THE
BRITISH FERNS ; Olt,
COLOURED FIGURES AND DESCRIP'l'IONS, WITH THE
NEEDFUL ANALYSES OF THE FRUCTIFICA'l'ION AND VENA'l'ION, OF THE
J!ftrns .of
~nat ~ritain
anh
~nlanh,
SYSTEMATICALLY ARRANGED.
BY
SIR WILLIAM JACKSON K.H., D.C.L. Ox oN., F.R.A.
AND
.~OOKER, L.S.,
CORRESPONDING MEMBER OF SCIENCES OF THE H tPE RIAL INSTITUTE OF FRANCE, HI'C.,
AND DIRECTOR OF THE ROYAL GARDE:'!S OF KE\'1.
THE DRAWINGS BY WALTER FITCH, F.L.S..
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LONDON: LOVELL REEVE, 5, HENRIETIA STREET, COVENT GARDEN.
1861.
J
CONSPECTUS OF THE
SUBORDERS AND GENERA UNDER WHICH THE SPECIES OF BRITISH FERNS ARE ARRANGED IN THIS WORK.
0RD. FILICES.
Subord. I. PoLYPODIEJE.-Capsules dorsal or marginal, surrounded by an articulated elastic 1·ing, and opening transve1·sely and i1·regulm·ly. Fronds ci1·cinate in vernation. A. Capsules opening transversely, m·ising from the back of the frond; the ring vertical, usually incomplete. * N udisorre.-Sm·i destitute of involucre. t 1. GYl\:lNOGRAMME.-Sori oblong or linear, on forked veins. 2. PoLYPODIUM.-Sori subglobose. ** Indusiatre.-Sori furnished with an involucre or indusium. 3. WoonsiA.-Sori subglobose. Involucre beneath the sorus, more or less cup-shaped, and fimbriated at the margin. 4. CYSTOPTERis.-Sori subglobose. Involucre ovate, cucullate at the base, and having its origin beneath the sorus. 5. AsPIDIUM.-Sori dorsal, subglobose. Involucre o1·bicular and peltate. 6. NEPHRODIUM.-Sori dorsal, subglobose. Involucre subcordate and fixed by the sinus. 7. AsPLENJU~r.-Sori dm·sal, linem· or oblong, 1·arely curved or somewhat horseshoe-shaped, attached laterally to the veins, and opening towards the midrib. 8. ScoLOPENDRIUl\L-Sori dorsal, lineq,r, in opposite pairs, and opening towards each other. 9. PTERis.-Sori continuous, dorsal, but at the margin on a mm·ginal receptacle. Involucre formed of the 1·ejlexed and gene1·ally me?nbranous margin of the frond. 10. ADIANTUM.-Sori dorsal, roundish (in many exotic species ob-
t In this section the genus Ceterack has been generally placed, but as that is now found to possess a narrow involucre, like that of Asplenium, it is restored to the latter genus.
lorlfl or linear). Involucres of the same-shaped portions of a reflexed and altered margin of the frond, bearing the capsules upon them. 11. CRYPTOGRAMME.-Sori oblong or linear, situated towards the apex of the veins, and covered by the involucre formed of the broad ?'evolute margin of the frond. Fronds dimorphous. 12. BLECHNUM,-Sori linem·, continuous, parallel with and near the costa, 1'Unning transversely, with the veins mrely submarginal. Involucre of the same shape. B. Capsules opening irregularly, placed on a columnar or filiform receptacle, and terminating a vein at the margin of the frond, having a transverse ring and included in an involucre. Fronds delicate, membranaceous. 13. TRICHOMANEs.-Involucre subcylindrical, nearly entire. Receptacle usually exserted. · 14. HYMENOPHYLLUM.-Involucre 2-valved. Receptacle rarely .exserted. Subord. II. OsMUNDEJE.-Capsules clustered at the margin of a transformed frond or portion of a frond, reticulated, opening by two regular valves; ring almost obsolete. F?·onds circinate in vernation. 15. OsMUNDA. Subord. III. 0PHIOGLOSSEJE.-Capsules globose, between coriaceous and fleshy, sessile, fm·ming a simple or compound pedunculated spike, distinct from the sterile frond, and openirlfJ transversely by two equal valves. Fronds straight in vernation. 16. 0PHIOGLossuM.-Capsules connate on a 2-ranked spike. 17. BoTRYCHIUM.-Capsules free, arranged on one side of a pinnated spike or rachis. Subord. IV.-LYCOPODIEJE.-Capsules without a ring, coriaceous, sessile, in the axils of leaves m· bracteas, !-celled, 2-3-valved. Stems leafy. Vernation not circinate. 18. LYCOPODIUM, Subord. V. IsoETEJE.-Capsules without a ring, indeltiscent, immn·sed in a cavity at the base of long subulate radical leaves. Seeds on filiform receptacles. Vn·nation involute. Aquatics. 19. IsoETEs. Subord. VI. MARSILEJE.-Fructi.fication·of two kinds. Capsules u:ithout a ring, in globose coriaceous involucres near the root of the plant. Vernation involute. Aquatics. 20. PILULARIA.
JJ
S.
.W.Fi tCh,d il et hth
Ym.c en t B:rocl<s, Imp.
PLATE
ISOETES
55.
LACUSTRIS,
Linn.
Common Qu£llwod.
Gen. Char. Capsules without a ring, indehiscent, immersed in a cavity of the very dilated base of long subulate radical leaves :-of two kinds: those at the 'base of the outer leaves containing a few large trigonous spores, rough with minute points (oophoridia); those at the base of the inner ones havinO' numerous, minute, oblong granules (antlteridia) ; in botb the contents a~e seen to be, at least in au early stage, attached to delicate slender fllaments.-111ore or less aquatic plants, often submerged.
IsoETES lacustris; leaves erect or nearly so, stout, subnlate, highly cellular ; base of the rhizome destitute of spiny scales; oophoridia smooth. IsoETES lacustris. Linn. Sp. Pl. p. 1563. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 534. Engl. Bot. t. 1084. Bolt. JJlil. Brit. p. 74. t. 41. Fl. Dan. t. 191. Wahl. Fl. Lapp. p. 26. Hoole. in Fl. Lund. v. 4. t. 121. ScM. Fil. t. 17 2. Sm. E ngl. Fl. v. 4. p. 343. Hook. and Arn. Brit. FL. ed. 8. p. 598. .Asa Gmy, J.fan. Bot. JUustr. p. 606. IsOETES Engelmanni. B1·aun, in .A~a Gray, 111an. Bot. Illust. p. 605. IsoETES riparia. Engelm. in .Asa Gra,1J, Man. Bot. IUustr. p. 606. IsoE'l'ES setacea. Bose, Mem. du Mus. v. 14. t. 6 and 7. IsoETES velata. A. Braun, Expl. Alger. t. 37. I soETES Coromandeliana. Linn. Suppl. p. 447. Willd. Sp. Pl. v. 5. p. 535 . CALAMAHIA folio breviore ct crassiore. Dill. J1{usc. p . 540. t. 80.J. l. llab. Lakes in mountain districts: England, \Vales, Scotland, and Ireland.
rrhis is a very interesting plant, both in stmcture and in its place of growth,-so unlike any other of the Fern-group, whethet· true Ferns or which are called Pseudo-Filices, that some botanists reject them altogether ; but, different as the habit of the plant may be, the fructifications too much resemble those of Lycopodiacece to allow of their being placed far apart. Presl does not admit it among Filices, nor does M. Casson,. in his excellent ' Flore des Environs de Paris.' rrhe present species is perhaps much more widely distributed geographically than botanists in general are aware of; and I cannot but fear that many supposed species of authors must merge i11to this. In the south
of France. and in most warm climates, it bears longer and nat·rower leaves than with us, and becomes the Isoetes setacea of Bose, I velata, A. Braun. rrhe same variety occurs in Sardinia, Sicily, in Algeria, and in the Madras Peninsula and Afghanistan (I. Coromandelz'ana, Linn.). I adspersa of A. Braun (in Balansa, Pl. d' Algerie) is a fine and very slender-leaved form of the same, as is a specimen of an Isoetes in my herbarium from Swan River (Drummond, n. 989 and 990) ; and again from Barter, discovered at Nape, tropical Africa (n. l 0 20). rrhe species is common in North America; Dr. Engelmann has found what has been called, one, L Tiparia, Engelm.; and another, L Engelmanni, Braun. From British Columbia and Northern California Mr. Nuttall ha.s sent to me his Isoetes opaca (l believe a MS. name), which seems to be identical with our I. lacustris, as I do Isoetes Afalinveniana of De N otaris from Piedmont, and L ec!tinospora, Dcne., from Lozera. In South America specimens received from Spruce, Santarem, Brazil, and from the :Missions of Duro, Brazil, Gardner, n. 5563 (and so named by him), are common forms of our British Quillwort. Isoetes lacustris, .Metten. in Pl. Lechleriame, n. 937, is a short, broad, acuminated-leaved var. from Peru. Isoetes Andina, Spruce's MS., from the Quitinian Andes (without number) is probably distinct in the broad, firm, rigid leaves, coriaceous and glossy when dry, scarcely tapering at all, but suddenly acute, and ·with a very broad rhizome. Another remarkable and I presume very distinct species, from mountain lakes of T asmania, a good deal resembles this of Mr. Spruce; but many of the leaves are quite obtuse or retuse, and often tipped with a very conspicuous and remarkable gland. Previous to my knowledge of the two Isoeticles last mentioned, . I had joined Dr. Arnott (see 'British :Flora,' l. c.) in the remark that "there is probably only one known species of the genus." But since that remark was made, another remarkable Isoetes has been discovered, which is figured and described in our next Plate, and I most gladly recall that statement as incorrect.
PLATE 55. Fertile plant of Isoetes lacust1·is, Linn.,-natural size. Fig. l. Front view of a leaf from the 0entre of the plant, slightly magnified, with its capsule. 2. The capsule removed from the leaf. 3. The same cnt through transversely. 4. Spores or antlteridia,-all more or lf'ss magnified. 5. Back view of an outer leaf. 6. Front view of the base. 7. Capsule removed from the leaf. 8. The same cut through transversely. 9. Minute oblong granules or ooplta· 1·idia :-all more o1· less magnified. ----·~ - ~ - --- ----
WFitch,J.el et1i.th
Ymcent Broolc:;,lmp.
PLATE
56.
ISOETES DuRIJEI, B m·y. Durieu' s Quillwort.
DtwitRi; leaves slender, filiform, subcompactly cellular, the tuft contracted above the bulbiform base, then spreading: and recurved ; rhizome below the leaves clothed with dark-brown, rigid, pungent, trifid scales; oophoridia strongly granulated. IsoETES Durirei. "B01:1f, Compt. rendu Acad. Sc. val. 18, June, 1844." A. Bmun in Bo1:;, Explor. Scientif. de t' AZtJi!rie, partie Bot. pl. 3 6. f. 2 (no desc1·iption). Grenier et Godmn, Pl. de .France, v. 3. p. 652. IsoETES Hystrix. Wolsey in Pl~ytol. neu; ser. v. 5. p. 45 (not of Durieu in Bo17J, Explor. Scientif. de l'Algerie, pl. 36.f. 1 (no description), and of Grenier and Godron, l. c. p. 652 ). Casson in Bourgeau, Pl. d'Espagne et de Po1·tugal, 1853, 11. 2049. IsoETES Hystrix var. subinermis. Balansa,Pl. d'Algerie, 1851, n. 27, andl852, n. fi94; 1jusd. Pl. d'Orient, 1857, n. 1327. Hao. Damp spots on L'Ancresse common, Guernsey, M1·. G. Tf/olsey. IsoETJ<.:S
'rhis first discovery of this species of Isoetes, in "lieux incultes et stE;riles" in the south of France, iu Corsica, at Ajaccio (Requien), and at Cannes (Dunal), could not fail to attract the attention of botanists ; and it became still more interesting to British botanists on its discovery in British territory, Guernsey, in June, 1860, by Mr. George Wolsey. The species is only described in one or two works, not easily accessible to a student of British botany, and figured (without description) only in one rare and costly work, on the plants of Algeria; and it is not surprising that it was mistaken for the I. Ilystrix of Durieu, also an inhabitant of Corsica and Cannes in "paturages sees, montueux et decouverts, jamais clans les terrains inondes." Both are remarkable for blackish-brown, shortly three-spined, imbricating scales on the rhizome, below the leaves, of which there is no trace in Isoetes lacustr£s, nor, as far as I am aware, in any other known species of the genus, save in I. llysh·ix where these scales are so abundant and so long, that in the figure given in the Algerian Flora, the base of the plant forms a nearly globose ball, an inch and a half in diameter, clothed with long, black, incurved spines, a quarter of an inch long, naturally suggesting the specific name of llystrix. In other respects the two plants have certainly the
greatest resemblance to each other, so that Mr.\Volsey is not far wrong in calling the present plant L Hystrix , though Mr. Balansa has probably pursued a better course, in naming our plant I Hystrix, var. subinennis; and it is not a little remarkable that the two are found in nearly the same localities both in the south of France and in Algeria. 'l'he exotic specimens of I Duricei in my herbarium are from Limoges, France (M. de N otaris), in "pe]ouses humides," near the summit of the Sierra de Picota, near Monchique, Algarve, Spain (Bourgeau) ; rocky hills above the village of Kaiageul, near Ouchak in Phrygia (Balansa) ; Algeria, Coteau de Homma (Mr. 17tos. Birch), Oran, " dans les flagues d'eau," and between Oran and La Senia, "bords des mares" (Balansa). True IHystrix I possess from Algeria, Mostaganem, "clairieres des broussailles" (Balansa), and from" Straoucli," collected by Mr. Birch.
PLATE 50. Fig. 1, 2. Fertile plants of Isoetes Dut·ia:i, Bory, with a circle of mature fruits :-natu1·al size. 3. Lower portion of the plant, with its rhizome cut. through vertically,-sliglttly magnified. 4. An inner leaf, with its fructification in the base. 5. Transverse section of the same above the base. 6. Base: -more magnified. 7. Transverse section of the same. 8. Capsules. 9. Section of do. 10. Minute granules, or antlteridia. 11. Inner leaf, with its fructification in the base. 12. The base, cut through transversely. 13. Young subtetrahedral grains (ooplwridia). 14. Mature do. 15. Scales from the base of the rhizome; middle one seen from behind, the lateral ones in front :-more m· less magnified. All the figures are made from specimens kindly sent by Mr. Wolsey.
LATIN INDEX. -·
-· -
Plate
A cropteris septentrionalis, Link . . . . . . . . . A crosticltum alpinum, Bol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Jlvense, Linn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . leptopltyllmn, De Cantl. . . . . . . lluta-rnuraria, Lam. . . . . . . . . . septentrionale, Linn ..... , . . . . Adiantum Capillus-Veneris, Lim;. . . . . . . . Allosorus arp~ilinus, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . crisp-us, Bern h. . . . . . . . . . . . . . minntus, Turez. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Anesium Germanicum, Newm. . . . . . . . . Rtda-muraria, Newm... . . . . . . septentrionale, Newm.. . . . . . . . Anopramme leptophylla, Link nnd Fee .. ... Aspidium aculeatum, Bentlt. . . . . . . . . . . . (var. a lobatum). . . . (var. {J int ermcdium) , (vn1·. y angulare) . . . a:mulum, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alpestre, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alpinum, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . angulare, Willcl. . . . . . . . . . . . . angustmn, Will d. . . . . . . . . . . . . a1·gutum, Kaulf. . . . . . . . . . . . . asplenoides, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . Bootii, Tuckerman . . . . . . . . . . campyloptenmt, Kze. . . . . . . . . . cristatum, Sw.. . . . . . . . . . . . dentatum , Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . depastum, Schk. . . . . . . . . . . . . dilatatum, Holl . . . . . . . . . . . . dilatatnm, Willtl. . . . . . . . . . . . ( var. Bootii, A. Gray)
26
7 8 I 28 26 41 38 3 (J 3!:! 27 28 26
IO 10 II 12 20 6 24
I0 35 I6 35 22 19
I7 23 15 20 19 22
Plate
A . dilatatum (var . reCAtrvum, Bree.) drepanum, Schk.......... . .. dumetorum, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . eroswn, Schk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Filix-fcemina, Sw. . . . ... . , . . . Filix-mas, Sw.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . fi·a!Jile, Sw.... . . . . .. ,. . . . . . . lancastriensis, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . lobatum, ~lett . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Louchitis, Sw.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . montanum, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Oreopteris, S1v. . . . . . . . . . . . . . paleaceum, Don . . . . . . . . . . . . pallidum, Link. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Pontedera:, Willtl. . . . . . . . . . . . 7'ecurvum., Bree . . . . . . . . . . . . . regium, Sw.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . remotum, A. Braun ... , . . . . . . rlttPticwn, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . rigidwn, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . , ({J rernotum, A. Brmtn) spinnlosum, Hoole ami Arn. . . . , (vnr. {J, Hook. & Am.) Taygetense, Bory . • . . . . . . . . . . 1'1telypteris, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . Asplenium acnturn, Bory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Atliantum-nigrum, Linn.. . . . . . alpesh·e, Mett.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . alternifoliurn, W nlf.. . . . . . . . . . argutum, Klfs.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bellottii, Sch . . . . . .. . ., . . . . . . Breynii, Retz . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 0(/pense, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Ceterach, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . cnneatum, Sch. . . . . . . . . . . . . . cuneifoliwn, Vis. . . . . . . . . . . . . densunz, Brack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . dichroum, Kze. . . . . . . . . . . . . . elatius, Link. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20
19 2I 19 35 15 23 17 I0 9 25 H 15 16 23 20 24 22 6 16 22 19 21 2-1< I3
33 33 6
27 33 :~ 2
27 33 36
32 33 29 29
35
LA'I'I N INDEX .
11
Plate
Plote
. . 35 . . 33 . . 34 . . 32 . . 27 . . 33 . . 34 . . 29 . . 33 . . 33 . . 30 . . 32 , (var. mic1·odon,Moore) 32 leptoplzyllzvm, Cav. . . . . . . . . . . l luridum, Sal. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 marinum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . 31 , (var. microdom, Moore) 32 m.elanocaulon, Willd. . . . . . . . . . 2-9
Galamm·ia, Dill. . . . . . . . . 55 GetemcA alpinu;n, De Cam1. . . . . . . . . . . 7 ojficinatum, Desv. . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Cryptogramme crispa, Br. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
A. Filix-fmmina, B ernk. . . . . . . ji.ssunz, Weinm. . . . . . . . . . . . fontanum, B emlz. . . . . . . . . . FoTsteri, Sadl.. . . . . . . . . . . . Genmmicum, ff"eiss . . . . . . . Gaudiclzaudianum, Hook. . . . Halleri, Willd. . . . . . . . . . . . heteroclzrourn, Kze. . . . . . . . . lzumile, Bl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . incisum, Opitz . . . . . . . . . . . intennedium, P r. . . . . . . . . . . lanceolatum, Jiuds. . . . . . . . .
multicaule, Sch. . . . . . . . . . . . 3il muro1·mn, Lam. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 8 nignmz, Bernh. . . . novu1n, Sadl. . . . . . obovaturn, Viv. . . . obtumm, Kit. . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . 33
. . . . . . . . . . 33 . . . . . . . . . . 32
.. . . .. . . .. Oreopteris, Linn... . . . . . . . . . . productum, Lowe . . . . . . . . . . . rotundatum., Klfs . . . . . . . . . . . . llnta-muraria, Linn. . . . . . . . . . scolopendrium, Linn.... . . . . . .
33 33 33 32 28
septentrionale, Hojfin. . . . . . . . . Serpentini, 'l'ansch.. . . . . . . . . . Silesiacwn, Mil de . . . . . . . . . . . tabulare, Schrad. . . . . . . . . . . . tmpezijonne, Uuds.. . . . . . . . . . 1'riclwmanes ramosum, Bauhin . Trichomanes, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . t1·iclzomanoides, Cav. . . . . . . . . . mnbrosum, Viii. . . . . . . . . . . . . viride, Huds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Athyrium
26 33 33 3il
37
31 30 29 29 HO 30
an,rJustum, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 .asplenioides, Desv. . . . . . . . . . 35 Filixj'cernina, Sw. . . .fontanum, Roth. . . . . Ilalle1·i, Roth.. . . . . . lanceolatnm, I-Ieufl. . . M.ich anxii, Spr. . .. ·. ovalum , Newm.. . . . . 1·hmticum, Roth. . . . .
.. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. t1·ipinnatum, Rupr. . . . • . . . . . . Blcclnnnn boreale, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spicant, Sm . . .. . .' . . . . . . . . . . Botrvchium L{;naria, Sw. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
35 34 34 32 3~
35 6 35
40 40 <18
Ctenople1·is vulgaris, Newm. . . . . . . Cyatltea alpina, Sm ..... ·. . . . . . dentata, Sm. . . . . . . . . . fragilis, Sm. . . . . . . . . . incisa, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . montana, Sm. . . . . . . . . 1·egia, J!'orst. . . . . . . . . .
...... .. .. .. .. .. ..
.... .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..
2
2J. 23 23 24 2rl 24
Gystea angustata, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . dtntata, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .fragilis, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1'1!{/ia, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Cystopteris Allioni, Newm.... . . . . . . . . . . alpina, Desv. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . dentata, Hook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dickieana, Sim. . . . . . . . . . . . . fragilis, liernh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . (var. a vulgaris).. . . . . (var. {3 dentata) . . . . . . , ( \'ar. y Dickieana) : . . . montana, Be1·nlz. . . . . . . . . . . . . myrrhidijulia, Newm. . . . . . . . . 1·egia, Presl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
23 23 23 2'1 25 24 23 23 23 23 23 23 25 25 24
Dr.IJopteris dilatata, A. Grav . . . . . . . . . . . 19 . 1·i.1Jida, A. Gray·. . . . . . . . . . . . 22 Thelypteris, A. Gray . . . . . . . . 13
E quisetum arvense, Linn... . . . . . . . . . . . . Drummondii, Hook. . . . . . . . . . E!trharti, Mey. . . . . . . . . . . . . . eburneum, Roth. . . . . . . . . . . . . elongatum, Hook. . . . . . . . . . . . .fluviatile, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . hyemale, Linn . . . . . . . . . . . . . . limosum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . lJiackaii, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . . . majus, Raii . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . nudum, Haii. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . palustre, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . pmtense, El1rh. . . . . . . . . . . . . . sci1·poides, Mich . . . . . . . . . . . . . sylvnticum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . Tclmateja, Eln'lt. . . . . . .. _. . . trachyodon, A . Bmun. . . . . . . . umbrosum, Meyer and lVilld. .
GO
59 59 5S
64· 5S 64 62 64 5S G4 63 59 66 Gl 58 65 59
LA'l'IN INDEA.
1ll Plate
Plate
E. Yarieg-atum, Sc/zlqicll. . . . . . . . . Wilso~1i, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . . . Graminifolia palust1·is repen8, Raii . . . . . . . . Grammitis Ceteraclt, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . leptophylla, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . Gymnogramme Geterach, Sp. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . leptopbylla, Des7i. . . . . . . . . . . . Gymnocarpium IJryopteri8, N ewm. . . . . . . . . . . Pltegopten:s, N ewm. . . . . . . . . . Robertianum, Newm. . . . . . . . . Gymnopte1·is Getemclz, Beml1. .... .'. . . . . . . Hemestheurn montanmn, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . Ilemionites leptopllylla, Lag. . . . . . . . . . . . . Fozoi, Moore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 'liymenophyllum alatum, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Tunbridgense, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . Tunbridgeuse, Schk. . . . . . . . . . Wilsoni, Hook. . . . . . . . . . . . . . unilaterale ?, Bory . . . . . . . . . . Isoetes Coromandeliana, Linn. . . . . . . . Dur:i<ei, Bory . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Engelmanni, Braun . . . . . . . . . . Ifystrix, Wolsey .... . . . . . . . . , (var. subinermis, Bal.) . lacustris, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1·ipm·ia, Eug. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . setacea, Bose. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . velata, A . Braun . . . . . . . . . . . . Lastrca • cemula, Brack. . . . . . . . . . . . . . concava, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . . . cristata, Pres} . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (var. spinulosa, Moore) , dilatata, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . (var. collina, Moore).. (var. dumetorum, Moore) , (var. maculata, Moore) Dryopteris, Newm... . . . . . . . . .Ji'ilix-mas, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . J!(enisecii, W nts . . . . . . . . . . . . maculata, Deakin . . . . . . . . . . . multiflora, N ewm. . . . . . . . . . . , (var. collina, N ewm.) . Ot·eopteris; Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . remota, Moore . . . . . . . . . . . . . ri!Jida, Pr.... .. . .. . .. .. . . ..
66 56 57 36 1 36 1 4 3 5 36 14 1 1
42 43
4-3 44 ·~4
55 56 55 56 56 55 55 55 55
L. Robe?"tiana, N ewm. . . . . . . . . . n!fidula, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . spinulosa, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . T!telypteris, P r. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Lepidotis annotina, Beauv. . . . . . . . . . . . . Lomaria bm·ealis, Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Spicant, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Loplwdium Gallipte1·is, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . collinum, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . . Famisecii, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . . · plandulosurrt, Newm .. . . . . . . . . recurvmn, N ewm. . . . . . . . . . . . spinoswn, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . . uliginosum, New m. . . . . . . . . . . Lycopodium alpinum, Linn. . . . annotinum, Linn. . axillare, Roxb. . . . Bigelovii, Oakes . .
5 8 1S 13
50
40 40
17 21 20 18 20 18 18
. . . . . . . . . . 53 . . . . . . . . . . 50
. . . . . . . . . . 54 . . . . . . . . . . 51 bryophyllum, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 Ceylanicum, Spr. . . . . . . . . . . . 54 G!tamarense, Turcz.. . . . . . . . . . 53 ciliatz~m, Lam. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 clavatum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . 4() densum, Lam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54, di11aricatum, Wall. . . . . . . . . . . 49 Ileyneanum, Wall. . . . . . . . . . . 50 il?flexum, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 insulm·e, Carm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 inundatum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . 51 juniperijoliwn, Lam .. . . . . . . . . 50 palust1·e, Lm'n. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51 pilije1·um, Raddi . . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Freslii, Hook. and Grev. . . . . . 4-9
recun;um, Kit. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54 20 20 17 18 19 21 21 21 4 15 20 21 19 21 14· 22 16
selaginoides, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . Selago, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . serpens, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . suberectmn, L owe . . . . . . . . . . . Sitchense, Rup. . . . . . . . . . . . . . trichiatum, Bl. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Nephrodium asplenoide8, Mich. . . . . . . . . . . . cristatum, Mich. . . . . . . . . . . . . Filix-fr.emina, l\Iich. . . . . . . . . . Filix-mas, Rich. . . . . . . . . . . . . Fr.enisecii, Lowe . ..... , . . . . . Oreopter is, Desv. . . . . . . . . . . . pallidum, Bory . . . . . . . . . . . . . remotum, !look. . . . . . . . . . . . . rigidum, Desv. . . . . . . . . . . . . . r'!fidulum, Mich. . . . . . . . . . . . .
5:1
54 49 54 53 49 35
17 35 15 20 14 16 22 16 8
IV
J,A'l'IN INDEX. Plate
Plate
N. spinulosum, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . (var. <:emulum) . . . . , (var. bipinnatum) . . (var. dilatatum) . . . , (var. dumetorum) . . Thelypteris, Desv. . . . . . . . . . . Notopleurum Ceterach, Newm. . . . . . . . . . . . Ophioglossum Lusitanicum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . vulgatum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . , (var. augustifolium) . Osmunda Capensis, Pr.... . . . . . . . . . . . . crispa, Li1m. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . glaucescens, Link . . . . . . . . . . . gracilis, Link . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Hilsenbergii, Hook. and Grev. Hugeliana, Pr. . . . . . . . . . . . . . L eschenaultii, Wall. . . . . . . . . . leptoplzylla, Lam. . . . . . . . . . . . Lunaria, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . obtusffolia, W illd. . . . . . . . . . . . palustris, Sch.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . regalis, Liun. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . speciosa, Wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . . spectabilis, Willd. . . . . . . . . . . . Spicant, Linn.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . P hegopteris alpestris, Mett. . . . . . . . . . . . . . calcarea, Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Dryopteris, Fee . . . . . . . . . . . . .
20 20
polypodioides, FCe . . . . . . . . . . . vulgaris, Mett. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
3
P. Cambricum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . 2 comzectile, Mich. . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 cristatum, Bolt. . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 cristatum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 dentatum, Dicks. . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 dentigentm, ·wall. . . . . . . . . . . . 3 ~ dilataturn, Hoffm.. . . . . . . . . . . 19 Dryopteris, Diehs. . . . . . . . . . . 5 Dryopteris, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Filixfwmina, Linn. . . . . . . . . . 35 Ji'ilix-mas, Lillll. . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 jle;eile, Moore . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 fontanum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . 34 fragile, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 ltyperborewn, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Ilvense, With. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Ilvense, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 leptopltyllmn, Linn. . . . . . . . . . l Loncltitis, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 montanum, Lam... . . . . . . . . . . 25 myrrhidijolium, Vill.... . . . . . . 25 Oreopter,is, 1%rh. . . . . . . . . . . . H · Phegopteris, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . 3 ?'egium, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2't rltmticum, Dicks.. . . . . . . . . . . . 23 1·ltmticum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . 35 ?'ltceticum, Vill. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 rigidum, Hoft'm. . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Roberti'anum, Hojjin. . . . . . . . . 5 tanacetifolium, Hoftin. . . . . . . . 19 l'ltelypteris, Huds. . . . . . . . . . . 14 J7irginianum, Linn. . . . . . . . . . 2 vulgare, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Polystichum , aculeatum, Roth . . . . . . . . . . . . l l angulare, Presl . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12 montanum, Roth . . . . . . . . . . . 14 cristatum, Roth . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 Dryopteris, Roth . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Lonchitis, Roth . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Phegopteris, Roth . . . . . . . . . . 3 spinosum, Roth . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 Pseudatliyrium alpestre, Ncwm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 flexile, Newrn.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Pteris aq~1ilina, _Linn.. . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 cnspa, Lmn. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 candata, Schkh. . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 1·ecurvata, Wall. . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 Stelleri, Gmcl.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 9 Scolopenclrium alternifolium, Roth . ..... ..· . . 27 Ceteraclt, Sym. . . . . . . . . . . . . . ij6 o.flicinarum; Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Plwrolobus cl'ispus, Desv. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . P lzyllitis Scolopendrium, Newm. . . . . . . . Pilularia globulifera, Linn. . . . . . . . . . . . palustris Juncifolia, Dill. . . . . . . Planantlzus inundatus, Beauv. . . . . . . . . . . . Selago, Beauv. . . . . . . . . . . . . . Polypocliurn aculeatwn, l"inn.. . . . . . . . . . . . aculeatum, Huds. . . . . . . . . . . . mmulum, Sol. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . alpestre, Hoppe . . . . . . . . . . . . alpinum, Wulf. . . : . . . . . . . . . . Arvonicum, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . .Arvonicum., With . . . . . . . . . . . australe, F ee . . . . . . . . . . . . . . calcareum, Pnrsh. . . . . . . . . . . . calcareurrt, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
18 19 21 13 36
47 46 47 45 39
'15 45 45 45 45 1 48 45 45 45 45 45 40
6 5 4 5 39 37 57 57
51 54 10 11 20 6 24 7 8 2 4 5
LATIN INDEX. Plate
S. Plzyllitis, Roth . . . . . . . . . vulgare, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . Selaginella selagiuoides, Link . . . . . . . spinosa, Beauv.. . . . . . . . . Spicanta bo1·ealis, Pr..... " . . . . . . Stegania borealis, Br. . . . . . . . . . . . StacTtygynandrum alpinum, Pr .. ...... .. . ·: Tamchia lanceolata, Pr. . . . . . . . . . T!telypteris palustris, Schott . . . . . . . . Trichomanes alatltm, Hook. . . . . . . . . .
. . . . 37 . . . . 37 . . . . 52 . . . . 52 . . . . 40
. . . . 40
. . . . 53 . . . . 32 . . . . 13 . . . . 42
v Pla te
T. Andrewsii, Newm . .......... b1·evisetmn, Br. . . . . . . . . . . . . . europr.eum, Sm. . . . . . . . . . . . . . pyp idiferum, Hutls. . . . . . . . . . . radicans, Sw. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . scandens, Hedw. . . . . . . . . . . . . speciosum, Willd. . . . . . . . . . . . Ttmbridpense, Bolt. . . . . . . . . . . Tunbridgense, Linn. . . . . . . . . . Woodsia hyperborea, ll1·. . . . . . . . . . . . . alpina, Gray ....... .. .. ·. . . . l lvensis, Benth. . . . . . . . . . . . . Ilvensis, Br. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Rajana, Newm.. . ...........
4:~
42 42 42 42 42 4·2 44 43
7 7 7 8 8
BNGLISH INDEX. - --+-Plate Adrlel"s~tongue,
Common Adder's-tongue, Common (narrowleaved) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Bladder Fern, Alpine . . . . . . . . . . Bladder :Fern, Brittle . . . . . . . . . . Bla1lder Fern, Mountain. . . . . . . . Brake or Bracken, Common . . . . B ristle Fem, Rooting. . . . . . . . . . 1)uckler Fern, Crested. . . . . . . . . . Buckler Fern, Distant-leaved. . . . Buckler Fern, Male. . . . . . . . . . . . Buckler Fern, Marsh . . . . . . . . . . Buckler Fern, i\iountain.. . . . . . . Buckler F1~rn, Prickly (r:er.tulum) . . Buckler Fem, 1>rickly (bipinnate) . Buckl er Fem, Prickly (dumdon~m) Buckler Fern, Prickly (tripinnate) Buelcler l"e'rn, Rigid . . . . . . . . . . Ccterach, Common . . . . . . . . . . . . Club :Moss, Common . . . . . . . . . . Club Moss, Fir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Club Moss, Interrupted . . . . . . . . Club Moss, Lesser Alpine . . . . . . Club l1foss, Marsh . . . . . . . . . . . . Club Moss, Savin-lcaved . . . . . . Dutch Eushes . ... · . . . . . . . . . . . Filmy Fern, Tunbrit!ge . . . . . . . . F ilmy Fern, Mr. Wilson's ... · ~ . Flowering Fern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Gynmogram, Small Annual . . . . Hanl-Fern, Northern . . . . . . . . . . Holly Fern, Alpine . . . . . . . . . . . Horse-tail, Blunt-topped . . , . . . Horoe-tail, Branched Wood . . . . H orse-tail, Common . . . . . . . . . . H orse-tail, Field . . . . . . . . . . . . . Horse-tail, GTeat \Vater .... .-. . . Horse-tail, MaTsh . . . . . . . . . . . . Horse-tail, Rough . . . . . . . . . . . . Horse-tail, Rough-toothed . . . . . .
Horse-tail Smooth Naked I-l orse-tail, Variegated . . . . . . . . 4 7 Lady Fern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24 Maiden-hair Fern . . . . . . . . . . . . 23 Moonwort, Common . . . . . . . . . . 25 Oak F em, Tender Three-branched 38 Osmund Royal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4.2 Osmund the Waterman . . . . . . . . l 7 Parsley Fern . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2Z Pepper-grass . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1 5 Pillwort . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 Polypody, Alpine · .. . . . . . . . . . . Polypody, Common. . . . . . . . . . . . l '~ 20 Polypody, Pale i\1ountain . . . . . . 18 Polypody, Rigid Three-branched . 2l Polypody, Tender Three-branched 19 Quillwort, Common . . . . . . . . . . 16 Quillwort, Dnrien's. . . . . . . . . . . . 36 Rock Brake, Curled. . . . . . . . . . . . 49 Shield Fern, Alpine .·. . . . . . . . . 5 ,~ Shield Fern, Prickly (angular) . . 50 Shield F ern, Prickly (interm ediate) 52 Shield F ern, Prickly (lobed) . . . . 51 Spleenwort, Alternate-leaved . . . . 53 Spleenwort, Black . . . . . . . . . . . . 6·4 Spleenwort, Common . . . . . . . . . . 43 Spleenwort, Forked. . . . . . . . . . . 4·4 Spleenwort, Green . . . . . . . . . .. 45 Spleenwort, Lanceolate ... , . . . . Spleenwort, Maiden-hair. . . . . . . . l 40 Spleenwort, Scaly . . . . . . . . . . . . 9 Spleenwort, Sea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59 Spleenwort, Short-fi·uitetl . . . . . . fil Spleenwort, Smooth Eock . . . . . . 37 ' Wall Rue .............. . ... (iO Water-Fem .... ' . . ..... . .... , . 58 Wolf's-claw Moss . . . . . . . . . . . 63 Woodsia, Oblong . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 Wooclsia, Round-leaved . . . . . . . . 65
46
Plate
62 6 (\ 35 'H 48 4 45 45 39 57 57 6 2 3 5 4 55 56 39 9 12 ll 10 27 33 29 26 · 30 32 29 36 31 35 34 28 45 49 8 7