October 17, 2016 by Ka Leo O Hawai‘i

KA LEO SPECIAL ISSUE SSUE

THE AMERICAN IDENTITY PROJECT

PULL OUT PG.15

VOLUME 111 ISSUE NO.07 OCT. 17, 2016

HOW DID WE GET HERE? THE KA LEO NATIONAL ELECTION ISSUE [COVER ILLUSTRATIONS] KHARI SAFFO / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I [COVER DESIGN] TODD SATO & BRYE KOBAYASHI / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

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KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

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KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I Kevin Harrison News Editor

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

NEWS

news@kaleo.org @kaleoohawaii

 MEET THE STAFF

KA LEO

THE KA LEO NATIONAL ELECTION ISSUE

TABLE OF CONTENTS

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Spencer Oshita

• How the presidential election works

• Expounding on the Electoral College

• Why Obama is better than Clinton nton or Trump • Goodbye, Obama

MANAGING EDITOR Kimberlee Speakman MAN BUSINESS EDITOR Eryn Yuasa BUS CHIEF CHIE COPY EDITOR Wesley Babcock

• Why college students should vote • Are you registered to vote yet?

DESIGN EDITOR Lauren Tabor DES ASSOC DESIGN EDITOR Brye Kobayashi ASS NEWS NEW EDITOR Kevin Harrison

FEATURES EDITOR Kevin Allen FEAT

• Voter apathy calls for ballot reform

ble • Breaking the cable news bubble

ASSOC FEATURES EDITOR Stephanie Kim ASS OPINIONS EDITOR Brooke Alcuran OPI

10 - 11

• Democratic and Republican presidential candidates and their running mates

ASSOC OPINIONS EDITOR Jarin Moriguchi ASS

• This election’s major scandalss

SPORTS EDITOR Drew Afualo SPO ASSOC SPORTS EDITOR ASS

• Political party breakdown • A third of the options

Christian Shimabuku Chri

• Global warming is not a hoax

COMICS EDITOR Khari Saffo COM WEB EDITOR Algeo Rosario

• Why health records and tax returns matter

VIDEO EDITOR Agatha Danglapin VIDE

• In Scalia’s shadow: The fate of the court

SOCIAL MEDIA EDITOR Jasmine Yi SOC PHOTO EDITOR Reese Kato PHO

15 - 18

• The American identity project PULL OUT SECTION

ASSOC PHOTO EDITOR Gabriel Estevez ASS

• Five ﬁlms for election season • The best and worst of ﬁve U.S.. Presidents

ASSOC PHOTO EDITOR Chase Urasaki ASS SPECIAL ISSUES EDITOR Christina Yan MARKETING DIRECTOR Julius Riguis  ADMINISTRATION

LETTER FROM THE EDITOR

CHRISTINA YAN / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I 

At the top of the Washington Monument, our Special Issues Editor receiving praise from our first president, George Washington.

This is it. The 2016 election has boiled down to our presidential candidates, Hillary Clinton and Donald Trump. Look at what we have done to ourselves America. This may be your ﬁrst presidential election. It may be your second presidential election. Whichever number you are on, Ka Leo has taken the time to break down how the presidential election works, including the electoral college process and voter apathy. Clinton vs Trump? Kaine vs Pence? It is up to you to decide on who you want to vote for. We are here to help inform you on their background, their views and if they are qualiﬁed to be our next president. Moving to Canada or Europe is not an option for all of us and for many people, we must try to navigate the American election system. We have broken down the Democratic and Republican parties by their platforms and leaders on page 12 to help readers on what they stand for and hope to achieve in the future. Want to learn more about the nominees of the Green Party and Libertarian Party? Page 12 also explains Jill Stein, Gary Johnson and their respective party platforms. This election has been centered on controversy after controversy whether it was based on candidates’ health records or their tax returns. On page 26, scandals on both Clinton and Trump have been

highlighted to help you navigate all those news articles. Confused about climate change? Our resident meteorologist addresses different theories and controversies on page 27. Already missing the good ‘ole days of Obama? Students on campus are feeling the same, read on to figure out what they will miss about the administration that helped inspire change and hope. No matter what you believe about this election, a female candidate has the chance to become the first president of the United States. A businessman and entrepreneur that many took as a joke for years has been able to make it this far into the political process. This election will go down in history books. We are lucky enough to live in a country where we can choose to go and vote for whichever candidate your heart desires. We have fought vehemently for our rights and are now one of the youngest democracies in the history of the world. We can learn from our mistakes and continue to grow, but we need to admit to them first. We are the United States of America and this is 2016. It is time to be in the present and get rid of those stereotypes of millennials. If you want to change the country, it is time to wake up and be a part of this election season. It is not too late yet.

CHRISTINA YAN

Ka Leo O Hawai‘i is the campus newspaper of the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa. It is published by the Student Media Board biweekly except on holidays and during exam periods and breaks. Circulation is 10,000. Ka Leo is also published once a month during summer sessions with a circulation of 5,000. Ka Leo is funded by student fees and advertising. Its editorial content reﬂects only the views of its writers, reporters, columnists and editors, who are solely responsible for its content. No material that appears in Ka Leo may be reprinted or republished in any medium without permission. The ﬁrst newsstand copy is free; for additional copies, please visit Ka Leo. The Student Media Board, a student organization chartered by the University of Hawai‘i Board of Regents, publishes Ka Leo O Hawai‘i. Issues or concerns can be reported to the board via uhsmb@hawaii.edu. ©2016 Student Media Board

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KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

NEWS

news@kaleo.org @kaleoohawaii

Kevin Harrison News Editor

Six new senators join ASUH Here are the results of their fall special elections COLLEGE OF ARTS AND SCIENCES

KEVIN HARRISON NEWS EDITOR

Out of 14 candidates for four colleges, six new senators have been elected to The Associated Students of the University of Hawai‘ i (ASUH). Three new senators were elected to the College of Arts and Sciences, one to the Hawai‘inuiākea School of Hawaiian Knowledge, one to the College of Engineering and one to the Shidler College of Business. Each new senator will serve until May when they face reelection. The School of Ocean, Earth Science and Technology and the School of Paciﬁc and Asian Studies still have one senate seat each that can be ﬁlled during ASUH’s spring special election or the general election in May.

ALICE CHEN

MICAH LEVAL

RICHARD HO

81 votes (25 percent)

56 votes (17 percent)

32 votes (10 percent)

PHOTO NOT TAKEN

SOURCE: BRYE KOABAYSHI / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

SOURCE: ASUH

CLASS STANDING: Freshman MAJOR: Computer Science GOAL AS SENATOR: “I want to be able to hear the different perspectives of students and represent the student body in the ASUH senate in order to improve the quality of their experience at UH.”

21 votes (100 percent)

SOURCE: ASUH

CLASS STANDING: Sophomore MAJOR: Mechanical Engineering

CLASS STANDING: Freshman MAJOR: Biology

GOAL AS SENATOR: Leval wants to pursue his passion for student government that began when he was in high school at St. Anthony in Wailuku.

GOAL AS SENATOR: Ho said he wants to help make students more aware of the resources available to them at the University of Hawai‘ i at Mānoa.

HAWAI‘INUIĀKEA SCHOOL OF HAWAIIAN KNOWLEDGE

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

EDUARDO ZABANAL JR.

CLASS STANDING: Freshman MAJOR: Political Science

NANEA LO Seven votes (100 percent)

GOAL AS SENATOR: “I am running for ofﬁce because I would love to get more involved and in touch with the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa community.”

SOURCE: ASUH

SHILDER COLLEGE OF BUSINESS

CLASS STANDING: Senior MAJOR: Hawaiian Studies GOAL AS SENATOR: “I will advocate for a stronger Native Hawaiian presence on campus and I will keep students updated and involved on issues,” Lo said in an email statement.

NATHAN TRAN Four votes (100 percent)

SOURCE: ASUH

CLASS STANDING: Freshman MAJOR: Accounting GOAL AS SENATOR: “I am running for ofﬁce to help Shidler improve and tend to its needs with my openness to new ideas and to the people around me.”

PHOTOGRAPHER / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I 

NSF grant may give KCC students full-ride scholarships LEILANI CARRERO INTERN

With the help of a National Science Foundation grant, full-ride scholarships could be given to Kapi‘olani Community College students that will transfer with them to the University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa. The grant will be used to create “S-STEM scholarships” (Science, Technology, Engineering and Math) targeting Native Hawaiians, minorities, ﬁnancially needy and talented

students pursuing an Associates’ Degree in Science in Natural Science, according to Amy Patz Yamashiro, a grant coordinator at KCC. These scholarships are transferable, allowing STEM students to complete one year at KCC and two years at UH Mānoa. Robert Moeng, a principal investigator with the Ofﬁce for Institutional Effectiveness (OIE), which tracks students, said that students who received scholarships had a better retention and BA completion

rate at UH Mānoa. Moeng said they want to encourage students to complete their BA in STEM ﬁelds and use all of their available funds. “We’re interested in moving students – not just transferring them, but getting to their BA,” Moeng said. Yamashiro said they use the data collected from the OIE to identify KCC students who qualify for S-STEM scholarships. Information regarding this opportunity will be publicized directly to students who qualify before the ﬁrst scholarships are

awarded this upcoming Spring 2017. “It’s really exciting and I feel so fortunate to be able to offer that to our students, to say to them if you get this scholarship you can be supported all the way through graduation,” Yamashiro said. After receiving feedback from former KCC STEM grads, part of the grant will be used toward securing a transfer specialist. This specialist is going to help students transfer to UH Mānoa, linking them with the right

resources and establishing relationships for STEM students with former KCC STEM graduates. “We’re hoping to make it a little bit easier on them you know, it’s a big jump,” Yamashiro stated. “They’re really talented in their ability to do undergrad research, they just need to be plugged in over there [at UH Mānoa].”

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I Stephanie Kim Associate Features Editor

Kevin Allen Features Editor

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

FEATURES

features@kaleo.org @kaleofeatures

Koa Pancake House’s hipper sibling A review on the new brunch spot, Koa Café

 JULIA KIM/ KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

 A sweet twist on a breakfast staple.

Nothing says breakfast like potatoes and eggs. JULIA KIM INTERN

Koa Café is a new brunch joint to add to your usual early morning and afternoon restaurant selection. Located between Glazer’s Coffee and Bangkok Chef on South King Street, this new café is witin walking distance from UH Mānoa’s campus. Serving everything from traditional American breakfast staples, like omelets and benedicts with a twist, to new and exciting dishes like Butter Mochi Pancakes, Koa Café has something for everyone. According to a server, Koa Café is the more unconventional counterpart to the Koa Pancake House chain. Juno Chung, the owner of both restaurants, wanted to undertake an all-new concept to give brunch-goers a unique din-

ing experience. Some of Koa Café’s most popular food items to date include Butter Mochi Pancakes ($8), Guava Lava Mochi Wafﬂe ($9), Brownie Haupia Pancakes ($7) and the Loco Moco Omelette ($11). If the paper plates are any indication, Koa Café is casual and laid-back. Customers order and pay at the front counter and then seat themselves. The entire establishment offers two-person, four-person and single seating options, fitting around 50 people when full. The atmosphere is clean and inviting with no fuss, marble-like tabletops and matching plastic restaurant chairs. I visited Koa Café on an early Sunday morning around 7:45 a.m. with a family member and was pleasantly surprised by the lack of crowds. Upon arriving, only a few families were seated inside

and enjoying their meals. The staff was helpful, the ordering process went smoothly and the food arrived at our table within a matter of minutes. What Koa Café lacks in presentation is made up for in taste. We ordered a single Butter Mochi Pancake for $8 and the Koa Madame ($10). The Butter Mochi Pancake came topped with chunks of strawberries, blueberries, a few slices of bananas, glazed walnuts and a ring of whip cream to top it off. I didn’t expect the pancake to taste like butter mochi, but my ﬁrst bite proved me wrong. The pancake was cooked to a golden brown and had a slight crisp to each bite, which went with the soft sweetness of the fruit and crunch of the walnuts. The Koa Madame was a savory complement to the pancakes. It

came with ham, cheese, eggs and Dijon béchamel sauce. The dish was similar to traditional eggs benedict, except on toast rather than an English mufﬁn. Customers have the option of ordering the Koa Madame with a potato medley or a house salad; I opted for the former and did not regret my decision. The potato medley was a mix of different types of potatoes cut into wedges and fried to a crisp. Think thick, stout fries, but bigger and better than your usual “potato fare.” Koa Café excels in taste, customer service and its uniqueness. With a clean, family-friendly atmosphere, amiable staff and delicious dishes, I’d recommend stopping by before this place ﬁlls up with crowds. If you’re looking for somewhere new and novel, come here and come hungry.

RATING

MORE INFO

KOA CAFÉ LOCATION 2700 S. King St. D102 HOURS 6:30 a.m. to 2 p.m. daily CONTACT (808) 941-7778 WEB koacafe.com

Ka Leo O Hawai‘i

CHICAGO’S DRILL RAP: misunderstood or theme music to murder? KEON DIEGO STAFF WRITER

Drill music, a subgenre of hiphop, is an inside perspective at the epidemic of gun violence plaguing Chicago’s inner city neighborhoods – and a means out. Born in the southern and western side of Chicago, drill music is known for its trap-influenced beats, heavy synth and snare drums paired with violent lyrics that focus on gang life, drugs, guns and killing. Drill itself means to fight or scrap and can also refer to a firearm. It is Chicago’s version of “gangsta rap” and has been referred to as the theme music for murder. It gained notoriety in 2012 when producer Young Chop and rapper Chief Keef released “I Don’t

Like,”” which Lik hi h nott only l sett the th stant dard for the drill sound, but eventually received an ofﬁcial remix by fellow Chicago native, Kanye West. This placed the drill scene into the minds and playlists of outsiders unknown to the new breed of hip-hop being produced in Chicago’s inner city. Drill is often criticized for being ignorant and helping to perpetuate the cycle of violence its practitioners face. However, hip-hop is naturally introspective, so it is the artist’s reaction to their environment. Drill music, beneath the surface of its crime-ridden lyrics, is a reﬂection of the gritty life primarily facing young, black impoverished youths throughout inner city neighborhoods. It is an expression of the gun violence being endured. The artist’s surround-

have tto change iings would ld h h iin order d for the subject matter to shift away from negativity. There were 492 total homicides in Chicago last year and although this year has yet to ﬁnish, there have already been 560, according to the Chicago Tribune. These numbers are often compared with the death count of U.S. soldiers operating in the war zones of Iraq and Afghanistan, which has led to nicknames, such as “Chiraq” and “Drillinois” coined by drill artist King Louie. In an attempt to curb the gun violence, the city is proposing to increase the Chicago Police Department by 1,000 members. The extreme violence Chicago is facing cannot be understated, but it is important to note that the violence has improved. During the past 10 years, on average, homicide

numbers have ranged 400b h d ffrom 400 500. Between 1971-1981, Chicago’s homicide rate was over 700 a year and peaked in 1974 with 970 – the highest number ever recorded. As the popularity of drill music increases, the country’s awareness of the systemic issues hurting Chicago rises as well. Racial and economic segregation has created pockets of violence in low-income areas that are often neglected. For many drill artists, music represents an opportunity for a better life and a means to survive. A prime example of this is Chief Keef, who signed a $6 million record deal with Interscope Records at age 17. Many others have made big names for themselves as well, such as Lil Durk who got signed to Def Jam in 2011 and Young Chop, who took his momentum

as a producer and d d created t an independent label. However, many artists, who typically start in their teens, have ended up dead. Drill artist Capo, who was afﬁliated with Chief Keef, got shot twice and died at the hospital. Another artist, Blood Money, was murdered after having signed a deal with Interscope. L’A Capone was a 17-year-old drill rapper with millions of views on YouTube who was gunned down while leaving a recording studio in 2013. Drill music shows the dangerous reality these artists are facing while helping them to get out of it – if they can survive long enough.

What do you think? Let us know @KaLeoFeatures

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

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2016 NATIONAL ELECTION SPECIAL ISSUE

How do we elect our president?

LAWRENCE JACKSON / WHITEHOUSE.GOV 

States with the most electoral votes include California, Texas and New York. Hawai‘ i, on the other hand, has four electoral votes. KEVIN HARRISON NEWS EDITOR

The presidential elections are on Nov. 8, and over the past year, we have heard a lot of political terms like primaries, the electoral college and poll numbers. But how does the presidential election work? How does a candidate get from a campaign poster to the White House? THE BASICS

The presidential election occurs every four years in November on the Tuesday after the ﬁrst Monday – and even after a president is elected, they do not take ofﬁce until the following January. In order to run for president, a candidate must be at least 35 years old, a natural-born U.S. citizen and have resided in the U.S. for at least 14 years. Anyone can declare their candidacy at any time, but they have to register with the Federal Elections Commission within 15 days of receiving more than $5,000 in donations or making more than $5,000 in campaign expenditures. There are three main parts to the election process: the primaries and caucuses, nominating conventions and the general elections. PRIMARIES AND CAUCUSES

In the months prior to the national conventions, most political parties hold primaries and caucuses. A primary is an election in which people vote by secret ballot and a caucus is a meeting in which the attendees divide themselves based on which candidate they support. Primaries and caucuses can either be closed, open or a com-

bination of both; closed means a person has to be a member of the party to participate and can only vote for a candidate from the party. Open means anyone can participate and vote for any candidate. What is at stake at the primary and caucus stages are the delegates, people who represent the party during national conventions. The percentage of the votes a candidate wins at the primary or caucus will be the same percentage of the state’s delegates that they receive. So if a candidate wins 35 percent of the vote, they get 35 percent of the state’s delegates. There are two main types of del-

After the primaries and caucuses have concluded, most political parties hold conventions where they nominate their candidates for the presidency and the vice presidency. When the party selects its nominees for president and vice president, they are put on what is called the party’s “ticket.” If a candidate has won the majority of their party’s delegates, the convention is where that winner is conﬁrmed. However, if no one has won the majority, then a nominee is decided in a broken or contested convention. During a contested convention, delegates cast votes until a candi-

When someone votes for the president in November, they are not voting directly for the president, they are actually voting for members of the Electoral College.

senators and representatives. Even though it is not a state, Washington D.C. gets three electors. There are 538 electors and a candidate needs to win 270 to secure the presidency. Electors are divided up in most states based on the popular vote. For example, if a candidate wins the majority vote in California, that candidate will get all 55 of California’s electoral votes. Since some states have more electoral votes than others, it is possible for a candidate to win the electoral vote and the presidency, but not the popular vote. This can happen if a candidate wins states with a large number of electoral votes, but fail to secure a majority in the popular vote. In short, candidates need to win the popular vote in states in order to win that state’s electoral votes and they need to collect at least 270 electoral votes to win the election and become president. [Refer to page 20 for more about the Electoral College.]

TIMELINE

THE 2016 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION APRIL 12, 2015 CLINTON ANNOUNCES HER CANDIDACY

JUNE 16, 2015 TRUMP ANNOUNCES HIS CANDIDACY

MAY 28, 2016 GARY JOHNSON WINS LIBERTARIAN NOMINATION

JULY 18, 2016 REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION KICKED OFF IN CLEVELAND, OH

JULY 21, 2016 TRUMP ACCEPTS REPUBLICAN NOMINATION

JULY 25, 2016 DEMOCRATIC NATIONAL CONVENTION STARTS IN PHILADELPHIA, PA

JULY 28, 2016 egates: bound and unbound. A bound delegate is required to vote for a speciﬁc candidate that they have been assigned as a result of voting. An unbound or super delegate can vote for whichever candidate they want. This year for the Democratic party, a candidate needed 2,383 out of an estimated 4,765 delegates to secure the party’s nomination and a Republican candidate needed 1,237 out of an estimated 2,472 delegates to secure the nomination. NOMINATING CONVENTIONS

date has the majority.

CLINTON ACCEPTS DEMOCRATIC NOMINATION

GENERAL ELECTIONS

When someone votes for the president in November, they are not voting directly for the president, they are actually voting for members of the Electoral College. The Electoral College was established as a compromise between a direct election of the president from the people and an election within Congress. The number of electors per state is based on the state’s population. This number is the sum of each state’s

SEPT. 26, 2016 CLINTON AND TRUMP FACE OFF IN FIRST PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE

OCT. 19, 2016 CLINTON AND TRUMP WILL FACE OFF IN FINAL PRESIDENTIAL DEBATE

NOV. 8, 2016 A NEW PRESIDENT IS ELECTED

What do you think? Let us know @KaLeoNews

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

MAN ON THE STREET

ARE YOU REGISTERED TO VOTE YET? RALPH ARISTA / STAFF WRITER

With Election Day inching closer, the decision of whether or not to register to is still up in the air for most. A few University of Hawai‘i at Mānoa students share their decisions and the reasons they chose to participate in the election process or why they have decided to stay out of the process completely.

Yes, I have already registered to vote. I just think there’s always a power in your voice, so you’re never unheard even though you feel like you may be. And I feel there’s always a way to change something you don’t like.

KAWAILEHUA HAMBERG Hawaiian Language & Hawaiian Studies Major Junior

PHIL ROEDER / FLICKR  Bernie Sanders built his campaign targeting 18-24 year olds.

Why college students should vote We have the right to choose, don’t wase it DANIELLE VALLEJO STAFF WRITER

The election season is underway, but voting may not be the first thing on a college student’s mind. College students have a lot to worry about, so convincing them to haul themselves to ballot stations can be difficult. In this presidential election, college students need to know that their vote can influence the issues that matter to them. WHY COLLEGE STUDENTS DON’T VOTE

According to Campus Vote Project, about 17 percent of young adults between the ages of 18 through 24 voted during the 2012 election, the lowest turnout for this demographic. Reasons for the low turnout could be that college students forget to vote, have no way of reaching the ballot stations or choose to opt out because they do not know who to pick or simply do not care. According to an article written by Campus Vote Project, during the 2008 elections, 21 percent of 18 to 29-year-olds said, “they weren’t registered to vote because they missed the registration deadline.” While 6 percent said they did not know where or how to register.

Nevertheless, college students should ﬁnd a way to overcome these obstacles. We have no problem using the internet to answer trivia questions, so it should be simple for them to ﬁnd out about the voting process online. IS VOTING IMPORTANT?

Whether the candidate you voted for wins or loses, you have the right to complain about any future endeavors that may occur during the candidate’s presidency. There are people who choose not to vote, but complain about future issues. “Elections belong to the people,” Abraham Lincoln said. “It’s their decision. If they decide to turn their back on the people and burn their behinds, then they will have to sit on their blisters.” Non-voters lack the right to complain because they had a choice, but decided not to take it. On the other hand, they might also think their vote does not matter or it will not affect them in the future. They are wrong. One major factor for college students are student loans. According to LendEDU, over 40 million Americans have student debt and collectively owe more than $1.3 trillion. Over 60 percent of college stu-

dents graduate with debt averaging around $16,000 per graduate. This issue has been discussed throughout the current election and so far, Hillary Clinton has addressed this issue and created a plan to reduce student debt. Some of her actions will include free tuition at community colleges, lower interest rates on loans and loan repayment through jobs. On the other hand, Donald Trump has no ofﬁcial plan in regards to student loans. According to The Dickinson Press, Trump said he would work with Congress to make public colleges reduce their tuition by cutting federal funds if colleges do not lower their costs. College students, have a chance to choose a president we can depend on to secure a better future. We may not be taken seriously due to our lack of real world experience, but we are Americans who are given an opportunity to show our maturity by fulﬁlling our civil duty to vote. We were given this right for a reason and we should not take it for granted.

What do you think? Let us know @KaLeoFeatures

Yes, I am planning to register. I feel like if the election doesn’t go the way that I want, I have no right to complain because I didn’t vote.

SU JUNG MAERKI Biology Major Freshman

I have not registered to vote. I don’t know much about the elections. I haven’t been following the candidates or their campaigns, so I feel like I wouldn’t be able to make a well informed decision.

RANDI YAMAUCHI Biology Major Freshman

I’m already registered to vote. I chose to register because when I have a say in what happens, I feel like I play a part in the process. To not vote would be throwing away a vote, and that one vote could make a difference.

MATTHEW DE LA SIERRA-NAKAMURA Mechanical Engineering Major Freshman

Yes I am registered to vote. I feel like it’s an obligation to choose who you want as your future leader. And I feel like my choice in the matter really makes a difference.

JARYL JIMENEZ Pre-Nursing Major Senior

2016 NATIONAL ELECTION SPECIAL ISSUE

Voter apathy calls for ballot reform Would online voting improve voter apathy? DAYVA ESCOBAR / INTERN

In the United States, it is our duty as Americans to share our voice in the 2016 presidential election and cast our vote in November. But, how many of us actually vote? The U.S. Census reported that in November 2012, a little over 153 million Americans were registered to vote, while only an approximated 132 million of those citizens voted.

“If you don’t vote, you can’t complain” is a common saying around election season. However, our modern voting system may now be obsolete because of our fast-paced and ever evolving society, which could impact the validity of our elections. This leaves today’s Americans wondering, as voters, do we really impact politics or are we doomed by a lapsed voting system?

SOURCE: CHEF MATT ROCK / FLICKR

Increase the odds and cast your vote

Three prominent statisticians conducted an investigation using millions of computer run-throughs on polling data to examine the likelihood of a single vote tipping the scales. The likelihood is slim at best, but despite those odds, the likelihood of one vote affecting the poll results should not be deemed impossible. “[There’s] still a chance, it’s like buying a Powerball ticket,” said study lead author Andrew Gelman, a professor of statistics and political science at Columbia University. The game of probability goes hand in hand with the state in which you are voting from. New

Hampshire residents have a one in eight million chance of being the key vote. In Nevada, the odds are one in 28.2 million, worse than death-by-dog bite odds, which are one in 10.9 million a year. A single vote may seem miniscule, but when statisticians re-calibrated those odds multiplied by the 93 million potential voters who did not cast their ballot, the new odds would be substantially greater.

SOURCE: MOOD SHADOW / FLICKR

From voting at an elementary school to voting online

As Americans, our elections should represent “We the People.” Perhaps our voices are not heard because we have not yet implemented a way for our voices to be ampliﬁed in a manner that suits the modern era. With online voting, citizens would be able to vote from anywhere. More voters mean more voices being used. More voices equal a greater percentage of Americans being represented in the ballots. Until a new method of voting is implemented into our election process, we as Americans still need to fulﬁll our duty as citizens and utilize the system that is currently

available to us. Every vote matters. Saying that you will abstain from voting because your vote will not matter is backed by the same logic as saying that you have decided to stop talking because you have concluded that you have nothing important to say. As a citizen, voting is still a way for you to take part in democracy. No one can represent your views better than you. Vote and let your voice be heard.

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

WHY YOU SHOULD VOTE FOR HILLARY CLINTON KAYLI CLIFFORD / STAFF WRITER

When asked about why people are voting for Hillary Clinton, more often than not the reply is, “She’s not Trump.” While Clinton is not a screaming 70-year-old billionaire who starred on a reality TV show, this argument should not be the reason, to vote for her as the next president of the United States. Being “not as bad as Donald Trump” is not a difﬁcult accomplishment, and using this logic overlooks the achievements of Hillary Clinton’s political career. It undermines her policies and what she stands for. You should vote for Hillary Clinton not because she would be a better president than Trump, but because she would make a good president.

A DISCLAIMER FOR HER FLIP-FLOPPING VIEWS Clinton has been accused of ﬂip-ﬂopping throughout her career. But what is she being accused of? Changing her mind? Clinton’s changing in positions is a result of her ability to listen to and empathize with her constituents. Clinton has not just listened to fellow Democrats, but politicians across the aisle as well. She started her campaign with a listening tour, where she spoke to citizens and politicians to try and hear their concerns. After all, isn’t that the most important job of a politician, hearing and carrying out the will of the people?

 Hillary Clinton would

be the second oldest first-term president after Ronald Reagan, at the age of 69-years-old. SOURCE: GAGE SKIDMORE / FLICKR

FIGHTING FOR WOMEN AND RACIAL EQUALITY Clinton has often been accused of “playing the woman card,” a term that is inherently sexist itself. “If she [Clinton] didn’t play the woman’s card she would have no chance, I mean zero, of winning,” Donald Trump said to his supporters at a rally in Spokane, Washington. Clinton is a woman, but that is not why she would be a good president for women. Clinton has made great strides in her career in furthering equality for women everywhere. On Sept. 5, 1995, while serving as ﬁrst lady, Hillary Clinton stood in front of the United Nations Fourth World Conference on Women in Beijing and stated, “If there is one message that echoes forth from this conference, let it be that human rights are

women’s rights and women’s rights are human rights, once and for all.” This speech was a groundbreaking moment for women all over the world. Clinton influenced feminism and women’s rights during her time as first lady, and reinvented the role of a first lady. Hillary Clinton was criticized for being too outspoken during Bill Clinton’s first presidential campaign. Despite this criticism, she continued to push policies on bettering education and women’s rights. As a senator for New York, she pushed back advances by the Bush Administration to limit women’s access to emergency contraceptives. She also played a role in protecting Roe v. Wade and introduced legislation that provided rape victims with emergency contraceptives.

Today, she still fights for women. Clinton wants to increase funding for Planned Parenthood, which provides many health services for all women. She fights for equal pay and wants to appeal the Hyde Amendment, which makes it difficult for women with low income to access reproductive care. Clinton recognizes that this country still has a lot of work to do when it comes to race inequality. She wants to enforce more police training, ensure that all police officers wear body cameras, and eliminate the problematic and racist drug sentencing discrepancies. Clinton supports the Black Lives Matter campaign and has promised to enact legislation in her first 100 days as president to create more jobs and better security for minorities.

AMERICA NEEDS EXPERIENCE IN THE OVAL OFFICE Hillary Clinton has been a political ﬁgure for a large portion of her life. Along the way she has stumbled and has been caught in controversy, but that should be expected considering how long her career has been. In an interview with Vox, Clinton expressed how people view her while she has a job, versus when she is campaigning for one. “It’s always amusing to me that when I have a job, I have really high approval rat-

ings when I am actually doing the work,” Clinton said. “And then I seek a job, I run for a job, and then all of the discredited negativity comes out again.” Despite her high approval ratings during her time serving as a government ofﬁcial her experience has made some people view her as too much of an insider who will not create any real change. Hillary Clinton is the most experienced

and qualified presidential candidate. She is the only candidate who can understand the complexity of current global and domestic politics. No amount of ideals, business experience or promises to the American people can prepare a candidate for sitting in the Oval Office. Clinton has been there and knows first hand what it takes to be an effective president.

DEMOCRATIC RUNNING MATE

TIM KAINE TIMOTHY MICHAEL “TIM” KAINE JARIN MORIGUCHI / ASSOCIATE OPINIONS EDITOR

The presidential candidates of the Republican and Democratic parties are all over the news. We see their faces everywhere on social media, but do not always hear about their running mates. This year it is Trump and Pence for the Republican party, Clinton and Kaine for the Democrats. Get to know the vice-presidential candidates, and a few things they have done over the years.

SOURCE: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

This senator took Hillary Clinton’s side on the 2016 presidential ticket for the Democrats, and has served in the United States Senate for a little over three years. In the beginning of his career, Tim Kaine was a member of the Richmond City Council in 1994, and became the mayor in 1998. Three years later, Kaine became lieutenant governor of Virginia, later taking the helm as governor in 2006. He was the Democratic National Committee Chairman from 2009-2011, and made the ticket this year in 2016. The Virgina senator was also considered for

the Vice Presidential nomination in 2008 to run alongside Obama. Senator Kaine currently serves on the Armed Services Committee, Budget Committee, Foreign Relations Committee and the Special Committee on Aging. Kaine has been criticized by left-wing progressives about being a Wall Street candidate, just like Clinton. Some news outlets suggest that it will be harder to get Sanders supporters to throw their support behind the Democratic duo because of their moderate standpoint.

Kaine has also made gun control one of the top priorities while in ofﬁce, as a response to the Virginia Tech shooting in 2007. “Tim knew he had a responsibility as governor to offer more than thoughts and prayers to the community he mourned with – and as a gun owner, he stood up to the gun lobby on their behalf,” President Obama said. Some of the Virginia senator’s claimed successes are education reform and working with the armed forces to create defense strategies and jobs.

2016 NATIONAL ELECTION SPECIAL ISSUE

WHY I SUPPORT DONALD TRUMP NOW MORE THAN EVER NICK OCHS CONTRIBUTING WRITER

The news will tell you it has been a rough week for Donald Trump. It has not. I give Americans more credit than most for being politically informed. At the end of the day, voters are going to make their choice based on the issues that affect them and not the personalities of the presidential candidates. When we look back on this election season a year from now, the discussion will not be about the profane language that Donald Trump used in 2005 that cost him the presidency. We will be talking about the debate that put him in ofﬁce.

Trump’s crass anecdote about a woman who turned him down gets more airtime than Hillary Clinton’s blatant admission that, “you need both a public and a private position,” and her direct statement to Goldman Sachs bankers in 2014 that she is, “kind of far removed from the middle class.” Thanks to the activist group WikiLeaks, Clinton’s statements became public knowledge on the same day as the infamous Trump recording. But the people are listening to all of it. The statements had to be addressed of course. So it was a fair thing for Trump’s statements to be the ﬁrst question of the second presidential debate. It was addressed, and even repeatedly (and uncharacteristically) apologized for. Now it lives on as a soundbite but its return as outrage fodder fades daily.

REPUBLICAN RUNNING MATE

MIKE PENCE

 Donald Trump would be the oldest first-

term president ever elected, at the age of 70-years-old. SOURCE: MATT JOHNSON / FLICKR

What we are left with in the last month of this historic season are the issues, which include 11 to 20 million illegal immigrants (no one knows the true number) living and working in America. We must decide if the richest among us will continue to proﬁt off the backs of cheap and illegal foreign labor. Or choose to secure a proﬁtable future for American workers, and give those who want to join us from other countries a chance to bring their skills and share in our bounty as they earn their citizenship. Issues like the future of our military involvement in Syria and the Middle East as a whole. We will decide if we will work

with or antagonize Russia and push toward new and as yet unimagined conﬂicts. Above all, the issue of restoring our sense of national pride and repairing the fault lines growing in our population will be decided on November 8. This is what “Making America Great Again” means. American greatness is not a time period that we can point to in a history book. It is a question for all of us, right now. In Hawai‘i, your vote will help decide if we spend our resources housing and resettling an open-ended number of migrants in our state while tent villages still line the streets in Honolulu. Your vote will play a role in whether we work together on the

common ground between Donald Trump and Bernie Sanders (before the nomination was stolen from him by the Democratic establishment) of fixing free trade agreements — especially the Trans Pacific Partnership — to benefit all Americans instead of just the wealthy few. Hillary Clinton’s “dream is a hemispheric common market, with open trade and open borders” as we now know she told a private group of foreign bankers. This is not a dream for any of us. Make an informed choice on Election Day. I believe it is the most important vote you will ever cast.

MICHAEL RICHARD “MIKE” PENCE JARIN MORIGUCHI / ASSOCIATE OPINIONS EDITOR BOTH SIDES ARE EXPERIENCED

Pence and Kaine are both seasoned politicians, but the question remains: will they be able to effectively strengthen their party’s presidential ticket? The nation looks forward to seeing what these candidates can do on the campaign trail, and possibly in the White House.

SOURCE: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS

Before becoming the Republican candidate for vice president, Mike Pence served in the United States House of Representatives from 2001. He remained in the house for the next 11 years serving in two separate districts; Indiana’s 2nd and 6th. While in Congress, Pence served as the chairman of the House Republican Conference, and held his chairmanship for two years, from 2009 to 2011. He then went on to win Indiana’s gubernatorial race in 2012 and was inaugurated

in January of 2013. In recent news, Pence is most known for his signing of a 2015 Religious Freedom Restoration Act. Pence scaled back on the language attempting to make it clear that he does not support the discrimination of LGBTQ individuals, but the RFRA still hurts his approval ratings. There has been growing tension between Pence and his party’s presidential candidate, Donald Trump. The two have been at odds recently, especially after the ‘hot

mic’ incident that has been replayed and discussed time and time again throughout the past few weeks. Successes of Pence’s career include cutting taxes in Indiana, which is aimed at, “strengthen the state’s competitive edge in attracting new investment and good-paying jobs,” as well as prioritizing his state’s education system.

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

Political party breakdown The key platforms and ideals held by the main political parties TINA YAN / SPECIAL ISSUES EDITOR

THE DEMOCRATIC PARTY Founded around 1830, the Democratic Party is the world’s oldest active party. The current ideology of the party is modern liberalism characterized by combining ideas of civil liberty, social justice and a mixed

THE REPUBLICAN PARTY

economy. The party has a membership lead over its rival, the GOP with 41,341,965 members. The ﬁrst Democratic president was Andrew Jackson, with the most recent being President Barack Obama.

CENTER FOR AMERICAN PROGRESS / FLICKR

Commonly referred to as the GOP, the Grand Old Party, it was named after republicanism, which stresses individual rights as well as liberty. Currently, the party’s ideology is American conservatism. The party

JASON PIER / FLICKR

GAGE SKIDMORE / FLICKR

RESTORING THE AMERICAN DREAM PROVIDE QUALITY AND AFFORDABLE EDUCATION

CREATING JOBS & FIGHTING FOR ECONOMIC FAIRNESS

Making college debt-free for students is one of the steps to providing a quality education, the other includes providing relief from current student debt. The platform includes focusing on cracking down on predatory forproﬁt schools for primary education.

To achieve economic fairness, the Democratic Party protects the right to organize and join unions. Expanding Social Security and making the wealthy pay their fair share of taxes are core principles of the party platform. ENSURING HEALTH AND SAFETY OF ALL-AMERICANS

COMBATING CLIMATE CHANGE, BUILDING CLEAN ENERGY ECONOMY

By reducing oil consumption and eliminating special tax breaks for fossil fuel companies, the U.S. will be able to achieve a clean energy economy. The party is committed to getting 50 percent of our electricity from clean energy sources.

Obamacare, ofﬁcially the Affordable Care Act, was one of President Obama’s key legislations during his second term. The Democratic Party wants to continue securing universal health care. Doing this would require reducing prescription drug costs and treating mental health. To ensure the safety of Americans, the party believes in preventing gun violence.

holds both the majority of seats in the Senate and House of Representatives. The ﬁrst Republican president was Abraham Lincoln, the last being George W. Bush.

Republicans consider the establishment of a pro-growth tax code, while protecting private investments. Their trade policy includes protecting international trade by better negotiating trade agreements.

WISPOLITICS / FLICKR

REBIRTH OF CONSTITUTIONAL GOVERNMENT

The party believes in reafﬁrming the Constitution with limited government, separation of powers and individual liberty. They also uphold the right of individuals to keep and bear arms.

AMERICA’S NATURAL RESOURCES

Developing forms of energy that are marketable is essential to the party by including coal, oil, natural gas, nuclear power and hydropower. They would like to shift responsibility for environmental regulation and transform the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) into an independent bipartisan commission. GOVERNMENT REFORM

Balancing the Budget, Social Security, Immigration, IRS.

GREAT AMERICAN FAMILIES, EDUCATION, HEALTHCARE AND CRIMINAL JUSTICE

In order to address college debt and costs, private sector participation in student ﬁnancing should be restored. Reforming the FDA by emphasizing hard science and approving medicines would beneﬁt the United States, instead of focusing on regulating health records. To continue as a nation, we must restore trust in law enforcement and civil order.

A third of the options Who else can you choose? SPENCER OSHITA / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

America has always been a two-party system; Democrats and Republicans have squared off against each other in every election since 1856. Every so often, however, candidates from other political parties stumble into national stardom as the bronze medalist of the election.

GARY EARL JOHNSON The Libertarian candidate for president is no stranger to politics, having served as the Governor of New Mexico from 1995-2003 and as the top of the Libertarian ticket in 2012. Known for using his veto power more times than his 49 counterparts combined, Johnson is a proponent of small government, which includes removing government oversight on abortion, same-sex marriage, education, Social Security and Medicare as well as drastically reducing the federal budget by 43 percent. At age 63, he is the youngest of the four candidates. Johnson is the alternate, scandal-free male candidate.

In a season where the two leading candidates have the highest unfavorability ratings of any in modern history, Americans have found two third parties — the Libertarian and Green parties — that are running two relatively unknown, but politically independent people.

JILL ELLEN STEIN

GAGE SKIDMORE / FLICKR

Dr. Stein is an activist who was at the top of the Green Party ticket in 2012. She has previously served as a member of the Lexington Town Meeting from 2005-2011. Stein believes that healthcare and education are rights, that the one percent should not have 90 percent of the wealth, that LGBT individuals should be protected from discrimination, that the Black Lives Matter campaign is a vital movement, that all foreign military bases should be closed and that gun control will be integral in stopping mass shootings. Stein is the alternate, scandal-free female candidate.

GAGE SKIDMORE / FLICKR

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MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

Why health records and tax returns matter The public deserves disclosure of the health records and tax returns of presidential candidates ANDREW MENOR / INTERN

Tax and health records shed light on personal information that can impact a candidate’s ability to govern. The public deserves to know the truth behind the presidential candidates’ ﬁnancial claims, and the true integrity of their health.

HEALTH RECORDS Although not required by law, it has become standard practice for presidential candidates to release medical reports in order to demonstrate to the public their health and fitness to serve in the nation’s highest office. Medical records are illuminating because they divulge information about an individual’s mental and physical health. These records also indicate whether he or she may be at risk for a serious illness. Despite what candidates may want you to believe about the status of their health, the proof matters. The public deserves assurance that if elected, a candidate will be healthy enough to fulfill the basic duties as our country’s chief executive and complete a full term in office. History provides examples of presidents who suffered from health ailments, but were not

forthcoming about them. As a result, the public was unjustifiably kept in the dark about illnesses that compromised the ability of these presidents to operate. Franklin D. Roosevelt’s hidden heart problems made him ineffective in negotiating with world leaders at the Yalta Conference near the end of WWII. John F. Kennedy’s secret medical conditions, and the profusion of drugs he used to treat them, made it more difficult for him to perform during crucial moments of the Cold War. President Woodrow Wilson was able to conceal the two near-fatal strokes which left him partially paralyzed and limited in his ability to campaign in favor of the League of Nations following WWI. These men still had exceptional presidential careers. Nevertheless, their ailments did affect their ability to fulfill their responsibilities, which

could have undermined our country’s vital interests. In the frenetic world we live in today, these types of risks must be avoided at all costs. Our next president must be able to communicate and make decisions at the highest possible level. When candidates disclose their health records, voters can determine who is most capable of living up to this standard. Unfortunately, neither candidate in this election has released thorough medical records. This is concerning, given how old they both are. Hillary’s recent bout of pneumonia and her documented history of having blood clots, and Donald’s recent physical examination showing that he is overweight, have only reinforced the need for them to be transparent about their health. Our nation’s future could depend on it.

TAX RETURNS

Since 1976, almost every presidential candidate has released a summary of their tax returns to the public, and as a result, the American people see a clearer picture of the candidates’ financial stability. From tax returns, the public can glean information about a candidate’s annual income, debt obligations and the amount of his or her charitable donations. This information is important because it can speak volumes about a candidate’s integrity, or the lack thereof. Tax returns can be used to verify a candidate’s statements about his or her financial dealings. Is a candidate as generous, wealthy or financially solvent as he or she claims to be? Tax returns provide answers to these inquiries and

reveal just how forthcoming a candidate is with the public. Tax returns can also reveal whether a presidential candidate has exploited loopholes in our tax laws to avoid paying taxes, or if he or she has business dealings that may lead to conﬂicts of interest. The disclosure of tax returns would be useful in this presidential campaign, especially since the issue of integrity is a major concern for the electorate. To her credit, Hillary has already released her tax returns to the public. However, Donald Trump has refused to disclose his own, arguing that such information is irrelevant and not useful to the American people. He is wrong. The recent release of Trump’s tax returns from 1995 showing that he

may have avoided paying income taxes for nearly two decades has heightened public concern about the contents of his recent tax records and his character. This is the same man who has berated working class Americans for not paying taxes. How absurd would it be if the billionaire real estate mogul avoided paying his own? The complete disclosure of both his tax and health records will help to set the record straight, and most importantly, help voters choose the right candidate come Election Day.

ILLUSTRATIONS BY BRYE KOBAYASHI / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

THE AMERICAN IDENTITY PROJECT

[

THE AMERICAN IDENTITY PROJECT [ WHAT DOES IT MEAN TO BE AN AMERICAN?

“WHO ARE YOU?” That is a question that has fueled existential crises, caused angst in young adults, and left artists to make sculptures of thinking men. The components of our identity are surprisingly simple. What we like, what we don’t like, where we are from and where we are going are the simplest ways we can begin to tackle the complexity of personal identiﬁcation. The American Identity Project was started as an attempt to build off those very parameters of identity and correlate them with the diversity of one of the most economically, ethnically, and socially diverse countries in the world. The goal of this project was to start a conversation on “What does it mean to be an American?” With a country as complex as the

United States, the question of our national identity arises. Is there a national identity given the sheer vastness of cultures occupying the physical territory of this country? The multitude of ethnic cultures in this country stand as the cornerstones for communities, families, and countless small and corporate businesses. This diversity can also create tensions, as we have seen over history. But it can also create a type of hybrid respect for humanity that may not be present in other places. The United States of America is more than red, white, and blue. It is every color. It is every shade. For the people that call this place home, that very deﬁnition of “home” is extremely personal.

[ The American Identity Project aims to give a voice to those people; our neighbors, our families, and ourselves, so that we may think about what makes our country what it is and how it in turn makes us who we are. ]

OCT. 17, 2016

[ THE HAWAI‘I EFFECT ]

>>> PHOTO COURTESY OF PAISLEY MARES WILL HARPER UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA STUDENT

I grew up in rural Ohio. I’m black, with some Native American and Irish. Growing up as the only black kid in an all-white school in the ‘80s had its challenges, but it made me very tough. In the third grade I started going to an all-black school and faced equal challenges. By the time high school rolled around, I had been suspended for ﬁghting several times and was ready to leave Ohio for good. I had been accepted to Harvard University but couldn’t afford the tuition so I opted to join the Army Reserve and move to Honolulu in 2002. Upon arrival in

KALEY MAYO Hawai‘i, I was thrusted into an entirely different culture where my racial identity did not have to deﬁne who I was. From 2004-2013, I spent about 30 months in either Iraq or Afghanistan, giving me a completely different perspective and further shaping me into the man I am today.

BECOMING A WHITE AMERICAN MALE ANONYMOUS I’m a twenty year old multi-ethnic female and I have decided to live my life as a white American male. What can a female do in this world other than be a female? All occupations are deﬁned by the label of her gender. The “woman” thinker, the “female” C.E.O, the “girl” coder. No, I don’t want to be a female anything. I want to be what I am, without consideration of my gender. Like the great American authors: Twain, Roth, Hemingway. Not the great “female” writers whom we struggle to recall from their short list of names. I don’t want to be the ﬁrst woman anything. I just want to do whatever it is I do and be respected for the product. I want to be a citizen unquestioned by their genitals bearing on their mental capacity. Why be a White American Male? What does that accomplish? It accomplishes everything. Wouldn’t I be denying who I really am, therefore making the gash between equality and racism deeper? No, because I can’t be a white male physically. I’ll never look like one, sound like one, act like one, but I can think like one. Think with power, that there is nothing in my way except my own determination. Be emboldently igno-

Being American means having the freedom to believe what you want to believe, and love who you want to love, and have the opportunity to be anything you want to be. People cross oceans and deserts and risk everything to come here.

rant to social setbacks and walk my way through life like it is mine for the taking. Are all White American Males like this in their frame of mind? No, everyone is unique, different. But a White American Male can think like this if he chooses to. And if he thinks this way, he can, without drawing any attention, without being called out for it, without being told he shouldn’t. My mother raised a daughter to be independent, I am now raising me as my own son. I’ll continue to rear me with no limit and walk through made up ceilings. Where people will see long hair, black eyes, and pronounced features I will hear the heartbeat of a unchained man in my chest.

>>> PHOTOS COURTESY OF KALEY MAYO

THE AMERICAN IDENTITY PROJECT

AMERICA THE BEAUTIFUL (ON THE INSIDE) PAISLEY MARES UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA ALUMNI CURRENT UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA STUDENT

I used to think the desert was ugly, but after hours spent driving through it this year, it was like when you see someone for the ﬁrst time in a while and suddenly they’re really hot: I was pleasantly taken aback by its beauty. This, in a nutshell, is what much of my relationship with America as a whole has been like. Being from a state that many Americans still think is a foreign country, and growing up with a dad in the army, has given me a unique experience with calling the states “home.” Moving every few years to a different duty station and returning to a home state that often tries to distance itself from the shadow of the Stars & Stripes has driven a wedge between my relationship with a country that is technically home. When I was ﬁve, I moved overseas to Germany and spent a total of seven years there – even though I was only sixteen when I left, I was already planning my eventual retirement to the German

countryside where I would live as an organ grinder with a Capuchin monkey. I’ve been back on U.S. soil since 2008 but only after moving to the mainland last year have I truly felt like I’ve grown closer to this country and closer to ﬁnding my place within it, and that’s due in large part to road trips. The cross-country family road trips of my childhood were always like a highlight reel of America. Now as an adult, I can forge my own way and drive myself. It’s been like couple’s therapy. Sometimes, you become so comfortable with someone, you take them for granted. You can only focus on the million things they do that annoy you. But, when you ﬁnally make it out on a Saturday night, you see the light hit their face in just a way and you remember why you’re together at all. The best way to see America is by driving through it; you get to see it all, as the borders between states blend and you wonder why everyone insists on focusing on what

separates us when we’re not all that different from one another. And you get to pee on the side of the road while you do it. Though hands down what makes driving through the U.S. great are the endless oddities you encounter. From the giant rubber band balls to the colourful characters in line for the truck stop bathroom, it’s the equivalent of how one might pop their partner’s pimples: it’s not pretty, but it’s weird and it’s gross and it’s love. It is within encountering the strange that I have been able to see myself in the world around me – been able to connect to a place that eludes me most of the time. We don’t get a choice in where we enter this world, and while I can’t say I would pick America out of a speed-date line-up of countries (I mean, Switzerland just adopted a six-hour workday), I’m growing to appreciate this bizarre land the more I get to know it. It is not without its myriad of ﬂaws, but at least it’s got a good sense of humour.

>>> PHOTOS COURTESY OF PAISLEY MARES

OCT. 17, 2016

GERARDO AVILA JR. UNIVERSITY OF HAWAI‘I AT MĀNOA STUDENT

[ AMERICAN AS A DEFINITION ] TZANA SALDANIA PROJECT CURATOR | SENIOR STAFF WRITER

I thought of this American Identity Project because I was curious. I was curious to know how the people of this country viewed themselves. I was curious to see if all the “Coca-Cola” ads harping on the American lifestyle made us who we were, or if American identity was something more that I would never be able to see unless I had grown up in someone else’s shoes. I was tired of hearing myself think about the complexity of this idea. I was tired of hearing my voice attempting to deﬁne the identity of an entire nation. I wanted to see how people would react and answer the question: “What does it mean to you to be an American?” When this project started picking up attention and I began lecturing to classes on the concept of American Identity, I was taken aback. I had realized that we, as Americans, are not in fact “Americans” at all. We are Hawaiian, Black, White, Asian, and every ethnicity in between. When I transitioned my lectures to open discussions, the students would tell me about their ethnic heritages right off the bat. That was how they initially identiﬁed themselves. That emphasis on ethnicity comes from the fact that we live in a melting pot of cultures here in Hawai‘i. Would people initially talk about their ethnicities in rural Missouri, for example? I’m not sure they would. One student told me, “All my American identity is is my social security number and my address.” Other students expressed their tensions with race relations, politics, and everything inbetween. Others praised the United States

Growing up, I heard the word “American” used to refer to white people. For example, “An ‘American’ at work today told me that...” At some point in my life, I started correcting everyone I heard using this deﬁnition of the word “American.” I realized that it was wrong. Since having been born in this country (to immigrant parents), I was American too. Moreover, I told friends of mine who weren’t

>> PHOTO COURTESY OF TZANA SALDANIA

born in this country but had lived here for the majority of their lives that they were American as well. For me, being an American involves simply having lived in this country and absorbed a lot of its norms and values. I believe even those who don’t speak English at home or eat American foods for dinner are still American as long as they are familiar with American culture.

DON’T ASK ME ABOUT THIS for its freedom and diplomacy. In nearly every class, and to every person I have mentioned this project to, the question always comes back to me: “What is your American identity?” I never answered because I never wanted this project to be about me. Perhaps, that is my American identity after all. I am the daughter of a single mother. I grew up happily without a father; a father who happily lived his life never caring to meet me. I am a female attending college in a country where I am free to do so as long as I pay my tuition fees. I can be want I want to be, and I just as easily be nothing at all. This country gives me every opportunity to do as I please. I realize many may not agree that our freedom is universal, but, under this ﬂag I am a citizen and a free agent all at once. And that is something not many other countries can guarantee. From purple mountains majesty to the seas of Honolulu, Hawai‘ i, there are people in this country I will never meet. There are lives I will never know. Lives that seem as foreign as if they were lived out on another place on the globe. The best I can do is continue being curious, so that maybe, we can all learn a little bit more about our American identity.

>> PHOTO COURTESY OF DAVID PIERCE

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MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

EXPOUNDING ON THE ELECTORAL COLLEGE A breakdown of who they are and what they do CHRISTOPHER TABOR / STAFF WRITER

In case you do not remember from your civics class, the Electoral College is a body of people that votes every election cycle for who will be the next president. The college consists of 538 members that each vote for a presidential candidate, with a majority of 270 votes needed in order for a president to be elected. These electors represent each state’s vote for the president.

The number of electors allotted to each state is equivalent the number of seats they hold in the congressional delegation. Each state gets two electors for their two senators and as many electors as they do congresspeople. For example, Hawai‘i gets two electoral votes for its two senators and two more electoral votes for its two congresspeople, giving the state four votes.

HOW DOES IT WORK? Every four years, when citizens go and vote for the president, the candidate for each state is chosen by plurality vote. A plurality vote is when a candidate gets more votes than any of the other candidates. It is different from a majority vote, which requires a candidate to receive greater than 50 percent of the votes. Although it may not seem like it, the United States does have a multi-party system when it comes to the presidential election, so a plurality vote is required to win. Whichever candidate gets the plurality vote of the population, gets all of the Electoral College votes for that state. Nebraska and Maine are the only states that have a different process, in which Electoral

College votes are distributed among the candidates proportionally, based on how many votes they got from the general population. Once all of the Electoral College members submit their votes for the presidential candidate, Congress counts up the votes, and whoever receives the majority vote is announced as the new president-elect. Interestingly, there is no law in the Constitution which requires Electoral College members to vote for their state’s majority vote. Electors that do not vote with their state are called “faithless electors.” Only 157 “faithless” votes have ever occurred, with none of the faithless votes affecting the overall outcome of an election.

HOW ARE ELECTORS CHOSEN?

Typically, political parties in each state will nominate potential electors at their state party conventions. A couple of states have a different process, where each party has a central committee that votes on their choice of potential electors. The chosen potential electors can be anyone the party recognizes for their dedication and service to the party: state ofﬁcials, state party leaders, those with

a close connection to the presidential candidate of the party, etc. When voters go to vote for the president, they will also be simultaneously voting for the presidential candidates’ electors. The electors of whichever presidential candidate won are then appointed as the state’s new electors, who will then be voting for the president next election cycle.

MORE INFO It is important for voters to understand the impact that the Electoral College has on the presidential election and America as a whole. Citizens should know the workings of the College as well as its strengths and weaknesses. If voters were to make a decision on whether or not the Electoral College should be reformed, it is vital that they comprehend the implications of the reforms and understand the process of the Electoral College from the ground up.

The District of Columbia did not have electoral votes until 1961 when the 23rd Amendment was ratiﬁed. States that are not dominated by one political party are called swing states.

The last faithless elector was in 2000 when Barbara Lee-Simmons did not cast her vote at all in order to protest D.C.’s lack of congressional representation.

ILLUSTRATIONS BY BRYE KOBAYASHI / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

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MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

Why Obama is better than Clinton or Trump The 2016 Presidential candidates are not remaining true to their opinions

CHANEL DIAS STAFF WRITER

Republican candidate Donald Trump is a racist and extremist. Democrat Hillary Clinton is deceptive. Both are have high unfavorability ratings and are untrustworthy. Barack Obama exercises both class and consideration in everything he does for this country. Once his mind is made up, he sticks to his ideals with a clear conscience. Meanwhile, Clinton and Trump continue to show their change of opinions and ﬂippant concerns over several important issues, such as homosexuality and the 9/11 lawsuit bill. The country needs a president who can make up his or her mind, who will consider the consequences of making laws for the nation. Here is a look at how much the nation needs Obama calling shots from the White House for the next two terms in ofﬁce.

OBAMA WANTS HEALTHCARE FOR EVERYONE

OBAMA DOES NOT SUPPORT JASTA

In his ﬁrst presidential debate in 2008, Obama introduced Obamacare, a healthcare system in which everybody would be eligible for basic coverage, including uninsured Americans. Obamacare demonstrates his compassion for the people who cannot afford medical insurance. Donald Trump was in support of universal healthcare. In 1999, he told American television host Larry King that he is “very liberal when it comes to healthcare” and that he “believes in universal healthcare.” As a presidential candidate, Trump has now changed his mind, since the very party — and woman — he is running against holds universal healthcare at great value, especially for immigrants. “Obamacare, as you know, is a disaster,” Trump said at the Republican Town Hall in South Carolina. He claimed that health care premiums have risen to dramatic heights due to Obamacare. These accusations were later proven wrong. A president must be truthful and empathetic towards all Americans, especially to those who are in need. Trump has not proven to display any of these characteristics. “The Donald is not really a plans guy,” Obama said at the 2016 Democratic National Convention. “He’s not really a facts guy either.”

When Congress passed the 9/11 lawsuit bill, or the Justice Against Terrorism Act (JASTA), Obama expressed his opposition and vetoed it. The president understands that JASTA would likely destroy whatever negotiations and trades America has tried to sustain with Saudi Arabia – deals on oil and weapon distribution. According to NBC News, Hillary Clinton spokesman Jesse Lehrich said that “Clinton continues to support the efforts of Senator Schumer and his colleagues in Congress to secure the ability of 9/11 families and other victims of terror to hold accountable those responsible.” In fact, she “would sign this legislation if it came to her desk.” Donald Trump has also stated he would sign the legislation should he also become president. “President Obama’s veto of the Justice Against Sponsors of Terrorism Act is shameful,” Trump said, who has expressed racist remarks against Latinos and African-Americans and ﬁled million-dollar bankruptcies at the expense of his fellow Americans and doesn’t view these actions as shameful. “Does anyone really believe, that a guy who’s spent his 70 years on Earth showing no regard for working people is suddenly going to be your champion?” Obama asked at the 2016 DMC. “Your voice?”

MAN ON THE STREET

What do UH students wish to say to the soon-to-be-former president?

JEANALYN WADSACK-MYERS Electrical Engineering Major / Freshman

“Considering the situation that our country is in, I do think that Obama did the best job that he could. I hope that the next president will try to work off what [Obama] did do, and help make people feel a little more positive about our American politics. Thank you Obama for what you’ve done and for putting Hawai‘i on the map.”

RIKKI IGNACIO Finance Major / Senior

According to ontheissues.org, then presidential candidate Obama had stated in 2008 that he did not see homosexuality as a “curse.” Rather, he believed it to be biological. “I do not believe being gay or lesbian is a choice,” he said, offering his full support behind the LGBT community. Hillary Clinton, however, has been on and off about her personal opinions about same-sex marriage. “Marriage has historic, religious and moral content that goes back to the beginning of time, and I think a marriage is as a marriage has always been, between a man and a woman,” Clinton said on the campaign trail in 2000. She would later change her opinion in 2013 for the Human Rights Campaign by stating that she “supports marriage for lesbian and gay couples.” In January 2016, Donald Trump stated that he would consider overturning same-sex marriage should he be elected to ofﬁce.

KIMBERLEE SPEAKMAN, MANAGING EDITOR

GOODBYE, OBAMA Goodbye Obama, I think your life will be less stressful now.

OBAMA SUPPORTS LGBT

In four months, Barack Obama will be leaving his seat as president of the United States after serving eight years in the position. This will be a big change for many college students, as Obama has held the ofﬁce for a better part of our lives; many of us were still in grade school when he was elected. To gauge how University of Hawai‘i students were feeling about this, we went around the UH campus and asked students to give their goodbyes to the soon to be former president.

Goodbye Obama, I wish you would be our president forever.

TREY DELOSREYES English Major / Freshman

Aloha, Obama. Now that you’re gone in Washington D.C., please don’t come to Hawai‘i. You might still come for vacation, but please don’t come back. Don’t cause more trafﬁc, and don’t cause a line at my favorite shave ice store, Island Snow. Hope you can enjoy shave ice somewhere else.

MEAGAN COLON Communications Major / Senior

I’m kind of excited to see what will happen after [Obama’s] presidency. I don’t really want to say goodbye. So, I guess, farewell for now.

JENNIFER KAKIO English Major / Senior

I think Obama had some good policies and some not so good policies. I feel like overall, he could have done better; he could have done worse. He was pretty of middle of the line. Thank you for your service to this country for the past eight years, and I look forward to the next president.

JOSHUA FRIEDMAN International Business & Entrepreneurship Major / Freshman PHOTOS BY KIMBERLEE SPEAKMAN / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

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MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I



SOURCE: FOX NEWS

Fox News has been criticized for selective reporting to promote conservative viewpoints.

Breaking the cable news bubble Voters should be wary of selective reporting by the media ANGELINA SPENCE STAFF WRITER

In the ﬁrst presidential debate, viewers heard Donald Trump repeatedly refer to the mainstream media as a way to discredit Hillary Clinton’s claims. Trump’s most prominent outcry against mainstream media came when Clinton put very bluntly that, “Donald supported the invasion of Iraq.” Does Trump’s argument have any merit? Is the mainstream media full of lies or is he simply lying himself? The most notable example of bias in media is the increased polarization of TV news. Fox News and MSNBC are notorious for being conservative and liberal, respectively. Their political agendas can be observed in their reactions to the ﬁrst presidential debate. Immediately after the debate, Fox News came to the defense of Donald Trump while MSNBC discussed Hillary Clinton’s “win.” If one media station says a claim is accurate and another says it is wrong, who can viewers trust to tell them the truth? The problem here is selective reporting. Certain out-

lets emphasize different snippets of a story in order to deliver a certain message. Voters should be aware of media biases when learning about the election in order to be properly informed voters on Election Day. FACT-CHECKING THE BIG NAMES

Three of the biggest names in cable news are CNN, Fox and MSNBC. Most controversies over political bias follow the latter two of the group. Fox and MSNBC rarely stray from the political views of their respective parties, leaving people wondering whether they report objectively or subjectively. In a 2013 study conducted by the Pew Research Center, MSNBC was found to have 85 percent opinion biased reporting. In comparison, Fox was estimated to have 55 percent opinion biased reporting, and CNN had the lowest rating of 46 percent. Without a doubt, the data supports the speculation of media bias. This study attests to a bias in media, which raises the question of whether the media is “full of lies” like Trump claims? According to

Politifact, mainstream media does contain false information at times. Politifact gave Fox, MSNBC and CNN scores of 58, 45 and 22 percent false, respectively.

their favorite network are idealized. Voters who are aware of the bias in these networks and still choose to only watch a single channel are not doing all they can to become

If you’re not careful, the newspapers will have you hating the people who are being oppressed, and loving the people who are doing the oppressing. – MALCOM X MINISTER AND HUMAN RIGHTS ACTIVIST

LIVING IN A BUBBLE

Some viewers are aware of this bias and still choose Fox or MSNBC because of their own political beliefs. Many viewers tend to watch a certain cable news because their views are not challenged. Over time, a special kind of political bubble forms around viewers who commit themselves to a certain network. The other network is perceived as not trustworthy or legitimate, and the personalities on

educated about the issues of this year’s election. The proven discrepancies in the reporting of MSNBC and Fox shows how critical it is to get fresh perspective on news today. With that in mind, was the claim that Trump supported the invasion of Iraq fact or ﬁction? Well, it turns out the line separating the two becomes a little bit blurry. After it was announced U.S. forces had begun invading Iraq, Trump was quoted in a Fox News

interview saying that it “looks like a tremendous success from a military standpoint.” Many opponents of Trump use this single line to say Trump supported the invasion. It is hard to say that this line was Trump approving the war in its entirety. Many of the media’s claims are based on ambiguous proof like this one is. Remember this the next time a newscaster says that they believe something without a doubt. Instead of not watching cable news altogether, voters should take in the news with a grain of salt and be aware that, at times, there is bias present in the media. No one is ever right 100 percent of the time, and the same is true for the media today.

What do you think? Let us know @KaLeoOpinions

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MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

This election’s major scandals CHRISTINA YAN / SPECIAL ISSUES EDITOR

MELANIA TRUMP SPEECH AT THE REPUBLICAN NATIONAL CONVENTION

At the Republican National Convention, during her ﬁrst major address, Melania Trump heavily mirrored Michelle Obama’s address at the Democratic National Convention in 2008, appearing to have plagarized several lines. Initial responses included Melania saying she had written the entire speech. Later on, the Trump campaign blamed staffers for the error as Melania had a “team of

writers” to help note her experiences. Meredith McIver was identiﬁed as the person responsibile for lifting phrases for her convention speech. She apologized and offered her resignation, however McIver continutes to work for the organization today as the campaign refused to ﬁre anyone for the controversy.

DONALD TRUMP’S ‘HOT MIC’ ON ACCESS HOLLYWOOD

!!!

This election year, controversy has surrounded both presidential candidates. With all of the information being presented about their scandals, it is difﬁcult to sift through all of the articles and headlines to understand even the basic narratives. To help you understand both candidate’s public transgressions, here are brief summaries of their scandals.

KAYLI CLIFFORD / INTERN

HILLARY CLINTON’S PRIVATE EMAIL SERVER

Since this story broke, the press has not stopped talking about Clinton’s emails. Clinton claims that she wanted to use one device. Government-issued Blackberries were not allowed to access more than one email, thus her justiﬁcation for using a private email account. Clinton is not the only government ofﬁcial to use a private email account. Others including former Secretary of State Colin Powell have also done so. She claimed that everything she did was

“permitted,” however using a private email server requires approval before use, which she never obtained. But how many of her emails were classified? According to the FBI, 113 of her emails were classified, but only three were marked as classified, and these markers were not in the correct header of the emails. The FBI has been unable to find any evidence to suggest a charge or indictment of Clinton, but has ruled Clinton and her staff as being “careless.”

RUSSIA HACKS INTO OUR VOTING SYSTEM

!!!

Footage from a previously unaired episode of Access Hollywood revealed that Trump, while being recorded on a turned on microphone, had tried to forcefully come on to an unidentiﬁed married woman. He then began to recount lewd behavior he had done in the past. Trump refuted the terms he used to describe women, but he did not initially apologize for the behavior he had presented. This led to backlash from ofﬁcials of the Republican Party, including

the Speaker of the House, Paul Ryan, and various senators. After the release of the footage by the Washington Post, the New York Times published the accounts of two women who alleged that Trump had groped and kissed them without consent. Since the article, 17 women have now gone public with tales of inappropriate behavior, including former contestants from “The Apprentice.”

HILLARY’S SPEECHES TO GOLDMAN SACHS

Clinton made three paid appearances for Goldman Sachs between the time period after she left the State Department and when she announced her presidential campaign. Goldman Sachs is an American ﬁnance company that engages in investment banking and management, securities and investments. Clinton personally made $11 million in 2014 by making up to 51 speeches to

banks, groups and other industries. The series of speeches made for Goldman Sachs earned Clinton $675,000. The transcripts of those speeches were released by WikiLeaks earlier this month. Her speeches to various Wall Street groups have been a source of controversy throughout the 2016 campaign, especially during the primary while running against Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders.

In June, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) alleged that Russia had hacked into their computer system. Earlier this fall, the DNC had a second batch of documents stolen and published on the internet to download. The ﬁrst batch showed that party ofﬁcials had favored Hillary Clinton over Vermont Senator Bernie Sanders during the primary election. The hackers were accused of being

behind two attempts to breach state voter registration databases inlcuding a theft of data from Illinois and Arizona. The U.S. government has formally accused Russia of hacking into the DNC and attempting to interfere with the presidential election in an announcement made by the Obama Administration. Russian President Vladimir Putin denied involvement in the security breach.

DONALD TRUMP FOUNDATION & TRUMP UNIVERSITY

It was recently found that Trump used $250,000 from the Trump Foundation, which is money donated for charity, to settle lawsuits. These lawsuits were against his own private businesses. It was also found that Trump used some of the funds to buy extravagant items for himself, such as self portraits. Trump also used funds to illegally donate to Florida’s Attorney General, Pam Bondi, while she was threatening to investigate Trump University. Trump University is not a real university. In 2005, Donald Trump introduced seminar-type courses promising to teach paying students the secrets to business

success. Trump also promised to provide highly qualiﬁed instructors that he had “hand-picked.” The supposed business experts teaching many of Trump’s courses were not experts at all. It seemed that the priority of these so-called instructors was to up-sale the students taking the course, instead of teaching them valuable material they were promised. Despite claims by Donald Trump and Trump University’s website of a 98 percent approval ratings, Trump University has been sued multiple times by its previous students. ILLUSTRATIONS BY AMY LOWE / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

2016 PREDIDENTIAL ELECTION SPECIAL ISSUE

Global warming is not a hoax Our next president needs to take climate change seriously

DAVID BUBBINS / INTERN

As an atmospheric scientist pursuing a master’s degree, I get into countless arguments with climate change skeptics about the possibility of climate change being a hoax. The more I learn about the science behind climate change, the easier it becomes to debunk this claim. A Monmouth University study revealed that 30 percent of Americans do not believe in climate change or do not know what they think about the controversy. Ignorance is killing our planet. This election season, we need to elect a president who does not stand with these ﬁve claims that disprove climate change.

NASA CLAIMED THAT THE EARTH HAS NOT BEEN WARMING FOR OVER A DECADE They never said that. NASA was looking into the possibility of a Global Warming Hiatus, or a period in time when the Global Mean Temperature (GMT) has not increased in at least 15 years. NASA reports that, “from January to June [2016] was also the planet’s warmest year on record, with an average temperature 1.3 degrees Celsius

(2.4 degrees Fahrenheit) warmer than the late nineteenth century.” 1.3°C is a rather signiﬁcant amount. The biggest problem this can cause is the increase in ocean temperatures, which will result in the melting of the polar ice caps. Because the polar caps are above sea level, this melting will result in increasing ocean heights.

THERE IS NO REAL SCIENTIFIC BASIS IN CLIMATE CHANGE The science behind climate change is the reason why the atmosphere does not reach absolute zero overnight. Earth’s atmosphere is warmed by the greenhouse gases, which absorb the sun’s infrared rays as they enter the earth’s atmosphere

and keep them from escaping. According to Bier’s Law, when the concentration of these gases increase, infrared rays entering the earth’s atmosphere are more likely to be absorbed and reﬂected back towards earth’s surface.

CLIMATE CHANGE IS A NATURAL OCCURRENCE WHICH HAS HAPPENED MULTIPLE TIMES IN THE PAST There is no science that validates this claim, because atmospheric scientists do not have a good understanding of the atmosphere’s past 800,000 years. Past atmospheres are observed by drilling into Antarctic ice in order to ﬁnd small pockets of air. These pockets contain the concentration of a speciﬁc gas in a past atmosphere. In order to determine the air pocket’s origin year, scientists can carbon

date, or calculate the ratio of radioactive carbon to regular carbon. Because radioactive carbon has a limited lifespan, scientists can determine its period of origin, however no air pocket older than 800,000 years old has been discovered. Within that 800,000 years, there has not been a signiﬁcant increase in carbon dioxide to show that hypothesis is possible.

THIS IS A HOAX TO PUSH A GREEN AGENDA RESEARCH IN THE LATE ‘70S AND ‘80S PROVED THAT CLIMATE CHANGE DOES NOT EXIST This is true, but that research is contaminated. Many universities in the 1980s were given private grants to create evidence against climate change. Who would be so inclined to do this? How about the largest oil company in

America, ExxonMobil? Any science that is swayed one way or another based on bias is not real science. Research must be conducted on an unbiased stand-point.

We must think about what we could lose if we formulate an agenda-driven hoax. In the criminal justice system, falsifying evidence to get someone convicted can result in disbarment, a hefty ﬁne, up to 20 years in prison or all of the above. Why do people throw scientiﬁc facts out the window? My hypothesis is they do not want climate change to be real. They are afraid of what would happen if

it was real, so the best way to cope with a damaging idea is avoid believing in it. An out of sight, out of mind idea is understandable, but this ignorance is killing our planet. As a collective whole, we need to put our minds together to think of a solution and elect a president who will attempt that solution, or our children will inherit a mess of a planet.

ILLUSTRATIONS BY TIMOTHY LEONCIO / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

IN SCALIA’S SHADOW: THE FATE OF THE COURT

ANOTHER TERM WITHOUT A REPLACEMENT COULD SPELL TROUBLE SPENCER OSHITA / EDITOR-IN-CHIEF

In February, conservative icon Antonin Scalia, an Associate Justice on the United States Supreme Court, passed away, sparking a standoff in Washington between Senate Republicans and President Barack Obama; Republicans insist that instead of Obama’s nominee, Chief Judge Merrick Garland of the D.C. Circuit Court, the seat should be ﬁlled by his successor, while the Obama administration insists that the Senate is not doing its constitutional duties. While the standoff continues, Scalia’s seat stays vacant. As a result, the Supreme Court has eight justices, leaving open the possibility of a tie, which would prevent them from establishing any precedent or mak-

ing any decision on a case. During their last term, four cases on the docket ended in a tie; Friedrichs v. California Teachers Association, where a tie vote left California teachers paying dues to unions they were not members of, and United States v. Texas, where a tie vote left 3.6 million unauthorized immigrants — all parents of U.S. citizens — without legal status or protection from immediate deportation, are the two most consequential decisions left unaddressed by the nation’s highest court. Since their new term started earlier this month, it is appropriate for us to look at which issues could potentially end up unaddressed by the Court in a tie.

PASSPORT

COUNTRY

SOURCE: FREEPIK

IMPARTIAL JURIES

DEATH PENALTY

The justices heard arguments on Oct. 11 for Pena-Rodriguez v. Colorado; Miguel Angel Pena-Rodriguez claims that an individual with racial bias sat on the jury that convicted him of sexual assault and harassment. He argues that the juror infringed upon his right to an impartial jury granted by the Sixth Amendment. A tie in this case would give individuals no precedent to challenge a decision made by a racially-biased jury.

The Supreme Court also heard arguments on Buck v. Davis early this term; Duane Edward Buck, a convicted murderer on death row, claims that his lawyer provided ineffective assistance of counsel (IAC) by calling an expert witness to the stand that afﬁrmed that, as a black man, Buck would be more likely to commit future crimes if given a lighter sentence. A tie would make it harder for a convicted felon on death row, guilty or not, to claim IAC as a legal defense.

Ultimately, the Supreme Court will face these and more pressing issues affecting Americans across the nation. The next president is expected to make at least

SOURCE: FREEPIK

IMMIGRATION AND BIRTHRIGHT CITIZENSHIP

MALICIOUS PROSECUTION The Supreme Court agreed to hear Manuel v. City of Joliet where Elijah Manuel claims that the police department of Joliet, Illinois illegally detained him. At a traffic stop, they assaulted him and executed a body search that yielded a bottle of pills. Police then falsified the findings and lied under oath, testifying that the bottle contained ecstasy. Even though Manuel was able to prove that the bottle did not contain ecstasy, he was arraigned and remained in custody for a month. A tie would deny individuals a precedent to the right of malicious prosecution claims, affirming that individuals do not have a right to be free from groundless prosecution.

In Lynch v. Morales-Santana, the Court will consider whether or not Luis Ramon Morales-Santana, a felon, can be deported if he claims derivative citizenship from his biological father, who was a U.S. citizen at the time of his birth. A tie vote would allow Morales-Santana to remain in the country, but would not produce a binding precedent that other individuals could use to make a similar argument.

three nominations to the highest court, so the vote in this election means more than just determining our future for the next four years, it may be for the next 30.

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SALARY RANGE: $48,000.00 - $60,000.00 ANNUAL | CLOSING DATE: 11/30/2016

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MarrJones & Wang LLP Salary: TBD | Close Date: 12/16/16 or when filled Opportunity is for a distinguished UH student scheduled to graduate in Fall 2016 or Spring 2017. Seeking a candidate that desires to gain law firm experience--learning and performing the duties of a litigation paralegal prior to going to law school. Opportunity to gain one to two years of working knowledge in a private law firm through a full-time paid fellowship. Perform project management of all litigation matters following established procedures. Work closely with attorneys through discovery, trial preparation, trial, appeals process and closure.

Off-Campus Part-Time

Internships & Cooperative Education (Co-op)*

WELLNESS TRAINER

2017 PO‘OKELA FELLOWS INTERNSHIP

Provide pre and post sales support for Hewlett Packard(HP) Personal Systems products Drive selling and communication activities around HP products Maintain sales opportunity funnel and activities log Submit monthly reports Drive HP product based training for internal sales team Attend HP trainings, meetings and co-selling opportunities (may require some travel)

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Key Responsibilities include but are not limited to: Assists in planning, organizing, and directing medically approved programs for residents in the Wellness Center Leads and organizes aquatic and dry land activities that occur in the pool and exercise areas Instructs residents in the correct use of all exercise equipment, and provides support for balance on and off equipment and in and out of the pool Takes pool duties when scheduled and also assists in transporting residents to and from the Health Care Center, and exercising with residents in their rooms

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EVENTS CALENDAR OCT

OCT

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

SUNDAY

Entreprenurship Global Chef Learn About Live with Cristine Program-France Going to Law Camp School at Night

CCBAC’s Ghostbusters Movie Night

Nippon Culture 2016 BigBang A House Divided Day Made [V.I.P] Tour

Shilder E402

Campus Center Ballroom

Richardson School of Law

Campus Center Ballroom

Imin Center - Garden Level

Neal S. Blaisdell Center

Kennedy Theatre

5:00 - 6:30 PM

11:00 - 1:00 PM

5:30 - 7:00 PM

6:00 - 11:00 PM

9:00 - 2:00 PM

7:30 PM

2:00 - 3:00 PM

OCT

MONDAY

TUESDAY

WEDNESDAY

THURSDAY

FRIDAY

SATURDAY

SUNDAY

CCBAC’s Makana o MƗnoa

The MCAT

Food Day

Hemenway Hall Courtyard

Webster 103

Campus Center Courtyard

Webster 103

Hamilton Library, Sunny Alcove

Aloha Stadium

5:00 - 8:00 PM

5:30 - 7:00 PM

10:00 - 1:00 PM

5:30 - 7:00 PM

1:00 - 3:00 PM

@ 6:00pm

Practice for Your Wikipedia Football Game Interview! Editing: Hawai- (vs. New Mexico) ian Mythology

there’s a lot more going on, so be sure to check out hawaii.edu/calendar/manoa

Last Minute Halloween Shopping ALL DAY

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

RALPH ARISTA / STAFF WRITER

VOTE FIVE STARS FIVE FILMS TO GET YOU EXCITED ABOUT ELECTION SEASON ‘THE AMERICAN PRESIDENT’ (1995)

‘LINCOLN’ (2012)

‘THE IDES OF MARCH’ (2011)

With election season coming to its close, many are preparing for Election Day. And for those of us not registered to vote, you may feel overwhelmed by the election process. If you want to get into the spirit of the season without getting caught up in all the complicated matters of the election, here are a some American politics-centric movies that you can enjoy. ‘ D AV E ’ (1993)

‘ S T A T E O F P L AY ’ (2009)

SOURCE: IMDB

Devoting your life to your career as president of the United States or following your heart is the dilemma in “The American President.” President Andrew Shepherd (Michael Douglas) prepares for re-election and his main focus is to ensure support from the public. When he meets lobbyist Sydney Ellen Wade (Annette Bening), his focus shifts and the two fall deeply in love. As their relationship continues, the public begins to question whether Shepherd can retain his professionalism as president. With the opposing candidate attacking, and his presidency on the line, will Shepherd stay true to his heart or to his country?

In this historical drama, we see an America divided by the Civil War. In January 1865, President Abraham Lincoln (Daniel Day-Lewis), believing the war is near its end, has begun work on establishing his 1863 Emancipation Proclamation as a basis for the proposed 13th amendment to the Constitution. Though he is met with conflict — as he believes that the document may be discarded once the war is concluded — he does not find himself deterred. It is with courage, morality and a strong sense of self that President Lincoln continues to push the idea of a brighter future for America to the nation. “Lincoln” conveys why Abraham Lincoln stands as one of our nation’s most well-known and influential presidents.

Critically acclaimed actor Ryan Gosling stars as Stephen Meyers, junior campaign manager to Governor Mike Morris (George Clooney) in this American political drama. As the Democratic primary inches nearer, Governor Morris appears to be the preferred candidate for the nomination over his opponent. When a meeting with the opposition’s campaign manager (Paul Giamatti) and a budding romance with one of Morris’ interns (Evan Rachel Wood) causes Meyers to step foot into the world of dirty politics, Morris’ chances at the election are suddenly up in the air. “The Ides of March” gives viewers a look at what happens in the election process.

If you were the president of the United States, how would you run the country? This hypothetical situation becomes real for Dave Kovic (Kevin Kline). After a series of unfortunate events leaves the actual president, Bill Mitchell, in a coma, what began as a temporary job as the president’s body double, becomes a full on career for Kovic as our nation’s leader. President Dave takes it upon himself to correct the corrupt image the president has painted of himself, though that may not be the best idea. And it does not take long before the press, nation and the First Lady (Sigourney Weaver) start to realize something is very off with the “President.” “Dave” paints a quirky picture to the dull and serious nature of our nation’s political system.

In this political thriller, Ben Afﬂeck plays Washington’s golden boy, Congressman Stephen Collins. Collins’ political career is on the rise and his presidential nomination is all but in the proverbial bag. But when his research assistant/ mistress Sonia Baker (Maria Thayer) is found brutally murdered, things take a turn for the worse for the rising star. Hidden secrets that could ruin Collins’ career surface. To further complicate the situation, Collins’ old friend, now investigative reporter, Cal McAffrey (Russell Crowe) steps onto the scene to investigate the murder.

THE BEST AND WORST OF FIVE US PRESIDENTS ANDREW JACKSON

ABRAHAM LINCOLN

FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT

RONALD REAGAN

BILL CLINTON

PRO: In January 1835, Andrew Jackson paid off the last of the national debt that the country had incurred since its inception. But when Jackson issued the Specie Circular to regulate all government land sale, it led to the Panic of 1837, encouraging the government under Jackson’s successor to borrow money and incur debt again. The federal government has not been debt-free since. CON: Jackson signed the Indian Removal Act of 1830 into law, which authorized him to negotiate with native tribes to move them off of ancestral lands to designated areas west of the Mississippi River. The law led to the Trail of Tears under Van Buren, were of indigenous tribes such as the Cherokee were forcibly removed.

PRO: Following the Confederate army’s retreat at the Battle of Antietam, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation in 1863, changing the legal status of slaves in the South from enslaved to free. His efforts to push the 13th Amendment through Congress resulted in its passage two years later, ofﬁcially declaring the end of slavery.

PRO: After the stock market crash that led to the Great Depression, Roosevelt promised a New Deal. His deliverables included the National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA), which allowed workers to unionize and collectively bargain for better working conditions and wages; the Works Progress Administration (WPA), which provided jobs for the unemployed; and the Social Security Act, which guaranteed pensions for millions and created an insurance system for the unemployed. CON: In 1942, Roosevelt issued Executive Order 9066 – a unilateral action that authorized the removal of the majority of Japanese-Americans from their homes and properties, placing them in internment camps around the nation.

PRO: Reagan presided over the end of the Cold War, building a rapport with Soviet General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev to reduce nuclear arms in both countries. In a speech given in Berlin, he demanded Gorbachev to tear down the Berlin Wall – it fell 10 months after his presidency ended. The Soviet Union collapsed soon after.

PRO: With the exception of one year under Nixon, Clinton presided over the only four years since 1960 where the country ran a surplus, spending less money than the national income. He also signed the State Children’s Health Insurance Program into law, which was designed to cover uninsured children in lower income families.

CON: While Congress was in recess in April 1861, Lincoln adopted a Congressional power via the Suspension Clause and suspended the right to writs of habeas corpus; courts were no longer allowed to issue them to compel individuals to provide proper cause when arresting or detaining others.

CON: As a result of Reagan’s economic policies, the budget deﬁcit increased to $200 billion, which, at the time, was the largest increase of federal spending. Even though Reagan promised to cut government spending, he ended up increasing government spending by 68 percent between 1980 and 1986.

CON: Clinton signed the Violent Crime Control and Law Enforcement Act of 1994 into law. The bill eliminated the possibility for inmates to receive a higher education and added 60 new death penalty offenses to federal statutes.

2016 NATIONAL ELECTION SPECIAL ISSUE

MONDAY, OCT. 17, 2016

KA LEO O HAWAI‘I: THE VOICE OF HAWAI‘I

SPORTS

sports@kaleo.org @kaleosports

Drew Afualo Sports Editor

Christian Shimabuku Associate Sports Editor

A PLAYER WITH A COACH’S MINDSET GABRIEL ESTEVEZ / KA LEO O HAWAI‘I 

Guinasso plays for both the indoor women’s volleyball team, and the sand volleyball team. KATIE ALMEIDA SENIOR STAFF WRITER

On a roster of 20 women for the Rainbow Wahine volleyball team, eight are listed as defensive specialists. No other position on the team has that amount of competition. While the competition is great for the coaches and advances the level of play, it can be hard for a defensive specialist to get to see any consistent amount of court time. Junior Gianna Guinasso is one of 12 scholarship recipients for the position and has been waiting in

the wings for her chance to step up to the challenge of being a starter. Guinasso was raised loving volleyball. Her father played professional volleyball in the AVP tour alongside Olympic volleyball player Kerri Walsh’s husband Casey Jennings. “I probably started when I could crawl,” Guinasso said. “Me and my friend were like in a crib on the sand. My dad would toss us balls, he’d make me pepper or pass back and forth with him like 100 times before I could step on the court and play.” Her father, Angelo, was her coach until she was 15 and now he

coaches her brother, Grant, proving that volleyball runs in the family. “He’s my lifelong coach. Now he‘s coaching my brother so I’ll go to my brother’s tournaments,” Guinasso said. “It’s a family affair. My mom played tennis but she can pick up volleyball because her sisters played.” While she has not seen the amount of playing time she would have liked to in the past two seasons, this year she is getting more of an opportunity to show her skill on the court. “I’m happy but also I want to make sure whatever I’m doing is working and I need to make sure I am still doing that and more in practice so I

mind. She really understands the game and understands the ﬂow of this team.” Her natural talent for volleyball is also recognized. “Her strengths are she’s a very ﬁerce server. She serves with a lot of pace and she is a very hard person to pass off her serve,” Hall said. “She has one of the best platforms on the team. Her arm platforms, her angle, how she passes, I always tell her I think is in the top two or three in the whole team.” With so much prior experience, Guinasso still does all that she can in order to improve her game. She plays on the Sand ‘Bows beach volleyball team in order to never be

contributing however she can for the rest of the indoor season, and hopes to advance in the upcoming beach season. “I’ve been consistently at the sixth spot so I’m hoping to be 1 through 5. This summer I worked a lot more on being a medium. Not a big blocker but not a small defender. I did a lot more blocking this summer,” Guinasso said. “It looks funny since I’m kind of small but it’s math and timing and that’s where the IQ and the coaches mindset comes into play. You’ll see me playing more if I keep my skill level up and focus on what I need to be stronger on.”

FACTOID

You’ll see me playing more if I keep my skill level up and focus on what I need to be stronger on. – GIANNA GUINASSO UH WOMEN’S VOLLEYBALL PLAYER

COURTESY OF HAWAII ATHLETICS

can keep seeing the court,” Guinasso said. “I guess making minor mistakes and learning from my errors so I can perfect it and make sure I get the playtime I want.” Her coaches are seeing the improvements that she has made over her three years here on the team. “It takes a lot of time to change that so she’s going through some failure and she’s having to work through that. She wants to get on the ﬂoor badly,” associate head coach for indoor and head coach of the beach volleyball team Jeff Hall said. “She has a coach’s mindset. Her dad’s a player, a coach, and she grew up around the game so she understands. She’s not happy with her role, but she gets it from a coach’s standpoint. I think that may be one of her assets, her

out of season and continue to be a well rounded player. “For me, I really like that for beach I can focus on me for a whole match versus having one chance to make one play,” Guinasso said. “The whole match I can really dial in and get warmed up and know what’s going on. Indoor, it’s a smaller window and I have to work through adversity.” The coaching staff is hopeful for her future on the team this season, as well as her potential for a professional career. “I hope we see more of her,” Hall said. “She just has to perform consistently in practice and in matches.” Guinasso knows what to work on and has the drive and persistence to always strive to be a better player. She is looking forward to

GIANNA GUINASSO HEIGHT: 5’9 CLASS: Junior MAJOR: Pre-Business in Marketing HOMETOWN: Huntington Beach,CA HIGHSCHOOL: Huntington Beach High School PRE-GAME RITUAL: Finishing a homework assignment before the game or eating Skittles FAVORITE BOOK: The Giver FAVORITE MOVIE: anything Disney