Portfolio
2009-13 CHO chung man
PRACTICE
West Kowloon Terminus. 2012. Center Cultural Recreation Center. 2011 Midfield Concourse. 2011 PAZHOU Hotel.2011 Wuhan Tower.2012
COMPETITION
MUDIANJIAN STADIUM .2012 HK-SZ Boundary Crossing Facility.2012 HK-SZ Boundary Crossing Facility 2.2012 Pushkinsky Cinema . 2011 Taiwan Tower. 2011
RESEARCH
Generative Bamboo House. 2012 S- CHAIR. 2012 Digital Materiality. 2011 SZU PARAMETRIC METHODOLOGY. 2012 HKPDA Wuhan Workshop. 2012
“We Make Value, Not Money.” -Sam
Naked Garden. 2011 Weaving Wave.2011
View towards Eastern Arch
WEST KOWLOON TERMINLUS
A
s a strong indicator in recent years, be-
Kong Special Administrative Region maintains eco-
as to China. The site’s prominence immediately
tween Hong Kong and mainland China,
nomic and political incentives from P.R.C. Conse-
adjacent to the future West Kowloon Cultural Dis-
Use : Transport, infrastructure, offices
the West Kowloon Terminus is both a symbol and
quently, the facility needs to have both custom and
trict and next to Victoria Harbor required a design
Cost: HKD 23 Billion
a functional representation of how improved rela-
immigration controls for departing and arriving
which was completely motivated by civic demand.
Gross Floor Area : 732,800 sq m
tions have become. The high-speed rail terminus
passengers. What is highly unusual in this facility
Enriching the challenge was the reality that there
Architects : Andrew Bromberg of Aedas
station will connect Hong Kong to Beijing with
is that West Kowloon Terminus will have immigra-
would be 400,000 square meters of commercial
Project Team : Andrew Bromberg Team, Aedas
the largest rail network in our history. Located
tion domain for both Hong Kong and China in the
development on top of the station which would be
Client: MTR Corporation Ltd.
centrally in Hong Kong within the city’s existing
same facility as opposed to how immigration works
auctioned off to a developer in a later date.
Complete Year : 2015
urban realm, the 430,000 square meters facil-
in a typical international airport, which is solely the
Photo by : Crystal LTD
ity with fifteen tracks will be the largest below
domain of the host country.
Project Name : West Kowloon Terminus Location : Kowloon, Hong Kong
ground terminus station in the world.
W
KT will function more like an international airport than a rail station as Hong
I
A
t the time of the competition, a one-year feasibility study was conducted with the cli-
t became apparent that the WKT facility needed
ent by another architect. This scheme became the
to function as a built ambassador for the city of
“baseline” which all other schemes were evaluated
Hong Kong as the gateway into Hong Kong, as well
and if proven to be the most viable, would have
Pg. 4
View from Kowloon Side
Pg. 5
maintained itself as the chosen scheme moving forward. Our first concern with the scheme was that it had allocated future, commercial facilities in both front corners of the site with the above ground, entrance building of the station being sandwiched between. With no control over the commercial facilities and the limitation of station frontage, we were concerned that the project would be perceived as a commercial development which had a station below it as opposed to being a civic “gateway” into Hong Kong which had supporting commercial activity.
F
or the competition, two main options were explored in locating the above ground station
component in either front corner of the site. It was felt to be a fundamental move which gave the station an address and a presence appropriate to its role in the city. From an urban design point of view, having the station entrance building in the southwest corner gave more frontage to the commercial activities which was beneficial to both views to the harbor and access.
W
ithin the station itself, there was one underlying goal to the scheme. As the
“gateway” to Hong Kong, it was considered vital to connect the station with the surrounding urban context and make one aware that whether arriving or departing – “You are in Hong Kong”. In order to do this, the design compacted all of the supportAreial View on WKT
ing spaces more efficiently to allow for a very large void down into the departure hall below as well as apertures down to the track platforms. The outside ground plane bent down to the hall and the roof
Pg. 6
Interial Viod View structure above gestures toward the harbor. The
seemed to make sense from a territorial point of
result is a 45 meter high volume which focuses all
view, however caused great inefficiencies within the
attention through the south façade toward views of the Hong Kong Central skyline and Victoria Peak beyond.
I
t was not until after winning the competition
across Hong Kong territory to Shenzhen, a boom-
and beginning a more rigorous two month exer-
ing China border city, and further to the north to
planning diagram. Our scheme actually stacked
cise of bringing the scheme up to a similar develop-
Guangzhou, the capital of Canton. At the time of
territories so that all immigration facilities for ar-
ment as the “baseline” scheme – that from a station
being awarded the project, years of research has al-
rivals are on one floor and all departure facilities are
function position, having the entrance building in
ready been performed on the civil engineering side
on another. By relating jurisdictions on top of each
the southeast corner was far superior. The analyti-
with a conclusion, based on urban make-up and in-
n order to achieve this volume, attention to the
other, so that each others arrivals and departure fa-
cal data supporting this conclusion is derived di-
ternal site restrictions – the short haul tracks need-
inner workings of both Hong Kong and China
cilities are stacked and connected, it actually made
rectly from track layout and disposition.
ed to be placed on the western side of the site with
immigration facilities were explored. The “base-
the inner workings easier and consequently more
line” scheme had segregated immigration by op-
efficient.
I
eration. All of HK immigration was on one floor and PRC immigration was on another one. Which
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the long-haul being located to the eastern side. The
he terminus station has two target destina-
locations of these tracks were / are fixed. In addi-
tions: regional commuter trains and long-
tion, is the realization that 80% of the station users
haul high speed trains. The commuter trains go
are short-haul commuters. Consequently, reducing
Pg. 7
travel times for these passengers is a priority.
L
ocating the immigration facilities over the short-haul tracks significantly reduced sta-
tion travel times for short-haul passengers. The immigration facilities are quite dense formalized spaces with both front-of-house and back-of-house uses. They can function quite well within a column grid environment. Their location functioning well beneath the density of the future commercial spaces also optimizes the openness of the void and entrance building on the opposite side of the site. So due to this rational, with the short-haul tracks being located on the west side of the site, the immigration facilities are also located on the west which means the commercial facilities also would be located to the west. This leaves the entrance building of the station located on the eastern edge of the site.
T
he scheme was then analytically compared to the “baseline” scheme in over 60 major
View towards Eastern Arch
items of criteria. On a scale of 1000, voted on by more than 200 political and technical leaders in
and focus toward Victoria Harbor and the Hong
in the master plan. The green space provides links
ent on this integration. The image of the station will
Hong Kong - into and beyond the West Kowloon
Hong Kong, this scheme strongly outperformed the
Kong skyline. The culturally district of WKCD is
flowing through the site to a Public Transport Inter-
be preserved in the southeast corner of the site. The
Cultural District; into and beyond Victoria Har-
“baseline” scheme with 875 points compared to 540
invited into the site. A large “Civic Square” opens
change to the North, The Austin Station subway sta-
Civic Square will be defined by station entrances
bor and into and beyond the tower filled alleyways
points and was adopted as the chosen scheme mov-
up toward the cultural district and is defined on the
tion to the East, The Kowloon Station Development
and station facilities on the east and west sides as
of Hong Kong. The station may be visible below
ing forward into implementation.
other side with its own outdoor performance am-
and Elements Mall to the West as well as internal
well as adjacent, accessible paths moving up on top
as a reminder of where one came - but the future
phitheatre.
connections into the WKT station itself and its fu-
of the station into the green “roofscape”.
paths of discovery present themselves invitingly
T
he organization of the design was inspired by converging forces all oriented toward Hong
Kong - likened to the converging tracks coming View From Auston Station
T
he pedestrian flow into this amphitheatre continues up, accessing almost the entire
into the terminus station itself. The project maxi-
roof top of the station itself in a highly vegetated
mizes civic gestures both internally and externally. The station is sculpted out of the energy of these moves and strongly defines its motive to open up
Pg. 8
ture commercial development.
T
he hope is that this commercial development
T
beyond…
he culminations of these moves find themselves at an observation deck on top of the
m
aintained itself as the chosen scheme mov-
will eventually be knitted into the overall flow
crest of the entrance building - twenty five meters
sculpture garden and landscaped extension of the
of the project seamlessly and was developed to a
above the Civic Square and forty five meters above
green below. The resultant open space is almost five
point of demonstrating viability. Fortunately how-
the Departure Hall below. At the top there is the
scheme was that it had allocated future, commercial
times more area than an already ambitious mandate
ever, the success of the development is not depend-
perfect overlook as an extension of the journey into
facilities in both front corners of the site with the
ing forward. Our first concern with the
Pg. 9
immigration facilities were explored. The “baseline” scheme had segregated immigration by operation. All of HK immigration was on one floor and PRC immigration was on another one. Which seemed to make sense from a territorial point of view, however caused great inefficiencies within the planning diagram. Our scheme actually stacked territories so that all immigration facilities for arrivals are on one floor and all departure facilities are on another. By relating jurisdictions on top of each other, so that each others arrivals and departure facilities are stacked and connected, it actually made the inner workings easier and consequently more efficient.
I
t was not until after winning the competition and beginning a more rigorous two month exer-
cise of bringing the scheme up to a similar development as the “baseline” scheme – that from a station Structural Model from Buro
the southeast corner was far superior. The analytical data supporting this conclusion is derived diabove ground, entrance building of the station be-
tion an address and a presence appropriate to its
to do this, the design compacted all of the support-
ing sandwiched between. With no control over the
role in the city. From an urban design point of view,
ing spaces more efficiently to allow for a very large
commercial facilities and the limitation of station
having the station entrance building in the south-
void down into the departure hall below as well as
rectly from track layout and disposition.
T
he terminus station has two target destinations: regional commuter trains and long-
frontage, we were concerned that the project would
west corner gave more frontage to the commercial
apertures down to the track platforms. The outside
be perceived as a commercial development which
activities which was beneficial to both views to the
ground plane bent down to the hall and the roof
haul high speed trains. The commuter trains go
had a station below it as opposed to being a civic
harbor and access.
structure above gestures toward the harbor. The
across Hong Kong territory to Shenzhen, a boom-
result is a 45 meter high volume which focuses all
ing China border city, and further to the north to
ithin the station itself, there was one
attention through the south façade toward views of
Guangzhou, the capital of Canton. At the time of
underlying goal to the scheme. As the
the Hong Kong Central skyline and Victoria Peak
being awarded the project, years of research has al-
beyond.
ready been performed on the civil engineering side
“gateway” into Hong Kong which had supporting commercial activity.
F
or the competition, two main options were explored in locating the above ground station
W
“gateway” to Hong Kong, it was considered vital to connect the station with the surrounding urban
component in either front corner of the site. It was
context and make one aware that whether arriving
felt to be a fundamental move which gave the sta-
or departing – “You are in Hong Kong”. In order
I
Grasshopper Structure Generation
function position, having the entrance building in
with a conclusion, based on urban make-up and in-
n order to achieve this volume, attention to the
ternal site restrictions – the short haul tracks need-
inner workings of both Hong Kong and China
ed to be placed on the western side of the site with
Pg. 10
the long-haul being located to the eastern side. The
trance building on the opposite side of the site. So
locations of these tracks were / are fixed. In addi-
due to this rational, with the short-haul tracks being
tion, is the realization that 80% of the station users
located on the west side of the site, the immigration
are short-haul commuters. Consequently, reducing
facilities are also located on the west which means
travel times for these passengers is a priority.
ing forward into implementation.
T
he organization of the design was inspired by
T
he pedestrian flow into this amphitheatre continues up, accessing almost the entire
converging forces all oriented toward Hong
roof top of the station itself in a highly vegetated
the commercial facilities also would be located to
Kong - likened to the converging tracks coming
sculpture garden and landscaped extension of the
the west. This leaves the entrance building of the
into the terminus station itself. The project maxi-
green below. The resultant open space is almost five
station located on the eastern edge of the site.
mizes civic gestures both internally and externally.
times more area than an already ambitious mandate
The station is sculpted out of the energy of these
in the master plan. The green space provides links
he scheme was then analytically compared
moves and strongly defines its motive to open up
flowing through the site to a Public Transport Inter-
to the “baseline” scheme in over 60 major
and focus toward Victoria Harbor and the Hong
change to the North, The Austin Station subway sta-
with both front-of-house and back-of-house uses.
items of criteria. On a scale of 1000, voted on by
Kong skyline. The culturally district of WKCD is
tion to the East, The Kowloon Station Development
They can function quite well within a column grid
more than 200 political and technical leaders in
invited into the site. A large “Civic Square” opens
and Elements Mall to the West as well as internal
environment. Their location functioning well be-
Hong Kong, this scheme strongly outperformed the
up toward the cultural district and is defined on the
connections into the WKT station itself and its fu-
neath the density of the future commercial spaces
“baseline” scheme with 875 points compared to 540
other side with its own outdoor performance am-
ture commercial development.
also optimizes the openness of the void and en-
points and was adopted as the chosen scheme mov-
phitheatre.
L
ocating the immigration facilities over the short-haul tracks significantly reduced station
travel times for short-haul passengers. The immigration facilities are quite dense formalized spaces
T
Pg. 11
T
he hope is that this commercial development will eventually be knitted into the overall
flow of the project seamlessly and was developed to a point of demonstrating viability. Fortunately however, the success of the development is not dependent on this integration. The image of the station will be preserved in the southeast corner of the site. The Civic Square will be defined by station entrances and station facilities on the east and west sides as well as adjacent, accessible paths moving up on top of the station into the green “roofscape�.
T
he culminations of these moves find themselves at an observation deck on top of the
crest of the entrance building - twenty five meters above the Civic Square and forty five meters above the Departure Hall below. At the top there is the perfect overlook as an extension of the journey into Hong Kong - into and beyond the West Kowloon Cultural District; into and beyond Victoria Harbor and into and beyond the tower filled alleyways of Hong Kong. The station may be visible below as a reminder of where one came - but the future paths of discovery present themselves invitingly beyond‌
View Towards Victoria Habour View of landscape plaza
Pg. 12
Rhino model
Pg. 13
Center Cultural Recreation Center Project Name : Generative Bamboo House Location : HUST, Wuhan Use : Recreation Gross Floor Area : 50m2 Structure : Glue Bamboo Max. Height : 6m Exterior Finish : Aluminum Panel Architects : Advance Architectural Lab Project Team : Muwei, Sam Cho, Zhou Chow Client : AAL, HUST Complete Year : 2012 Photo by : Canon Li Rear View Towards CCRC
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he design for the Civic, Cultural & Retail
The south elevation is completely opened up
ramps, escalators, terraces and public gardens. All
sequence and transition is linked visually and
Development does not present one singu-
presenting the inner workings of the facility as a
circulation, movement and internal forms are soft
spatially to the “Grand Foyer” connecting the
lar expression to describe the project. Instead it
section visible from and to the “Green”. The mass
and sinuos as if the civic activities have polished
sunken retail below up through the glass floor of
celebrates the rich and varying activities inside
of the theatre floating above is faceted, cut with
the inside of the urbanly presented strong faceted
the theatre’s main lobby exposing its volume float-
with a multi-faceted ephemeral and dynamic
glass fissures, and utilizes titanium cladding. All of
exterior.
ing above.
design, blurring the boundaries between the public
this helps dissolve and break down the mass above,
and private realms and between the retail and
playing with a composition of positive and nega-
cultural components. These transitions are soft
tive readings, in balance with the lower portions
and flowing, encouraging discovery and result-
use of solid and void.
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T
nents have on each other is celebrated by blurring
the pre-function of the banqueting and meet-
he civic building is intended to be an organic
the divisions between them while maintaining
ing room facilities are all open air along with the
object which is open to public discovery. One
functionality. This soft transition occurs verti-
“Grand Foyer”.
ing in a highly public, energetic civic node within One-North and beyond.
T
he civic and public components of the project
Singapore CCRC
where paramount and outwardly expressed.
Pg. 14
T
he cultural and retail components are bound together with the volume of the 40m high,
“Grand Foyer”. The importance these two compo-
can crawl under, move through, transverse around
cally from the most public of the open retail into
and climb onto the complex through a series of
the perceptual privacy of the theatre. This entire
he design is highly sustainable through its approach to minimize air conditioned spaces.
The retail, civic square, outdoor theatre as well as
Pg. 15
T
he design has opened up all four elevations to encourage air movement through the
volume. The design of these openings will explore how the heated surfaces on the southern elevation and roof can induce wind flow from the shaded, Northern face through these covered outdoor spaces. This air movement can be mechanically assisted at times if necessary. The result will be an enjoyable year round shaded environment with a cooling breeze allowing one to pass through or dwell within. Glazing on the southern face is minimized and protected by sunshading. The majority of the glass of the theatre’s main lobby is facing East but also protected from the late morning sun with an external bridge acting as a large sun shade. On top of the facility is a large roof top garden shaded with trees and looking over a reflecting pool. Gardens are deliberately placed throughout the facility softening the distinction of inside and outside spaces and promoting the CCRD as an eco-friendly environment.
Theater section
Pg. 16
Pg. 17
water cooled chillers, cooled with recycled condensate, grey and rain water, are used for air conditioning the Midfield Concourse.
E
xtensive use of over 20,000 LED lights has been incorporated to reduce power consump-
tion. One of Hong Kong’s largest arrays of over 1,200 sq m of solar panels is incorporated onto the roof of the Midfield Concourse to harness renewable energy. The design has been carried out as architectural sub-consultant to the Mott MacDonald - Arup JV.
Roof View hk airport
Midfield Concourse Project Name : West Kowloon Terminus
Areial View hk airport
have been fully considered and adopted in the de-
of Terminal 1 and between the two existing
sign. These include an optimised glazed facade,
Use : Transport, infrastructure, offices
runways at Hong Kong International Airport.
with reduced height glazing on the west and in-
Cost: HKD 23 Billion
The project is a five-level concourse with a total
creased height glazing on the east, and north facing
Gross Floor Area : 732,800 sq m
floor area of 120,000 sq m and with ceiling heights
skylights at regular intervals throughout the Con-
Architects : Andrew Bromberg of Aedas
comparable to those in Terminal 1. There are 20
course, to maximise natural day lighting and reduce
Project Team : Andrew Bromberg Team, Aedas
aircraft parking stands, 19 of which are bridge-
solar gain.
Client: MTR Corporation Ltd.
served, including two Code F (A380) stands.
Complete Year : 2015 Photo by : Crystal LTD
Pg. 18
T
he Midfield Concourse is located to the west
Location : Kowloon, Hong Kong
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he Midfield Concourse is connected to
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he facade and north lights also make use of very high performance glazing which allows
Terminal 1 by an extension of the existing
a good level of natural light into the building whilst
Automated People Mover system. Green features
reflecting over 40% of solar heat. High efficiency
Pg. 19
Aerial View Airport
Pg. 20
Pg. 21
PAZHOU Hotel Project Fact Sheet Project Name : Pazhou Hotel Location : Guangzhou, PRC Use : Hotel, Mix Use Gross Floor Area : 159,142 sq.m. Architects : Andrew Bromberg, Aedas Project Team : Andrew Bromberg Team Client : Nan Fung China Development ltd. Complete Year : 2012 Photo by :
C
ontaining four distinct programmatic uses which are split between two differ-
ent sites, the Pazhou Exhibition Complex would have already been considered a challenge. This complexity becomes even more exacerbated by the realization that the project’s sites are separated 160
Pazhou Model
meters by another building.
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ocated outside of Guangzhou in China, Pazhou is an island within the Pearl River,
which is dedicated to exhibition related activities.
pedestrian flow, traffic flow, vehicular drop-offs,
ness model a stronger likelihood of success.
tional, multi-floor exhibition center in the podium
and appropriate areas for load / unload zones. This
with a 500 room, 5-star hotel located above. In
was formalized into a simple functional diagram
ne site is wholly owned by a Hong Kong
total, these four uses add up to around 180,000 sm
which allows very efficient area requirements to be
based developer while the other site is a
of GFA.
achieved.
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ranks as the second largest in the world. The Pazhou Exhibition Complex is located right across
International Fund House. The JV site, or referred
ment funded exhibition center which currently
the street from this facility, and needs to be competitive to insure its success. The introduction of four primary uses helps to diversify the center and
Pg. 22
building on top. The other site “1401” is a tradi-
O
The center piece of the development is a govern-
Pazhou hotel
create a mixed-use vibrancy which allows the busi-
joint-venture between this developer and a large to as site “1301” contains a large retail exhibition area in the podium and a large office showroom
he project design balanced the importance of “frontage” for the visibility of the center along
with basic functional constraints, which include
he primary formal drivers for the design, however, are its contextual responses to the
surrounding area as well as the separation of the
Pg. 23
projects two individual sites. Contextually, the project, which initially seems large, actually is
restrictions placed strong emphasis on the podi-
H
um, by requiring a simple and consistent presence
the relationships between all three. This may have
fragmented in comparison to its surrounding dominant neighbors. Consequently, urban design
on the major street wall toward the north. The major entrances for the two sites were on the west side for “1301” and the east side for “1401”. These faces are where more articulation and playfulness in the podium face was allowed and explored.
T
he 40 meters high, multi-level podium was broken down vertically toward the east and
ow “1301”, the “middle neighbor” and “1401” related to each other was explored
in three manners. The first was to just “Ignore” been the simplest approach and did provide some continuity of the master plan. However, it does not have benefit to how the two sites are perceived in significance next to its more substantial neighbors. It also places the “middle neighbor” with equal standing to the other sites, which was not supporting the client’s business model.
as break the mass of the volume down without
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diluting the monumentality of the podium height,
this could have allowed the project’s two sites to
west in some very simple and bold moves. This helped emphasize the primary entrances as well
which is equivalent to a ten story building. This is also the beginning of the dialog between the two different sites, which although separated by a 160 meters, will be visible and apparent; they are from the same family.
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he office showroom building on top of “1301” was shifted out as far to the north as possible
to be the western terminus of an above podium “urban room” with neighboring projects. The hotel of “1301” was initially positioned to be aligned with the building tower between “1301” and “1401” – or also known as the “middle neighbor”. This was deemed important to help emphasize the dialogue between the office showroom building on
he second approach was to explore positioning the towers in a manner which would
conceal or “Hide” the middle neighbor. Although relate to each other better, this option was quickly would have been communicated by being un-
sought. This was immediately improved when the
strongly unified is critical to the “perceived” stature
moves became horizontal. The middle neighbor
of this project in Pazhou – which has a direct link
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receded appropriately into a backdrop and the
to how it is marketed and ultimately – its viability
moves were considered more in harmony to the
and success.
the larger surrounding facilities. However, with
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neighborly. he final approach was to “Utilize” the middle neighbor giving benefit to all parties by
promoting enough critical mass to compete against the middle neighbor already in construction, and the realization that its formal qualities were somewhat neutral in impression, efforts to create an even stronger dialogue between “1301” and “1401” was considered important.
was shifted further to the south due to fire fighting access regulations but has since become apparent
ship still seemed static and a stronger dialogue was
emphasize the middle-neighbor. Later the hotel
the desired relationships between the three build-
Pazhou perspective
rejected due to the insensitive impression which
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the west and the hotel on the east, as well as to de-
Rear View Pazhou Hotel
ings are still evident.
he vertical slices of the podium were initially taken through the towers which definitely
helped unify the two sites. However, the relation-
Pg. 24
Bottom view
“horizontality” of the surrounding context. hese horizontal elements were then accentuated through shifts; both small ones in the
north /south direction, and larger ones in the east / west direction which helped animate the buildings even within construction and budget limitations.
T
hese moves maximize a dialogue between the two sites likened to “static electricity”
leaping over the middle neighbor and providing a dynamic, unified and powerful expression of this exhibition complex. This overall reading of being
Human perspective
Pg. 25
WUHAN TOWER Project Name : Wuhan Research Tower Location : Wuhan, China Use : Office Building Bldg. Area: 1200m2 Gross Floor Area : 14800m2 Bldg. Scale : Stories above Ground, Stories below Ground Structure : Steel hollow section skeleton
Interior Rendering
Max. Height : 100m Exterior Finish : Prefab Aluminum Panels Architects : Advance Architecture Lab, Meta-. Advance Construction Information Development Project Team : Muwei, Sam Cho, Meta Client : Wuhan Shopping International Marine and Research Center Complete Year : June 2012, Tender Documents
Development building. Through Research of office
modification to arrive at the final geometry. This
towers typologies, we found that it is possible to the
geometry also allows for a balcony zone for each of-
esigned for a marine based company, the
perimeter of a quadrat fan profile as the plan of the
fice level. The structure is being considered early in
design by ACID (Advanced Construction
tower; this would take advantage of the view, light-
the design process and its relationship is modeled
ing, ventilation and layout of internal functions.
concurrently with the generation of the geometry,
D
Information Development Co., Ltd) + AaL (Advance Architecture Lab) + Studio méta- creates an iconic architectural representation of their day to day business. The architects were interested in a
CSIC Wuhan Tower
ing functions as the company’s new Research and
A
hence eliminated human error and speeded the en-
s the floor moves up vertically, the floors un-
tire coordination process.
dergoes two simple transformations namely
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frozen expression of twisting water and the idea of
scaling and rotation on the centroid of the build-
this movement with relation to the core business of
ing. Using criteria base programming, the building
eta Design (Hong Kong) is invited as a façade design consultant; the design inten-
their client.
is ensured of its minimum requirement for office
sion for the façade is taken to be a high priority for
L
width and optimum structural layout. The opera-
the expression of the building. Using prefabricated
ocated in the central region of china, Wu-
tions on the geometry are parametrically controlled
aluminum panel the designers take into considera-
han, the 461 tower is a 15 storey office build-
and the design went through vigorous rounds of
tion of various way of using density and location of
Pg. 26
Structure for CSIC Tower
Pg. 27
holes to express a certain faรงade image. Ultimately the designer settled on using waves as an expression after several rounds of design to visualization tests.
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hrough rationalization and optimization in an early design process, the designers are
able to ensure the construction only results in a 20-30% increase in cost estimation from a typical tower office. Also the optimization of the skin faรงade has result with 80% of similar components prefabricated with typical panels processing.
Facade unroll Model view
Pg. 28
Pg. 29
Areial View Stadium
MUDIANJIAN STADIUM
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Swimming complex
udianJian Stadium is a project initialed by
Jian, famous for its production of fish is a growing
generate quick options to test and evaluate the sta-
our partners to put together design pack-
city on the north of China. The brief asked for an
diums outlook.
ages for 5 options for stadium complex in a third
iconic expression to reflect the city and we used ice
Complete Year : July, 2012
tied city in the northern part of China. The project
and fishes as a metaphor for the design of the sta-
include the design of a full size stadium, swimming
diums complex. Given an extremely tight timeline,
Architect: Sam, Qin Song, Muwei
complex and recreation center. The city, Mudian-
parametric tools and scripting are used to quickly
Project Name : Mudianjian Stadium
Nan Yuan
Location : MDJ, China
Client : Chinese Regional Government
Use : Recreation, Sport Project Team : Advance Architecture Lab, Zhong-
Pg. 30
Pg. 31
HK-SZ Boundary Crossing Facility
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he Principle strategy of this proposal is to inscribe an explicit, fluid connection between
A
Green network extends the podium to organize staff circulation, vehicular flows, and
two disjoined territories while maintaining the
strands of dramatic landscaping along the border
discrete identities of both. The spatial and tempo-
crossing. Temporal patterns of the subject’s move-
ral concepts driving this proposal are informed
ment articulate the material substance of this pro-
by the graphic qualities of traditional Chinese cal-
posal and augment the perception of spatial tran-
ligraphy, which exemplify the practice of dualism
sitions. The changing speeds of movement during
of space and time when articulated onto a two di-
the sequence of the border crossing experience are
mensional canvas. The proposal expresses the con-
translated into a series of associated tectonic com-
nection between these two cities, two geographies,
ponent asssmbles. Gradient fields of computation-
two systems, as a fluid transitional space, in which
ally porous and ephemeral in the fast zones. Space
the identifiable characteristics of each side are con-
in this proposal is not longer fixed and static, be-
currently associated yet distinguished. The Deep
coming as fluid as time.
HUman perspective
Section perspective
space of the BCF building is illuminated through the peeling away of a series of tectonic roof bands, flanked by two strokes of office volumes which hover above on either side of the passenger crossing. Given the two parallel yet divergent ecological, planning and political histories, the Hong Kong side is characterized primarily with wild protected landscapes and topographies, while the Shenzhen side is overwhelmingly artificial and urban. This proposal aims to synthesis the categories of the artificial and natural, through an emergent ecological paradigm, in which man made, ‘mineral’ urbanism is no longer conceived as in opposition with the natural, ‘biological’ environment, but rather fused as a symbiotic association of mobile dynamic forces hk-Sz BCF Arieal view
and interactions.
Areial View
Pg. 32
Pg. 33
Elevation/ section
HK-SZ Boundary Crossing Facility 2 Human View
The idea of linking and bridging two discrete entity is
India, Cherrapunji, which use as a bridge as it possible
use to tackle the linkage of two different characteristic
to grow horizontally instead of vertically. The nature
of locations namely Hong Kong and Shenzhen. The
element form is used and conceives both as structure
connection of urban fabric and pace of movement is
and space, allowing light, people, energy to flow
considered to be a possible expression for the crossing
through, creating a frozen moment of movement.
facility. Using morphing technic of time and space, the form of the building is inspired by a type of tree in
Pg. 34
Pg. 35
View from Road
Areial View
Detail View
arts center off Pushkin Square in Moscow, Russia,
derstood with one’s first glance at the dynamic pink
mances inside and the steady stream of pedestrian
it has evidently been conceived with a great deal of
structure, formed of a complex tectonic envelope
circulation throughout.
Pushkinsky Cinema 是一个PUSHKINSKY戏院的方案。在
这
斯科的主要地标之一。崭新的立面设计更加凸
这个方案里，我们把整个莫斯科城想
显了该戏院在表演、表现方面的可识别性，体
象成一个完整的有机体，而PUSHKINSKY戏院
现了对观众的友好欢迎，而表面的纹理就好像
则是这个生命体跳动的心脏，象征着莫斯科的
氧气流入这颗【心脏】的主次动脉一般。面对
壳，也是一种崭新的建筑结构。
T
he dream of any architect might be to build a heart.
and defined by an elaborate texture of weblike arte-
structure to become the cultural core of a city --
rial lines. Designed by Sam Cho, Jonathan Alotto
a goal which ‘The Veins’ Pushkinsky Cinema strives
Q
精神和激情。PUSHKINSKY戏院在俄罗斯电影
PUSHKIN广场的一面是混合着暖绿色和红色光
业的发展史上具有显著而重要的地位，而它在
泽的入口，营造了红地毯一般的华贵和温暖。
to attain through the infusion of great strength in
PUSHKIN广场交叉口的位置更使得了它成为莫
血脉一般的结构装点着PUSHKINSKY剧场的外
symbolism. As a competition submission for a new the human heart. This comparison can be easily un-
Pg. 36
uite literally, the monumental public edifice
and Jaenes Bong, ‘The Veins’ Pushkinsky Cinema
is meant to visually and functionally mimic
proposal is alive and pumping with the perfor-
Pg. 37
Taiwan Tower
T
aiwan Tower in Taizhong is a competition held by the government. The brief required a viewing
tower that represents the spirit of TaiZhong. In the basement is a museum for the local art and crafts, lights penetrates the ground and give the museum a ‘cave’ like feeling. The landscape is crafted and morphed with the form of the tower, creating a viewing café. The section of the tower shows the ‘X’ profile which forms the main expression of the tower. The world longest escalator would take you up the landscape of the viewing platform.
T
he tower use Chinese calligraphy to digitally apply to the tectonic of the skin. This allows for
as expression for Taizhong. Be spoken script is wrote to enhance the design and model of the structure in 3D.
Taiwan Tower
Pg. 38
Pg. 39
GENERATIVE BAMBOO HOUSE Project Name : Generative Bamboo House Location : HUST, Wuhan Use : Recreation Gross Floor Area : 50m2 Structure : Glue Bamboo Max. Height : 6m Exterior Finish : Aluminum Panel Architects : Advance Architectural Lab Project Team : Muwei, Sam Cho, Zhou Chow Client : AAL, HUST Complete Year : 2012 Photo by : Canon Li
C
hina, one of the fastest growing countries, faces fierce demand for mass public housing
research with digital research in generative
and emergency relieve housing. The energy waste,
approaches in the design of bamboo-housing ty-
deforestation and material wastage in the construc-
pologies. To facilitate a “design-it-yourself ” design
tion industry place a big challenge in the future
to construction process that is fully automated,
development of China cities. This unprecedented
providing a sustainable, versatile, and rapid instant
growth in demand call for the search for a fast, sus-
housing typology for the general masses.
tainable, reliable and mass customizable housing made readily available to the access of the masses.
W
First prototype Bamboo house
T
his research combines a bamboo material
“
Glued bamboo prefabricated construction system”, developed by the Advanced Architecture
ith variations of contexts, climates and
Lab (AAL) together with the bamboo institute of
locations, the generative bamboo house
the Chinese Academy of Forestry. The Glue-bam
need to reach a set of solutions (fabrication data)
investigation is a three years long research project
that is task-specific and geological specific reacting
in Huazhong University of Science and Technology
to the users’ primary inputs and needs.
Advanced Architecture Lab. Integrating computa-
Rendering
tional design application with material to achieve
Pg. 40
Pg. 41
DIY housing through parametric computational aid designing, bringing designers closer to its client.
S
implicity and convenience is given a high priority
T
he Project aims to transform the rich bam-
for the programming of the generative bamboo
boo resource in China into the industrialized
house. The app (on i-pad) is perceived to be a simple
building structure material. “Glued bamboo pre-
drawing program that can be generated into fabrica-
fabricated construction system” advocates a social
tion data which can be ordered through online plat-
design, social produce solution and a customizable
form.
construction system upon prefabrication.
F
or our first prototype, the single housing typol-
A
s one of the fastest-growing plant on Earth,
ogy, the user input is two basic polyline, one is
Bamboo is a vernacular material commonly
the profile section of the house and the other is a plan
used by the Chinese. Notable for its economic and
curve of the fringe of the building. The programming
cultural significance, bamboo could be groomed
background would optimize structural requirement,
in various climatic conditions, providing a versa-
number and location of screws, distance and location
tile, reliable, sustainable raw material as a building
of frame members, component and mass-fabrication
product. Our research partners, the bamboo insti-
of similar components.
tute of the Chinese Academy of Forestry, specialize in glued bamboo board concluded that the material embedded energy is 2300MJ lower and carbon di-
B
uild mainly by student volunteers, the First Prototype of the generative bamboo house is com-
oxide is 370kg lower per meter square than typical
pleted in 25 days with simple tools like screws, ham-
reinforced concrete system. Through a systematic
mer and drills. The material cost is significantly lower
treatment of airing, hot/cold pressing, heating and
at approximately 100,000 RMB (not including labor
high pressure gluing, the bamboo board is structur-
cost). Some lessons we learn from this construction is
ally stable, passing the JAS (日本农林标准).
the optimization in detailing, a more logical construc-
U
tion sequencing, linking parametric model with BIM
nderstanding the different needs and con-
to control on site construction, and possibility of pre-
siderations of the context, constrains and
fabrication with laser cutting would fasten the process
functions guides us to create specific typology for the generative bamboo housing. The Bamboo Single House for the rich, Incremental Bamboo House
Interior View
pologies AAL identify and aims to tackle.
and lessen mistakes.
T
he First Prototype is a beta version of the single family houses; we plan to add more complexity
for the extension of row houses, Emergency Bam-
like toilet, double flooring to push the typology more
boo House for emergency needs, High Density
attractive for the general public.
Bamboo House for alternative addition for high
Entrance view
density cities like Hong Kong are four housing ty-
Pg. 42
Pg. 43
S- CHAIR Project Name : S-Chair Interior Clinic Location : WanChai, Hong Kong Use : Clinic, Interior Gross Floor Area : Approx. 80m2 Bldg. Scale : Completed Architects : Project Team : David Fung, Sam Cho Chung Man Client : Mr Lee Clinic, Wan Chai, Hong Kong Complete Year : April, 2012 Photo by : David Fung
V-Ray Rendering
T
he project S-Chair is a project collaboration with David Fung, the current vice president
T
he highlight of the interior design lies mainly in the design, fabrication and construction
prevent overhang and excessive material wastage.
A
P
arametric computational tools are used to test and visualize the design to optimized and
box is constructed for the 340+ sections to
investigate constructability of the chair. The Chair,
be sits on and each section is being cut at
compromise of 340+ pieces of wood are assembled
the box height to simulate as a movement joint as
without a single pieces of printed paper and within
of HKIBIM. The client is interested in creating
of the S-Chair. The decision to make slices through
a special entrance to his new clinic in Wan Chai.
the employment of CNC machine is made early in
The project including the Chair has a total area of
the design stage as other options like GRG seems to
80Meter square. The Entrance, a relatively narrow
be too expansive. The chair has a very sexy outlook
well as for optimization of material. Double layer
the client budget.
and long space has to fulfill basic requirement for
as the complex geometry seems to be morphing out
skin is use to create a zigzag effect for the geom-
patients waiting.
and into the wall, welcoming patients and visitors
etry. The total material saving for this decision is
to sit. The basic of ergonomic is use when designing
about 40% and this does not affect the outlook of
the chair so that different posture is allow on the
the chair. Each section is filed and liquored to fin-
chair. Each section is cut at 45 degree to the wall to
ish.
S-chair
Pg. 44
Pg. 45
机器材料性国际工作营 Digital Materiality, HUST
2
011年4月29日～5月6日，华中科技大学建
T
he International Conference on Machinery
University of Technology and science and co-or-
and Materials, initialize a wave of movement
ganized by various universities, is a pioneer event
国际会议暨国际学生工作营。所谓数字建构，
in linking architecture to computation in central
in this region of China. The workshop was a five
旨在用建构的观点去理解和看待数字生产技术
part of China. The workshop, hosted in Hauzhong
days intensive training and production follow by
筑与城市规划学院联合华南理工大学、湖
南大学、广州美术学院主办了“机器材料性”
international conference by top practitioners, professors, architects and researchers to share and deliver the message of a new era of digital architecture to this region of China.
条件下，建筑的内在逻辑和新的形式美学。本 次活动提供了探讨建筑学和数字设计技术关系 的平台，材料的数字性新表达成为研究重点。
本
次活动由国际会议和国际学生工作营 两部分组成：“机器材料性”国际会
议邀请国内外知名学者、建筑师进行主题讲 座；国际学生工作营将来自四校的80名学生分 为5个主题教学团队，每个主题团队以“数字 建构材料实验”为研究方向，独立设置训练营 题目，在6天内完成从概念设计到大尺度装置 的建造。
“
机器材料性”国际会议于2011年5月5 日举行，会议由刘小虎、穆威主持，讲
座题目分别为：材料多维性的建构实践（袁 烽）、参数化思维方法（王振飞）、Parametric Ecologies（徐丰）、From Virtual to Actual（Raymond Lau）、Computational Urbanism: Confronting the Paradox of Endurance, Change& Obsolescence（Tom Verebes） 、三种建构：传统建构—算法生成—数控加工 （徐卫国）。
Paper origami
Pg. 46
paper origami
Pg. 47
T
he 1:1 scaled model, named the Face, is an ar-
chitecture surface that constructed at the end
D
uring the workshop participants learned the importance of stepping back from the
of the five days workshop. The Function of the sur-
computer and understand the constrains of the ma-
face is flexible, for example it could be a table, chair,
terials and real world , this helps to have a better
wall, ceiling, etc. Building a 1:1 scale model push
knowledge of how you need to use digital tools and
the limit of integration of digital tools and physical
take this consideration into early faces of design to
model, as several uncalculated focuses like gravity,
have much better results.
tension, wind, etc added stress to the connection detail of the basic paper unit.
T
he explorations of digital tools to mimic, analyze, visualize, and predict the constructabil-
ity of the model was an important lesson learned during the workshop. A wide range of programs were used during the workshop like grasshopper, rhino, maya, processing,rhinoscript, freeform origami, realflow, tess, Xfrog, paracloud, kangaroo, etc.
Paper Origami
Paper arch
Pg. 48
Pg. 49
SZU PARAMETRIC METHODOLOGY
T
his pavilion should be an icon of the parametric movement in SZU, located at the
prime location of the department. It represents an atypical and unusual construction techniques that exhibit the superior technical knowledge through a research and exploration methodology. The pavilion should consider in a holistic manner from conceptual idea to digital modeling until on-site construction. The pavilion should be planned in such a manner that is feasible, site-specific and possible with the available resources and timeline. Students are expected to lead and propose the actual function of the pavilion so to benefit the general public.
T
he SZU pavilion is the result of a semester long module collaborated between HKPDA
and Shenzhen University. Bending gracefully in the atrium space of SZU, the pavilion lasted a weeklong deal to typhoon,
T
he geometry is generated through kangaroo, a force simulation software, to investigate on
a force effective geometry balancing tension and compression. The surface is then textured with parametric component using triangular forces.
SZU pavilion
Construction stage
Pg. 50
Interlocking element
Pg. 51
HKPDA Wuhan Workshop
武
汉大学“2012参数化设计建造”工作 营探讨了如何在数字化条件下利用数
字技术进行建构研究的可能性，通过工作营中 两个具有代表性的设计案例，分析了利用自上 而下与自下而上两种不同设计模式下的设计成 果所带来的区别，分析了数字化建构教学中的 特点和可能存在的问题。利用数字化技术进行 建构教学实验，可以将结构创新、材料创新、 建造创新三者融为一体，为同类教学提出一些 思考。
2
012 Parametric Design-Build Workshop in Wuhan University is held to discuss how to
conduct research of digital tectonics under a digital condition. Through two major works in this workshop, it analyzes the basic differences between top-down model and bottom-up model. It also presents the teaching characters in digital tectonics while some problems are found as well. It’s aimed to combine creativities in structure, material, and construction as a whole, and come up with some advises in the similar activities of digital tectonics.
Dragon Skin
Interlocking metal
Pg. 52
Pg. 53
Wooden component
Generative component
Pg. 54
Pg. 55
Naked Garden／赤裸花园
新的装置，而是以这个微生物的城市为设计对 象，为其提供菌类生物最需要的生命通道—— 更好的通风、水和更大的附着面。
项目概况
我
项目名称：Naked Garden／赤裸花园
人，在墙面上进行精度为1mm的切割，切割厚
建设地点：意大利博尔扎诺
度为墙体的一半，在局部结合参观者的观察视
业 主：Manifesta08
点利用水刀将墙体打穿。这个机器过程包含了
设计团队：穆威，Mercedes, Berta
两个含义：一是让设计越过图纸，借助数字语
设计时间：2008年4月～2008年7月
言直接传达给机器人，完成一次性同步建造；
建成时间：2008年7月
二是水刀的操作对象为斑驳的墙体，深凹的刻
工 具：水刀机器人
痕、水分的补充和局部打穿的通道重新刺激了
们提取显微镜下菌类生物的繁殖轨迹 作为图案，将图纸输送给水刀机器
菌类生物的生长。
该
项目源于受邀参加2008年的Manifes-
期的废弃兵工厂，策展方希望邀请艺术家和建
放
筑师参与其中，将其改造成新的艺术中心。
留和水刀机器人的使用类似国画艺术中的“洗
ta08展览。场地位于一个墨索里尼时
大的菌类微生物繁殖轨迹图案暗示了 设计的目的性，而对于斑驳墙体的保
炼”，是一种东方设计观念的传达。
荒
废了60年，兵工厂已被蓝藻一类的微 生物和真菌等以寄生的方式占领，改
造将让它作为特殊栖息地和宿主建筑的临时状 态不复存在。原本菌类生物栖息的花园从漫长 的过渡状态中呈现出来。
这
个时间性的生物过程成为设计的原 点，我们尝试探讨东西方文化语境中
对“时间痕迹（the trace of time）”差异性 态度的思辨。与其他所有欧洲设计师第一时间 选择清理地面和墙面作为工作的开始不同，我 认为在过去的半个世纪里，这个废弃建筑的使 用者已经不是人类而是这些寄居的菌类生物， 它们在墙面上经营出了自己的生活空间，按照 Naked Garden
生命法则规划了自己的微型城市。出于对场地
RObotic arm
和历史的尊重，我们的工作重点不再是设计
Pg. 56
Pg. 57
Weaving Wave／风竹
该
装置的动机非常清晰——作为建筑系 馆的入口屏风。因为系馆为20世纪80
年代的建筑，略显硬朗的空间缺乏亲和力，所 以我们选择胶合竹板作为材料，加之系馆内部 空间均为规整矩形，缺乏弧线元素，我们选择 风吹起丝绸的动作作为屏风的形态生成逻辑。
在
设计过程中，我们结合胶合竹板的力 学性能，采用切片法来获得最终的构
造形态，同时精心设计切片的旋转角度，让形 体在视线的运动中获得动态的视觉效果。
装
置的物理呈现有两个机器过程：一是 将原竹切片编织，热压形成工业化模
数的板材；二是通过数控切割机将胶合竹板切 割成设计需要的形状。
HUST bamboo wave
HUST bamboo wave
Pg. 58
Pg. 59
Position
“Stay hungry Stay foolish”
Associate Professor (foreign) (HUst) Technical Director (ACID) Head of Parametric (aedas HK) Board member (Digital community China)
-Job SKILL
PUBLICATIONS Pg. 60
Rhinoceros grasshopper Scripting Revit Maya
Monkey 3D printing x Code adobe master collection processing etc
纸张材料性与参数化技术 New Architecture Wuhan Tower Archidaily HUST Suckerpunch 数字化建构实验
Pg. 61
Pg. 62