June 15, 2015 by Ka Leo O Hawai‘i

OSOYAMI: THE BEST SLIDERS ON THE ISLAND

FEATURES P. 8

HAUNTED CLASS WORKS ON PRESERVATION P. 3 American Studies professors take students on a field trip to the cemetery.

LOCAL HIGH SCHOOL'S NAME HONORS RS A LIE L IE E OPINIONS P. 4 ISSUE.04 VOLUME.110

MON, JUNE 15 - SUN, JUNE 21, 2015 WEBSITE / KALEO.ORG TWITTER + INSTAGRAM / KALEOOHAWAII FACEBOOK.COM / KALEOOHAWAII

Med school leads

EBOLA FIGHT UH scientist Axel Lehrer spearheads the struggle to create an accessible Ebola vaccine P.2

 W H AT ’D I MISS?

UH players to leave for thee big leagues

Double Stuf Oreos and American illiteracy rates Doub

Two of the three pitchers for UH’s men’s baseball team were selected to go pro in the 2015 Major League Baseball First-Year Playerr Draft.

With effec effective product misspellings like “stuf” in “Double Stuf Oreos,” America is more than just a sweet tooth: the educational system may be catching a cavity. feeding m

WANT TO KNOW MORE? TINYURL.COM/OVOUXE3

WANT TO KNOW KN MORE? VISIT TINYURL.COM/P97RW3N

MONDAY, JUNE 15, 2015

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE

NEWS

news@kaleo.org @kaleoohawaii

Courtney Teague News Editor

Shiwani Johnson Associate News Editor

St. Clement’s Episcopal Church 1515 Wilder Ave (at Makiki St) Near #4 & #18 Bus Lines

808.955.7745 info@stclem.org

Sunday Services (7:30 am and 10:15 am) Sunday Bible Study & Adult Discussion (8:45 am) Sunday School & Nursery (10 am) Healing Service Wednesdays (10 am) UH MED / FLICKR 

As of June 9, there have been 11,178 deaths from the Ebola virus since December 2013.

BL E A IL FO A V R A

RENT

Quiet studio in Manoa available for rent immediately. $990/month rent plus $60/month utilities.

Call 282-1648 to schedule a viewing

• 1 Person Studio • Street Parking • NO PETS

GIVE THE GIFT OF MOTHERHOOD

become an Egg Donor Fertility Institute of Hawaii is proud to help donor egg patients to achieve their dreams of having a family.

Why Donate? Give the gift of motherhood Generous compensation for your time ($3,000-$5,000) Donate more than once Immediate opportunity for all ethnicities Flexible scheduling options

General Donor Qualiﬁcations Ages 21-28 Good general health Drug and disease free College educated donors in high demand Non-smoker

CALL the Donor Nurse Coordinator TODAY at

808-380-8940 for more information

Hale Pawa’a

1401 South Beretania St. Suite 250

Honolulu, HI 96814

www.ivfcenterhawaii.com

Battling barriers in Ebola vaccine Despite encountering challenges, the effort continues MASON HIGA STAFF WRITER

A University of Hawai‘ i assistant professor is still working to push past obstacles with his creation of a heat-tolerant Ebola vaccine. Dr. Axel Lehrer, assistant professor at the John A. Burns School of Medicine (JABSOM), is working with Hawaii Biotech (HBI), a local biotechnology company, and Soligenix, a mainland biopharmaceutical company, to produce a vaccine that woudld protect against the Zaire ebolavirus, the species of Ebola that caused the 2014 outbreak in West Africa. Lehrer said that funding is the biggest obstacle in the way of clinical trials. He estimates that he will need about $3-5 million to start testing the effectiveness of the vaccine on humans. Currently, his Ebola vaccine has been shown to work in mice, guinea pigs and non-human primates. However, this does not mean that it is guaranteed to be successful in humans. If the vaccine is proven to be safe and effective for humans, Lehrer wants to ensure that this will beneﬁt all people who are at risk and need protection from the Ebola virus. “There’s also that common saying, ‘mice lie,’ because you get a certain result in mice and then you go to humans and it does not always go the same way,” Lehrer said. “Ultimately, we don’t know. It could be more or less immunogenic in humans.” Lehrer also needs to determine if his and the other National Institutes of Health (NIH) candidates’ vaccines might cause a risk for a secondary infection with a different species of Ebola virus. “That’s why we have so much more research to do to really understand how these ﬁloviruses work,” Lehrer said. PARTNERING UP

“This partnership will leverage

the research capability and the expertise in tropical medicine here at JABSOM with HBI’s experience in developing commercially viable vaccines against viruses that infect humans,” said Dr. Vivek Nerurkar, chair of Tropical Medicine, Medical Microbiology and Pharmacology at JABSOM in a statement. Dr. Elliot Parks, CEO of HBI, said his company’s extensive experience in vaccine-development would be a major asset in Lehrer’s quest to create a new Ebola vaccine. Soligenix will work on giving the vaccine the ability to be stored without needing constant refrigeration, which is a process called thermostabilization. According to the World Health Organization, 50 percent of vaccine doses worldwide end up being spoiled from higher temperatures. “As far as I have control, I will make sure that future partnering and licensing agreements will always keep in mind the aspect of access for all,” Lehrer said. WORKING WITHOUT EBOLA

Lehrer’s vaccine contains no live virus, unlike other Ebola vaccines that are currently being tested by the NIH. The other candidate vaccines use a weakened virus to provoke the immune system into building up protection. Lehrer’s vaccine will draw from the identifying tags on the outside of the Ebola virus called surface glycoproteins. Cultivating tissues that have been made to express these particular proteins, or antigens, Lehrer puriﬁes and uses them as the key ingredient. “It is nothing else than a tiny, little amount of a high quality protein, and our body is exposed to that all the time, everyday,” Lehrer said. As the Ebola virus needs these tags to enter and infect a cell, blocking them will block the virus as well. In this way, the vaccine is able to teach the immune system to keep the virus out without intro-

ducing the virus itself into the body. Lehrer’s vaccine can also be used for each booster dose that is needed to maintain the protection. In comparison, another NIH-candidate vaccine cannot be used again on a patient, which means that different booster vaccines need to be developed. In addition, Lehrer is trying to develop another vaccine to address not just Zaire ebolavirus, but the Sudan and Marburg viruses as well. He is currently balancing the immune system’s response to the three different antigens and hopes to test for effectiveness in the next several months. LAB LIFE

The research environment that Lehrer works in is not so different from an undergraduate lab, particularly for organic chemistry. “Most of organic chemistry is actually purification, and that’s the same when you do antigen production,” Lehrer said. The main difference lies in the materials that students and Lehrer work with. Organic chemistry involves many potentially dangerous solvents, whereas Lehrer works with sensitive DNA and tissue cultures that need to be kept free of any contaminants. “Here, we need to protect the things we work with from us,” he said. Lehrer enjoys pushing the boundaries with the research that he does. Ten years ago, he had not expected his first data with the vaccine to show efficacy. Scientific papers published in the 1990s stated that subunit vaccines like his would not work on the Ebola virus. “The joy in that is really to bring something that is safe and effective,” Lehrer said. “Biomedical research ... is not something where you get rich. But, it is something that is fulfilling because you know that you’re doing your job in making the world a safer and better place.” Ka Leo O Hawai‘i

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE news@kaleo.org @kaleoohawaii

Courtney Teague News Editor

MONDAY, JUNE 15, 2015

NEWS

Shiwani Johnson Associate News Editor

Revisiting NASA’s Stardust mission TOM LINDER STAFF WRITER

A team of scientists, led by University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa geophysics professor Ryan Ogliore, released a study using material returned from NASA’s Stardust mission to better understand the building blocks of our solar system. “This study he’s done is the ﬁrst in the world,” Kazu Nagashima, Ogliore’s colleague, said. The study, published in collaboration with a team at University of California-Berkeley in April’s edition of Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, found that dust and rocks collected from the comet were much more diverse than scientists previously thought, leading to potential explanations how the solar system started. STARDUST MISSION

NASA’s Stardust ﬂyby mission of comet Wild 2 used spacecraft to

collect particles from the comet’s tail in a low density silica aerogel while moving at about six kilometers per second. These particles were then returned to Earth, where Ogliore and his colleagues at UH Mānoa, Nagashima and Gary Huss, could study them. “The Stardust mission was a sample return mission. When Stardust was launched, we didn’t really have any return samples from space since the Apollo missions,” Ogliore said. According to Ogliore, the comet is comprised of a vastly diverse range of material. “To get the diversity that we saw in the comet, we would need oxygen that’s consistent with the sun and also consistent with these exotic objects that we see in all these different meteorite classes,” he said. The dust and rocks couldn’t have been made in the same way, yet were found next to each other. “This really primitive stuff and

ice is sitting right next to an igneous rock, within a millimeter. These things have had such dramatically different history, and they’re together in the comet right now,” Ogliore said. Determining the composition of the small, microscopic dust from the comet turned out to be a challenge for Ogliore and his team. “[The small dust] is so small and it’s so mixed with that silica aerogel that we collected it in that most people have given up on analyzing it. They thought, ‘Well it’s lost,’” he said. Ogliore’s team worked with a group at UC Berkeley to come up with innovative techniques to examine tiny dust from the comet. According to Nagashima, who was responsible for operating the machine that analyzed the so called lost samples, the tiny sample size required a better focus of the beam of ions as well as optimizing the collecting efﬁciency. “Our main instrument is called

the ion microprobe,” Nagashima said. “I use high energy ions to make a hole in the sample, in the scale of microns, then excavate some materials from the sample, then analyze the isotopes.” EXPLAINING THE FINDINGS

Discovering immensely different materials right next to each other led to two different explanations as to how the comet could have been constructed. The ﬁrst explanation compares the life of the comet to a garbage collector in the solar system, collecting an enormously diverse range of material from different places throughout the solar system during its creation. However, Ogliore believes a second explanation is more likely to be true. “The second situation is that this isn’t stuff from the inner solar system,” Ogliore said. “This is primitive dust that never saw the inner solar system that was out near

the comet, and this really is those primitive building blocks that we thought the entire comet would be made out of.” NEW POSSIBILITIES

Ogliore hopes to ﬁnd new ways to analyze the material in order to answer how the comet was constructed, as well as questions about Earth’s history. “People wonder how Earth has as much water as it does … Earth formed too close to the sun to have as much water as it does,” Ogliore said. “So it’s speculated that water is delivered either by asteroids or comets … It’s kind of an unsolved problem, but it’s an important problem.” Ogliore is excited about the new technology being developed at UH Mānoa in this ﬁeld. Previously, studies like this needed to be done off island. “Pretty soon we’ll be able to do that here at UH, so we can kind of do the full spectrum of stuff,” Ogliore said.

UH Mānoa students preserve cemeteries Multidiciplanary approach saves O‘ahu’s history one tombstone at a time SHIWANI JOHNSON ASSOCIATE NEWS EDITOR

Over a two-week period, students worked with the University of Hawai‘ i at Mānoa’s American Studies department to preserve some of O‘ahu’s cemeteries through a historic preservation program. Project participants worked at cemeteries such as Ma‘ema‘e Chapel Cemetery in Nu‘uanu and Pauoa Hawaiian Cemetery in Punchbowl to record tombstone data, took photos of markers and mapped graveyards. The project started June 1, with a Historic Cemetery Preservation and Community Capacity Building workshop as a type of orientation for students and community members participating in the project, according to UH Mānoa Historic Preservation Program’s Facebook page. “In Hawai‘i, there have been a handful of community-based cemetery restoration projects over the last 20 years, but this is the only one that has brought together both the general community and students from any college or university,” said Nanette Napoleon, director of the Hawai‘i Cemetery Research Project. STUDENTS PRESERVING HISTORY

Preservation and history experts

Richard Miller of Kalaupapa National Historic Park, as well as Noelle Kahanu and Bill Chapman of UH Mānoa’s American Studies department are using his or her set of skills to help the diverse group students take away something special from this project. For example, Miller, known in part for his work gravesite preservation efforts at the historic leprosy exile site in Kalaupapa, Moloka‘ i, taught students different techniques for dealing with tombstone preservation. Different types of stones develop

how to put all the data together to create a viable burial index and map,” Napoleon said. According to Chapman, graduate students from the departments of Architecture, American Studies and more all signed up for the three credit summer course. The class is usually a month long, versus the two weeks that are being offered this year, as part of the course offerings for Historic Preservation Certiﬁcate within the graduate American Studies program. “Having students with various [training] disciplines such as archi-

Having students with various [training] disciplines ... has really made a big impact on the quality of the work being done. – NANETTE NAPOLEON HAWAI‘I CEMETERY RESEARCH PROJECT DIRECTOR

growths, said Chapman, and granite tombstones develop a green-grey growth called lichen. Miller taught students to clean the growths on granite, marble and limestone tombstones. “My responsibilities for this project were to teach the students how to record tombstone inscription data, how to take photos of markers, how to map a graveyard, and

tecture, American history, and archaeology has really made a big impact on the quality of the work being done,” Napoleon said. “It has greatly exceeded my expectations, and I feel grateful to have been able to work with these students.” Chapman said that he is happy to see that students from all different ﬁelds interested in the preservation of Hawai‘ i’s history.

UH SYSTEM / FLICKR 

Data gathered from tombstones contributed to the Kaumakapili burial records.

CONTRIBUTING TO ARCHIVES

According to UH News, UH Mānoa students and preservation experts, alongside other community members, are also documenting the information they find on the tombstones and putting it in archives. The information found in burial records, such as those of the Kaumakapili Church or those provided by the state, are not always easy to use or access. The names, dates and history recorded on tombstones and gravesites can be beneficial to archives and burial records such as those. Chapman said that the data collected from students will be added to the burial records at Kamaukapili Church and depending on the situation, a copy will be given to the state for its own archives. “The final burial records and maps created [from the project] will

greatly enhance the public’s ability to ﬁnd [and] search for ancestral burial sites,” Napoleon said. At cemeteries like Ma‘ema‘e Chapel Cemetery, a large portion of the tombstones belong to Native Hawaiians and other families with deep ties to the area, according to UH News. Some of the older gravestones date back to the second half of the 19th century. Through their ﬁeld work, students can develop a deep connection to and appreciation of the community. According to Chapman, his colleague, Kahanu, has ties to one of the cemeteries the preservation project is working on. Chapman said that community histories can be found in cemeteries and Kahanu named the Ma‘ema‘e Chapel Cemetery as having examples of people who were born and died in Nu‘uanu area. Ka Leo O Hawai‘i

MONDAY, JUNE 15, 2015

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE

OPINIONS

opinions@kaleo.org @kaleoopinions

hostile attitude to the opposing side and that they are ﬁghting for their country, and the result is the institutionalized violence of jingoism. JINGOISM AND ITS EFFECTS ON SOCIETY

Culture of war The American military machine abuses human life MIRSASHA / FLICKR 

Demonstrators marched in protest of the Iraq War in downtown Austin, Texas. JESSICA HENAO STAFF WRITER

The United States has one of the largest active military forces in the world. Our country has been fighting wars from its first days and through the “military interventions” of the present. Our military industrial complex is not a force for good because of its effects on people’s mental health and the country’s economy. It trains people in aggression, which causes trouble in their personal lives. The current PTSD epidemic among veterans is due to the American culture of militarism and interventions in recent conflicts. HUMANS AND AGGRESSION

Americans don’t just wake up and decide to go to war; they are trained to do so by the U.S. military

industry. But militarism is part of our culture because it’s a mindset and a lifestyle. From the upbringing of a person until that person enlists in the military, aggression is closely related to access to weapons. The comfort of going hunting and killing animals carries over to decisions about going to a shooting range for “fun,” and ﬁnally to facility with shooting another human being. The so-called “weapons effect” is an established ﬁnd of social psychology. A classic 1977 study discovered that a revolver placed as an environmental cue close to an angered person automatically stimulates aggressive thoughts and actions. The results have been replicated again and again. Let’s analyze the U.S. military in relation to these studies. Give people weapons, train them to have

The Oxford English Dictionary defines jingoism as the “extreme patriotism, especially in the form of aggressive or warlike foreign policy.” Jingoism not only informs U.S. politics, but it also pervades our entire culture, which can have unwelcome consequences. Take for example the story of ex-Navy SEAL Chris Kyle, considered the most lethal sniper in U.S. history for having logged 150 confirmed kills during his duty tours in Iraq. The film “American Sniper” was based on Kyle’s autobiographical story portraying the effects of

2013 by U.S. Marine Corps veteran and friend Eddie Ray Routh – who also suffered from PSTD. In reaction to Kyle’s death, republican presidential candidate and opponent to the Iraq War Ron Paul tweeted callously, “he who lives by the sword dies by the sword.” INCREASING PTSD EPIDEMIC

According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and the Friends of the National Library of Medicine, PSTD affects about 7.7 million American adults, although the disorder can affect all ages. Members of the military exposed to combat are at high risk for developing PTSD, which is often accompanied by depression, substance abuse, or other anxiety disorders. NIH reports that PSTD has affected almost 31 percent of Viet-

The current PTSD epidemic among veterans is due to the American culture of militarism and interventions in recent conﬂicts. jingoism: his mindset was to defend American soldiers from Iraqi ﬁghters using violence. He took this comfort with violence home. After returning from service, Kyle believed that taking friends who suffered from post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to a shooting range would relieve their condition. It was at a shooting range where Kyle was killed with his own gun in

nam veterans, 10 percent from those in the Gulf War, 11 percent of veterans of the war in Afghanistan and 20 percent of Iraq War veterans. The solution to preventing PSTD is to prevent actions that may result in violence; this may include banning gun ownership. According to Pew Research Center, there are about 210 million to 317 million guns in the U.S. – close to one ﬁrearm for every man, woman and

Pavel Stankov Opinions Editor

child. 37 percent say that they or someone they know owns one. INVISIBLE WAR

Non-profit and non-partisan National Priorities Project estimates that in fiscal year 2015 military spending will be $598.5 billion and will account for 54 percent of all federal discretionary spending. Though the military budget is immense, other issues like homelessness and poverty are neglected. According to the State of Homelessness in America 2014, “on a single night in January 2013, 610,042 people were experiencing homelessness,” out of whom 7.3 percent were veterans. Despite that, many warmongers believe that the fight is for their country, but it’s really for the agenda of the U.S. military-industrial complex. Its victims are those caught up in between, the innocent, the destroyed countries and cities. The military-industrial complex excuses violence with a “fight for our country” and does not see the damage it causes to humanity. People’s lives are put on the line and many wounded veterans today are rejected from society after being used by the government. Injustices like those are happening everyday in the U.S. Instead of marching with machinery in our hands and the American flag posted in our hearts, we should work to solve the problems before us. Once the U.S. prioritizes its issues and sets aside agendas, peace and prosperity can be restored. Ka Leo O Hawai‘i

McKinley High School gets history wrong Name the school after alumnus Dan Inouye

JASON HONG / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I 

McKinley High School was originally established as the Fort Street English Day School in 1865. TOMOKI KOBAYASHI STAFF WRITER

Medal of Honor recipient, former U.S. Sen. Daniel Inouye.

On the grounds of McKinley High School there is a statue of the school’s namesake, President William McKinley, that is degrading to Hawai‘i and its people. The scroll in the statue’s right hand is marked as “Treaty of Annexation,” which is a document that doesn’t exist. Hawai‘i was illegally annexed to the U.S. through a joint resolution, known as the Newlands Resolution. A resolution is an act of Congress that has no legal power in a foreign country like the Republic of Hawai‘ i at the time. The very naming of McKinley High School after the president who signed the resolution of annexation is problematic. If the idea is to name it after somebody to honor his or her role in Hawaiian history, it should be McKinley alumnus and

THE LOGISTICS OF THE ‘ANNEXATION’

This is not the first time McKinley High School has been criticized over the statue. In 2011, the State of Hawai‘i House Committee on Hawaiian Affairs requested the removal of the words “Treaty of Annexation” from the statue with the unsuccessful bill HR258. In 2013, Windward Community College lecturer Keanu Sai also pointed out the statue’s historical inaccuracy. “The only way to acquire the sovereignty and territory of another country is through a treaty, which is an agreement between two countries,” said Sai, who has a Ph.D. in Political Science from UH Mānoa, in an email interview. Sai outlined the three-step process: negotiation, ratification from each side and exchange of ratifications

between the sides. None of this happened in the annexation of Hawai‘i. Instead, there were two failed attempts for a treaty. The ﬁrst one was after the overthrow of the monarchy in 1893; President Cleveland stopped the process on the grounds of it being a “lawless occupation.” The second was under the pro-annexation McKinley in 1897. The Senate halted the move because of a 556-page petition containing 21,269 signatures from the Hawaiian Patriotic League protesting the annexation. With the breakout of the Spanish-American War in 1898, however, the U.S. reconsidered its decision. The war, part of which was fought in the Philippines, brought to light the strategic value of the Hawaiian Islands as a mid-Paciﬁc fueling station. Having failed to pass the annexation through a treaty, which would require a 2/3-majority vote to ratify,

Congress turned to a joint resolution drafted by Congressman Francis Newlands. “The problem is that a joint resolution is not a treaty,” Sai said. “The U.S. Congress could no more annex Hawai‘ i in 1898 then it could pass a joint resolution of annexation of Canada today. U.S. laws have no force beyond U.S. territory.” The joint resolution ignored the fact that the Republic of Hawai‘ i was a sovereign state that held a set of governing institutions over a deﬁnite territory and population. On July 7, 1898, Hawai‘ i became a victim of unlawful acquisition. MCKINLEY HIGH SCHOOL AND THE STATUE

In 1907 the Territory of Hawai‘ i administration named Honolulu High School “President William McKinley High School” and commissioned the $8,000 statue.

Students today don’t seem to know much about their school’s namesake. Lise Michelle, one of the 2014 graduates said that the curriculum doesn’t cover much about who William McKinley was or how he was relevant to Hawai‘i; the president is usually referenced for extra-credit points on quizzes. The High School Administration was not able to answer questions about the statue and the state Department of Education didn’t respond to an inquiry about it. Although respecting traditions is certainly admirable, following them blindly and without understanding their meaning can be offensive to others. It is controversial that there is a public high school named after William McKinley in Hawai‘i, a nation illegally annexed under his command. What do you think? Let us know @KaLeoOpinions

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE opinions@kaleo.org @kaleoopinions

MONDAY, JUNE 15, 2015

OPINIONS

Pavel Stankov Opinions Editor

Hawai‘ i’s strict gun laws are unconstitutional There’s a golden mean between public safety and the law

EMPLOYMENT ON-CAMPUS PART-TIME ASSISTANT TREE MAINTENANCE WORKER Lyon Arboretum - $10.60/hour Close Date: 7/1/15 or when ﬁlled Primary duties involve assisting the Arborist in tree work operations; pruning, removals, climbing, rigging operations to lower branches, utilizing chainsaws, pole saws and handsaws, hauling/piling brush and wood debris, and trail maintenance. Other duties may include lawn and garden maintenance; the use of lawn mowers, blowers, weed-eaters, and pulling weeds. Able to learn how to differentiate different types of trees, and to identify common problems with trees (such as rot, wind damage, poor structure). Job Number: 128882

KEARY O / FLICKR 

According to the non-profit Violence Policy Center, Hawai‘ i’s gun death rate is the second lowest in the nation at 3.56 per 100,000 people. SPENCER LOWE STAFF WRITER

On May 29, the Texas state legislature approved a bill allowing the open carry of firearms for anyone with a concealed carry permit. Meanwhile in Hawai‘i, the future of gun laws is still uncertain. In March 2014, Hawai‘i’s May-Issue gun laws were deemed unconstitutional by the 9th Circuit Court. Currently, however, the law remains in effect while the ruling is appealed. No one wants to see Hawai‘ i go to the extremes of the new Texas bill, but the circuit court ruling should stand. New legislature based on it would put Hawai‘ i gun law at the sweet spot of adherence to the constitution and safety. As the state moves forward with the appeal process and, hopefully, drafts new laws, it should keep safety and constitutionality in the forefront. At the risk of sounding reactionary, the Second Amendment designates that “the right of the people to keep and bear arms shall not be infringed” without stipulating, “if local officials think it’s okay.” In Hawai‘ i, they almost never think it’s okay: in 2014 there were only 218 permits given and these went to security firms’ personnel. All 21 private concealed carry applicants from last year were denied. In fact, there was only one person allowed such a permit since 2010. Refusing to issue anyone not associated with a corporation a concealed carry permit infringes on the American right to bear arms. The circuit court’s ruling removes that injustice. TYPES OF CONCEALED CARRY LAWS

There are now three types of concealed carry jurisdictions: Unrestricted, Shall-Issue and May-Issue. The last No-Issue jurisdiction was in the District of Columbia,

whose law was successfully challenged on July 26, 2014. Not allowing concealed carry infringes on the Second Amendment, which is why Hawai‘i’s laws have been ruled unconstitutional. Unrestricted jurisdictions do not require any permit for residents to carry a concealed ﬁrearm. Alaska, Arizona, Arkansas, Kansas, Vermont and Wyoming are the only states with such laws. Some unrestricted states allow their concealed carry permits to be used in other states. Most states are Shall-Issue. The origin of the name comes from the practice: a permit shall be issued to any applicant who meets predetermined requirements. In most legislatures this encompasses people who have not been convicted of a federal offence and are mentally healthy. In May-Issue states like Hawai‘i, local law enforcement maintains the right to deny concealed carry permits. This is where it gets fuzzy because individual state regulations can vary greatly in restrictiveness.

Court ruling does not put Hawai‘ i’s impeccable gun related death rate at risk because the laws keeping residents safe will still be in effect. The only state to have a lower gun death rate than Hawai‘ i is Rhode Island, which has the same May-Issue statute. In practice, however, the two states are very different. Rhode Island requires law enforcement to “show a cause” not to issue the concealed carry permit, making it in effect a Shall-Issue state. Hawai‘ i is the opposite: our law enforcement requires the applicant to provide proof that they are in danger and that they should be given a permit. In reality, however, we often don’t know we are in danger until it’s too late. Our May-Issue statute could be reformed to put it within the bound of the Second Amendment using Rhode Island as a model. At the same time, as Hawai‘ i moves forward, we should keep in mind that the precedent set by the circuit court’s ruling may end up dangerous. Undoing any more

The Second Amendment designates “the right to keep and bear arms” without stipulating, “ if local ofﬁcials think it’s okay.” SAFETY VS. CONSTITUTIONALITY

In 2014, Hawai‘i had the second lowest firearm related death rate in the nation. This may be because all firearms are required to be registered with the state to keep track of them. The permit to purchase is acquired separately from the permit for concealed carry. In 2014, 94.5 percent of local applicants were issued permits. States like Mississippi, Louisiana and Alaska, which do not require registration or permits to purchase firearms, have the highest gun related death rates. The 9th District

OFF-CAMPUS PART-TIME

OFFICE ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT Servpac, Inc. - $15.00/hour Close Date: 9/4/15 or when ﬁlled

A well-established local technology and service company is looking for a part time administrative assistant with the possibility for full time employment. The responsibilities include but are not limited to: Assisting with all aspects of administrative management, e.g. data entry, maintaining aesthetics of the ofﬁce and receptionist duties; managing inventory; accounts receivables; etc. Job Number: 142488

OFF-CAMPUS FULL-TIME

ASSOCIATE APPLICATION DEVELOPER Hawaii Medical Service Association (HMSA) - Salary: TBD Close Date: 7/1/15 or when ﬁlled Responsible for analysis, design, development, maintenance and support of small or stand-alone applications working within standard guidelines. Requires specialized knowledge of appropriate development tools and ability to complete most development tasks independently. Responsibilities include, but may not be limited to, the following: Participates in the project planning process with team members, sometimes with clients and business analysts; Assists in the development of work plan timelines, etc. Job Number: 113702

INTERNSHIPS & COOPERATIVE EDUCATION CO OP WHAT IS Co-op? Like internships, Co-ops are education-based and careerrelated. It is a nation-wide program comprised of a partnership between the employer, the student and the university. Co-ops are paid and require a two semester commitment. MARKETING AND SALES ASSISTANT CO-OP Ceridian Compensation: $10.00/hour Close Date: 7/30/15 or when ﬁlled

restrictions for the sake of constitutionality would put lives at risk because universal concealed carry without a permit or registration would make it more difficult for law enforcement to catch criminals. In addition, it would make it more difficult to identify those who should not have a firearm in the first place. The deregulation should stop with this ruling, which finds a golden mean between safety and constitutionality.

Ceridian is a leader in human capital management with more than 100,000 clients across the globe. The Marketing & Sales Assistant will assist marketing representatives in setting up initial product sales meetings with potential clients and customer follow-up. In addition to base pay, there is potential for performance and other bonuses.

What do you think? Let us know @KaLeoOpinions

hawaii.edu/sece

Junior, Senior, or Graduate student. Business majors preferred or Liberal Arts majors with interest in sales. Undergrad min GPA 2.0, grad GPA 3.0 and willing to work for a minimum of two semesters. In addition to base pay, there is potential for performance and other bonuses. Job Number: 122

To apply for these jobs, go to

MONDAY, JUNE 15, 2015

COMICS

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE

SPORTS

Caleb Hartsfield Comics Editor

sports@kaleo.org @kaleosports

Ken Reyes Interim Sports Editor

Christian Shimabuku Associate Sports Editor

Bipolar by Brittany Correa

Hawai‘ i’s Man Will Marcus Mariota be successful in the NFL? CHRISTIAN SHIMABUKU ASSOCIATE SPORTS EDITOR

Thoughts by Caleb Hartsfield

*clicks*

let’s see what’s on facebook...

*scrolls*

that looks delicious, I’ll like that

*scrolls*

*clicks*

“Jack Black met Jack White, what happened next made this man cry”

“Buzzfeed: The 13 moments from your childhood, you don’t remember”

let’s see what’s on instagram

*clicks*

let’s see what’s on twitter

a link to a reddit post

which links to an article... ”how technology consumes you”

*scrolls*

*clicks*

Describing the many attributes of Tennessee Titans rookie quarterback Marcus Mariota — both on and off the field — without fulsome testimonies of those who have come across him, is almost impossible. However, in the inevitably rough nature of the National Football League (NFL), one teammate said that he is willing to “fight to the death” with Mariota. That teammate would be Zach Mettenberger, another quarterback and most likely Mariota’s backup. However, after the Titans began their organized team activities (OTAs), the general consensus is that there won’t be a fight at all – and for good reason. Considering what the Titans did or didn’t give up to keep Mariota is a strong indicator of what the organization thinks of him. Teams such as the Philadelphia Eagles, San Diego Chargers and Cleveland Browns were willing to sacrifice a considerable amount of their future via high draft picks and star players such as Phillip Rivers in order to get Mariota. Not only did the Titans invest highly in Mariota, they got assets for him to work with as well. Six of the team’s eight picks were on the offensive end. Like it or not, the time for Mariota to turn the Titans around is now. But how did he get in this position in the first place? Mariota, an O‘ahu native, received only two scholarship offers out of high school – the University of Hawai‘ i was not one of them. For Oregon head coach and then-offensive coordinator Mark Helfrich, it was love at first sight and he knew he had something special in Mariota. Mariota committed to play for the University of Oregon-shortly after as a relatively unknown threestar recruit. Mariota, who was a starter for only one season at Saint Louis School, became the first freshman to start a season opener for the Ducks in 22 seasons. And the rest is history. Mariota enjoyed one of the most decorated careers in college football history, leading the Ducks to a 365 record over a three-year career, as well as an appearance in the 2015 College Football Playoff National Championship Game. In the 2014 season, he set the record for most individual awards won in a single season, capped by becoming

the ﬁrst ever Hawai‘ i-born athlete to win college football’s highest honor – the Heisman Trophy. “To Hawai‘ i Nei, thank you for teaching me humility and respect ... two aspects of my life that I will never change,” Mariota said in his Heisman acceptance speech. It is this perspective that has made Mariota beloved by coaches, teammates and fans alike (not to mention becoming the pride of Hawai‘i in the process). According to SportsPro, Mariota is the 39th most marketable athlete, despite the fact that he is a rookie. Mariota has cashed in with endorsement deals from Nike, Beats By Dre, Subway and First Hawaiian bank. A six-year downward spiral, symbolized by no playoff appearances had the Titans with little to be optimistic about. With Mariota, they have something to market but more importantly, they have hope for revival of a previously successful franchise. As witnessed by his record, Mariota has had to prove himself time and time again. However, the NFL is far and away the greatest challenge yet. Will he be able to run a pro-style offense? Will he even have command of his more experienced teammates? College stars such as Ryan Leaf, JaMarcus Russell and Johnny Manziel have been busts in the NFL, due to underwhelming performances a lack of sustained discipline. Only time will tell, but if past events are any indication, Mariota will have no problem with that. Just ask whoever gave him a threestar rating.

DAVE SIZER / FLICKR 

Mariota finished the 2014 season with a quarterback rating of 181.7.

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE advertising@kaleo.org

MONDAY, JUNE 15, 2015

GAMES

Justin Limasa Marketing Director

Hawai‘i RECEIVE

$1.00 OFF

LOS ANGELES TIMES

DAILY CROSSWORD PUZZLE Edited by Rich Norris and Joyce Lewis

Mocha Affogato Ice Blended®

ANY LARGE BEVERAGE

Manoa Marketplace

2754 Woodlawn Drive Open Daily: 5:30 am –9:30 pm

ACROSS 1 Loop in old Westerns 6 Kind of purpose 10 Future J.D.ʼs exam 14 Putting green border 15 Welding sparks 16 Sicilian smoker 17 *Arm, to an ace pitcher 19 Turkey or fox follower 20 Opposite of ecto21 “Moonstruck” Oscar winner 22 Valerie Harper role 23 Statement of agreement 24 *Issue that halts negotiations 26 Sluggish 28 What a goldbrick does 29 Cooking aids 30 Cry of surrender 33 *Monetary love, in Timothy 38 French wine region 39 “Hands off!” 40 Deck crew boss 43 Full of spunk 45 *One in the infantry 49 __-Aztecan languages 50 Finish by 51 Bird along the coast 52 Beat it 53 Pinball goof 54 Unswerving, and a hint to the starts of the answers to starred clues 56 Fit to __ 57 “Come Back, Little Sheba” playwright 58 Asian vine leaf 59 Stockholderʼs concern 60 Former OTC watchdog 61 Bobrun runners

DOWN 1 “Youʼve got carte blanche” 2 Nondiscriminating immigration policy 3 Mendelssohnʼs “Elijah,” for one 4 Unaided 5 Tolkien giant 6 Russian country home 7 “Family Matters” nerd 8 Biting 9 WWII carrier 10 Deadly 11 Butterfly, e.g. 12 Voltaic cell terminals 13 Golden Horde member 18 Treated, as a sprain 22 Christ the __: statue in Rio 24 Have little faith in 25 Little stream 27 Gaza Strip gp. 30 Sci-fi vehicle 31 One of the Bobbsey twins 32 A.L. Central team, on scoreboards 34 Cry of woe 35 Sundial number 36 Protect against heat loss, say 37 Made it big, as in school athletics 40 Mackerel relative 41 Truckloads 42 Conditions 43 Charges for services 44 Alpine airs 45 Like a curled-up position 46 Soprano Mitchell 47 Pharmacy inventory 48 How a 59-Across is typically shown 52 Pumped product 54 Five smackers 55 Ones taking hikes: Abbr.

GO TO: kaleo.org FOR THE ANSWERS TO OUR WEEKLY CROSSWORD

OPEN LATE No minimum for delivery!

Offer valid through 6/30/15. Must present coupon at time of purchase. Not valid with any other offer. PLU: 30395

8 4 2 3 7 7 4 5 5 8

7 9

5 1 1

8 2 9 8 5

7 6 7 9 3

6 4

Value Menu starts at

$7.50 Order Online dominos.com or Use your App

2424 S. Beretania St. 808.744.2283

NOW HIRING: MARKETING CONSULTANT

Gain real-world experience in a professional oﬃce environment. We are looking for responsible & aspiring young professionals to join our team. Contact: advertising@kaleo.org • 808-956-7043

MONDAY, JUNE 15, 2015

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE

FEATURES

Osoyami: It’s all in the name

BRAD DELL / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I 

Owner Blane Nishizawa said he wanted to fill the absence of gourmet slider bars in Hawai‘ i. BRAD DELL MANAGING EDITOR

I am a strong believer in the simple slider. Ketchup and mustard. That’s all that should be slathered on the beef between the buns. When my sister said I had to try out this place — Osoyami Bar and Grill — serving sliders with unorthodox toppings for the past couple months, I agreed to go … but only if I got a simple slider. Osoyami is a four-minute drive from campus. It’s off the beaten path, despite being a turn away from South King Street, and isn’t surrounded by any other restaurants. The décor is minimal – the dimly-lit room is painted black and red, and seating includes black high tables and booths. What really

Ben Decastro Features Editor

features@kaleo.org @kaleofeatures

catches the eye are the ﬁve television screens mounted on the wall and the brightly-lit bar. These are reﬂections of what Osoyami hopes will draw people in – entertainment and booze. Osoyami hosts sports viewing parties and will soon have dart boards on the walls. The message is clear: don’t rush your visit., Osoyami is a place to hang out. The owner also runs Station Bar and Lounge next to the Honolulu Convention Center, so he knows his drink. The alcohol selection, while basic, is neither lacking nor expensive. Cocktails run for $5-8, shots for $5-9. The bar also includes beer on tap for $4-6. The menu made me sweat, especially the toppings for the sliders. Beer-braised onions with garlic edamame hummus? Bleu cheese

JUNE

sauce? The waitress and my sister preyed on my susceptibility to peer pressure, urging me to order “like a normal person” and not demand a simple slider. I went with the safest bet – sliders with pepper jack cheese and house made guacamole. It cost $6 for two sliders plus crinkle-cut fries. You can also order bacon on top for an extra $2. The sliders, with melted pepper jack cheese and chunky guacamole oozing over the 3 oz. beef patty between two toasted buns, looked and smelled good enough to make me drool. And I did. So I decided to step out of the comforting world of simple sliders and take a bite. Despite the piping hot oil that splashed out from the burger and burned my tongue, I couldn’t stop munching. The grass-fed Big Island

beef was so juicy and didn’t have a char in sight. The spiciness of the pepper jack played nicely with the slight sourness of the guacamole. Not even “Twilight” playing on the television next to me ruined the experience. I got a couple bites of my sister’s sundried tomato pesto and pepper jack slider ($6 for two). I’ve never been a fan of pesto, but my taste buds betrayed me once again. These sliders were unbelievably tasty – my mouth is salivating as I write this. I also ordered the beer braised sausage and onions ($8). This dish didn’t look appealing — a glob of onions and a couple cut-up links of sausage messily mixed together — but tasted nearly as good as the sliders with a nice balance of sweet, smoky and spicy. The other items on the menu, such as the fried kimchi ($5) and fried cheesy sriracha balls ($5), are a hit at the bar, according to the waitress. The kitchen also offers four different baskets of fries: classic, garlic ($6), parmesan pepperoni ($8) and kimchi ($8). I tried the classic and garlic fries, both of which were tasty, but not unique. I would have to try the other two varieties for that. Owner Blane Nishizawa, who also created many of the recipes, prides himself on offering such unique options. I chatted with the owner after my meal and asked him where he came up with his unusual food combinations: “A lot of internet, watching YouTube. Every guy that’s drunk or high, that’s like, ‘Oh let’s make something weird’ … that’s how I got ideas. Then I changed them up to make them my own.” If this is how drunk, high people cook, we

CAMPUS EVENTS

Ka Leo O Hawai‘i RATING

MORE INFO

OSOYAMI LOCATION 1820 Algaroba St. HOURS Sun - Thurs: 6 p.m. - 2 a.m. Fri: 2 p.m. - 2 a.m. CONTACT (808) 200-0514 WEB facebook.com/Osoyami808 ▪ Happy hour is 6-7 p.m. Extra dollars are knocked oﬀ of beer, cocktails, sliders and fried cheesy sriracha balls. ▪ The service was friendly – the waitress sat in our booth to take our order and joke around. The food took about 10 minutes to be served. ▪ With the kitchen open until 12 a.m. and the bar until 2 a.m., those living near campus have a new destination for late-night snacks.

BEN DECASTRO FEATURES EDITOR

JUNE 15 TO JUNE 21

6/16

6/17

DESIGNING YOUR LANDSCAPE: USING NATIVE PLANTS, VEGGIES, FRUIT TREES & ORNAMENTAL LYON ARBORETUM, 3860 MĀNOA RD. 9:30 A.M. - 11:30 A.M. $40 FOR TWO CLASS MEETINGS.

JUSTICE, RECONCILIATION, & THE POLITICS OF HOPE IN S. AFRICA’S RAINBOW NATION ORVIS AUDITORIUM 7 P.M. - 8 P.M. FREE

Heidi Bornhorst will teach a session on landscaping from design, maintenance and planning for that perfect garden. Preregistration required. Call 988-0456 to register.

Proliﬁc author and notable humanitarian Rev. Dr. Allan Aubrey Boesak will lead a free public talk. Known as the preeminent authority on liberation theology, Boesak has been heavily involved in social justice activism for decades since receiving critical acclaim for his doctoral dissertation, “Farewell to Innocence.” Event Sponsor: Mānoa Chancellor’s Ofﬁce, Mānoa Campus.

SUBMIT YOUR EVENT TO KA LEO: TINYURL.COM/EVENTKL

need more of them in the kitchen. Osoyami crushed my belief in the simple slider. I’m not sure whether to love it or hate it for that reason. Regardless, I will be returning many more times.

6/18

FBI INFORMATION SESSION CAMPUS CENTER ROOM 307 9 A.M. - 11 A.M. FREE All University of Hawai‘ i Mānoa students will be able to learn about the opportunities, professional staff of the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) in an event sponsored by the Mānoa Career Center. Event Sponsor: Mānoa Career Center, Mānoa Campus More Information: 956-7007.

[ALL PHOTOS] FILE PHOTO / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I