Southendon-Sea, city status and the sovereign: speculating competitive civic futures joseph robert goodwin / unit 15 / year 2
introduction
The honour of city status continues to be publicly misunderstood, persistently pursued and ambiguously attained. Traditional links to Anglican Dioceses are long retired, yet the royal prerogative remains definitive. This project speculates an alternative future for Southend-on-Sea, positing the question of what a town must do to become a city.
contents
r e s e a r c h
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the survey
the competition
governance
gateway structure
a thames triptych
the royal announcement
elizabeth and the elizabeth towers
gateway interior
thames tourism I
the guidelines
watchtowers
commercial kensington
thames tourism II
the programme
the ascent
a kensington spectacle
thames tourism III
a royal comparison
ascent to celebration
kensington reflections 1-2
twin towns and tourism
a royal tribute
the royal view
royalty
a day at the pier
developing the port
a watchtower and podium
buckingham arrival 1-2
a tale of 69 cities
forming state districts
governance
the competition
city rankings
developing components
raised architectures
the Queen’s residence triptych
the theme
developing a distinct character
street level
buckingham district residences
city status & 1889
the masterplan
roof level
23,451 Queen elizabeth street 1-7
town of culture
the pier and royal districts masterplan
infrastructure fragments
signing the letters patent
the world records
distinct districts
crossrail
the progresso precedent
accomodation on arrival
gateways
losing status
kensington commerical district
gateway supports
chasing city status
buckingham leisure district
learning from croydon
the Queen’s journey
speaking for southend
arrival
spoofs of southend
southend is the pier
future fragments
ma’am
the pier is southend
viewing points
the Queen’s visit
south southend
the elizabeth line
an underground mirage
constructing south southend
the cruise port
the pier
developing south southend
population
a red arrow
design by population
overlooking the windsor district
a model aesthetic
a seasonal city
where is one?
celebration
royal approval
one is here
the royal spectacle
the royal prerogative
hotels and inns
the royal visit
a royal pier
hotel skyline
modelling a model
the Queen’s visit
ornate rooftops
the colour script
the visit of the masses
parade streetscapes 1-3
the model room
programming the pier
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the survey a thames triptych
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a thames triptychTHE With a mouth of over 3 miles in width, the Thames has inevitably carried a vital significance historically in shipping and tourism. Tourism was in fact the reasoning behind the world’s longest pleasure pier at Southend-on-sea, one of Britains most loved seaside-towns. The first version of pier in fact appeared almost 200 years ago, measuring only 180 metres in length. However, before Joseph Paxton’s Crystal Palace impressed the masses at the ‘Great Exhibition’, the pier has already surpassed a mile in length and earned the crown of Europe’s longest pier. The pier’s unusual length is due to the sandbanks which reach so far
out into the estuary that only at this distance from the shore could a ship dock to allow passengers to disembark. This has led to the pier earning iconic status and in fact to being a larger attraction than the town it was designed to supply. At this point in its history Southend-on-sea, the fifth largest urban town in Britain, has spent years seeking city status. Competing against other towns in competitions held at Royal occasions, the last being in 2012 for the Queen’s Diamond Jubilee, Southend-on-sea has continally lost out on the status. Perhaps returning to the solution of almost two centuries ago would lead to its Seaside-city future.
This triptych aims to employ collage to investigate the identity of Southend-on-sea, its relationship to the pier and vitally, to lead to analysis of the future possibilities and implications of tourism.
the survey thames tourism i
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The first panel of the triptych evolved from the discovery of a Sir John Betjemen quote which is used to this day in the tourism of Southend: ‘The Pier is Southend, Southend is the Pier’ By surveying the landscape of the region, and taking a quite literal reading of the statement, the pier begins to appear as a direct cut-out of Southend. This panel aimed to investigate the relationship between the town and its pier. Seemingly a mutually benificial one, the pier and its attractions continue to draw in visitors while the town acts to repair the pier after each of its many forays with near destruction.
the survey thames tourism ii
thames tourism ii The Second panel of the triptych specifically identifies the unique selling point of the pier, its size. It remains the world’s largest ‘pleasure’ pier, second only to a pier in Progresso, Mexico for the, much covoted, world’s longest pier crown. The scale of the pier is difficult to appreciate, with a total length of over 2 km and a functioning, century old train running along the majority of its length.
the survey thames tourism iii
thames tourism iii Far from being the only noteworthy object in the estuary, the pier shares the rivermouth with the Maunsell forts, 1 the Thames & several vast wind turbine fields. The image aims to situate the town and pier within the context of the estuary and to allow an understanding of the vast scale of the river mouth.
the survey twin towns and tourism
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twin towns and tourism The twin towns agreements began as post war attempts at reconciliation between countries and cultures. However, today it is arguably most prevalent when in attempts at encouraging trade and tourism. Southend has a twin town called Sopot in Poland, a seaside resort town on the baltic coast which is renowned for its pier.
the survey a day at the pier
a day at the pier A visit to Southend and particular the pier and pleasure island is a nostalgic one. The seaside town maintains its century old emphasis on leisure and tourism. With this in mind, the drive for the honour of city status begs the question of how a seaside town can become a seaside city.
the survey a tale of 69 cities
a tale of 69 cities The United Kingdom now boasts 69 cities, 9 of which earning their status since the Millenium. In fact, only 14 cities were granted the status in the 20th century so it would seem that the transitional process from town to city has become accelerated, that or we have only 5 more cities to follow in the next 84 years. The diagram above reduces the identification of the UK to two factors, city status and airport location. The aim here was to ascertain whether a relationship between the admittance of tourism and the entitlement to city status exists, the relationship practised in Southend two centuries ago.
city status in the UK Southend, seen in white with its very own airport, ranks very highly in terms of tourism prospects, yet more interestingly the diagram additionally provides a review of city proximities, scale and nationwide distribution.
The process of granting city status is a Royal one. The Sovereign may issue a letters patent to announce the status, a process which is unique in its ability to grant the status. Historically it has been known for a city to lose its status, with Rochester losing its 787 year old title due to a change in local government forfeiting the status. 12 years later, in 2010, the local authority was challenged for referring to the town as the ‘City of Medway’, a violation of advertising standards. It would seem identity, specifically that of a city level, musn’t be taken lightly.
the survey city rankings City Status & Population 1:40,000
Birmingham 1,100,000
Wakefield 325,000
Southampton 240,000
St Albans 140,000
Durham 95,000
Chicester 30,000
Leeds 750,000
Coventry 320,000
Salford 235,000
Preston 140,000
Lincoln 95,000
Ely 20,000
Glasgow 600,000
Nottingham 305,000
City of Westminster 220,000
Lancaster 140,000
Chester 95,000
Truro 20,000
Sheffield 550,000
Newcastle upon Tyne 280,000
Portsmouth 205,000
Norwich 135,000
Bath 90,000
Ripon 20,000
Bradford 525,000
Sunderland 275,000
York 200,000
Cambridge 125,000
Armagh 60,000
Bangor 20,000
Manchester 500,000
Brighton & Hove 275,000
Aberdeen 190,000
Gloucester 125,000
Hereford 60,000
Wells 10,000
Edinburgh 470,000
Kingston upon Hull 260,000
Peterborough 185,000
Lisburn 120,000
Inverness 60,000
City of London 10,000
Birmingham 1,100,000
City of Westminster 220,000
Leeds 750,000
Glasgow 600,000
Sheffield 550,000
Liverpool 470,000
Plymouth 260,000
Chelmsford 170,000
Exeter 120,000
Perth 45,000
St Asagh 5,000
Bristol 430,000
Wolverhampton 250,000
Dundee 155,000
Wincester 120,000
Salisbury 40,000
St David’s 2,000
Cardiff 350,000
Stoke-on-Trent 250,000
Oxford 155,000
Derry 110,000
Stirling 35,000
City of London 10,000
city rankings London is not a city. The City of London is. The City of Westminster is. As previously addressed, Southend is also not a city, so why is it that the remaining 67 are? Belfast 335,000
Derby 250,000
Canterbury 155,000
Carlisle 110,000
Lichfield 35,000
This taxonomy of the 69 cities classifies the cities on a population hierarchy, investigating whether population is the defining factor of gaining the status in the UK. It would appear, with 21 of the cities having a population less than 100,000, this is not the case.
Leicester 330,000
Bradford 525,000
Swansea 240,000
Newport 145,000
Worcester 100,000
Newry 30,000
Though it was once true (up until 1889) that a town would earn city status by possessing a Diocesan Cathedral, the title no longer has definable boundaries. In fact, the only remaining govermental policy for definable criteria dates back to 1907 when it was agreed by King Edward VII that three targets should be met: 1. A minimum population of 300,000 2. A local metropolitan character giving a distinct identity 3. A good record of local governance (Rochester’s achilles’ heel)
the theme city status & 1889
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the 28 cairs In the United Kingdom the original cities comprised of the 28 fortified Roman cities, one of which included Cair Lundem or ‘Fort Londinium’.
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Henry VIII and the letters patent By founding dioceses, Henry VIII began the process of granting the location of the see, and its associated cathedral, the honour of city status.
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the city status drought Following the formations of dioceses and their connected cities in the 1500’s a period spanning two centuries passed with no new dioceses and therfore no cities gaining the honour of city status.
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petitioning for status Following a royal visit 1851 Manchester petitioned for the formalising of its informal status, setting a precedent for any borough with an Anglican see to petition for the honour to be granted by letters patent.
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The successful petition for city status from Birmingham in 1889 marked a break from the necessity of a link to an Anglican Diocese for future applicants.
royal celebration The honouring of Bradford, Kingston Upon Hull and Nottingham with civic status in 1897 was in celebration of the Diamond Jubilee of Queen Victoria, setting a precedent which remains active today. Both the Golden and Diamond Jubilee of Queen Elizabeth II in 2002 and 2012 resulted in the honouring of three cities.
the 3 point policy With this shift followed the implementation of a policy by King Edward VII which highlighted the three points of population, good governance and distinct identity.
69 and counting The United Kingdom now has 69 cities, with 9 cities being honoured with the status since the millenium.
the theme town of culture
t h e alternative city of culture 2 0 1 7
( s e l f - a p p o i n t e d )
Despite Southend not officially having city status it still took part in the competition for the city of culture 2017. Announced in 2013, Hull will be the UK’s city of culture 2017. The title, which is awarded every four years, is given on the basis of a cities demonstration of the transformational power of culture. Southend remains passionate in its venture to demonstrate just this and has therefore self-appointed itself as the ‘alternative city for culture 2017’ under the guidance of David Amess.
the theme the world records
southendon-sea: t h e w o r l d records 1
Most naked people on a rollercoaster at the same time
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Longest line of bunting
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Largest serving of chips
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Most naked people to play mini golf in an hour
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Longest bumper car marathon
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Largest gathering of centenarians
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Performing a concert at highest altitude in aeroplane the longest pleasure pier railway Most
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the longest pleasure pier railway
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reclaim the longest pier Southend has currently held 9 world records, but if southend is the pier and the ambition to gain the honour of city status relies upon it, setting a 10th world record as the world’s longest pier
the theme the progresso precedent
the progreso precedent The current world’s longest pier is the Progresso pier in Mexico. Progresso is a port city with a population of only 37,369 located on the gulf of Mexico. Acting as a port for large cruise ships with tourists eager to visit the state capital MÊrida or Mayan archealogical sites.
At over 4 miles in length the pier requires a 10 minute bus journey to reach the shore line from the Terminal Remota, a journey which In 2014 over 344,000 passengers took. This was a result of almost 100 cruise liners docking on the pier.
The pier was in fact extended by 4km in 1988 to ensure a depth which would allow large cruise ships to dock.
the theme losing status
c i t y o f medway
Located just over the estuary from Southend, the town of Rochester was a city for over 750 years, between 1211-1998, before losing the status on a technicality. The letters patent for Rochester city was transferred in 1982 to honour the borough of Rochester-upon-Medway with city status, however the governmental action of abolishing this borough to form the unitary authority of Medway made this patent redundant. Today then Rochester is a town and Medway still is not a city, despite attempts at rebranding itself the City of Medway during the run up to the Diamond jubilee civic status competition in 2010. The marketing faux pas is rather tragic considering their ultimate failure to gain city status in the compeition, leading them only to trouble with the Advertising Standards Authority.
the theme chasing city status
b o l t o n c o l c h e s t e r c r o y d o n d o n c a s t e r l u t o n m e d w a y middlesbrough milton keynes r e a d i n g s o u t h e n d s t o c k p o r t w r e x h a m chasing city status ‘Chelmsford is the obvious candidate as the regional centre with many of the attributes of a city and we shall do all we can to promote its magnificent history, royal connections and aspirations for the future’ Chelmsford Council leader Roy Whitehead (2011)
Southend is one of 12 towns which has placed an entry in all three competitions for city status since the turn of the millenium (2000,2002,2012) without having the status granted. Failure to win the competition in 2012 meant that Croydon has been declined the status 4 times, with the first attempt being back in 1954. The winners of the 2012 competition were St Asaph, Perth and Chelmsford. In 2011, Chelmsford Council leader Roy Whitehead raised concerns about the risk of judges frowning upon ‘a county which cannot decide which of its towns should be a city’ due to Chelmsford being in direct competition with Southend.
the theme learning from croydon
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4 learning f r o m croydon Croydon’s first failed attempt was summarised by the Assistant Under Secretary of State:
‘whatever its past history, it is now just part of the London conurbation and almost indistinguishable from many of the other Greater London boroughs’ Southend’s proximity and increased connectivity to Greater London is therefore a hindrence in its attempts at gaining the status, perhaps an indication to the reasoning behing the 3 consecutive failed applications since the millenium.
the theme speaking for southend
speaking for southend
david amess on city statusTHE
david amess on the QueenTHE
Dave Amess, MP of Southend West, specifically spoke on behalf of Southend in an attempt to earn the granting of city status on June 8th 2015. His short speech outlined the reasons, politically and otherwise, why Southend should be identifiable as a city, his most assertive being that of its role as the ‘Alternative city of culture’ in 2017.
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Speaking of the Queen on her 90th birthday on April 21st 2016 in the houses of parliment:
‘I hope that at the end of the short debate we’re having, my Honourable Friend will see to it that Southend is granted city status’
00.02.40 ‘I fully expect city status to be granted to Southend because in every respect Sothend qualifies to be a city. It certainly has its own distinct identity’
00.21.27 ‘issues that are considered include the history of a town, its vibrancy, its identity and its community: all areas, to be fair, that Southend has a strong case to make’
‘I have seen at first hand the joy that the Queen brings to people’s lives. I will never forget her visits in 1999 to the two constituencies I have represented. Residents were spontaneously thrilled with her visits, which is something that we politicians struggle to achieve.’
the theme southend is the pier
southend is the pier The criteria outlined back in 1907 lead to inital thoughts that the pier itself should be the location of the future proofing of the town’s ascendency to city status. It was through the pier that tourism flourished in the town and so the pier could again be used for the gain of Southend.
the theme the pier is southend
THE
the pier is southend With any additions to the pier to increase the town’s population it is vital to ensure the connection to ‘old Southend’. The additions to the pier then will be treated as a south southend, a footprint of the existing town which raises its population and with this allows it the gaining of city status.
the theme south southend
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south southend With only the govermental criteria in mind, it would seem that Southend’s population of only 170,000 sees it fall at the first hurdle. Perhaps an indication to its years of unsuccessful status-chasing.
than seeing the permenant sandbanks as a restraint, as they were in centuries past, they could provide the footing for this new district of Southend, a southern Southend, for the invcreased population.
1. A minimum population of 300,000
South-Southend-on-sea could see the 120,000 new inhabitants of the city as well as ticking off other items on the Southend wishlist; a marina and becoming the world’s largest pier.
Therefore, consulting the future of Southend-on-sea, the need for an increase in population of 130,000 people is necessary. With this in mind, a return to the pier may be able to provide the solution. Rather
the theme constructing south southend
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B OS C O M B E
L L E KV I SA C
SENSE OF PLACE
COMMERCE
EDUCATION
RAIL INFRASTRUCTURE
LEISURE
ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE
constructing south southend
RESIDENTIAL
Initial concepts of this extended region connected to the pier looked at the constructed land mass as a simulated region of the existing make-up of Southend. This then allows for the percentage breakdown of function and with this would hopefully ensure that the character of the seaside time remains when it is a seaside city.
the theme developing south southend
developing south southend The location of the sandbanks beside the existing pier allow for an extensive region to be directly extended from the body and pierhead of the old pier. Treating the extension of the pier in this way ensures the connectedness of the old and new with the potential for rail extensions directly from the existing infrastructure.
The mass of the extended region of south southend then becomes a playground for the leisure and tourist facilities which have supported Southend for over a century.
the theme design by population
allure of the seas 1181ft
max 4028
1181ft
max 3600
1139ft
max 3600
1139ft
max 3502
1081ft
max 3502
1112ft
max 3807
1112ft
max 3807
1093ft
max 4000
1093ft
max 4724
1020ft
max 4631
1020ft
max 4724
1112ft
max 3900
1093ft
max 3046
1130ft
max 3900
1093ft
max 2886
1062ft
max 3840
1020ft
max 3148
top 10 max 47,956
11-20 max 37,486
1115ft
carnival breeze 1004ft
carnival dream 1004ft
celebrity magic 1047ft
celebrity reflection 1047ft
celebrity silhouette 1047ft
celebrity solstice
explorer of the seas
norwegian breakaway
1115ft
disney dream
msc splendida
queen mary II
1020ft
disney fantasy
msc fantasia
independence of the seas
max 4028
max 4000
mariner of the seas
liberty of the seas
max 3090
1083ft
1020ft
adventure of the seas
navigator of the seas
freedom of the seas
max 4375
max 3807
msc preziosa
norwegian epic
southend-on-sea
1083ft
msc divina
quantum of the seas max 4905
max 4375
max 3840
regal princess
anthem of the seas max 4905
max 4375
1062ft
royal princess
oasis of the seas max 6360
max 5183
voyager of the seas
norwegian getaway
max 6360
1041ft
21-30 max 38,806
177,931 124,208 if
the top p 30 world’s largest g cruise ships p visited, the cities population would peak at p 302,139
the old pier
further-southend-on-sea
the royal pavilion
the royal promenade (4500m)
old pier head
design by population With a current population of 177,931, Southend is over 120,000 people short of the city guideline according to the 1907 three point policy.
marina
This however presents an opportunity with the already rich heritage of touristry in the seaside town. Like progresso pier in Mexico then the pier can act as a more intensive ferry terminal to allow for a nomadic population in excess of the guideline 300,000. By allowing for 30 of the world’s largest cruise ships to dock, Southend would have a temporary population which would allow its honouring with city status.
carnival dream
disney dream
221 1
explorer of the seas
msc fantasia
With its fluctuating population this means that the new pier district must be functional on all scales of habitation, appealing to few at the start and end of the season as it does for the many at peak times. The key feature of the new district is the Royal Promenade, running along the entire length of the 3 mile extension and being the centre of the seasonal Queen’s Visit celebrations.
16 1 6 15 1 5
a seasonal city The seasonal nature of tourism means that the spectacle is temporary, yet also allows for it to be annual. The Queen’s Visit then becomes a marker for the opening of each season of Southend as ‘the seasonal seaside city’.
117 7
18 1 8
19 1 9
voyager of the seas
20 2 0
222 2
23 2 3
224 4
25 2 5
26 2 6
227 7
28 2 8
29 2 9
330 0
the theme a seasonal city
msc preziosa
A Sovereign State Study
the theme royal approval
Population
333,871
1,092,330
522,452
428,234
346,090
316,915
468,720
589,900
751,485
329,839
466,415
503,127
305,680
552,698
325,837
300,000 Minimum City Population Guide
1997
2013
State Visit
2013
2015
2010
1955
1985 2015
2013 2002
2012
2005
2013 2015
2015
2009 2011
2014
1973
2014
2014
2012 2014
2014
2012 2014
2009
2014
2015 2012
2011 2012
2008
2012
2000
2012
2015
2012 2013
2012
2011
2012
2013
2012
1888
1889
1897
2000
Time Immemorial
1905
1700s
1700s
1893
1919
1880
1853
2012
2014
2012
2015
2012
2002
1957
2012
2015
2013
1993
2014
2012 2012
2002
2005
2006
2012
2015
City Status Granted
2012
2015
1975
2004
2007
2002
1897
1893
(2) Distinct Identity + (3) Good Local Government
1888
1955
A Sovereign State Study
1975 Population
333,871
1,092,330
522,452
428,234
346,090
316,915
468,720
589,900
300,000 Minimum City Population Guide
State Visit
1997
2013
2015
2013 2002
2012
2013
2015
2010
2005
2013
2011
2014 2015
2015
1973
2014
2014
2012 2014
2014
2012 2014
2009
2012 2015
City Status Granted
1888
1889
1897
2000
1905
Time Immemorial
1700s
1700s
royal approval With a prospective future in mind for Southend, it is key to consider the role of the Royalty in the process of city status. Queen Elizabeth II, now the longest reigning monarch in UK history, has granted 17 towns their city status. She has visited all 69 UK cities during her reign and on each of these formal visits has dressed accordingly. 69 outfits for 69 cities.
The Queen’s visit, and with this the necessary tour, coudl then become as much part of the identity of a city as the reasoning it was granted status to begin with.
necessary 300,000. It also shows, that of these 15 only 1 was granted within the queen’s reign. Therefore, 16 of the cities granted status since the Queen began her reign do not satisfy Edward VII’s criteria.
This diagram particularly outlines and investigates the adherence of each of the current cities to the guidelines set out in 1907 by the King. It shows that in only 15 cases does the population exceed the
How then, other than meeting this criteria, can a town earn Royal approval, and with this, the right to city status?
the theme the royal prerogative
letters patent and the royal prerogative The role of the sovereign to issue letters patents to grant the honour of city status began five centuries ago with Henry VIII. Initially the patents were issued to cities on the basis of thier being the see city of a diocese.
However, the break with this tradition in 1889 has led to the ability for any town desiring the honour to petition. The process of the commonality of these petitions has lead to the current appraoch of constructing civic competitions where town’s compete for royal favour.
It is interesting to note that within the competition guidelines the role of royal points of interest in the petitioning towns is highlighted, suggesting a bias towards such towns for the granting of the honour.
the theme a royal pier
THE QUEEN TRAVELS DOWN THE OLDEST SECTION OF THE WORLD’S LONGEST PIER TO ‘FURTHER’ SOUTHEND-ON-SEA
THE ROYAL CARRAIGE REMAINS IN SAFE STORAGE UNTIL CALLED UPON FOR THE ROYAL VISITS
THE OLD PIER HEAD REMAINS UNTOUCHED AND CAN BE VISITED FOR THOSE EAGER TO LEARN ABOUT THE HUMBLE BEGINNINGS OF
SOUTHEND-ON-SEA-CITY
R
P
ALL EYES ARE ON THE QUEEN FOR HER FIRST VISIT TO THE NEW DISTRICT.
THE ROYAL PAVILION SITS AT THE ENTRANCE TO THE EXTENDED PIER AND THE ALMOST 3 MILE ROYAL PROMENADE. THE QUEEN TRAVELS DOWN THE OLDEST SECTION OF THE WORLD’S LONGEST PIER TO ‘FURTHER’ SOUTHEND-ON-SEA
THE ROYAL CARRAIGE REMAINS IN SAFE STORAGE UNTIL CALLED UPON FOR THE ROYAL VISITS
a royal pier By enforcing an emphasis on Southend-on-sea’s royal future, the pier can act as the grand centre for the expanded future city. With the Royal pavillion already sitting at the end of the existing pier, the potential for a royal promenade running the entirety of the pier extension would provide a path 7 times the length of the mall for the queen to parade.
The royal visit would become as much the identity of Southend as the pier has served to be the past two centuries.
THE ‘ROYAL PROMENADE’ EXTENDS ALMOST 3 MILES DOWN THE THAMES ESTUARY, ALLOWING THE FURTHER SOUTHEND DISTRICT TO FEED AND ENTERTAIN A POPULATION OVER 120,000 SEASONAL VISITORS.
the theme the Queen’s visit
BREAKING NEWS
BREAKING NEWS
QUEEN VISITS FURTHER-SOUTHEND-ON-SEA
QUEEN VISITS FURTHER-SOUTHEND-ON-SEA
BREAKING NEWS QUEEN VISITS FURTHER-SOUTHEND-ON-SEA
the Queen’s visit A Royal carriage aboard the Southend Pier train would provide the Queen transport the the existing Royal Pavilion, and access to the new district of Further-Southend-on-sea.
The visit allows a proud opening of the new district with the Queen’s Letters patent granting Southend its City status and so the city itself is designed for this spectacle.
the theme the visit of the masses
the visit of the masses As the Queen embarks on the royal visit, thousands of others embark on a visit to the new district alike. The pier, in its highly extended form, becomes the location for the arrival of spectators to the Queen’s Visit.
The pier, now over 4 miles in length and the longest pier in the world, acts as a cruise port to the 30 world’s largest cruise ships from the Allure of the Seas to Queen Mary II to Disney Fantasy. The ships, all
exceeding 300 metres in length, will provide a temporary population of 124,208 people. This will give Southend a total population of 302,139, satisfying the royal criteria.
the theme programming the pier
programming the pier The proposed district has the single aim of assisting Southend in its goal of gaining city status, therefore by consulting the previous guidelines outlined for the city status competitions, the district can be customised to suit. The ‘50 photographed permenant features’ of the competition guidlines can become 50 proposed features in the program of the district. By planning South-Southend-on-sea this way the bid to gaining city status can be further supported.
d e s i g n
the competition the royal announcement
nonagenarian status civic honours competition Her Majesty The Queen has agreed that competitions may be held for a grant of city status to mark Her status as a nonagenarian in 2016. 1. Any local authority (district, borough, parish/town/community or unitary council) in any part of the United Kingdom which considers that its area deserves to be granted the rare honour of city status on this very special occasion is welcome to enter the competition by the closing date of 10 June 2016. 2. Applications may only be made by an elected local authority – normally, in respect of the entire local authority area. In recognition of the fact that the legislation underpinning local authorities is different in Scotland, however, applications may be submitted by Scottish local authorities on behalf of distinct areas within the unitary local authority boundary. 4. Although there are no specific criteria either for city status or for Lord Mayoralty / Lord Provostship, the Government is asking local authorities to submit their entries in a standard size and format, as described in Part 1 of the attached Annex. This is intended to help local authorities minimise the expense of entering the competitions and to provide the Government with a fair basis for comparison and assessment of the entries received. Local authorities are asked to keep their entries within the bounds of the standard size and format; the Government reserves the right to disregard entries or parts of entries that exceed these. 5. The Annex also provides suggestions (mainly in Part 2) as to information local authorities may wish to include and/or to highlight; these reflect Ministers’ view that the places to be honoured for the nonagenarian status of Her Majesty The Queen should be vibrant, welcoming communities with interesting histories and distinct identities. Local authorities are free to include additional or different information if they so wish but are strongly advised not to exceed the limits of the standard size and format as described in Part 1 of the Annex. Part 3 of the Annex provides answers to some possible questions on the entry process. 5. The decisions made by Her Majesty, under the Royal prerogative and on Ministerial advice, will be final and no reasons will be given. No details can be given of the assessment process but local authorities may be assured that each entry will be considered ‘in the round’, on the merits of its contents rather than on the standard of presentation. Each local authority will be sent brief comments on its entry when the results of the competitions are announced on June 11th 2016. 6. Two hard copies of each application are requested to be submitted (by post or courier) to reach the State Rooms by 4pm on the closing date, Saturday 10 June 2016. The address State Buckingham 1st L o SW1A
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7. Entrants are asked to notify the Constitutional Policy team separately when their entries are dispatched, by sending an email to the following address, giving the date of dispatch of the hard copies; the name of the local authority submitting the application, and its full contact details: n o n a g e n a r i a n @ c u l t u r e . g s i . g o v . u k . 8. Acknowledgements will be sent by email when the hard copies have been received. If no acknowledgement is received please send a further email to the above address with ‘City status entry enquiry’ and the name of the local authority area in the heading.
nonagenarian status civic honours competition
the competition the guidelines
entry guidelines 1) Format
2) Profile
3) Questions and answers on entry guidelines
Entrants are asked to confine their entries to the following limits:
Ministers take the view that the places to be honoured with city status for the nonagenarian status of Her Majesty The Queen should have supplied convincing evidence of their ability to welcome people into their areas and to provide, promote or facilitate access to a wide variety of places, activities and events.
Q1: Can we submit our entry online instead of sending hard copies?
It would therefore be helpful if local authorities could include statistical information on the resident population of their area, breaking this down between the main towns if the area includes more than one, and on economic activity, including the number of people who work (but do not reside) in the area. Information on the numbers attending schools and other educational institutions in the area would also be helpful.
Q2: Can we involve the public in the compilation of our entry?
a) An introduction comprising no more than five A4 pages of text, highlighting why the area deserves city status (or Lord Mayoralty / Lord Provostship, as appropriate), with particular reference to its age, distinct identity, history, traditions, famous residents, any associations with Royalty and any other particularly distinctive features. b) A profile of the area, including statistics, to assist understanding of the area and its bid in comparison to the bids of other applicants. Information it would be helpful to include is outlined in Part 2 below. The profile should comprise no more than 20 A4 pages (including numbers, any tables and graphics). c) Up to 50 photographs of permanent features of the area (rather than events or people), with brief captions describing what is shown. The emphasis should be on giving a representative and reasonably comprehensive impression of the area - especially the part that constitutes (for city status applicants) ‘the city centre’ - rather than photographic artistry. The photographs, with their captions, should be submitted two to a page of A4 paper and may be computer-printed rather than photographic prints. d) Two maps: an outline map (maximum A3 size) showing how the part that constitutes or would constitute ‘the city centre’ sits within the local authority area as a whole, together with a more detailed map of the area (maximum A2 size) showing the main tourist / leisure / entertainment sites and green spaces accessible to the public. The main transport routes serving these, with an indication of services’ frequency, should either be shown on the detailed map or listed in an accompanying document (no more than two A4 pages long).
In addition, local authorities are invited to include within the profile: • brief details of the local governance arrangements for the area, and • an account of the range, variety and appeal of community and ‘interest’ groups based in the area. Where readily available, statistical information (e.g. as to membership or attendance) is welcome, but local authorities are not expected to carry out extensive research. Examples of other matters on which any information (both qualitative and, especially, quantitative information) would be of particular interest include: • tourist attractions and places of interest (including museums, art galleries etc) • visitor accommodation • public green spaces • major events – please state if any are supported by the local authority in any way (e.g. with publicity) • sport and leisure facilities – again, please state if any are supported by the local authority in any way (e.g. with publicity) • local authority support (of any kind) for the voluntary sector • shopping centres. Detailed information and statistical breakdowns – particularly statistics that indicate levels of use / popularity, such as ‘footfall’ at key sites, attendance at events and so forth - are welcome, if available.
A1: No. Local authorities are welcome to send us an additional copy of their application by email if they wish, but the two hard copies stipulated in the guidelines are essential to the assessment process.
A2: Yes, by all means, so long as you do not exceed the standard size and format. Q3: Can we publish our entry on our website? A3: Yes, local authorities are welcome to publish their entries if they wish to do so. Q4: Will the Government keep our entry confidential? A4: Not necessarily. Requests for disclosure will be considered in accordance with the requirements of the Freedom of Information Act 2000. If a local authority wishes any part of its application to remain confidential it is asked to flag this up with a clear indication for us to take into account in deciding whether the information should be released. Wherever possible we would then alert the local authority before releasing such information. Q5: Can we submit a DVD / CD / video instead of photographs? A5: No, please do not do this as it would hinder the assessment of applications. Q6: Will we be penalised for sending computer print-outs rather than photographic prints? A6: No; local authorities are welcome to send computer print-outs of their photographs rather than actual prints. Q7: Can we submit our application in the form of a booklet? A7: Yes, local authorities are welcome to do this.
Local authorities are asked to specify the sources of any data and whether the figures are actual or estimated. Where possible it would be appreciated if statistics could be provided for a 12-month period (no earlier than 2014), e.g. for 2015 or for the latest 12 months for which figures are available. Local authorities are reminded that the profile should not exceed 20 A4 pages, including any figures, tables and graphics.
Q8: We cannot afford a glossy booklet/ external publishers/ research; is it still worth our entering? A8: Yes. The Government does not want local authorities to incur any undue expense entering the competition. It is the quality of the contents of the application, taken as a whole, that will be assessed, rather than the standards of presentation. Q9: We do not have data on all the points suggested in Part 2; does this matter? A9: No; please simply provide whatever you have or can readily obtain. The Government does not want local authorities to incur any undue expense by entering the competition. Q10: Will late entries be accepted? A10: No. If an entry is received late, evidence that it was dispatched
the programme a royal comparison
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4.5x The Mall
a royal comparison With the vital role which the soveriegn plays in the granting of city status the design of the south southend region has been undertaken with reference to the sovereign construct. Being a region designed specifically as a spectacle, the Mall is therefore an ideal refernce point to understand the scale of the pier extension and with this the possibilities it affords.
the programme a royal tribute
a royal tribute The decision to reference royalty led to the consideration that the pier extension could become manifest as a resemblance of the Queen herself. By combining a silhouette of the soverign with the existing
sandbanks and tide lines, the region of south southend can appear both as a royal welcoming and guarding of the thames gateway. Whether in or out.
the programme developing the port
Elizabeth Pier
developing the port The Queen’s form allows for the location of the large cruise port in an easily accessible orientation. The lining of the cruise ships on arrival additional provides the desired spectacle from the old pier head and arriving visitors by train, including the Queen herself.
the programme forming state districts
ken sing to n
wr en
cl aren c e
wi n ds or hills boro ugh
st jam e s
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forming state districts
ho llyrood
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buc king ham
ken en sing o n
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The seperation of the proposed south southend region by the existing sandbanks allows for the definition of 8 districts, named after the 8 state-owned royal residences. The districts each carry a primary role, with windsor acting as the largest and most publicly visited district.
the programme developing components
10m
500m
1000m
1500m
2000m
2160m
old pier
2500m
3000m
3500m
4000m
4500m
5000m
5500m
6000m
6500m
6600m
new pier
developing components With the required pier extension amount, to ensure the world record length and allow for the cruise port, the development of a series of components to populate the vast districts is necessary. These components allow for the threecity policy points of population, governance and character to be addressed throughout the districts of south southend and the extended pier elements.
the programme developing a distinct character
developing a distinct identity Using the components as a basis, the formation of a distinct identity for the architectures of the different aspects of the pier programme is possible.
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the masterplan forming the masterplan
the pier and royal districts masterplan The detailed masterplan of the south southend region demonstrates the isolation of the 8 state districts and the reliance on the extended pier to its functioning. Likewise, without the districts the arrival of the likelihood of the large cruise vessels visiting the port would dramatically fall. This mutually beneficial relationship mirrors that which the pier and Southend have had for over a century and continue to have today. The masterplan also allows an understand of the simple rail connection which the extended pier has with the old pier, allowing for limited impact on the pier as it stands today.
the masterplan distinct districts
Kensington & Wren
Hillsborough
Clarence Buckingham
St James
Windsor
Hollyrood
the 8 State districts The districts, like their namesakes, each have complex programmes. For instance the Kensington district, like the palace, has commerical and residential functions as well as having large open spaces and key viewing positions. The districts simulate the state residences in this way to further ensure a royal connection to the region as well as to reflect the
temporary nature of the population of each of the residences. Just as Windsor may remain empty for large periods of time, so too does its counterpart region on south Southend in periods of low tourism.
the masterplan accommodation on arrival
RESIDENTIAL & LEISURE DISTRICTS
Light & Royal Rail maintenance centre
Royal Rail station
Royal Balconies
Terminal Towers
Royal Marina Pavilion Elizabeth Pier resting points Rail connections to Clarence district
Elizabeth Pier Cruise Terminal
Residential district boundary
Leisure district gateway
Elizabeth Tower
accomodation on arrival Though each district has a mixed programme, the positioning and vast area differences allows for certain districts to harbour primary functions. One such instance is the role of the Windsor district as the first district to be populated with the arrival of cruise ships at the port. With this, neighbouring Buckingham district acts as the first face for arrivals and so is heavily populated by leisure facilities and key tourist attarctions such as the Queen’s south Southend residence.
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the masterplan kensington I J commercial district
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kensington commercial district The region culminates in the Kensington district pier head, with an the additional protruding pier completing the final 100m required to break the world record for the pier length.
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the masterplan buckingham leisure district
bu
in ck dis t rict am gh
buckingham leisure district The Buckingham leisure district is a key region due to its location beside the cruise port and Windsor district. With a large proportion of the leisure facilities and the Queen’s south Southend residence located in the district it will be a major attraction, just as its counterpart in London continues to be.
the masterplan the Queen’s journey
SOUTHEND-ON-SEA
T E R
L O N D O N
SOUTHEND-ON-SEA
G R E A T E R
the Queen’s journey The location of the south southend region allows for an easy commute from London, and specifically Buckingham palace. The direct rail connections from Southend town centre to the very end of the extended pier allows for a simple, quick and enjoyable journey, even for a Queen.
L O N D O N
arrival future fragments
future fragments The viewing/resting points along the length of the old pier act as fragmentary indicators to the new south southend region, aiming to encourage residents of Southend to also venture into the new region and to ensure its success not only as an extension of the pier but also of Southend itself.
arrival viewing points
viewing points The existing resting points along the pier present the opportunity for viewing points where Southend, south Southend and the Thames estuary are all framed. These points allow for the continued functionality of the pedestrian path of the old pier.
arrival the elizabeth line
the elizabeth line The upgrade to the old pier rail allows for a new elizabeth line which connects the centre of Southend with the new south Southend region.
arrival the cruise port
P I E R
C R U
the cruise port The cruise port is a critical region in it’s allowance of the arrival of a nomadic seasonal population. With the potenially vast numbers of arrivals the consideration of multiple cruise terminals is an importnat one, leading to the deisgn of the cruise terminals as multi-layered to adapt to a range of population arrival sizes.
I S E
T E R M
I N A L
population overlooking the windsor district
overlooking the windsor district The position of the Windsor district beside the cruise port allows it to be the first sighting of the south Southend region. With dozens of elevated stations along its surafce the vast scale fo the district is made comprehensible and also an indication to the population which can occupy it is tangible.
population where is one?
where is one? With the vast scale of the seperate districts, particularly in the case of the Windsor district, there is a necessity for signs indicating the location of sights of interest, the cruise port and the resident themselves.
population one is here
population hotels and inns
hotels and inns The temporary living requirements result in the need for hundreds of accommodation locations, allowing for a great variety of architectures and necessitating the establishment of district based chains such as the Windsor inns.
population hotel skyline
hotel skyline The more intensive regions of accommodation result in complex roofscapes which can become usable in times of spectacle for viewing the Queen’s visit and the associated celebrations. The duplication of the component architectures in these regions results in a terrace like organisation with informal streetscapes.
population ornate rooftops
ornate rooftops On close inspection many of the rootops are ornately inscribed with gilded decoration, crowning the rooftops of the accommodation of the masses.
population parade streetscapes
parade streetscapes The formal organisation of the accommodation results in vast avenues which can become informal parade routes and importantly can allow the maximum population to populate the region with ease. The varied heights and solidity of the architectures creates a dynamic roofscape which allows dramatic lighting of the district and the events which take place in it.
population parade streetscapes
population parade streetscapes
governance elizabeth and the elizabeth towers
elizabeth and the elizabeth towers the south Southend region aims to answer not only the question of suitable population for a city, but additional to ensure good governance. Forming a small part of this task is the distribution of elizabeth towers across the region with the specific role of allowing the Queen to gain an overview of the districts whilst on the royal visit.
governance watchtowers
watchtowers Acting as watchtowers, the elizabeth’s are movable architectures which can ascend to full height in less than a minute and offer panoramic views of the districts. The aim here then is to keep everything in plain sight, and more so to allow the Queen memes of the city for when making a decision on the granting of the city status honour.
governance the ascent
the ascent The view offered from the elizabeth towers at full height is one unique to the region of south Southend, by means of a distinct architecture. By visitng a number of the towers then the Queen’s visit will profit from otherwise inaccessible views which place the Queen above the region.
governance the ascent
governance ascent to celebration
ascent to celebration In times of celebration, such as the Queen’s visit, a ride up an Elizabeth tower allows for views up as well as out. The simple form of the towers allow for an enjoyment of the, potentially, cityscape in addition to supplying a means for tourists to gain extensive views of the thames estuary.
governance a royal view
a royal view A key role of the Elizabeth Towers is to allow the Queen the same experience which the balcony of Buckingham palace provides. Therefore the towers taken on a role as an outlook point as well as a podium for the enjoyment of visiting tourists.
governance a watchtower & podium
a watchtower & podium
character raised architectures
raised architectures The architectures proposed follow the seaside vernacular of the existing pier and its structures. The effect of this is to create a distinct character for south Southend which takes inspiration from the existing centre and the pier which it has grown from.
character street level
street level The street level, though covered in celebratory confetti, is a simple a saprsely occupied realm. The streets are designed to allow for the maximum population of the districts in the event that all cruise ships dock at the port in unison.
character street level
street level
character roof level
roof level The cityscape has a varying rootop landscape due to numerous Elizabeth towers and the diversity of accommodation types on offer to the possible visiting population.
character infrastructure fragments
infrastructure fragments A key aspect of designing the region of south Southend was in the consideration of the movement of the 120,000+ in the event of a fully populated occasion. Therefore, in fitting with the rich heritage of rail usage at the pier, the surface of the districts is saturated by interdistrict rail routes and direct shuttles to the cruise port.
As well as long distance travel in the region the consideration of pedestrain movement was also of utmost importance, leading to the development of walkways.
character crossrail
crossrail
character gateways
gateways The temporary nature of the visitors to south Southend qualifies the importance of signage and gateways to each of the districts.
character gateway supports
gateway supports
character gateway structure
THE
gateway structure
character gateway interior
gateway interior
character commercial kensington
commercial kensington Differing from the architectures of the more residential areas, the Kensington district has a large percentage of commercial facilties which is reflected in its architecture. The building forms are much denser the reflective surfaces close off the architectures from the region outside. Despite the differences, the celebratory atmosphere of the Queen’s visit is ever present.
character
a Kensington spectacle
a Kensington spectacle
character kensington reflections
kensington reflections
character kensington reflections
kensington reflections
royalty buckingham arrival
buckingham arrival the Queen’s arrival in the Buckingham district marks the approach of the royal prerogative for the the competition winner, and subsequent new city.
royalty buckingham arrival`
buckingham arrival
royalty the competition
Competition Announcement Busulem, sultiquam milibuscit vil consil uteaturnis hae popubitiam se caeque pracchuit, obut L. Sate furesillerem us, nox manditante egitiam in terebus, furnimpl. Robses! Nos confec obusus hiliciam in Etris inverei squerce egit L. Arte adhuidi esteata obsentela diusule ssedess intinatus conihil icestorbit? Aliis nules hil vividesus estiae pro etil condampos eliis mum te distilii pricien dictuit, qua publicaed ce nonlocam itam adduc mus tusquo vistiena, consuppl. Qua nortem
facrivente, nos nondi, quam iu ips, quam truntem publium, fintius fita octuam adesiss enatora vidiem. es! Finatu consuppl. Ivivemq ueriore immoribut vesi sena, sula nequam num us bonsullest? quiu intemus conimis noc omnihil nenium condii in atra inte, es bonenatia id nono. comacch uidela vivirisquid ceps, vena, se, Catrum in satuam ficautu squius hine con ternihi liquit vis. Marbit? quam terecribus vitum horum dit, quam molinterit, num dinpror urobsen dienatque
dit, conducia tum perum ciocre temus fint det cut intemen iricaedo, novil conduci perimus, occhus publium in peris, Cupion tua nos, am temus conterfic furebulictum locto et, quid Cupered nor unumununit; Castrat udeatiaede consul virit. Aximusse estre nimusum patum qui pescendi publi, uterion simoene esidessa re tem probsena imissoltum, viu que mentero hil hacrena tricata occhiciis intions hactorum manum ommordi istore, consus
royalty the Queen’s residence triptych
Queen’s residence triptych
royalty buckingham district residences
buckingham district residences
royalty 23,451 QE st
THE
23,451, Queen elizabeth street
royalty 23,451 QE st
23,451 QE st
royalty 23,451 QE st
23,451 QE st
royalty 23,451 QE st
23,451 QE st
royalty 23,451 QE st
23,451 QE st
royalty 23,451 QE st
23,451 QE st
royalty 23,451 QE st
23,451 QE st
royalty signing the letters patent
THE
signing the letters patent The letters patent room within the Queen’s Buckingham district residence.
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film spoofs of southend
spoofs of southend Southend News Network, carrying the slogan ‘the latest news from Southend, honest...’, publish daily articles via their website and facebook account. Starting out in October 2015, the spoof news network is headed by a ‘single employee’, the self-declared Chief Reporter. Now with over 13,000 page likes on facebook and a weekly reach of 200,000 users, senior media officials at Southend council have in fact approached and met with the Chief Reporter. Southend then is no stranger to spoofs and speculations.
film ma’am
the protagonist
film the Queen’s visit
Recent Journeys Southend Central
Green Park
Get Me Home
...
Get Me To Work
...
Setup Commute
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Get Me Somewhere 1 Saved Place
Get Me Home
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Get Me To Work
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Setup Commute
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Recent Journeys Southend Central
Green Park
... 72
citymapper for the alternative city
film an underground mirage
an underground mirage
film the pier
the pier
film a red arrow
a red arrow
film a model aesthetic
a model aesthetic
film celebration
celebrations with falling confetti
film the royal spectacle
the royal spectacle
film the royal visit
the royal visit
research modelling a model
modelling a model
film the colour script
the colour script
film the model room
the model room