't expecr one. But personally I don't think you 181 should arriye I must arrive at a party without anything fQr your host.

E At Nell's party .... UL: Why isn't Andrew here? Is he

(00

busy?

''''"FI"'P

Fill the gaps ill the sentem;es with must(n't), needn't or should(n't).

1 We've run out of paperclips. I .. get some more in the morning. 2 You finish that repo" tonight if you're tOO tired. Midday romorrow is the deadline. 3 What are you doing here? .. you be at the meeting downtown? 4 He really _ have told his brother about this deal. It was supposed to be absolutely confidential. 5 You _ clean the office because we haven't been using it today, but could you tidy the shelves in the Storeroom, please? 6 You _ _ make so much noise. We'll be asked ro leave otherwise. _ _ have posted these yesterday 7 I'm going to be in trouble. 1 afternoon and I completely forgot. 8 You _ _ _ have typed this - a handwrinen note would have been quite adequate. 9 The meeting's finished. We _ __ _ _. find out what's bet'n decided any moment now. ~

Match the two halves of these sentences. I She should be working

2 3 4 5 6 7

She shouldn't stay in bed all day She shouldn't have fallen asleep She mustn't oversleep She doesn't have to get up yet She didn't need to rest She needn't have set the alarm clock

a when she was supposed to be working. b because she woke up early anyway. c but she's tOO tired. d or she'll miss her interview. e unless she's ill. f if she's not going to work today. g because she wasn't feelmg tired.

Complete the second sentence using the correct form of must, need, should or have to without changing the meaning. It is vital to wear a helmet when you ride a motorbike.

You .. rnlu~~..lY.OI.r..~..b.f.!m~.lY.h~o.:Jgy ..Ij.~.I\!.., .. m.Q:1::Q.d?!kf,... 2 I expect we'll get the contract because we offered the beSt price. We offered the best price so we .. 3 Ir isn't necessary for us to spend a long time in the museum if it's not interesting. We .. . 4 It was wrong of you to speak ro my mother like that. .. . You 5 She promised to phone me before lunch. It's seven o'c1ock now. ... by now. She .,., " . 6 I made far more sandwiches than we needed. .. so many sandwiches. I .. . 7 It路s essential that my father doesn't find out what I've done. My father 8 In my opinion it would be wrong for them to move house now. .. I don't think they 9 My sister offered me a lift so it wasn't necessary for me ro call a taxI. As my sister offered me a lift, I ..

(Don't) have to I should(n't) I had better (not) I ought (not) to :"t;

In some of the followmg sentences, should can be replaced by had \'(fnle the new sentence, or wnte no change.

Units 31, 33 and 35 ~ner.

Which ones are they?

I You should always lock the front door when you go QU[. .,M.Q.J;.HA~(l.l;... 2 I should leave now, or I'll miss my bus...rP... ~kJJ~~.y.~.X!l~:w ..,,,... ') I don't think people should keep petS if they don't have lime to care for rhem properly. 4 If you want (0 lake phoros while we're going round the museum, you should ask permission. We don't want (0 gel mto trouble. . _.... , _. __ _ __ _. . S Can yOli buy me some stamps when you go out? There should be some change in my purse if you haven't gal enough money. . _ _ ._ 6 I reall~ you must be surprised to find us here. Perhaps I should explain what's going on.

7 They shouldn't go sailing wday. The sea's rough and It might be dangerous. 8 People rcally shouldn't smoke when there are children around. It's such a bad example to ,....... . them. . Amza IS gwmg a colleague some ad/.!Jce abOllt a journey he is plannmg. Fill the gaps using had bener. should or have to. ~-----;c;;--;;--,-----:-;----,-c,--..,--,------;---, A ..... :-.:A: OK, well, as you haven't done this triP before I III h#.~ ~~~([..(!!h9..I,!!f1(. give you a few tipS to save you time and hassle. First, you 12) make sure you get to the airport really early because you always 13) . queue for ages at check·in. They really (4) .....•• introduce a more efficient system. but they won't. Anyway, then you I ~l •........ _ . , go through passpon control and so on. You 161, __ ••••••• take something good ro read because you'll have quire a long wair III rhe departure lounge. At least )'OU m . _............. . , be able to sit down there. That's anOlher advantage of being early. They (81 provide more seats, in my opinion. When your flight'S called, you 19'1 · follow an official out to your plane. You 110........ . ._... not take very heavy hand luggage because rou II carry it yourself and rhere aren't any trollers. E,'er}'one agrees there .121 be, of course, but there aren't. The flight is quite shott. You gel a meal, which you ,131 eat, even if ir's nor very appctlSlllg, because you have a long bus IOU me)' at the other end. The harel is nke. I'm sure you'll like it. Now, do .. ~ .. hn .. f t

~,,_~.: _ _ ~~

.1f*~;J1

Rewrite each of the sentences below beginning as shoW1l. Use (don't) have to, should (notl aT had better (not). It is compulsory to wear a helmet when you ride a motorbike. You ...MY.f...~..WRI".."..blrlm.~..~.~ ..Ii9."..J!..m.~!'If â&#x20AC;˘.....

2 It's advisable to check that aLi the windows are shut whenever you go out. You

- _

3 It's not acceptable to borrow money from people you hardly know. You

_._..:

_._

4 I suggest we keep the door shut in case someone sees us. __ _ __ _..__ _.__ _ _ _ _ We 5 Regular training sessions are essential if you want to succeed in athletics. You _._ __ . _ __ _ __ _._ _ 6 I don't think it's a good idea to wear that bracelet to school. It might get stolen. You __ _ __.._ __ _ _ _ __ _ __ 7 There is no extra charge for delivery. You __.._ __._.. _.__.. _ _ __ _ __ _ 8 Be sure to pick ~ tomatoes before they get too ripe. You .._ _... .. ....._ ..__.... ._.. _ ~

__ __ __ __ _

R~ad about the situtltions and writ~ sentences with ought to I ought not to. Some of th~ sentences are past and some are present.

1 Andrew is very upset. You shouted angrily at him.

You ..9:\Hlb1.~.:~_b.J.Y.f..~OQctb'.!:1.bJ.1!L. 2 Beatrice is in hospital. Her son hasn't ~n to see her. He ..0ft1b1.tg_lIQ..IM.If:f!f..bm"...... J I live in Edinburgh. You went there last week but you didn't visit me. You __ _ _._ __._ _ _._ _ _ -- . 4 Christopher has a new CD player. The children used it without his permission. They _ _ _ _ 5 The apple trees have lots of ripe fruit on them but no one can be bothered to pick it so it will be waSted. __ . Someone 6 Darren is five years old. He's playing with a box of matches. He . 7 You've bought a new kitchen gadget. You thought the manufacturers provided an instruction leaflet, but you can't find it. There . . 8 We called at our friend's house but she was out. We hadn't phoned her before we left home. .. We .

Should Complele each of the following sentenus twice. once usmg should and once using another structure. After such a hard march. the team captain insisted they ,J!.'hQ\J4J U1~,t:h!.l:\9.tLH.f.)' .... or ta~ U,i1"!9.6 eu,.y. or toqk thing., ~.f'y._. 2 The minister rejected her opponenr's demand that she ...

J My doctor explained that

it was vital I ...._...._...... __....

_----

4 Considering that he's always short of money. it's very odd that he

_--_ -_ _. _--_ __..__..__

.......• _ ....•..•

........

_.._

.................................

5 I don't think it'll ram, but you can borrow my raincoat If by any chance it 6 If you really want to get rich faSt, I suggest you

F,ll A

RfN: SUE: BEN:

SUE: BEN:

B FA)': Jill : FAY;

the gaps using the words given. There is usually more than one possible answer. Where's Jack? He promised to check these reportS with me. I saw him in the sales office a few minutes ago. It's essential (II (he I see) the reports. Shall I go and look for him? No, ~21. .._ _ _ (II not I bother). He'll probably tum up m a mmute. Are you going to stay in the office over lunchtime? _._. . _ (II check) these figures. Yes. If's imIX>rtant 'JI, We'll be using them in this afternoon's m~ting. Oh, right, yes. Look, (41 ••••••••••_........ ••• (Gareth I call), will you say I'm not avaIlable unrillomorrow? I really haven't got time for him today.

(II do)? _ _ .. (they I disappear) JUSt when you need them. Why don'r you ask Rose for a copy of them? \IlLK: I did. She insisted that m. . (II search) for them. TOM: She's so unhelpful. \tJO,:

1 can't find those files anywhere. What

(jJ..

TO.\1: 1 really don't know. It's absolulely typical that ~61

D GAil: Are you going to buy a house? liZ: .. Well, the bank's recommendarion is that 18) (we I wait). (.All: Why's that? lIZ: They say prices may fall later in the year. They suggest (we I rent) until the autumn. (,All : I suppose It'S only nalural nOl cautious.

191

........... (they I be)

Most of the following sentences contain a mistake. Correct them or write right. We were very

surpri~d

that Tom behave in such a rude manner

2 I asked a shop assistant for directions and he recommended try the touriSt information office.

J The police accepted the recommendation that they reduce the number of officers on duty. 4 If I can't leave my bags here, what do you suggest me to do with them?

5 I shouldn't go in there if I were you. They're having an argumenl about money

6 Should I be OUt when you call, just leave a message with my assistant?

If I do and If I did Units 25, 37 and 38 ~

Choose the COrTeel form of the verbs. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

If 1 miss/I'll miss the bus this ahernoon. I'll get a taxi instead. We'll have to go without John if he doesn't arrin / won't arrive soon. They won't refund / didn't refund your money if you haven't kept your receipt. Will you send me a postcard when you reach I you'll ccath Mexico? If I make some coff~, do you cut I will you cut the cake? Did you wprk I Wpuld you work harder if you were bener paid? If you don't complain' didn't complain so much, you might be more popular. Plea~ don't sign any contracts before I'm checkin&' I've cbecked them. Weren't my friends' Wouldn't my friends be envious if they could only see me now!

Fill the gaps in the sentences, using the words given. I If J had more money, ..w.l?wkot.Y.Q!,I.. rnl!l.!TY.. (you / marry) me? 2 He wouldn't help you if (he / not 'like) you. J ... (you I find) the machine is quite simple to operate if you look at the manual. 4 (your parents' not / be) proud if they could see you now? 5 If (II not' revise) thoroughly, I may fail my test. 6 If you wanted to buy someone a really good present, what sort of thing ...... ...................................................................................... (you I look for)? . (you' not / be) so mean. 7 You'd have a lot more friends if 8 How (you I feci) if you were in my position? . (you / can)? 9 Would you change your job if

Complete the questions in the conversatiollS. I don't

know what's happened to my dictionary. I've looked everywhere for it. What ..'!'!i!lY.QM.9.~L. if .. ~. t~Qn.l.fll1fl ..t1i:L EVA: I suppose I'll have to buy a new one. EVA:

SUE:

I'm thinking of applying for the manager's job. Really? How .. _ _.__ _._ _ _ if ._.._.... ..._ Oh, about 拢2,000 a year more than now, I suppose.

TIM: ANN: TI.\t:

MAY: LEE: MAY: u.E:

4 IAN:

PHIL: IAN:

PHIL; IAN:

_........

I don't know what I'm going to do about money. I can't even pay this week's rent. if __ _... _.__ __ ? Well, it would help, of course. But I can't borrow from you. Don't be silly. How much do you want? This room is so dark and dull. What if _ . White, I think. And I'd have white curtains. You'd spend a lot of time cleaning it. But at least I'd be able to see!

don't think I'm going to pass my driving test next week. What if . ? I won't be able to get the job I want at the warehouse. They said I must be able to drive.

5 BILL: I BEN:

BII.L:

LISa 1S talkmg to her tutor abollt what she might do when she leaves college. gwe" to make sentences. Do you have any plans for next year? Well, 11, II travel I if II afford It. But I don't have any money. I'd tr:av!!,I,!f.!.w-,,~14 a.f.f~u:'4.1h. .. nrrOR; '2, If you I find I a lob abroad I you I take it?

the words

nrrOR: USA:

......................... . USA:

TUTOR: LISA:

,31

they I not I treat I me well, I II be very miserable.

Yes. 161 You I have to be sure 10 use a reputable agency.

Yes, I am. Urn,

lSl

(7f

II get I you one if you I be interested.

if II decide I to apply I you I give I me a reference?

Of course. Well, I hope you succeed, whatever you decide to do. Thank you ver)' much. rUlet you know. lVrOR; Yes, I'd like that. Goodbye. U~A; Goodb)路e. n'lOR; u~

...:

_ _-_._.. _-

What about working as an 'au pair'? II only I consider I that If II be I sure about the family.

We have a list in the office. [I~,\;

(41

1~llf

nrrOR:

If it I be I somewhere I want to go III certainly I consider it carefully.

Write!' questions using if which might produce the following answers. 1 w.NI~ !!!Q!,!.w..YQV...~_Q..IttiLRj~.•WYf..Y.0L'..~.!w.m9.f'l:f# .. !!JI!~~!I!'*ll·d probably give it to my mother. 2 .? I'd share it with my friends. 3 _ _ _" _ _.... . _ _ ? I'd call the police. 4 , _ ? We'd get out as fast as we could. 5 _........ ,,,. . ? I'd ask my teacher's advice about it. 6 . ? He'd be extremely angry. 7 . ? She'd probably fall over. 8 . ? I'd be late for class. 9 . ? We'd sail around the world. _ , _.._ _ ? They'd never make any money. 10 11 _ ~ _ ,. . _ _. . .__? There'd be no more wars. H

_ _ •••••• _

•••••••••••••••• _

_ _ ••• _ . _ _ •

••••••••••••• _ _

•••• _ _

_ ••••••••••••••••••••••••••

.-~

Look at the questIons you UlTote for 74. Now write your own answers to some of your questions. I What would you do if someone gave you a diamond necklace? ..rIi!.."JI.I~.".n.~.~.Y.AI! ..l:!grH,.

2 3

. .

5 6 . 7 8 _. . 9 _ 10

_.._ _.. __ __ _ _ _ _ .._. _ _._ _ __ _................. ..

__ _ _....... _ _ __

_........ .

. _._

_ _

If I did and If I had done ~

. .

_.................. ... . .

Units 37, 38 and 39

Match the two halves of these sentences. I 2 3 4 5

If you are promoted

t::

If you If you If you If you

lost your Job were promoted hadn't been promoted had lost your job '~~;~A

a b c d e C

you'd be able to change the system. would you have left the firm? you won't be sacked. you won't get a reference. WIll you make any changes? '-'

•

Complete the fol/owing conversations. SEAN: JIM:

SEAN:

JILL: MIUY: jlU: MIUY:

SAM: MICK: SAM: MICK:

4 TIM: PAT: TIM:

PAT:

Why didn't you go to the party last night? wasn't invited. So .~.!~;tY.QM.hl.Vf..I1Q!1f ... if ~~.~.J.~... ? I

Jane's a very bright girl, isn't she? Yes. I _.. ..•..........__ _ _._ if •... ...__.. .. _ as bright as she IS. What would you do instead? I'd get a job dOing something exciting, where I'd meet interesting people and visit lots of different places. Why did you ask Veronica about her boyfriend? It really upset her. Weill didn't realiSt: they'd split up. You didn't know, then? Of course nm. If . Hey, look at that motorbike. What a beauty. Look out! Mind thai litter bin. Ouch! I've hUrl my leg. Serves you right. You . ........................................ if

:::-J,~'" C>

~~~~~0 5

BEN: JOE: BEN: JOE:

Can I have a sandwich? Well, I've only gor this one left. No one told me you were going to be here. If .. . . Of course I would. Remember to let me know next time.

6 JOHN: Do you love me? ROSE: You know I do. JOHN: ROSE: JOHN: ROSE: JOHN: ROSE: JOHN: ROSE:

Would But you're rich. I've just lost all my money. You're joking! Well, yes, I am. But if _ I'd say good-bye. Now you're loklng. Oh no, I'm nor!

........................................................................................_...1

.Ili:]'

Read the following letter. For each number, write a sentence, using if. Write your sentences be/ow the fetter.

P,.,. A'iwl,

Is,.,

"N.

It ••I/Nd to fr,,,.. Thnks f,r tht CllIJrdJtlAti,1lJ .d JflH .ishll. I'll /.SI tis,. '11 t, ,,~.,.Jit .M1J 1111 hilfC lit th, .,tJ"'ai. Of "NN' .,',., ",., ,scitli d'M! ldti"l ".. ,.,i,j•• ,u fr.,.tiu", bill! til, MtiuJI t, s.,_ YOII .sle h,. Wt Md. w,tt, it's fNit, .. fJlUf It"," P,,11l "M,,,.b,,. I I.a,i 01" .f ., fiul ,s."lj? 1lut '",..,." I lui t. //,,.1 /,.rt .f tis, 11l""fI,,. ix ,,11'1'.0) AI&~ tlut "".cd' ".dill', I' "" Julii_, "itla ",., fUlil,- n, tr."l ,,1ft/_tty Npm; t, /i" tU .. rtft"J btt.IUI ., '.1Ud/,1 tOf utt.lll I ••1 ,,,U, tt; II! d.d it. 11u1& I,Mtthill1 1Ii" MIl"";' I thillk flu t,.,,1 ~td ftlt /'"1 fIr "". b".lUi ht hd '.ild his /;11.41 ,s.", .ht" Iu ••s .. "td,d.IJI AIl".Y, Iu Is.l .. uu",Jldi,,.. '11 .. t'lI.r .hith It.rtt~ l.ttr i1& tlu IUl.tr. S. Iu ••1 dlt t, tr.1Uftr .y bHlcillf.141 I ••1 rt.lly !1"lt~. My f.thtr ••1 tN, .1 tr.1Uftrrillf tlu bHleillf .t.1&t thAt his .,IUY ••I1&'t btillf ••ltt~.(5f $" I .td '1& this t'Mr. AM I .tt this y'lI.llf •• 1&. Ht ••1 ,1& his '.1& tHo Ht t"~ ., hil Jirlfrit1&~ IMII.I~ hArt btt1& .itll hi., bll.t tluy'~ hA~ • " •• d Iht'~ rtfrm~ t, ".t.j6) Wt .trt tlu '1&ly 'UI tr••tllillf .I,IU, Sf .t f'II.M 'II.Nt"tl J,illf "Ild tht lifhtl t'fttlur.171 Nt W1&'t rtd d'llt tlu !um .t .trt .iJitillf n~ II!td .'It 'f .y tilfll ttllillf hi. d,d tht•. 1I1 Ad th.t ••1 it rt.lly. Wt fud .t'~ f.llt1& i1& I,.t. W.I1&'t it IMtley I f.ilt~ thAt tx••? ThAt'l 1tI. I .tt . , fMtllrt hlbn~!I'1 I .lUt rlUIl 'ff .M ~, I,.t IM!!illf. Will "Il u" n~ It., 1"1l-~ It'~ b, ".tly if "Il "Ilt~ ""tt ChArli,. Writt 1"1&. WhAt hA., "Il btt1& Il! t. rtWltl,? Ldl 'f Chtrry

N,.

".t,

If '~~L~~~.n:tfI!!I#4,.!?I:1~..9.f..h!!!.~ ..fi.m!i.I.. ~m~ ~.~I:I W!?~ld.':l'J;~,'(1!: h~,d ..to !I~n~. p~.I1..P.f t:t'!~..•.\J",,~!!!r..

.!I:\.",!'q~., ....

2 3 4

6 7

8 9

Look at the pairs of pictures be/ow and imagine yourself m each situation. Write what you would say using if. There may be several possibiflties for each palT. 2

I ....I<!n:~.......l;d"."'_!b.Jetf.U.L_ ~.•~n·~.m!.K<! ..~""' •• ~""._...._ .._....._.

Jr-----------,

® YESTERDAY

... )

H~nRl)_

9.30 A.M.

~{~

TODAY~ 1 must remember 10 phone and botM seats.

nus

AFH.RNOON

Do we need to stop for petrol?

~-~ No, we've got more than enough to get home.

Conditionals: revision ~

Complete the following sentences with your own ideas.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 IS 16

What will you do if you .m!H.~.J~!~!!iU H~'d Ix more mendly if he .[HJ~.J!f ..w.tr.t._ If I hadn't arrived, they .1.r'WW.tft.~_kn0!m..J!!'N1.t1?.t#.g..... If I lend you this book, .!rl11.)'9.V.jf.!'If.~..(;.«I.f.t.gfJ~ ? You wouldn't have felt ill if you _ If she didn't gossip about her friends, she Would you forgive me if I What would happen if I If he had listened to my advice. he .. If you were asked to work overtime, If they ask you for money•....__ __ Would you have sold your car if __ If you see my brother, _ _ They wouldn't mind if we .._ _ _ She'll soon feel better if she If you had been arrested _.

Now look at th~ situations examples alr~fully.

tkscrib~d

_._

,,_ _

_ . .

_.? _?

_ . _

_ _ __

._ _ _.

below. For eat;}, one,

writ~

_? _

_ _ __ _? _._ __ _ _1 ._ _.._ _..__ __ _--:~: _ .. _ ._ _,

a sentenu using if. Study th~

17 You should take more exerciS(: because that's the way to get fit. If you ..~~f..ml?r.f..~I." .... you Jl.a~..fu,..... 18 Road travel is cheaper than rail travel in this country. As a result we have lots of traffic jams. If road travel ..w.f.r.f.":Unf.t1:H.~b.f.f!p.f:I.L~r.U:f!1L~Y.~! ..\Il..~.r." ..(;O.y!:l.kt.. we ...w.9.Mkl:nl..b,~..... so many traffic jams. 19 Cutting down rainforests has caused many unique plants and animals to become extinct. Many unique plants and animals _'!m.Y.!~.!ft.hw.to:~l!I.lf~.~.if prople

•."".....

_.bo<l~_,~_

I~.

20 I can't take much exercise because I don't have enough free time. If I _ _ __ __ more free time. I _ __ _ . 21 Many prople didn't n=aliS(: that smoking was dangerous when they were young. Now they are middle-aged they are having S(:rious health problems. If people they _ _ _ now they are middle-aged. 22 Hardly anyone was concerned about pollution in the 19605. The first motorways were built then. The first motorways . if more people .. in the 19605. 23 The schoolchildren sowed some seeds, but they forgot to water them so they didn't grow. The seeds __ __ _ _ if the schoolchildren . 24 It's important to protect wildlife now or there will be nothing left for future generations. If we __ _ _.. _. there _ _ _ _ for future generations. 25 People don't realise how important it is to conserve energy. so they do nothing about it. If prople __._..__. .._ _._ __.. they .._ something about it. 26 Many poor farmers are encouraged to grow crops to sell instead of food. This means they have problems feeding their families when prices fall. If DOOr farmers __ _ __.._ _ _ instead of food. thev

I wish .••

Units 38, 39 and 40

Look at the pictures and write what each person wishes. using the words given. 2

Ix I tall and strong

Lw:i.,l\J..w.fP.f.1f.I!tf.OO k!<'.OO, or l!!!ifh..!......

shave off Ilxard

~.~_~.!I.I.~ ..Itk.0:lA

1...,;•.b.r.4.~""."""'o.ff..!t!Y.....r~,.._

3,--------------, I wisJJ ... '-

have I car

work I office

live I with my son

can I swim

not {listen { hairdresser

not { live {city

IOr-----------1

be { helicopter pilot

work { harder

Bernie and Martin share a room at college, Read what they say about each other, then write sentences beginning 'l wish he would/wouldn't ,â&#x20AC;˘. ',

It's dreadful having to share a room uith Bernie, He's so untidy.' His books are aD over theploa, h e _ washes his coffee cup, he leaves dirty clothes around the room - it's such a mess I con't work. And he comes in late in the et'eTling w}/Rn I'm tr)ing to sleep and IUs in bed watching

The trouble uith Martin is that he net," relaxes. He's always

u'Orking and he's alu'aj's badtempered. He doesn 'J teD me u:hat's wrmzg, he just sulks. Alld he interferes with my possessions. He m()f)eS my books around so I can't find tJlem.

te/nision. I can't stand it! Bernie

Martin says .J..I'tI,.tl..~W.t~.!!'l'.1l111~.I:1:~ ..I.MY.t.I:'lIf:.~kt..I!I.!!.9.v.tr..~f.. f?.I.. .~,..

..............................

;;

Complete tbe COnL'erSilltO,tS with a sentence using wish. SUE:

My mother's really angr)' with me.

PA.\I:

Why? lkcauS(: she found out I left my job. Oh, yes. J IOld her that. Well, I ..~.,h.Y.9.11. hace:!!.I.'t; toI4.JI~.! .... It's none of your business. I'm sorry.

SUE: PA.\\:

SUE: PA.\!:

2 TO:--''Y:

A:""A: TONY: ANA: TO:-''Y:

Have you seen James's new Jacket? I bet it was expensive. He told me it COSt him ÂŁ500. I _ _ .. Well, you may not be rich, bur you're much better looking than James. Am J?

3 GARY: You seem to enjoy dancing with [jonel. JAI'E: Yes, I do. He's a very good dancer. _ .. . _ _ _ when I was young. GARY: I JANE: You could learn now. GARY: Oh, I'd feel stupid 10 a danclOg class at my age. 4 FVA: .\IA Y:

EVA: MAY:

I went to Norway laS( month. Really? My brother's living in Oslo now. I I could've visited him. Yes, It's a pity. You must tell me if you have to go there again.

My parents moved fO New York last month. How do they lIke it? FRFD: My mother likes it, but my father misses their old home. He Perhaps he'll get used to it. JAN: FRFD: I doubt it. FRED:

JA]\;:

6 "A Y; JILL:

"AY: JILL:

My brothers are digging a SWimming-pool. That sounds like hard work! It is. Actually, I suspect now. There's a great big hole in the middle of the garden. Yes, I see what you mean.

But they can't StOP

The passive

.-rJ

U.lits 41, 42 and 43

Complete tbe sentences using words from each box. build

paint

design

writ~

invent

ftl!Htte'

discover

EO...? (hi! Ri!:t1 Guglielmo Marconi the Ancient Egyptians Crick and Watson Picasso George Orwell Gustave Eiffel I 2 3 4 5 6 '-::~,;:;..., 7

Greenland ..w.~.f..n~m~.P:t.l:rle Ammal Farm. .. The Pyramids The wireless .

~~ ~~ â&#x20AC;˘...

,..,

. .

Guemica

The Statue of Liberty The structure of DNA

. ,., .

~ PI" the verbs in the presellt per(ut tense. active or passwe (has done or has been done).

-i~#.~~~.- -rfi{ .... (the tree I cut down) .'f.tI.~.~.~.~..~.~ ..':~.4~~. 56

(she I ask out)

......................•...••••• ......................... ........"

(the dishes I wash)

.................... (the puncture I mend)

A"," WEEKS ....GO

........._

_._

_ (he I retire)

Un,1s4142"1443

-_ _

_-_ _ _

_..·

............._-.......

Uane Jones I elect)

................ ... (he I sting)

\"t,i~

<t~" ,""",'"_"

................... ............ ..........••.. ...... .......... .......•.•. II

........... .._..... .....................-

. ........ .......... ....

(he I arrest)

.....••••..................... ..................... ...................... ....................._.- .............•.•......... - ..........••.........•.-_....... (they I pass)

"'-

Rnmite the following newspaper report using passive forms of the verbs underlined.

DARING RAID AT LOCAL HOTEL Thieves 1lI held the manager of the

Ridgeway lIOTel at gunpoint last night during a daring raid in which they (21 .t2Qk nearly ÂŁltO,OOO

from the hoter8afe. They also

m broke into several of the bedrooms and (4) removed articles

of value.

The thieves made their escape through the kitchen. where they (5) damaCrd several rtt~~t of equlpmen . They I') in u the chef when he tried to 5 op em and In kfi him lying unconscious on the l'IOOr. PoUee (~ted the thieves early this ma .

I ..Th.ÂŤ_m~.!'!J.9l!:r..~.~h~ ..J!:.~9~~Y...t1.p.~I. l . 3 4

Put the lIeTbs

2 3 4

5 63nd 7 8

'l'.,.".. h~kI.. I!I:;.B",o~.l.l'!~ ..!~."t.!l~hf:-! .. .

. .

.. In

the COrTect (onn.

I've collected all the documents that _.._..................... ..._............................ (need) for the house sale. Can you take them to the lawyer's office to _ __ (sign)? Look. this is a secret. Come into the garden where we _ . ......................... (not I overhear). If you hadn't been so late for work. you (sack). . This office is very inefficient. The telephone . (keep). (never I answer) promptly, no proper records and, worst of all, no reports (written) for weeks. I was so worried about my garden white I was in hospital, but I have very good neighbours. When I got home I could see that the vegetables __ _ . (water) every day and the grass __.._ (cut) regularly. Can you come to the police station? The man who .._.._ _. (suspect) of stealing your wallet _ _ _ _ _ (arrest). and ................_ __.._ (question) at the moment. The police hope he .........................................._ _ _ (identify), either by you or another wimess. We had hoped to see several famous paintings. but the gallery ._ _ _ . ................................................... (re-organised) at the time of our visit and most of the really valuable works (move) for safe keeping.

Un'ls ~1 42 and 43 â&#x20AC;˘ ..".,.. ~

Most of these sentences contain one mistake. Correct it or write right. My neighbour is very proud of her new grandson who born last week. 2 I'm very fond of this old brooch because it was belonged to my grandmother.

3 My family Jive in Scotland but I was educated in France _ 4 I'm afraid I can't lend you my camera. It's repairing this week _ _ 5 The bridge was collapsed during the floods but fortunately no one was using it at the time. 6 If you aren't cardul what you're doing with that hammer someone will hurt in a minute! 7 The word 'stupid' was in my report but it wasn't referred to you

8 I'm sorry I'm late. I got held up in the traffic _._._ _ 9 When did you discover that the money had been disappeared? 10 Children under the age of seven do not allow in this pool.

_ _

_ __ __ _ _ __

_ _.. _ __.

~ Complete the sentences. If possible, use a tense of the verb get. Otherwise use the lIerb be.

2 3 4 5

6 7

8 9 10

.-IiI

Rewrite the sentences beginning in the way shown. Do not use by unless it is important to the meaning.

2 3 4 5 6

I never found that book we were looking for. It __ lost when we moved house. After the way he behaved last time he went to [heir house it's unlikely he asked there again. Naturally this vase is expensive. Aher all, it believed to be over three hundred years old. I phoned to explain what had happened bur I .. ..... CUI off before 1 could finish. There isn't any cheese left; I'm afraid, il.................... eaten by Ihe children. He was a well-known expert on animal diseases and his opinions greatly respected. The competition is stiff and she'll be thrilled if her design chosen. The book torn when [he children started fightmg over who should read it first. Please don 'I touch anything on my desk. You employed to answer the telephone, not to tidy the office. She was quite friendly at first, then she.... . promoted and now she doesn'l care about us any more.

The company has cut all salaries. All salaries .hJ!.v".. ~~n.I(.\.lL. The bank manager kept me waiting for half an hour. 1... . Employers must pay all travel expenses for this training course. All travel expenses for this training course Do you suppose your brother could have written such a letter? Do you suppose such a letter _ They use a computer to do thal job nowadays. A compuler _ _ _._ During the recession, the firm was making people redundant almOSI every week. During the recession people . _ _ _

? _ _

. ..

7 Nobody informed the police that there had been a mistake. The police 8 Where will your company send you next year? Where will you 9 The news about the famine distressed Josephine. Josephine _ __ 10 I've still got the camera because no one has claimed it. I've still got the camera because it _ ] 1 Has anyone ever asked you for your opinion? Have you _ _._ __ _ 12 The children shouldn't have opened that parcel. That parcel . .. _ _ _ 13 All visitors must wear identity badges. Identity badges .._._ _ _ .._ __

. __

_ _

? _

_._

. ..

Put the verbs mto a SUItable tense m the passive.

Mary has just arrived home from work. Neil is already there. MARY: NElL: MARY: NEIL: MARY: NEIL: MARY:

NEIL: MARY: NEIL: MARY: NEIL:

MARY: NEIL: MARY:

NfJL:

Hi! I'm back. Sorry I'm late. Hello. Whal kept you? (stick) m a I had 10 use Ihe (Jng road and I 111_. traffic 13m for forty minutes. Why didn't you use the usual route? (close) until work on the Because the road (1) (complete). access road to Ihe new hospital (31 When is It due to (4) ..â&#x20AC;˘................â&#x20AC;˘. (finish)? Well, the access road (jl. (open) by the Mayor next week, according to the newspaper, and the Health Minister (6) . ... (invite) to open the hospital on the same day, but they don't know yet whether she's definitely coming. A lot of money I?) (waste) if she doesn't come. Why's that? . Haven't you seen all those rose bushes that (8) (plant) round rhe hospital? So? They'll be lovely for the patients. But the patients won't be able to see them, because they're round the entrance, and the wards look out in the other direction. A lot of people protested about it, but all their complaints (9) (ignore) until it was tOO late. If they had money to spare, itllO) (spend) on facilities for patients, nOl on making the front look pretty for the Minister. Absolutely. It's typical of this local council. They (11) . (elect) to save money, but they do just the opposite. Perhaps they (Ill (throw) out at the next election. I hope so. Now, are you ready for supper?

Umls41 423nd43

!II

Read this letter from Maurice, who is on holiday in Britain, to his sister Sally in New Zealand. Put the verbs in Q suitable tense, active or passive.

P,.,. S.ll'i

H,,, .rt ,,,l! W,'., bll,.. u,illf • 1,.tI, ti",,_ W,'rt b,illf ",., ",11 'Hkd .ft"

i, 'M' ItHts. W,

(t.Iu) 11lhtlllillf.d ", (2 _..... . (i,.t~.UI) t, 1''''' .f tlui, f,i,d,. ,,11. cJ. . _........................ . (M.ltt) JU fill PI" ",U'M'. hIt ,.i/ht ", ,4' .. (Ih,.) NlKd • ,.,tl,. b, th, '"JU'! MOlt.f tlu i,. thi, .rt. (5) (btl'IIf) to hil fUllil, fer d'd fi" futdrt. ".71. AII.rt,.tl,. th, I.,.d (Ii)........ . (/i,,) t, th,,,, .ft" OM of hil .,.wtoN f7) , (kill) "hil, t"i,./ to I." th, killf'l lif', fl.Kit, "",.di" il,.'t it? TIt, '.Itll itllif ••1 • littl, iit iil.lIoidillf. to i, d/oIKt,l, ho,.,lt. TIt, t,l. lU th.t it lS) . (/Nff,,.) l"j,lU i.",./, iu,.i"l • fi,., dout thi,.t, ,U'I .1" Wh,,. it 19) (mt'rt) th" lIO) (di) "d,.1 h,di"l .d thi,./llik, th.t. S, ,,.,, )"U'rt i1CJi., it (111 (,.,t f",) MN,h iiff'Nd to oth" '.'1'. ,Ii h,ulI. But th, ,w,." il • rId ,h.,..,t,,.. H, t,li KI lots of Ito,.i'l dod thi"11 thd 02). (h.II''') to hi", wh'l! h, W.I ,'KIIf. H, lIJ)............ . (I,d) d,.o•• to .o,.k i,. • iu.k, ht h, hd,i it, I' h, (l4l (b,h.,,) "" idl, i,. "i" t, Cl~l (I.ck). H, k'lt NJ I.Nlhi"l f,r h,uN. , h'I' h, Cll-.. ••••••••••••••••....•••.•.••.••.••••. (i,.,it,) h,rt i'f'rt ., I,.". I'll h." lotI "'", t, t,ll )"JI. "Iu,. ", 1" b.,k. T.kt ,.rt. YOIlN .ffuti,utll" M.u,.i" 111

_._ _

I.,..

,w,."

u.,

Complete tins COnllersatlOll With t'erbs

a slIItable tellse, actIVe or passive.

Cindy and Petra are members of a volleyball team. CINDY:

PETRA: CINDY:

PETRA:

aNDY:

PETRA: aNDY: PETRA:

aNDY: PETRA:

Why wasn't Clare at the training session? Haven't you heard? She ••.. p..~.~".. ~.I:H:P..WJ':' ... (n out for stealing. No! Really? Yes. She (21 taking money from someone's bag in the changing room. Who by? The sports dub manager. She (jl through the changing room when she (4), .. Clare with Karen's bag. Oh dear. That's terrible. Clare said she (51 , to fetch the money by Karen but when Karen llil about it, she said she (7) . (not) what Clare was talking about. But how stupid of Karen to leave money in the changing room! Ye>. She (.1_ _ _ _ that by the manager too. She (~I _ _._ __ _ _. (not) it again, anyhow. No, I guess not. What do you think Clare (101_ _ now? I don't know. This is the s«ond dub she CII) __ _ .. to leave, isn', it? Yes. It's hard to know what can (121_ for someone like Clare.

Unl15 ~1 42 ~nd 43

---

Look at the picllIres and complete the letter explaining why Thomas decided not to stay in BrinmOllth for his holiday.

Pt., Yi1Ut,

, u/tet ",.'" Illrj,.iJt~ I'M ut .riti1tf !m,. 'rillM'''''', I .tMt thtN, ht Itft d.,lt i.Mt~j.ttl,. y,lt ""lIMb,r wild. {"itt.lnH)' 114" it ,.Jt~ t, btl Will, .lull. J tllIn, I f'lH&~ it h.s 'Mllft~ u'"I'tttl,.

$,., b,ys

(1)

.1!!~.':'f.riP.lflB

h, •• 'Ct. h,ttl. 141.

."dt

w.ot,rbiJus cl,"f flu sed. Tht in

n, It.ti",. ,

15) ... ,

Ill.

_ .,

_.................

121

has b!l'<!:"_r:tgl.,~~(L . Tht f"4fSiit

.!.rk. for t'Nrist hltl. All ."""IIMtd '11 tht I.rlc. 'hjl~rt1( 1M.

,jito lUlU i", tilt .".dt. iud'Mtlu e/lY"',,,. A "",t17W4, 181 . nit St. (91 N. fish nOI.

'lit ~~

",r tilt hill. with idwltri.J w_stt three yUN si,m tht".

. ._...............

-J'.

P'I('t y.w thiltk it's sd? Su y.w S.I1I(,

n.lft_s

Have something done ~ Replau the phrase underlined with the structure have something done. 1 I didn't recognise Sheila. The hairdresser's dyed her hair...~bl.~,"..~.. b~r:.b.f1Jr. ..~., ... 2 I've: been getting a lot of annoying phone calls, so the telepbone company is &QiO(~ to chaDet my Dumber, _ _ _ _ _ 3 Gabrielle broke her leg six weeks ago but she's much better now. In fact the doctors should be [akiae tbe plaster off tomorrow _ __ 4 Since Rowland made a lor of money, he's not content with his little cottage, so 3D an:hjtect's desi~ned him a fine Dew house __ _ _ _._ __ 5 This room gets too hot when the sun shines so ~ettin~ someone IQ fit blinds aD the

windows. __

__.__.._

_ .._

6 I heard that Mrs Green didn't trust her husband so she hired a detroive

....._

_ .....................â&#x20AC;˘...._

follow him!

7 We don't really know what Shakespeare looked like. I wish he had asked SQmeone to paint his portrait befQre he died.._ __ _. __._._ __ _ _ 8 My slstrr had always been self-conscious about her nose so she decided to go to a clinic fur an operatiQn which will straidtten it. . _........................ . ..

Questions

.:J

Tony IS bemg intervIewed {or a ,ob. Look at tbe interviewer's notes and Tony's answers, tben wTlte the questions she IS askmg Tony.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

age? live locally? address? when !Ieave school? which school! go? work I now? who I work for? how long? enjoy I present job? why I want !Ieave?

..tI~.Il\4 ..f!I.r:fI..Y~"' ? ............................................................................................ ? ........................................................................................... ? ............................................................................................. ? ..........................._ ? .........................._ ................_ _ _ -_ _ .......__ _

_ _ _

? ? ? ? ?

I'm 18. Yes, I do. 5, Flower Close. Last year. Iknham School. Yes, I am . Millers Limited. For six months. Yes, I do. The pay isn't good.

Sonia Schmidt is phoning to book a hotel room. Complete the conversation by putting tl,e words in brackets in the correct order.

RECEPTlONIST: Good morning. Blakeney HOlel. Hello. My name's Schmidt. I'd like to book a room please. SONIA: RECEPTIONIST: Certamly. (slaying I how many IlIghls I you I be I will?) (I) ..I:ipw mfll:t.YJ'!lght5 will Y9~ ..~.~~yi.n41

Three. Stanlllg next Thursday. SONIA: RECEPTIONIST: Yes. we have rooms available. Double or slllgle? Double please. (available I is lone I with a sea view?) SONIA: (2)

..... . .......••.••

. ......................•...

RECEPTIONIST: Yes. By Ihe way, (have I about I Ihe special offer I we are running I you I al the

moment I heard?) U)

SONIA: No. RECEPTIONIST: It's four nights for the price of three. (don't I take I ill advantage I you I why lof) (41

SONIA:

••••

(have I for it I what I I I to I do I to qualify I do) (S)

................•.•.•

........... ?

RECEPTIONIST: JUSt confirm your reservation in writing and pay a ten per cent deposit. SONIA:

(be I much I would I that I how?) (6)

RECEPTlONIST: £ 15. SONIA: Yes. I think I'll do thaL (10 I make I the cheque I who III should I payable?) 11) .. .

RECEPTlONIST: SONIA: RECEPTlON!ST: SONIA: RECEPTlONlST:

The Blakeney HOlel. OK. I'll post il today. Thank you very much. We'Ulook forward to Stting you. Thank you, Goodbye. Thank you.

~ Brian has decided to ;oin a Health Club. First, the instructor helps him to plan his fitness programme. Complete tbeir conversation by writing the instructor's questions. You should read the whole conversation before you begin.

INSTRUCTOR: OK, Brian. Let's find out how fit you are. First of all, III h0lt'..Q~.Jlr.ff.)!~.Y ... ? BRIAN: I'm thirty-two. INSTRUCTOR: And (21 __ ? BRIAN: About seventy-five kilos. INSTRUcrOR: And (3) •••••••• _ _................••••••.•..•._ __ ? BRIAN: One metre eighty. INSTRUCTOR: {41 __ __ _._ ? BRIAN: I'm a bus driv~r. lNSTRUCTOR: R~ally? So, ($J .._ _ _ _..__...................•_ _ •••••••..............••.••••_ _ ? BRIAN: Wtll, I rah somt txtrcist, but it's not regular. lNSTRUCTOR: (61_.. _ _ .._ .._ ? BRIAN: No, I havtn't dont any span sinct I left school. I JUSt work in tht garden and somttimts go for a walk on my day off. INSTRUCTOR: I Stt. (7) •••_ . _ ..•_ _._ _.._.._...••••••_••••_ _ _.•.••••_•• ? BRIAN: Wdl, yts. I admh I do. Not more than a packtt a day, though. INSTRUCTOR: That's quitt a 1m, actually. (') _ __ __.._ _._ ? BRIAN: I tritd onct, about a year ago, but I gOt so impatitnt I ntady crashed my bus_ INSTRUCTOR: Wtll, perhaps wt can givt you somt htlp. h's rtally imponant, you know. Com~ with mt and I'll do a few checks and [hen we'll mah a plan for you. BRIAN: OK. Thanks.

~ Complete the conversatIons /Ising the words given.

GRAHAM: ANDREW:

Do you know .. ~.h~D:I .. m.Y.fQ9.1~~.!!..I?~.f. .... r.IL? (football boots) In your spans bag, I expect.

CUSTOMER:

Can you tell me (this jacket) £59.99.

ASSISTANT:

ELIZABETH: LIBRARIAN:

I'd like to know ,.", (books about Russia) They're on the third shelf, beside the window.

..................... -...

Do you happen to know (the laS[ bus) 1 think it leaves at half past ten. MAUREEN: _ 5 ALEXANDER: Could you explain (this coffee machine) It's quite simple. You put a coin in here and press the red knob. ELEANOR: I can't understand __ _ _ TERES....: 6 (the car) You've run out of petrol, that's why! .\tARGARET: Please could you tdl me __ _._ _ 7 RlCHARD: (the manager's office) RECEYllOl\o1ST: It's on the first floor, at the end of the corridor. Do you know __ _ _..__ __ _ 8 PHILIPPA: (the first Olympic Games) W1LUAM: 776 Be. I can't remember __ _ _ __ _ 9 DUNCAN: (your sister) She was seventetn last March. CATHERINE:

KENNETH:

[!J Fmd the mIstakes and correct them. If there is no mistake, write right. I Have ever you bttn to Thailand? __ _ __.._ 2 What means this word? _ 3 How much COSIS it (0 fly 10 Australia from here?

4 We can'l remember where did we put our passpons. 5 Had the play already staned when you got 10 the theatre? ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 6 Now, come and sit down. Would you like to explain whal is the problem? ............................................................................................................................................................................ 7 How long did it you take to gel here? 8 Now I understand why didn't you tell me about your job! 9 Excuse me. Can you tell me where the dictionaries are?

............................................

10 Why people in your country don't show more respect to the elderly? ...................................................................................................................................................................................................

Reported speech

E1II

Units 46 and 47

Last week you had lunch with Rachel, a friend you hadn't seen for a long time. Look at the list of thmgs she said to you, then tell another friend what she said. Use reported speech. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 II 12 13

Rachtl

Tell

yOJIf

I'm going [Q work in Spain n~xt y~ar. I work for a small publishing company. I'm their marketing manager. The company has opem:d an office in Barcelona. It's been very successful. I've been chosen to run a new office In Madrid. I'm studying Spanish In the evenings. I don't have much time to enjoy mysdL I haven't had lunch with a friend for ages. I hope my friends will come and viSit me In Madrid. I went there last week with my secretary. We didn't have much time for sightseeing. I have to get back 10 work now.

{"end what Rachel SOld:

I.,. YOU 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13

Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel Rachel

said ".~~..W.~.,".BP'i!"9 ~ ~_9.r.k ..i.O..$..p.i~!.t'),nro y'~ar路 scud said said ._ ".., . said. said. said .. said ,................................... . . said. said .. said. . . said . said " .

lAst week Julius had flu afld had to call the doctor. When he was back at work, he told a colleague about what the doctor said to him. Look at the things his doctor said, then write down what Julius said to his colleague. Chaflge the teflse of verbs oflly where necessary.

I 2 3 4 S 6 7 S 9 10 11 12

You have a high temperature. You don't look after yourself properly. You've obviously been ill for several days. You can't go to work. You're much tOO thin. You don't eat sensibly. You need to stay In bed. You don't keep your nat warm enough. You've gOt a nasty cough. You can phone me if you feel worse. You'll fed bener in a few days. You n~d a good holiday.

What d,d Julius say to h,s colleague?

I 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 10 II 12

She said ...l..b... ~.,.. /:I.!6.h.~mp.ll:rj!l.t"'I~., ... She said ..J.. p..9.!:l:k..l.QQk.".fH.r:..my.~.~.tf..prQp.ll:r:I.Y,... She said . She said She said _ She said . She said. . She said .. She said _ She said _ She said _........... She said ._ _

_ . _

__.. .

. _

.. .

_ . _................ .

E1EI

John bad a row with his girlfriend, Julie. His friend Mark tried to help them get back together, and talked to julie for John. Complete the conversation he had later with John.

Ju1le, John's asked me to talk to you. I don't want (0 speak to him. MAR"': Look Julie,lohn's really Uj>Ser. JUUE: I'm upset, too. MARK: Will you juSt let me tell you his side of the slory? JUUE: I'm not interested. He promised to meet me at the restaurant, but he didn't turn up. I don', want (0 sÂŤ him again. ....tAR... : But, Julie, his car had broken down. JULIE: So? There is a telephone in the restaurant. ... tAR).;: But thar's the pomt. He tried to phone, but he couldn't gel through. MAR"':

JULIE:

I don't believe he tried .

.\tAR),.:

Yes, he did. He came to my flat. Do you believe me? [Q him. Lislen, I'm going (0 be btl' for work. I'll mCe( hml at six o'clock in the square. Thanks, Julit'. Hc'll be really hJppy. And I promise he'll be (here.

JULIe: \lAR~;

OK. I'llralk

JOIlN: What did she say? MAR~: She said she (11d.!(;I.!'!'ÂĽ"I'!II_!'!:;.:~.. Hl.!~,,~.y'9.I,.k JOHN; Well, what did she say when you told her I was rcally upset? MARK:

JOHN; MARK:

JOHN: MARK:

She said she (21 """ too, so I asked her to let me tell her your side of the story. She said she (31 " "." ,,, .. because you (41 at the restaurant, but you (51.. . She said she (6) again. Did you explain about the car? Yes, and she was very sarcastic. She said there (71. _ " " " _ at the restaurant. So J told her you couldn't get through, but she said she (81 _ ..................................................................................... Then I raid her you'd been (0 my flat and asked if she believed me. She said 'OK' and she said 1'1 ... Then she said she (l0l........................... .... _, so we had to finish. You have to meet her in the square at six o'clock. Thanks, Mark. I really owe you one. That's all right. Just don't be late this evening.

You've ;ust arrived at a botel for a holiday. It's not the same as your travel agent told you it would be. Look at the pictures m your travel agent's brochure and tell the mmJager what you expected.

IMPERIAL HOTEL

Thl!' tr.a.짜!!,1 ;:Ial!!n.~ CI~.l~ t~,.r~"W;:l,",.a.

2 He said 3 He 4 5

.CllldmmJnQ.p.Q!?!, . .

. .

6 7 8 9 10

Look back at your answers to exercise 96. After his interview Tony told his friends what he bad been asked. Check your answers to exercise 96 then write them as reported speech.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

E!:I

She: asked She asked She asked She asked She asked She asked She asked She asked She asked She asked

me me me me me me me me me me

__--_ ~

_•••••.............._

......................•..•.....

RewTlte the seUlences begmnmg in the way shown.

'Where are you going?' asked Tom. ..TQ.!T.I.. J!I,".kll:~ (m.~) lYh,.r.f.J~A~ ..9.Q!!'1a•....

2 'Where are you going to spend the holiday?' asked Mike. Mike asked _ . 3 'What will you do when you leave school?' said Jennifer. . Jennifer asked. 4 'How did you know my name?' the nurse asked the doctor. , , . The nurse wanted to know 5 'Do you have an appointment?' said the clerk. .. The clerk asked 6 'Have you seen my car keys?' said Bernard to his wife. .. Bernard wondered , 7 'Why didn't Isobel phone me?' asked her brother. Isobel's brother wanted to know........... . . 8 'Will you carry my bridcase for me please, James?' said Richard. Richard asked , , . 9 'When can I see the doctor?' Charles asked the receprionist. Charles asked ,, , , __

_..

Unll! 46 41anrt 49 . .

Anna has ;IISt met Colm Boyle, a singer she admires lJery milch. She is telling her boyfTlend, Ian, abollt the meeting, and he wants to know exactly what Colin said to her, and what she said to hIm.

Well, what was he like? Was he friendly? What did he say? He was really friendly. It) He asked me who! was, Then what? m He asked me where! came from. And what did you say? Ill! told him I came from Dublin of course. Then 44) he said that was wherc he was born lQQ.. Then l.n J told bim I'd been a fan of his for aies. and (61 he said be was YCO' Oanered, and then PI he asked whether I was iojni to the cancea 10D!iht. So C81l..121.d him we wanted to bur we hadn't been able to iet lICketS. because tbey'd sold all but tbe most expensIYe ones and we couldn't afford those. And did he give you some tickets? IAN: 0, he didn't. But 191 be did ask the concert hall maoaier if we could ban some at the A;"'NA: cheaper pnce. And the manager s:ud, 'Yes'!

IAN: ANNA: IAN: ANNA: IAN: ANNA:

Now wrtte ~xactl)' what AmJa and Col", SOld. I Calm said: Whp fire you? 2 Cohn s.lId: 3 Anna s.lId: 4 Colm said: 5 Anna said: 6 Cohn said: 7 Calm 5J.ld: 8 Anna 5J.ld:

9 Cohn said:

E1II

Complete the sentenus with the correct form of say or tcU. I ...P.14.ww..t:m.l.... your brother the truth about that money? 2 What (you) to Wendy last night? She looks terribly upset this morning. 3 Is something wrong? Can you me about it? 4 My little sister kept asking me _ _ her a $lory but I couldn't think of one. S If I asked you [0 marry me, what _ (you)? 6 I never know what __ _ _ to people when they pay me a compliment. 7 Don't worry, I'm surt everything will go smoothly. Anyway. the manager _ _ to call him if we had any problems. 8 I'll never speak to him again after aU the Lies be _ _ _ me last weekend. 9 If I were you, I _ _ __ __._.. (not) anything to the police about your suspicions until you have more evidence. 10 Promise you _._ __ __ _.__ (not) anything to my parents. They'll be furious if they find out what J've done. 11 I _ _ _ _ _ (already) you. I don't know where your diary is. 12 Please __ _ __. you'll forgive me. I'm really sorry for all the trouble I've caused. 13 I'm ready to serve the meal. Can you ._ __ the children to go and wash their hands. please?

EJ]J Complete the letter with the correa fonn of say or tell.

'Zka,

SuphattiL. J'Ht hlfltltt~ to (11.HIL.l(ou a6cut the dlscuSSiott J had ",,-th Htl( tath£'l last

h'Uktttd. We talked tot stl1nallwuts tV1d J (21 ..•...........•...•........._ ...............•.............. hiHt aU about tht plattS l«'l1t Htadt tot out bUSittess. At ti'lSt, he ~aStt 't lit'll( ittU'llsttd. hI! (J) he didtt't thlttk Nt Nt'll old eMu~h to tUtt a bUSltttss. J-(011Jtl1t'l, J (4) hiHt that I1Jt had al'ltadl( SUtt the [,attk Htatta~tt. k7ho (51 that tht platt SUHttd 'ltalistlc. So thett he sat do~tt attd asked Htt (6~ hiHt ho~ HtUCh HtOtttl( NI!'d ttud to statt Nith, attd ~ht'lt h'I!'d StU thl! stutt I1Jt "M.de attd so Oh. £l1ttttuaUI( ht m... . to Htt 'OK. It9 a ~ood plah. 18) .........••• Suphahlt that J'U uhd '(OU sO'ttt IttOht'( to ~et sta'lttd.' cf{ohestll(, J coUldh't btliel1e ht (91....................................... ..... it! Js",'t It ~'ltat? J'm U4UI( looki"'~ to'lhl4'ld to Sttih~ ¥ou htxt hlttk so hJt cah talk to hlHt to~tthtt 411d ~tt thill~S ~oi",~.

,4U ,h, Ntl1ltlt

'<s'.

•

Most of the fol/owing sentences wnfa;n one mistake. CorTect it or write righL

__...•..................._

_-_ _-_ _._--

When I asked Joan about her work she said she had lost her job and is short of money. .......

_. __ _.._ _

2 Michad explamed that he couldn't come to the party

b«au~ he

was working that evening.

3 We had a great evemng with Janet. She was telling about her fascinating trip to Kenya. 4 I'm sorry to bother you, but you did say to call if I was worried. 5 We were disappointed when the receptionist told that the hotel was fully booked that week. .

_...•..••......_

_...••.••.•••••.•................ _................•..........._.._-_._-

6 The museum guard 3sked the visitors to nO[ touch the exhibits. 7 The tour guide explained that the castle is only

Verb + -ing and verb + to ... Complete the sentences

WIth

o~n

on Tuesdays.

Units 52 and 53

the correct form of the verb given. Use -ing or to •••

J As we don't agre(' about politics we generally avoid .~jH!r!"'.tJ.OO_ (discuss) the subject. 2 He doesn't get on with the new boss, so he's asked ..I9...p.l!LRfJ.l;!t.f<':root.. (transfer) to another branch of the company. 3 Please Stop . _ (interrupt) me when I'm explaining something to you. You can ask questIons at the end. 4 We had arranged. . (mcct) in my office so that he could check the documents he needed. 5 I must say, I don't really fancy (spend) my whole holiday with your cousins. 6 He admits _ (enter) the house but he says he didn't cake anything. 7 I've apologised to her but she still refuses _ _ _ _ __ (speak) to me. S What a dreadfuJ man! Can you imagine _ _ _ _ (live) with him? 9 Of course I'll help you, as long as it doesn't involve _ __ __ (lift) anything heavy. . (bring) my briefcase with me. I'U have to 10 Oh no! I've forgonen. go back for it. . (live) in their new house by now, but the 1] They had hoped . builders are still working on it. 12 I don't mind (work) late. if it will help at all. 13 I simply can't afford _ _ (support) you any longer - you'll just have to find a job. 14 We had hoped to finish the projtt1 by the end of the month but we keep ....__.__._. _ ..__ _....... (delay) by changes in the plans. 15 You'd better go and see the boss and say what you've done. If you put off __ _... (explain) it to her, she'll only be more annoyed.

~ A

Complete the t:onverSQtions. ANN: RIU:

ANN: BIU:

OlL-\: DAVE:

OlL-\: D.... VE:

CILLA:

JACK:

SEAN: JACK:

SEAN:

IIIEJ

What are you doing this weekend? I'm hoping Ul.1Q..r.I,P..I1. my parents. if J can. I thought you went to see them last weekend. 0, I planned 121_ __ _ them, bur they suggested IJI ._ _._ _ the visit for a week because they hadn't finished t~) .._._ _ _._._. the spare room. Can you help m~ with these packag~s? Of cour~. I'v~ got to g~t th~m all post~d today. On~ of our big customers has said h~'11 consid~r IS) to anoth~r supplier if we don't improv~ our d~liv~ry times. Hav~ w~ be~n failing (6) on time? I didn't know that. Appar~ndy som~one forgot 171 an ord~r last momh. So I agreed (I) .. them myself this time. because we can't risk (~) .. such an important customer. Oh dear, here's another note from Peler. Why does he keep (101 to you? He wants me 10 join his basketball team. He's offered (111 me repair my car if I agree til) them. The trouble is, it involves {Ill................................ .. to a lot of practice sessions and I haven't got time. And I can fix the car by myself. Well, you'll JUSt have to find a way to say no. You can't avoid (I") _ __ to him for ever.

Complete the report by puttmg the verbs in the correct form, using .ing or to ••..

Cyclist abandons 24 hour ride l6, . ...._

ANDREW SPICER, the local cyc1ing star, bas decided (l) .. t.a..,ktando:n.. (abandon) his second attempt 121 . ............................... (ride) non-stop for twenty-four hOUfS. His decision Ill . ........................ (give) up came after poor weather conditions had caused him to delay

'(set) ' off for several hoUI'8. His

.............................................•........

first attempt had also ended in failure, when he appeared lS) ••••.••••••••••.•••••••••••••••••••.••••.••••.•.•..••

(lose) control of his bicycle after he swerved to avoid

(hit)

a small child. He narrowly missed (7) ••••.••.•••••••.•••••••••••••••••••••• (crash) into a gate and ended up in a stream. He says that he has not yet decided whether (II •..••..••.•••..••..•••..•..•••.••...••.•••.••..••.••••.••

(try) one more time, but denies

I')

Oose) interest in the project. 'I aim (101

(raise) money for the local hospital,' he explains. 'They deserve 1111 •.••••••_._••••_.••.•.••.•.•.••. .............._ (help) and I shall do it if I can manage (11) ._..._ . ..._ _..... . (flnd) the time.'

lUI

Complete the sentence describing each picture. 2

~"heIPme?)

'" t~I~ltj~

iii

Chris

Angela ordered

Terry wanted ...~hri~.. w.. h~'p:.hl.m. ..

),-----------,

The gangsters forced.

Laura regretted

6,-----------

You're not going out until you've finished your homework. ~

FellCltv

;&0"" ~ ....... "J?0 Felicity made

John tried Charlie

7,------------,

8,-----------, ~Sandra

.(~~~"

f:,'

The car needed

Jim helped

1 -;::;::=;::=:;---1 )

10 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - - , Barbara

â&#x20AC;˘ @,

Tanya~ and Keith Tanya and Keith denied

11 , - - - - - - - - - - - - - ,

Bill and Mandy invited

Barbara dislikes

Complete the conversatimzs with the correct form of the verbs in brackets and any other essential words.

PAT:

Which is the best route into the city centre?

MICK:

If doesn't make much difference, except I'd advise

(1)

.)'.9."'.. I':I.9.t-..~.. I.I.H... (not I use) the High

Street during the rush hour. B MARY: Is Mr Wiseman free? Well, there's no one with him, bur I wouldn't attempt (2) JOE: (speak) to him now, if I were you. He's in a foul mood. MARY: Oh, I don't mind (31 ..............•••• ... (shout) at by him. He threatened (41.............. . (sack) me last week, but he apologised very politely later.

SUE: JILL: SUE:

JILL:

SUE:

ANDY:

JOAN: ANDY:

JOAN: ANDY: JOAN: ANDY:

IIII

I don't trust that new cashier. Why not? Well, he claims (5) ................•••.............•••.............•••.. (work) in several other banks before he came here, but when I asked him about them he kept (6i....... . (change) . (say) something to the manager. the subject. I was wondering (7) Perhaps he's just shy. Why don't we go on (8i........................... .... (be) friendly for a few more days and see how he behaves? OK. I must say, I'd hate 19) (get) someone into trouble for nothing. I don't know what to do about Gemma. She's so difficult to work with. She k«ps forgetting (101....... . (pass) on important messages, and she won't let l11i (help) her when she's busy. Have you actually talked to her about all this? That's part of the problem. I've tried (121...... . (discuss) the problem with her, but she always says she's to busy to stop and talk. I've even tried 113) ............•..............••...............••.............•• (ask) her to have lunch with me, but she doesn't want to. I think I'd better have a chat with her. How long has she been like this? Oh, it's several weeks now. Well, I'd really like 1141 ...........•••• (know) about the problem earlier. Never mind, I'll see what I can do. Thanks very much.

Complete the sentences with your own ideas, using the -ing or (to) ... form of a verb. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S 9 10

I never permit .11l.!'!Y.P..r:!l!!..~.. ~.4 .. my diary. I learnt at the age of .. I can't help when I see someone being treated unfairly. I don't practise . as regularly as I should. I sometimes pretend when really l'm just daydreaming. ................ . which I have enjoyed reading myself. I always encourage I remember ........................................ when I was a small child, but I don't remember .. ..........., although my family says I did! ................. ... even though I'm not very good at it. I enjoy. . by the end of next year. I expect. I've given up ..

Prepositions and expressions + -Ing

Units 59-62

Match the two halves of each sentence.

How to study efficiently 1 Begin by 2 Be realistic: there's no point in \..~-----3 Find a quiet place where you can work without 4 If possible, use it only for 5 Check you have everything you need before 6 This means you won't waste time 7 Encourage yourself by

a making plans you can't possibly keep. b making a list of what you have to do.

c studying. d marking each lOpic on yOUf list as you complete it. e jumping up to fetch things every five minutes. f being interrupted. g starting work.

B Now use the fo/Jowing notes to complete the advice below.

1 Ko,d thrlil/" t/u U:UI/./17 ,.rtfully. 2 ChICk th, ilUtr,uti,llfS. j Ih",'t 11'1&~ tIl I'PCl I'"~ "JJ' fNtstil"'. If Po",'t try tt Itt h,., f'tt7 frj''''~1 .rt ldtilll Ill.

S AIl,w tiM' b ,k,d, .11 f,ur usw,rs. 6 CIu.ts r.rtlf ~, wtll, ill th, ',111 rMlI. How to take exams 1 Begin ..P.Y.. ~.~.I.I;'fQ.M:!r.9.\o!(!h ..~!'.. ~m.f.~~J .. l<".~.J.Iy, . 2 Make sure you know exactly what to do 3 There's no point . 4 Don't waste . 5 Avoid careless mistakes . 6 It's rarely worth

Using the -ing form, complete the following pieces of advice with your own ideas. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

You should take regular exercise instead of ..~I.U!!:l.ÂŁl ..t!'!..fr!;:m.1':J":f..1':hC!.~.!~I.~j~!'! ..-..l.l.. ~.~y . You can't earn a lot of money by . It's rude to borrow people's things without . You must always thank people for . You mustn't insist on . . . It's wrong to make accusations without . It's good manners to apologise for. . . You should fill up with petrol before

I'm used to doing and I used to do

Units 60 and 18

Read the (ollowmg Jetter and put the lJeTbs into the correct form.

Dear Ruth,

Thank you very much for the lovely present you sent for Laurie. It was very kind of you. You say in your note that you haven' t yet. got used to ul an aunt I used to..

121 th.ink

~lrl~l..

(be)

::~:::~~"~~~:~~J

(think) that becoming a father wouldn't

change me. I was wrong, of course I Life will never be the same again. We used to (31

_.._ .._._.._._

_ __

(90) to bed at

midnight or later. Now we're asleep by ten because we've had to get used to

(41

.••••••••••••••_ •••••••••••••_

•••••••••

••••

(wake) up at five

o'clock. Actually, that's quite good in a way. I always used to Ul. ..._ _ (arrive) late at the office, but since Laurie was born my secretary has got used to (61 (find) me hard at work by the time she gets in! Hind you, it hasn't been so easy for Jenny. I think she found it very hard at first, being with the baby instead of going to work. She wasn't used to m . (spend) all day without adult company. But she's got quite friendly with a neighbour who also has a young baby and I think that makes it easier. She used to (81.... . . (say) she'd go back to work when Laurie was six months old, but now she's used to (\I). (be) at home she's beginning to enjoy herself, so she may wait until Laurie is a bit older. Anyway, when do you think you'll be able to come and see us? Jenny says hurry up, while Laurie is still small. We'd love a visitor to show her off to! All the best,

'l:le1t1tiS

Preposition + -Ing and to .•. IIfI!I

Read and romp/ete the conversations. Use a prqrosition + ·ing (in going I for writing I of doing etc.) or the infinitive (to go I to write / to do etc.).

A SID:

Look, there's Angela. Isn't she lovely? She's all right. You really like her, don't you? Oh, yes. I dream (I) ..9.f..~.~ln.9 ... (take) her our for a meal or a film, but I'm afraid (2) .. ~J!l.lt.L (her). Why? Well, I suppose I'm afraid III . (look) foolish if she refuses. If you like her so much, you shouldn't be afraid (4) •••••••••••••••••••.•.• . (risk) it. Anyway, I'm sure she won't refuse. Really? OK. I'll phone her tonight. Good. I'm glad I'vr succrrded lSI .._ (persuade) you to phonr hrr. Why do you say that? J happen to know shr rathrr fancies you. J told her I'd make you phone her! She'll br looking forward (61................... .. (hear) from you!

TOM:

S[O: TOM:

SID: TOM: SID:

TOM:

SID: TOM:

B BRIAN: Good mormng Phil, could we have a word in my office? Of course.

PHIL:

BRIAN: I'm sorry 17)..

.. (h3ve) to tell you, but I'm afraid you failed (achieve) high enough sales to e3TO 3 bonus this mol1th. I suppose it was the bad weather? Yes, I expecl it was. I'm very sorry (91 (let) you down. OK. I'm sure you'll make it up soon. Actually I'm thinking IIOl. (send) one or twO junior sales staff on a course next month. Would you br inlerested tIll _............ (go)? Yes, I would br. Good. you later [hen Yes. Thank you. Goodbye. (81..

PHIL: BRIA.o-":;

PHIL: BRIAN: PHIL:

Verb forms: revision

Can

yOIl

Pllt the verbs in the correct form and solve this detective puzzle?

TREVOR STERN was not a popular man, in spite of his wealth. He III .tiY.N... (live) in a large house about a mile outside the village of Prenton. When he f2l .~.'••f9JJM.. (find) dead in his study, no one IJI .. ~r.I.~_ (cry). nol even his only daughter. It was soon dear that he 141 . ............................... (murder).

Detective Inspector Blackledge look statements from his widow, Dorothy, his seventeen-year-old daughter, Lucy, his business partner, Gerald Brook, and / his doctor. (/

I (.51 .•............ _ (not/love) my husband, he was a cold and selfish man. But I (6) .......•....... " •••.......••. (nol/murder) him, either. After dinner last night he said he i7l .. (want) to check some business papers in his study. He lSI . (have) a meeting with Gerald, his business partner, the next morning. He i91 (ask) (or some tea. That was about 9 o'clock. I 110,

so 1 111 _._... past nine Doctor Emerson

(walch) a rather exciting film on television, (teU) Lucy to take it to him. AI quarter (121 (call). I

(notice) the time because we

l1JI

(expect) him to come earlier. I liS) . (answer) the front door bell. Trevor 1161 (still/shout) in his study. He and Lucy n7}... .. (obviously/have) a serious row. So I (181 (take) the doctor into the sitting-room for a moment. Then Trevor stopped II!J) . (shout). I guessed Lucy (201 (go) out by the back door. Doctor Emerson went to the study. I think he wanted to persuade Trevor 121) .. (go) to the hospital (or some tests, but Trevor (22) (not/want) to go. I (HI (hear) him shouting again several times over the next twenty minutes. He called him an ignorant country doctor, and later he said something like 'There's nothing you can do!' I think Lucy 1241.............................. • . __. (come) into the house while the doctor (HI......... ._ (still/talk) to Trevor. I 1261 _ _....................... •.. . (hear) the front door bang during a quiet few seconds when Trevor (27) _ . (not/shout). I was tired and fed up and went to my bedroom soon after _ (phone) and we that. My sister 121) (2!J1 _ _ (talk) (or ages. 1(361._ _ . (tell) her I UIJ __ .._ (decide) to leave Trevor.

1141

Mum l32) .. (watch) some stupid film after dinner, so she made me OJ) .. (take) Dad's tea into his study. It was about nine o'clock. He was in a really mean mood. He shouted at me because I ~34) .. (spill) a few drops of tea on his desk while I (35) ..................... (pour) it. I (36) .. (not/want) to watch the film so I (37~ (creep) out by .. (decide) to go down the back door. I (38~ to the village and use the public phone to call Alan. He's my boyfriend. I ~39)... . , (never/like) Mum or Dad to be around when I (40l .. (talk) to him. Especially yesterday, because Dad and I 14') . (have) a stupid argument about Alan the day before. It l42). .. (normally /take) quarter of an hour to .. (take) walk to the village. Perhaps it (43) .. . less time last night. I can't prove I (44) ,........... (go) to the village. No one 1<45) .... (see) me when I 1<46) .. ,..... .... (walk) into the village. I (41) .. , (see) Gerald, that's Dad's business .. (stand) near the window partner. He (<48) in his sitting-room. He (49) .. (not/see) me, though, because it was dark outside. He (50) , ...................... (talk) on the phone, I think. .. ,............. (not/answer) the phone. Alan (51~. Then I (52~ , (remember) he (531 . ...................... (teU) me he (H) . (play) in a concert thai evening. So I (55) . (walk) home again. I (56) .. (meet) Gerald just before I (51) (reach) our house. He (58) (look) for his dog. That was about twenty to ten, I came in by the back door as quietly as possible and went to bed. I didn't want to see my parents again that evening.

I 159) ..

...... _•.

(call) at

the Stems' house at nine-fifteen.

I 1601 .....................•..............••........ (be) rather later than I (61f .•••• ... (plan) to be because I (62) ...•...• ..........•...•...• (visit) another patient. When Mrs Stem (631 (let) me into the house she (641 (seem) rather embarrassed and (65) _.•• _. ............•........•........... (show) me into the sitting-room. could hear Trevor Stern 1661 •..............••................••..............•.•• ... (shout) at someone in his study. Mrs Stern said something about teenage girls and that they 167) . ......... " " (have) problems with Lucy. Well, the shouting 168) ...............................................•.. (stop) almost imm~iately, so I 1691. . (go) to his study. Lucy (70) ..•..........•.......... ................. (already /leave) the room before I 171) (get) there. I tried 172) .. (explain) to Trevor why he needed (731 ...•........ (have) these hospital tests, but he 174) , ,...................... . (not/let) me. He said I 17.) . . (be) an ignorant country doctor who 176). . (not/know) what he 177). . (talk) about. I 178). .. (realise) it was no use ('9). . (argue) with him so I 180). . , (leave) after only a few minutes. I was quite angry actually. I let myself out of the house without 1811 (see) Lucy or Mrs Stern.

... 85

Yes, Trevor was my business partner. We till _ . ..................... (not/be) really friends. Yes, my house lU) . (be) just round the comer from the Stems'. I (84J .. (live) here for two years now. I (85) •••.............••••................•............•................•••••• (have) (buy) a little cottage in the village. But I (861 _ this house when I started tl71 _ _. __ _ (earn) a lot of money. I can't really tell you very much about the night Trevor died. 1 took .. my dog for a long walk that evening. I (881 (go) up on the hills, away from the village. Then the stupid dog (891 ......•........•..................•....... .........•.•.. (go) after a rabbit or something and I (901 ........•.._ _ (lose) him in the dark. I (911 ..•....._ .....•.•.••_ _ ...• (look) for him when 11921 _ _ __ __.._ (meet) Lucy, as a maUer of fact. She (931_._. • .. .•_ _ (walk) up the road towards their house. She (94) ................•••••.............._ •••••......._ ••••••••.....__. (seem) (see) rather upset. I asked her if she 195) the dog. but she said she 196) ........•••.............•••••............•.••...............••••••..........••. (not/had). She (911 ••••••...........••••••••...........•.•........•...............••••...•...........•••••••..... (go) into her house and I (981 .••.........•..•..........•..•..........•...•••.•............••.••..............•....•... (find) him a few minutes afterwards. 1was back home by just after quarter to ten.

Detective Inspector Blackledge showed the statements to her colleague, Sergeant Ross. BLACKLEDGE:

ROSS'

BLACKLEDGE:

Well, Ross. What do you think? Who killed Stem? I don't know. It 199) _ •••••••••••••_ __••••••.••••••_ •••••••••••••_••• (not/be) his wife. She (100) _.__••••••_••• _ ••••__•••__••••••.•_ . _ •••••••••_...._ (not!even/go) into the study. But she admits she didn't love him. Do you think she's in love with the doctor?

ROSS;

BLACKLEDGE;

ROSS: BLACKLEDGE:

ROSS; BLACKLEDGE:

ROSS:

BLACKLEDGE:

ROSS; BLACKLEDGE:

It's possible. And perhaps Trevor Stem (101).. .. . ............ (find out). But we know the doctor was at the hospital by ten o'clock that night. And that's at least half an hour from the Sterns' house. But that (1021....................... .. (mean) he (103) (leave) the Stems' house before half past nine. Exactly. Anyway, Dorothy Stem told her sister she (104) ......... " (leave) her husband. She didn't need 1105) .. (murder) him. But what about Lucy? Yes, there's something about Lucy's story which doesn't quite fit. Let's see, what did Gerald Brook say? That's it! Lucy 1106) .. (not/walk) to the village and back, if he (107) .. (meet) her at twenty to ten. She (108) .. ......................................... ...... (still/shout at) by her father at nine-fifteen. But look at all the statements. The times don't fit. Neither do the facts. Someone (109) . ...... (tell) lies. I think it's time we (1101 ............................................... (make) an arrest.

Who did they arrest? See page 112.

Countable and uncountable nouns

Units 68-69

Write in a or an where necessary to make complete sentences, or write no changt:, if the sentence. is already complete.

I 2 3 4 5 6 7

Joanna eats apple every morning ,,,i!lJL__ ~.w... Peter doesn't like milk in his tea NQ..cHAN.(lf.. Katie rarely has biscuit with her coffer. George normally eats meat for dinner. __ Brian usually has omelene for lunch __ Margaret never drinks beer.._.__ _.._ _ _ Robin occasionally puts butter on his potatoes. _

_._ __ _

__ _ _._ .

Jane IS trymg to lose weight, so everyday she writes down what she has eaten. Look at the picture of what she ate today and complete her notes, using a or an where neceSSdry.

Breakfast

Lunch

Dinner

T,~.)' ••J fuitt l"j,.t It.Jt t, Jt.rt .,ith. I ,ttl)' h.d ,8) 9.r.~.~9!!!1l,!!.c:.!!!... for It,.,d,j.Jt. At h"uhti"., I de (9) For jittllir I h..j '10) II~ (11)............... ..........• f,lhwe~ It)' (12f.................. ........................• I hd (IJ) . •fttr••rjJ .d /'". .fr.jj I jij lid (1.) ...............•.•...•...• ....................•...... ill it!

~ Most of these sentences have a mistake in them. Correct them, or if there is no mistake, write right. 1 I bdieve it's very difficult to find a cheap accommodation in London .

......w.Jl.M..•.hop..•."""J!IJ!1"""l!<!n.", . 2 We're looking for a place to rent &I.G..l::tL 3 We're late because they're re-surfacing the motorway and the traffics are terrible. 4 He was asked to leave the college because of a bad behaviour at the end of term party. 88

_ _ _ _

5 I'm going to phone my brother to wish him good luck for his driving test. 6 I think it's a pity Rebecca had her hairs cut shan because she looked much more attractive before _ _ . . .. 7 It's nOt a bad room, but the furnitures take up tOO much space. . 8 As an old friend, may I give you an advice? . 9 If we don't have up-to-date information, how can we make sensible decisions? 10 Fonunately, the check-up was less unpleasant experience than I had expected.

Fill the spaces In the foffowing conversation with one of the words In the box. SometImes you need the plural (-s), and some of the words are used more than once.

....

mom

d,y scenery

expenence weather

ht~8gl!

paper

view

Mary and Liz are about to go on holiday together. Mary has come to collect Liz MARY: UZ:

MARY:

LIZ: MARY:

UZ;

MARY:

UZ;

MARY:

LIZ: MARY;

uz; MARY:

her car.

Hello, Liz, are you ready? Yes, Just about. All the UI.J!J.e9flB~.._ is here tn the corridor. I hope I haven't gal too many (21 ..Iffl.Hf . Don'l worry. There's plenty of lJ).......... In the car. Oh, good. I've packed rather a lot of things. I haven't had much 14) .. of travelling in the mountains, so I wasn't sure what to bring. As long as you've gOl some warm sweaters for the evenings, and a good ramco'lt, you should be OK. The 151.. . " in the mountains is wonderful, but the 161 _ _ can change very suddenly. Well, we've gor a lovely m __ to stan with. _.................... at the You're right there. And I'm sure you'll like our (IJ hotel, because Ihey've promised me the ones I had last year when I was With my brolher. Did you pack the guidebook, by the way? I've got it in my pcxkel. I packed some (9) •••••••...•.•.•..•••••••••••••••••••••••..••.•.•••••••••••••• too, so we can write letters. Yes. It'd be nice to keep some sort of diary, too. That's a good idea. We might make an album afterwards, with words and photos. And I'm sure I'm going to have some great (10) ......••••••••••••••.•...............•.•.••.•••••........... to write about. are like nOlhing you've ever I'm sure you will, too. The (111 ••••••••••••••••••••••••••_ seen. And the people are grear. There's always music or something in one of the villages every evening. We'll buy some local (12) _ when we get there and find out what's going on this week. Well, I'm ready. OK, let's go!

Aand an, some and the

Units 70 and 71

~ Complete the description of tbis flat with alan, some or the.

•

In II) ..~.CL bedroom of this flat there are twin beds, (21 o1i! •• cupboard, and IJI chair. There are 14) clothes thrown over (Sf chair. In one corner there is (6) basin. There is also (7) basin in (II) bathroom. 19) basin in (10) .. bathroom is bigger. Above it there is (11) shelf. This flat has (12) nice kitchen. There is lU) •.................... table with (14) chairs round it. In lIS) middle of (16) table is 117) apple.

Now write rwo more sentences of your own about the flat. 18 19

Put in alan, or the. Tina wants to buy a car. She has come to see Ryan, who is trying to sell his. TINA: So, you don't say much in your advert. Is this (I) .. ~."' ... old car? RYAN: Four years old. Come and have a look at it. TINA: Were you 12I first owner? RYAN:

TINA: RYAN:

TINA:

RYAN: TINA: RYAN: TINA: RYAN:

No, I got it twO years ago. Have you driven it a lot? Well, I drive to my office in (3) _ city cenue five days 14) ••••••••••••••_••• week, but I don't use it much at weekends. I see. Now, the thing is, I'm (5) ._ _ doctor. I've just started work at (0) .. hospital in Hills Road. I'm on call a lot of the time and I have to find (7) •••••••_ car which is really reliable. II) ......._._ car I used to have was always breaking down and giving me problems. Oh, this one's very good. It may not be 19) .... .. fastest car around, but it always gets there eventually. And it's got (10) ......_........_ new set of eyres. Right. It's good to know thal. Can I go for (111 ..._. test drive? Urn, actually, thar's not possible right now. Why not? Well, basically, I'm afraid it won't start. You see. 1121 __ bauery is flat.

The Pllt in the where necessary. If the is not needed, leave a space 1-).

Portrait of a family: (l) f'I:I~.... Bartons There are three adults and two children in this family. l2I ...Th~.... children are Ben, aged twelve, and little Stella, who is four. Their parents are Andrew and Marion. (4) other adult is Leslie, who is Andrew's brother. He is twenty-four. They live in Newcastle, a large city in (S) ......... north-east of England. weekday momings On (6) everyone gets up early. Andrew Barton works for a company which manufactures (7) computers. He leaves at seven rush o'clock. He likes to avoid 18) hour, he says. Marion suspects that really he likes to avoid having breakfast with 19) children, who are very noisy. Ben catches (10) school bus at eight-fifteen. Leslie is at (II) .. university, studying physics. He lives away from (12) home during term·time, so he avoids UJI _ noise, too. school Stella doesn't go to {I41

m..:::'....

yet, of course. Next year, she will start at (15) nursery school where Ben used to go. Her mother is looking forward to this, as it will mean that she can go back to (161 work. Before her marriage, she lived in London, where she worked for U71 _ National Gallery, in 1I81 _ Trafalgar Square. She is hoping to find (19) ......._ ..... same sort of job in Newcastle.

~ In the {oJ/owing news items the has sometimes been used in the wrong place. Read them care{uf/y and cross out the where it is not necessary.

The Prime Minister left this morning for a tour of the Far East. He will visit

he King Juan Carlos of

the Spain arrived in London today (or a three day visit to the United Kingdom. He was met by lite Queen and drove with her 10 the Buckingham Palace. Tomorrow he will have the lunch with the

Singapore and the

Malaysia and then go on to the PhUippines, where he will make a speech about the environment.

A CONFERENCE is taking place in the Mexico City on ways of helping the unemployed in the developing world. A report will ~ sent to the United Nations. but it is feared thllt the unemployment will remain a problem in tbe most

Governor of the Bant of England and in the evening

he will have talks with the

businessmen.

countries for many yean to come.

Quanllfiers and pronouns

.-'.:)

c. ":'1'

)

':iI'

While you were shopping, some thieves stole your wallet. Complete the description you gave to the police.

YOlt

saw them, but they got away.

1 All .."UI>""l.h•.Y.•.fJo.l,.h.lr,... 2 None .. 9.f..~lU:ll.W.U.~.!p..,"r..~/!I.n ..t.hJ.~, .. 3 Both .. ~.h!f.. m."r:t~ltJ:''' .. ~'',1!I.r.!.!'ls.~.:.C!hl~.· . 4 One ..Qf.lh".. m."':t/:1.~~ ..~ ..C!hQ.I,!!,.I.,"J:'.P:/!IS, .

5 All 6 None 7 Both 8 Both 9 Both 10 Neither II Neither 12 One _

. . .

. __ _

_ _

_._

_ _.._ . _ .

. .. .

Use the words in the first box to make true statements about the people in the second box. all (01)

none of

most of both (00

lots of neither of

neighbours bands parents

grandfathers classmates relatives

some of one of

doctors politicians friends

(a) few of

cousins students

I ..M!?t!'.t.g{.~.~."'~.~!:'!f.!n ..m:r:.'.!I.t.,JLkf..~k ..m.I,!~!e,_. 2 .. ~_gf..m:r:.II!J!.~I~.~.~.fLrm.f.r.t.: ...

3 ..Q.r:1f..9f.1b!l.p."'~ 4 .. f..f.W.9.f..rny..U:kn4

!.1I.4.m'-~.!'-.JJ_~ ... ~r..h!e.h ..bH.!t.,...

5 6 7 8 9

Choose the correct words from the box to complete the sentences. few (of) all (of)

a few (of) each (of)

none (of) much (of)

any (of) most (of)

half (00

I It is widely believed that ...!I human beings are descended from one common ancesror. .... them 2 When Jill decided to sell her car she phoned round her friends, but wanted to buy ir so she put an ad in the paper. 3 _ people enjoy housework. his fortune to his cat and [he other half to 4 When my rich uncle died, he left it, but we were a distant cousin! We had never expected to receive disappointed that he hadn't left it ro us. 5 I think children enjoy going ro funfairs, although I know . who are frightened of the big rides. time. 6 We'll have 10 work quickly because I haven't got 7 Before mixing the cake, weigh ingredient precisely.

IIEFI

Choose the correct word or phrase to (ill each space in

this passage. LaSt week I made the mistake of revisiting the village where I grew up. It was a small, friendly community with two farms and a number of old cottages round the village green. I realised very

qUickly that although in many I few ways it appears

111

unchanged, in reality hardly

m oOlbjo& I 30yrhjo& is the same. IJI AliI Every the pretty cottages are there, of course, and 14) both I most the picturesque farmhouses. But In nooe of the I none of inhabitants are country people. All of 161 [bey I tbem are commuters, who leave early m every WOlDlOi I all tbe IDocmOis for the nearby town. 1'1 Neither of I Neither the farmhouses is attached to 3 farm these days; the land has been sold and IS managed by 1'1 somebody I anyone In an office (101 anywhere I somewhere who has 111 little I a hole Interest in the village itself. There are (121 few I a few new houses, bUI they have 1)1 no I nQne Qf local character; )'OU can see the s.1me style 114 anywhere I somewhere in the cDunny. lHl The whQle I WhQle of the village. In fact, has been lidied up so much that It has become tl61 anythln& I nQthing more than JUSt another suburb.

E!I

Fmd the ""stakes and correct them. If there is no mlslake, write right. He shouted at all of students although most of us had done nothing wrong. .<lit .!l. 9.f..~h.~.. !!lJ:!,l.d~,,:;.~, ....... 2 Can anyone use the tennis courts or only college students? R1GI11 3 What happens if anybody get left behind when the coach leaves?

"Hl' ~t"1oukl'~

4 What a boring town! There are not good restaurants, nothing! 5 I think he was lonely because he had a few friends and none of his neighbours ever spoke to him. .. " ". .. .. 6 We can'l use this room because there are no chairs in it. . 7 I've wasted twO hours because the whole information you gave me was wrong. 8 When I gOt on the plane the steward told me I could have some seat because Ihere were so few passengers on the flight. .. ""."""", . 9 You can't borrow money from me because I have no. My brother's alre3dy borrowed it all.

10 The problem is that I have much homework to do at weekends, so I have very little time for sport.. . ,............ """., . 11 I don't know whether our scheme will in fact make a profit, but any money we do raise will be given to charity.. " ~ _........................................... . _.. 12 I feel so embarrassed that all know my problem. I wish you hadn'l said anything.

Relative clauses

Units 91-95

Can you answer the questions about the people in Box A. using information from Boxes B and C?

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

Who was Alexander Fleming? Who was Antonio 5tradivari? Who was Ibn Baftuta? Who was Johann Guten~rg? Who was Joseph Lister? Who was Orville Wright? Who was Joseph Niepce?

American Frenchman Italian

Englishman German Moroccan

Scotsman

He travelled through Africa and Asia. He made wonderful violins. He discovered penicillin. He constructed the first mechanical printing press. He began the use of antiseptics in operating theatres. He produced the first permanenl photograph. He new the first real aeroplane.

I ..~!~f.I.~~r..F..~m.I".e ..w.".... AIl.~.fml.f.I ..!rlI.Q..".I.~~.~.~.~'.If.!!!J.r:I, .... 2 3 •...•.........................................•.•.••••••••..•••••••.••..•..............................__ .........•..••••••••....••.._._ 4

__..............................•.•••_ _--_ _ _ _-_ _ __ __••••••.................._-_._•.•......._•......._---_. __ _

...................................................... ........_ _--_

5 6 .. 7

_.. ---_

_----_ _ __ __ _-_ __

. •.•.............. •.........-

Ell

Comp/~t~ the convenation With who. that, whose, or when. If no word is nuded, leavt: a

space (-).

"'ll'

Zoe and Pat are planning a parry during the school holidays. ZOE: Well, who shall we ask [0 this party? Dh, not [00 many. JUSt a few people (II.:::'.... we C3n ~ relaxed with. ZOE: Yes, I agr~. So, who, for example? PAT: My cousin John, of course, and Carlo. ZOE: Carlo? Who's he? PAT: He's the Italian guy (2) ~9 ... is staying with John's family. ZOE: Oh, yeah. Is he the one III ._..... __ _ wallet got stolen when they were in london? PAT: That's nghl. They caught the guy ("1 _.._.._....... ••• did it, but he'd already spent all the money ISl ... ,... Carlo had brought wllh him. ZOE: Poor Carlo. Perhaps the party will cheer him up. PAT: It might, if we ask the girl 16) .. . he's been going out with. ZOE: Who's that? PAT: Celia's her name. She works in that cinema 17) .... they show allihe foreign films. ZOE: Bur will she be free on Thursday evening? PAT: Yes, II'S her evening off. That's the reason 181............ I suggested Thursday. ZOE: OK. Who else? Whal about Nicky and Cherry? PAT: Arc they the girls 19) .. ...............•..•.. you went to France with? ZOE: Yes. If they bring their boyfriends, thar'lI be ten of us. But have you got a room (101 _. is big enough? My mother says we can'l use our silting-room because we made tOO much mess the last lime fill .... she let us have a pany. P.... T: It's all right. We've gOt a basement (Ill .. we store old furniture. If we clean it up, il'll be fine. ZOE: Greal. Let'S go and have a look at it.

PAT:

IIEII A

Match ~ach situation with on~ of the sentenus that follow. I have thr~ umbrellas. I bough I one of them in Paris. That one needs repairing...~.... a The umbrella which I bought in Paris needs repairing. b The umbrella, which I bought in Paris, needs tepairing. 2 I have one colleague. He works extremely hard. He has few friends...P.... a My colleague who works extremely hard is nOI very popular. b My colleague, who works extremely hard, is not very popular. 3 I have ~veral aunts. One works in ew York. She's getting married. a My aunt who works in New York is getting married. b My aunt, who works in New York, is getting married.

4 Peter made some sandwiches. They have all been eaten. You made some too. Your .. sandwiches have not been eaten a The sandwiches which Peter made have all been eaten. b The sandwiches, which Peter made, have all bttn eaten. 5 There was only one park in this town. Someone has built over it. We used to play in the park when we were children . a The local park where we played as children has been built over. b The local park, where we played as children, has been built over. 6 One of my French teachers helps me with my homework. The other one lives tOO far away. a The French teacher whose house is near mine helps me with my homework. b The French teacher, whose house is near mine, helps me with my homework. 7 You met one of my cousins last summer, the one from America. He's coming to stay agam.... a My AmeTlcan cousin who you met last summer is coming to stay again. b My American cousin, who you met last summer, is coming to stay again. 8 There were a lot of candidates in the presidential election. Three of them were women. The wmner was one of them. She had campaigned for better housing conditions. a The woman who led Ihe campaign for better housmg conditions has been eleaed President. b The woman, who led Ihe campaign for better housmg conditions, has been elected President. 9 Only my boyfm:nd sent me £lowers, but I had some other presents, mcludmg a vase. I put Ihe £lowers m the vase. a The flowers which my boyfriend sent look beautiful m my new vase. b The flowers, which my boyfriend sent, look beautiful in my new vase. 10 I look two cameras away with me. You lent me one of them. That's the one that gOI broken. a The camera which you lent me has been broken. b The camera, which you lent me, has been broken.

B Now describe the situations for some of the other sentences in J 36A.

I .'!.'H!.v~..~.n ..\lml?r.Il:II,.,.J.~ .. F:l.Il:~f..r.~p'J.r.I.tla, ..l..I?Q!,l.e.I:!~..l.~.!.r:\.P.".d,"..... 2 ..I.~g.r.~.~~.h ..,"f!r.(.~r.,"J ..¥.g.lllfA1ie.\.l~,," •..Th.Il:N!~.,".9.0.~.w.b,Q.,w.Q.rj.;.," ..~r.Cl:m~.1y..h"r.~, ..~\.l.r..o.(?.Qnlf ..!lk~.,".hlm ..I:T!."uih•. 3 4 5 6

Un'ls 99 an~ lnn . .

~ Complete the sentenus with a word or phrase from the box and your own ideas. which who 1 2 3 4

5 6 7 8

t o whom

which whost

whe where

I like met:ting people .. !!!hc?.bI.Y.~.kf~.I.~Jll~Jrty:, .... I enjoy parties ..w.h.I:f."'..9.9..9.n..t!1!..J~.f!.~, . I avoid going to restaurants Most of my friends are ~ple _ I never wear clothes _ My favourite films are those _ _ I f~1 sorry for children _ __ My best friend is someone __ _

_ _ _

_ _

_ _ _ _.._

_ _.._

Adjectives and adverbs Rewrite each sentenu beginning with the words given.

2 3 4

5 6 7 8

Ursula is a very quick learner. Ursula learns~f.~.f.l~.l:f.k!Y...... Richard can cook really wdl. Richard is a _ . Your behaviour was extremdy foolish. _ . You behaved The hotd staff treated us in a very friendly manner. The hotel staff were _ . I don't think that's a practical suggestion. That suggestion doesn't sound . Philippa is usually a hard worker. Philippa usually works . Have the children been good today? . Have the children behaved . 'wish you could swim fast. I wish you were ...

_. "M.

_.. __ . _. .

II!!I

........ Choose the correct form from each pair of words.

Find the til/stakes and correct them. If there is no mistake. write right. 'Please get a move on!' shouted Trevor impatient.....:r.!~~.~.9~..~ ..m.9.'l!~ ..Q.r:lr..lthg.w~ ..rIJr.(.QI:.

..Imr"~""~"'"

2 I believe she is a very lonely woman. ,RKi!:fL. 3 I didn't like his plan, which seemed unnecessary complicated to me. 4 I'm sure you could win the match if you tried hardly. 5 I have an awful headache, so could you please be quiet. .............•.••.

..................•.•••.•....

6 Soraya's only been in France a year, but she speaks perfectly French. 7 The reason Bruce gets so tired is that he has an exceptional demanding job. 8 My morher was very ill last year, bur she's good enough to go on holiday now. 9 David ran as fast as he could but he srill arrived late ........................................................................................................................

10 In spite of the facr rhatJean always says she's shan of money, I happen to know she actually has a very good-paid job __ _ __ _ _ __ ..

Comparatives and superlatives • til

Units 104-107

A class of students is studying environmental issues with their teacher. Look at the diagram and complete theIr conversation.

Could do better

Who recycled 1Il .. ~f..t!!aM,"l... percentage of glass in 1992? FLORA: The Dutch did. TEACHER; And who recycled

TEACHER:

Percentage of gtass recy<:led by European countries, 1992.

(2) ............................•.............................

percentage? The Greeks. TEACHER: Right. What about the Spanish? How well did they do? Jill: They did m . ....................._ the Greeks, bur

Netherlands Germany Belgium

WAYNE:

(.1 .

the Ponugu~. TEACHER: Did the French recycle a m..............

lta~

, .'

Denmart

France

Portugal Spain Greece

... ~

;:;

th~

percentage of glass

Dan~s?

KEVIN: No, not quite. About five per cent 16) TE... ClIER: What about the italians? BRONWEN: They recycled about m , "... percentage the Belgians. the Danes. TEACHER: Yes. That's about five per cent (81 But u's about ten per cent 191__ •••.•••••••••.•••.•._ the Germans_ ALE-X: TEACHER: Tru~. Now let's go on to talk about what we're going to do next.

The class look part m a paper recyclmg proJect. Look at the table below and write sente"ces comparmg the students' aCh,elJements.

""" '" IGIos

10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17

100

Bronwen

30_

~ '1"

,."., Ale<

\ 25 KIos

K~vin' Flora' JilI ..~!'! ..~.I4!.l:~.w.~ .. ~J! ..m.\Kr.~.f.'$?'M.H.f.m .... M ..ht_~~ ..~.2f.l..tN.n.J.ill.. Alex' Bronw~n ! Jill .6!~.~I~..~.~.~.!nI~.!'!..~~.g,r..J.m, ... Flora FI011..~!~.~f..m~t_p.."f.'-.r:, . Jill! Alex' Wayn~ _ _ __ _ _._ __ Bronwen' Jill _................. . ,., , _._ Wayne . "." "" """ . Al~x' Bronw~n' Wayne " _. Jill' Flora' Alex . "".."" .

.. Complete the conversat;otu. using the correct form of the word(s) supplied and adding any other words needed.

JOE: AMY:

Why hav~ you bought a new car? We needed one with a 1ll.lM.em':'.... (big) boot, to take: our sports gear.

ANDY:

Are you still trying to get that stain out of the rug?

JENNY:

Yes. I don't know what it is. I've tried all sorts of soaps and things hut it's still (11 •.n9..~1R1lfI..t-M.l:'! .... (dean) when I started.

C ROSE:

Do you happen to know which is III ..tba..omallnt..pt.anfi.. (small I planee) in our solar system?

Jill:

D FRED: GEORGE:

FRED, GEORGE:

FRED:

MARY:

ANNE:; MARY;

ANNE:

F GAll: MICK:

EDDY:

SEAN: EDDY:

WILL:

Pluto, isn't it? I know it's I'" _~_fy!.1Mf.~ .._ (far) away from the sun. How was your driving rest? Oh. not so had really. It was (5) ._ ex~ed, in fact. So, you've passed? Yes, I have. Congratulations! That's 161 _._ _ heard for ages! _ Which is f1l I'm not sure. Kilimanjaro, perhaps? Where's that? In Zambia? No, it's (8). . ......•.•••.• _ , , _ , ,.... .

WILL:

CHRIS:

(much I easy) I'd

_ _

_ (good) news I've _.,

_.............

(high I mountain) in Africa?

(far I nonh) thaI. Kenya I think.

Shall we go for a swim? It's lovely and sunny. I'm not sure. There's quite a strong wind. I think you'll find u's 191 ........................................... (not I warm) it looks, when you get outside. We'd better go 10 the bank this morning. Can't we go (101 No. They shut (II) home.

(late) ? (early I here) they do at

Hurry up! We'll miss the train. Can't you run (fast)?

(12)

PETE:

..........• _H

Sorry, I'm going (13) OK. I guess you're quite a bit after all.

(1-4)

(fast) I can already. (shon II)

I hear you were having problems with your business last year. Is it (good) this year? _ (bad) if anything. No. I'm afraid it's (161 . I suppose people just aren't spending (In (much I money) they used to.

115)

CL\RE:

OiRlS:

101

Word order - adverbs with the verb

III!I

Make sentences about the three people in the left-hand column, using the words in each row with the adverbs at the top. oa;asionally

usually

hardly ever

Angela

arrives at work early

isn't in the office at lunch-time

has taken a day off

John

is late for work

won't do overtime

has sandwiches for lunch

Craig

has offered to work through lunch

leaves later than everyone else

is ill

t ..6NItl!.lJ..~ ....!9.","1Iy..lIJm~,..~1.!'lP.rl'-l!ady, ... 2 ..J~tm.1.t ~'."!liI:n_ ..tly:.~.~.f.9.r..~, ...

3 4

5 6 7 8 9

III!I

Rewrite the sentences in bold type including the adverbs in brackets at the end. Andy and Jane came home from shopping on Saturday [0 find their house had been burgled. Mary is a police officer who has come to investigate the crime.

MARY: Now, you say you're not sure how the thieves gOt in. Before I look round, can I ask you a few questions about the house? ANDY: Of course. MARY: Do you lock the front door when you go out? (always) (I ) .'p'g..Y~II..".I.W."y.....J.QIt.~.1ihdT.'fjl.n:t~.Q9.r.7. ANDY: Yes, and flocked it yesterday.(definitely) (2) '..~.lrlI.nJ.alY ..!~.k~.J.1':.Y.I\I ...~r.~ ... Y..... MARY: OK. What about the windows? ANDY: Well, the downstairs ones are locked. (always) IJl

JANE:

We have a lock on the little one in the hall. (even) (4) •.••.....••....••.................••••••••••••.................•................•.•••••......................•...............•..•.•.•............•.....•••.•.•..•..............•_..........•

MARY: And upstairs? JANE:

Well, I think most of the windows were locked. (probably) lSI ••••••••••••••__._..........•...••••_ •••••.•.•............_.__.........•.•••••••••.•...._ ................••••••_

ANDY: They were locked on Friday. (all) (6)

JANE:

102

Are you sure?

. .

ANDY:

Yt:S. I cht:ckt:d them all bt:cauSt: I knew wt: would be out all day. (both) 171

~'lARY:

ANDY: MARY:

And you didn't opt:n any on Friday night? No. I didn't. (dt:finitt:ly) (I) . Well, 1can't undt:rstand it. Lt:t's go and look round. Pt:rhaps I'll notict: somt:thing you'vt: missed.

in) Answer the questions with the words given. What dOt:S Timothy havt: for brt:akfast? (has an q;g ... usually) ..ttlU!f.IM'!.IyMf..,.!'!..M6,.... D<X:s Margart:t watch a lot of tdt:vision. (d<x:sn't own one ... t:ven) ..~M..~Qft!!.:1i ..f.Y.fJ:l..0.'rn..~ .. Why did Jamt:s It:avt: the party. (was bort:d probably) He _ _ _ D<x:s Sally like your house? (has bet:n tht:rt: nt:ver) She __ Do you know whert: Maureen might Ix? (has a rest about this timt: often) Sht: __ How is Kt:ith getting on with his homework? _ _ (has finisht:d it almost) He Is Donald coming to the wedding? (hasn't been invited evt:n) He _._ Why do Robert and George hate each other? (want to marry Alice both) They

J 4 5 6 7 8

Prepositions of time

.. . _

. _.._

_. _

_ _

. .

Units 118-121

Complete the sentences with during, by, until, at, on or in. If no word is needed, leave a space (-). 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

We usually finish work early ..9.I:l.... Fridays. Ihe time you gel this letter, I shall be in Miami. She wrott: this article her holiday. He won't hand over the pared we pay him. The children aren't here the moment, but they'll be back a few minutes. Can you come to tea with us next Sunday? I wanl to be at the stadium early so that we're time 10 gel good sealS. Please don't touch anything the police arrive. I should be free by 3 p.m. If Ihe meeling doesn't end time, I shall have to make my apologies and leave. She was reluctam 10 help us at first, but the end she agreed to do what she could. I'm not sure whether it'll be Thursday or Friday, but I'll definitdy be back . the weekend. Will you finish work _ ._.. time to do the shopping? We always used to have a party _ _ the end of term. I'd like to hold our next meeting _ _.._ _ 23rd March. Will that suit you?

103

EII

Complete the description with at, for, during, by, until or in.

The city of London was founded by the Romans II) ...I.~ ... the year 43 AD. (2) .P\.!d.OB.. the next few years it quickly became the main trading centre in Britain. (3) . two hundred years after the Romans left, the city

was almost forgotten. Its full importance did not return (.j . the eleventh century. (5) the end of that century, the government of England was based in Westminster and the Tower of london had been started. (61 the Middle Ages london continued to grow, and (7) the time of Shakespeare it had become a prosperous capital city with many fine buildings. Unfortunately, most of these buildings were made of wood and l.I , 1666 they were almost all destroyed by a fire which lasted I') several days. This was a great tragedy for the people living there (I0f _ that time, but it is true that many of the areas which are most attractive today were planned 1111 _._ the rebuilding which followed.

104

Complete the following description with for, during, by, until, at, in or on.

Eleanor is a nurse who works the night shift. How does she manage? Then I do some

'WeU I finish work (1) ...~_

6.30 a.m.

of the housework tha' dido', ge'

Then I go home, have a bath and try to be in bed {ll !'x. half pas' eight. 13I

dODe(,)

the day. I aUow plenty of time

to get to the hospital because if I'm not there

the same time as I'm getting ready for bed, Jeffrey, my husband, and our five· year-old

lIO)

Jeffrey takes her nursery school. I usually sleep (41

(11)

(11.) •. •

__._

I arrive. I'm often very tired

abou' 3 o'clock Ijl

time, another nurse will have to go on working

daugh'er, Elaine,

are getting up.

~<Ul

the afternoon. I have to be at the school l61 3.30, to collect Elaine. We come home and I play with her, and try to get some housework done 17l-.-....- ...- -... the same time. When my husband comes home, we eal. If I'm lucky, I can relax (IJ an bour befo", putting Elaine bed.

the time I finish, bu,l don', n:aUy mind. The",'sa

special atmosphere in the hospital (13) -. nighl. And the hours suit us, l14) the moment, anyway. I may want to work days when

Elaine goes a differen' school. Perbaps I'U be n:ady for a change IUI__ then.'

105

Prepositions of place ~

Units 122-125

Choose the carTecl words in the l:onversations.

A JAY:

ANNA:

Oh,look. Here's a photo taken in my classroom at primary school. Can you recognise (I) i.n...L..f!Il it? No, I don't think so. Unless that's you right t21.in.l..iI. the back. No, that's nOf me. I'm the one standing (Jl inl...iu the corner. In trouble as uSllal!

PlA:

J don'r understand this.

ULY:

What? Wdl. I want to check something with the college, but it says 14) i.n..Lo.n this letter that I must give a rderence numlxr when I phone, and I can't find il. It's in that linle booklet. lSI in1Jm the first page. Oops! So it is. Thanks.

me ANNA:

JAY:

PtAo

UlY: PIA:

liN,

Where's your sister? She's "li1..L.in a wedding. Oh? Where?

SUE:

i7l ALLIn

UN:

SUE'

Paris.

Who's getting married?

She IS. Oh. D

GARY:

What was that?

What? I'm sure I saw a face 18) at..L.ln the window. NICK: Don'l be silly. It's Ihe television, reflected (91lm.1.in Ihe glass.

l\'1CK:

GARY:

MEL:

JAN: MEL:

JAN:

106

Did you see Yves (I01.i.n.1...a.I [he dance? No, of course not. He went back (I11I..2l..in France last week. But I'm sure I saw him (121in...L.ml the bus yesterday. In facl, he waved to me when we arrived Ill) m...La.t the bus Slation. How strange. We'll have 10 investigate what he's up to!

Complete the note with in, on or at.

P,.r q,r~Ite, M.te, tk.teks f,r .f,."iltf t, st.! ill tlu fl.t .Isil, 1'", ill W.I,I. I 'lIdlll tis, kt, n~ Is,,.,'1 tk, lilt 'f .Is.t'l .Is,n tMt I !"..",i1,~ !'.: If ". 1111 tlsil k". MN j,Is1fJ,1I (1l ....!rL tis, fld (2) tlst f""ll1C~ fl"r MI. "I.n. If llu'l •••,. tlu l.dl,r~ li,,1 (3) tlu hmiltf (4) ••••••. _•••••••••• tis, tM 'f tlu Itrut. It'l uU,~ L.N,.,I ViU•• • d ht'l Mr E""NIII. n" blth ".'11 b, Hun .hilt 1'", •••,. Tlu ttlCtri,it! u~ f.1 ",.ill l.it,hlJ .n ($) .........•...•••••• tlu •• ll ('J tht b.,k 'f tlu I."f' 'Nlb,.~ (7J •••••••••••.•••••_ tlu Jt.~,. Y'N ,.te tNnt tlu . d " 'ff b, tlu I.rft t.1 181 tlu ,mur 'f tlu b.th,." I lui' ,'N .,te't II"~ t,. "" "'.~t • lilt 'f.U th, NI'P" Ih,1U IIN"'PtN I ,.te thitek 'f. It'l ItN,k 4') tlu kit,h". ~"r. I MI' !"l h." • f'H ti"'t. MN,h I,,,, Shirl,!

h,.

il£tir,~t3afd

STUDY l.-------~dGO,..

Prepositions (general)

Units 116 and 126-128

Choose the correct pre/Jositio"s.

Trouble at Norton Mining The entire workforce of Norton Mining has gone (1) onltA strike following a serious accident at the mine in Coolooma. The cause (2) for/of the accident Is unclear, but the union is blaming management atti· tudes (ll onlto safety regulaHons. A spokesperson said 'Damage (4) of/to equipment was ftoequently ignored and union demands 1.fJ for/of

safer working practices were

rejected. The managers' relaHonship (6) with/to the unton was very poor, so although v.oe pointed out that there'd been a rise (7) dim the

number d minor accidents over the past year, they said there was no need (8) for/of a change In working prac· Hces.' JoIm

_lhe

chainnan of Norton Mining, is away

(9) on/in a business trip. His secretary said she had spo-

ken to him (10) by/on the phone. The news of the accident had come (lllllke/aa a great shock to him, she added. She was unable to say when he would be back. It is understood that the pollee would like to speak to Mr Norton In connection (12) with/to a number of his financial deallngs.

107

Umlsl16andl?6-1l8 . .

~ Complete the answers to the questions. Use one of the prepositions in the box with the words provided and any other necessary words.

" 2

3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18

108

What's this room? (store room) We use it _'.IP..I!l..f}.Q.~..!J?:Q.!T.!,••• Where's Geraldine? (holiday) She's 3?!l.h9.!!f#.n,... What would you lih to do now? __ __ __ (shade) Let'S sit Why aren't you eating any cake? (diet) I'm _ Can you really afford to buy that CD player now? _.._ _._ (credit card) It's OK. I'U pay Surely they didn't drive all the way to Istanbul? (plane) No, they travelled _ Was the exhibition interesting? (little-known Russian artists) Yes. The works were all .... Why were so many people injured in the crash? (130 kilometres an hour) Because the train was travelling Why 3re you wrilmg so slowly? (capitalleners) Because 1have to put my address Can you ring 10 let me know you're home safely? . (phone) NOI very easily. You see, I'm nm What was the course like? (whole) Some parts were a bit dull, but it wasn't bad How do you get on with your facher? (beSt friend) 1regard him . Why is your hand so swollen? (wasp) I got stung What sort of car has Christine bought this time? (the last one) A Ford, Where's the fax machine? (photocopier) In the office, What are you doing in the summer holidays? (motorcycle messenger) I've got a job . Why were you so late? (fog) We got lost Why does Andrew keep making mistakes? (love) He must be

_._

. _

_._

_..... __

. . .

Adjectlve/Verb + preposition

Units 129-135

Find the mistakes and correct them. If there is no mistake write right.

h wasn't very sensible in you to leave your anorak at home in this weather. ..... ".,.y.~r.y.."!l..Il?,I,4!..flf.:J9.I,l.."'...

2 She's only crying because she wants you to feel sorry for her. Ignore her and she'll stop.

..g(r.1.tll. 3 When he had explained me what he was looking for, I was able to help him . .........@f'.I,wJn~.!9.,.m.~., ....__.. 4 Ik quiet, I don't want (0 discuss about the maner any more...t•.,.••P..!~II.'f.,~'U,~.~.f:fr._ " . 5 Joanna was very proud to her son when he won the race. _._ __ _ __._ . 6 I don"t think I'll come with you. I'm not really interested of folk music.

7 That man's smiling al me as if he knows me _ _ 8 One of the boys threw a bottle to the car and broke the windscreen.

__._.._.__

9 Mrs Mackenzie claimed she'd been sent by the local council, but when I phoned to check they said they'd never heard about such a person _ _ . 10 I'll make sure he gets the message before he leaves to the office in the morning. II How dare you accuse me of stealing? I wouldn't dream of doing such a thmg! 12 h's no good complaining about the problem if you're not prepared to do anythmg for it. 13 He's one of those people who believes by saying what he thinks, even when it upsets people. 14 After receivmg a tip-off, the customs officers searched to the car for drugs. 15 16 17 18

I'm so bored of this exercise I could scream. Are you nervous about addressing a large audience? I'm afraid your teacher was rather shocked for what I said I was furious at first, but after he had apologised me I calmed down.

. . .

Match the two halves of these selltences. He hasn't forgiven her I no longer care I'm old enough to look She's perfectly capable 5 He'll never succeed 6 I'm relying

A 1 2 3 4

B I 2 3 4

The lorry collided The bus crashed The square was full The minibus belonged 5 They borrowed the car 6 They blamed the accident

\ ~--

a b c d e f

on her to help me. for what she did. of managing alone. in changing her opinion. after myself. about what he thinks.

a b c d e f

of market stalls. with a line of cars. from a local family. on a pedestrian. into the railings. to a group of tourists.

109

Phrasal verbs ~ Complete the answers to these questions. NINA:

What shall I do with this form? (jUJU",. and send it to the address at the tOp. Is Sonia a fast runner? Oh, yes. Nobody else can keep __ _ . Why didn't you buy a dictionary? The bookshop has run _ .._._ . Di~ you believe Nicola's Story? No, I knew she must have made . .~ _ _. Do we need to finish this drawing before the metting? Yes, we do, so you'd bener get _ _ _.._ _ . What 3rt the girls doing in the garden with the tent? They want to put __ _ before they go away, to check that it's OK. Were you disappointed that Graham missed the meeting? Yes, we all felt he'd In .._ _ _.._ rather badly. Did Francesca play with her cousins when they came to stay? Oh, yes. She gOt very well.

JOHN: JUSt

FRED:

SUE:

3 ALAN: DAVE:

4 MAY: EVAN:

5 GREG: BILL:

6 7

alLA: ALIC: tH,

R1JJ1-I: IAN: JIM:

••

~ RewrIte the sentences replacing the underlined verbs with the correct form of one of the verbs in the box. Use your dIctIonary if neassary. carry on put up with

find out

-..#

go in for stand up for

188M httell eM think over

own up turn down

I'm sure we'll all remember this holiday with great pleasure.

...,,,..Wf.·!I.I.IJ..l.Q9.k..i?I!I."k..Q!:l.. ~!!'I'..b.Q!.~~y.., . .,... 2 The fireworks must be stored safely in order to avoid explodjo& them accidentally. .........l.!,..Qr.f\I.~r..k!.I.Y.9_'f\I ..~;r.!'!9.~~m ..Qf.f..~.~.1.41\1.!'!~J.IY., ... J I didn't expect to win the competition. I only entered it for a joke.

.............................

4 Unless you ~, we shall all be punished .

...................

5 Before you accept this offer, please consider it very carefully.

..................

6 We can't continue if you won't co-operate. 7 When the critics anacked her work she defended it vigorously. ................................................................. .......................•••••••••.••. 8 He was offered a new job but he rdJ.ixd it becaust he didn't want to move house.

..................................

9 We moved house because we couldn't bar the noise from the motorway any longer.

.........................................................................................................................................._

10 He had to leave when his boss discovered what he had been doing. ......................................................... ..........••••.•••••••........_---_

_-_

110

_._

Spelling

Put the nouns into groups to show bow they {ann plurals.

........ pany

Me,.

brick

kiss

tax

betty

query

brush

ghOSI

guy

I +s

.. ~

'<Il><!f>~ •........_._

play moth pony

spy

bus march

2 +Os ..m.,,~blrn'.K.h~." __

3.(+ies

..••.I1Yl• • I1!n

Put the lJerbs into groups to show how the -ing (ann ;s spell. The groups will not be the same

stze. enll'le)

free love widen

Ie.g<t

rebel

plan!

despair invade

refuse ,ub

1 + ing !:m.p.I.9Y/!l_m~!l.Q.._.__

chatter reply stay consider

fail

worry

Slare admit

edec swim

3 double letter + ing

2,+ing _.'r.9u~l~r.9!,l.i.!1.9

.. f9.re~f"'.r.e~t"A

111

KEY 1

J I'm laking I'm staying 5 OW"

, ••

I c:Hch

7 I'm making

I understand

Ihelp 11 theY're" har\'~tlng 11 they nnod IJ I like

I'm dc"e!opmg 15 Arc you commg I' I'm spending 17 want 18 II getS rou dn:,de ,-ou'te- domg

,.I'

2 F.x<lmple .Jnsu'ers

, •

I am lear",n~ 10 dri\e .\1) beSt friend IS dOing her homework Our next door neIghbour IS monng hou~ Our le;Kher is makmg us worl hard '\e\'er.ll of Ill} ..:olkagues are l.lklng exams .\Ir fafher IS nsltlng hiS brOlher

• 3 ,

IS gcumg 5 have are dlsappearmg 7 are nOl domg enJoy happens I. heat 11 meilS 12 .:onSISt JJ melt 14 believe 15 are already rismg 16 1I1Cludcs

, ••

7 I was walkmg ho~ when It started [0 rain. When Margaret opened Ihe door, [he phone was nnging.

•

Cora was reading 11 lentr when Jimmy phoned her. 10 Andy came out of the restaurant when he saw Jenny.

5 1 bUilt J wasn't sdlmg OCCUPied 5 read

, •• I.

was walling

7 nonctd .....as playmg was approachmg

11 grahbW Jl offered IJ was haVing 14 h,d 15 16 went

I,.

• ,, , •• I.

J was ha\lng

heard (;ontaClcd InVIted 7 was organlsmg I organiM'd rdused was preparing passed J1 went

12 m« iJ was slUdring h,d worked were serving announced persuaded was 10 were 2J decided 22 were earning I earned 14 15 16 17 18 J9

7 4 J While he was walking m the

mountams, Henry saw a bear. The students were plarmg a game when the professor arrived, 5 Felix phoned the fire brigade when the cooker caught fire. When the Sluter hred hIS plslol, the race began.

example amUleTS 2 was working I was eating I was sittmg

, m« 3

asked/wanted 5 returned I went back W;l.S walking 7 saw/~1 was vismng

, ••

11 wanted I planned I was plannmg 12 was lookmg IJ stolt/look I' was w,i1lung I was gomg 15 ~ganls[antd I' dt'Cldt'd 17 was gtltlng I' rang was ,,,IIo,,og was runmng 2J d«ldW 10 go for 14 wert lookmg 31 15 dropptd a salad I food all o,er 16 wu apologlsln~ 17 dropped a pile of pru.as on 10

,.I'

18 dIdo·! h;lH' to pay for 8

J Do \"I)U WJm are gCllm~ 5 did rOll dt'(:Ide

, •I.• 11

Jl Jl 14 1\ 16

•, ,

\loere Sla~ln~ \loc're lnln!: aren'l lookmg don'l h:l\-e \': (' wall! d,d lent man.lge-d we .:hoose ga\e was IIX,klllg

dIdn't understand

J taSles

believed 5 docsn't belong 6 are rou wearing 7 was logging comamed Do rOll see I• prefer J1 were watchmg

••

10 'm nOI usmg 5 're gl\mg 'm nOI gOing 7 m Irrlllg have

, • I.• '"

went 11 was shakmg

E:camp/~

answers

3 hUrls/aches

4 walk/go S 6 7 8 9

"Isned/saw are spendmg

walked/gOI was (omml: I was walking bcganlslaru:cJ am b(mg

11 man"l:.t-J

I! were 1oobnl1 13 Ilkdwanr 14 am f«lmg I f«1

12 1 ... bc-cau$C' (he tnfl.mecr

du1n.:J.

help ...

4 1Ight

5 is her health lropronnr.? 6 I compleltll aua: wllh ,·ou. -

\'('h,ll did lOY

d.2 .. ftt!

)OY left

s...hool? 8 "ght

9 ... whl ~ou bd1tttd 10 \l.Jrtln "u,s !OOklDl! fon-drd 10 ..

II "gl.t

11. \\ heft' do

)'QU

keep ...

'3 .! "It" ~n Hlllllll/: 1 \ l' ht-en drn 1II~ 4 'Ie neler h.ld 'Ie .llwan heeD {, '1 .. manageJ

' 'H: lome

'n" donI." I'u: b«n dOIOEt

S .. e ht-... n dOing ':l \1.' I,)obed I 'Ie been lookmg In h;ntn'! found

••

F.'y:<lmp!t· lln5Wers 1 'vI.' h.ld my h,m done. I've h..'C'n (0 lhl' h.llrdresstr, 4 'I'e occn lhoppmg 01110ns. 0; 'vc mid rny car. 6 nil my finger! 7 \c heen gumg to dancmg

"'f

<il;hQol.l 'vo: heen havmg lessons. !l 'Ie cawn

311./'\'1: fhushed II.

2 I've furgotten J Have lOU had 4 he's gonr ... He's bern haVing .5 Ha\"C' )'ou betn plaYing about 6 Havr you bern studymg 7 Havr j'OU had 8 he's fallw ... Ill." hasn't been working 9 Thr l:hlldren havr been cooking

114

17 2 Wlh ... hJ\C' I~'oul been malin!:. J dOll" "ant ... '\-e had .. Ha\{" I \OU I se.-n has nn:n suffering ... '" been 6 don'f lno" ... hasn"t ~rolen art' \oul staring ... h;nen"t....-en

b ..mlp/e "Ilswers 2 "m S3.\lng ... go j h,n-en't Sttn ... has he been domg 4 'm st.lymg ... haven', keen has hIed I has been Il\ing ~ Have you been walflng 6 don't you rest ... ha"en't had' haven't takcn 7 've been walching 8 's never been ... 's been studYing '''s been learning 9 has ... 's having

'9 Example allSwers 2 've been 3 want I"re planning I plan I've

9 10 11

J \'e b(rn 4 do/prcparc ~ '\{' seen I \-e visited 6 'rc dOing I h.1I'e

,1ft' (alw.l~sll:hanglng

10 's

~en w.1tl;hmg 11 look~ 12 ') (0111)') come I J 's commg 14 are sJ)C'ndlng 1~ Are ~ou (Il)opng 16 oll,n/run

21A ... "hleh I bjlle >"0 I $3,W .ld\enlscd III ,he: local p.1pt'r. ... when I ".1) '"ehe ;illd I h;us I,,-cd I h,uc bun lJ\!o~ here ner Since, I Id! )l.hpol,hre( )'Cao j1l::0 and \Ill\'t" !ben I b,m: bad <,('\(r.ll loh\ . }-or Ihl' P,l\! ).'- momh, I b.ln; b«o_~ III Ilall\ fht" m,lluger h..u..1.lliI that . I haH' b«o le.l[mn~ (;crm,lll

7 8

20 r..xamp/e allsu'ers

9 ') gone

2 havC'n't reallyenlo)ed m)sdf ~lnce rour binhday pan). j hasn 'f Sttn hiS brOlher for nearly' twemy }·ean. 4 bttn in Scotland since last Fnday./ gone 10 ScOl:land, 5 smce }'OU rode a bIke? 6 been sWlmmmg since we were 10 Spain. 7 weeks smce you udlw thIS room. I been weeks slllce you udled this room.

4 5 6

12 rains 13 've bttn "ve come 14 guess/supposc

8 makes

1 <; grl

~ for

10 has Wendy been II It's been sitting 12 I've bttn doing 1J Haven't you bought 14 She's been working 15 I've lost 16 Have you e\'er played 17 You'\'e been grumbhng 18 Yuurtennishasreally Improved! ... Ha\"C' you been praC1lslng

deCldcd 're enjoying I"ve been t'nJuying 've vISited "ve been wandermg' 'vc been walking haven"t sJXll! 've (;I,ken/'ve bttn takmg "vc been gening / \'e been dOing \'c h3d has been ~)'

218 r_'l:JlP/fJll' "nswer Dear M~ <jrark~. I would like!O appl\ for the tob III your shop \\hKh I\e seen ;ld\erlised III the p.1per. r .Im SC\(llIeen ye.H~ old. M~ f,rst lanl;ua~e IS Ita han, but I also speak quuc good German ,ll1d Engli~h. I h,lle no! yet left school. hut I ha\l: ~(JIllC expeflenc~ ,n workl11g in a \hop. a~ I ,omeWOl:S heip Ill> undt' who runs a small supcrm,lrkel. My class ICJl;her, Mr l'allll1l, has \;lid !hal h(' IS wllll11g to give me a

ref.. r~nce, I hupc yOIl will conSider m~' appllCatioll. Yours sl11cercly,

22 2dJf4:l5c6g

23 2 d,d you study ... rou qualiflw J did you firS! meet 4 )OU've cooked 5 wanted ... weren'!

6 has happl:ncd ,.. we've been walflng ,., hasn't phoot"d 7 posted ... haven't u'l;ell'ed

2. j 4

8 9 10 11

did )'OU do I was the did )·OU n«d did you want hdve )'ou Ottn (0 I have you ",sited .I,d you do Hd\e ~'OU hroughr I Do )OU hd\'e I Old )'OU hrmg I Ha\e you gor did you do d,dn't \OU do IIa\e you Itotl Do )'OU hone did \'OU hn:ome

2. bwmplt wflSlI'trs I In the rast -51"- months, I\e donc the \\JshmJ: up e\en 4 I hJ\co't hcen wmdsurhn~

n II

10 II

1 ..1,

hUI I hore 10 one dJI ~IIK(, lin lasl hlrlhdal, r\C hcTn rolkr.\I..ulI1J: e\ery \awrd.I\, I hJICO'lCJtl'n J huri:er recent I, , 1.lsl \CJr I hrul.c It'):. ~"01omh\ Oli:O I r.I\\rd ,Ill ,mporlant r"JIII. I"w n('\rr r1JJrn J h",lde III m\ life. I su(ked 01) thumb when 1 wa) J chIld. I gOl marned )t'sterda\ e,'cnlllg, ThiS week I\e been skIIng e\'\~rr dOl).

'III

26 l::o:umfJle allsu'ers j

4 ):

6 7 8

9 10

has been upc:ocd has (Neill had I dOll1g HJS (1'1113) \cen have (yuu) put spoke has forgol{en earned

27 bUn/pie a1lS~rs 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

have been had I have had gotlhad arnved did (you) have

helped dIdn't

J took 4 spem 5 havt replaced I has replaced 6 ha\'t become were 8 has ena bled 9 has really Impro\w 10 disappeared 11 lOok 12 ha\e be.,:OlTl(' I,) ha\e nm done 14 has hrought I,~ has sol,'ed

4 ~

...

8 9 10 II

Jrrlled dllo(:ol'ered had ~r'itd did not hJn~ hJJ gln"n hdd dlso mlsunderSlood rt'lulre<! susp«ted hold losl

6 7 8

9 10

(Ncil) llt"cn

5 6

8 9

33 2 was

11uslllta\ln~I was (luSI'

~omg

dlJ 4 dldn'I ~ S.1ld b {\'ped I was I)rm~ ~ 'd (nearly) Ii00shed j

m.1dt

9 hadn't

~l\'en

10 'd hc-tn addressml: I'd I-ttn dom~ I'd .Iddr,,;,eJ I'd done 1I refu<'w

34 I

\\.1'

\\orkll'~

2 dllJn'l

uS('

to be

1 bOld -I u'>t'J w pro\ It.!r 'i \\;\\ ~ru"hmJ:

6 rodl" ... ttl!

, \h aunt UltCt.! right rhe rlar bad ended . rhey hadn't brou~h[ . nobody had bou~b[ ,.. lfound ... they had mpjed up ... I hildn'l seen ... ,.. we decided ...

ha~

had com~ had cooked had given ,., had bten workmg J had worked had 1>«n worryml( had CUI had been lookmg had made

3. j

.1.1\ ~

1 I liked 12 came/starled 1 j took 14 've moved I moved 15 hasn't made 16 've made

4 I was 5 I'd been waltlOg II waired 6 Dldn'! you get 7 I left 8 I went II was gOl11g 9 Inotlccd 10 Iher had changed II I put 12 I didn't find 13 It shpped 14 1 w;\s waltmg 15 what had happened 16 [saw 17 You w~r~ laughing 18 lrealised 19 you had been sitting 20 'IUS( IOSl

bil\('

dolo: ... -I

"(1

c/'wllgr

S ... thrrt used 10 br;\ lomh.lll plllh ... b ... hread didn't uS( 10 laste like .. , .. , which uS(d 10 follow ,he ship ... 8 no change 9 Thr pU1'IIshmel'lts.1t our scbool used I() Ix Ilcry harsh ... 10 .. , we used 10 spend a lor of wile ,.. bur we dldn'r Usc to lu.:1J.J. 10 rhe i:arden, II 110 eh,mgl"

3. 1 u~('d to enlo}' 2 found j used 10 wea r -I Did people re,ll!) ~ admllted 6 oflen used [0 fall 7 were

8 was plannlOg 9 was wearing

u~e 10

thmk

37 2 I dldn'r use to like classical 3 4

5 6

7 8

musIc. I used to be Interested In my work. My' SISler used 10 borrow my leans. I My SISIU used 10 be Ihmnl'r. I dido"' use to cOloy air tra\d. I J dido 'f use to like air rr:nd./ r used 10 dl)hkc ,lIT travel. My brother usW 10 have long haLT. I usN to smoke". M\ paTcnts used 10 Il\c In th('

USA. 9 My uncle used 10 be a nanon..1 sWlmmmg ch<llmplon.

lOWe used to 11"(' In the lown. I We didn't use 10 bt h;l.pp).

38 FX.lmplc oJlfSlj~rs

3 I used 10 go to the 'merna ('\cr)S;alurdJ) mornmg "hen I "'.IS small. 4 I dldn', use to do my ho~worL unnll f.llied m\ exams. 'i I u\.ed HI be \('n- sh\, hUI no", I

haH'

IOh

of fnends.

{, I UsetllO w.lI.:h J 101 of ruhblsh on l("k\l\lnO when 1 .... .1\ J liJ. I ..tu.!o'( use 10 "C.If 1'!'Kllck "hen I \\.1\ J \wdcm. S I usc.'<I to work un IllY grandp;ut'm\' brm

III

m\,

Sl.:hool holidays.

3. 2 1 4 5 6 8 9 10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20

4. I I'm revismg Ihat 001)- lasls 3 I'll gel 4 dotS your e\coing class finish 5 Shall I c~ 6 I'm rncttmg - WIll )·ou lalk 8 he ..... on'l let 9 I'm playmg 10 I'll tl")' 11 he'll agret' 12 Will you be 13 II Stops raming 14 It will go 15 I'll tidy 16 .....e·re .....allmg 2

4. 2 I'll collect '"OU J I'll han.' to' 4 Ihcre Will prooobl\ be 5 Ihc .\lanaj!;mJ;; Dlrtl..l:or IS I,;ommg 6 ","c'lI be 7 Thc (onfcrcn(c doe-sn't open 8 I'll make surc 9 I'll rcad

43 hJJ hecn hopmg had did you hv~ were Do lOU know used to pass was hving Have you wnllcn haven'l flllished I've neen trymg has been cxpccllng has 100Ited Are you gomg work did you hear phoned was ehccking rang told Had you been cxp«tmg

40 3 did )"OU viSll ... wcrc 4 havcn't paId ", do I owe 5 dlsco,'cted ", had left

116

6 happencd 1 has happencd ... was 1 used to be ,.. has losl 7 had ... had been going I was going havc hun sortmg 8 spent missed 1had missed ... wcrc had ncvcr Icarnl 9 ha,·c always wanted ... ha\·c havc dccided

Exumple (mSu.'eT$

1 I'm vlslung my cousms m Sardillla./I'm gOing to visll ... 4 I'll be happy. 5 I'll cal out with my fflcnds, 6 I'll probably speak quilt guod English. 7 begins at SIX o'clock, 8 wc're having a ..:lass parly. ':I filllshcs on 30th May.

44 2 (I promise) J won't be late. 3 We'll deliver them on Friday. 4 Shall we go to the swimming club? 5 Will you stop fightmg! 6 Ii won'l open. 7 Shall I phone for an ambulance? 11'11 phone for an ambulance. 8 I .....on'l pay untilI've checked them. 1 I'm not paymg ...

4S J I'm going to be 2 he won't mind 3 I'm goms to go 4 Will you hold 5 thcy're gomg to raise 6 My car won'f sian 7 I'm going 10 StaT! 8 I'll cook

46 4 I'm gomg 10 get I I'm gcumg

5 I'll send 6 I'm gomg 10 '"ISIII I'm \lsltlng 7 I'll gl'e 8 \'1;1111 )-oU

9 I'll go 10 I'm gOing fO So« I I'm So«mg 11 Will )·ou ....ash 12 I .....on'l

47 pcopk ..... ill come I'll phone Shall I phone I'm gomg 10 So« I I'm Set'mg Will he gl\e Wt"re gomg to ad\(~rll'\(" ':l The l1,Jnl WIll lend 10 We'll do II he'll hclp J 4 _l 6 ... 8

48 ,"x<lmpll' <lnslt"t''S 1 I'm ~Olll~ 10 plJ~

1 I'm pIJ\m~ Jft..r .... ork. I'm not ~01O~ to ~o I I'm not gomg ahru,ld thiS veJr, (I promise) ['II pay you bad. at the ....-tt'kend, Where are you gomg 10 J;O f are you I;oing I are )"IJU plannml; to go I do you plan to go for your honepnoon? Why won't you t('11 me? ['ll h;lve 1\ll1ch with you hUI I won't comt' 10 st'l'lhc film Occau~e I've alrcady seen it. ['m 110{ g0101; to f,lil agJIO. Will )'011 turn the volume down please? I'm gomg 10 l'lt' a film Slar. f I'm gom8 10 appear m a film. I'm gOlOg to be In a film! {('nnl~

J 4 ~

6 7

8 9 10

4. 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

I'm mt'tllOg I'll nukc fimshes Shall I brmg I'm gomg to Ify Will )'00 remember rou gel J probably won't ha\·c

II my course starts 121arrivc 13 I'm spcndlOl; 14 you'll be dOlOg 15 I'll be gcttlng 16 I'll phone 17 I'll be wailing 18 I won't havc 19 What arc you dOlltg 20 m) fathcr IS am\'lOg 21 we'rc ha\'Ingl we're gomg TO h:l\c 22 Won', he be l ] he'll be suffermg 14 all the f.lomd)· IS coming 1:a11 thc famIly IS gomg to l:ome 25 I'll be preJnnng 26 I'm !>«Ing 2- 1 won', get 28 the)' close 29 c\'cr)thmg gon JO l!'llbel.it'sgolOgtObe ,11 the sun shlOes

50 1 (Quid h,nc phoned 2 muld 1 W.loS ahlc 4 ha\en't been able TO flOd 5 wuld 6 wuld ,.)uldn', 8 (Quid ha\e hrtn 'I wnc able 10

She may/might havc been feeling ured.

53 bample answers (note: may and mIght are equally acceptable for thest untences) 3 )'OU may/might gtl IOSI, 4 you may/might miss the Iraln. 5 you may/might gt' fat. 6 sht may/migh' be offended, 7 it ma)'/might b~ak down, 8 )'OU ma)'/might fall L1, 9 )'our boss may/mlght gt' angr}'. 10 )'OU may/mlgh' get spots.

54 I must be 2 mUSI ha\'c been j can't be 4 can't be 5 may be ha\'ing 6 can't ha\'e CntOred - may be de!i\'cnng 8 can'l ha\'e been con.,;entraung 9 must be

55 3 haH'met 4 Lnow

, '" ""

b h;1\'c sold

8 She mUSt have been held up lin the traffic).

5' I Must we do 2 should have posted J should be

4 must hav~ missed 5 n~n't havc ~hered 6 ought to 7 don't ha\e to 8 should ar",c 9 must have gCM lost

60 I must

2 nttdn'l 1 4 5 6 7 8 'I

Shouldn', shouldn't n~n't

muStn't should needn't should

•• ••

1,2~,'a4d5f6g

7 b

2 should g<ct th.. ~ontrau. needn't / don't need 10 I don't ha\<c to )pelld a long IIm<c at the museum If II'S not

8 ha,e lent

5' 4 I It" wuldn 'I pl,l) lennlS. Ille

5 6 7 tl

wasn'l ablc to play lenlllS. He couldn't daIKe./ll.. waSn't able to datKe, He was able to go to Ihe (oncert. He could listen I(llllusi,./ He was :Ible 10 lislen 10 lllusic. He .:ouldn't enler the table tennis competillon./lle wasn't able 10 emer the t:able lemHS competition.

5. (nore: m<lY ami tlllght lire I'qll.sll}' <lueprable for these se/lfellces) J lIe may/might bave slept b,ldly lasl night, 4 She ma~1nllght have dropped wmethlOg. 5 It ma)'/mlght be under ,hc bed. 6 Thcy may/might be planning a surprise, 7 Hc may/mlgh' h;n'e had somc bad news. 8 She lOlly/might be wotklng at home. 9 Shc may/mlghl have felt ,ired./

5. {note: may lind mtght art eq"Jl/y acceptable for 4,6 Gnd 8} 3 can't be hers, 4 may/might be In the car/offlcc. 5 must/mtght have been a present. 6 ma)'/might not have seen you. can't have seen you, 7 can't have done, 8 may/might havc been his brother/father/cousln ... can't have been Peter.

57 Id2(3f4e5a6b

58 ExJmple answers 3 Ka)' must have changed her mind about marrying him. 4 A pickpocket ma)'/might haH stolen it. 5 She must/ma)'/mlght be rcnung II from him, 6 It musl be a bomb! 7 It may/might ha\"C~ been selll by my brother.

Intere~ung,

4 shouldn't ha\<c spoh'll to m) mOl her like th,lI. 5 should haH phoned me b needn't ha,e made I dldn'r tlced 10 make 7 mUSln't fllld out what I've donc, 8 should mo\'e house now, 9 didn't have to I dldn'l n~d to call a taxI. 10 should check the timetable before we leave.

.3 J no change 4 .., you'd bem:r :t~k pernllSSlon. 5 no change 6 ... I'd hencf explam . 7 They'd bencr not go ... 8 no change

64 2 'd bener I should 3 have 10 4 should 5 have to 6 'd bener / should 7 should 8 should

117

9 have to 10 'dbetter/should II have to

12 should 13 'd bener / should

65 2 should check all the wmdows are shul wheneH~r \OU go OUI. 1 shouldn'l borrow mont') from pl"Opl.. 'ou hudh know. 4 had bettt'r / shoold kttp th.. door ~hul III ca'i.t' wmeont' ~~s

",.

ha\t' ro Ham regularh If you wanl 10 suuttd In alhlt'Il芦. 6 had lxttt'r nOI/ shouldn'l wear Ihat braLtlt'1 10 school, 7 don'l ha\C' 10 pay e\(rr<! for dtll\ t'r) , H had he-tter I should pICk those loma!{~s belon:' tMoy get tOO TlJlC'.

66 1 ought to hJ't' nslted me. 4 ought n0110 haH' used 11.1 oughl ro hJ\l;' .I\l..d hl\ I't"rml~~lUn,

OUlthr lU pILl II. b oughr n011l> he: plJ\lng wlIh m.IIL hc\, oughr m he an In~lrULtl"n kafkr. Ii Ilulthl ru h.ue phoned hn.

67 "x'/llIple ,ItISU'ers ~hould

re\lgn.1 reSlltn, I rcslgned. ,hould 1.lke mllre t\(erL"c./ 1.1k<' mort: excT<.:l<;e./ rO<:Jk morl' e"l"erLI'''. 4 ~hould ha\c (I new '<If, / h,I~.1 new c,Jr. 'i should.ldoes, 6 should work h:irdcr. I work harder.

68 1 he ~ees / he should Sl"C / hl' sec I shouldn'l bother f I wouldn'l borher j I check II should check 4 should (,arcth call/If Gareth calls / if Gareth should call 'i should I do / shall 1 do 6 Ihey should dlsapJlC'ar 7 I SC'arch II should Starch 8 we should walr I we walt 9 we should rem / we TC'nI 10 rhey should he / they are I

118

89 I We weTC' very surpri..ed Ihal Tom should behave / bC'haved In such a rude manner. 2 I asked a shop assislant for dIrections and he recommended trying the lourisr informalion office. or he recommended (lhatjl should Ir)路... or ht recommended (lhat) [ rr" ...

3 Tlgl" 4

Iflcan'tlean'm)hag~here,

6 You'd have to!)( sure lO uSt a repurable agency,/ You have to bC' sure ... 7 I wIIVcaolcould get you one if you're interC"Sted, 8 If 1 decided lO apply, would )'ou 11;1\1." me a reference? / if I dec:ide to appl), WIll ,'ou RI\'e me a reference?

74 f..)(.Jmple .J//5wers

.2 \,('hal" ould IOU do If \'OU

whal do you suggC"St I should do wllh lhem or whar do ~ou suggt"'ir I do with lhem? 'i TIght {u'Ouldn't would also bC' aeeeplJblel 6 not a questIon so no ques/Jon

won a IOllen pnze? \X'har w'ould IOU do If vou 53'" \Ol11Wne helOg mugged? 4 Whal would ,'ou do If \our house" "'as on fIre? 5 Whal ",ould )OU do If you wcrl." ha'LOI; a problem With

mark needed,

gramm;ar~

70 1 [miss 2 dOC"in'1 am\'e j won't refund 4 \OU reach 'i will you cut 6 Would you work dldn'r compldlo R I\'e checkfii ':l \'(ouldn'l m\ friends N:

71 ! h... dIdn't llle 1 You'lI fLOd 4 \'(ouldn't ~'our par..ots he proud 'i 1 Jon'r rellse 6 "ould you look for IOU weren't 8 would you fl."d 9 you could

72 F.xample allsr('e,s 2. (I low) much would

YOLI cam (if) you gor it? Would it help (if) 111."0l you some? 4 (What) colour would rou paint II (if) you re路decorated? 'i (What) will happen (if) yuu fall / ... {if) you don't pass?

73 2 If )'OU found a job ahroadl if )'oU could find a job ahroad, would you take it? 3 If ir wereJwas somewherl." I wanrlwamed to go, I'd cenainly consider il carefully, 4 I'd only consider lhal if I wereJwas sure about Ihe famil). 5 If lhe)' didn't trear me well,l'd he \'err mlse"T3ble.

6 Ilow would \'our farher react If )'00 left schuol~ \'('hat would happell If )'OUr leacher sleppt:d on a han,lIla ~km?

8 \'('hJt would hJpl't"n If "ou o\er\lepl? ':l \\: hal would

\OU and 'our II IOU dldn'l h,Ht, III e,UlI n1llnt"\? 10 \'(h.il \\ ould h.lppen 10 car rn,lnul,l<.;lUrCr\ If w... ,Ill rode hl<.;ydes? 11 \\:har \\tJUld h.lppt:ll II ,III rhe ()(lli"\l.ln~ rellrcd?

lnend~ do

75 rour ,mSll't'rs should ",)1'1' IIJ,. S./IIU' Slml'tures u5 111051' lit ~4.

7. Ie 7 d

l.f

3,1

'ig

77 I:XI/Illf!/I'II'/SWl'rs

mwouldn't work here lif) I

(If) I'd realised,] wouldn't h.lle

wercfw.h :Isked her 300m him. 4 (Youl wouldn't have hurt your~elf (if! you'd hern 100klO& whefe you were gOlOg, 5 (If) )'ou'd known] was cormng. would \'ou hale hrought one for me~

6 (Wouldl )'OU stilllo\'e me (If) I was/were poor? ,.. (if) I wasn'rlw..ren't 10klOlI;, what would )'ou sa)'? or (But If) I had (rea II)') losl all my money what would )'ou say/do~

15 gels some fresh alT, 16 what would you have saId?

F~'wmp/e allSwC'rs

2 If they hadn't cancelled so hut. Ihe travd wmpany would have gIVen them a rdund. J If the ITd,'tt agent hadn't f'111('d hIS final nam when he .... as a student, he wouldn', hale fell sorry for Cherry. 4 If he hadn't had a cancdl;l1Ion on a tOur WhKh Slarted lalcr In the summer. ke wouldn't haH' b«n able 10 transfer her bookmg.

)" If Ihe boC/kmg had"', hct-n transferred. her farhcr'~ mone, ...."ould h;.. e l>e1:n W;1Stro. 6 If Ihe> hadn't had a row, hiS glrlfru:nd .... ould ha,"C' bttn ""h him. - Ii Ihe> hadn'! httn the- onh nne-; UJH%ng alonC', ,hel wouldn"(

h;l\(

found

Ih('mlol:l\~

round ,h,' Slghl~ t~('lh('r. S If hI:' had (eJd <lhom Ihe- plJ~~ Ihn werc \1~lflnj::. she- "ouldn', gOing

halO; \\"C'nt mOIl III

her 11m,'

1..,1111110: hun about thCllI,

If ~he h,uln', f;ulrd ,hal n;lm .he "ouldn', hoi"" mer h...r

Imure

hu~I'l.Ind.

79 r ,T'ltllf./e u"~/I't·'S

1 I wouldn't h.: ,Ihk' ttl pial lor nn Iflt'nd~ It I h,ldn't pr,I~Il!oCd. 4 Ifrd mOl.. hom.. r:arhrr, I wouldn'lllt' ~o dr"rY, I'd be :ahll" W (onc.. mr:ltl" II!'d h,IJ ..omc hrc:akfa~t. (, If I'd rt'mt'mbered ttl hook S(al~ I.lq wrrk, Wt' could have gont 10 fhe conctrt, l ,.. we could go 10 fhe conCl"rt, 7 I wouldn't have heel1 fired If I h'ldn'l missed the bu~. II I wouldn't h;lvt' run out of pt'lrollf I'd ~toppcd \() huy '0111(',

80 f-.xumplt' <lmfl't'rs

) 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14

hadn't C,llen)o much, would be mme popul,H. didn't come to your p;lrty~ pressed thiS button? wouldn't h:l\e 10:01 arrrsted,l wouldn't be 10 thiS mrss, would )'ou do It? don't give them any. I you mustn'l give Ihem any. you had run OUt of money? will you give him a message? borrowed their btkes,

20 If I had mon: fret' time, I would tak.. morr rJ(('rcisr. 21 If people had rralisrd that smoking was dangrrous whrn thty wtre young they wouldn'l Ix- h'l\'ing serious health prohlrms now. 12 The first mOlOrwa)'S mlghl1would nrl'rr haIr h«n bUill if more people had bttn concerntd ahout pollution m tht 1960s. !J The srrds wouldn"1 hal'e died if the schoolchlldrrn had remembered 10 waltr thtm or Tht srrds would h:a\'C' grown If Iht schoolchildren hadn't forgoutn to wattr Ihtm, or .., if tht schoolchildrtn had watertd thtm. 14 If we don't protter wlldlifr now, rhtre will be nOlhlOg It/I for futurt gentratlons. 1,~ If peoplt rtalisM hovv Important It IS 10 con........ c l'nerg\" Ihn mighl1would do ~omrlhmg about It. }.6 If poor farml'rs "er..n't encouraged to grow UO~ to ~ ..II inslt'ad of food, Ihel wouldn'l hal·t prohlem~ fe'f:dmg ...

81 3 I wish I had a car, 4 I wish I worked III ,Ill off,,,e, I I Wish I waslwtre workin~ m an office. 5 I wish I lind wifh m)" son. / [ wish 1 wasl\\-ere hving wah m} son. 6 I wish I could swim. 7 I wish I hadn't listened to lho.' h:airdresser. tl I wi~h I didn't live In the CIl)". 9 I wish I were/was :l hl'licopll'r pilor. 10 I wish I'd worked harder,

82 I-.X,lmp/c answers

\IARTI:'-<: I Wish he'd wash his coffrr Cllp, I Wish hr wouldn't leave dlT" dothes around Iht room. I Wish he wouldn', comt m ble. I Wish he wouldn'r lie 111 ~d w'llching tdevision, IlER....JE:

I Wish he'd 11:11 mt: what's wrong, I Wish he wouldn'l sulk.

[ Wish he wouldn'l I1ltrrfer.. with my posseSSIons, I Wish he wouldn'l move my books around,

8. b(umplt allSII'L'rS

2 WIsh I waslwrre as nch as Jamrs, I Wish I 100 .lsi... rre ",h. 3 Wish I'd had danClIllZ lessons I Wish I had learned to dan,e 4 Wish I'd known. S Wishes the" hadn'l mm ed.1 wlshrs the; ,auld mOl'" ba,k agam, 6 lhe) Wish Ihey'd nev'er sla"r<1.

84 wrlllrn bv C.rorgt Orvldl. wrre budt I" the -"n'lrm

WJS

F.~)pllanS,

4 "as 11llemtd h\ (,ugllrlmo :\\a"011l, ~ ... .IS pamlrd bv P"assu, 6 was drslgned hv GUSlal" blld. \\-01\ dl'K:OIl'n,J h\ Ln"k dnd \\ at\(lIl,

8S 1 Th," hU~I1l .."man h.J.~ hccn

n)hhcd. lX't'n .I,l..d "Ill. / 'h.. h.ls h«n a~leJ OUI~ I ho: dlsh..- h,ll e hccn wa,h,"d, nTh.. pun,tun' has been nl<"nd<:d, - He\ r"IIn'J, III.. has relln,d. H J.lne Jllnl'~ ha. Ix'<n ("1«eI.. J, ':l 11r\ hel'll ~nlng./llr has het'n

\h("~

~lUng,

10 The uhl", ha~ dl~,lppt'arl'J, II He\ been arr("SleJ. I I-Ie h,l, been arrrsird. 12 Thel""(" passrd.

8. 2 Nearly £50,000 W.lS lakcn from Ihe hm,d saf... 3 )ever:11 of thr bedrooms wa.. aho broken lillO, 4 Arnell'S of value wt'rr reI110\Cu. S Sn.. ral pltCe, of equlpmcl1t wcre damaged. 6 ,Illd 7 Th(" ,hd \~ a~ lIl)Ured ,I!ld was lef! I) mg unconscIOus on the floor, S The thieves were arreslcd e.uh IhlS murnll\g,

87 I arc/Will be nrrded ... be SIgned? 2 can'l1won', ~ m'erhrard. j wouldn'l have Deen sackrd. 4 IS never answered .., are kepi ,.. h,l\'e Deen Wrtllen

119

5 had been w:tlered ... had been

'"'

suspected ... has b«n arrested ... 1$ bclllg questioned

••• 15

... (an/wdl be ldtnufied 7 was bcmg fe-org:Jmsed ... had b«-n mo\ed

••

I .. , her new grandson who lLU

b2m lasl "'ttk. 2

belonged 10 my /o:r.:IndmOlher. J fIght 4 ... 10) um...ra. !I's bema

bUill dido"' refer 10 )01,1.

8 right ... the mont'\ bad d1saPRC,uXd?

10 Children under the age of ~~'en

arc nor: allo....rd In

Ihl~

pool.

••

I go<

1 "Ill ~el I 4 goo I goo 6 werC'iMe gets 8 go<

, '"

'0<

90 2 was kept wailing for half an hour by the bank manager. ; must be paid hyemplo}'ers, 4 could h.l\e Ot.-c1I wrmen by rour brother? 5 IS used to do that lob nowadars. 6 were bemK made redundant h)' The firm almosT every week. 7 were not lIlfOTIlled that there had been a mlSlake, 8 be sem by your company next year? was dIstressed by the news about the famme. 10 hasn't been claimed. 11 e\er been asked for your opmion? 12 shouldn'f ha~e been o~ned hy fhe chIldren, 13 musl be worn by all VIsitors.

3 ... she should be having Ibe

I got stuck I was stuck

2 is dosed I has been closed J is compltted I has bec-n ,"omplered 4 be finished 5 Will be opened liS gomg to be oJX'ned I is being opened 6 has been invilW

7 will

haH~

been waslro liS

gomg to be wastro I wasled

... oo.:3USt' l[

«1W.W! thIS .... «k. .1 TM hrldge wlljH>S(d durmg 1M floods ... 6 ... 5()mronc will gCt hun In ;I mmute'. or ._, will be bun ...

ha\C~

b«n planlC'd ,

Will

1. Do )'OU II\e locallv? J What IS )'OUr addrns? I

wC'~

planted

were Ignored 10 should h.ne ~ spent

11 were elected 12 will be thrown

S 6

I ha\(: bttn taken I wert uken mrrod~d I ha\C' been Introduced J made I ha~'e m3de 4 were shown I ha~ belonged 6 W3S gtn"n was lolled 8 suffered I had suffered was rCSlored 10 added 11 d..,...sn"t fed 12 happened I had h,lppt'ned 11 "as ~m I had ~n s.r.'m 14 hcha\ed I had behal'(,'d be sackl:-d I j::el '>.ltked 16 15 m~'lted I ",ll be Innted

2 were

" .3

1 was secn J was gOing 4

'"w

had been told I had ocen ,lsked was ashd dIdn't know was told won't do 10 will do 11 has had 1 has ocen asked 12 be done

5 6 7 8

9 10

94 J has been closed. 4 was being used bas been buill were playing was building is bemg built was pollufN 10 ba\'e been caught

5 6 7 8

, ••

changed.

~bne

do )·ou I,,'e? When dId \'ou lea~e school? WhKh school dId you go m? Are )'OU working oow? Who do )'OU work for? 110" long ha~'e )'OU beeo workm& Ihere I for tbem? or Ho" long have )'ou .....orked Ihere I for tbem? Do )'OU cnlO)' )'our presem loh? \X'h) do )'OU "am m led\'e?

.7 1.

,S 6 ..,

2 .., I'm gomg to have my number

120

plaster laken off ".. 4 ... be's had a fine new bouse designed. 5 ... l"m bavmg blinds fitted on Ihe wmdows" 6 she had bml followed, 7 be'd had hIS poTfrall palmed ... 8 ... fO h;l\'e It str;lIghtened.

I~ one wtlb A SC'.1 ~'Je" ,1\.Idahle? h,1\e \OU beard dhout the sp«1J1 nIter we:.lre runlllll/l at the moment? Wh} dUll'f ,ou lake dd\'dnlJRC of It? Whal do I h.l\e to do to quahh lor II? Ituw mu~h would that he? Who should I make the ~'he\.fue payable IO?

••

1 how mudl Ju you weIgh? I what do you weigh?

J hnw lall are you? 4 What do rOil do Ifor a lI\'In,l.;11 Wh:u\ your 10bJOCtUPdWH1? 'j do you take regular exer':ISC? 6 Do you do any sport? I Du rOll take p:Ut in ,lII}' Sport? 7 Do yOll smoke:? 8 Ilave you (ever) tned 10 gin (it) up?

••

f.xample (lflSWerS 2 how much thts Jacket costs? I how much thiS Jacket IS? J where Ihe books aboul Russia are. 4 what UOle tbe laSt bus lea\'cs? I when fhe lasl bus kli\"n? Show fO use Ihis coffee machIne? I bow thIS coffee machme works?

6 why the C;lr has slOpped./ why the caT won't go. - where the m'lOager's office is? 8 when che firsc O[ymplC Games lOok place? 9 how old )'our sister is.

100 I Hal"e

bten fO

Th;lIland~

~ Ihls wOfd llltm? 3 1 low moch don II (;OS! 10 f1) 10 AUSlraha from here?

1 \Jt'hal

4 \Jt'e can'c remembtr .... here ~ ~ our pass pons, S nglJl 6 Woold )OU like 10 explain .... hal tbe problem IS? Ho.... lonlt dId II !jake )'OU to gel here? 8 :-0:0.... I UnderSfand ....b) mil l.l.uin:.lrd[ me aboul your lob! 9 nght 10 Whl dOD" prople 10 ) our ~ sho.... more respt"l.'l 10 lhe e1derh-?

101 R.I\.hd

1 1 -l i 11

7 8 9

10 II 12

~ald

~hc

....ork..d lor.l ~nl.lll puhl1shlnJ: (omrJn), Ihe W,II fhelr lI1.1rkerlOJ: manager, Ihe wmran~ had opt'ned an offln' In Bar\.t'lona. II had hetn U'f\ )u(<'))ful. ~he had been dlOscn 10 run ;I new offl(C m :-'Iadnd. ~h ... was 'omdYlOg Spar1lsh III the rHnlOg~, sht' dldn'l halt' much 11111e to en lor hcr~.. If. sh... hadn'l had lunch wllh a fnend for ;lsrs, she hoped all her fmllds wuuld come ;lnd VISit her in M:ldrid. she hJd I)\'en Ihere Ihe we..k hl'fore With her secrelary. Ih... y h:ldn't h;ld much mlle for Sightseeing, sh.. had HI gel back 10 work,

102 ~he

3 4 S 6 7 8

said I'd ohllousl)" hl'en III for days. I couldn'l go to work, I'm much 100 thm, 1don'lIdidn'l eal scnsibly, 1 needed 10 sl..y In b«I. 1 don'l keep my f1al w..rm enough. I'd gOt a n..sty cough.

10 I could phone her if I fell worse. II I'd feel benet 10 a few days, 12 1 need a good holiday,

103 2 was Upsel 3 wasn'l interesled 4 had promised to meet her I rromised to meel her S badn'l IUmed up / dldn'l lurn

6 dldn'l want 10 see }"ou - was a Idephooe 8 didn'l bellele lOU had med, / dldn'l beliele )00 tried. 9 she .....ould lalk 10 you. 10 was gomg 10 be lale for work

104 1 ;1 disco ....as held el'el') O1gbl. 3 said you could go horse, ndmg. 4 He said room ser'l<:e ....-JS J\,ulable. i lie ;,aid Ihe)' sened an IIl1emal1ona[ menu In Ihe dmmg.room. 6 He said.l fllness centre had been added to Ihe hOlers t..':llmes. III." s.ud Ihe l("nnlS courts could he booked free of char~e. g He saId the gJrdens had .1 wonderful \'ariel1' of f1o.... er~. 9 He said I'd 10\'e the pr,,-ale ht-ach. 10 He said gueslHould ll'>e lhe nearbr golf course free of charge.

10S 2 If/whether I hved locally. 3 my ;lddress. / whal my ;lddress was,/ where I lived. 4 when [ lefl school. / when I had left school. 5 which school I'd gonr/been to. I which school I wen! ro. 6 If/whelher I was workll1g now. 7 who I worked for. 8 how loog I'd been working lhere, f how long I'd been working for them. I ho\\ long I worked. 9 If/whelher [ enloyed my present job, 10 why I wanted to lea\'e,

106 2 (me) where I was gomg w spend Ihe holiday. 3 (me) whal 1would do when 1 leh school.

4 how the doctor knew her name. S (me) whelher/if I had an appomlmem. 6 whClherlif hiS Wife had seen hIS car keys. 7 wby she hadn'l phoned him. 8 James 10 carry hiS briefcase. 9 the r«epl100lSI when he could see lhe doctor.

107 1 'Where do you come from?' 3 "come from Dublin: 4 'That's .... here [was born 100: ~ '1'\1." bet'n 3 fan of I'OUN. for altes: 6 'I'm \er) flanered: 'Are you goml!- to the COlKert 1001ghl?' 8 'We .... 301 to,lHJl .... e h3\en'l h«n able 1O!!oCi 11Cke'IS, beeJu,< Ihefle' ~Id all bUI Ihe ITlO'il e'(pemlle ones and we can'l afford lhO'>e: 9 'Can lbey' ha\(~ wme OIl Ihe ,hraper rme?'

108 1 did

\00 sal

1 It'll 4 to Il·ll i .... ould 6

\llU

s,n

10 1,1\

... II 9 10 I1 12

wid U\ / Yld wid wuuldn'l !o.11 won'l sa) 'Ie a[r.... d} wid Icl1mc/sa} 13 lell

109 1 told

3 s.lId 4 fOld S h;ld said 6 to lell 7 ~.lId 8 Tell 9 was sayll1g

110 I ... she had losl her lob and n:.llt

shon of money. / shelt.iu...hill hcr lob and u ... 2 flgill 3 She was tclhna us about her fascmallOg trip ... / ... ~ talkw&: aboul .. , 4 rIght 5 ... the recepllOniSI wId us that the hOlel .., / ... gld that Ihe hor-e1 ..,

121

6 ... VISIIO" 001 [Q louch Ihetxhlhlls. 7 right (I{,t IS lldl tn/e) or n. the C.. SIIt ~ only optn ... (U'h,.,her It's stIli trw!' or not)

111 )

ulle-rruplln~ 01«1

4 In

l 6

spendtn~ C'mtrlO~

- 10 ,>pe.. k S IInng 9 l,tllng 10 10 hnn~ 11 10 he 11\ 109 12 workmg Il 10 suppo" 14 ~m~ dd;l'C'd I;: e-xp];unmg

112 1 to 'If"(' 110 \lSI! 3 po5lponln!it I pumng off .. pamlmwd('l,;Orallnl: l gOlnw\han/tmg 6 to delnc< to 'oC'nd I 10 I"'"r II til do i r., I"'hl 'J It,~mgloltC'ndmg III \Hlllnl: II In hdp 12. to 1011I

I; gnmg 14 ~~,ILIII~rcrh Inwr"ILIlll:

113 2 10 rldl.' ;

Wj.:111.'

4 <;cUIllI: <; to lose

6 hlttllll: ,;r,\'>hll1/t II In try ':I 10\1111: I hannl-: lo~r 10 lOral\C 1 I to he hl·lpcd 12 !O find

11. 2 Jasnn 3

S 6 7 8 9 10 11

122

to 51!.

Roger t-1npkms 10 h:llld o\'l.'r IhC'money, buymg Della the drums. I huymg them (for herl. Charlie fmlsh hiS homrwork I Charhe fmlsh II. 10 rtach Ihe shampoo, washmg. I to ~ washC'd. Sandra (!Ollay Ihe table. makmg Ihe mess. I havmg made Ihe mess. cleaning wmdow$. Iktt, 10 10m Ihem.

119

2 to speak

3 go

3 bC'ing shoUfC'd

4 5 6 7

waking amvt findmg sptndmg 8 sa}' 9 heillg

4 10 sack

5 10 have- workC'd 6 changmg 7 whC'lhC'f to say 8 bemg 9 to gC'1 10 10 pass II anybod~'/anY'onC'hC'lp 12 to d,scuss 13 asking 14 10 ha'·C' known

120 1 (If l<Xlkmg 4 ICJ n~k ~ 10 10 ., 10

11. &ilmpl,.ansu,"s 2 [Iearm lO....iIDID. al IhC' age of

3 J em·1 hC'lp!k..O:..lDi '" Mon ... 4 I don't practise spcaklDl: .End.nh as ... .'i I somenmC'S prC'tC'nd w....bl: lwmuu:: when ... 6 I J.lwdys en.:ouragC' rrorlt 10 rad books whICh. I rC'mC'mhC'r gomg 10 rhe qrs;y) .... but [ don'l rC'memhc-r (Dlon",:, It. dlthough II I enjo\ s"'lmmmg C'\-C'n ,hough I'm nor. 9 I C''(f'C'Ct IQ baH'!eft )l,hl)Ol h\ thC' C'od ... 101\ej{I\·C'nupgomglOd')I,lls. b!.J,-Juse Ihr(rr 100 no,)). I I I nften help 10 rrrrarc lun.. h II .....cckrnds.

S 9 10 II

pt'r'iuadmg htarmg ha\e fO achlt\t for kiting 110 ha\C' IC'I of sendmg 10 goms

121 4 had I:>een murderC'd 'i dldn'l 10\t

6 dldn'l murder ., waOled 8 haJ/ .......\ h.ulllg 9 .. sLed HI \\.,\ war\.hmg I I wid 11 ,.ll1ed I 1 nnu\.cd 14 had t.'X~red I had t>c-en e'(po;:'\.tmg I ~

,lll\\\

ered

"',I~

<'1111 \houl1og \\ert oh\lou~h h.l\mg look shoul1ng had !'OIlC lOlW duJn·r '" ,lilt heard C,lllle was \11I11,llkIl18 hc,ml wasn', sholillng phoned lalked told had dl'cided

118

W,l~

":Xo1lnple ilmUlers 2 Slltmg al home. 3 asklOg thell permission. 4 offtring 10 help you. S hdpmg f'C'OplC' who don 'I wanl

33 r,lkc 14 spill

117 A 3

1 a

'i/:

117 B 2 by eheekmg lhe inStrllClloO\. 3 spend 109 r()() long on one quesllon. 4 tune trying to sec how your friends are gl.'rring on. i" by allnwing lime to ehcck ,111 your answers. 6 cheatmg, in rhe long run.

16 118 19 20 21

22 11

24 2'i

26 27 18

29 30

wa~

wal(hlllg

pourlllg

16 dldn'r "".Ill! 17 crtpl 18 decided

6 having any proof.

39 ne\'er like

7 Ixmg late, 8 starting a long iournt')'.

40 1,11k l:am falkmg 41 had had

42 normally r:akes 43 fOok 44 wtnl

.., was going to leave I was leaving 'OS to murder '06 didn't walk I can't h:l\"( walked I couldn't have walked

'04

45 ~aw 46 was walking 47 saw 48 was srandmg 49 didn't see I couldn't sec '0 was ralkmg 51 dldn', .1O~y,er 52 remembered .IJ had lold I rold H \\,IS pb\ mit I WJ~ fo:0mfl. play wdlked 16 moo

",-

n~a~h«l

58 "as [ookmll.

';9 60

l 11 h15oCUl( 4 no ell.mgl' 5 illl omelette 6 '10 chomgr

,,,

'K-'tClIIcJ

'4 n.-am

~((lrf't'd \\('111

123 l ... (hi.- ~ tl"rnbl.... 4 .n brcau~ of Nd behj1\luu( \ nght 6 ... Rd>e',':.l

-II hold .Ilrc.llh lell

-, -,-2

1:01 '

1U nplJlII lU h.IH"

-4 Jldn', kr f"'ouldn'llt:l

-.-,

"','\

d,dn't 1..no\\ 1\.1' 1.l11..lllg rC.l!l\.t,J -9 Jr!,llIng '0 left 81 !>Celllg \\'cren',

"" " """ "

90 9'

b')ughl e.,rnlll!> 110 c.,rn went wem lu~t

•

12. l 4 cxperlt"nce5 scrnery ,~m

6 wealher

rooms

12.

, ~omt'

~cllled

h,ld Sl'en

96 h,ldn't 9- weill 9' found 99 C.ln'l havc been I wasn't

'00 dldn'l e,'cn go lO' had found OUI '02 means lOJ len I musl hal'e left

6 7

,h,

, ,

,h,

7 ,

," ,h,,h,

, Th, ,h,

9 '0 II

, ,

,h,

Il II '4 l\ 16

,h, ,h, ,h,

• ,he 18,- "lO

'9 [hI'

128

. and th.- \IJlanla and then go on to the- Phd,ppllIC'>, '" hefe h~ will make J ~pttt..h .lhou[ [he ~n ...rt)nmC"nt . :;:ft.c- !'mg JU,lII (arlo<; 01 th.-I,palll

JtrlH',j III I undon !OJ,)I tnr.l Ihro;l' d." 11"" to thc ll~I'cd !'mgJmll. 110; "'a, mt'l h) the Quttn and drme \\ IIh her 10 ffl.t. Bu,1..mgh,1I11 1',11.1,,·. Tnmtlrrn", ho; \\111 h,ilt' ffl.t. lun\h II IIh rho; (,(lIt"fnm "Irh,' ItlnL tit I-n/:l.lnJ and m lh,' l'\t:llmg Ill; 11111 hal<' lalL" \11th ~ hU'IlIt"'IIIt'n.

A ,-(lntcrt'tKI' I) 1,.Llllg pl..,c til ffl.t. \ 1t'\1'" (lIl "n \I JI, of hdpmg tht· unemplO\<,d III lhe JCleloplllg \lurid, A rcport \I ,I[ he '>(nt to the Unllrd Nallons, hur It 1\ fcart'd Ih:lI tlw- Ul1clllplll)lllt'nt 1\ III r~malll a prohkm III ~ rnO"1 lOUtlInes for nuny )'eaf~ 10 cnmt'.

r.x<lm{J!e answers

II views Il papers

4 5

,h, ,h,

129

9 paper '0 rxpenences

h,ilf (UI

92 file! 9} "',IS ,\.,Ikm!;

her

... the lurnllurc t.Ilo up roo much space. ... I glH' 'ou wmt" ad, I\r? I .1 rllxr 01 ad\ I~o:? right lO ... "',)~ a less ynrleas,lI11 CS[!Cflencl,'" th.ln I had ~1(pt"l.fl'J.

looking

"',IS

h.ld

shun ...

7 d,y

'4 \e ll\cd /'\1,' Ix'en hl'lll!, 85 used to hale I h:ld

2 3

127 4 Th, 5 ,h, 6 -

122

~.Il1ed

6\ sho... cd 66 shnunng 6- ""rH' halmtt I had hern halm!':

made

7 no chmgl' 9 a burger '0 a bowl of s.oup I soup II cherse 11 .I banana II a whet I Io:oHee

61 hold pl.tnneJ 61 had bttn \l~lIm~

63 64

moo was still bemg shouted at has ~n tdlmg I is rc:lli"~

'07 '0' '09 110

126

, , ,

S of Ihelll were wearmg ,horl,. 6 of them had M)<.'ks. 7 (ofl the m<'11 havelh,Hl he,Hd~, 8 (of) the men havelhad short half. 9 lof) rhe "'Cll "ere weanng

Il 13 '4 wm,

JO of the IIll'n ".,\ "'t'Jrmg

IS 16

11 of the men had a la<.ket. J of

, ,he ,- ,h,,h, '" ,h, 9 Thc

h<'lr~, ~unglasscs.

Ihe- men "as wcafmg a iacket.

12 of rhe mcn was (affYlllg a

UiJmpJe- ansu'/'TS IS In [he kitchen there is a sto\'e

130

wllh a frying-pan on It, '9 There's an egg in the frylllg' pan,

ncwspaper,

Exllnlple ansu'ffS

5 All of my fflends live m rhe City.

123

6 Lots of our neighbours have pets. 7 All pohucians are ambitiOus. 8 Some of my (Ous;ns are \'ery

p'><n. 9 Neuher of my pare-ntS enloys/enIO)" nOISy parues.

131 2 none of 1 Few/\IO)1 (!) 4 half(ofl ... dl1ol ... amof ... S mUSI ... a fell. 6 mu~h ca.:h

13S 3 whose

13.

136 A 3 a 4 a 8 a 9 b

2 amrhmj:, 3 All 4 bmh S none of Ihe 6 Ihem e\er) mornmg 8 :"';elther of 9 wmebo(l)10 !>Ome"herc II Imle 12 J. fell. 11 no 14 J.n~where l'i Tht" "hole 16 nothlll~

133 1 ... It ,mvhtx!) ~ lell ... 4 There J.re 00 j:ood rC<;I.lur.uII"

nOlhmg! S ... ht"~fm·nds. 6 r'Kilt '7 be.:J.u~~ all Ihe mformaUQD 8 [could have.uu seal .. ~ hecau'>C I h:wl' .IlllIll:./ I hjlH:n'l .lIl)'.I... I hn('o', gOI 10

=.1 have.um..clhomrwork.

I I have gOt a...h!u2f homework. I I right 12 ... ~mharra5sed Ihal ercr)"One ~ my problem. I ... Ihat everybody knows my problrm.

13. l Antomo SUadlv;lr1 was an hahan who made wondrrful violins. 3 Ibn Bartuta was a Moroccan who lf3vellOO Ihrough AfrIca and ASia. 4 johann GUlenberg was a German who cons,rucled ,he firSI mechamcal prlOlIng press. S joseph llSler was an Englishman who began Ihe usc

124

of antiseptics in operating ,heaut'S. 6 Orville Wrigh, was an American who flew the first real aeroplane. 7 joscph NleJl'CC' was a Frenchman who producr-d the firsl permanI'm photograph.

, 4

6 "7

where

9 10 11 12

.5 b

where

5 "RIII 6 she speaks

6 a

7 b

136 B Example unsu'n'S 3 b I ha\"e one aunt. She 1i~C'5 10 New York. She is getT1nj:, marned. 4 b Peter made ,he s.aodwi.:hrs. There is some cake tOO, The sandWIChes ha~r bc-en ca,en. bUI Ihere IS some .:akr lett. 'i a There are se\"eral parh. \'("r u'ol.'"d IV plav in ooe. It·s heen bUll, o.er, but Ihe others are still rhere. 6 h Our ~hool has one French teacher. He h\es near 001 house. He helps me wlrh 00) homework.

137 r..xJmpl.. UIISWf'fS 3 where rou have !O .....ear a lI~, 4 who enlo)" rock musIC. S which aren', in fashion. 6 which have plcmy of action. 7 whose parents argue. II 10 whom J can say any,hlOg.

138 2 really good cook. J eXlremely foolishly. 4 lery friendly lO(wards) us. 5 practical (to me). 6 hard. 7 weliloday? 8 a fasl swimmer.

3 4 5 6 7 8

efficiemly hard surprislOgly quickl)' lalely fluem

wmplKil!td If )'OU IfIed hiwi.

Iha'

10 •

13' 2 8000

near plusanl busy easily differrm absolulely 15 good 16 accurate

'.0 3 M'Cme-d unorceswnh

8 -

whollha,

9 10 II 12 13 14

~ French, 7 an tx!,;cpllQoillly demandlOg lob, S she's lnlI. enough ...

9 "ghl 10 3

,.,

\'el)'

:tl::.dJ.-pald lob.

l ,he lowes! 3 better ,han 4 .... o~ ,han I no! ,)s .....ell ilsl nOi so "ell .IS 5 higher Ihan 6 le~~ (he '>.Iffi(' , .. d~ 8 more ,han 9 le~~ ,han

f_'CJmple UI/$Wt'1$ JJ Jill ~olle.;!l'd more ,h,m All.'"'\" or \'('J\-oe. 14 Brunwcn loll~!ed ,he ~amt' aml/um a~ Jill. I ~ Wallie colla;tl'd the ICJs' 1',lper. 16 Aiel, dldn'! Wlled.l~ much ,IS Bronwen, hUI he .'ollecled ll10re ,han Wayne. I ~ Jill colletlcd twelll)' kilos les~ ,hall Flora, blll five kilos more than Alex.

I.'

S much e.l~ier !han 6 the be'l Ihe highc~1 ll1ounl:lln S fanhcrlfurther north than 9 nOl as W;Ull1 as / nVl so warm

10 II 12 13 14 15 16 17

"larer earher herc Ihan any (asler as fast as shorler ,han I am lany) heller worsc as much money as / w much money as

143 J Cr:lIg has occasIonally offered to work through lunch. 4 Angela Isn'( usually in ,hc offi,c at lunch-Ilmc, .S John .....on·' usuall)' dooverum.... 6 Cr;lIg usually lcavtS Iarer Ihan clsc. Angela has hardl)' ncr faken a

C\f;'r)'onc

off. g John hardl) ncr has ~andwl(hcs for lum:h. dol)

9 Cr;ng IS hardh

CI'ef

.11.

144 1 \X'dl. Ihc downsfairs ones an." dl"J~s locked. 4

ha\l' a kw,;k on (he lillIe one In Ihe hall. <; \'('cll. Ilhmk most ollhe .... mdows WCfC prIIl-ahl) lodtcd. 6 Ther WCU' JlllOl:kcd un Frida). \'('e (,ttl

I ktlc" we would Ix,lIh bo: OUf all dJ). 8 I defllllldy dido'"

145 1 "dS prohahh I-o;J(cJ. 4 h,n n('\C'r t-n-n then". <; oiltn has J rnl aMul thl<' IlIIl.'. b h,h ,llmost Ilnl~hcJ II. h,I<'Il'l c\ en hecn 10\ lIC'd. S hOlh ".In! {<\ m.lfn Al1u',

4 umil

2 fh 1 Junng In

6 -

7 '"

,<!by

,,. " 8

'0'

during

11 unlil

1Z b, IJ

" "

15 b,

149 2

" '"

J 4

'"00

5 6

" , "m

I. 8

"'0

11 12 IJ

2 00 1 m 4

" "m

2 of

4 w

111

IJ at 14 on

147 1 For 4 unnl

5 B)/At 6 Ourl11wln "'7 hr ,

9 for/10 al II dunng

_~ \'ery proud Wher son 6 mlercsted 10 folk mUSK:. 7 fight 8 ." Ihrew a boule iUlhe car 9 ... Ihe~"d ne\er heard llf such a

person. 10 ... heforehe ka\CSWlhe offlf;:e m the mormng. II rrxht 11 do ;mnhm~ ilbo..w.ll. IJ \\ ho helLen'., 10 U)lI1g wh.ll he Ihmh . 14 s(ilr~hcd thp:ar for drug\. I~ hured ill1h thl\ ewr~l\e ... 16 n~j.1 I ~ ... \hod",'d.ulln "hal 1'i;l1d. III he had apol~I'it'd 19 mt' •••

'" '0'

6 wllh

8 foe

10 II

154 B Ih2eLl-lI~~fod

155 2 up lWllh h('"rl. 3 uut lultheml. 4 II up. ~ on "lib ll. (, It up ll'idoWJl

8 on wllh ,b('"111

10111 11 or

153

"'7

151

8 IInol 00

13 hya wasp. 14 like Ihe lasl one. 15 by Ihe phollxopler. 16 as a motorcycle messenger. 17 In the fog. 181010\e.

150

.\ 6

146 4 unlll 'i .Il ...

148 J A<

0" "0

12 wah

152 3 in the shade. 4 on a dlel.

5 by credll card. 6 by plane. 7 by Il\lk-lmown RUSSian anlsts. 8 al 130 kilomeues an hour, 9 In capllallelters. 10 on Ihe phone. II on Ihe whole. 12 as my besl friend.

156 3 r only well!

III for II for a loh. " Unless you ~ we shall all

be pUJllshed.

... please thw.k II .Q'i.t:.r ,ery c.ucfully. 6 We can't l:illi.)::....Q if you won't ~

c()·(Jpcr~le.

7 ... ,he St\Kld Ill' for 11 \lgortJll)ly. 8 hut he wrw:.l.! II iJ.m'Lll ... 9 he~.IIl~e Wi.' couldn'l t.'.U.l..IUl

nJili thc

nOlsc ...

10 .. , \\ hen hiS !loss found out what he h.ld bttn domg.

125

157 1 .. bricks pl:Jys moths

ghom

laxts

huSt's

J...,... ies spies

panlM bern" quenes

~IlH

hrushcs marches

158 I ... ing

!;+ing

J double leller ... ing

~h.l1tl."rmg

<,l.lrmfo:,

fJdm~

IO\log

rdx路llmg referring

"orr\l0l: fr("comg pbnung Tl."plYlng dl."~paLring ~t .." mg \",dffilnfo:,

~onsldl."rmg

126

2 ... es kis5ts

Tt'(usmg

imadmg

pomes

.Idrmtlmg s.... rmmlllg ruhhmg

English

Vocabulary in Use elementary

CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

PUBLISHED BY THE PRESS SYNDICATE OF THE UNNERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE

The Pitt Building, Trumpington Street, Cambridge, United Kingdom CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS

The Edinburgh Building, Cambridge CB2 2RU, UK www.cup.cam.ac.uk 40 West 20th Street, New York, NY 10011-4211, USA www.cup.org 10 Stamford Road, Oakleigh, Melbourne 3166, Australia Ruiz de Alarcon 13, 28014 Madrid, Spain ÂŠ Cambridge University Press 1999

This book is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press. First published 1999 Reprinted 1999 Printed in the United Kingdom at the University Press, Cambridge

Typeface (see design) System (see design)

[UPH]

A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library

ISBN 0 521 599571 (with answers) ISBN 0 521 656257 (without answers)

Contents Acknowledgements Introduction

3 4

Learner training 1 Talking about language (noun, verb, plural, etc.) 2 Learning vocabulary (collocation, pictures and diagrams)

Everyday verbs 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

12 13 14

Have/had/had (have breakfast, have time) Go/went/gone (go away, go shopping) Do/did/done (do an exercise, do your best) Make/made/made (make coffee, make a mistake) Come/came/come (come in, come from) Take/took/taken (take the bus, take a photo) Bring/brought/brought (bring sth. here, bring back) Get/got/got (get a job, get tired) Phrasal verbs (put on, turn down) Every day things (watch TV, wash clothes) Talking (say, tell) Moving (walk, carry)

Words and grammar 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27

Conjunctions and connecting words (because, only) Time words (1): days, months and seasons (Monday, July, winter) Time words (2) (next year, often) Places (middle, front, abroad) Manner (fast, loud) Irregular verbs (run, drink) Common uncountable words (bread, money) Common adjectives: good and bad things (nice, awful) Common adjectives: people (happy, horrible) Words and prepositions (wait for, good at) Prefixes (impossible, ex-president) Suffixes (useful, useless) Words you may confuse (quiet/quite; lend/borrow)

People 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35

Birth, marriage and death (birthday, married) The family (mother, uncle) Parts of the body (head, foot) Clothes (hat, shirt) Describing people (tall, dark, handsome) Health and illness (headache, heart attack) Feelings (love, tired) Greetings and other useful phrases (Good morning, Happy New Year)

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

The world 36 37 38 39 40 41 42

Countries, languages and people (America, Chinese, Greek) Weather (cold, rain) In the town (railway station, bank) In the countryside (hill, farm) Animals and pets (horse, giraffe) Travelling (train, map) Notices (No smoking, Out of order)

At home 43 44 45 46

Food and drink (rice, tea) In the kitchen (fridge, glass) In the bedroom and bathroom (wardrobe, shampoo) In the living room (bookshelf, lamp)

School and workplace 47 Jobs (secretary, factory) 48 At school and university (biology, notebook) 49 Communications (phone box, computer)

Leisure 50 Holidays (package holiday, phrase book)

5J Shops and shopping (butcher's, department store) 52 In a hotel (single room, key) 53 54 55 56

Eating out (cafe, menu) Sports (table tennis, judo) Cinema (western, film star) Leisure at home (gardening, listening to CDs)

Social issues 57 58 59 60

Crime (murder, prison) The media (TV channel, magazine) Everyday problems (untidy, in a bad mood) Global problems (war, strike)

Answer key 126 List of phonetic symbols 157 Index 158

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Acknowledgements We would like to thank Gillian Lazar, Geraldine Mark and Stuart Redman for their invaluable reports on the initial manuscript. We are also grateful to the students and staff at various institutions who assisted in piloting the material in different parts of the world: Hiilya Akgiin, Ozel G6kdil Lisesi, Istanbul, Turkey; Monika Barczyk, Sosnowiec, Poland; Anna Cerna, The Bell School, Prague, Czech Republic; Leigh Fergus, Paris, France; Sharon Hartle, Verona, Italy; Gary Hicks and David Parry, Embassy Language and Training Centre, Hove, England; Grazyna Kanska, Warsaw, Poland; Stephanie Lott, St. John's-Bell Language Centre, Bangkok, Thailand; Elena Marinina, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia; Dr Miroslawa Modrzewska, Gdansk, Poland; Dr Ramzy Radwan, Cairo, Egypt; M G Rogers, English One, Seville, Spain; Margot Teschendorf, Melbourne, Australia. Many thanks are due to N6irfn Burke of Cambridge University Press, who guided this book through the editorial process. She set the deadlines that motivated us to get the book done, and chased us when we lagged behind. Geraldine Mark, as usual, proved to be the most professional of editors when the typescript passed into her hands and made many useful comments that have improved the book. Ellen Shaw, who worked on the American edition of the upper-intermediate English Vocabulary in Use, has continued to offer sound advice which we hope is reflected at this level. Our domestic partners must always get a special thank-you for being so tolerant of the long hours we spend away from them in the company of our computer keyboards. Whatever faults and shortcomings remain in the book must be laid entirely at our door. Michael McCarthy Felicity O'Dell Cambridge, January 1998

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Introduction To the student This book has been written to help you learn new vocabulary. You already know hundreds of English words, but to speak and write English in normal situations you need at least 1-2,000 words. In this book, there are around 1,250 new words and phrases for you to learn. You will find them on the left-hand page of each unit. Every new word or phrase is used in a sentence, or in a conversation, or has a picture with it, or has some explanation of what it means. On the right-hand page there are exercises and other activities to help you practise using the words and to help you to remember them. The book has been written so that you can use it yourself, without a teacher. You can do the units in any order you like, but we believe it is a good idea if you do Units 1 and 2 first, as they will help you to work with the rest of the book in the best possible way. The key at the end of the book is for you to check your answers to the exercises after you do them. The key sometimes has more than one answer. This is because often there is not just one correct way of saying something. The key also has possible answers for most of the exercises which are open-ended, or where you are asked to talk about yourself. The index at the end of the book has all the important words and phrases from the lefthand pages. The index also tells you how to pronounce words. There is a table of phonetic symbols to help you understand the pronunciation on page 157. You should also have a dictionary with you when you use the book. This is because sometimes you may want to check the meaning of something, or find a word in your own language to help you remember the English word. Sometimes, you will also need a dictionary for the exercises; we tell you when this is so. To learn a lot of vocabulary, you have to do two things: 1 Study each unit of the book carefully and do all the exercises. Check your answers in the key. Repeat the units after a month, and then again after three months, and see how much you have learnt and how much you have forgotten. Repeating work is very important. 2 Develop ways of your own to study and learn new words and phrases which are not in this book. For example, every time you see or hear an interesting phrase, write it in a notebook, and write who said it or wrote it, and in what situation, as well as what it means. Here is an interesting example: ready: (rYIill1 il+ +he- doov- of il +he-il+v-e-, +0 ill! +he- pe-ople- Wil;+;~ 'Have your tickets ready please!' = have your ticket in your hand. Making notes of the situations words are used in will help you to remember them and to use them at the right moment. We hope you like this book. When you have finished it, you can go to the next book in the series, English Vocabulary in Use: pre-intermediate and intermediate, and after that, to the higher level, English Vocabulary in Use: upper-intermediate and advanced.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

To the teacher This book can be used in class or as a self-study book. It is intended to take learners from a very basic level of vocabulary to a level where they can use around 2,000 words and phrases. The vocabulary has been chosen for its usefulness in everyday situations, and the authors consulted a written and spoken corpus of present-day English to help them decide on the words and phrases to be included. The new vocabulary (on average 20-25 items per unit) is presented with illustrations and explanations on the left-hand page, and there arc exercises and activities on the right-hand page. There is a key and an index with pronunciation for all the key vocabulary. The book focuses not just on single words, but on useful phrases and collocations. For example, difficult teaching points such as the difference between do and make, are dealt with through collocation (we do our homework, but we make mistakes), and useful phrases (e.g. come along, in the unit on come) are presented. The book is organised around everyday topics, but also has units devoted to core verbs such as get and bring/take, as well as units concerned with ways of learning vocabulary. Typical errors are indicated where appropriate, and the most typical meanings and uses are focused on for each key item. The units in the book can be used in any order you like, but we would advise doing the initial units on learning vocabulary (Units 1 and 2) first, as these lay the foundations for the rest of the book. The right-hand pages offer a variety of different types of activities, some traditional ones such as gap-filling, but also more open-ended ones and personalised activities which enable learners to talk about their own lives. Although the activities and exercises are designed for self-study, they can be easily adapted for pair-work, group-work or whole-class activities in the usual way. The key sometimes gives alternative answers to the exercises, and also usually gives possible model answers for the more personalised ones. When the learners have worked through a group of units, it is a good idea to repeat some of the work (for example, the exercises) and to expand on the meaning and use of key words and phrases by extra discussion in class, and find other examples of the key items in other texts and situations. This can be done at intervals of one to three months after first working on a unit. This is important, since it is usually the case that a learner needs five to seven exposures to a word or phrase before they can really know it, and no single book can do enough to ensure that words are always learnt first time. When your students have finished all the units in this book, they will be ready to move on to the two higher level books in this series: English Vocabulary in Use: pre-intermediate and intermediate, by Stuart Redman, and after that, to the higher level, English Vocabulary in Use: upper-intermediate and advanced, by the same authors as this book. We hope you enjoy using the book.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Talking about language Language words This book uses some grammar words in English.

grammar word

meaning

example

noun

a person or thing

book, girl, pen

verb

something we do

do, read, write

adjective

describes a person or thing

good,

adverb

describes a verb

slowly, badly

preposition

a little word used before a noun or pronoun

in, on, by, at

singular

just one

book, house

plural

more than one

books, houses

phrase

a group of words (not a complete sentence)

in a house, at home, an old man

sentence

a complete idea in writing, e man went into the beginning with a room and closed the capital letter and ending doy with aCfull stop)....---------

bad,happ~long

paragraph

This book has 60 units. Each unit has 2 pages.

dialogue

Ann: How's Jo? Bill: OK, thanks.

question

1\ e you English? Do you like scho

answer

reply to a question

Yes, I am. No, I don't.

The language of the exercises in this book Here are some of the instructions which we often use for the exercises.

2 3 4 5

Match the words on the left with the words on the right. Draw lines. orange -........ /lCe-cream chocolate ..:>c...-juice Fill the gaps in the sentence. Jack is .. ilf. . home today. Correct the mistakes in the sentences. Jack is ffi home today. Jae-.lc i.; at hOMe- tocJa~. Complete the sentence for yourself. I go to work by ... ~.'!.;, .. Add another example. cat, dog, horse ... 0J~ ...

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

your language

Exercises I â&#x20AC;˘I

Write the grammar words in A opposite in your own language.

I .2

Look at B opposite. Write the exercise instructions in your own language.

I .;)

Write these words in the correct column. book write

speak good word house have new man right blue say

noun

verb

adjective

Dook-

1.4

Think of four examples of prepositions.

1.5

Are these phrases, sentences or questions? 1 2 3 4 5 6

I .6

in the park ~hrd<;;eDo you speak English? a black cat She's writing a book. What's your name? I like English.

Answer these questions. 1 2 3 4 5 6

What is the plural of book? What is the singular of men? Is from a verb? Is cat an adjective? Is 'Jane loves Hari.' a phrase? Is bad an adverb?

I .7 Follow these instructions. 1 2 3 4 5

Fill the gap in the question. What IL .. your name? Add another example of a colour. black, green, blue ... Correct these words. speek, inglish Answer this question. Is there a river in your town? Match the verbs on the left with the nouns on the right. Draw lines. make homework do a shower have a mistake English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Learning vocabulary Tip: Keep a vocabulary notebook. Write the words you learn from this book in it. Use a good dictionary. Ask your teacher to recommend one. You will need it for some exercises in this book. Here are some ways of writing down words you want to learn.

Write down words that go together (collocations) You do the exercises in this book. Sometimes, you may make mistakes in your English. In your vocabulary book, write down: do an exercise and make a mistake. When words are used together like this, we call it a collocation. You go by train, but on foot (= walking) . preposition + noun Some people are good at languages [NOT good-ffi] adjective + preposition I saw a very taU man [NOT high- man] adjective + noun

Tip: Always write down collocations when you learn a new word.

Learn words in families word family

some words in the family

temperature

hot, warm, cool, cold

travel

ticket, passport, suitcase

Tip: Make a page for every different word family in your vocabulary notebook.

Pictures and diagrams Draw pictures. For example: car

boot~

window wheel

headlight

door Draw diagrams like this one. Put more words in as you learn them.

Tip: When you can, use pictures and diagrams. One more tip: Look at the words you have written down again and again and again! 8

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 1.1

Look at Unit 3 of this book. How many more collocations for have could you write in your vocabulary notebook? have a party, a shower.

1.1

Which words can go with weather? Use a dictionary. wet

1.]

high

big

dry

warm

cool

ramy

dark

There are two word families here. What are they? Put them in the table. Use a dictionary. school

ram

sun

teacher

name of family

1.4

happy

cloud

exam

snow

ICe

student

words in family

Draw simple pictures to help you remember these words, as in the example. Example: to cry 1 a plane lands 2 sunny weather 3 under the table

1.5

Put words in the empty circles.

Tip: Now make sure you have started a vocabulary notebook before you do the other units in this book.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Have/had/had What can you have? You can ... 1 have lunch 2 have a party 3 have a lesson 4 have a cup of tea/coffee 5 have a shower

Other things you can have example

other things

lunch

dinner

a party

a meeting

a lesson

an exam

,tea/coffee

a drink

a shower

a bath

Expressions with have

c~mera?

breakfast

a meal

a competition homework a sandwich a sWim

something to eat a game (of footballIchess/cards)

an appointment (with the dentist) an Ice-cream

some cheese

a sauna

~L ~ rtJ1I ~~lll4' ~J -- ~~~~ ~. "-

Is that your Can I have a look? (= look at It) ~/b Is that your bicycle? Can I have a go? (= ride it) Goodbye! Have a good journey! (= somebody is going away) Do you have a moment? (= have some time) Can I have a word with you? (= speak to you) We always have a good time in our English lessons (= fun; we enjoy them) I'm going to have my hair cut. See you later. Can you meet me at the hairdresser's? I want to learn to ski but I don't have the time.

M\ \

Have + got (speaking/informal) = have (writing/formal) I've got three sisters. Have you got any brothers and sisters? My house is big. It's got five bedrooms and three bathrooms. We've got ten minutes before the train goes. Have you got a pen? (In a shop) A: Do you sell postcards? B: Yes, but we haven't got any at the moment. I've got a problem. Can I have a word with you? I've got a cold / a headache.

Have to We use have to when the situation means you must do something. The museum's not free. You have to pay $10 to go in. All students have to do the exam. I haven't got a car, so I have to walk to school every day.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 3. I

Fill the gaps in the sentences. Use words from A and B opposite. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

3.2

Answer the questions about yourself. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

3.3

I always have. (and. ) for breakfast. I have an with the dentist at 3 o'clock. Do you want to have a game of .. ? Jane's having a . . on Saturday. Are you going? Do you want to have a ? The bathroom's just here. I have an . . tomorrow, so I have to study tonight. We must have a .. to talk about these problems. I'm going to the cafeteria to have a Do you want to come? The hotel has a swimming pool, so we can have a. . every day. We can have. ... before the film, or we can eat after it.

Have you got any brothers or sisters? What time do you have English lessons? What do you have for lunch? Do you have to go to lessons every day? How many pens have you got with you now? Do you always have a party on your birthday? What do you usually have when you go to a restaurant?

Do the crossword. 2

Across 1 You have it in a restaurant. 3 People often have one on their birthday. 5 Do you want to have a . .... of tennis? Down 2 You have it at school or university. 4 If you don't like coffee, you can have

3.4

What do you say? 1 2 3 4

(Someone (Someone (Someone (Someone

is thirsty) Why don't you have. . ? is going away) Bye! Have a . . ! sneezes [Atchoo!] and has a red nose) Oh! have you got a . has a new camera) Is that new? Can I have. .?

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Go/went/gone

Go Go means to move from one place to another. A

I go to work by bike. My brother goes by car. We went to Paris last summer. Shall we go to the swimming pool today?

You can go to a place on foot or in some kind of transport. To make it clear that we are going on foot we can say: We're walking to work this morning. Is this train going to Granada?

Where does this road go?

~ L:';Th~~~~ ~~.). ~:.J ~/;?{,~. "'... . r'7'

.. i..cc'l I

f)' ~

.;:=;,~JJ

â&#x20AC;˘

4,.

Go + prepositions Kim went in(to) his room and shut the door.

Yuko went out of the house and into the garden.

Rani was tired. He went up the stairs slowly.

The phone was ringing. She went down the ~tairs quickly.

Go away. I'm going back home this evening. (See Unit 7.)

home

Go + -ing for activities Go is often used with -ing for different activities.

I hate going shopping.

I usually go swimming in the morning.

Let's go dancing.

Do you like going sightseeing when you are on holiday?

Hans goes skiing every winter.

Bob is going fishing today.

Future plans be going to is often used for plans for the future: On Saturday Jan is going to visit his aunt. On Sunday we're going to stay at home. On Monday I'm going to meet Sam at the restaurant.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 4. I

Where are these people going? Follow the lines. 1

1 2 3 4

4.2

4.3

Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1 Please, go ill I'm tired. . 2 We're going sightsee today. 3 Jo went down to the top of the hill. 4 Let's go to fish today. S She went out off the shop.

.i~M.~

Look at the activities in C opposite. Which do you do on holiday? Write sentences.

I vsvall~ ~ shoppi"<t on holida~.

4.4

Write about Alison's plans for next week.

-----. Monday

'Rn.;e-

Ic-sson

plil~ te-~M;S with

hill!e-~ d

Tuesday

Friday

,"',Yif", 路to JViln

t! to

,re-lIn;.;

the- une-.路l\'1il

Wednesd-ay----

l'Viltw the- v%v[J

C-IIf on TV

1 On Monday"", .A-I!s~" is:.. c楼i~ ..t9.. f.1~~. ,te;.n".i>.. w.ith .. r<:.ps:~ . 2 On Tuesday """ , . 3 On Wednesday , ,.,.", .. " """"",., """"""" .. "",." 4~Th~~ ,.,.,', ,', ,'""""""""""""""""""""""'" S On Friday , ,

4.5

,..

Write about where trains, buses and roads go to from your town. 'f'r-om C-amtwid<楼" mins ~ to /.-.ondon and to Norwic..h.

4.6

Look in a book in English. What examples of go can you find? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Do/did/done Do as auxiliary questions short answers negatives

Do you like tennis? Yes, I do. So does Sinjit. He doesn't play well.

Did they like the film? Yes, they did. So did 1. Jo didn't see it.

What are you doing? Do as a general verb

What do you do to relax? I listen to music.

Don't do that, Tommy.

.":.. ~~ r'L" ,~~0. .. 1IJJ

... ~';;l;){;ll;/ ! .rm.' <

JÂŤ/~

\'1

â&#x20AC;˘

What are the people in the picture doing? They're dancing.

What do you do? What do you do? (= What is your job?) I'm a student. or I'm a teacher. or I'm an engineer. What does your wife do? (= What's your wife's job?) She's a doctor. or She's a secretary. or She's a mechanic.

Do + task do do do do do do do do

the housework the gardening the washing the washing-up your homework some exercises business with your best

Did you do the washing this morning? No, I'm going to do it later. Our company does a lot of business with the USA. The homework exercise is very difficult - just do your best.

Tip: Make a note of any expressions with do that you find when you are reading in English. See Unit 6 for the contrast between do and make. 14

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 5. I

Write questions and answers about the people in the picture.

1 2 3 4 5 6

5.2

(the (the (the (the (the (the

boy) .. .wh~t .i~.. th~ .p.C!~~().i~ It~'~ .~;rti~.~I!.!~':"~r~~m. woman) .. . girls) . man in the house) . dog) . man in the garden) ., .

Write questions and answers about the jobs of the people in the pictures. 1 Lee Atkins 2 Lara Brown 3 Sophie Hicks 4 Jo

路,,~路l!ll

,~~~~~ "~~l (

. f"..

. .wh;rt..~()~ .~Af/:::.ins.~p?It~~s .~...t~~~h.~r. ... .

5.3

.,I~I~l@lt

-~M%~~ ,r.

2...........

Ted

Write questions about what the people in exercise 5.2 did this morning. Answer the questions using the phrases in the box. talk to five patients

teach 3 lessons

write an essay

go to a meeting

1 2 3 4

5.4

Look at the do expressions in D. Write sentences about you or your family and these activities.

I do a lot of hovse-worl::. bvt I "e-V'e-r- do the- f楼r-de-"i~

5.5

Correct the mistakes in this dialogue. ANNA: PAVEL: ANNA: PAVEL:

Where did you went on your holidays? To London? No, we don't go to London this year. We went to Scotland. Do your grandmother lives in Scotland? No, she don't but my uncle do. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Make/made/made Make ... To make coffee.

To make dinner.

I'll make some tea/hot chocolate. I make breakfast/lunch/supper every day. (supper

= a meal just before bed)

Make a ... The teacher's making a photocopy. He's making a film/video of the class. The children are making a noise.

Don't make mistakes with make! Can I say ... ?

yes/no

Correction

I made a mistake in the exercise. I have to make my homework.

I have to do my homework.

I have to make an exam next week.

I have to take/do an exam next week.

When I get up I make my bed.

I want to make an appointment with the doctor. (= fix a time to see him/her)

I'd like to make a photo of you.

I'd like to take a photo of you.

After dinner, I'll help you make the dishes.

After dinner I'll help you do the dishes.

It makes me (feel) ... Going by train always makes me (feel) tired. My friend called me stupid. It made me (feel) angry. That film made me (feel) sad.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 6. I

Fill the gaps with make or do. 1 2 3 4 5

6.2

I always

a lot of mistakes when I speak English. my homework every day, my English will get better. Let's go to bed now. We can. . the dishes in the morning. I want to an exam in French. Do you know where I can. We always try not to a noise after ten o'clock at night.

If I

.. sad. .

tired. angry.

What are these people doing? Complete the sentences using make.

1 He's

2 She's

6.4

one?

Complete the sentences with make(s)/made me feel. 1 That film 2 Long lessons always...... 3 She was horrible to me; it

6.3

3 The children are

4 They're ...

Correct the mistakes in these sentences. Look at the example. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

I have to~my homework. I have- to do M~ hOMe-worl:::.. Can I make a photo of you? He's 25 but he never makes his own washing. He takes his dirty clothes to his mother's. What do you think, yes or no? We must do a decision today. I have to take an appointment with the doctor. Do you have her phone number? I do mistakes when I speak English. Are you making an exam tomorrow? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Come/came/come Come and go are different:

HERE

THERE

HERE

come

THERE

Come in/out We say 'Come in!' when someone knocks at the door of a room. Then the person who knocked comes into the room.

Come out is often the opposite of come in. A woman came out of the shop with two big bags. (I was in the street.)

You put your money in and the ticket comes out of the machine.

OjSirmingham

tflLeamington I!

o I Warrington II

fSinQle:IJ ~ #l~-"'~-~~::'::'-~iliWlll

Come back and come home Come back means 'return to this place here'. She went away for three days. She came back yesterday. (She is here again.) Come back is often used with from. They came back from Italy yesterday. Come home is similar; 'home' is 'here' for the person speaking. MOTHER: ANNE:

MOTHER:

What time did you come home last night? Oh, about eleven o'clock. What! Eleven! That's much too late!

Other important uses of come

A: What country do you come from? B: I'm from Norway. (or I come from Norway. or I'm Norwegian.)

We're going

a disco tonight. Do you want to come along? (= come with us)

Come and see me some time. (= visit me)

Tip: Write down any prepositions you find with come every time you see them. 18

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 7. I

Fill the gaps in the sentences.

1 I put money in, but the ticket didn't come ..q.\!t the machine. 2 A: I'm going to Taiwan tomorrow. B: Oh! When are you coming. ..... ? A: Two weeks from now. 3 The teacher came the classroom and started the lesson. ..? 4 A: Where do you come. B: I'm Brazilian. . me at five o'clock; we can talk about it then. S Come and. 6 The children come school at four o'clock.

7.2

Answer these questions for yourself. 1 What time do you come home every day? 2 What country do you come from? 3 What do you do when you come into your classroom?

7.3

What do you think these people are saying?

7.4

Fill the gaps using come in the correct form. 1 Have you. 2 She 3 He .... 4

7. S

for your letters? They're on the table. back yesterday. ...... here every Tuesday. you. . to the school party tonight?

Look up these verbs in a dictionary. Write the meaning in your vocabulary book. You may find more than one meaning, but just write down one meaning for each verb. After a week, cover the verbs, look at your notes and see if you can remember the verbs. 1 come round

2 come across

3 come up

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Take/took/taken Take with time (it + take + person + time)

It takes Alan 20 minutes to get to work. Alan's house ---. 20 minutes ---. Alan's office It takes Miriam 45 minutes to get to work. Miriam's flat ---. 45 minutes ---. Miriam's office I go to school/university every day. It takes me 30 minutes. I do homework every day. It took me two hours yesterday. How long does it take to get to the station? 15 minutes in a taxi.

Take with courses/exams, etc. Are you taking an English course? Yes. Do you have to take an exam? Yes, at the end of the course. I want to take some Japanese lessons.

Take with bus, car, etc. How do you get to work? I take the bus.

In Paris you can take the metro to the Eiffel Tower.

How does Nik get to work? He takes the train.

Take something with you Are you going out? Take an umbrella. It's raining.

Sorry, you can't take your camera into the museum.

Useful expression: Can I take a photograph here?

Tip: Make a page in your notebook for take and put in new words that go with it when you see them (e.g. a picture, a look at, a chance). 20

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 8. I

Fill the gaps for yourself. 1 It 2 It takes me

8.2

minutes to get to school/university. minutes/hours to go from. . to . takes me . . to do one unit of this book.

Complete the sentences using take/took and an expression from the box. a course

your driving test

some lessons

an exam

1 At the end of the course, you have to .. 2 I wanted to speak French, so I . 3 You want to learn Russian? Why don't you. 4 In Britain, when you are 17, you can .

8.3

8.4

.. .?

Look at the pictures. Answer the questions using take.

1 How does Lisa go to work? She .

3 How does Simon go to school? He .

2 How can I get to the airport? You

4 How do Paul and Ann get home every day? They. . .

What do you take w.ith you when ... 1 you want to take photographs? 2 it's raining? 3 you go to another country? 4 you go to your English lessons?

8.5

How long did it take you to do this unit?

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Bring/brought/brought Bring and take

take = from here to there bring

= from

there to here

Are you going to school? Take your books. (from here to the school) Are you going to the kitchen? Can you bring me a glass? (from the kitchen to here)

Please take this form to the secretary. (the secretary is there)

(

Come to my house tomorrow and bring your guitar. (for me, my house is here)

Bring somebody something

I've brought you some apples from my garden. B: Oh, thank you!

When she visits me, she always brings me flowers.

Bring something back It's raining. You can take my umbrella and bring it back tomorrow. TOM: ANN: TOM:

ANN:

This book is interesting. Please take it with you and read it. Thanks. I'll bring it back on Friday. OK. No problem.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 9. I

Fill the gaps with take or bring. 1 2 3 4 5 6

9.2

Are you going to the shops? TI~ an umbrella. It's raining. 'Don't forget to . . your books tomorrow!' the teacher said to the class. Are you going to the kitchen? Can you ..... ...... me some water? your camera with you when you go to Bangkok. It's beautiful there. Are you going to the secretary's office? Can you these papers, please? Shall I ... you a present from New York?

Fill the gaps with take or bring back.

it. 1 Can I .. this book to read tonight? I'll . tomorrow. ...... some chocolates. 2 When she went to Belgium, she. . me . ..... it . .... tomorrow. 3 Please. .. my umbrella. You can ..

9.3

Match the words on the left with the words on the right. Draw lines. 1 2 3 4 5

9.4

a b c d e

these letters, please. bring your guitar. some flowers. food to the party. your passport when you travel.

Fill the gaps with the correct form of bring or take. 1 2 3 4

9.5

Yesterday he brought me You must take Come to my house and Go to the secretary and take Everybody is going to bring

She always Hello, I've I. She has

~r.i.~

me presents. Yesterday she. . me some chocolates. you some flowers. I hope you like them! 72 photographs when I was in Rio de Janeiro. my book, but she's going to .. . it back tomorrow.

Are you in your English lesson now? If yes, look at (a). If no, look at (b). (a) Name three things you always bring to the lesson. (b) Name three things you always take to the lesson. Name three things someone has brought you recently.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Get/got/got Get with adjectives: for changes

!ii00,O

ii'" "ll;, "';" U!If, ~

It's light.

- - - - - - - Iâ&#x20AC;˘â&#x20AC;˘

She's ill.

-------I.~

It's getting dark.

-------1~

She's getting better.

------.,~ ..

I'm getting tired. I want to go to bed.

She's better. / She's well.

It's raining! I'm getting wet!

Get with nouns If you don't have something you can get it. I want to send a postcard. I have to get a stamp. I've finished my studies. Now I want to get a job. My friend is ill! Please get a doctor. Do you want a drink? I can get some coffee. I'm going to the shop to get a newspaper. Where can I get a taxi?

Get to (arrive at I reach a place) How can I get to the airport? Take the airport bus at the bus station. When you get to New York, ring me. OK, give me your number.

Other phrases with get Maria and David are getting married in April.

When I get home, I have my lunch. I get there at 6 o'clock, so please ring me at 6.30. [NOT get w home or get itt there.] 24

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

'~':) ~ !f/.f/. ,if -:; A~ l@

, \,;:,~~.

...

Exercises 10.1

Complete these sentences using (a), (b) or (c). I I studied too much and I got (a) hot (b) tired (c) sick. 2 I ate too much and I got (a) hot (b) tired (c) sick. 3 I sat in the sun too much and I got (a) hot (b) tired (c) sick.

10.2

Complete these sentences using get and a word from the box.

I better light dark cold wet I I 2 3 4 5

10.3

WhatlWho do you get if ... I 2 3 4 5 6 7

10.4

The sun is going down. It 't; ~ffi~ dar1c When the sun comes up it . She's in hospital but she It's raining! I . ..! Please close the window. I

you want to post a letter? a l;tamp somebody is ill? you want a drink of water? you want to write something down? you want to read the news? you want to go to the airport? you want to earn some money?

Fill the gaps in these sentences.

...........â&#x20AC;˘_._.......J

Singapore (dep 0545) I This plane

university 2 The bus from the university ..

hotel 3 How

10.5

Paris (arr 1230) . Paris at 1230.

(25 minutes)

my house ............ my house in 25 minutes.

airport .. the airport? Take a taxi. The bus is very slow!

Answer the questions. I 2 3 4

In your country, how old are people when they get married? When do people get married? Which day? Which month(s)? What time do you get home every day? How do you get there? Fill the gap: Now you can look at the key and. . the answers! English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Phrasal verbs What are phrasal verbs? Phrasal verbs have two parts: a verb + a preposition. get up/on/over

I got up at 6.30 this morning. I'm tired now. I hated my sister when I was young but now we get on very well. He soon got over his cold. (= he got better quickly)

turn on/off/up/down

He always turns on the TV at 9 o'clock to watch the news. It's a sunny day. Turn the light off. Turn the TV up. I can't hear it. Turn the TV down. It's too loud.

go on/off Don't stop. Go on talking. It's very interesting. A bomb went off in a London station today. Four people are still in hospital. put something on

It's cold and windy outside. Put your coat on. or Put on your coat. come on

Come on! We're late.

One phrasal verb, different meanings Note that one phrasal verb can often have different meanings. turn down

She turned down the stereo. (= made it not so loud) She turned down the invitation. (= refused it) do up

She did up her coat.

She did up her flat.

take off

~ .~, . .{ l.. .

Our plane takes off at 12.30. (= leaves the ground) She took off her shoes. (= removed them from her feet)

Tip: Make a special page in your notebook. Write down any phrasal verbs you see or hear. 26

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises I I. I

Match a sentence on the left with a sentence on the right. Draw lines. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S

I 1.2

a b c d e f g h

Turn it down then. Please turn your music down. It's time to get up. Do up your coat. Put on your raincoat. She got over it quickly. Turn on the TV. We can do it up nicely.

Put the correct prepositions in these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S

I 1.3

It's getting late. It's very cold today. That funny programme is on soon. Her boyfriend left her. I'm trying to work. The flat is quite old. It's raining today. I don't want to accept that job.

It's dark in here. Turn the lights. Our plane takes at 6.25 and lands at 7.50. Come ! It's time to get. The children took. .... their school uniforms when they got home. ..... the TV and go to bed now. It's time to turn That teacher always gets. ...... her students. The students went working until late at night. When they got to the beach, he put his swimming trunks and ran down to the sea.

What is happening in these pictures? Use one of the phrasal verbs from the opposite page to describe each picture.

~ .~~

~.,.~

3 .

I 1.4

Organise the words on the opposite page into groups, in any way that makes sense to you, for example, clothes, movement.

I I. S

Replace the underlined words with a phrasal verb from the opposite page. 3 She continued writing novels all her life. 1 The plane left at midnight. 4 He soon got better from the flu. 2 I removed my hat and coat. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Everyday things Things we do every day

go to the bathroom

have a shower

have breakfast listen to the radio come home

make dinner

wash clothes

phone (or call) a friend

clean the house

watch TV

go for a walk

go to bed

write letters

Questions about everyday things How often do you read the newspaper / watch TV? Three rimes a week / every day, etc. What time do you get up / go to work? Seven o'clock. / Half past eight. etc. How do you go to work? By bus/train/car, etc.

Usually/normally (what I do typically) We say I usually/normally get up at eight o'clock, but today I got up at eight-thirty. [NOT I used to / I'm used to get up at eight o'clock!] (See also Units 3 and 6.) 28

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 12.1

Write the answers for yourself. 1 2 3 4 5

12.2

I I I I I

usually wake up at go to the bathroom and have usually have . go to work by .. . usually have a cup of tea/coffee at ..

for breakfast. ...... o'clock.

What do they usually do?

1 He ... /!~t~"$.. t9...th.~ .. ~~i9. ..~\(~r.~. vv 2

(every Saturday)

She w..

He c

(every weekend)

Hew

(every evening)

She g

12.3

(every Sunday)

Ask questions.

topic

question

answer

get up

What time- do ~ov ~t vp?

Seven-thirty, usually.

go for a walk

How ...

Every Saturday.

go to work

How ...

By train.

have dinner

When ...

Between seven and eight o'clock, usually. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Talking Say (say/said/said) We use say when we report someone's words. She said 'This is horrible!' He said that he wanted a drink. We use say when we ask about language. A: How do you say 'book' in Spanish? B: 'Libra'. We say hello / goodbye please / thank you Happy Birthday / Merry Christmas / Happy New Year / Congratulations

Tell (tell/told/told) Tell is usually followed immediately by a person. Say is not followed immediately by a person. He told me his name. [NOT He said me his name.] We use tell when we want to know how to get to a place. Can you tell me where the bus station is, please? [NOT Can you say me ... ?] We use tell with other wh-words too (when, how, why, where), e.g. you can tell someone how to do something, where something is, why something happened. He told me how to send a fax. Tell me when you want to have dinner. You can tell someone the time / a story / a joke / your name / address / telephone number.

Ask Ask is used for questions. My sister asked me where I was going. (or My sister asked (me) 'Where are you going?')

~. ~:,~ J .,k

youaqu"don!

.'I\\~d~ 1, l.

~:~:~~~~~;;~:~;~;~~:;~;t~~::o:::::t~::',omCili;ng\~~~' I asked him to turn off his radio. (or I said 'Please turn off your radio.') She asked for the bill. (or She said 'Can I have the bill please?')

Speak/talk/answer/reply Do you speak Japanese? [NOT Do you talk Japanese?] I like talking to you. (having a conversation with you) Can you answer the telephone / the door, please? (pick up the phone / open the door to see who it is)

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises I :i. I

Fill the gaps with the correct form of say or tell.

1 2 3 4 S 6

I :i.2

Can you ... t~I./.. ...... me where the Plaza Hotel is, please? She..... ..... me her name. I................ goodbye to her. 'Please, me a story,' the little boy. 'Come here!' the police officer The teacher that the students were very good.

What do you say?

1 You want to know where the railway station is. Can . . 2 You want to know the word for 'tree' in German. How......... . . 3 You want to know the time. Excuse me, can you . ....................... ?

...... ?

4 Your course is finished. You want to say goodbye to your teacher. I just want to . . S You want to know when the exam is. Can you . 6 The telephone rings. You are in the bathroom. oJ (To your friend) Can you. . ? ~ ~~.;.

~:?\~.I.--

Jt!-.-~.::~.-.~;<

Match the verbs on the left with the words on the right. Draw lines. 1 Say 2 Answer 3 Ask for 4 Reply to STell 6 Talk to 7 Ask

I :i.4

a b c d e f g

a letter someone to help you Happy New Year the door a friend someone a joke the bill

On the left are some things in different languages. Can you match them with the sentences on the right? Draw lines. 1 2 3 4 S

La cuenta, por favor. Berapa ini? God jul! Kon'nichi wa. Shukran.

a b c d e

Say Merry Christmas in Swedish. Say thank you in Arabic. Ask for the bill in Spanish. Ask how much something is in Malay. Say good morning in Japanese. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Moving Without transport

,,-~

\K'

~ 4f~. "

'l>y~L1'f

(/( 1-0 .~

walk

l..'W] V1:::\

â&#x20AC;˘

~I(~ run

jump

sWim

~_ ..

dance

jog

fall

Transport You go by car / plane / bus / train / bike / motorbike / ship / taxi / underground [NOT by-a-car]. You take a bus / train / taxi / plane and you take the underground. You ride a bicycle / bike / motorbike / horse.

You drive a car / bus / train.

The pilot flies a plane.

How did you get to Istanbul? We flew there.

If you catch the bus, train or plane, you arrive in time to get it. If you miss the bus, train or plane, you arrive too late to get it. You arrive at or in a place [NOT-ffi- a place]. The train arrived in Tokyo on time. The plane arrived late at Heathrow.

Tip: When you are travelling you will probably see a lot of notices in English. Make a note of any new words and expressions you see. See Unit 41 (Travelling) for more words about transport.

Moving objects

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

C-dt'!

he-If

c...df'Y-~ ~OVi""

~ov

IV59ff?

Exercises 14. 1

Fill the gaps with verbs from A opposite. Write them in the correct form. 1 Jack lik,es

.. w~IJ;i.~ 2 3 4 5 6 7

jq~~

round the park every morning but Betty prefers round it with her dog. . at the party last night. . ten lengths of the swimming pool before breakfast. . very fast. He has won a lot of races. . hills. .. on her way home and broke her arm. . to into the swimming pool and quickly.

Everyone... Every day Jane. James can... Robert loves The old lady. Sandra the other side. 8 It is much better for you to

. to work than to go by car.

14.1.

Ride, drive, go by or take? Write the correct word(s) in the phrase. 1 Can you ...... a motorbike? 2 He works for a railway company. He ...... .. ... a train. ...... the underground to work. 3 She sometimes. 4 He goes away from home a lot. He a lorry. 5 I prefer to .... .. ... a bus than ........ car. an elephant. 6 Would you like to a bicycle. 7 You never forget how to 8 I usually a taxi when it rains.

14.3

Answer these questions. Use every day, once a week, once a year or never. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

14.4

How often do you walk to work or school? I waIte. to won::. e-v'e-Y"~ cJa~. Have you got a bike? How often do you ride it? How often do you go swimming? Do you go in the sea or in a swimming pool? How often do you go jogging? How often do you drive a car? How often do you go dancing? Do you often go climbing?

What other things do we often ask people to pass at the dinner table? Write down Please pass + a noun six times. P/e-a<;e- pa<;<; the- <;v~Y".

14.5

Put these sentences into the past tense with the word yesterday. 1 2 3 4 5

Jim runs a mile every day. H'e- !'"all a Mile- ~e-<;te-Y"cJa~. Maria often drives her grandmother to the city. Bill catches the 9.45 train to London every day. I sometimes take a taxi home from the station. Jane often falls when she rides her bike.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Conjunctions and connecting words Basic conjunctions Conjunctions join two parts of a sentence and help to show the connection between the two parts of the sentence.

conjunction

function

example

and

tells you more

We went home and went straight to bed.

but

makes a contrast

They are rich but they aren't happy.

because

answers the question

We went home because we were tired.

why? so

tells you the result

We went home early, so we missed the end of the concert.

when

answers the question

We went home when Jane wanted to.

when?

before, after

answers the question what happened first?

We went home before the concert ended. We went home after Max Jones had sung his first song.

although, though

tells you something surpnsmg

We went home although / though we did not really want to.

makes a condition

We will go home if we are tired.

Other connecting words The words in this table are useful for making connections between words and phrases.

word

function

example

only

says something is not very big or not very much

He sleeps only 3 hours every night.

even

says something is surprising or unusual

Even their lO-year-old son works in the shop.

makes a comparison

She looks like her dad.

than

used after a comparative adjective or adverb

She works harder than he does.

also, too, as well

says something is extra

He works in the shop and she does also / too / as well.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises I 5. I

Choose one of the underlined words to complete the sentence. 1 2 3 4 5 6

I 5.2

Sam liked school because/although/if he had many friends there. Sam left school so/but/and he joined the navy. He hadn't travelled much but/before/after he joined the navy. Sam was seasick when/if/so he left the navy. He got a job in a bank because/although/and he had no qualifications. He will stay at the bank when/iflthough he likes it there.

Write down ten sentences from the table. Use each of the conjunctions once. after although and because before but if so though when

Mary agreed to marry Paul

Mary will marry Paul

she loves him. she doesn't love him. she loved him. she didn't love him. they had two sons. he moves to London. he moved to London. he was a pop star. they decided to set up a business together.

I 5.3

Write each of the conjunctions in A in your own language.

I 5.4

Fill in the gaps with words from the table in B. I love swimming and my brother loves swimming

family loves swimming. swims

(2)

Almost all my

(4)...

my father doesn't like

my father.

(5)

Think about your family and your habits. Write sentences using only, even, than, like, also, too and as well about your habits.

15.6

. .....â&#x20AC;˘

my grandmother swims every day. She

a fish.

(1)....

it very much. I can swim better I 5.5

(1)

pla~

te-""k and

mothe-r-

pla~t;

at; we-II.

mothe-r-

pla~t;

be-fte-r- than I do.

Complete these sentences for yourself. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

I am learning English because I'll learn more English if .. I am learning English and ..... I am learning English although I started learning English when I can speak some English, so I'll learn more English but

. . .

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Time words (I): days, months and seasons Basic time words There are: 365 days in a year 12 months m a year 52 weeks in a year 7 days in a week 2 weeks in a fortnight 24 hours in a day 60 minutes in an hour. (We sayan hour 60 seconds in a minute 100 years in a century

Days of the week Sunday Saturday.

, Monday

, Tuesday, Wednesday

, Thursday, Friday,

The names of the days always begin with a capital letter in English. Saturday + Sunday = the weekend ie

1-10l1 day

Tuesday

.' [ \ $

Th~~"

the day before +- yesterday .....1 ---- today - - . tomorrow - - . the day after yesterday tomorrow Monday (before 12 a.m.) = Monday morning Monday (between 12 a.m. and 6 p.m.) = Monday afternoon Monday (after 6 p.m.) = Monday evening We say on + days of the week: on Monday, on Saturday, etc. I saw her on Friday, on Tuesday evening. We say at + the weekend: I went to the cinema at the weekend.

Months and seasons Months: January, February, March, April, May, June, July, August, September, October, November, December. The names of the months always begin with a capital letter in English. Some countries have four seasons: spring, summer, autumn /JI

~+. 'P'TT!f!~~

(;,~:;;iI""h:y--..,

C"N

1J.~j.~

'{4l'J,1_~~ """'...i -/ "" ,::J, ("

t~-~/'; ~)l

~ ~~'i~ ~~

and winter

it~:*~

We say in + months/seasons: in July, in December, in (the) spring, in (the) summer, etc. My birthday is in July. [NOT-mt July] Birds sing in (the) spring.

Tip: Write the day and date in English when you do an English exercise. 36

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 16.1

Complete the sentences with a word from A opposite.

1 2 3 4

There There There There

are are are are

3,600 seconds in 1,200 months in 168 hours in 8,760 hours in .

. .

16.2

Recite (a) the days of the week and (b) the months of the year.

16.3

Complete this British children's song about the number of days in each month. Thirty days has S , A ..., j . and N . . All the rest have , Except for F.. ... .. .. .. dear Which has twenty eight days clear And in each leap year (= every four years).

16.4

These abbreviations are often used for the days of the week and the months. Write the names out in full.

1 2 3 4

16.5

16.6

5 6 7 8

Mon. Aug. Oct. Sat.

Wed. jan. Apr. Th.

9 Feb. 10 Sept. 11 Tues. 12 Nov.

What are the next few letters in each case? Explain why.

M F S

T M ?

W A

There are six mistakes in this paragraph. Correct the mistakes. I'm going to a party on saturday for jill's birthday. Her birthday is on thursday but she wanted to have the party on a Weekend. She's having a barbecue. I think june is a good month to have a birthday because of the weather. I love going to barbecues on the summer. My birthday is in Winter and it's too cold to eat outside!

16.7

Quiz: How quickly can you answer these questions? 1 2 3 4 5 6

How many seconds in quarter of an hour? What is the third day of the week? What month is your birthday in? What day will it be the day after tomorrow? What day was it the day before yesterday? How many minutes are there in half an hour?

7 8 9 10 11 12

What What What What What What

day is it today? day will it be tomorrow? is the seventh month? day was it yesterday? century is it? month is it?

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Time words (2) Time in relation to

NOW

Now means at this moment. Then means at another moment (usually in the past). It is 10 o'clock now. I got up 2 hours ago, at 8 o'clock. An hour ago it was 9 o'clock.

two years 1994 1996

for two years from 1994 to 1996 from 2010 to 2012

last year / last week / last Saturday next year / next week / next summer It is July now. Last month it was June. Next month it will be August.

When we talk about time in general, we talk about the past, the present and the future. We talk about the past, the present and the future forms of the verb, for example In the past people didn't have television. People may travel to Mars in the future. I'll be with you in a moment. (= a very short time) Jane's in Paris at the moment. (= now) See you soon! (= in a short time) We met recently. (= not long ago)

Frequency adverbs often

always

now and then

not often

rarely

I usually

sometimes

I occasionally

hardly ever

It always snows in Russia in winter. It often rains in Britain. The temperature in London hardly ever gets to 35째. (= almost never) The Ancient Romans never went to America or Australia. Notice the use of a in these expressions of frequency. once (= one time) a week: I go swimming once a week, every Saturday. twice (= two times) a day: I clean my teeth twice a day. three times a year: I see my uncle three times a year. four times a month: I play football four or five times a month. 38

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

never

Exercises 17. 1

Fill the gaps with a preposition from A opposite. (1)

the past, Rosa worked in many different countries. Rosa worked in Hong Kong

(2)

three years,

(3)

1993

Tokyo. She will stay there .(6 )

17.2.

1996.

(5)...

the moment she is working in

two more years.

Draw lines to match the centuries to their time. 1 2 3 4 5

17.l

(4)

the the the the the

19th century 22nd century 18th century 21st century 20th century

the past the present the future

Read the sentences and answer the questions. 1 Peter will get his exam results very soon. Do you think Peter will get them next year, next month or tomorrow? 2 Harriet and Rupert met for the first time recently. Do you think they first met last year, six months ago or a week ago? 3 I'll help you in a moment. Do you think I'll help you next week, in two hours or in a few minutes?

17.4

Are these sentences true about you? If not, write them out correctly. Use other frequency adverbs from B on the opposite page. 1 I always go swimming on Fridays. I ~OMe-tiMe-~ ~ ~wiMMi"5- Oil "f"Y"idCl~~. I Ofte-II ~ ~wiMMi".9t- Oil SCltVY"dCl~~. 2 I norma1ly go to school/work by bus. 6 I often wear a hat. 3 I hardly ever play football. 7 I rarely eat chocolate. 4 I occasionally watch TV. 8 I always go to bed at 10. 5 I rarely drink milk. 9 I never go to the theatre.

17. S

17.6

Look at the table and make sentences using expressions like once a week, three times a month, etc.

play tennis

practise the piano

have a business meeting in Germany

John

Mondays and Thursdays

Saturdays

the first Friday every month

Sally and Amy

Tuesdays, Fridays and Saturdays

every mormng and every evemng

once in January, March, May, July, August and December every year.

Write a paragraph about your own life using as many as possible of the words and expressions from the opposite page.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Places General place words Come here please. (to me, to where I am) Do you know Lima? I'm going there in April. (not here, another place) I'm coming back from Portugal in May. (to here again, to this place) There are books and papers everywhere in my room. (in all parts / all places) (See unit 7.)

Positions

The top of the mountain.

The middle of the road.

The bottom of the glass.

The front of the car.

The side of the car.

The back of the car.

The beginning of the motorway. The end of the motorway.

Left and right This is his left hand.

This is his right hand.

In York Street, there is a cinema on the left and a restaurant on the right.

Home and away Is Mary at home? (in her house / flat) No, sorry, she's out. (at the shops / at work / at school) No, sorry, she's away. (in another town / city or country) No, sorry, she's abroad. (in another country) 40

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 18. I

Fill the gaps with here or there. 1 P\ease bring it (See Unit 9 for bring.) 2 Are you coming . next week? (See Unit 7 for come.) 3 This letter is for a teacher at the university. Can you take it ... take.) 4 I want to leave this letter in Nora's office. Are you going. .

I 8.1

..? (See Unit 8 for ..... ?

Complete the sentences. Key Restaurants

PARIS

HOME

October

~5~>_ .. ''L%C~

6 November

1 What is Mary doing on 6 November? She's coming

I 8. :J

Mark the positions on the tree and on the bus. 1 2 3 4 5 6

18.4

The The The The The The

top of the tree. middle of the tree. bottom of the tree. front of the bus. side of the bus. back of the bus.

Answer these questions about yourself and about this book. 1 2 3 4 5 6

18.5

2 Is there just one restaurant in Scoffton? No there are restaurants .

Are you studying English at home or abroad? Are you going away this year? What have you got in your left or right hand at the moment? What is there at the end of this book? Where is the unit on Have in this book? (beginning/middle/end?) Where is the Unit on Feelings? (beginning/middle/end?)

Fill the gap with out, away or abroad. 1 2 3 4

I'd like to work... ..... Is Lily here? No, she's I'm going... When we go

.. and learn about a new country. but she'll be back in about five minutes. tomorrow to my sister's. She lives about 50 miles north of here. we like to go and see new countries. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Manner Manner = how we do something

Fast and slow

This car goes very fast. It's a fast car.

This car goes very slowly. It's a slow car.

Right and wrong This sentence is right. This sentence is wrong.

Loud and quiet

I like coffee very much. I like very much coffee.

.I )C

and

The music is too loud.

It's very quiet here.

The teacher speaks very quietly. We can't hear him. She sang loudly.

Well and badly

She's a good driver. She drives well. He's a bad driver. He drives badly..

Way Way means how someone does something.

He's speaking in a friendly way. 42

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

She's speaking in an unfriendly way.

Exercises 19.1

Complete the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6

19.2

Which do you think is better? Use your dictionary if you want to. 1 2 3 4 5 6

19.3

This train is slow. It goes very ....sl(Jwl~ . He is a bad singer. He sings very . She is always loud. She speaks very. He's a fast swimmer. He swims very .. This girl is quiet. She always speaks . He's a good English-speaker. He speaks English ...

A loud person or a quiet person? A fast bus or a slow bus? A friendly person or an unfriendly person? A right answer or a wrong answer? To speak politely or impolitely? To speak in a strange way or in a normal way?

Find words from the left-hand page. w

19.4

19.5

b g

Use a dictionary. Are the definitions right or wrong?

word

definition

suddenly

very slowly

sadly

in an unhappy way

strangely

not in a normal way

quickly

very slowly

easily

with no difficulty

right (......)

wrong (K) K

Make sentences about yourself and your friends/family. Use the new words opposite.

pla~

fe-l1I1is we-II.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Irregular verbs Most verbs in English are regular but some of the most common verbs in English are irregular. The forms here are the infinitive (go, come), the past simple (went, came) and the past participle (gone, come).

All forms the same cut IkAtl put Iputl

cost cost cost let let let

cut cut put put

hurt hurt hurt shut IIAtl shut shut

Two different forms run ran run keep kept kept come came come

read lri:d! read Ired! read Ired! sleep slept slept become became become

feel felt felt leave left left

bring brought brought fight fought fought

buy bought bought teach taught taught

catch think

caught caught thought thought

find

found

spend

learn

learnt

pay

paid Ipeldl

found paid

say

spent said Ised!

spent

learnt

said

wm won won sell sold sold meet met met stand stood stood

lose lost lost shine shone shone tell told told sit sat sat get got got shoot shot shot understand understood understood

make made made hear heard heard

have beat

had beat

had beaten

did

done

Three different forms be was/were drink drank fly

flew

been drunk

flown

break broke broken steal stole stolen wear wore worn nse rose nsen gIve gave given

go went gone smg sang sung

begin swim

began swam

know

knew

throw

threw

choose wake drive write forget

chose chosen woke woken drove driven wrote written forgot forgotten

known

begun swum thrown

speak spoke spoken take took taken ride rode ridden eat ate eaten fall fell fallen

Tip: When you learn a new irregular verb, add it to one of the groups of verbs on this page.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 20. I

Do you know what the verbs opposite mean? Write out the infinitive form of each of the verbs with its meaning in your own language beside it. Use a dictionary if you want to.

20.2

Write these words out in their three forms. Then find a verb on the opposite page which has the opposite meaning. Write it out in its three forms. 1 2 3 4

20.:J

open Ope-Il, Ope-lluJ, Ope-lluJ; ~hvt, ~hvt, ~hvt give 5 walk 8 rise come 6 wake 9 wm make 7 remember 10 buy

Use the pictures and complete this story about Jane yesterday. up at 7.00. She(2 ) an apple and sheil). Yesterday Jane .(11. a cup of hot chocolate. Then she got in her car and (4( to work. At work she (5) a newspaper and then she .1 6 ) some letters. At lunch-time she (7) in the park for half an hour and then she.l8! a sandwich. After lunch she (9) .. at her desk again and ilO) some telephone calls. In the evening she .(11)... . the office at six o'clock and il 21. some Japanese visitors. They .i ll ) to a restaurant together. After a busy day Jane (14) very well.

20.4

Choose the best verbs opposite. Complete the sentences with the correct past participle form. 1 2 3 4 5 6

20.5

. in the sea every day this week. We have.... Where is my bike? Someone has .. it! I have a long time on this work. That boy has very lazy recently. I hope Jack has. ... the bus and won't be late home. Poor John. He has his leg badly. But he hasn't

it.

Write sentences of your own with verbs from the box. Use the past tense. bring choose fall feel fly keep pay speak teach tell think wm

20.6

Read all three parts of all the verbs on the opposite page aloud. Then cover parts two and three. Can you remember what they are? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Common uncountable words What is countable?

aJ4I

apples

shoes

plates

COUNTABLE (You can count them: 4 apples, 2 shoes)

sugar

money

luggage

UNCOUNTABLE (You can't count it:

NOT

3 luggages)

Can I have three apples and some sugar, please? Are these shoes yours? Is this luggage yours?

Everyday uncountable words

~.: ......â&#x20AC;˘... $ . . . . . . . . . . . . ..... I

The traffic is bad today.

This furniture is modern.

He can give you some useful information about Bangkok.

There is some bad news today.

I'll give you some advice about your future.

~ Gc?

It's terrible weather today.

b~~

Accommodation here . . IS expensIve.

~.;. . . ~ A"

Studying i,

J.,.-w.I.hard work.

I need some fresh air.

travel i, fa""

than rail travel.

Food A lot of uncountable nouns are kinds of food and drink.

/?f\ MY nce

spaghetti

butter

~.'."" ~e:tJ bread

milk

water

tea

coffee

Note: When we want to say how much we want, we say, three loaves of bread, two litres of milk, a kilo of apples.

Tip: When you learn a new noun, write it down in a phrase which shows if it is countable or uncountable. 46

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 21 â&#x20AC;˘ 1

Fill the gaps with an uncountable noun opposite. 1 2 3 4 5 6

21.2

I'd like to buy a car but I haven't got enough . Cows give us and If you don't know what to do, ask your parents for some The at the seaside is very good for you. Rob left school last month and is now looking for. There is always a lot of .... in central London.

Match the words on the right with the words on the left. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

21.1

heavy useful bad modern brown cold space

information travel water luggage news furniture bread

Find an adjective to go with the uncountable nouns in the box.

void we-athe-I'", Bl'"iti<;h

mOIle-~

weather money sugar traffic advice accommodation work nee spaghetti butter milk tea coffee

2 1.4

air

Fill the gaps with the correct form of the verb be. 1 2 3 4 5 6

.11 .5

Accommodation in the city centre expensive. Spaghetti with Italian tomato sauce very good. The weather in Scotland ... best in the autumn. The news better today than it yesterday. Work .... the most important thing in Sam's life. Their furniture very old and very beautiful.

Correct the mistakes in these sentences. 1 The news -are not very good today.

The2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

IIe-W<;

i<; lIot ve-I'"~ fJPod toda~.

Where can I get some mtormations about your country? Let me give you an advice. Cook these spaghetti for ten minutes. Can I have a bread, please? Mary is looking for a new work. We should buy some new furnitures. The east of the country usually has a better weather than the west. We went on two long travels last year. I must find a new accommodation soon.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Common adjectives: good and bad things (+) 'good' adjectives A better restaurant.

The best restaurant in town.

This restaurant is better than that one. nice (+) lovely (++) wonderful (+++) excellent (++++) A:

That's a nice jacket.

Thank you.

fdJ

~'"

~'{Y

It's a lovely day today! Yes, it is. ~\f':A~ v-~ ( J~

'W)'

A wonderful view Mary's a wonderful person. Everybody loves her.

Do you want to go to London on Saturday? That's an excellent (= very good) idea!

When you answer and want to say how you feel: A: The train arrives at six o'clock; dinner is at seven. B: Excellent! / Great! / Wonderful! / Lovely! / Perfect!

(-) 'bad' adjectives bad (worse / the worst) (-)

bad weather

"" v

terrible (- - -)

horrible (- - -)

,/../

awful (- -)

i" / ,/

My hair is awful!

The weather last year was worse than this year. Tim is a horrible person. Nobody likes him. (used about people) I had a terrible day at work today. (used about situations) The traffic's terrible at 5 o'clock on Fridays.

Note: We often say not bad when we are speaking: A: I get $500 a week in my job. B: That's not bad! (= good!) You can say these adjectives with how: A: I have to get up at 5.30 tomorrow. B: Oh, how awful! / horrible! [NOT Irow bad] 48

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 22.1

Fill the gaps, as in the example. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

22.2

What can you say? 1 2 3 4 5

22.3

Someone says to you ...

Do you like my new jacket? I have to get up at 4.30 tomorrow morning. Shall we go out for dinner tonight? (In your town) Excuse me. Is there a good restaurant in this town? What sort of person is your English teacher?

What goes together? Match a description from the left with an expression from the right. Draw lines. 1 2 3 4 5 6

22.4

My hair's .. .~wf.~/.. I must go to the hairdresser's. The weather's I don't want to go out. The traffic is . . in the city centre. Take the train. That's a(n) . .. idea! Let's do it! How..... . ! Three exams on the same day! What a . house! The sea is only 100 metres away! My timetable's not . I'm free on Wednesdays and Fridays.

Blue sky, sun 25 5 stars (1dl[**·~), very famous. Bad person. Nobody likes him/her. 90 out of 100 in an exam. Grey sky, wind, rain, 11 We can take a taxi. •

•

a b c d e f

Wonderful news. Awful weather. Lovely weather. An excellent idea. The best hotel in town. A horrible person.

Use a dictionary. Put these new words into the good or bad column. dreadful

ghastly

gorgeous

good (+)

marvellous

horrendous

fine

superb

brilliant

bad (-)

dl'"e.adfvl

22.5

Look at the adjectives in 22.4. Think of two nouns to go with each of the adjectives.

dl'"e.adfvl we.athe.l'"/f/lm

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Common adjectives: people In this unit, "."

= normal,

""." ".

= stronger

Saying positive (+)/good things about people Nice is the most common word used for people who we like / who are good. Mary's very nice. Richard's a nice man.

If we want to make nice stronger, we can use wonderful. nice (". ". ) • wonderful ("." ". " ) Ron is a wonderful teacher. All the students love him. But we don't say 'Mary is ¥el'Y- wonderful', we just say 'Mary is wonderful'.

If someone is good to other people, we use kind. She's very kind; she helps me with the children. Other <good' things about people My teacher is a lovely man. (= very kind / I like him very much) My friend Neil is very easy-going. (= relaxed, easy to be with) Maureen's a happy person. (:;t an unhappy person) All my friends are more intelligent than me. (= clever, good at school subjects, etc.)

Saying negative (-)/bad things about people Marcia is not very nice. not very nice (""') - - - - -•• horrible ("""") Margaret is a horrible woman; nobody likes her. My uncle is a difficult person. He is never happy. That waiter is stupid. I asked for coffee and he has given me tea! (stupid ""."" is a very strong word) I don't like selfish people. (= people who think only of themselves)

Little children We often say that little children are good or well-behaved. If they are not, we say they are naughty. Tim is very good / well-behaved, but his little sister is very naughty.

Prepositions Jean was nice/kind/wonderful to me when I was in hospital. You were horrible to me yesterday! It was nice/kind of you to remember my birthday. 50

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 2.:J. I

What do you think B said? Complete the sentences. 1

2.:J.2.

Mary's very nice. She's more than nice, she's.

... !

Was George not very nice to you? He was really...... Let me carry your bag. Thanks, that's

.! .

Is your little brother well-behaved? No, he's .

Complete the word puzzle. Use the letters of selfish and words from the opposite page.

2W f--

0 4

f--

7 1

r;:;-e

d 5

e 3}

V u

f V

g u

y f--

t '---

2.:J. :J

Circle the words that describe you. I am: easy-going sometimes difficult kind to animals sometimes stupid happy intelligent selfish horrible to some people nice to my friends

2.:J.4

Fill in the correct prepositions. 1 2 3 4

The teacher is never horrible . .to.. the students. you to help me. Barbara was wonderful me when I needed a friend. It was nice her to ring me. It is kind

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

'Nords and prepositions Verbs Some verbs are usually followed by a preposition. I listen to the radio in bed in the morning. I waited for the bus for half an hour yesterday. I asked for a black coffee, not a white one. Where do I pay for our meal? This book belongs to Sarah Smith. / '

What are you thinking about? Helena thanked her mother for the present. Jamie apologised for being late.

Same verb, different preposition Some verbs have different meanings when they are used with different prepositions, for example, look. k a ey forward to I love looking at old photographs. If you want to find something, for example, your key, you must look for it. Parents look after their children (= they take care of them). You look forward to something nice in the future, for example, a friend's letter, a holiday.

Adjectives Some adjectives are also followed by prepositions. I'm good at geography but bad at maths. I'm interested in (hearing) all your news. He is afraid of mice. John is proud of winning a medal and his mother is proud of him. Note: You are used to (or accustomed to) what you know well; you have to get used to / accustomed to something new, for example a new school or driving on the other side of the road; you are used to doing something, I'm used to getting up early, I always do.

Grammar Prepositions are followed by a noun: Joe is good at tennis or the -ing form of the verb: Joe is good at playing the piano [NOT good at play the piano].

Tip: Look carefully at prepositions when you read in English. Make a note of any phrases which use prepositions in a new way. 52

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 24.1

Match a phrase on the left with a phrase on the right, to make seven sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

24.2

for his mistake. about the holidays. for a train to London. to the hotel. for our tickets. to her walkman. for the money.

Complete these sentences with a preposition and an appropriate noun or pronoun. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

24.3

John is waiting This bicycle belongs The children thanked their grandmother Sally is listening He apologised Let me pay Billy is thinking

Joanna can't read yet but she likes looking .atl>.Qp/::;.<;... A nurse looks........ . . I can't find my glasses? Could you help me look. It's my birthday soon. I'm really looking . Why are you looking in that way? Is my face dirty? . I don't like my job very much. I'm looking Alex is going to France in July. He is looking . . I often look... . when their parents go out.

Fill the gaps with a preposition. her new job and is doing well there. She is very good (2) Anne has got used (1) talking to customers. She always listens (3) ..... them. She is very interested (4) . sport and she belongs (5).. . a tennis club and a swimming club. Her parents were very proud (6) her when she won a medal for swimming last year.

24.4

Hiroshi is a visitor from Japan. Make sentences about what he found strange, at first, in Britain. 1 2 3 4 5 6

24.5

driving on the left ./ Iti....o<;hi wa<; v<;uJ to d....iving.. on the- left. speaking English every day )( Ite- wa<;n't v<;uJ to <;pe-aking.. ~i<;h e-ve-....~ da~. eating British food )( traffic jams ./ expensive shops ./ British money )(

Answer these questions about yourself. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

What were you good at at school? What were you bad at? What do you usually ask for when you go to a cafe? What are you proud of? What are you afraid of? What kind of music do you like listening to? What are you looking forward to? Do you belong to any clubs? Are you used to eating different kinds of food?

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Prefixes Prefixes (at the beginning of words) can help you to understand what a new word means. Here are some common prefixes. prefix

meaning

examples

ex (+noun)

was but not now

ex-wife, ex-president

half (+noun or adjective)

50% of something

half-price, half-hour

in, im (+adjective)

not

informal, impossible

non (+adjective or noun)

not

non-smoking

pre

before

pre-school

re (+verb)

agam

redo, rewrite

un (+adjective or noun)

not

unhappy, unsafe

An ex-wife is a wife who is now divorced. President Gorbachev is an ex-President of Russia. A half-hour journey is a journey of 30 minutes. Something that cost ÂŁ10 yesterday and costs ÂŁ5 today is half-price. Informal clothes are clothes like jeans and trainers. Formal clothes are things like a suit. If something is impossible, you can't do it. It is impossible to read with your eyes closed. A non-smoking room is a room where people may not smoke. Pre-school children are children who are still too young to go to school. To redo something is to do it a second time and to rewrite something is to write it a second time. Unhappy means sad, the opposite of happy. Unsafe means dangerous, the opposite of safe.

Tip: Sometimes words with prefixes have a hyphen (-), e.g. a half-hour programme, and sometimes they don't, e.g. an impossible question. Use a dictionary when you are not sure if there is a hyphen or not. 54

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 2S.1

Choose one of the words from the prefix table to fit in these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6

25.2

This part of the restaurant iSl:lpl:I:-:-$.m9.1;i~. I can't read this. Please your homework. In English we often say 'Hi'. I liked school but my sister was very............ ..... there. I bought two T-shirts because they were..... in the sale. Don't walk on that wall - the notice says it is .

Write your own sentences to show what these words mean. ex-wife ex-president redo impossible pre-school

25.)

What do you think these words and phrases mean? Look at the table on the opposite page to help you. 1 an ex-husband a hV~Dalld who i~ IIOW divoY"u:-cl fY"om hi~ wife2 pre-exam nerves 3 an incorrect answer 4 an unread book 5 to retell a story 6 a half-brother 7 an unfinished letter 8 a non-alcoholic drink 9 to reread a book IOta readdress a letter

25.4

Find one more example of a word using the prefixes in the table. Use a dictionary to help you. Write a phrase or sentence using your word.

e-x: M~ half: Yov

e-X-DO~~ liv~ lIe-aY" me-. ~top at half-time- ill a

football mate-h.

25.5

Write a paragraph with at least eight of the example words from the table.

25.6

Find the negative forms of these words. Use a dictionary if necessary. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

possible impo~~iDIecomfortable safe formal smoking happy polite correct

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Suffixes Suffixes come at the end of words. They help you to understand the meaning of a new word. Here are some common suffixes. suffix

meaning

examples

er, or (noun)

person

worker, swimmer, instructor

er, or (noun)

machine, thing

cooker, word processor

ful (adjective)

full of

useful, beautiful

ology (noun)

subject of study

sociology, psychology

ics (noun, singular)

subject of study

economics, politics

less (adjective)

without

useless, endless

makes an adverb from an adjective

sadly, happily

ness

makes an abstract noun from an adjective

happiness, sadness

makes an adjective from a noun

sandy, sunny

He's a hard worker. He works 12 hours a day. Her tennis is much better now that she has a new instructor. She's a very good swimmer. 2" She was in the Olympic team. We've got a new gas cooker so the food should be delicious! Thanks for the information. It was very usefuL What a beautiful photo. I think it will win the competition. Studying sociology teaches you about society. Studying psychology teaches you about people. Economics is the study of money and finance. Although he is a very good Member of Parliament, he has never studied politics. This book is no help at all - it's useless. I can't finish this book - it's endless. He was late for work so he went quickly to the station. The little child danced happily across the grass. The mother was smiling with happiness as she held her baby in her arms. They said goodbye with great sadness because they knew they would probably never meet again. That beach is very popular with tourists because it is long and sandy. It's a lovely sunny day - let's go to the beach. 56

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

...-

Exercises 16. I

Which of the example words do these pictures illustrate?

1 a sY'm~ .~~~...

3 a golf i

2 He's smiling h

16.1

5 as..

6 au

4 a w

thing

Match the adjectives with the nouns in the box. Some adjectives go with more than one noun.

e;,1u.-rric.-

CAJo/:::.e.1'"

1 electric 2 fast

~ital'"

3 beautiful 4 sandy

worker cooker book SWimmer

16. J

beach guitar

5 sunny 6 hard

7 useful 8 endless

9 useless

weather car idea smile picture fun

Match these books with their subjects - sociology, psychology, economics or politics. 1 2 3 4

The Role of the President in the US Congress British Society in the 1950s Banking Today Why People Smile

16.4 Are there suffixes in your language? Write a translation or an explanation for the suffixes in the table.

16.5

What do you think these words and phrases mean? Use the information about prefixes and suffixes in the table to help you. 1 2 3 4 5

zoology the;, l;tvd~ a traveller slowly hopeful rainy

of a"iMall;

6 7 8 9 10

painless badly a tin opener mathematics a footballer English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

VVords you may confuse This unit looks at words which are easy to mix up.

Similar sounds quite/quiet This book is quite good. My bedroom is very quiet.

bad â&#x20AC;˘ quite good ----t.~ good = silent / no noise

loselloose Why do I always lose my keys! B: Here they are. A: Oh, thank you! A:

If you lose something, you do not know where it is / you can't find it. These trousers are very loose. because they are too big)

(loose means they are not tight,

fell/felt Fell is from fall/fell/fallen. Yesterday I fell and broke my arm. Felt is from feellfelt/felt. I felt ill yesterday, but I feel OK today.

cooker/cook This cooker costs ÂŁ500. (= the thing you cook on) He is a very good cook. (= the person who cooks)

Similar or related meanings

~ov

Wdnt to it?

DOVVOVV

lend/borrow

If you lend something, you give it. If you borrow something, you get it. Sam wants a bicycle: SAM: Will you lend me your bicycle? (= you give it to me for one day/an hour, etc.) or Can I borrow your bicycle? (= I get it from you)

~~~: i~:~~as~e it.

I{.~

.~ !f:\

check/control The passport officer checked my passport. (= looked at it) The mouse controls the computer. (= tells it what to do)

Other words often mixed up In English the afternoon is from about 12 o'clock till 5 or 6 p.m. The evening is from 5 or 6 p.m. until about 9 or 10 p.m. After 9 or 10 p.m. it is the night. They're waiting for the bus. I hope I pass my exams. (= I really want to pass) I have not studied; I expect I'll fail my exams. (= it's probable) 58

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 17. I

Fill the gaps with words from A opposite. The first letter is given. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

17.1

17.3

Please be .. tl!kd: The baby is sleeping. If you 1. your passport you must call the Embassy. If.. tired this morning, but I am OK now. We are going to buy a c .... for our new kitchen. She f.... . and broke her leg. She had to go to hospital. It's q cold today. I need smaller ones. These shoes are very 1.. My sister is a good c. I love eating at her house.

Put a tick in the right box for each word. Look at the example.

yes (.,1')

word

sounds like?

lose

juice

shoes

loose

juice

shoes

quite

right

higher

quiet

right

higher

yes (.,1') .,I'

Answer these questions. 1 What does a mouse do to a computer? It.~~rrpl.<;.it. 2 What does the passport officer do to your passport? He/She. 3 If you want to use someone's camera for two hours, what do you say? Can I . 4 What do you say to someone at 3 p.m.? Good. 5 What do people do at a bus stop? They. . . 6 What do you say to a friend if you need ÂŁ1 for the phone? Can you. 7 What do you say if someone makes too much noise? Please be

17.4

Answer these questions for yourself. 1 2 3 4

Are you expecting any visitors today? What do you hope to do with this book? Do you borrow things from your friends? What things? Would you lend your best friend ÂŁ200?

You can find other words that are often confused in these units in this book: Do and make Units 5 and 6 Take and bring Units 8 and 9 Say and tell Unit 13 Speak and talk Unit 13 Rob and steal Unit 57

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Birth, marriage and death Birth Diana had a baby yesterday. It was born at 1.15 yesterday morning. It weighed 3 kilograms.

\I Il'

They are going to call him John - after John, his grandfather. Grandfather John's birthday is June 16th too - but he was born in 1945! The baby's parents were born in 1974.

Marriage If you do not have a partner, you are single. If you have a husband or wife, you are married. If your husband or wife dies, you are widowed. If your marriage breaks up, you are separated/divorced (the marriage has legally ended). The wedding

(bride )groom Bill and Sarah got married. Sarah got married to Bill. [NOT wifh- Bill] They (got) married in church. They went on honeymoon to Italy. They were married for twenty years.

Death Then Bill became ilL He died last year. He died of a heart attack. Bill is dead.

The funeral 60

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 18.1

When and where were you and your family and friends born? Write sentences about five people. M~ Mothe-Y wa~ DonI ;11 Sc-otlalld Oil Jvl~ 4th 1<)41.

18.1

When were these people born and when did they die? Write sentences. 1 Christopher Columbus (1451-1506) c...hyi~tophe-Y C-olvMDv~ wa~ DOYII '" 1451 alld die-d ill 150b. 2 Elvis Presley (1935-1977) 3 Genghis Khan (1162-1227) 4 Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) 5 George Washington (1732-1799)

18.3

Fill in the blanks with died, dead or death. 1 2 3 4 5

18.4

Find a word or phrase opposite which means ... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S

18.5

Jill's grandfather............ ... last year. His...... .. ........ was a great shock to her. Her grandmother has been..... ... for five years now. She of a heart attack. Now all Jill's grandparents are

the name for a woman on her wedding day. Dyidethe name for a man on his wedding day. what you are if you haven't got a partner. to be X kilograms. what you are if your marriage has legally ended. a religious service for a dead person. a holiday after a wedding. what you are if your husband or wife dies.

Fill the gaps with words from the box. I in (1)

after

born

on I

1993 Anne got married

grandmother, Rosemary Smith, died and Anne were

(41

12 1 (3)

Robert Smith. Unfortunately, Robert's old age soon after their wedding. Robert

their honeymoon when she died. Anne's baby daughter was

(5) two years later. They called the baby, Rosemary, grandmother.

18.6

(6)

Robert's

Write about your family. Use words and expressions from the opposite page.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

The family A family tree for some of Anne and Paul Mason's relatives or relations.

William + Mary Mason

Amelia

f.}.~.I . '.\.~. '\\ '1'".,.,. . . ."

[~~l~

Sarah

Jack

Emily

Paul is Anne's husband and Sarah and Jack's father. Anne is Paul's wife and Sarah and Jack's mother. Anne and Paul are Sarah and Jack's parents. Sarah is Anne and Paul's daughter. Jack is their son. Sarah is Jack's sister. Jack is Sarah's brother. Henry is Sarah and Jack's grandfather. Diana is their grandmother. Henry and Diana are Sarah and Jack's grandparents. Sarah is Henry and Diana's granddaughter. Jack is their grandson. John and George are Sarah and Jack's uncles. Amelia and Sandra are Sarah and Jack's aunts. Sarah is Amelia, John, George and Sandra's niece. Jack is their nephew. Emily and Peter are Sarah and Jack's cousins.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Peter

Exercises 29. I

Look at the family tree on the opposite page. Finish the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

29.2

Emily is Peter's ....~i~f((:Y", .. Peter is Emily's. Anne is Emily's. Paul is Peter's . Diana is Peter's Henry is Emily's. Peter is Paul's. Emily is Paul's. Sandra is Emily's Sandra is George's. Sarah is Peter's.

Draw your family tree. Then write sentences. Write about your relations. Anne- 1<; rYI~

rYIothe-Y".

29.3

The Masons have some other relatives. Finish the paragraph about them.

Fiona

Sandra has a brother, Howard. Howard is Peter's ( I i . Howard's wife is Emily's • They are all very good friends. But Henry has a sister, Fiona. Henry is Fiona's (3) ..................• Fiona does not get on well with William, her (4).. but William loves Fiona's three sons who are his (5) .................• Fiona's boys are Paul's (6i. but they do not see each other very often. Then there is Anne's mother, Mrs Scott. She is Sarah and Jack's ( 7 ) . . . She and Anne, her ( 8 ) , like to play golf together. (2)...........

29.4

Ask a friend. Then write sentences about your friend and his or her family. c:..he-n ha<; one-

DY"othu and no <;i<;te-Y"<;. 1 2 3 4

Have Have Have Have

you you you you

got got got got

any any any any

brothers and sisters? cousins? nieces or nephews? grandparents?

29.5

Cover the page opposite. How many family words can you write down in two minutes? Check what you wrote carefully with the book. Did you spell everything correctly? Which words did you forget?

29.6

Write down the names of some people in your family. Then write down their relationship in English to you. Use a dictionary if necessary.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Parts of the body hair

ear mouth

nose ----'~-'-*

V~-r-----_ lip

tooth (teeth)

neck

leg

.t~;)'kin

side---I

~...~~~.\ ~

waist

back

stomach

hips

\\\\

\ ----'t~

~Y E

Pronunciation problems eye blood

knee foot

stomach tooth

heart

Grammar Usually we use my, your, his, her, etc. with parts of the body. Jane is washing her hair. I have a pain in my leg. [NOT Jane is washing th& hair. NOT I have a pain in 4e-Ieg.]

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

blood

Exercises 30.1

What are these parts of the body? 1 eken kJlu2 osen

30.2

5 olderush 6 are

7 hotot

Complete these sentences with words from the opposite page. 1 2 3 4

3O. 3

3 rathe 4 hamcost

A hand has fivef.i~t:~. A foot has five An adult has 32 You smell with your

5 6 7 8

The is a symbol of love. . You hear with your. The child sat on her dad's........ . Your type can be A, B, AB or

Parts of the body words are used in different contexts too. 1 2 3 4 5

A chair has arms, legs and a back. What do you think they are? This is a needle. Where is its eye? This is a clock. Where is its face? Where are its hands? This is a bottle. Where is its neck? This is a mountain. Where is its foot?

/p .A~~'-\ ;.5.~./. ,. ~~"

~ '~. 30.4

,'.;.-r.' . \.â&#x20AC;˘. ..

Âˇ~'A..

Parts of the body are often used in compound nouns too. Complete these nouns with a word from the opposite page.

1 .....C!r.m. chair

..... stick

.. scarf

{~.~'7'. ~

~~ 2

30.5

ball

brush

6.bag

Write down six of the words from the opposite page together with the same words in your own language. Then write down six different words with a picture of what the word means. Next week, test yourself. Which group of words do you remember best - those which you learnt with a translation or those which you learnt with a picture?

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

31 A

Clothes Clothes

jacket

coat

scarf

gloves

dress

Plural vvords These words are always plural in English. They need a plural verb. trousers

Jeans

tight~

glasses

sunglasses

My SUIt IS new but these trousers are old. Her shortS/Jeans/tIghts are blue. Note: You say: a pair of shorts/glassesltrousers, etc.

Verbs You wear clothes but you carry things. [NOT you

Y&â&#x201A;Ź-

clothes]

Naomi is wearing a long red coat. She's carrying a suitcase and a small handbag. You can also say: Naomi has (got) a red coat on. You carry a briefcase and an umbrella.

In the morning you get dressed or put your clothes on. At night you get undressed or take your clothes off.

Tip: Can you name all the clothes you usually wear? If not, use a dictionary to help you find the words you need. 66

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises J Iâ&#x20AC;˘I

Put these words into one or both columns. men

women

coat jacket dress tie belt shoes watch suit skirt shirt ring trousers sweater T-shirt handbag briefcase

J I .2

Match the part of the body with the item of clothing.

hat

J I.J

glove

glasses

rmg

tights

Choose one of the verbs in the box and put it in the right form. I be

wear

carry

have I

1 John's jeans '!t:.e::blue and his T-shirt. red. 2 Julia jeans and a T-shirt today. got a red coat on and she some flowers. Where is she 3 Meena going? 4 Sarah's dress .. old but her shoes new. 5 Last year John's trousers white. Now they. . grey. 6 .... this a new pair of jeans?

J I .4

Look at the picture and write the names next to the numbers.

1-------: 2-------~

J 1.5

Write a paragraph about what you are wearing today.

I'M we-a~i~ a white- T-<;hi~ al1d a blve- jVMpe-~. I've- ~t a pai~ of blac..k rrov<;e-~<; I'M we-a~i~ blve- <;oc..k<; al1d white- tr-ail1e-~<;. I've- al<;o ~t a watc.-h al1d a pai~ of 8a<;<;e-<; 011. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

011.

Describing people '.SOM

Height

(= how many metres?)

Mary Pimm is a very tall woman. [NOT Mary Pimm is a very -lligft woman.] Tom Jakes is quite short. [NOT Tom Jakes is quite -low.]

Mary Pimm

If you aren't tall or short, you are medium height. To ask if someone is tall or short, we say: How tall is Mary/Tom? She's 1.60 metres tall. / He's 1.48 metres tall.

Tom Jakes

Weight (= how many kilos?) Dolly Ryan

Dolly Ryan is really slim. I was very thin when I was in hospital. (thin is a more negative word) A rather fat man opened the door. (fat is quite negative) The doctor said I am overweight. (= more kilos than is good for me) How much do you weigh? I weigh 62 kilos / 74 kilos, etc.

Face and head Sally has dark hair and dark skin. Sally She has brown eyes. Polly has blonde (or fair) hair and fair skin. She has blue eyes. Billy has a beard and long hair. He has green eyes. Harry has a moustache and short hair. You can also use has got, for example, Sally has got dark hair and dark skin.

Age My grandmother is 97. She's very old. My sister is 14. She's young, but would like to be older. My father is 56. He's middle-aged, but would like to be younger! This hospital is for elderly people. (more polite than old)

Looks: positive (+) and negative (-) My sister is quite pretty. (+++) (usually girls/women only). She's a very beautiful girl. (++++) Jim's a very handsome man. (++++) (usually for men only) Bob's a rather ugly man. (---) I'm not ugly or beautiful, I'm just ordinary-looking! (+/-)

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 32. I

Fill the gaps in the sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

32.2

He's only one metre 52. He's quite <;h."rt... Very people are often good at basketball. Models are usually . Is her skin dark? No it's She's only 12. She's very.. . If I eat too much I'll be . My grandmother is in this hospital. It's a hospital for

people. (don't use 'old')

Ask questions for these answers. Use the words in brackets. 1 .. It"w}~II!s .. ~"y.t:pt:pt:hc<-r? (your brother) He's about one metre 75. 2 I s . . . . . . . ? (Elena's hair) No, her hair's dark. 3 Is... ? (Mike's hair) Yes, it is quite long. 4 Are ...... ... ? (your parents) Not really, they're middle-aged. 5 Is................... ? (his sister) Yes, all the boys want to go out with her. 6 Why............... . ? (Sara - thin) She has been very ill.

32. 3

Write sentences describing the people in these pictures.

Suzanna

1 2 3 4

32.4

Suzanna's got Jeff has Caroline's got Dick's hair is

Caroline

Jeff

Dick

. . . and he .

Write down the names of three people you know. Then write about: -

their their their their

height (tall, short, medium height) hair (colour, long, short, beard) eyes (colour) looks (ordinary, handsome, etc.)

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

33 A

Health and illness How are you today? I am very well, thanks. I'm fine, thanks. I don't feel very well. I must go home and rest. (I'll probably be OK tomorrow.) I feel ill. Can you get a doctor please. (Perhaps a serious problem.) That fish was bad. I think I'm going to be sick! (I want to vomit.)

Everyday problems Have you got an aspirin? I've got a headache.

I've got toothache. I need to go to the dentist.

I'm going to bed with a hot drink. I've got a cold.

Problems people have for many years I all their lives I get hay-fever every summer, from flowers and grass. I sneeze all day. My little brother has asthma; sometimes he can't breathe.

.sneeze

Illnesses in hot/tropical countries

<::':::~~~~:o:"O,quito ,

In some countries, mosquitoes can give people malaria. The drinking water was bad, and many children had cholera.

Serious illnesses My father had a heart attack. He is in hospital. Cancer kills many people who smoke ever year.

How to keep fit and well Have a good diet: eat lots of fruit and vegetables. Get some exercise: swimming, jogging, cycling are good for you. Don't have too much stress: relax after work, and don't panic about work!

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 11. I

Put these health problems in the three columns. Do you think they are not serious, more serious or very serious? cancer toothache cholera hay-fever a heart attack a cold asthma

not serious

11.2

a headache

more serious

very serious

Complete the dialogues. 1

How are you today?

B: .

Good!

Are you OK? No, ... Would you like to use the bathroom? Yes, thank you.

B: A: B:

A: B: A:

I. Shall I call a doctor? Yes, I think you should.

4 A:. B:

A: B:

11.1

Your nose is red. Have you got. Yes. Have a hot drink and go to bed early.

Answer these questions for yourself. Use a dictionary if you have to. 1 2 3 4

11.4

Here's the phone number of the school's dentist. Thanks.

What do you think is a good diet? What sort of exercise do you like? Do you have a lot of stress in your life? Have you ever been in hospital?

What illnesses are connected with ... 1 2 3 4 5

a mosquito bite? ma/,wia bad drinking water? pollution, traffic fumes? grass, flowers, etc.? smoking? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

34 A

Feelings Love I like I hate

T5.~

~ like

love

I I I I

don't like (dislike)

hate

love my family and my best friend. like my job. don't like horror films. (I dislike (horror films) is less common.) hate my boss.

I prefer coffee to tea. (= I like coffee more than I like tea.) I want (= I would like) a new car. (want + noun) I want to buy a new car. (want + infinitive) Note: I want my father to buy a new car. (verb + object + infinitive) [NOT I "ant that ...] I hope to do well in my exam. (hope + infinitive) I hope (that) my friend does well in his exam. (hope + that clause)

Happy I sad I tired

1i) ~~\

l~~o~

up'"

thirsty

hungry o

ill

r ~~~ ,

cold 72

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 14.1

Do you love, like, not like or hate these things? Write sentences. 1 2 3 4

14.2

chocolate cowboy films aeroplanes tea

5 6 7 8

football cats cars jazz music

Which do you prefer - tea or coffee? Write answers as in the example. 1 tea or coffee? I Pyefe-y CA)ffe-e- to te-a. 2 dogs or cats? 3 sunbathing or sightseeing?

14.1

Answer these questions using want or hope. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

14.4

4 BMWs or Rolls Royces? 5 strawberry or chocolate ice-cream? 6 watching sport or doing sport?

You're thirsty. What do you want? I WClnt a c-vp The lesson feels very long. What do you hope? You're hungry. What do you want? Your friend feels ill. What do you hope? You're tired. What do you want? You're upset. What do you want? It is very cold weather. What do you hope?

of te-a.

Look at the pictures. How do they feel? Use one of the words from B opposite.

~~~

5 Mrs Jones '"

~~00@ 2 Fred,

III~ ~II

6 Mr Jones, . , , ,

~~~~~~

7 Fiona,

4 William,

14.5

When did you last feel ... 1 angry?

2 surprised?

3 upset?

I fe-It a"c짜~ thi<; MoYni~ whe-n I ye-ad the- ne-w<;pape-Y.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

35 A

Greetings and other useful phrases Every day good morning

good afternoon

good evening

When we leave someone we usually both say Goodbye and perhaps, See you soon! See you soon is quite informal. When someone goes to bed, we usually say Goodnight. We sometimes also say Sleep well. Don't say Goodnight when you arrive somewhere, only when you leave.

If you ask for something you usually say Please. If someone does something nice for you, you say Thank you.

r(~,

JI'.lJ'r,

\{",lf~

g;-,

~;.'~::;f.

\'tL

It~'

Special days When it is someone's birthday we say Happy Birthday [NOT Congfatulation8]. On (or near to) the 25th December (Christmas Day) we say Happy or Merry Christmas. On (or near to) the 1st January (New Year's Day) we say Happy New Year.

If someone is going to do something difficult (for example, take an exam or have an interview for a job) we say Good luck!

If someone has done something special (for example, done well in an exam, got a new job, had a baby) we say Congratulations! or Well done!

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 3 s. I

Choose one of the phrases from the opposite page to fit the dialogues. 1

(sneezes) Atchoo!

B: .

I'm taking my driving test today.

I passed my driving test!

Goodbye.

How are you?

B: .

B: ....

It's my birthday today.

B: .

Hello!

B: .

B: ....

Here's your tea.

B: .

-~)

3 5.3

What do you say? Choose a phrase opposite. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

35.4

You want to order a coffee. The waiter is reading the newspaper. A friend buys you a drink. A child says 'Goodnight' to you. You answer the phone at work. It is 10.30 a.m. You answer the phone at work. It is 3 p.m. It is 2 a.m. on January 1st. You meet a friend on the street. A friend spoke too quickly. You don't understand. It is 24th December. You meet a friend on the bus.

Ann and Bill meet in a bar. Bill usually says the wrong thing. Correct his mistakes. ANN: BILL:

ANN: BILL:

35.5

Good evening. Good day. How are you? Terrible. I've got a bad cold and... It's my birthday today. Congratulations.

ANN: BILL:

Would you like a drink? No, thank you. A coke. With ice? No, please. Here you are. Cheers. Bless you!

Write a conversation using as many as possible of the phrases from the opposite page. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Countries, languages and people All the nouns and adjectives in this unit always begin with a capital letter, for example Africa [NOT ttfrica).

The Continents

f South~') ~~\

(0".

, America (

J>New Zealand

Antarctica

Norway-----7' Russia Colombia Venezuela Ecuador

'. 路';U,:\;.,.

Braz ~

,,":-;

Peru ~':"'"

(

- '~-~:~-~ Ii '/ J Paragua: Chile ----1) 'r----- Urugua' Bolivia

It is n~t possible to show all the countnes of the world on a small page.

" ,j '::::::;<::;:-,

cIJ

~Japan

,.--'

China

\1,-,

~f your ~ountry is ~ot included, check India~(r""i~,:.\;.:;~,,, 0 Phili ines Its EnglIsh name wIth your teacher. , ~ t ., ,~ PP Sri Lanka

People

Bangladesh

~~ Thailand \]

Singapore

notes

adjective

Most country adjectives end in (i)an.

German, Mexican, Jamaican, Russian, Canadian, Australian, Brazilian, Egyptian, Peruvian, Korean, Argentinian

Many country adjectives end in ish.

British, English, Irish, Scottish, Polish, Swedish, Finnish, Spanish, Turkish

A few country adjectives end in ese.

Chinese, Portuguese, Japanese, Vietnamese, Nepalese

Exceptions: French (from France), Dutch (from Holland), Swiss (from Switzerland), Greek, Iraqi, Thai, Icelandic, Arab, Israeli

Languages and people Words for languages are usually the same as the 'people' adjective: English, French, Japanese, Thai, Spanish, Chinese, Norwegian (from Norway), etc. There is one exception: Arabic. 76

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

l-J---- Argentin:

Exercises You may need to ask a teacher or to use a dictionary to help you with some of these exercises - it is not possible to include every country and nationality on the left-hand page.

:I 6.1

In which continents are these places? 1 Mount Everest ~ia 2 The Sahara 3 The Amazon

:16.2

7 The Mississippi 8 Mount Fuji 9 Lake Titicaca

4 Wogga Wogga 5 The Volga 6 Mount Kilimanjaro

Which countries are these? Write their names on them. Brazil

Spain

Russia

China

Sweden

Thailand

4 5

:I 6. :I

Where are these capital cities? Write sentences. 1 2 3 4 5

:16.4

Tokyo 1090 i~ th~ c..-apital Rome Canberra Bogota Cairo

Japan.

6 7 8 9 10

Vienna Edinburgh Ankara Buenos Aires Madrid

Write down in English: 1 2 3 4 5

:16.5

the the the the the

name of your country. names of the countries next to your country. names of any other countries which are important for your country in some way. word for your language. name for people from your country.

Which country is different? (Think of the languages they speak there.) Write sentences. 1 England, Canada, Iceland, Australia In ~~and, C-anada and A-v~mlia th~~ ~p~ak

~i~h pvt in '~Iand th~~ ~p~ak 1~lanJi'c..-.

2 3 4 5

:16.6

Mexico, Brazil, Spain, Chile Italy, Austria, Germany, Switzerland Morocco, Egypt, China, Saudi Arabia Switzerland, Canada, Scotland, France

What is the adjective for these countries? 1 2 3 4 5

Cuba c..vpan Vietnam Korea Thailand Iraq

6 7 8 9

Germany Egypt Argentina Holland

10 Spain 11 Peru 12 China 13 Britain

14 15 16 17

Greece Australia Poland India

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

VVeather Types of weather

sun

cloud

fog

wind

thunder

lightning

Adjectives and verbs noun

adjective

sun

sunny

ram

ramy

wind

windy

cloud

cloudy

snow

snowy

fog

foggy

thunder

thundery

lightning It's a sunny day in Tokyo today, but it's cloudy in Hong Kong. It's foggy in Sydney and it's snowing / it's snowy in Moscow. It's raining in Barcelona but the sun is shining in Granada. It's lovely weather today, isn't it! It's a horrible day, isn't it!

[NOT

It's -a-lovely weather.]

You cannot say It's winding / clouding / fogging / sunning.

Other useful weather words It is very hot in Mexico - it is often 45 degrees there in summer. It is very cold in the Arctic - it is often minus 50 degrees there. It is very wet in London - carry an umbrella when you go sightseeing there. It is very dry in the Sahara - it doesn't often rain there. A hurricane is a very strong wind. A storm is when there is a strong wind and rain together. A thunderstorm is when there is thunder, lightning, rain and sometimes wind together.

Tip: If you are able to see the weather forecast in English on television, watch it as often as you can. 78

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises J 7. I

Match the words and the symbols. 1 snow

2 sun

3 ram

5 lightning

4 fog

6 wind

7 cloud

J 7.2

Look at the types of weather in A. Write them down in order from your most favourite to your least favourite.

J 7. J

Look at the chart. Write sentences about the towns in the chart.

Hanoi

~ HongKong

J7.4

2 It is ni.Il!~ . .in..ItCl~ . .KQ~

La Paz

3 It is

Paris

4 It

Tashkent

Seoul

Warsaw

Washington

. .

The sun When it It is lovely When it You see It is 24 It is dangerous to be It is very

every day last month. , I take my umbrella. today, isn't it. , we can go skiing. before you hear thunder. here today. in a small boat at sea in a in Siberia in winter.

Are these sentences true about the weather in your country? If not, correct them. 1 2 3 4 5 6

J7.6

Complete these sentences with a word from the opposite page. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

J7.5

. It~M.I.

1 It is.. ~Y.Il!1.~ .. m

It often snows in December. It is usually 40 degrees in summer and minus 20 degrees in winter. There are thunderstorms every day in August. It is very wet in spring. We never have hurricanes. Summer is my favourite season because it is usually hot and dry.

Write about the weather where you are today. Use as many words as possible from the opposite page. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

In the town The town centre

You You You You

can can can can

get a train at the railway station. change money at the bank. read books and newspapers at the library. park your car in/at the car park.

Streets and roads

Asking for help

Where is the main square? How do I get to X street? Is there a pedestrian area here? Can I park here? Excuse me, I'm looking for the museum.

People in the town

.... ~:~,

~ ~ , ".

police officer

traffic warden

shop assistant

librarian

bank clerk

Signs PARKING PROHIBITED

no parking

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

4L,,~,,"traffic

lights

Exercises 38. I

Answer the questions. 1 2 3 4 5 6

38.2

Where Where Where Where Where Where

can can can can can can

I I I I I I

get a bus to London? At the- DV<; <;fatlort. get information about hotels? change money? park? see very old things? post a letter?

Look at the map on the opposite page. Ask questions. 1.Wh~r.~/<;.. th.<;-.../.Ip.~r.~? 2 3 .. 4 5 6

38.3

What words are these? 1 2 3 4

38.4

Near the roundabout. In the square. Go left at York Street. In the pedestrian area. London Road car park is best. There's a bank in Queen Street.

sumuem MV<;e-VM nowt hlal brilyra rac prak

5 ywrlaai nttoisa 6 dtaeepsrin raae 7 frtafci dnearw

What are these signs?

PARKING PROHIBITED 3

1 2

38.5

Write a paragraph about your town. Use the words opposite.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

In the countryside The countryside and the country both mean 'not the city'. Country can also mean a nation (e.g. France, China).

Things we can see in the countryside

Living and working in the countryside In the countryside, people usually live in a small town (e.g. 6,000 people) or village (e.g. 700 people). A farmer lives on a farm and works in the fields. My friend lives in a cottage (small house in a village or out in the countryside).

Nature

and conservation

Nature means 'everything in the natural world' (= animals, birds, plants, etc.). I love nature. [NOT I love 4e- nature.] I like walking in the countryside. [NOT I like walking in the~. 'Nature' is not a place.] When we talk about animals, birds, fish and insects, we can say wildlife. There is wonderful wildlife in the north of the country.

Near the village there is a conservation area (= place where wildlife and nature are protected). In the south of the country, there is a national park (= very big national conservation area).

Things to do in the countryside You can take food and drink and have a picnic. You can go walking/skiing in the mountains.

Exercises 39. I

Cover the left-hand page. How many names of things in the countryside can you remember?

39.],

Fill the gaps in thse sentences. 1 2 3 4

39.3

. . . It has 9,000 people.

We We We We We

sitting by the river. in the national park. in the lake. The water was warm. along a 5-kilometre path. down the mountain.

went swimming went walking went skiing saw some wonderful wildlife had a picnic

Describe the typical countryside where you come from. Write four sentences about it. Use these questions to help you. 1 2 3 4

39.5

a farm.

Match the beginning of the sentences on the left with the ends of the sentences on the right. Draw lines. 1 2 3 4 5

39.4

My brother is a .. .f~rm.~~,.. He lives It's not a big house; it's just a . The farm is near a . . . ; it has 800 people. 20 kilometres from the village there is a small.

Are Are Are Are

there there there there

any woods or forests? any hills or mountains? any lakes or rivers? many villages or small towns?

5 6 7 8

Are there farms? Are there paths where you can walk? Can you go skiing? Can you see wildlife?

Put the in the sentence if necessary. nature. 1 He loves 2 She wants to live in 3 They are interested in

country. wildlife.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Animals and pets Farm animals

animal

produce

horse

baby foal

cow

milk, leather, meat (beef)

calf

sheep

wool, meat (lamb)

lamb

pIg

meat (pork, bacon, ham)

piglet

hen

eggs, meat (chicken)

chick

Wild or zoo animals giraffe

elephant

Pets These animals are often pets. tortoise

Parrots and budgies are birds. You take your dog for a walk but you don't usually take your cat for a walk.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 40. I

Complete these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

40.2

A ..... tC?r.t.C?i.~~. ... goes to sleep in winter. A..................... has a very long neck. ,... . and. ... are birds. and... . are large cats. You can ride a............. .. and an ... swim and .. fly. You can buy at a butcher's. and give us things for breakfast.

Match the animal with its meat and with its young animal. Draw lines.

animal sheep cow hen pig

40.3

meat chicken pork beef lamb

young piglet lamb calf chick

Look at the animals opposite. Which of them ... 1 eat meat? 2 give us things that we wear? 3 produce their babies in eggs?

40.4

Look at the pictures and complete the crossword.

Down 1

Across 3

.Ft .. r.'

40.5

There are 17 different animals in the pictures on the opposite page. Cover the page. How many of these animals can you remember? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Travelling Types of transport

A:-- -~b+

~/~ ~~., ~~.~ . ".,:" 111·

train

~.~i~~

·'"P&fj;jY/iijy- ..

car

bus

bicyclelbike

taxi

L~S1~~'ZIi ...." .·'.· . ·.•.... ''/\ 1",,,_ .....""',.., -~~.

motorbike/motorcycle underground

;. ~.\ . ~~""'.fi.;/ • (f'9&

map ...

boat

~hip

helicopter

,)1.

timetable

customs

luggage

Can I have a single/return (ticket) to Barcelona please? (single = Madrid return = Madrid ~ Barcelona) I'd like to book/reserve a seat in advance. (to make sure you have a seat) How much is the (train / bus / taxi / air) fare? Was the journey long? [NOT Was the trave1long?]

passport ~

Barcelona;

By train The train arriving at platform 3 is the 16:50 train to Paris. The Edinburgh train departs/leaves from platform 6. Is there a buffet/restaurant car on this train? Do I have to change trains for Toulouse? (= get off one train and go onto another)

By plane You have to check in an hour before the plane takes off (= leaves the ground). I went through customs but nobody checked my passport. [NOT controlled my passport] (See Unit 27.) Give your boarding card to the flight stewards when you get on the plane. Have a good flight. ~~OlJ" The plane landed in New York at 5.30. , - c..:...:. i

By car We hired a car for a week. We had to fill it up with petrol. Can I give you a lift? I'm going into town. Unit 14 (Moving) has some more useful words about travelling.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 41 â&#x20AC;˘ 1

Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right. Draw lines. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

41 .2

a b c d e f g

a place to eat on a train bags and suitcases it says when trains depart and arrive what you must pay when you travel planes do this at airports it travels on water e.g. the Titanic where you stand when you are waiting for a train

Can you answer these questions about the vocabulary of travel? 1 2 3 4 5 6

41.3

land fare buffet car ship timetable platform luggage

What is the difference between a single ticket and a return ticket? What does a customs officer do? Does a plane take off at the end of a journey? What do you do with a boarding card? What is the difference between hiring a car and buying a car? If you ask someone for a lift, do you want to go to the top floor?

Here are instructions to get to John's house from the airport.

Whe-II ~ov an'iv'e- at the- air-port, ta/:::.e- a IIVM~e-r- 10 ~v~ to the- r-ailwa~ ~tatioll. The-II ta/:::.e- a tr-aill to Bi~owlI. l11e- jowlle-~ ta/:::.e-~ half all how alld ~ov ~t off the- tr-aill at the- ~u..olld ~top. -ta/:::.e- a taxi tr-OM the- ~tatioll to JOhll/~ hov~e-. Now write instructions for someone to get to your house from the airport.

41 .4

Make cards to test yourself. Write the word on one side of the card and a picture (or a definition or translation) on the other side. Look at the pictures (or definitions or translations). Can you remember the English words?

41.5

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Notices

No smoking here.

You go out here.

There are lots of different signs for public toilets.

Men Toilets

Women

Tip: Look for other signs in English. Write down any that you see. 88

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

You go in here.

Exercises 42.1

Choose the correct letter.

1 2 3 4

b Your sister wants to go to the toilet. You want to buy something. Your father wants to go to the toilet. You want to go out of the shop.

42.2

Look at each of the notices on the opposite page. Write down a place where you can see each of them. No ~Mo/:::.i~ - ill a Y"~tavrclllt.

42.1

Look at the pictures and answer the questions.

1 Can you go in now? No

4 How do you open the door - a or b?

I' 2 Can you use the telephone now?

5 How do you open the door - a or b?

~.~ .:~::·,,'«~:·;i::<':·/:!4·"··"·;i::.;i ..·.:

IUb

42.4

42.5

.•",•.

6 You haven't got much money. Is this a good time to go shopping?

Notices often give you information (for example, that a shop is closed) or give you . instructions (for example, that smoking is forbidden). Put the notices on the opposite page into two columns - Information and Instructions. Where can you find examples of signs in English in your country? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Food and drink Everyday food Do you want some bread? [NOT Do you want tt bread?] â&#x20AC;˘ In China, most people eat rice. . In Italy, pasta is very popular. Many people eat meat or fish almost every day. i'.';~' ))~

Popular food I fast food

.. .~ #.~.-_. , .:p

Most young people love hot-dogs, hamburgers and pizzas.

c...

Most British people like fish and chips.

Fruit and vegetables Vegetables are good for you. Fruit is also good for you. (singular) [NOT fruits]

(y\i;p0)O carrots

beans

potatoes tomatoes

peas

omons

Fruit

orange

banana

pear

grapes

garlic

-. â&#x20AC;˘

strawberries

mushrooms

pineapple

Drinks

tea

milk

fruit juice

beer

wIDe

Tip: Go to a supermarket. How many drinks and foods have English names on them? Try to learn some of them. 90

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 43.1

Complete the sentences. Use words from A and B opposite. 1 2 3 4 5 6

43.2

R.ie.e..

is the most important food in Japan. ... ........ ....... .... ... and . .. .. are very popular in Britain. . Chips are made from Most Italian people love . Hamburgers are made from. . . is a sausage inside a piece of bread. A

Put these words into two lists: fruit and vegetables, as in the example. beans

pineapple

grapes

fruit

omans

apple

carrot

garlic

pear

mushrooms

vegetables be-an~

43.3

Write the names of these fruit and vegetables.

路 S '"

43.4

4 ..

...

Here are the names of some drinks with the letters mixed up. What are they? 1路 eta fe-a 2 rebe 3 klim

43.5

.~.

4 fecofe 5 rituf eciju 6 nilemar retaw

What are your four favourite foods? And your three favourite drinks? Are they good for you? Use a dictionary if the names are not in this unit. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

In the kitchen What's in the kitchen? shelf

cupboard

Things we use in the kitchen

, 4i拢i cloth

kitchen paper/roll

,:"',/1,

saucepan,:',路,:',路", ....

tea towel

.-.-:: ..

frying pan

teapot

coffee maker

Things we use for eating and drinking

chopsticks

.;:;?)

cup

mug

saucer

Questions in the kitchen Where can I find a mug / cloth / some kitchen paper? Can I help with the washing-up / the cooking? Where does this cup / plate / frying pan go? (where do you keep it?) Where shall I put this cup / the milk? 92

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 44. I

Tick (.I) yes or no. 1 2 3 4 5 6

44.2

.... ...... .... ..

... ....

It's in the cupboard. It's on the cooker. Please put it in the sink. Thanks. You can wash those plates, and I'll dry them.

What do you need? 1 2 3 4 5 6

44.4

Ask questions for these answers. Use words from the left-hand page. 1 2 3 4

44.3

yes

I use a frying pan to drink out of. Washing-up liquid makes the dishes clean. The fridge is cold inside. The freezer is not as cold as the fridge. I turn on the tap to get water. A tea towel is for making plates wet.

To To To To To To

make coffee I need ...0?ff~, .w.(rt~~/.mi.lf:;:., ..<u;~<>ff~m~~r, .~.. 4-.Vr/ .. ~ ..SpP9.r), make tea I need . fry an egg I need.. . . eat my food I need . drink some water I need . make my dinner in just two minutes I need .

Look at the pictures. Answer the questions.

1 2 3 4

What's What's What's What's

near the cooker? on the cooker? on the shelf? in the cupboard? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

In the bedroom and bathroom Bedroom bedside lamp

hairbrush~

~ .~ ~'~""ingt

ala~:o~'O~ m,rro<

bedside table nightdress/nightie wardrobe

Bathroom soap {I

.â&#x20AC;˘

toothpaste

,/~

~ ~) .e;,

shampoo

Joel's routine Joel goes to bed at 11 o'clock. He goes upstairs to his bedroom. He gets undressed and goes to bed. He reads for a bit. He turns off the light and falls asleep. He wakes up when his alarm clock rings. He gets up. He has a shower, cleans his teeth and gets dressed. He goes downstairs to the kitchen for breakfast. (See Unit 12.)

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 45.1

Look at the picture and write the words next to the numbers.

45.2

Write down five more things that you need to take with you if you go to stay with a friend for one night.

.t~Qth~r.vsh .. 45.J

1 Anne

4 Mr Park

2 Selim and Umit

5 Jaime.

3 Mrs Park

6 Lee

45.4

Write down the words for all the things you have in your bathroom. Use a dictionary to help you, if you need to.

45.5

Describe your bedroom. Write four or five sentences.

45.6

Write about your night-time routine. Use the verbs in C opposite. I v<;valt~ ~ to peel at ... English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

In the living room Things in the living room CD player / music centre

phont'

picture

curtains

bookshelf

~light

books

switch

armchair

phone book

coffee table

carpet

chair

Useful prepositions The sofa is near the window. Next to the sofa is a small table. The TV is in the corner.

The coffee table is in the middle of the room. The bookshelf is against the wall. Where's the telephone book? Under the small table.

Things we do in the living room Every evening I watch television. Sometimes I listen to the radio or listen to music. Sometimes I read. Sometimes I just relax. (= rest and do nothing)

Things we use Where is the remote control for the TV? There's a reading lamp on the desk. Close the curtains and switch the light on; it's getting dark. Turn the radio off and turn the TV on, please. I want to watch the football.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 46. I

Write down the names of ... I 2 3 4 S 6 7

46.2

Somewhere you can put books. a boofc.~he.lf Somewhere two/three people can sit. Somewhere you can put down your coffee-cup. Something you can look at on the wall. Something for switching the light on/off. Something for listening to music. Something under your feet.

Choose (a), (b) or (c). I If you want to relax, which is the best? (a) a chair (b) an armchair (c) a sofa 2 If it is dark and you want to read, do you ... ? (a) close the curtains (b) switch on the reading lamp (c) switch off the light 3 If you want to watch a different TV station, do you ... ? (a) use the remote control (b) use the power point (c) turn off the TV

46.3

Fill the gaps with the correct prepositions. Look at the picture opposite. I 2 3 4 S

46.4

the floor there is a carpet. There is a small table the corner. There is a TV The TV is the door. The bookshelf is the wall. The coffee table is front. . the sofa.

the table.

Write about your living room at home. Draw a plan of it first. Describe your furniture (tables, chairs, sofa, etc.). Say where things are (e.g. next to ..., in the corner ..., near ..., etc.). What colour are the walls? Are there any pictures on them? What do you do when you are in your living room?

46.5

Word puzzle. How many names of things in the living room can you find? t

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Jobs What's his/her job?

secretary

shop assistant

hairdresser

Job (noun) and work (verb) What's your job? or What do you do? I'm a waiter.

Where do you work? I work in a restaurant. Is it an interesting job? Yes, I like it.

Workplaces

I work in a factory / an office etc. I work at/from home.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

engineer

Exercises 47.1

Where do they work? 1 2 3 4 5 6

47.2

A A A A A A

teacher .w.q~..in .. ~ .~hq9.1!0?II~<짜:!Y.I)!y'q<;.if~ . doctor . waiter.. .. .. . secretary . shop assistant . . .. hairdresser

Match the pictures with the jobs in the box. farmer

47.3

. .

engmeer

taxi-driver

mechanic

nurse

secretary

Answer the questions for yourself. 1 What do you do? 2 Where do you work? 3 Is it an interesting job?

47.4

Word puzzle. Fill in the letters.

Across 1 works on a bus 2 works in a school 3 writes books

Down 1 works in a hospital 2 works in a restaurant 3 works with the doctor

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

At school and university Subjects

rto'tU1. ~ a. n.a..m.t

word =.

English

I.~ . ,I)

mathematics

art

history

biology

geography

11I1!mm /'J

physics

languages information technology

technical drawing

physical education

musIc

â&#x20AC;˘

chemistry

r"iij

til; ; â&#x20AC;˘ JD

Useful things board

noticeboard

cassette

,di

p,n~ board rubber

ifj',,:J: paper clip

'(ff?

board~

-9

drawing pin

tape recorder

pencil

ruler

Useful verbs A maths teacher teaches maths. Her students study maths. After school, students do homework. At primary school, children learn to read and write. A university teacher gives a lecture on chemistry and the students take notes. Students can do an (English) course in many colleges and schools. At the end of a course, you often have to take/do an exam. You hope to pass your exams. You don't want to fail your exams.

If you pass your final exams at university, you get a degree. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

textbook

~~.

video recorder

100

AJ'

notebook

Exercises 48. I

Match the subject on the left with the topic a 1 maths b 2 physics c 3 history d 4 geography e 5 physical education f 6 English g 7 chemistry h 8 biology 9 information technology

48.2

Look at the subjects in A. Which were your favourite subjects? Which did you not like?

48.3

Look at the picture for 30 seconds. Then cover it. How many of the ten objects can you remember? Write them down in English.

on the right. animals gymnastics 25y + 32 x = 51z e = mc 2 H 20 the countries of the world the 15th century computers spelling

, •\, - ..•:;.-=

...•......... '"

48.4

Which of the things in B opposite have you got in the room where you study English? Write down the words for everything you can see.

48.5

Choose a verb from C opposite to fill the gaps below. Put the verb in the correct form. John did well at school. He always found it easy to (l)/e-ay" . and he always (2) his homework. He (3) .. all his school exams. Now he (4) geography at university. He is also (5). . .. a special geology course. He enjoys sitting in lectures, listening to the lecturer and (6 )... . notes. He will (7) .. his final exams next year. If he (8). . . , he will (9 ). . . .... a degree in geography. If hellO) ..., he will be very sad. He would like to become a geography lecturer. He would like to (ll) .... lectures.

48.0

Choose the ten words from the opposite page which you most want to learn. Write them down in one column on a piece of paper and in a second column put a drawing (or a translation or a definition). Cover the words in the first column and look at the second column. Can you remember the words? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

101

Communications Letters

date

- - - postbox address - - -_ ___+_ Don't forget to put a stamp on the envelope. Don't forget to post the letters.

stamp

envelope

Telephone and fax

mobile phone Juan makes a lot of phone calls. He phones his girl friend every day. Jill sent me a fax yesterday. What is your phonelfax number? 330718 (= double three oh seven one eight)

A typical phone conversation SUE: NICK: SUE: NICK: SUE: NICK:

Two three four six five oh. Hello. It's Nick here. Can I speak to John, please. I'm sorry, he isn't here at the moment. Can I take a message? Thanks. Could you just tell him Nick called. I'll call back later. OK. I'll tell him. Goodbye. Bye.

E-mail

keyboard Anne gets a lot of e-mails from New York. What is your e-mail address? Mollflanders@cup.cam.ac.uk (= Moll Flanders at C-U-P dot C-A-M dot A-C dot U-K)

Tip: If possible, get an example of a letter and an e-mail in English. Write down any useful words or phrases in them. 102

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 49.1

Have you got any of the things on the opposite page? Make a list. an~we:-r"phone:-

49.2

What are the names of these things?

3 ..

49.)

6 .....

Complete this phone conversation. SALLY:

MEENA: SALLY:

MEENA:

49.4

333091 Hello. (1).. . Meena here. Can I (2) I'm (3).. ., he's at work (4) Can I (5)... . ..... a message? It's all right. I'll ( 6 ) . . . . . . . . back later. OK, then. Bye. Bye.

to Amal, please. the moment.

Write down these numbers and addresses then read them aloud. 1 Two telephone or fax numbers that are important to you. 2 Two e-mail addresses that are important to you. Now practise reading aloud the examples in the key at the end of the book.

49.5

Answer these questions. 1 2 3 4 5

Which is quickest - a phone call, a fax, an e-mail or a letter? a phone:- c.-all Which is cheapest - a phone call, a fax, an e-mail or a letter? Have you sent all of these - a letter, a fax and an e-mail? Have you received all of them? Which is your favourite way of communicating with a friend? Which is your favourite way of business communication? English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

103

Holidays Holiday (noun) We had a wonderful holiday in Egypt in 1996. I'm not working next week. I'm on holiday. Are you going on holiday this summer?

Types of holidays We are going on a package holiday to Hong Kong. (everything is included, flights, hotel, etc.) We're going to have a winter holiday this year. (often means skiing / winter sports) I want to go camping this year. (sleep in a tent) I'm going on a walking holiday in the Alps. (usually means walking up mountains) A coach tour is a cheap way to go on holiday. (going in a big, comfortable bus)

Transport Are you flying to France from England? No, we're going by ferry. (ship where you can take your car with you) We're going by car / by train / by bus. (See Units 14 and 41.)

Don't forget to take with you ... your passport (if you are going to another country) a visa (a special stamp in your passport to go to some countries) your tickets some traveller's cheques and currency (money of the country you are going to) a camera a phrase book (if it's a different language) your luggage

When you are there ... Send some postcards. Try the local food. Enjoy the nightlife. (discos, clubs, etc.) Try to speak the language. Go to the Tourist Information Office if you have any questions. (or the Tourist Office) 104

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

~.~ /~.-

@'"

Exercises 50.1

Fill the gaps. 1

A: B:

50.2

Are you going holiday this year? Yes, I'm going camping. Did you have a good Yes, it was wonderful.

in Greece?

Are you flying to Italy? No I'm going train.

These people are talking about their holidays. What type of holiday did they have? 1 2 3 4

50.3

Are you working on Monday? No, I'm holiday.

Everything was included, meals, hotels, flights. We were on the same coach for seven days. I was very tired. We walked about 20 kilometres every day. It wasn't very good. There wasn't much snow.

Put a plus (+) in the boxes for the different ways of travelling. Put one plus (+) for sometimes true, two for very true (++), three for absolutely true! (+++)

you can take a lot of luggage

very fast

you see a lot as you travel

usually cheap

you can relax

ferry car flight

50.4

Write the names of these things you need for a holiday.

50.5

~~ :..

What do we call: 1 Cheques you can use in different countries? t.. . c.. 2 A special stamp or paper for your passport to enter a country? a v

50.6

Fill the gaps in these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5

Don't forget to send me .. il. p.Q<;t~ilr~,. The.. . is good; the discos are open all night. food. I had hamburgers every day! I didn't try the Is there a Office here? I want some information. I'd like to go to Estonia for my holiday but I can't speak t h e . . . . . English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

105

Shops and shopping Kinds of shops

~ •.b utcher*

supermarket

~ toy shop

baker *

post office

chemist ;'

hairdresser *

newsagent

gift shop

,~ These words are also for people's jobs. We often add's and say: I'm going to the newsagent's to get a paper. Do you want anything from the butcher's?

Department store A department store is a large shop which sells a lot of different things - clothes, cosmetics, toys and so

ele,ctriical goods, furniture :JECCJJJLJfL0CJii

• F:..JIJ;f{rJ fLCJ0n

childrenswear, menswear, toys

(cosmetics

restaurant

= beauty products; stationery = pens, pencils, paper, etc.)

Going shopping You buy something from a shop assistant. You pay for it at the cash desk / till. You get a receipt.

Useful phrases Can I help you? How much does this cost? Can I pay by cheque / credit card? No, cash only. Sorry, I only have a £20 note; I don't have any change (coins). Can I try it on? Have you got a bigger / smaller size / a different colour? cheque book Would you like a (carrier) bag?

106

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

credit card

Exercises S I•I

Match the item with the shop. toy shop 1

~ .. I -

S 1.2

~ l

@ ~Y

souvenir T-shirt

h,ach hall

postcards

I want to get a newspaper. The. "e.w~a~"t'~. Your hair is too long. I need some stamps. We must get Jim a present. I'd like to buy a book. I want to buy everything in one shop.

Look at the department store plan in B. Which floor will you go to if you want to buy: 1 2 3 4

S I .4

newsagent's

Where do you need to go? 1 2 3 4 5 6

S I .3

chemist's

gift shop

~sausages

@@~

(I)

baker's

aSplrm

'rill

----

butcher's

an armchair? lipstick? a cup of tea? a packet of tea?

5 6 7 8

a skirt? some tennis balls? a pair of boots? some baby clothes?

9 10 11 12

a tie? a TV? pens? a doll?

Write the words for these definitions. 1 2 3 4 5

a person who sells things in a shop ~hop a~~i~ta"t money not a cheque or credit card a person who cuts hair 'plastic money' a floor lower than the ground floor

Now write definitions in English for: 6 a £5 note 7 the first floor

S I •S

8 a receipt 9 a cash desk

Make a list of ... 1 the shops in a street near you. 2 the departments there are in your favourite department store.

S 1.6

Fill the gaps in the dialogue. CUSTOMER: SHOP ASSISTANT: CUSTOMER: SHOP ASSISTANT:

How much does this shirt. £25. I'll take it, please. Can I Certainly. I'll put your receipt in the

.? by credit card? . English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

107

In a hotel At reception

form

shower

telephone

kettle

hair dryer

Do you have a single room (= for one person) a double room (= for two people)? How much is a single room with a bathroom? I have a reservation. (= I booked a room) My name is ... The receptionist may say: Your room is on the first floor. The lift is over there. Here is your key. Would you like some help with your luggage? Can you fill in this form, please? Sign here, please. (= write your name) Please, check your bill. (= make sure it is correct) When you leave you say, Can I check out, please? Can I have the bill, please?

Using the telephone How do I get an outside line? (You want to phone someone who is not in the hoteL) What is the code for Korea / Poland, etc.? Can I have breakfast in my room, please? Can I have a morning call, please? At 6.30. (You want to wake up at 6.30.) What time is breakfast/lunch/dinner?

Changing money You can often change money in a big hotel. Here are some useful phrases. Can I (ex)change some money, please? Can I change some dollars into pounds, please? How many yen to the pound at the moment? (yen = Japanese currency) Can I cash a traveller's cheque? 108

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 52. I

Look at the pictures and complete the dialogue with words from the opposite page.

CN~

(I)

CLIENT:

Can I have a

RECEPTIONIST:

Would you like a room with a

........ room for tonight, please? ~1

Yes, please. And with a

RECEPTIONIST:

All our rooms have a TV, a

the

~')l'

The

52.2

.. , please.

(3)

(4)

and a

.. I can give you room 25. It has a view of

(6)

(8)

...... Here is your

(7)

... is over there. It's on the second floor.

Match what you want on the left with what you need on the right. You want: 1 to have a cup of tea in your room 2 to go to the top floor 3 to open your door 4 to get up at 6 a.m. 5 to phone your country 6 to watch the news 7 to wash your hair 8 to dry your hair

52.3

(2).....

'f.:':':"r@l

CLIENT:

(S)

A tr~

You need: a the lift b an outside line c a shower d a kettle e a hair dryer f a morning call g a TV h a key

Do you know? 1 2 3 4 5

How much does a hotel room cost in the capital of your country? What is the code for Britain if you phone from your country? How many US dollars are there to your own currency at the moment? How much of your own currency is there to the pound? Why are traveller's cheques useful when you are travelling?

52.4

You are on holiday in London with two other people. You want rooms for one night. Write a dialogue.

52.5

Write down six questions that you can ask in a hotel beginning: Can I ... ?

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

109

Eating out Places where you can eat cafe: you can have a cup of tea/coffee and a snack there (= something small to eat like a sandwich or a cake). They sometimes serve meals there too. restaurant: you go there for a full meal; more expensive than a cafe. bar/pub: bars and pubs serve alcohol and soft drinks (= non-alcoholic drinks like fruit juice and lemonade); you can usually have a meal or a snack there too. sandwich bar: a place that serves lots of different kinds of sandwiches. People usually buy sandwiches and take them to eat in a different place, at work or in the park. fast food restaurant: you can get a quick hot meal there, for example burger and chips. self-service restaurant/cafe: you take what you want, pay for it and carry it to your table.

In a restaurant

• Tomato soup

• Roast beef, green peas, carrots and roast potatoes

• Melon • Chicken salad

• Orange juice

• Steak, mashed potatoes and mixed vegetables

• Fish, chips and beans

• Ice-cream

• Strawberries and cream

• Fruit salad

• Chocolate gateau

C1r

• Cheese, ham or plain omelette

Ordering food WAITER: CUSTOMER: WAITER: CUSTOMER: WAITER:

Are you ready to order? Yes, I'd like tomato soup and steak, please. Would you like the steak with chips or new potatoes? And how would you like your steak - rare, medium or well-done? Well-done, please. And with chips. And what would you like to drink?

(later) WAITER: CUSTOMER:

110

Is everything all right? Thank you, it's very nice.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises S 3. I

Which of the places in A opposite would you go to if you ... 1 2 3 4 5

want to buy something in the morning to eat at lunch-time at work? a e;alldwic..h barwant a romantic dinner for two? have three small children with you? arrive half an hour early to meet a friend? are very thirsty?

S 3.1

Do you have all the places in A in your country? Write down all the places you have. Give an example of an eating place of this type. fae;t food r-e-e;taVr-illlt - Me-Palla/d'e;

S 3.3

Look at the menu on the opposite page. 1 What would you eat from the menu opposite? 2 What would a vegetarian eat? (Vegetarians don't eat meat.)

S 3 .4

Choose one of the words in the box which can go with each of the words in each group. steak 1 2 3 4 5 6

S 3. S

omelette

gateau

-5fffiiT

salad

You can have tomato / vegetable / chicken ...... 9).~P. ... to start. Would you like a cheese / ham / plain....... .? I'll have the chicken / ham / fruit . I'd like some roast / mashed / new . Can I have the chocolate / strawberry / apricot... .. ........ , please. Do you like your well-done / medium / rare?

There are some mistakes in this dialogue. Correct the mistakes. WAITER: CUSTOMER: WAITER: CUSTOMER: WAITER: CUSTOMER:

S 3.6

potatoes

Are you ready for order? Yes. I like vegetable soup and steak, please. What would you like your steak? Rare, medium or done good? Rare, please. What you would like to drink? A orange juice, please.

Cover the page opposite and write down all the words you can remember. Then look at the page again and write down any words you forgot.

Tip: Sometimes restaurants in other countries have English menus for tourists. Look at one of these. Write down any useful words you find.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

III

Sports Ball games We play all these sports. I play rugby. Do you play baseball?

football (soccer)

rugby American football

volleyball baseball tennis

Other popular sports ..

'" -=:::::---~. " \I

..i'

motor racing

swimming

sailing

judo/karate r

horse racing We use go or do with most of these sports. I go running. He does canoeing. We use do only with judo and karate. She does judo. I do karate.

Asking questions about sports Do you do any sports? Yes, I go swimming/running/sailing/canoeing. Do you play football/tennis/badminton? What's your favourite sport? I like motor racing best. (See Unit 4.)

Where we do sports We play tennis/badminton/volleyballlbasketball on a tennislbadminton/volleyballlbasketball court. We play football/cricket/rugby on a football/cricket/rugby field or pitch. We swim in a swimming pool. 112

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 54.1

Cover the left-hand page and try to remember the names of these sports.

ÂŠ

. ,-

54.2.

What sports do you think of when you see ... ?

54.3

~ ~4: 6

Ask questions for these answers. 1 .. Wh.~t's .. ~Q\lr. .. f~'l.qvr!t~ .. sp.Qd? . I like running best. 2 Do you . ? Yes, but not soccer, only American football. 3 ? No, I don't do any at all. I prefer watching TV. 4 Do you . ? Yes. I go to the swimming pool every Friday.

54.4

Write the names of the sports you have done. Which ones do you like? Which do you not like? Which ones would you like to do?

Tip: Make a page in your vocabulary book for 'sports'. Look at the sports pages of an English language newspaper. Write down the names of sports you do not know. Look them up in a dictionary.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

I 13

Cinema Types of films

~\ a horror film

a musical

a crime/detective film

a cartoon

a comedy

a SCIence fiction film

Do you like westerns? No, I like science fiction films best. The best action film I've seen was Goldfinger with James Bond. If I see a horror film, I can't sleep.

People in films Zelda Glitzberg is a film star. She lives in Hollywood. She is in the new James Bond film. Sean Connery played James Bond in From Russia with Love. I like films by Italian directors.

Watching films Do you go to the cinema often? Yes, I go every week. No, I watch videos at home. What's on at the cinema this week? It's a comedy called Airplane. Have you seen The English Patient? Yes I saw it on TV. Did you like Dirty Harry? Yes, I loved it / enjoyed it. No, it was boring. (= makes you want to fall asleep) 114

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 55. I

What types of films are these? 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 S

55.2

Some cowboys rob a train. We.<;te.l'lI A flying saucer lands from Mars. A dead person comes back to life. James Bond saves the world. Mickey Mouse goes on a picnic. A man falls in love with his teacher. A dead body is found in the river. There are lots of songs and dancing.

Word puzzle. How many words for other types of films can you make with the letters of ROMANTIC? C-

C S W M

55.3

R Y T C C A

N F N L

-- N

Do you prefer to go .. cinema or to watch TV? We a video last night. Who James Bond in You Only Live Twice? ... Dirty Harry? Was Clint Eastwood All the big...... . live in Hollywood. Stephen Spielberg is a famous American film

Answer these questions for yourself 1 2 3 4

55.5

Fill the gaps in these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6

55.4

R 0 M A N T I C

Name one science fiction film you have seen. Who is your favourite film star? Do you like detective films? Can you name one? Can you watch horror films?

Write down the English names of three films you have seen this year. You can learn vocabulary by remembering the English names of films. For example: fOvl' Weddi~ and a 'f'v 1Ie.Y"a I May<; ~! /tOMe. Alone.

55.6

Try to name one example of each type of film from the opposite page!

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

I 15

Leisure at home TV, radio, music, video

Hobbies/activities at home A lot of young people play computer games every day. ~\ Do you use the Internet? l~I'1 J I really like cooking. ~ Do you like gardening? -. . . %J!9 We grow flowers and vegetables in our garden. I live in a flat. I don't have a garden, but I have a lot of house plants.

~ID:II.:t-..~~~ •.'.•.~/."'

iJIfiE)~\1 ~ •. •. ~ lJ ~ ~~ (;1.•>.••.....•.• " •.

G"". ~.;dir

Reading I read a lot at home. What do you read? ! I read novels. (= long stories) I like books about nature/different countries, etc. ," tC I like magazines about rock music and sport. Do you read a newspaper every day?

13/' b

Time with other people

So~e~::ss;;hi;;i~~ f~~e;~st~r~:rn~~:::;fl::~nds around. I often have people/have friends to dinner. My best friend comes to stay sometimes. (= sleeps in my houselflat) I talk to my friends on the phone every evening. or I ring my friends every evening.

Just relaxing

I 16

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

~,!., fif) II ~~.~ 1;:.j / "\

Exercises 56.1

What are these people doing?

1 She's

2 He's

3 He's

56.2

.... a

6 He's

to a

Sometimes I .. I!~tc;-;t).. to CDs or tapes. I prefer to . ..... magazines more than newspapers. I ..... to my sister on the phone every Sunday. A lot of people like to a sleep after lunch. Do you ever. ... friends to dinner? The children computer games every evening. Shall we a video tonight? Did you .. ... the programme about Namibia yesterday? My father vegetables in his garden.

Answer for yourself.

If you have friends around, what do you like to do? Does anyone come to stay at your houselflat? What do you like to read most? How often do you ring your friends?

1 2 3 4

56.4

Fill in the missing verbs. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

56.3

4 She's.

Interesting or boring? Put these leisure activities in order, from most interesting to most bonng, in your opinion. gardening cooking reading using the Internet listening to music doing nothing ~

most interesting

watching videos

most boring

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

117

Crime Crimes, people who do them, and verbs

mugging

crime

a mugger

a murderer

person

to rob somebody or a place (e.g. a bank)

to murder somebody

crime

car theft

drug pushing! dealing

person

a car thief

a drug pusher! dealer

a terrorist

a shoplifter

verb

to steal a car

to sell drugs

(steal/stole/stolen)

(sell/sold/sold)

to attack somebody or a place

to steal things from a shop

verb

to break into a houselflat

to mug somebody

(break/broke/broken) ,

j~@ shoplifting

There was a burglary at the school last night. John West murdered his wife. There are a lot of muggings in the city centre. A robber robs a person or a place. That bank was robbed yesterday. My sister was robbed in the city centre. A thief steals something (steal/stole/stolen). Somebody stole my bicycle. [NOT Somebody robbed my bicycle.] I was robbed in the city centre yesterday. [NOT I was -stelen.]

The law A student was arrested for shoplifting this morning. The police came to the school and spoke to his teacher. The student has to go to court next week. 1if... If he is guilty he will have to pay a fine. ~ If he is innocent he can go home. I don't think he will go to prison.

Other crime problems Some vandals broke the windows in the telephone box. (A vandal breaks and smashes things.) We have a lot of vandalism in my town. A lot of young people take drugs nowadays. Is football hooliganism a problem in your country? (A football hooligan is a person who goes to a football match and makes trouble.) I 18

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 57.1

What do we call ... ? 1 2 3 4 5 6

57.2

a a a a a a

person person person person person person

who who who who who who

steals cars? a c.-al'" thief kills someone? steals things from shops? robs people's houses and flats? attacks someone in the street and steals their money? sells dangerous drugs?

Fill the gaps in these sentences. There were a lot of football h9Qlic¥IlS near the stadium. The police officer a her for shoplifting. Some v.... . destroyed all the flowers in the park. He had to pay a f .. of £50 for parking his car in the wrong place. There are a lot of b .. in this part of the city, so always close the windows. The police made a mistake; she was i.. . She did not steal the money. People who t...... . ... drugs often do other crimes too. A group of t... ... have attacked the airport. 9 He murdered his wife. He was in p for 20 years.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

57.]

What do you think should happen to these people? Choose from the list a - i on the right. H you do not like the list, what do you think should happen to them? 1 A man murdered his wife and three children. 2 A student with no money stole a book from a bookshop. 3 A woman sold some drugs to a teenager. 4 Some terrorists attacked a bus and killed 5 people. 5 A woman parked her car and blocked the traffic. 6 A teenager broke some trees in the park. 7 A man who drank too much alcohol drove his car and crashed.

a b c d e f g h

fine of £100 30 years in prison six months in prison death five years in prison in prison for life a fine of £50 must work in a hospital for six months must not drive a car for a year

57.4

What do you think? Put all the crimes on the opposite page in a list, from least serious to most serious.

57.5

Choose five or six words opposite and use them to make your own sentences.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

119

The media Radio and TV programmes The news is on TV at 6 o'clock every night. (= important things that happen) [NOT The news -fH'â&#x201A;Ź- on TV.] Do you watch soaps / soap operas? Home and Away is my favourite. (Soap operas are stories about people's lives. They are often on TV every day.) I like nature programmes best. (= programmes about animals, birds, etc.) I watched a documentary last night about drugs and young people. (= programme looking at a social problem or question) In talk shows, people talk about very personal and private things in their lives. The children watch cartoons on Saturday mornings. (For example, Disney films with animals that talk.) (See Unit 55.) I always watch sport programmes and films.

Newspapers and magazines In most countries there are morning newspapers and evening newspapers. Every month, I buy a magazine. My mother buys women's magazines. I like news magazines like Newsweek and Time. My little brother buys comics. Other types of magazines: sports magazines / computer magazines / teenage magazines (See Unit 56.) Fii",

/,4~

Media and technology Do you have satellite TV? How many channels do you have? We have 25. You can read some newspapers on the Internet.

People and the media There was an interview with the US President on TV last night. The reporters are outside Zelda Glitzberg's house. (= People who go out and get the news stories where they happen.) My sister is a journalist; she writes for The Oxford Times newspaper. (= Person who writes articles.) "0 TV';;ews

120

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 58. I

Fill the gaps in these sentences. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

58.2.

Match the left-hand column with the right-hand column. Draw lines. 1 2 3 4 5

58.l

The news ....15....... on Channel 3 at nine o'clock every night. Ten million people watch this. every week. It's very popular. There was a about traffic problems in cities on TV last night. . programme about birds in Antarctica. I saw a My sister is 13; she reads ..... ... magazines every week. She likes the love stories. With my computer I can get the sports news on the. Most young children don't read newspapers, they prefer.

Talking about family problems Film of elephants in Africa Football cup final Reports from all over the world Maria decides not to marry Philip

articles about health pictures of pop music stars news about the Internet interviews with politicians

a a a a a

person who goes out and gets stories for newspapers? A; Y"e-porl-e-Y" person who writes articles in newspapers and magazines? newspaper you can buy every day after about 5 p.m.? magazine that children read, with cartoon pictures? programme on TV about animals, birds, etc?

Answer these questions for yourself. 1 2 3 4 5

58.6

a b c d

What do you call ... 1 2 3 4 5

58.5

International news Sports programme Soap opera Nature programme Talk show

What can we find in these magazines? Match the left-hand column with the right-hand column. Draw lines.

1 a computer magazine 2 a women's magazine 3 a news magazine 4 a teenage magazine

58.4

a b c d e

Do you read a morning or an evening newspaper? How many TV channels do you have? Is satellite TV popular in your country? How many hours of TV do you watch every day? What are your favourite kinds of TV programmes?

Write a paragraph about the media in your country. Use words from the opposite page.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

121

Everyday problems At home

The TV isn't working. Can you repair it?

The washing machine is broken.

We need to mend it.

The plants are dying. .. Did you forget to water them? "

The room is untidy. We must tidy it.

I've lost my keys. Will you help me look for them? You've cut your finger. You should put on a plaster.

You've had a row

~â&#x20AC;˘.

"'.

with a friend. Will you apologise? (= say 'I'm sorry'.)

At work Carla had a bad day at work yesterday. She was late for work.

She had too much work to do.

Her colleague was in a bad mood.

Her computer crashed.

The coffee machine wasn't working.

Tip: When you need to make a list of things to do, make it in English, e.g. Me.rtd ,.,,~ Dike. Wate.1'" the. plarttl; Tid~ ,.,,~ d~/c.

122

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 59.1

Look at the pictures. What is the problem? 1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8

59.2

Sam .Th~ .. t;-:()ff~ .. m~~hi~.~ .. .i.~I:t/t.w.Qrl.:;.i~ Sarah .. Maria .. Tommy... Tina . Ross... .. Delia . Kim .

a TV that doesn't work dying plants a cut finger being late for work a colleague in a bad mood a photocopier that is out-of-order a coffee machine that isn't working

. .

4 late for 5 a 6 too much

that isn't working .

8 9 10 11 12 13

a broken washing machine an untidy bedroom a row with a friend a computer crash lost keys too much work

Look at Carla's problems in B. What could she do?

She- waC; late- foY" worl::. -

59.5

.. .

Put the problems in two groups, serious or not serious. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

59.4

.. .. ..

Write down three nouns that can go with these words: 1 broken .. w.!I:tPl1w/~\lp/~~s.~............ 2 cut 3 untidy.....

59.3

a tte-w a/aY"M vloe..#:::..

Can you think of three everyday problems that you, or people you know, have had recently? Write them down in English. Use a dictionary if you need one. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

123

Global problems Natural disasters There was a hurricane / snowstorm / forest fire there last year. hurricane = when there is a very strong wind snowstorm = when there is a lot of snow and wind at the same time forest fire = when it is very dry and trees catch fire

San Francisco has had a lot of earthquakes. (= when the earth moves) The river often floods after heavy rain. (= when there is too much water)

Man-made problems There are too many people in some places. Cities are too crowded. Many people are: poor = they do not have enough money hungry = they do not have enough food homeless = they do not have a place to live unemployed = they do not have a job There is a lot of pollution in many cities. (= when the air, water or earth is dirty and bad for people, plants and animals) The air pollution is very bad today. The river is polluted and a lot of fish have died. The American War of Independence lasted eight years. (= fighting between two or more countries or nationalities) The traffic jams in the city are terrible in the rush hour. (= times when everyone is going to work) He had a car crash on the way to work. There's a teachers' strike today. (= when they will not work) The bus drivers are on strike.

124

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Exercises 60.1

What problems can you see in the pictures?

60.2

Write down the natural disasters in A and the names of places they have happened.

hwr-;c.-ane. - Aor-ida

60.3

Write down all the problems in B that you have in your country and the places where you have them.

poor- pe.ople. - ~Mall v'illa<짜,~

60.4

Put all the words on the opposite page into groups in any way that seems appropriate to you. You may use as many groups as you wish.

hwr-;c.-ane.,

60. S

~now~to.,.,.",

flood -

pr-oble.M~ be.c.-av~e.

of the. we.athe.r-

Fill the gaps with a word from the opposite page. 1 2 3 4 S 6

Cars make air .... p.qllvti/m....... worse in towns. Their wages were very low so the workers went on . My great-grandfather died in the First World.......... . Jack had a..... . last year but fortunately no-one was hurt. Japan often has and Siberia often has . When people are , they sometimes have to sleep on the streets.

Tip: Try to listen to or watch the news in English every day. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

125

Answer key Unit I I â&#x20AC;˘I

and 1.2

Check your work with a teacher if you are not sure about your answers.

1.1

noun

verb

adjective

book house word man

speak have write say

good new right blue

I .4

Possible answers: to, for, with, below

1.5

2 3 4 S 6

question phrase sentence question sentence

1.6

1 2 3 4 S 6

books man No, it's No, it's No, it's No, it's

I .7

a preposition. a noun. a sentence. an adjective. The adverb is badly.

Possible answers: 2 black, green, blue, red 3 speak, English 4 It depends where you live. S make a mistake; do homework; have a shower

Unit 2 2. I

Possible answers: have a party, a shower, lunch, a lesson, a cup of tea, a meeting, etc.

2.2 dry wet warm cool ramy

126

weather

name of family

words in family

education

school

weather

ram

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

teacher sun

cloud

exam snow

student ICe

2.4

Possible pictures:

2.5

a plane lands

2 sunny weather

3 under the table

Possible words:

Unit 3 3.1

3.2

Possible answers: 1 coffee / tea / juice ... toast / bread / fruit / an egg 6 2 an appointment 7 3 tennis / squash / rugby / darts / football / 8 chess / cards 9 4 party 10 5 shower / bath / wash Possible answers: 1 I've got one brother and two sisters. 2 I have them at 9.30 every day. 3 I have a sandwich and a cup of tea. 4 No, I have to go on Wednesday and Friday.

exam meeting coffee / cup of tea / drink / sandwich sWIm dinner / supper / a meal/something to eat

5 I've got two. 6 Yes, I always have a party. 7 I usually have pasta or fish.

3.3

Across 1 meal 3 party 5 game

3.4

Possible answers: 1 Why don't you have a drink / some water / a cup of tea? 2 Bye! Have a good time! or Have a good journey! 3 Oh! have you got a cold? 4 Is that new? Can I have a look?

Down 2 exam 4 tea

Unit 4 4. 1

2 3 4 5

Soraya and Mehmet are going shopping. Imran is going to Cairo. The Patels are going to the beach. Natasha is going fishing.

4.2

2 3 4 5

We're going sightseeing today. Jo went up to the top of the hill. or Jo went down to the bottom of the hill. Let's go fishing today. She went out of the shop.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

127

4.3

Possible answers: I sometimes go swimming. I sometimes go dancing. I always go sightseeing.

I never go skiing. I never go fishing.

4.4

2 3 4 5

4.5

Possible answers: From Cambridge, trains go to London, Norwich, Ely and Peterborough. Buses go to Oxford, to Heathrow and to Scotland from Cambridge. From Cambridge roads go to London, to the sea and to Huntingdon. -

On On On On

Tuesday Alison is going to write to Juan. Wednesday she is going to watch the World Cup on TV. Thursday she is going to have a tennis lesson. Friday Alison is going to go to the cinema.

Unit 5 5. 1

2 What is the woman doing? She's reading a book. 3 4 5 6

What What What What

are the girls doing? They are playing tennis. is the man in the house doing? He's washing-up. / He's doing the washing-up. is the dog doing? It's sleeping. is the man in the garden doing? He's gardening. / He's doing the gardening.

5.2

2 What does Lara Brown do? She's a secretary. 3 What does Sophie Hicks do? She's a doctor. 4 What do Ted and Joe do? They're students.

5.3

2 What did Lara Brown do? She went to a meeting. 3 What did Sophie Hicks do? She talked to five patients. 4 What did Ted and Jo do? They wrote an essay.

5.4

Possible answers: I usually do the washing-up. My husband usually does the washing. My son has to do his homework every day. My husband does his exercises every morning. He does business with Eastern Europe. I hate doing the housework. I love doing the gardening. I always do my best.

5.5

ANNA: PAVEL: ANNA: PAVEL:

Where did you go on your holidays? To London? No, we didn't go to London this year. We went to Scotland. Does your grandmother live in Scotland? No, she doesn't but my uncle does.

Unit 6

128

6.1

1 make 2 do

6.2

1 made/makes me (feel) sad. 2 make me (feel) tired. 3 made me (feel) angry.

3 do 4 doltake; doltake

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

5 make

6.3

6.4

1 He's making a photocopy. 2 She's making tea.

3 The children are making a noise. 4 They're making a video / a film.

1 Can I take a photo of you? 2 3 4 5 6

He's 25 but he never does his own washing. He takes his dirty clothes to his mother's. What do you think, yes or no? We must make a decision today. I have to make an appointment with the doctor. Do you have her phone number? I make mistakes when I speak English. Are you doing/taking an exam tomorrow?

Unit 7 7.1

2 back home 3 into

7.2

Possible answers: 1 I usually come home at five-thirty. 2 I'm from / I come from Scotlandl]amaicalPakistan/Latvia/Bolivia, etc. 3 I sit down and talk to my friends / take out my books.

7.3

1 Come in! 2 Come here, please! 3 We're going to a party. Do you want to come along?

7.4

1 come

7.5

Possible meanings and sentences: 1 come round can mean 'come to someone's house/flat'. Do you want to come round this afternoon for a coffee? 2 come across can mean 'meetlfind for the first time'. I come across lots of new words when I read English books. 3 come up can mean 'be mentioned / occur in conversation'. When new words come up in class, the teacher tells us the meaning.

4 from 5 see

2 came

6 out of / back from

3 comes

4 Are ... coming

Unit 8 8. 1

Possible answers: 1 It takes me 10 minutes to get to university. 2 It takes me an hour to go from Cambridge to London. 3 It takes me an hour to do one unit of this book.

8.2

1 2 3 4

8.3

1 She takes the train. 2 You can / could / have to / should take a taxi.

8.4

1 a camera 2 an umbrella

8.5

For some people, it takes them about an hour.

take an exam. took some lessons. / took a course. take a course? / take some lessons? take your driving test. 3 He takes the bus. 4 They take the Underground.

3 my passport 4 my books and pens/pencils

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

129

Unit 9 9.1

2 bring 3 bring

9.2

1 take; bring ... back

9.3

6 bring

2 brought ... back

3 take; bring ... back

1 Yesterday he brought me some flowers. 2 3 4 5

9.4

4 Take 5 take

You must take your passport when you travel. Come to my house and bring your guitar. Go to the secretary and take these papers, please. Everybody is going to bring food to the party.

1 brought

2 brought

3 took

4 taken ... bring

Unit 10 10.1

Possible answers: 1 tired 2 sick

3 hot

10.2

2 it gets light. 3 's getting better.

4 'm getting wet! 5 'm getting cold.

10.3

2 a doctor 3 a glass 4 a pen/pencil and paper

10.4

1 gets to

10.5

Possible answers: 1 In Britain, people get married mostly when they are 20 to 30 years old. 2 People usually get married at the weekend, mostly on Saturday. April, May and June are very popular months (spring and summer). 3 I get home at about 5 o'clock. I get there by car. 4 get

2 gets to

5 a newspaper 6 a taxi / a bus / a train 7 ajob 3 can I get to

Unit II

130

I 1.1

1 c

I 1.2

1 on 2 off

11.3

2 Someone is doing up a shoe. 3 A plane is taking off. 4 Someone is turning on the oven.

2 d

3 g

3 on; up 4 off

4 f

5 b

5 off 6 on with

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

6 h 7 on 8 on

7 e

8 a

I 1.4

Possible answers: There are lots of different ways to answer this question. This is one way.

Words connected with dressing and daily routine do up (e.g. coat) put something on take off (e.g. shoes) get up Words connected with movement come on take off (aeroplane) Words connected with equipment turn up turn down (stereo) turn on turn off go off Words connected with people or things doing well or getting better get on get over Words connected with people speaking turn down (an offer) go on

I 1.5

1 took off 2 took off

3 went on 4 got over

Unit 12 12. I

Possible answers: 1 I usually wake up at seven o'clock. 2 I go to the bathroom and have a shower. 3 I usually have tea and toast for breakfast. 4 I go to work by car. S I 路usually have a cup of tea/coffee at eleven o'clock.

12.2

2 3 4 S

12.1

She washes her clothes every Saturday. He cleans the house every weekend. He watches TV (or television) every evening. She goes for a walk every Sunday.

Possible questions: 2 How often do you go for a walk? 3 How do you go to work? 4 When do you have dinner?

Unit 13 11.1

2 told 3 said

4 tell; said S said

6 said

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

131

I 3.2

1 2 3 4 5 6

I 3.3

Possible answers: 1 Say Happy New Year 2 Answer the door 3 Ask for the bill

Can you tell me where the railway station is? How do you say 'tree' in German? Excuse me, can you tell me the time? I just want to say goodbye (to you). Can you tell me when the exam is? Can you answer the phone, please?

5 Tell a joke 6 Talk to a friend 7 Ask someone to help you

4 Reply to a letter

We can also say 'answer a letter', but not 'reply to the door'!

13.4

1 Ask for the bill in Spanish. 2 Ask how much something is in Malay. 3 Say Merry Christmas in Swedish. 4 Say good morning in Japanese. 5 Say thank you in Arabic.

Unit 14 14.'

2 danced 3 SWIms

4 run 5 climbing

6 fell 7 jumped; swam

8 walk

14.2

1 ride 2 drives

3 takes 4 drives

5 take; go by

7 ride 8 take

6 ride

Note you can also use go by with all these forms of transport (but without 'the' or 'a') i.e. you can go to work by bicycle, go home by underground/taxi, etc.

14.3

Possible answers: 2 I ride my bike once a week. 3 I swim in the sea once a year. I swim in a pool once a week. 4 I never jog.

14.4

Possible answers: Please pass the salt. Please pass the pepper. Please pass the bread.

14.5

5 I drive my car every day. 6 I go dancing once a month. 7 I go climbing once a year.

Please pass the water. Please pass the salad. Please pass the sauce.

2 Maria drove her grandmother to the city yesterday. 3 Bill caught the 9.45 train to London yesterday. 4 I took a taxi home from the station yesterday. 5 Jane fell when she rode her bike yesterday.

Unit 15 15.1

132

1 because

3 before

2 and

4 so

5 although 6 if

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

I 5.2.

Possible sentences: agreed to marry Paul after they decided to set up a business together. will marry Paul althoughlthough she doesn't love him. agreed to marry Paul and they had two sons. agreed to marry Paul because he was a pop star. will marry Paul before he moves to London. will marry Paul but she doesn't love him. agreed to marry Paul if he moved to London. agreed to marry Pa ul so he moved to London. will marry Paul when he moves to London.

Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary Mary I 5.3

Check with a teacher or a dictionary if you are not sure if your answers are correct or not.

15.4

1 as well / too / also 2 Even

I 5.5

3 like 4 Only

5 than

Possible answers: I only play tennis in the summer. It is too cold to swim here even in summer.

She plays the piano better than I do. He swims like a fish. I like listening to music and I like reading also. I like going skiing too. I often go skiing with the children and sometimes my husband comes as well.

I S.G

Possible answers: 1 I enjoy it. 2 I do all the exercises in this book. 3 I am also studying Spanish. 4 it is very difficult.

5 I was fifteen. 6 I can manage in British hotels. 7 not this year.

Unit 16 I G.I

1 an hour

1G. 3

Thirty days has September, April, june and November. All the rest have thirty one. Except for February dear Which has twenty eight days clear And twenty nine in each leap year. (= every four years)

2 a century

3 a week

4 a year

This is a traditional rhyme which people use to help them remember the number of days of the month. It means that: September, April, june and November have 30 days. The other months have 31 days except for February which has 28 days and 29 days in a leap year.

IG.4

I G.5

1 Monday 2 August 3 October 4 Saturday

5 Wednesday 6 january 7 April 8 Thursday

9 February 10 September 11 Tuesday 12 November

1 T F S (first letters of the days of the week) 2 A SON D (first letters of the months) 3 A W (first letters of the four seasons) English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

133

16.6

I'm going to a party on Saturday for Jill's birthday. Her birthday is on Ihursday but she wanted to have the party on a ~eekend. She's having a barbecue. I think June is a good month to have a birthday because of the weather. I love going to barbecues in the summer. My birthday is in the ~inter and it's too cold to eat outside.

16.7

Possible answers: It is only possible here to give answers to some of these questions. Check with your teacher if

you are not sure if your answers to any of the other questions are correct or not. 1 900 6 Thirty 2 Tuesday or Wednesday 9 July

Unit 17 17.1

1 In

17.2

the 19th century the 18th century

the past

the 20th century , -

the present

the 21 st century "-j the 22nd century f

the future

2 for

3 from

4 to

5 At

6 for

,,- If you are using this book after the year 2000, then the twentieth century is the past and not the present and the twenty first century is the present and not the future. 17.]

1 Probably tomorrow.

I 7.4

Possible answers: 2 I sometimes go to school by bus. I normally go by car. 3 I never play football. 4 I often watch TV. 5 I occasionally drink milk. I usually drink coffee. 6 I never wear a hat. 7 I often eat chocolate. 8 I sometimes go to bed at 10. I usually go to bed at II. 9 I sometimes go to the theatre.

17.5

John plays tennis twice a week. He practises the piano once a week and he has a business meeting in Germany once a month.

2 Probably a week ago.

3 In a few minutes.

Sally and Amy play tennis three times a week. They practise the piano twice a day. They go to Germany for a business meeting six times a year. or They have a business meeting in Germany six times a year.

17.6

Possible answer: I usually get up early. I always have a cup of coffee when I wake up. I often work at home but sometimes I go to a school to teach. I never drive. Sometimes I walk to school and sometimes I go by bus. Now and then I have lunch in a park near school; but I hardly ever have a hot lunch. I normally eat a sandwich and occasionally I have an apple as well. Once a week I visit a friend and we go to the cinema together or have a meal in a restaurant.

Unit 18 18.1 18.2 134

1 here

2 here

back from Paris

3 there 2 everywhere

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

4 there

18.3

~;::.:

The top of the tree

The bottom of the tree - - - - -

The front of the bus

18.4

Possible answers: 1 When I studied English, I studied at home, in Britain. 2 Yes, I'm going to Dublin and to the USA. 3 At the moment I have a pen in my right hand. 4 The answer key. S The unit on Have is at the beginning of this book (Unit 3). Note at. 6 The unit on Feelings is in the middle of this book (Unit 34). Note in.

18.S

1 abroad

2 out

3 away

4 fast [NOT S quietly

4 away; abroad

Unit 19 19.1

2 badly 3 loudly

I 9.2

Possible answers: 1 Usually, a quiet person is better. 2 Most people like a fast bus. 3 A friendly person!

19.3

i (b

b g

d) h

6 well

4 A right answer is best in class! S To speak politely - always. 6 Usually it's better to speak in a normal way.

19.4

word

definition

suddenly

very slowly

sadly

in an unhappy way

strangely

not in a normal way

quickly

very slowly

easily

with no difficulty

right (...... )

wrong (K) K

Suddenly means very quickly, when you are not expecting it. Quickly is similar to 'fast' when fast is an adverb, not when it is an adjective.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

135

Unit 20 20.2

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

20.3

1 woke/got 2 ate 3 drank

4 drove 5 read 6 wrote

7 ran 8 bought 9 sat

20.4

1 swum 2 stolen

3 spent 4 become

5 caught 6 hurt; broken

20.5

Possible sentences:

give, gave, given; take, took, taken come, came, come; go, went, gone make, made, made; break, broke, broken walk, walked, walked; run, ran, run wake, woke, woken; sleep, slept, slept remember, remembered, remembered; forget, forgot, forgotten rise, rose, risen; fall, fell, fell win, won, won; lose, lost, lost buy, bought, bought; sell, sold, sold 10 made 11 left 12 met

13 went 14 slept

Bill brought me a present from the USA. I chose a strawberry ice-cream. Snow fell all day yesterday. I felt very cold last night. We flew to Paris last summer. My little brother kept a pet mouse in his bedroom. Jack paid for our meal. Mary spoke good Spanish. My brother taught me to play football. I told him to help you. I thought you were at home. Manchester United won the game.

Unit 21 11.1

1 money 2 milk; butter

21.2

1 heavy luggage 2 useful information

3 advice 4 air

5 work 6 traffic 5 brown bread 6 cold water 7 space travel

3 bad news 4 modern furniture

136

11.3

brown sugar; heavy traffic; good advice; expensive accommodation; fresh air; hard work; brown rice; delicious spaghetti; unsalted butter; cold milk; Indian tea; Colombian coffee

2 I .4

1 is/was 2 is/was

3 is/was 4 IS; was

5 is/was 6 is/was

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

11.5

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Where can I get some information about your country? Let me give you some advice. Cook this spaghetti for ten minutes. Can I have some bread, please? Mary is looking for a new jQQ. We should buy some new furniture. The east of the country usually has better weather than the west. We went on two long journeys last year. I must find some new accommodation soon.

Unit 22 11.1

Possible answers: 1 terrible/horrible/awful/bad 2 terrible/awful 3 excellent/great/wonderful

4 awful/horrible 5 wonderful/lovely 6 bad

11.1

Possible answers: 1 Yes, it's very nice. / Yes it's lovely. 2 Oh, how awful! 3 That's an excellent idea. or Yes, great! 4 Yes, there's the Ritz. It's the best restaurant in town. 5 ShelHe's a wonderful person! (We hope you can say this!)

11.3

1 c

11.4

11.5

2 e

3 f

4 a

5 b

good (+)

bad (-)

gorgeous marvellous fine superb brilliant

dreadful ghastly horrendous

gorgeous boy/girl marvellous weatherlfood fine weather/day superb idea/view

6 d

ghastly man/restuarant horrendous traffic/person

Unit 23 13.1

A: B:

13.1

Mary's very nice. She's more than nice, she's wonderful/lovely! Was George not very nice to you? He was really horrible! Let me carry your bag. Thanks, that's (very) kind of you. Is your little brother well-behaved? No, he's (very) naughty.

1 stupid 2 wonderful

3 lovely 4 difficult

5 mce 6 easy-gomg

7 horrible

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

137

13.3

Most people probably think they are most of these things at some time, or at least the positive ones!

13.4

2 of

3 to

4 of

Unit 24 14.1

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

14.1

Possible answers: 2 after people. 3 for them. 4 forward to it. 5 at me

John is waiting for a train to London. This bicycle belongs to the hotel. The children thanked their grandmother for the money. Sally is listening to her walkman. He apologised for his mistake. Let me pay for our tickets. Billy is thinking about the holidays.

6 for a new one. 7 forward to it. S after the children

14.3

1 to

14.4

3 Hiroshi wasn't used to eating British food. 4 He was used to traffic jams.

14.5

Possible answers: 1 I was good at languages and bad at physical education. 2 I usually ask for a black coffee. 3 I am proud of my family. 4 I am afraid of going to the dentist. 5 I like listening to folk music. 6 I am looking forward to my holiday. 7 I belong to a teachers' club. S I am used to eating lots of different kinds of food.

2 at

3 to

4 in

5 to

6 of 5 He was used to expensive shops. 6 He wasn't used to British money.

Unit 25 15.1

15.1

2 rewrite (or redo) 3 informal 4 unhappy

5 half-price 6 unsafe

Possible answers: He and his two ex-wives are all good friends. An ex-president is giving a lecture here tomorrow. It is impossible to read his handwriting. Pre-school children learn by playing. This work is not very good. Please redo it.

15.3

138

2 3 4 5 6

nerves before an exam a wrong answer, an answer that is not correct a book that has not been read to tell a story again a brother with one parent the same (for example, perhaps with the same mother but not the same father)

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

7 8 9 10

25.4

25.5

a letter that is not finished a drink with no alcohol in it (for example, fruit juice, cola) to read a book for a second time to send a letter to a new address (to forward a letter)

Possible answers: non: a non-stick pan in: an incomplete answer im: an impolite question

pre: a pre-lunch drink re: to repaint a room un: an unanswered question

possible answer: This paragraph is a rather silly story but it uses most of the words in the table. He is a very unhappy ex-president. He never sees his ex-wife or his pre-school grandchildren. He lives in a house which is a half-hour bus ride from the city centre in an unsafe area. It is very crowded there and it is impossible for non-residents to park there. He is rewriting his autobiography for the third time in a very informal style. I don't know why he redoes it so often. He is sure that the book will only sell if it is sold at half-price.

25.6

2 uncomfortable 3 unsafe

4 informal 5 non-smoking

6 unhappy 7 impolite

8 incorrect

Unit 26 26.1

2 happily

26.2

Possible answers: You may be able to think of some other possible combinations. 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

3 instructor

4 word processor

5 sWimmer

6 useful

fast worker/car/swimmer beautiful picture/beach/booklweather/smile sandy beach sunny weather/smile hard worker useful idea/book/car endless beachlfun useless idea/book (Note that you can also say I'm a useless swimmer. It is quite colloquial and means I am no good at swimming.)

26.3

1 politics

26.4

Check with a teacher if you are not sure if your answers are right or not.

26.5

2 a person who travels 3 the opposite of fast 4 with lots of hope 5 weather when it is raining 6 it doesn't hurt

2 sociology

3 economics

4 psychology

7 the opposite of doing something well 8 a thing for opening tins 9 the study of maths 10 a person who plays football

Unit 27 27.â&#x20AC;˘

2 lose 3 felt

4 cooker

5 fell

6 quite 7 loose

8 cook

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

139

27.2

yes (./)

word

sounds like?

yes (./)

lose

juice

shoes

loose

juice

shoes

quite

right

higher

quiet

right

higher

27.1

2 3 4 5 6 7

27.4

Possible answers: 1 I am expecting my brother at 5.30. (= He said he would come at 5.30) 2 I hope to learn a lot of new words. (= I really want to learn new words) 3 Sometimes I borrow books and tapes. 4 Yes, but only to my best friend!

He/She checks it. Can I borrow YOJlr camera? Good afternoon. They wait for the bus. Can you lend me ÂŁ1 for the phone? Please be quiet.

Unit 28

140

28. I

Possible answers: My mother was born in Hull on June 19 1907. My father was born in South Africa on June 4 1909. My brother was born in London on June 6 1940. My husband was born in Russia on February 6 1946. My son was born in Cambridge on October 16 1988.

28.2

2 3 4 5

28.1

1 died 2 death

28.4

2 3 4 5

28.5

1 In 2 to

Elvis Presley was born in 1935 and died in 1977. Genghis Khan was born in 1162 and died in 1227. Leonardo da Vinci was born in 1452 and died in 1519. George Washington was born in 1732 and died in 1799. 3 dead 4 died

(bride)groom single to weigh divorced 3 of 4 on

5 dead

6 a funeral 7 a honeymoon 8 widowed

5 born 6 after

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

28.6

Possible answer: I have two brothers and two sisters. My sisters are both married. One sister got married this year. She had a very big wedding and was a beautiful bride. They went to Italy on their honeymoon. The other sister got married four years ago. She has two children. The boy was born two years ago and the girl was born last year. One of my brothers is divorced and one is single. My father died two years ago. My mother is widowed.

Unit 29 29.1

2 3 4 5

29.2

Possible family tree:

brother aunt uncle grandmother

6 7 8 9

William

Elizabeth + Mark I

I Charles + Frances

10 wife 11 cousm

grandfather nephew lllece mother

Tom + Sarah

Peter

Henry

Anne + Tony

Joanna

Zoe

I am Tony. Anne is my wife. Peter and Zoe are our children. Peter is our son and Zoe is our daughter. Barbara is our niece. William, Henry and Ian are our nephews.

29.3

1 uncle 2 aunt

29.4

Possible 1 Chen 2 Chen 3 Chen 4 Chen

3 brother 4 father

answers: has / has has / has has / has has / has

got got got got

5 grandsons 6 cousms

7 grandmother 8 daughter

one brother and one sister. two cousins. two nephews but I haven't got any nieces. only one grandmother now.

Unit 30 30.1

2 nose 3 heart

30.2

2 toes

30.3

1 a back b arms c legs 2 The eye is the hole in the needle. 3 The face is the front of the clock (with the numbers on it). The big hand shows the minutes and the little hand shows the hours. 4 The neck is the narrow part at the top of the bottle. 5 The foot of the mountain is the bottom of the mountain (the lowest part).

30.4

2 football 3 lipstick 4 hairbrush

30.5

If you find you learnt the words with the pictures particularly well, then try, whenever possible, to draw a picture beside words you want to learn.

4 stomach 5 shoulder 3 teeth

6 ear 7 tooth 4 nose

5 heart

6 ears

7 knee

8 blood

5 headscarf 6 handbag

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

141

Unit 31 3 1.1

All the words fit into both columns except for tie - men; skirt, dress, handbag - women.

31.2

1 foot - shoe 2 finger - ring 3 legs - tights 4 eyes - glasses

5 6 7 8

31.3

1 IS 2 is wearing

31.4

1 sunglasses 2 Jersey 3 watch 4 skirt 5 brief-case

6 7 8 9 10

3 I .5

Possible answer: I am wearing a blue T-shirt and black trousers. I have got white shoes on. I'm wearing a watch, three rings and a pair of glasses.

waist - belt head - hat neck - scarf hand - glove

3 has; is carrying IS; are

5 were; are 6 Is

hat shirt coat umbrella boots

Unit 32

142

32.1

2 tall 4 fair 3 slim/thin 5 young

32.2

Possible questions: 2 Is Elena's hair blondelfair? Has Elena got blondelfair hair? Does Elena have blondelfair hair? 3 Is Mike's hair long? Does Mike have long hair? Has Mike got long hair? 4 Are your parents old? (or more polite: Are your parents elderly?) 5 Is his sister pretty/beautiful? 6 Why is Sara so thin? Why does Sara look so thin? Sara looks very thin, doesn't she?

32.3

Possible answers: 1 Suzanna's got long blonde hair and fair skin. 2 Jeff has short fair hair and a beard. 3 Caroline's got dark skin and dark hair. 4 Dick's hair is long and he has a moustache.

32.4

Possible answers: Joanna: Joanna is tall. She has long black hair and brown eyes. She's very pretty. Kevin: Kevin is medium height. He has fair hair and a beard. His eyes are blue. He's quite ordinary-looking. My mother: My mother is short, with grey hair. She has green eyes. She is a beautiful woman.

6 fat/overweight 7 elderly

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Unit 33 33. 1

Possible answers: not serious

more serIOus

very serious

a headache a cold toothache

hay-fever asthma

cancer cholera a heart attack

33.2

1 I'm very well/ I'm fine, thanks. 2 I feel sick. (or perhaps I don't feel very well. or I feel ill.) 3 feel ill.

33.3

Possible answers: 1 A lot of fruit and vegetables, not so many sweet things. 2 I like/love swimming/cycling/playing golflskiing/jogging/playing tennis, etc. 3 Sometimes I have a lot of stress at work / when I have exams. 4 Yes, I had an operation once / I broke my leg, etc. ('Be in hospital' means you are ill, you are a patient. 'Be in a hospital' can just mean you are visiting someone.)

33.4

2 cholera 3 asthma

4 I've got toothache. 5 a cold?

4 hay-fever 5 cancer / heart attacks (or heart disease)

Unit 34 34.1

Possible answers: 1 I love chocolate. 2 I hate cowboy films. 3 I like aeroplanes. 4 I like tea.

5 6 7 8

I I I I

don't like football. love cats. like cars. don't like jazz music.

34.2

Possible answers: 2 I prefer cats to dogs. 3 I prefer sightseeing to sunbathing. 4 I prefer BMWs to Rolls Royces. 5 I prefer strawberry to chocolate ice-cream. 6 I prefer watching sport to doing sport.

34.3

Possible answers: 2 I hope (that) the lesson ends soon. 3 I want some food. 4 I hope (that) my friend feels better soon. 5 I want to go to bed. 6 I want to cry. 7 I hope (that) it gets warmer soon.

34.4

2 Fred is thirsty. 3 The children are happy. 4 William is cold.

34.5

5 Mrs Jones is tired. 6 Mr Jones is angry. 7 Fiona is surprised.

Possible answers: 2 I felt surprised yesterday when an old friend rang me. 3 I felt upset when my boss was rude to me. English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

143

Unit 35 35. I

1 Bless you! 2 Good luckl 3 Congratulations! / Well done! 4 Goodbye.

35.1

1 Excuse me! 2 Happy Christmas!

35.3

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 S

35.4

ANN: ANN: BILL:

ANN: BILL:

35.5

Happy Birthday! Fine thanks. Hello! / Hi! Thank you.

3 Sorry! 4 Congratulations!

Good morning. Good morning. How are you? Fine thanks. And you?" It's my birthday today. Happy Birthday.

ANN: BILL:

Would you lik~ a drink? Yes, please. A coke. With ice? No, thanks. Here you are. Cheers. Cheers!

You can say 'Terrible.' as Bill did, but usually we say 'Fine' even if we feel terrible.

Possible answer: A: Hello, good morning. B: Hi. How are you? A: Fine thanks. And you? B: Fine. A bit nervous. I'm taking my driving test today. A: Good luck. That's funny, I passed mine last week. B: Oh Congratulations! A: It's my birthday today. B: Is it? Happy Birthday. Why don't we go out for a drink this evening? A: OK. See you later. Goodbye.. B: Goodbye. See you soon.

Unit 36

144

5 Cheers! 6 Good morning!

Excuse me. Thank you. Cheers! Goodnight. Sleep well. Good morning. Good afternoon. Happy New Year! Sorry / Excuse me. I didn't understand. Happy Christmas!

BILL:

>,.

5 6 7 S

36. I

2 3 4 5 6 7 S 9

36.1

1 China 2 Sweden

The Sahara is in Africa. The Amazon is in South America. Wogga Wogga is in Australia. The Volga is in Europe. Mount Kilimanjaro is in Africa. The Mississippi is in North America. Mount Fuji is in Asia. Lake Titicaca is in South America.

.3 Thailand 4 Brazil

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

5 Spain 6 Russia

36.3

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

36.4

Check your answers with your teacher if you are not sure.

36.5

2 In 3 In 4 In 5 In

36.6

2 3 4 5

Rome is the capital of Italy. Canberra is the capital of Australia. Bogota is the capital of Colombia. Cairo is the capital of Egypt. Vienna is the capital of Austria. Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland. Ankara is the capital of Turkey. Buenos Aires is the capital of Argentina. Madrid is the capital of Spain.

Mexico, Spain and Chile they speak Spanish but in Brazil they speak Portuguese. Austria, Germany and Switzerland they speak German but in Italy they speak Italian. Morocco, Egypt and Saudi Arabia they speak Arabic but in China they speak Chinese. Switzerland, Canada and France they speak French but in Scotland they speak English.

Vietnamese Korean Thai Iraqi

6 7 8 9

10 11 12 13

German Egyptian Argentinian Dutch

14 15 16 17

Spanish Peruvian Chinese British

Greek Australian Polish Indian

Unit 37 4 e

37.1

1 d

37.2

Possible answer: most favourite = snow, sun, wind, rain, lightning, cloud, fog = least favourite

37.3

3 4 5 6 7

37.4

1 shone 2 rams

37.5

Possible answers: 1 It sometimes snows in December. 2 It is usually 20 degrees in summer and 0 (zero) degrees in winter. 3 There are sometimes thunderstorms in August. 4 It is not usually very wet in spring. 5 We almost never have hurricanes. 6 Summer is my favourite season because it is warm and dry.

37.6

Possible answer: Today it is sunny and warm. There are some clouds in the sky and a little wind. It is not raining and it is not snowing. There is no thunder or lightning - it is not hot enough.

It It It It It 8 It

2 c

is is is is is is

3 g

5 a

6 f

7 b

windy in La Paz. cloudy in Paris. foggy in Tashkent. sunny in Seoul. or The sun is shining in Seoul. windy in Warsaw. snowing in Washington.

3 weather 4 snows

5 lightning 6 degrees

7 storm 8 cold

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

145

Unit 38 38.1

2 At the tourist information office. 3 At the bank. 4 In/At the car park.

38.2

Possible questions: 2 Where's the town hall? 3 How do I get to the museum? 4 Is there a shopping centre? 5 Where can I park? 6 Where can I change money?

38.3

2 town hall 3 library

38.4

1 2 3 4

4 car park 5 railway station

5 At the museum. 6 At the post office.

6 pedestrian area 7 traffic warden

No parking (do not leave your car here) No entry (you must not drive in) Bus stop Information

Unit 39 39.1

1 mountains 2 forest 3 lake

4 hills

5 village 6 path

10 farm 11 country road

39.2

1 on

39.3

1 We went swimming in the lake. The water was warm. 2 We went walking along a 5-kilometre path. 3 We went skiing down the mountain. 4 We saw some wonderful wildlife in the national park. 5 We had a picnic sitting by the river.

39.4

Possible sentences: 1 There are some big forests and a lot of farms. 2 There are no hills or mountains. The countryside is flat. There are a lot of paths where you can walk. 3 There is one big river and some small rivers. The wildlife there is very beautiful. 4 There are a lot of villages and some small towns.

39.5

1 He loves nature. 2 She wants to live in the country. 3 They are interested in wildlife.

2 cottage

3 village

Unit 40 40. 1

146

7 wood 8 fields 9 flver

Possible answers: 2 giraffe 3 Parrots; budgies; hens 4 Tigers; lions 5 horse; elephant 6 Fish; birds 7 meat 8 Hens; cows (or pigs) English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

4 town

40.2

sheep - lamb - lamb cow - beef - calf hen - chicken - chick pig - pork - piglet

40.3

Possible answers: 1 Lions, tigers, monkeys, snakes, dogs and cats eat meat. 2 Cows, sheep, pigs, parrots (for feathers), snakes (for snakeskin). (You may think of some other things, e.g. horsehair for wigs for judges.) 3 Hen, tortoise, parrot, budgie, snake, fish.

40.4

Across 3 cats 6 lion 7 horse 8 elephant

40.5

Write down the number you remembered. Try again tomorrow and write down how many you remember then.

Down 1 parrot 2 monkey 4 two sheep 5 tiger 9 hen

Unit 41 41.1

1 e

41.2

1 2 3 4 5 6

41.3

2 d

3 a

4 f

5 c

6 g

A single takes you to a place and a return takes you to that place and back again. He or she checks what people bring into a country. No, it lands at the end of a journey and takes off at the beginning of a journey. You can get on a plane or a boat. If you hire a car you have it for a day or a week. If you buy it it is your car. No, you want to go somewhere in their car.

Possible answer: At the airport, follow the signs to the railway station. Buy a ticket to Cambridge. There are trains every hour. At Cambridge station take a number 5 bus. The stop is just outside the station. Get off the bus at the hospital, cross the road and take the first road on the left. My house is on the corner of the street with a red door.

41.4

Keep the cards and test yourself every day. If you find this useful write cards for words from other units of the book.

41.5

Across 3 map 6 helicopter 7 bus 8 petrol

Down 1 timetable 2 taxi 3 motorcycle 4 platform 5 train

Unit 42 42.1

1 b

2 c

3 a

4 d

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

147

42.2

Possible answers: Entrance and Way In - cinema, museum, etc. Exit and Way Out - airport, cinema, etc. Push and Pull - on doors in public places e.g. shops, railway station, museum Please ring for attention - at a hotel reception Open and Closed - on the door of a shop or museum Sale - on a shop window Please pay here - in a shop Queue this side - at a cinema Please do not walk on the grass - in the garden of a palace, in some parks Out of order - on a public phone, on a drinks machine, etc. Toilets - in a restaurant WC - in a hotel Women and Men - in a cafe

42.3

2 No

42.4

3 No

5 b

6 Yes

Possible answers: Information Entrance and Way In Exit and Way Out Push and Pull Open and Closed Sale Out of order Toilets WC Women and Men

42.5

4 a

Instructions No smoking Please ring for attention Please pay here Queue this side Please do not walk on the grass

Possible answers: You might see signs in English at airports, railways stations, beside the road, in hotels. Some other common signs are: Stop No entry One way street No parking Admission free (= you don't need to pay to go in)

Unit 43 43.1

2 Fish ... chips 3 potatoes 4 pasta/pizzas

5 meat 6 a hot-dog

43.2

148

fruit

vegetables

pineapple grapes apple pear

beans omons carrot garlic ml}shrooms

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

43.3

1 banana

43.4

2 beer 3 milk

2 strawberry 4 coffee S fruit juice

3 peas

4 apple

S potatoes

6 tomatoes

6 mineral water

Unit 44 44.1

2 yes 3 yes 4 no, the freezer is colder than the fridge. S yes 6 no, a tea towel makes them dry.

44.2

Possible questions: 1 Where's the coffee? Where can I find the tea? 2 Where's the saucepan? Where's the frying pan? 3 Where shall I put this mug? 4 Can I help with the washing-up?

44.3

Possible answers: 2 tea, a cup, a teapot, a spoon, maybe milk and sugar. 3 a frying pan, oil, a cooker. 4 a plate, a knife and fork, or a spoon and fork, or chopsticks. S water and a glass or a cup or a mug. 6 a mICrowave.

44.4

1 a mICrowave 2 a saucepan

3 a frying pan and a glass 4 a teapot

Unit 45 45.1

1 bed 2 wardrobe 3 chest of drawers

45.2

Possible answers: toothpaste, brush, comb, pyjamas, soap.

45.3

2 3 4 S 6

45.4

Possible answer: bath, shower, toilet, basin, soap, shampoo, toothbrush, toothpaste, mirror, bathroom cupboard with medicines in it, shelf, plants.

45.5

Possible answer: In my bedroom there is a big bed. There are two wardrobes, one on the left and one on the right of the room. I have a bedside table with a lamp and an alarm clock on it. There is a cupboard beside the window. The cupboard has two shelves and five drawers in it.

4 bedside table S alarm clock 6 bedside lamp

7 brush 8 mirror 9 comb

Selim and Urn it are washing their faces. Mrs Park is going downstairs. Mr Park is having a bath. Jaime is getting dressed. Lee is turning off the light.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

149

45.6

Possible answer: I usually go to bed at 10.30. I go upstairs to my bedroom. I get undressed and have a bath. I am usually tired but I always read a bit. I turn off my light after ten minutes. I fall asleep quickly. I wake up before my alarm clock rings. I get up when my alarm clock rings. I wash my face, clean my teeth and get dressed. I go downstairs to the kitchen for breakfast.

Unit 46 46.1

2 a sofa 3 a coffee table, a side/small table 4 a picture

46.2

1 a sofa/an armchair 2 switch on the reading lamp 3 use the remote control

46.1

1 On 2 m; on

46.4

3 near 4 against

5 a light switch 6 a CD player/tape recorder 7 a carpet

5 in ... of

Possible sentences: In my living room there is a table, a TV, a desk, a sofa and two armchairs. The TV is near the window, and the sofa is against the wall. The table is in the middle of the room. The walls are white and there are some pictures on them. I like to relax in the living room. In the evening I watch TV there, or listen to music.

46.5

a ,c

e /,

'--"

Unit 47

150

47.1

2 3 4 5 6

47.2

1 engmeer

47.1

Possible answers; 1 I'm a teacher. 2 In a university. 3 Yes, very interesting.

47.4

Across 1 bus driver 2 teacher 3 writer

A A A A A

doctor works in a hospital (or a clinic, or a surgery). waiter works in a restaurant (or a cafe). secretary works in an office. shop assistant works in a shop. hairdresser works in a hairdresser's (or a salon). 2 farmer

Down 1 doctor 2 waiter 3 nurse

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

3 taxi-driver

4 nurse

5 mechanic

6 secretary

Unit 48 48.1 48.2

1 c

2 d

3 g

4 f

5 b

7 e

8 a

9 h

Possible answers: My three favourite subjects were languages, English and art. I didn't like physical education, physics and maths.

48.3

notebook, crayons, cassette, drawing pins, pencil, rubber, ruler, paper clip, tape recorder and pencil sharpener.

48.4

Possible answer: I usually have a tape recorder and some cassettes, a notebook, some pens, some paper clips, a pencil, a rubber and a pencil sharpener.

48.5

2 3 4 5

48.6

Try this exercise again in one week's time. How many words can you remember now?

did passed is studying doing

6 taking 7 take/do 8 passes 9 get

10 fails 11 gIve

Unit 49 49.1

Possible answers: I have the following: address, letter, envelope, stamp, phone number, phone, mobile phone, computer, screen, disk, mouse, keyboard and e-mail address.

49.2

2 stamps 3 envelope 4 phone box

5 mouse 6 post box 7 mobile phone

8 address 9 screen

49.3

1 It's 2 speak

3 sorry 4 at

5 take/give him 6 ring/call/phone

49.4

Possible answers: 1 01223240754: oh one double two three, two four oh, seven five four 0181441 7895: oh one eight one, double four one, seven eight nine five 01465 353607: oh one four six five, three five three, six oh seven 01954345882: oh one nine five four, three four five, double eight two 2 steve@stuff.co.uk: Steve at stuff dot co dot U-K TESL-L@cunyvm.cuny.edu: Tesl hyphen L at cuny V-M dot cuny dot edu (i.e. Test, cuny and edu are read as words while VM is read as individual letters)

49.5

Possible answers: 2 An e-mail is usually cheapest (if you have the equipment). 3 I've sent and received them all. 4 Phoning, because I like to talk to my friends. 5 E-mailing is quick and easy.

Unit 50 2 on

50.1

1 on

50.2

1 a package holiday (or package tour) 2 a coach tour

3 time

4 by 3 a walking holiday 4 a winter holiday / a skiing holiday English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

151

50.3

Possible answers: you can take a lot of luggage ferry

car

+++

flight

50.4

1 currency

50.5

traveller's cheques; a visa

50.6

2 nightlife

2 passport

3 local

very fast

usually cheap

you see a lot as you travel

you can relax

+++

3 camera

4 luggage

4 Tourist Information

5 phrase book

6 tickets

5 language

Unit 51 5 Iâ&#x20AC;˘I

1 chemist's 2 toy shop

51.2

2 The hairdresser's. 3 The post office. 4 A gift shop.

51.3

1 2 3 4

3rd ground 4th basement

51.4

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

cash a hairdresser a credit card the basement a piece of paper that is worth five pounds the floor above the ground floor (in a British building) a piece of paper that you get when you buy something the place where you pay for things in a shop

51.5

3 butcher's 4 newsagent's

5 6 7 8

5 gift shop 6 baker's

5 A book shop. 6 A department store (or a supermarket).

1st basement ground 2nd

9 2nd 10 3rd 11 ground 12 2nd

Possible answers: Shops near me: baker's, newsagent's, chemist's, post office, hairdresser's, supermarket Departments in my favourite department store: childrenswear, sports equipment, menswear, cosmetics, toys, ladieswear, shoes, electrical goods, stationery, furniture

51.6

1 cost

2 pay

3 (carrier) bag

Unit 52

152

52.1

1 2 3 4

52.2

1 d

double room shower TV telephone 2 a

5 6 7 8 3 h

kettle sea key lift 4 f

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

5 b

6 g

7 c

8 e

52.3

Possible answers: 1 From £30 - £80 per night 2 00 44 (from e.g. France) 3 1.6 4 102 5 Because they are no use to a thief.

52.4

Possible answer: YOU: Excuse me, please. Can I have one double and one single room for tonight? RECEPTIONIST: With a bathroom? YOU: Yes, please. RECEPTIONIST: Rooms 11 and 12 are free. They are on the first floor. YOU: How much are they? RECEPTIONIST: The single room is £30 and the double is £50. YOU: Thank you. That's fine. We'll take them. RECEPTIONIST: Good. Can you fill in this form for me, please?

52.5

Possible answer: Can I have a morning call, please? Can I have breakfast in my room, please? Can I book a room for next week, please? Can I have a double room for tonight, please? Can I have my bill, please? Can I borrow a hairdryer, please?

Unit 53 53. I

53.2

Possible answers: 2 restaurant 3 fast food restaurant

4 cafe 5 bar/pub/cafe

Possible answers: cafe - Jim's Corner Cafe restaurant - The Taj Mahal bar - The Red Lion sandwich bar - Annabelle's fast food restaurant - Burger King self-service cafe - cafe in railway station

53.3

Possible answers: 1 I'd choose tomato soup, chicken salad and strawberries and cream. 2 A vegetarian would choose melon or tomato soup and a cheese or plain omelette and any of the desserts.

53.4

2 omelette

53.5

WAITER: CUSTOMER: WAITER: CUSTOMER: WAITER: CUSTOMER:

3 salad

4 potatoes

5 gateau

6 steak

Are you ready to order? Yes. I'd like vegetable soup and steak, please. How would you like your steak? Rare, medium or well-done? Rare, please. What would you like to drink? An orange juice, please.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

153

Unit 54 54.•

1 rugby 2 cricket

3 judo/karate 4 sailing

5 volleyball 6 motor racing

54.2

1 canoemg 2 baseball

3 badminton 4 basketball

5 table tennis 6 skiing

54.3

2 play football? 3 Do you do any sports? 4 go swimming? / like swimming? / swim?

Unit 55 55 ••

6 Romance 7 Crime/detective 8 Musical

2 Science fiction 3 Horror 4 Action 5 Cartoon

55.2

C H

E S S

R 0 M A N

T I C

E 0 Y I F N L

C C E C A

T E R

0 I

N C

55.3

1 to the 2 watched (some people say 'saw a video')

55.4

Possible answers: 1 Star Wars, Star Trek, etc. 2 Sean Connery, Demi Moore, Arnold Schwarzenegger, etc. 3 Yes I love them. No, they're boring. Dick Tracy is one example. 4 Yes, if I'm not on my own.

3 played 4 m

5 film stars 6 director

Unit 56

154

56.•

1 She's watching TV. 2 He's gardening. 3 He's reading a newspaper.

56.2

2 read 3 talk 4 have

56.3

Possible answers: 1 We talk, or we have a meal, or we listen to music, etc. 2 My best friend sometimes comes to stay. / My cousins sometimes come to stay, etc. 3 I like novels, and I read a newspaper every day. 4 I ring them about once a week.

5 have/invite 6 play 7 watch

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

4 She's cooking. 5 She's using the Internet. 6 He's listening to a CD.

8 see/watch 9 grows

56.4

Possible answers for a young person who likes technology:

most interesting

most boring

using the Internet watching videos

listening to music

doing nothing

reading

cooking gardening

Unit 57 57.1

2 a murderer 3 a shoplifter

4 a burglar S a mugger

57.1

2 arrested 3 vandals 4 fine

S burglaries 6 innocent 7 take

57.3

Possible answers: 1 f 2 g 3 e

4 b

6 a drug pusher/dealer

8 terrorists 9 pnson

S a

6 h

Unit 58 58.1

2 soap (opera) / talk show 3 documentary

58.1

1 e

2 d

3 b

4 a

58.3

1 c

2 a

3 d

4 b

58.4

2 A journalist 3 An evening (news)paper

58.5

Possible answers: 1 I always read an evening newspaper. 2 In Britain, most people have four or five channels. They have more if they have satellite TV. 3 Satellite TV is getting more popular in Britain every year. 4 I watch two or three hours every day. S Documentaries and nature programmes.

4 nature S teenage

6 Internet 7 comlCS

S c

4 A comic S A nature programme

Unit 59 59.1

2 3 4 S 6 7 8

59.1

Possible answers: 2 cut finger/hands/knees 3 untidy room/desk/hair 4 late for school/an appointment / a concert S a camera/microwave/walkman that isn't working 6 too much work/rain/wind

Her computer has crashed. The cup is broken. The phone is out of order. She has too much work. His hand is cut. The room is untidy. She is late for work.

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

155

59.3

59.4

Possible answers: Serious a computer crash a broken washing machine lost keys a row with a friend being late for work too much work a coffee machine that isn't working!

Not serious a TV that doesn't work dying plants an untidy bedroom a cut finger a colleague in a bad mood a photocopier that is out-of-order

Possible answers: too much work - get an assistant a colleague in a bad mood - pay no attention a crashed computer - get a technician a photocopier that is out-of-order - repair the photocopier a coffee machine that isn't working - drink water

59.5

Possible answers: My video recorder doesn't work. My brother lost his credit card. My husband broke a glass.

Unit 60 60. I

60.2

2 car crash 3 flood 4 war

5 earthquake 6 forest fire 7 hurricane

Possible answers: snowstorm - Alaska forest fire - Australia

60.3

60.4

8 traffic jam 9 snowstorm

earthquake - Japan flood - Bangladesh

Possible answers: We have poor people in big cities, hungry people in big cities, homeless people in the capital, unemployed people in the north, too many people in the capital, traffic jams in big cities, car crashes on main roads, strikes in some factories. Fortunately, we don't have any wars. Possible answers: hurricane, snowstorm, flood - problems because of the weather earthquake, car crash - things get smashed forest fire, pollution, traffic jam - they make the environment dirty poor, unemployed, hungry and homeless people - too many people strike, war - problems caused by government and politics

60.5

156

2 strike 3 War

4 car crash 5 earthquakes; snowstorms

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

6 homeless

Phonetic symbols Vowel sounds

Consonant sounds

Symbol

Examples

Symbol

Examples

li,1

sleep

Ipl

12ut

Iii

happ)':

Ibl

book

III

dinner

ItI

take

lui

foot

could

p!!ll

IdJ

dog

lu,1

through

Ikl

~ar

lei

r~d

Igl

f!rrIve

lifl

catch

13:1

turn

bitd

1d31

h:1

sort

thought

If!

for

lcel

Cf!t

blf!ck

Ivl

loye

yehicle

fAl

s!!n

enough

181

thick

path

101

gQt

wf!tch

sQck

101

this

mother

la:1

part

heart

laugh

lsi

~mce

/zl

~oo

IfI

shop

131

plea~ure

Ihl

hear

Iml

make

Inl

name

ITJI

bring

III

look

Irl

road

Ijl

Joung

Iwl

wear

m~ reClp~

shoe head

said

father

work

leII

nf!me

laIl

m)':

hII

bQ)l:

nOIse

legl

paIr

where

IIgl

hear

beer

Igul

hQme

laul

out

cow

lugl

pure

walk

wQnder

aIm

If!te idea

colour

time

fewer

bear

show

kick ggarantee church loun~

cough

IiliotograIili

rice hou~e~ ~ugar

machine

u~ual

vi~ion

hotel

now

know

while

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

157

Index a.m. about abroad accommodation 21 accustomed to

activity add 1 address adjective adverb advice aeroplane afraid of Africa after afternoon 27 against age ago air 21 air pollution 60 airport alarm clock 45 along also although always America American and 15 angry animal answer answerphone 49 Antarctica 36 apologise (for) apple appointment 3,6 apricot 158

41 24

April 16 Arab ;:er;Jh/ 36 Arabic I'a:!.)blki 36 Argentina "n;~j 36 Argentinian 't I 36 arm 10:lnl 30 armchair 30, 46 around arrest arnve arrive at/in h' Iv.)tflnl 14 / 48 15

16, 46

24 aspirin 33 asthma /',eSln.)/ 33 at the moment

l'beds<lJ(J

17 attack attention August r aunt Australia Australian autumn away awful/'

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

basement bersnl.)nti 51 basin I'beIsdnl 45 basketball /'ho:sklt 54 bath /bu:O/ 3, 45 bathroom :Oromi 12, 45,52 be /bi 20 be born be used to {hi:' 12,24 beans /bi:nzi 43, 53 beard IblJd/ 32 beat 11)i 20 beautiful 11;)1/ 26, 32 because 'knzl 15 become Ibl'k!\ml 20 bed /bed/ 6, 45 bedroom I'bcdwm/ 45 bedside lamp/table

42 16 29

baby 28 7,9, 10, 18 back bn/40 bacon 19,22,23 bad bad at baxl ~.,tI 24 bad mood badly badminton 54 baker('s) I' ball game I' banana k/ 38 bank bar 53 54 baseball

45 beef ;1.,i:fl 40,53 beer 43 before 'f:'J:I 15 begin Ib I I ill 20 beginning 18 belong to 24 belt 31 best 22 better :.JI 10, 22 bicycle (bike) l'balSlkJ!/ I 14,41 big 2 bill 13,52 biology 48 bird birth birthday 16,28 Bless you I' bles 35 blonde 32 blood 30 blue 32 board pen I'bJ:d board rubber 48 boarding card ku:d/ 41 boat 41

30 9, 38,41, 52,

body book 56 bookshelf book shop boot boots boring born borrow bottom bowl brain Brazil bread break break into breakfast

37 37 50 31 52 3, 6, 10,21,

51 carrot(s) carry cartoon cash cash desk cassette cat catch

18 44

30 36 21,43,51 20 57 3, 6,

12,45,52 bride bridegroom

28 briefcase bring . British broken brother brown budgie buffet burger burglar burglary bus

42 2, 12,31,

car 2, 14,38,41,50 car crash 60 car park 38 car theft 57 car thief 57 46 carpet carrier bag

31 9,20 36 59 29 32 40 41 53 57 57 8, 10, 14,38,

41,50 bust 30 but 15 butcher('s) butter 21 20 buy 2 by

51, 52 51

CD centre century chair chance change

52 channel 58 check 27,41,52 41 check in check out 52 Cheers 35 53 cheese chemist('s) chemistry cheque chest chick chicken 40,53 childrenswear

7 11 come on 55 comedy 58 comIC communication competition 3 complete computer

48,

49,58 computer game

cafe 53 51 cakes 40 calf 12,28,49 call camera 8,50 Canada 36 Canadian 36 cancer

China Chinese chips 53 chocolate cholera choose chopsticks church Cinema 12 clean clean your teeth

congratulations

13, 55 conjunction

15 44

45 climb close

14 46

conservation area continent control cook cooker cooking cool

39 36 27

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

159

6 copy 46 corner 1 correct 51 cosmetics 20,51,52 cost 39 cottage 21 countable country 36,39 countryside 39 8,48,53 course court 54,57 cousm 29 cow crash crayon 48 53 cream credit card 51 cricket cnme crowded cry 2 2, 3 cup 44,45 cupboard currency 50,52 46 curtain 41 customs 20,59 cut 14 dance 2, 10,32 dark 49 date daughter 29 day 12, 16 day after tomorrow 16 day before yesterday 16 dead death December 16 degree degrees dentist depart 41 department store 51 desk dessert detective 55 160

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

dialogue 1 die 28,59 diet 33 different 51 difficult 23 dinner 3,6, 12,52, 56 director 55 disaster 60 disk dishes dislike divorced 2,5,20,54,56 do do a course 48 do business with 5 do homework 5,48 do some exercises 5 do the gardening 5 do the housework 5 do the washing 5 do the washing-up 5 do up 11 do your best 5 doctor 5,6, 10, 33,47 documentary 58 dog doll door 2,13 double room 52 downstairs 45 draw 46 drawers 45 drawing pin 48 dress 2,31 dressing table 45 )

drink 2,20,43,53 drive 14,20 drug pusher 57 drug pushing 57 dry 2,37 Dutch 36 ear 30 earthquake 60 easy-gomg 23 eat 2,20,53 economiCS 26 egg 40 Egypt Egyptian 36 elderly electrical goods 51 elephant e-mail end endless engmeer English 54 55 enJoy entrance 42 envelope 49 Europe 36 even evenmg 16,27 every everyday 59 everywhere 18 exam 2, 3, 6, 8, 48 example 1 excellent 22 exchange 52 excuse me 35,38

exit ii 42 expect 27 ex-president 25

(

ex-wife 30 eye

face 30, 32 factory 47 fail 48 fair 32 fall 14,20,27 fall asleep 45 family fare farm farmer 39,47 fast 19,26 fast food 43 fast food restaurant

53 fat father favourite 54 49 fax February 16 feel 6,20,27 feelings 34 feet 30 ferry 50 field 39 fight 20 fill 1 fill in a form

52 41 6,55,58

get back get dressed

31,45 get married

10,28

footballer football hooligan

get get get get

57 football hooliganism

on over to undressed

11 11 14

31,45 10, 11, 12,

57 forest forest fire forget fork form formal fortnight fourth floor France freezer French Friday fridge friend friendly front fruit fruit juice fruit salad

get up

gift shop giraffe give 20 give a lecture

48 29,44 31 60 31 4, 12, 20, 54,

glass glasses global gloves go

55 go go go go

53 44

away back by campmg

4 14

50 go dancing / fishing / sightseeing / swimming etc.

51 55

future

go down go for a walk

51,

52 fish 40,43,53 fish and chips

43 flight flood floor flower fly fog foggy

21,43,50,51 30 3,30,

frying pan funeral furniture

fill up with film film star find fine finger Finnish first floor

food foot football

41 60 51 9,56 14,20,50 37 37

3,51 game gap garden 9,56 gardening 56 garlic gateau geography German Germany get 10,20 get a degree

go go go go go go

m into off on out of shopping

4 11 11 4

4,51 go skiing / walking

4,39 41 12,

go through go to bed

48 get accustomed / used to

go up going to good

4 4 19,22,23

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

161

good morning / afternoon / evening / night

good at good luck goodbye grammar granddaughter grandfather 28,29 grandmother 29 grandparents 29 grandson grape great Greece Greek green peas green greetings groom ground floor 51 56 grow 57 guilty guitar 9

hair dresser('s) hair dryer hair 30,32 hairbrush half-brother 25 half-hour half-price ham 40,53 hamburger 43 hand handbag handsome happily happiness 26 happy 2,23,34 Happy Birthday 13,35 162

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

Happy Christmas 35 Happy New Year 13,35 hardly ever 17 hat hate have 3,12,20,56 have (your) hair cut 3 ;1 'bel have a baby 28 have a go Ihcev have a good time 3 have a look 3 have a moment 3 have a row with 59 have a shower 45 have a word with 3 have got have got. .. 31 have the time 3 have to hayfever 33 head headache headlight headscarf health hear heart heart attack 28,33 height 32 helicopter 41 hello hen 40 here 7,9, 18 hi 35 high 2 hill 39 hips 30 hire 41

history hobby holiday 50 Holland 36 home 7, 10, 12, 18,47,56 homeless homework 3, 6,48 honeymoon 28 hooligan 57 hope hopeful horrible horror /' horse horse racing 54 hospital 33, 47 hot 2, 34, 37 hot chocolate 6

lee 2 lee-cream 53 Icelandic 36 if 15 ill II 10, 28, 33, 34 illness 33

impossible 25 m 55 in a bad mood 59 in a moment in advance incorrect IndIa /i I informal information 21 information technology 48 innocent instructions instructor intelligent 23 interested in 24 Internet interview invite Iraqi Irish 36 irregular verb 20 Israeli Italy jacket Jamaican January Japan Japanese 13,36 Jeans job Jog joke journalist Journey judo JUKe

July Jump Jumper June

36 16

me II k :1 l!l I

54 karate keep kettle ji key 52 keyboard kind kitchen kitchen paper 44 knee 30 knife 2,44 know 20 Korea 36 Korean 36

look at 24 look for 24,38, 59 look forward to 24 loose 27 20,27,59 lose 19 loud love 34,55 love story 55 lovely luggage 50,52 lunch 3,6,52

ladieswear 51 lake lamb land language 1, 36,50 languages 48 last late for learn leather leave lecture 48 left 1, 18 leg 30 leisure lend lesson let 20 letter letters library lift light lightning 37 like 15,34,54 lion 40 lip lipstick listen (to) 12, 24,46,56 living room 46 local 50 look look after 24

magazme 56, 58 51 magazmes mam course 53 make 2,6,12,20 make a (phone) call 49 33

19 manner 41 map 16 March marriage married mashed potatoes 53 match I 1 mathematics (maths) 26,48 May! 16 meal 3,53 40,43,51 meat mechanic 5, 47 media 51 medicine 32, medium 53 3 53 men mend menswear

42 59

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

51 163

53 menu Merry Christmas

museum

13,35

music centre

message metro Mexican Mexico microwave

8 36 36

44 middle middle-aged

18,46

46 48,56 55

music musical nail 30 name 13 national park

mmus 37 8, 16 minute 45 mirror 14 miss 6 mistake mixed 53 mobile phone

49 moment Monday money monkey month mood mormng morning call

17 16 21,38,52 40 16 59 16,58

52 mother motor racing

54 motorbike 14,41 motorcycle

41 motorway

164

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

39,58 23

17 now now and then 17 13 47 17

o'clock occasionally

36 51 newspaper

10,38,51,56 next 17 next to 46 mce 22,23 mece 29 night 27 night life 50 nightdress 45 nightie no entry 38 no parking

October 16 office often OHP 48 old omelette 53 on foot 2 on strike 60 once 17 onion 43 only 15 open 42 orange 43 orange JUice

53 order 53 ordinary-looking

32 18 out out of order

no smoking

42 nOise 6 non-smoking

42,59 outside line

25 normally North America

52 12

36 36

Norway Norwegian

36 nose

number nurse

news 21,58 newsagent('s)

18 mountain 39 49 mouse 32 moustache 30 mouth move 14 mug 2,44,57 57 mugger 57 muggmg 57 murder murderer 57

60 nature naughty near 46 neck 30 negative Nepalese nephew never New Zealand

natural disaster

note 51 notebook nothing notice notice board noun novel November

21,40,43 milk mineral water

not too bad

overweight p.m. 16 package holiday pain painless

50 30 26

shorts paper clip 48 parents 28,29 park 38 parrot 40 party 2,3 pass 14 pass an exam 48 passport 2,41, 50 past 17 pasta 43 path 39 pay 20,42,57 pay for 24 pea(s) 43,53 pear 43 pedestrian area 38 pen 48 pencil 48 pencil sharpener 48 people 36 perfect 22 Peru 36 Peruvian 36 pet 40 petrol 41 phone 12,49,56 phone box/number 49 photo(graph)

6, 8 photocopier 59 phrasal verb 11 phrasei' , 1 phrase book 50 physical education 48 48 physics pIClllC 39 picture 8,46 piece of paper 48

pig 40 piglet 40 14 pilot 43 pineapple 54 pitch pizza 43 18,53 place plain 53 plane 2, 14,41 plant 59 plaster 59 plate 21,44 play 54,55,56 please 13,35 plural 1 police 57 Polish 36 26 politics polluted 60 60 pollution 54 pool poor 60 40 pork Portuguese 36 position 18 23 positive 25 possible 49 post 49 post box postcard 10, 50 post office 38,51 potato(es) 43, 53 pre25 prefer 34 preposition 1 9, 17, present 51 25 president pretty 32 primary school 48 pnson problem 59,60 programme 56,58 proud of 24 psychology 26

pub pull push put put on 59 PYjamas question queue quiet quite

53 42 42 20,49 11,31, 45 1,13 42 19,27 27

12,13, radio 46,56,58 railway station 38 ram 2,9, 10,37 2,26,37 ramy rare 53 17 rarely re25 read 20, 38,45,46, 56 51 receipt 17 recently 52 reception 25 redo relations 29 relatives 29 46 relax remote control 46 repair 59 reply 13 reporter 58 25 reread reservation 52 41 reserve restaurant 51, 53 restaurant car 41 retell 25 return ticket 41 25 rewrite nce 21,43 ride 14,20 right 1, 18, 19

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

165

nng 31,42,45,56 nse 20 nver 39 38 road roast beef/potatoes

see 7,55,56 see you soon

35 selfish 23 self-service (cafc9restaurant)

53 rob robber robbery romantic roundabout

sad sadly sadness 26 safe 54 sailing salad 53 sale sandwich 53 sandwich bar

53 26 58 16 44

40 ' 44,45 20,37 14,41 31 21,31,51 20

shoplifter shoplifting shopping short shorts shoulder shower

45,51,58

16,51 5,9,

47 English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

26 17

35 soup 53 South America

36 51 21

45,52

shut 20 sick 33 side 18,30 . sIgn 38,52 single 28 single room

52 singular sink sister SIze skiing skin skirt sleep slim slow slowly j' snack

soccer 54 sociology 31 socks 46 sofa sometimes son 29 soon 17

spend 20 spoon 2,44 sports 54,58 sports equipment

41 say scarf school science fiction

166

souvemr spaghetti Spain Spanish speak

single ticket

screen season 41 seat second secretary

40 2, 37

45 routine row 59 48 rubber 54 rugby 48 ruler run 14,20 54 runmng rush hour 60 Russia 36 Russian 36

sandy satellite Saturday saucepan saucer

snake snow snowstorm snowy so soap soap opera

54 30,32 31 20,35,56 32 19 26 53

spnng 16 square 38 stamp 10,49,51 stand 20 starter 53 stationery 51 stay 56 steak 53 steal 20,57 steward 41 stomach 30 stop storm story 13 strawberry (-ies)

43,53 38 33 60 2, 5,

studies study stupid ;' 23 subject 1/ 48 sugar suit suitcase 2 summer 16 sun 2,37 Sunday sunglasses sunny 26, 37 supermarket

sWlmmmg Swiss switch switch on Switzerland 36 table tennis 54 table take take ...

take notes take off 41 talk 13,56 talk show 58 tall 2,32 tap 44 tape 56 tape recorder 48 10,14,41 tea 3, 6, 21, 43 tea-towel 44 teach

teacher 2,5,47,48 teapot 44 technical drawing 48 teenage 58 teeth 30 telephone (phone) 12,13,49, 52,56 telephone number 51

television (TV) 12,46,52,55,56,58 tell 20 2 temperature tennis 54 22 terrible terrorism 1'1 terrorist textbook Thai 36 Thailand 36 than 24 thank for thank you 13, 35 thanks 35 then there thin think 20 think about/of 24 third 51 thirsty though throw thumb thunder 37 thunderstorm thundery Thursday 2,41 ticket 59 tidy tie 31 40 tiger 31 tights 13 time timetable tin opener

41 26

tired 6, 10, 34 16 today toe 30 toilet tomato tomorrow too 15 too much 59 tooth 30 toothache 33 toothbrush 45 toothpaste 45, 51 top 18 tortoise 40 tourist (information) office 38,50 towel 45 town 38,39 town hall 38 toys 51 toy shop traffic traffic jam 60 train 2, 14,38,41, 50 trainers 31 transport 14, 41 travel 2, 21 traveller 26 traveller's cheque 50,52 travelling 41 tropical 33 31 trousers 51 tryon 31 t-shirt Tuesday 16 Turkey Turkish turn down 11 turn off 11, 13, 45,46 turn on 11,46 11 turn up TV (television) 12, 46,55,56,58 twice 17

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

167

ugly 32 umbrella 31 29 uncle uncountable under underground

village 8,9,

volleyball

21 2,46

understand 20 unemployed 60 unfinished 25 unfriendly 19 unhappy 23,25 United States of America

36 48 25 25 59 34 45 36 12,24 26 26 12, 17

57 vandal vandalism 57 vegetable(s) 43,53,56 1 verb 48 video video recorder 48 Vietnamese 36

168

50 54 28

14,41

(USA) university unread unsafe untidy upset upstairs USA used to useful useless usually

VIsa

English Vocabulary in Use (elementary)

waist 30 wait 24,27 waiter 47 wake 20 wake up 45 walk 4, 14,42 walking holiday 50 want 34 war 60 wardrobe 45 warm 2,34 wash 30 washing-up liquid 44 wastebin 44 watch 12,31,55, 56 water 8,21,59 way 13,19 way III 42 way out 42 42 we wear 20,31 weather 2,21,37 wedding 28 Wednesday 6 week 16 weekend 16 weigh 28 weight 32 well 10, 19,33,34 well-behaved 23 well-done 53 western 55 wet 2, 10,37 what time... ? 12

wildlife 39 win 20 wind 37 window 2,46 windscreen 2 windy 37 WIlle 43 wine list 53 winter 16 winter holiday 50 women 42,58 wonderful 22, 23 wood 39 wool 40 word 1 word processor 26 work 12,21,47, 59 worker 26 worktop 44 worse 22 worst 22 write 12,20 wrong 19 year 16 yesterday young 32 zoo zoology

40 26