Portfoilios 2011

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HARBOUR CITY | BLUE SPACE . EXPLORING BLUESPACE . BRING HARBOUR INTO CITY HARBOURFRONT=DEADEND AND DISJUNTED SPACE FOR LEISURE ACTIVITY? HOW IT COULD BE TRANSFORMED INTO AN INTEGRATED WHOLE? SUCH THAT A CIVIC CENTRIC HARBOUR WOULD BE ENHANCED BY DIFFERENT HARBOURFRONTS? the vision is to make the entire Victoria Hartbour and its neighbourhood districts a holistic whole. With better water transport, more integration of city and harbourfront area and greater enhancement on place quality of the edge. It is opposite to the greenaries approach where edge is monotonous and interconnected.

highly enclosed development low water proximity

vehicular bypass

MI

SS

? >

IN

G New Development in Hyper-Density Wall Effect

Lack of Marine Activities Heavy Vechnicular Occupance Underutilized Wateredges covered by Highway

HK

Heavy TrafÀc

VICTORIA HARBOUR

Poor Accessiblity to Waterfront Lack of Visual Corridors

Lack of Active Streetfront

KLN

InsufÀcient Open Space Privatization of Coastal Space

Opportunities

no active streetfront

Cultural Amenities

Water Networks

privateyard

low walkabilities

Open Space

INTERCONNECTED GREEN

the research scopes start from the typical MTR-centered spine to the edge. It aims at proposing another attractive force at edge to diverge the city intensity at core and produce supplimentary centrality of the Harbour.

INTEGRATED GREEN

?

thus, when more inter-coastal connection are made as cleaner and ecologically transport, the harbour circulation along edge would be a large maritime space with loop of transports and speciÀc places of staying than a vacant backyard void.

CURRENT

PROPOSED

quick Àx on waterfront

Research Scope

The thesis critique to current approach of developing harbourfront, as a isolated promenade to interconnect different shore. However, with poor connectivity to the inland city and programmatic space, the resulting greeneries would be passive and monotonous to each district .

kln.p

It propose an integrative green approach, to reinvestigate the possibility of re-intervering the exisiting city Áow and greeneries, to form patches of sociable programme, as activating green which is differentiated from each district and region so as to bring forward the front of harbour rather than leisure backyard.

hk.i Infrastructure-centered Cityscapes

HARBOURFRONT AS INTEGRATIVE GREEN

VICTORIA HARBOUR AS VISUAL FRONTAGE

-water engagement -programmatic social space -walkable green network

-differentiated character on each district -high visibility and accessibility -the Harbour as one large maritime space

Proposed Victoria Harbour Loop

LEARNING FROM 4 WATER CULTURES, INFRASTRUCTURAL DIFFERENCES AFFECT WATER CULTURES

01

LIVING HK RESORT RESIDENTS ON LAND VIEWING THE VOID AS WAY OF ESCAPE FROM CITY

Living Style

FISHERIES NEIGHBOURHOOD SELF-SUFFICIENT AMPHIBIOUS LIFESTYLES OF FISHING AND SALT-MAKING

Mentality Living Style

?

an off-work escape and relief away from the bustle and hustle of city, forward-looking to the opposite side cityscapes, such that the blue space provides a relaxed void in the high density city (together with the sky)

02

SEA VOYAGE PIRATES, NAVIGATORS, NAVIES, WORRIERS IN EXPLORATORY NAVIGRATION

Mentality

ISLANDS CHANNELS 03 COHABITING CLOSE COMMUNITY OF FARMERS AND HUNTERS NEIGHBOURHOOD WITH INTENSIVE SHARING OF04 RESOURCES FLOATING TRADE SHOPS OF TRADERS, MERCHANTS, FARMERS

Mentality

Mentality

Living Style

water as Áuid of exchanges together, as spine to a typical trading city life for primary goods

littoral community uses the frequent transient space of live on coast and work at sea, bluespace is then a treasure of livilihood and land as the return of homage

littoral community uses the frequent transient space of live on coast and work at sea, bluespace is then a treasure of livilihood and land as the return of homage

an exploratory yet harsh living purely on sea confronting natural disasters and limited resources new discoveries of land spaces into unknown territories

Mentality

Living Style

Living Style

harbour =visual void in escape of density

DIFFERFIATING 9 TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACES (FLOW AND MOVEMENT, FABRICS, VIEW AND USE)

Leveem, River delta

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

01

02

CRITERIAS

pocket sheltered land shape, static water close intercoastal distance

spine sp spin pine

ACTIVITIES

FORM & PRINCIPLES linear Áow - logistic efÀciency

Travelling, Riding, Sightseeing, Transporting

For Transportation Based on Ciruculation EfÀciency

ACTIVITIES Mooring, Fishing, Berthing

>

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

03 FORM & PRINCIPLES sea pocket - protectivness For Anchoraging Vessels Based on Shelter Protectiveness

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

04

Harbour Arenas = ARENA

CRITERIAS

FORM & PRINCIPLES sea surface - visual focus

visible sea surface long and deep frontage land convergence

For Leisure Demand Based on Openess of Marine Space

ACTIVITIES

Beaches = PARK

CRITERIAS

FORM & PRINCIPLES land-sea interfaces - natural preserve

silt interface sendimentation constructive wave

For Leisure Demand Based on Natural Formation

ACTIVITIES

Cross-harbour swimming, Dragon boat race, American cup yatch, Canoeing

Swimming, Water Playing, Sunbathing

Key Interfaces of land.sea The Maritime Highway is analogous to infrastructure in the city, where logistic efÀciency of maritime transport is signiÀcant. The larger the ship size, the higher the capacity of the Áow of goods or passengers. It is a type without strong attachment to land. The water current pushes the overall Áow. Naturally they are formed by geographical relief and is varied in condition in wind amptitude and water depth. Strong navigation control is needed for the large maritime space where there is no signiÀcant landmark or structure.

WHAT MAKES A HARBOUR CITY ? RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CHANNELS, MARINE, COASTAL, TOPO, FABRIC... TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

05

Fleets at Anchor = QUARTER

f

Maritime Highway = INFRASTRUCTURE

Flow of Goods, Depth of Water, Flatness of Land

Topo

bay,quay

Lanndds La sccaappee Clif

FFabric abri abric b ic

DEAD.END A D

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

CRITERIAS

highway i ig ay

kln.pp

INTERFACING N

ht htide

littoral.littoral l ltide

Proposed dV Victoria Harbour Loo Loop Lo oop

reclamation re e m

Fabric/Landscape ric/Landscape

land-sea edge

hk..i

land to o seaa Àlter e

Fabric ri

hub port

interface e a e

land la nd

.waterfront.waterfront

marine rin coastal coasta

Research Scope

channel

06

CRITERIAS

FORM & PRINCIPLES Ànger | edge to water

sharp water edge static wave supportive road network on land

For Connectivity Based on rich assessiblity

ACTIVITIES

07

Containers =BLOCK

CRITERIAS

FORM & PRINCIPLES extensive Áatland | logistic connectivity and accessibility

extensive Áatland deep and stable water

CRITERIAS

FORM & PRINCIPLES channels | Áow of goods

close distance crossings shallow water

View and Favourable Living (e.g. Resort Living) Based on Open View or Vast Naviagation

09

CRITERIAS

FORM & PRINCIPLES Áoating land| spatial capacity to dock

water depth support repairment facilities extensive Áatland away from town

For Ship Repairment Based on Vessels Dockability

-Grand Canal Docks Dublin -Koop Van Zuid Rotterdam -Puerto Madero Buenos Aires

Waterfront Squares =SQUARE

CRITERIAS

FORM & PRINCIPLES courtyard open to sea | spatial porousity to openness

fronting to neighbourhood divergence to sea free walkable Àeld

For Public Civicities Based on AfÀnity to Neighbourhood

ACTIVITIES

Repairing , Abondoning, Spare-being, Ship Construction

Promenade walking, Sightseeing, Bird Watching

-Borneo Amsterdam -Ruoholahti Helsinki -Amphisbious Houses Middleburg

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

Beached Vessels =BLOCK BUILDING

ACTIVITIES

ACTIVITIES

Loding and Unloading, Storing, Transporting

-Queens Wharf Auckland C19 -Walsh Bay Sydney C19 -Hanuabada Port Moresby

08

Dock/Canals =SQUARE

Transport Necessity Based on Cargon Size

ACTIVITIES

Commuting, Travelling, Riding, Boat Dining

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

TYPOLOGICAL BLUESPACE

Piers and Jetties = STREET

-Bondi Beach Sydney -Copacabana Rio de Janeiro -The Palms Dubai

-Rio de Janeiro Harbour C19 -Hauraki Gulf Amercas Cup [00,03] -Velencia Amercas Cup [07]

-Sydney Cove C18 -San Franciso C19 -Aberdeen Harbour HK

-Baltic Sea, -Mediterranean Sea, -Hauraki Gulf

Enjoying public interaction, Walking and Having Food Feasts and Events

-Niantic San Francisco C19 -Ark Wellington C19 -Alang Gujarat

-Piazza San Marco Venice -Praca do Commercio Lisbon C18 -Largo do Paco Rio de Janerio C18


programme

elevated networks

traf¿ c hub

consumption n traf¿ c

link to airport Àngers to islands web as terminus

INTL PEOPLE CONNECTIONS

highway-dorminated

projecting linear pocket

The global business hub is typically set on coastal city. Tall structures are erected as visual exposure and advertises the corporate images of speciÀc investment company and shows pride to the important location. Elevated network of footbridges efÀciently bring people from the city metro to the sea. Piers to and from outleting islands are mostly communting point to corporate head for holidays except for business conference by the airport. The overall ground is vechicular dorminant, with different means of passenger transport. The highly air-conditioned towers and inward-looking shopping malls provides sufÀcient indoor space for people to enjoy seaview rather than engaged to the exposed ground of harbourfront area. Car park, bus stop and ferry piers are circulation nodes to the rest of the shores.

pier, ventilation building, car park, ofÀce-tower, mid-level housing

dorminating bluespace

piers

maritime highway

COASTAL SCENARIOS

LOCAL LIVING HUB

02 LOCAL LIVING HUB = NORTH POINT

medium quality living

quality public space

spine to neighbouring district enclaves to opposite shore grid spreads

WORKING PEOPLE TRANSPORT

street dorminated

spined and hub living to other coastal region fabric extension by reclamation

the local living hub is centered to the vechicular spine and neighbourhood scale street. Tall residential towers and block buildings are multiplying the viewing outward opportunities. Away from a lot to the harbourfront, piers forms the left and right wing of the square where bus stop or terminus are usually serving an open ground. There situated the nodes for citizen to wait and gather for social activities either locally or going to other shore. The 2 piers are important to the mostly residential district as a point of departure to go to Kowloon to work, especially in the 70s , when industrial buildings and secondary production are common. The piers extend its programme where fresh food and convenience store are inserted. The harbourfront here is a daily harbourfront , with peak hours in the morning and in the afternoon.

pier, street market, retail, apartment housing, ofÀce tower

dorminating bluespace

piers

waterfront squares

COASTAL SCENARIOS 05 RESORT-LIKE LUXURIOUS LIVING = MARINA COVE

quality living

quality living leisure

LIVING RESORT

public realm private enjoyment

PRIVATE OWNERSHIP OF WATER

driveway-dorminated

ameoba island

the ownership of yatch and marina is private to only the top few portion of wealth in Hong Kong. the heavily gated, managed and secured homeland to the wealth provides rich enviornment to nature. it is intimate to large greenaries and maritime space. Coastline is deÀned to serve a maximium of houses to engage with water from its privateyard. A central restaurant and clubbing facilities are made as visual orientation and visitor focus. The overall blockwalk and Áoating perception is enhanced by water waves.

private garden, villas, clubhouse, restaurants

sea-side garden frontages dock grid ameoba-like spine

dorminating bluespace

Áeers at anchors

dock/canals

COASTAL SCENARIOS

Áow

programme

07 CIVIC OPEN SPACE = 90S CENTRAL

$$

monuments monuments quality public space À ow of people

spine to neighbouring district

piers, civic hall, library, exhibition gallery, squares, legistlative council, ofÀce towers

enclaves to opposite shore

OPEN VIEW AND CIVIC REALM

grid spreads

opensquare axis per to coastline and monuments

road-dominated

the strong axis of landscape and open ground, opens up waterfront square and piazza to the harbourfront. with different rings of building and strong frontality of HSBC, the plaza is made centrally static and sea-directionally forwarded. it attracts public and promote civic realm , as both a place and a visual image. the reclamation project further set the axis into multiple waterfronts and enscribing inner water , in contrast to the further sea view

dorminating bluespace

piers & jetties

waterfront squares

CIVIC OPEN SPACE

SHOP

piers to outleting islands

COASTAL SCENARIOS

10 FISHING VILLAGE = ABERDEEN [LITTLE HK]

handy construction ¿ sh habitat public shelter easy anchorage

FREQUENT INTER-WATER-LAND ACCESS

waterway + organic dock grid

narrow embracing edgy shelter

surrounding by-pass

waterway, shelter, storage houses, apartment towers

waterway-dorminated

dorminating bluespace

canals/dock

Áeers at anchors

FISHING VILLAGE

D iconic structures

10 COASTAL SCENARIOS .10 VALUES OF HARBOURFRONT AREAS

GLOBAL BUSINESS HUB

01 GLOBAL BUSINESS HUB = IFC CENTRAL

COASTAL SCENARIOS 09 INTL EXHIBITION CENTRE = WANCHAI

$$

quality working $

recognizable icons

À ow of people

info

FORM-MAKING FOR INTL MEETING PLACE protruding artiÀcial pennisula

mtr to neighbouring district

exhibition centre, piers, piazza, ofÀce towers, apartment towers

side-piers + piazza the gigantic huge structure are visible from all angles as it sits on the protruding ground of the artiÀcially reclaimed pennisula. pier and harbourfront square is made to enhance the viewing experience. the overground connections is building an gradual experience of openness, from the high density city to the relatively low structure and exposed sea. as it serves as a landmark , the nearby buildings become more charged by pedestrian as it could be easier to recognize , by spatially relative to the landmark.

driveway-dorminated

sea-side driveway

dorminating bluespace

piers and jetties

Áow

COASTAL SCENARIOS

waterfront squares

GLOBAL CENTRE

Áow

COASTAL SCENARIOS

programme

08 LEISURE BEACHES = STANLEY

04 CONTAINER PORT = KWAI CHUNG

bay

BATCHING PROCESSING OF GOODS extensive Áatland

cradles, good-processing, storage houses, communication tower, vacant land for expansion, watch towers,

bypass to different districts straight pocket to opposite shore irregular mesh

WATER LEISURE AND OPEN VIEW naturally-formed sandbeach

bypass-dorminated the overall cargo-terminals are laid out in no man land, where there is extensive Áatland for reclamation and expansion. The intensive infrastructural network of highways serve the purpose of loading and unloading by 24/7 containers transport drivers. Nearby telcommunication tower, navigation control watchhouse and largest warehouses in the world are built for supporting the large cargo terminals. As cradles are mobile but heavy mechanical structures, they are mostly set invisible to the centre of the city and is located strategically at peripherals. The overall large pocket square of water actually aiming at wharf workshop and repairing and other starting off, drop by facilities. The containers are standardized in size and the overall layout are structure in grid xy system to maximize its efÀciency.

Áoating docks, boating storage, water activities centre, shopping mall, hotel, restaurants, resort villa

straight spine and hilly roads edgy coast to sea voyages

lane-dominated

dorminating bluespace dorminating bluespace

containers

beached vessels

beaches 03 INDUSTRIAL WORKING TOWN = MA TAU WAI

INDUSTRIAL TOWN

quality living villa

harbour areana

LEISURE BEACHES

enjoyment

06 CITY BACKEND SERVICES = ABERDEEN END

isolation À ow of goods water

production

dedicated driveway

INDUSTRIAL RAW MATERIAL LOGISTICS

dead-end spine straight edge dock to container port

industrial fabric polifereation, inner harbour to stablize abording goods to and from ship

road-dorminated storage house, factories, dormintary, [cattle depot], apartment housing

AWAY FROM OTHER ACTIVITIES FROM CITY deadend corner reclamation

roads-dorminated the industrial town relies on heavily maritime transport in coastal cargo working area for depot of raw materials or re-proecessing materials. The fabric is deÀned by a straight and wide way for vechicular transportation. Upon each buildings share little frontages of the whole spine and no sea view preference is made. The nearby-gas station also set near to water for water supply as coolent and other chemical processes. The no. of storey of the overall fabric is 7-8 without the installation of expensive lift. The factory cubicles are ventilated naturally by balcony and mechanical fans. Provision Car parking spaces at basement are rare due to maximization of economic value to build as quick as possible.

the water treatment facilities are set to be the deadend of city, where there is no public use. the isolation strategy provides dedicated driveway and security to the area. further reclamation is possible for expansion and water is available for reprocessing and decontamination

dorminating bluespace

beached vessels

dorminating bluespace

oil tanks, incinerators, pump stations, water treatment units

CITY SERVICES

CONTAINER PORT

quality living

À ow of goods logistics


HISTORY OF HARBOUR

 HISTORY  OF  VICTORIA  HARBOUR  ~  TOWARDS  MINIMAL  RECLAMATION,  LEISURE,  PUBLIC  AND  LANDSCAPE  HARBOUR  TO  BE  FORWARDED HISTORY OF HARBOUR

Sea Port Village Majorities live in Venacular Ships, Harbour as shelter area to house the ships at night or rest time.

Economic Development Industrial Development: Tai Po Industrial Estates Infrastructure: Kwai Chung Container Terminal 6,7,8, Tap Shek Kok Castle Peak Power Station, Lamma Power Station

Housing and Recreation:Victoria Park, Cheung Sha Wan New Town Development: Shatin-Ma On Sha, Tuen Mun, Tsuen Wan-Kwai Ching, Tai Po, Junk Bay

Establishment of Sea-port Trading 1840 Opium War made HK becomes British Colony as HK has a safe deep harbour for further operation 1842 HK marked a signiÀcant military and commercial coup. Maritime trading activity secured in safe harbour 1867 Àrst court case of Harbour reclamation at Central where government reclamation project faltered. 1922 Continous growth of Cargo trade, with majority of opium trade

,Q WKH RXWEUHDN RI WKH .RUHDQ :DU WULJJHUHG D 86 HPEDUJR RQ JRRGV RULJLQDWLQJ IURP &KLQD 7KH HPEDUJR KDG D VHULRXV LPSDFW RQ +RQJ .RQJ V HQWUHS{W WUDGH ZKLFK SOXPPHWHG IURP +. ELOOLRQ LQ WR +. PLOOLRQ LQ 7KLV WULJJHUV +. WR GHYHORS LWV RZQ LQGXVWU\ MANUFACTURING Â CENTRE Â FOR Â LIGHT Â INDUSTRIAL Â GOODS

1997

1986-1996 Reclamation to Restructure Economy to Service Industry Residential Development Tseun Wan , Tsing Yi Bay, Tseung Kwan O Ph 2, Hung Hom Bay

Reclamation to Support Post War Economy Take Off Economic development = Manufacturing Industries industries: North Point, Kwun Tong, Cheung Sha Wan and Tsuen Wan Infrastructure: Kai Tak Runway extension, Cargo Terminal

DORMINANT EDGE navigation channel and shelter for all kinds of vessels

FISHERMAN’S  VILLAGE

HISTORY OF HARBOUR

1986

coastal  settlement

1842

HISTORY OF HARBOUR

1946

Docks and Wharf Renewals Tai Koo Shing Docks and Hum Hom Docks North Point Power Station Wharf on Western side of Kowloon

HKSAR Handover

Infrastrcture for New Service Economy

1969 Sealand lauched its Àrst container shipping service to Hong Kong which replace typical fully-à edged deepwater container handling port in Victoria Harbour.

INTERNATIONAL Â FINANCIAL Â CENTRE

focus from New Towns to strategic development in Harbour (Territorial Development Strategy 1980-1984) relocate air port and Harbour reclamation to accomodate population growth in Study on Harbour Reclamation and Urban Growth (1981-83) reclamation of New AIrport and its infrastructural linkages to main urban area in Port and Airport Development Strategy (1988-89) renew old area by provide solution spaces on reclamation in Metroplan (1990-91)

1994 Habour  Area  Treatment  Scheme  launched

ENTREPOT Â FOR Â OPIUM Â AND Â OTHER Â GOODS

1997-2009 Objection to Reclamation and DensiĂ€cation of Waterfront Areas 1995 Society for Protection of Harbour Ltd Established 1996 17000 Citizens agreed to the Proposed Protection of Harbour Ordinance 1997 Enactment of the Protection of Harbour Ordinance Reclamation of Green Island, Kai Tak rejected 1998 Protest against Kai Tak and Tamar Reclaimation Lawsuit against Wan Chai North and Central Reclaimation 1999 amendment of the Protection of Harbour Ordinance 2003 Citizen Envisiong @ Harbour established 2004 Harbour-front Enhancement Committee established Lawsuit against Wan Chai North Reclaimation Govt faltered 2005 Lawsuit against Central Reclaimation Govt Win First Annual Harbour Day launched 2008 96 Stories Harbour City new plans approved 70 storeies New World Centre approved Height Restrictions protests for a better Tsim Sha Tsui Waterfront Cruise Terminal ““Diamond Princess”â€? no place for Victoria Harbour Govt Declaration on ““No more Reclamation”â€? within Victoria Harbour

landmark  &  icon

infasturctural  hubs dockland

DORMINANT EDGE corporate ofÀces

DORMINANT EDGE work | live infrastructural hubs

tourism  &  entertainment DORMINANT EDGE park and landscape

DORMINANT EDGE storage and transport port

Protection  of  Harbour  Ordinance  (Cap.  531)         "3.  Presumption  against  reclamation  of  the  harbour         (1)  The  harbour  is  to  be  protected  and  preserved  as  a  special  public  asset  and  a  natural  heritage  of  Hong  Kong  people,  and  for  that  purpose  there  shall  be  a  presumption  against  reclamation  of  the  harbour.         (2)  All  public  of¿  cers  and  public  bodies  shall  have  regard  to  the  principle  stated  in  subsection  (1)  for  guidance  in  the  exercise  of  any  powers  vested  in  them".

Opium War

Cargo Terminals at Whampoo Dockyard

HKCEC at Wan Chai

Cargo Working Area work | live intermodals cross harbour hubs

Union Square

Shun Tak, Regional Frieght Cargo Terminals at Kwai Chung

â€œâ€Ś  the  purpose  and  extent  of  each  proposed  reclamation  ought  to  be  individually  assessed  by  reference  to  the  three  tests  of  (1)  compelling  overriding  and  present  need,  (2)  no  viable  alternative  and  (3)  minimum  impairmentâ€?.

Typhoon Shelter

(Court of Final Appeal, 2004)

SOCIAL REALM Â HISTORY Â OF Â VICTORIA Â HARBOUR Â ~ Â TOWARDS Â MINIMAL Â RECLAMATION, Â LEISURE, Â PUBLIC Â AND Â LANDSCAPE Â HARBOUR Â TO Â BE Â FORWARDED

ATERBODY

SOCIAL REALM POCKET

Sydney

Vancouver

Amesterdam

NETWORK

The major public amenities and collective places are situated in the peripherals of the harbour. The harbour , although is sptially vacant and inactive, placed important social anchor to every Hong Kong citizen.

HARBOUR

ISLAND

HARBOUR

CANALS

Bilbao

PROMENADES

RIVER

coastal settlement

leisure & entertainment

dockland

Genoa

FINGERS

PORT

.Symbolize success & propsperity of Hong Kong

Venice

WATERWAYS

Shanghai RIVER

RIVER

Hong Kong BAYS/ISLAND HARBOUR WATERWAYS LEFT-OVER VOID THERE’’RE ONLY FEW HARBOUR IN THE WORLD

.ReĂ ect identity and physical well being of Hong Kong infasturctural hubs

.Sense of belonging and emotional welfare of the Public

...the results show that the Harbour plays a signiÀcant role in the eyes of the public, as congruent to the quantitative Àndings, vast majority of them agree that the Harbour is shared by all Hong Kong people, is valuable to them ...

landmark & icon

Habour Buesiness Forum, Publuc Opinion Survey on Victoria Harbour, Feb 2006

photo from Internet : Wikipedia.org , http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Victoria_harbour

 HISTORY  OF  VICTORIA  HARBOUR  ~  TOWARDS  MINIMAL  RECLAMATION,  LEISURE,  PUBLIC  AND  LANDSCAPE  HARBOUR  TO  BE  FORWARDED

GUIDELINES FOR A SUSTAINABLE HONG KONG HARBOUR

GUIDELINES FOR A SUSTAINABLE HONG KONG HARBOUR

GUIDELINES FOR A SUSTAINABLE HONG KONG HARBOUR B1.1_encourage_activiteis_derive_special_value_from_suc A1.1_Provide_Public_Access_through_All_Corridors

A1.2_Promote_Pedrestrian_Choice_of_Access

A1.3_Accomodate_Slow_Calm_VAcess_to_Waterfront

A1.4_Visual_Anchors_to_Guide_Pedrestrians_to_Waterfron

A1.5_Ensure_High_Frequency_of_Access_Corridors_along

A1.6_Ensure_Connectivities_to_Public_Transportation

A1.7_Improved_Access_from_the_sea

A2.1_Take_Advantage_of_Openess_for_Waterfront_Actviti

A2.2_Encourage_Uses_that_Maintain_activity_throuhgot_D

A2.3_Ensure_a_sense_of_security

A2.4_Ensure_Access_for_All_user_group

A3.1_Ensure_a_connected_promenade

A3.2_Provide_Diversity_of_Promenade_Character

A3.3_Encourage_Access_to_the_waterfront

A3.4_Activate_Promenade_edges

B1.2_provide_public_oriented_inrafrastructure_that_suppo

B1.4_create_visual_stimulation_on_waterfront

B2.2_harbur_wide_contribution_toHKimage

B2.4_protect_view_to_the_ridgelines

B1.5_ensure_that_water_related_uses_maintain_direct_ac

B2.5_create_unique_water_address

B2.5_create_unique_water_address_a

E1.1_demand_high_qaulity_design

E1.2_distinguish_districts_with_focal_landmark

E1.3_capture_and_enhance_geographic_heritage

E1.4_complement_neighbouring_districts

E1.5_infuse_histroci_presevation_and_reuse

E1.6_rehabilitate_natural_and_native_shoreline

E1.8_protect_harbour_from_runoff

E2.1_minmize_infrastructure_and_utilixzies_on_waterfront

E2.2_reduce_vehicular_traffic_at_waterfront

E2.3_encourage_narrow_roadway_designs

E2.4_decreate_the_protportion_of_hardscape_on_waterfro

E2.5_downplay_the_built_enviornment_at_wateredge

E2.6_avoid_elevatedroads, tunnels that ventilate

E2.7_hide_visual_blight

E3.1_extend_sense_of_harbour_into_district

E3.2_concentrate_buildings_of_similar_heights_in)clusters

E3.3_ensure_frequent_and_spacious_street_level_views

E3.4_protect_existing_views_of_open_water_for_line_distri

E3.5_openess_and_sense_of_escape

E3.6_reinforce_harbour_facade_character_as_frames

B2.6_reflect_district_identity_with_compatible_uses_and_

Retrived from http://www.harbourbusinessforum.com/en-us/page/show/ report_sustainable A3.5_Avoid_interruptions_to_the_Promenade

A3.6_protect_human_scale_of_waterfront_experience

A3.7_Vary_setback_of_buildings_according_to_uses

B3.1_creating_multi-­vist_destinations

Retrived from http://www.harbourbusinessforum.com/en-us/page/show/ report_sustainable

B3.2_locate_special_land_uses_to_minimize_required_infr

B3.3_balance_identity_of_districts

Retrived from http://www.harbourbusinessforum.com/en-us/page/show/ report_sustainable

?


HK Strategy Scope: Housing, Energy, Parks, Waterfront and Beaches, Infrastructure, City Life

Visions on HK (Hong Kong Power,The Why Factory, 2008) [Method] attitudes towards harbour ? urban issue v/x urban impact ...apprasials

x Urban Privacy [Sky Coastlink] ? Disconnected Pencil Tower ... Common Second Ground

[Raising Landscapes] ? Inactive Green Backdrops

Disjunction Disconnected Plot

Walkable Networks v Better Accessiblities

Sky Corridor

Open View

Green Backdrops

Programmatic Green More views to waterfront More Active Green

Green IntensiÀer

[Public Programme Extension] x Small Social Footprint ? Monolithic Residential Coast x High Land Value on Up ... Linked Social Building

[Continuous Territories] ? Lack of Inner City Green

x Heavy ArtiÀcial Nature x Disturbance to Sea Channel ... Perforated Green/Blue

flow

InÀllable Void

Void Residential Waterfront

x Heavy ArtiÀcial Nature ... Programmatic Landscape Mass

Vacant Blue Void

Social Waterfront v More Active Programmes

Tower Revolution

Programmatic Central BG Wetland More Open Green, Better Ecology Better Central City Life

HK Dams [New Residential Type Replacement] ? Blocked View x Massive Scale x Heavy Ground Shading ... Perforated Roof

[Speculative Image , Water Feature] ? Lack of Focus in the Harbour

x Disturbance to Sea Channel x Ecology ... Better Location/Orientation

Void Vacant Blue Void

Spacious Open View Blocked Harbour View

Perforated Harbour View v Better Inland Open View

Seaview Galore [Floating Objects] Exposed Water Resources

HK Waterfall [Programmatic Links] ? Disjunction between Islands ? Inactive Marine Void

x Socially Inactive x Purly Functional ... Mixed Programme | Work ... Linked to Islands, Port

Central Focus | Vista v More Tourist Value v Better Sense of Belongings v Better Marine Engagement

x Disturbance to Sea Channel x Ecology ... Better Location/Orientation

Marine Activities Void to Receive Sunlight No Energy Energy Better Sustainable Energy

Energy Island

DESIGN RESOLUTION

Inactive Marine Void

HK Bridge

Active Marine Space Better Intercoastal Linkages Better Marine Engagement

programme

Morphological ReconÀguration

Shore Transformation | Barcelona

Olympic Village as extension of Avingua Carles 20ha with 1200 dwellings. 1/3 affordable housing A marina and 2 Áagship buildings. Maxi-block system with reference to urban morphology in Eixample

coastal settlement coastal settlement

5 Street Blocks near Poblenou Passeig del Taulat street as old and new transition along 5 street blocks on the waterfront replaced abondoned factories 1/3 affordable housing different types of open street blocks with communal landscaped space in the interior of the block. Housing taken Initial form of Eixample

dockland dockland

port began to expand in west; construction of railway along coast in 19th century further attracted industry, cutting city from water Diagonal-Mar 30ha industrial site replaced by Inward-looking shopping centre using Open city patterns,, Apartment blocks around a large park. Meeting places, recreation and leisure, Forum of Cultures 2004 - 1/2 months event

-sunkening trafÀc and carparking space to underground - change railway line to inland from coast - 5km urban beaches, protected by waterbreakers that adopt modular system of Cerdas ’ grid. - new access of private mobility and public transport. by completing streets and avenues in this sector, such as the Diagonals and Avinguda Icaria.

a

c

open space

landmark & icon landmark & icon

>

b

infra. hub infasturctural hubs

leisure & open space

public bldg


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parameters typology Issue

design tactics

methodology

parameters typology Issue

design tactics

methodology

design parameters

tactics

typology Issue

methodology

2015

11

0

0.2

0.4

1km


Songgan Factory Types

20 20

21

INDUSTRIAL TYPOLOGY

22 22

23


50 50

Field Line Adaptation

Existing F.O.C.G. Mesh

MOVEMENT

Strategic Transformation

Intentional Mesh

Existing F.O.C.G. Mesh

Intentional Mesh

Field Line Adaptation

Strategic Transformation

Existing F.O.C.G. Mesh

48 48

ENVIRONMENT

Intentional Mesh

Field Line Adaptation

Strategic Transformation

49

COMMUNITY


5 Policies Composite

+

+

+

+

=

1.Industry + 2.Habitation + 3.Environment + 4.Community + 5.Movement = Transformative Urban Strategy

Existing F.O.C.G. Mesh

Intentional Mesh

Field Line Adaptation

Strategic Transformation

Existing F.O.C.G. Mesh

46 46

5 Urban Policies | Master Planning

Intentional Mesh

Field Line Adaptation

Strategic Transformation

47

INDUSTRY

HABITATION


63


Phasing | Stages of Implementation PHASE 1

-­ Re-­Organizing Mass -­ Connecting the City with a Walkable Path 5H 'H¿QLQJ WKH +LJKZD\ *

64

PHASE 3

PHASE 2

-­ Creating open space and urban courtyard -­ Residential Expansion

-­ Industrial transformation -­ New industrial types are envloved from older fabric to sustain income to city -­ Industrial types adapt to change and are able to renew or mutable to other non-­industrial types without mass demolition -­ New Industry should be clean, high in value chain and nenewable for mix use

PHASE 4

-­ Re-­Distributing mass to break down isolation -­ Introducing mix-­use programs -­ Adding a light-­rial network

66 65

11 Tactics | Urban Transformation

SHAPING URBAN COURTYARD TO GENERATE NEW CITYSCAPE

67


Before & After

industrial displine landscape strategies

Contextual Creteria

Industrial Discipline

Typological Creteria scale

labour from dorm

electronics

labour from village

light metal

local consumption

food & beverage

external consumption

textile

logistic network

leather & feather

temporary open space

wood, timber, bamboo

local investment

furniture and utilities

external investment

health care product, medicine

rthymn

architectural typology contextual industrial consumption and production creteria

form

small

linear repetitive

medium

campus

large

standardized

cases

Unfolded Elevation (Partial)

0

Unfolded Elevation (Overall)

dorm linear small factories

dorm linear small factories

dorm linear small factories

standalone standardized

standalone standardized

standalone standardized

campus type

campus type

campus type

Ground Floor Plan

Ground Floor Plan

0

0

5

10

0

Upper Floor Plan

20m

10

20

40m

Upper Floor Plan

5

30

0

10

20m

60m

5

120m

10

0

20m

10

20

40m









White Clones This project proposes a new White House that challenges the forms of hierarchy and power represented by the current White House. The project highlights and exaggerates the conditions of multiplicity and dispersal by placing replicas of the White House along an expanding grid, diluting the power and centrality of the original White House.

white clones 1/5 reg.no 159


M-03

[

]

orthogonal grid

diagonal

shifting of axis

Multiplicity & Dispersal The projects extends the argument seen in the plan of Washington D.C. in which an equilibrium is maintained between PDA³ATL=J@=>HA³CNE@³ &ABBANOKJ ³=J@³PDA³ATPAJ@=>HA³@E=CKJ=H³ H !JB=JP ³³0DA³³>=H=J?A³>APSAAJ³&ABBANOKJ O³CNE@³=J@³ H !JB=JP O³@E=CKJ=HO³NAOQHPO³EJ³PDA³L=NPE?QH=N³MQ=HEPU³KB³PDA³LH=J³KB³3=ODEJCPKJ³ ³?D=N=?PANEVA@³>U³PDA³IQHPELHE?EPU³ of the centers of power and, simultaneously, the dispersal of these centers. The multiple White Houses play the grids off against the axes, blurring the distinctions between the homogeneous and the singular, the copy and the original, the ordinary and the monumental, the new and the old.

white clones 2/5 reg.no 159


ss

L

M

R

e

us

o eh

ce ac

it

wh

01 02

residential

03 04

ceremonial

05

official & institutional

ordina

ry car

access

06 07

recreational / visitor

08

ceremonial public access

09

programme

access

Voids The intersection allows the creation of a particular void underneath and/or adjacent to each clone. The resultant voids diverge by small degrees towards the Washington Monument and away from the central axis. The relationship between a clone and the void it engenders along the divergent axis of the Washington Monument is always unique.

white clones 3/5 reg.no 159


Grids & Diagonals view / entering the ground

when diagonal meets clone

junction of two diagonals

The project removes the old White House from view by topographic manipulation. The ground rises slowly and imperceptibly along the central axis of the original White House, reaching its maximum height at roof level, effectively removing the House from view, but not its flag! An intersection takes place at the nodes of the grid between the sloping ground, the diagonal paths, and the clone.

white clones 4/5 reg.no 159


+16.50

+16.20

+12.50 +10.20 +8.00 +4.50

+0.20

+0.20

0 1

2 3

5m

clone white house M-05

0 1

2 3

5m

existing white house M-03

+0.20

section / row M

+0.20

R-09

R-08

R-07

R-06

R-05

R-04

R-02

section / diagonals

+0.20

elevation / row R

Intersection The clones advance at grid rate along the central axis. The sloping ground intersects the replicating White Houses clones as they expand axially and laterally =S=U³BNKI³PDAEN³LNKCAJEPKN ³³!=?D³KB³PDAI³EO³>EOA?PA@³EJ³=³L=NPE?QH=N³S=U³>U³PDA³ OHKLEJC³CNKQJ@ ³³!=?D³KB³PDAI³=LLA=NO³=O³=J³EJ?KILHAPA³BN=CIAJP³KB³PDA³KNECEJ=H ³ which itself has become invisible.

white clones 5/5 reg.no 159


Publication

FiltrationA Graphical Dialogue with Donald Judd

This small book is an graphical reinterpretation of Donal Judd work, through different techniques employed, the book focus the abstract, geometrical, and phenomenal quality of Donald Judd, byitself it is a work of art also.


TO KWA WAN URBAN STUDY

terior Designer , Student , Worker and Elderly are identified and studied, as they are the dominant types of people in the area or are highly related to our focus of study (i.e. artists and

wa p Wan Urban Design

To Kwa Wan Road interior designer

Place means the spots that are frequently occupied by the chosen 7 groups of people in the mapping of People-Place. -

To Kwa Wan

1984 1975

student worker

elderly

City in this case is more neutrally as a field on which the texture 7 groups of people types under investigation

Ma Tau Kok Road

To Kwa Wan Aerial Photo

tistic twin in the district of To Kwa Wan, namely of g epot is the only artist village where artist can rent g e for their artistic creation, giving the place full of irbut at the same time does not make sufficient n of marketing. While for the interior strip, it is ack s, business model that manages to create its own d interior design industry in Hong Kong, but is he of stic input for the moment. Our thesis is, how can e, interior design strip and ii) the artistic value of artist Village, to supplement and enhance each ing them work together as an organic whole, and ocally strengthen the performance of each other. h are trying to achieve in this exercise of urban we n st Panoramas taken at various generic locations in To Kwa Wan fy n e n art designing, we tried to sensitively learn about see, what are the current situations that are not 1975 1984

hawker housewife

c e ly d ae:summary of an urban design project in To Kwa Photographic perceptual study on the route connecting interior design strip and Cattle us processes nd namely in the Assignment 1,2 and 3 Depot n into a corridor of high uniformity and linearity e e

1954

artist

There are a number of management issues that restraint the veyor of Government Property Agency, the Cattle Depot is still cess to the premises. Artists have to go through a considerable amount of administrative paper work and bureaucratic deals when they would like hold a public event inside. Meanwhile, the policy 3 months short-term rental contract largely limits the scale of projects, events and artistic work and creations of

Cultural Value

+

(cuhk u beat: http://www.com.cuhk.edu.hk/ubeat/060373/arts.html)

Abstract related to Cattle Depot

Business Value

Other than seeing its problems we have also discovered the vast potential of the site, which could facilitate the intentions

Thesis Diagram

Chatham Road

To Kwa Wan was an industrial district in the 80 s and a large number of industrial buildings could be found in the area. However, since the 90 s the economic transformation from secondary to tertiary production in Hong Kong shrank many of

Photographic elevation study

1989

tile. They could be adapted to many other functions, art studio

The 4 reclamations in To Kwa Wan

es or u vantage of bringing people easily from other places to To Kwa perience between for the connection between e Wan, making it highly accessible. But the transition from high y. A photo is taken for every 30 steps we walked. speed (traffic, highway) to low speed (pedestrian) would be nt s as followed: the journey starts from Chatham n where the interior strip is located, then Ma Tau Wai d ting through the site would also bring many people there in u Chung Road, further turns right at Sung Wong d Pak Tai Street, and finally enters the road facing or d. rs Road network studies KEY

obstacle

Road

Linkage

Elevated Road

Road

N

0

100

200

300m

100

200

opment which is highly responsive to the social and urban

Industry

KEY

Primary school

Home for elderly

Secondary school

N

0

300m

Perceptual Study, the route connecting interior design strip and Cattle Depot

kindergarten

Church

N

0

KEY

KEY

KEY

KEY

Subway

To Kwa Wan enjoys one of the most walkable and accessible coastal promenades in Hong Kong. However, it is now quite tre by a number of traffic roads and large industrial buildings, and on the other hand the extensive fences and road blocks fortable. The quality of the city could be well improved if we manage to smoothly direct the people from the crowded city centre to the abundant natural landscapes of To Kwa wan, Churches, schools and elderly homes distribution namely the harbour front and also the green area around the

Future MTR system crossing the area of study

100

200

300m

N

0

100

200

300m

N

N

0

100

200

300m

0

Industrial buildings distribution in To Kwa Wan

100

200

300m


PERCEPTUAL DIAGRAMS ALONG DOMINANT PATH BY PEOPLES

designer

worker

bldg.outline

sky

elderly

hawker

artist

Urban Interaction sult of interactions among her 3 fundamental components Methodlogy and Objectives: of different scales, namely People (S), Place (M) and The Citymapping (L). of People-City Interaction starts with tracking of the dominant paths of differentPeople types of people under invesic relationship of People-Place-City in To Kwa Wan we aim at FromA. People Experience tigation. the observations on site, we mapped the locaAnalysis-­ B. Community Network daily life pattern Reconstruction figuring out the way how the interior design strip and Cattle tions where we could most likely to find a particular group of Depot, along with the market, the delicate centre and pointat where they have their daily life. Say for example, we people, of coherence of the existing local community network, could found a residentialCity block inC. Typological Relationship with 798 case study which many elderly live, a local tea Place work together and at the same time, give no brutal disruption house where elderly is the majority and a park which is mostly diagram occupied byCity-Place-People the aged.triangular By linking the 3 places a typical daily life pattern for the group of elderly is mapped. It is not a path of any authentic particular elderly, but instead, because of the occupation intensity of the dots linked it would be a dominant

housewife

Local Tea House

student

Home

Pocket Space

Partial zoom-in into one of the dominant paths for the elderly

View to the Sky

With similar method we map for each type of people 3 dominant paths and conduct a photographic study on their journey, taking 3-5 photos for each journey, and study the existing qualities of their paths: 1) Skyline; 2) Speed; 3) Immediate Section (or space) & 4) Texture. Overlapping the photo analyses we have the graphical representations of the existing qualities of the 4 attributes for the paths. And in the further assignment of an urban design, these urban loci inform us the scale, enclosure, texture, openness and so on for our interventions when we deal with an area that is dominated with a particular group of people. For instance, the sky profile for the interior designer is long and narrow under the silhouette of the elevated highway, should we provide them with more open space and greenery in the future urban design proposal? Retroactive questions like Inside the space

View to the Sky

speed

Inside the space

Sky Profile

Immediate Space Inside the space

texture

View to the Sky

Texture Speed Hawker

Elderly

ppl.density

View to the Sky

Table showing the overlapping of the images in photographic perceptual studies

Inside the space

Artist

Student

Housewife

Artist


Local Market

Facade Intervention

Openings

Program

Access

Building Mass

Road and Infrastructure

Local Market

M-I-C & 798

TYPOLOGICAL STUDIES

Interior Design Street

Interior Design Street

Cattle Depot Artist Village

Cattle Depot Artist Village

798 Artist Village

798 Artist Village


he m ty ic

ol, to le is elrk eir ty

USUAL PLACES BY PEOPLES

> MARKETS People x Place

Artist

People x Place

Worker

People x Place

elderly

People x Place

Interior Designer

People x Place

Hawker

Zooming-in into area around market People x Place

Housewife

People x Place

Student

he be at is DESIRABLE COMMUNITY NETWORK PATTERN

Exisitng

EXISTING COMMUNITY NETWORK DIAGRAM interior designer

Place means the spots that are frequently occupied by the chosen 7 groups of people in the mapping of People-Place. artist terior Designer , Student , Worker and Elderly are identified and studied, as they are the dominant types of people in the hawker area or are highly related to our focus of study (i.e. artists and

Ideal

housewife Housewife

Interior Designer

Hawker

Artist

Student

Worker

Elderly

City in this case is more neutrally as a field on which the texture interior designer

student worker

elderly


e to ons the -

the ocal usiCatple, d as heir

we hich by a ged ring ram for ams

Connection deck with greeneries on top of the tunnel entrance to stitch the 2 sides of the city

Market

M I

C

Interior Design Strip

Cattle Depot

Pedestrianized pathway to link up residential plots

A green ring to channel people from city centre to the harbour front. An extension of ring-shape typology of the market.

DESIGN RESOLUTION

Material support for artist village Interior design strip typology

Per. C Per. A

Per. B

New interior design strip distribution (in red)

Market typology

Flea market for artistic products and interior design booth which acts as an urban lung located between market and artist village, allowing a new place for small sellers and culivating local culture

Future MTR station

Second part of interior design strip separated from the original cluster, located at another entrance of the city

Interior design street turning into secondary streets and blend with local market

Perspective A

i i

m c

de Cattle Expanding and loosening the market typology to allow capacity for the injection of more program and urban spaces

Interlinked blocks adaptively reuse as the production place for artwork Transformed Cattle Depot

Art school for students on their dominant path

Food and beverage walk way from market to harbour side, passing through the hot spot for workers at their convenience

Perspective B

New Pier

Youth hostel to provide Cattle Depot with local/non local visitors

Perspective C


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