Working with NonSquare Pixels
Images displayed on a computer monitor are made up of square pixels. Conversely, an image displayed on a video monitor is not composed of pixels at all. Non-square pixels are most commonly used by encoding devices for video production. When importing an image created by a square-pixel graphics program into a video editing program such as Adobe Premiere, the square pixels are automatically scaled to nonsquare pixels for video encoding. This scaling results in a distorted image. By default, non-square pixel documents open with Pixel Aspect Ratio Correction enabled. This enables you to preview how the image will appear on an output device such as a video monitor, and see how it will appear when exported to an analog video device. In keeping with an ever-changing industry, Adobe includes the following Pixel Aspect Ratio options: OVCPROHO 1080(1.5) and HOV 1080/DVCPROHO 720 (1.33).
Work with Non-Square Pixels
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Proof Setup Proof Colors Gamut Warning
Click the File menu, and then click New.
..
On the bottom of the New dialog box, click the Pixel Aspect Ratio list arrow, select any of the nonsquare pixel settings, and then click OK. Click the Window menu, point to Arrange, click New Window to create a new window, and then select the new window.
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To reset the pixel aspect ratio to the default, click the View menu, point to Pixel Aspect Ratio, click Reset Pixel Aspect Ratios, and then click OK (replaces) or Append (replaces, yet retains any custom values). To remove the pixel aspect ratio, click the View menu, point to Pixel Aspect Ratio, click Delete Pixel Aspect Ratio, select the aspect ratio, and then click Delete.
Chapter 1
Getting Started with Photoshop CC
15
Opening Images
Photoshop lets you open image files created in different formats, such as TIFF,JPEG (New!), GIF,and PNG, as well as Photoshop documents in the PSD or PSB (Large Document) formats. If you want to simply open an image or Photoshop document, the Open dialog box is the most efficient way. However, if you need to manage, organize, or process files, Adobe Bridge or Mini Bridge is the way to go. You open an existing Photoshop document or image file the same way you open documents in other programs.
Open an Image
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Click the File menu, and then click Open to display all file types in the file list of the Open dialog box.
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Click the Files of Type (Win) or Enable (Mac) list arrow, and then select a format. Click the the look In (Win) or Where (Mac) list arrow, and then choose the location where the image you want to open is stored. Click the image file you want to open.
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For Your Information
See Also See "Understanding File Formats" on page 427 for information on the different file formats.
16
Chapter 1
Opening a File as Another Format There may be times when you need to open a file in Photoshopthat was saved incorrectly (with the wrong extension) or is being moved between Windows and Macintosh systems. If this is the case, when you are in the Open dialog box, select the correct format from the Open As (Winl or Format [Macl Iist arrow, and then click Open. If the file does not open, then the chosen format may not match the file's real format, or the file may be damaged.
Inserting Images in a Document
Insert an Image in a Document Using the Place Command
o o
Open a Photoshop document.
You can use Photoshop's Place command to insert artwork into an open document. To increase your control of the new image information, Photoshop places the new image into a separate layer. Photoshop lets you place files saved in PDF,Adobe Illustrator, and EPSformats. When you first place a vector-based image into Photoshop, you have the ability to modify the width, height, and rotation while retaining the vector format of the file. However, since Photoshop is primarily a raster program, when you finalize your changes, Photoshop rasterizes the file information (converts the vector data into pixels). and saves it as a Smart Object, which means you can no longer edit the placed document as you would a vector shape or path. However, you can still open up the Smart Object in the original file, and make changes to update it.
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Control the shape by manipulating the corner and side nodes of the freeform bounding box. Press Enter (Win) or Return (Mac) to rasterize the image at the resolution of the active document.
Newlayerplaced Chapter 1
Getting Started with PhotoshopCC
17
Importing Raw Data from a Digital Camera
Raw image file formats are available with most mid- to high-end digital cameras and contain information about how the image was taken. The raw format turns off all camera adjustments, and saves the image information to a digital memory card. When you open a raw file, Photoshop opens Camera Raw version 8 (New!), allowing you to adjust image details. If you're not sure what to do, you can click Auto on the Basic tab to have Camera Raw do it or drag sliders to adjust options manually. You can set white balance with presets (New!) (remove color casts), color temperature (warm or cool light source), image exposure, contrast, highlights, shadows, clarity, and vibrance (color vividness). In addition, you can adjust color tones (Hue, Saturation, and Luminance or grayscale), reduce luminance and color noise, add grain, add sharpening, correct for lens defects (including the Upright tool (New!) to straighten horizons and apply perspective corrections), add post-crop vignetting and effects, apply graduated (exposure) or radial (New!) (inside/outside circular area) filters and retouch images with the Spot Removal-Heal (New!) and Clone-and Red Eye tools. In addition, raw images can be converted into 16-bit mode, which provides more control over adjustments such as tonal and color correction. Once processed, raw images can be saved in the DNG (Digital Negative), TIFF, PSD, PSB, or JPEG formats. When a raw file is placed as a Smart Object, Photoshop embeds the raw data within the document, allowing you to change the raw settings and update the converted layer.
Import a Camera Raw File •
Click the File menu, and then click Open. •
o o •
To place a raw file as a Smart Object, click the File menu, and then click Place.
Click the Files of Type (Win) or Enable (Mac) list arrow, and then click Camera Raw. Select a single raw image file, or Ctrl (Win) or ~ (Mach click to select more than one file. Click Open.
Enable: [ Camera Raw Format: Photoshop
The Camera Raw dialog box opens. •
Click any of the tabs-Basic, Tone Curve, Detail (Sharpen & Noise Reduction), HSL / Grayscale, Split Toning, Lens Corrections (New!), Effects, Camera Calibration, Presets, or Snapshots-to change the options you want.
18
Chapter 1
mage Sequence
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To automatically make tonal adjustments, click Auto on the Basic tab, and then make any other manual adjustments.
Imagepreview
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Use the Zoom, Hand, Rotate, Crop, and Straighten tools to change the size, orientation, and position of the image.
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Use the White Balance tool to set the image white balance or the Color Sampler tool to sample a color from the image.
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Image Preview. If checked, displays current version of image with all changes that have been made. Zoom Level. Changes to the leyel of image magnification can be made here.
Click the file name to change the 0 (color) Space, (bit) Depth, Size, and Resolution of the image.
G Click Save Image(s) to specify a folder destination, file name, and format for the processed images.
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Select the images you want to synchronize (apply settings) in the Filmstrip (if desired, click Select All), and then click Synchronize.
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Use the Spot Removal (New!) (Heal or Clone) or Red Eye Removal tool to fix the image.
Use the Adjustment Brush, • Graduated Filter, Radial Filter
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process the file, but not open it, or click Open Image(s) to process and open it in Photoshop. Hold Alt (Win) or Option (Mac) to use Open Copy or Reset. Chapter 1
Getting Started with Photoshop CC
19
Working with Smart Objects
A Smart Object is a container in which you can embed raster (e.g., PSD, JPEG, TIFF) or vector (e.g., AI, PDF,EPS) image data from another Photoshop or Adobe Illustrator file that retains all its original characteristics and remains fully editable. A Smart Object can be scaled, rotated, and warped nondestructively without losing original image data. Smart Objects store source data with the original object, so you can work on a representation of the image without changing the original-resulting in one file embedded within another. For example, when an Illustrator Smart Object is double-clicked in the Layers panel, Photoshop starts Illustrator and opens a working copy of the artwork. When you make changes in Illustrator and then save the file, Photoshop automatically re-rasterizes the file. If you duplicate a Smart Object, Photoshop stores only one copy of the source data while creating a second instance of the composite data, thus saving valuable disk space. When you edit one Smart Object, Photoshop updates all the copies. In addition, you can link Smart Objects to their layer masks so they can be moved together. You can create Smart Objects by converting selected layers, pasting Illustrator data from the clipboard, using the Place command to insert a file, or using the Open As Smart Object command.
Work with Smart Objects
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Click the File menu, click Open As Smart Object, select a file, and then click Open. Click the File menu, and then click Place to import into an open Photoshop document. Select a layer, click the Layer menu, point to Smart Objects, and then click Convert To Smart Object.
Press Enter (Win) or Return (Mac) to convert the image to a Smart Object (in the Layers panel).
•
To make a copy, drag the Smart Object layer to the New Layer button.
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Use one of the following to create a Smart Object:
Double-click the thumbnail of the original or copy to open the editor for the Smart Object. Chapter 1
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Smart 0bject
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Make the desired changes to the image, save, and then close the editor window. When you're done working with a Smart Object, use any of the following: •
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Export contents. Select the layer, click the layer menu, point to Smart Objects, and then click Export Contents. Photoshop saves the contents in its original format, or PSB if it was created from a layer.
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Convert to normal layer. Select the layer, click the layer menu, point to Rasterize, and then click Smart Object.
Replace contents. Select the layer, click the layer menu, point to Smart Objects, click Replace Contents, select a file, and then click Open.
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Youcan't alter pixel data. If you want to use painting, dodging, burning, or cloning tools, you need to convert the Smart Object layer to a normal layer. Youcan apply a filter to a Smart Object. When you apply a filter to a Smart Object, the filter becomes a Smart Filter. Smart Filters appear in the Layers panel below the Smart Object layer, where you can show or hide them independently; they are nondestructive. You can apply any filter, except Liquify and Vanishing Point. You can convert a 3D layer to a Smart Object. Select the 3D layer in the Layers panel, click the Options menu, and then click Convert To Smart Object. To re-edit the 3D content, double-click the Smart Object layer.
For Your Information Understanding Nondestructive
Editing
In Photoshop, nondestructive editing allows you to make changes to images while keeping the original image data intact. This flexibility allows you to experiment with different effects without worrying about harming your original image. You can perform nondestructive editing in many different areas of Photoshop. These include: (1) Transforming with Smart Objects, (2) Filtering with Smart Filters, (3) Adjusting variations, shadows, and highlights with Smart Objects, (4) Editing in Camera Raw, (5) Opening Camera Raw files as Smart Objects, (6) Cropping nondestructively, (7) Masking with layers and vectors, (8) Retouching on a separate layer using Clone Stamp, Healing Brush, and Spot Healing Brush tools, and (9) Working with adjustment layers.
Chapter 1
Getting Started with Photoshop CC
21
Changing Image Size and Resolution
Change Image Size •
o o •
o 22
Dragimageto movepreview
Clickto changeunits
Open an image. 1~geSju
Click the Image menu, and then click Image Size. Select the Resample Image check box. Click the Resample Image list arrow, and then select an option: •
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You can modify the size and resolution of a document after opening. However, be aware that changing the size and/or the resolution of an image forces Photoshop to add or subtract pixels from the image in a process called resampling. For example, when you change the resolution of an image from 72 ppi (pixels per inch) to 144 ppi, Photoshop must add more pixels. Conversely, if you reduce the resolution, Photoshop must remove pixels. The image resampling method determines how Photoshop completes this re-imaging process. For most uses, you can use the default Automatic (New!) setting and let Photoshop do the hard work or you can select a Fit To preset option (New!) or a specified option best for enlarging (New!) or reducing an image. You can also change the canvas size behind the image. If you increase the canvas size, Photoshop adds background space around it, either transparent or color. If you decrease the canvas size, Photoshop crops the image.
Automatic. Default, best for most purposes (high quality).
•
Preserve Details. Best for enlarging an image (keep details and reduce noise) (New!).
•
Bicubic Smoother. Best for enlarging an image.
•
Bicubic Sharper. Best for reducing an image (high quality).
•
Bicubic. Best for smooth gradients.
•
Nearest Neighbor. Best for quick results (Iow quality).
•
Bilinear. Best for line art.
Select the Fit To list arrow (New!), and then select a size option, or manually enter the desired sizes in the image size boxes. • To keep image proportions, click the Constrain icon to highlight. Click OK. Chapter 1
Image Size: Dimensions:
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For Your Information Using a Large Canvas Size Photoshop supports documents up to 300,000pixels in either dimension, with up to 56 channels per file. Photoshop offers three file formats for saving documents greater than 2 GB: PSB, Photoshop RAW, and TIFF.It's important to note that most programs, including older versions of Photoshop (before the CSversion), only support a maximum file size of 2 GB.
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Click the Image menu, and then click Image Size.
Imilge Size: 2.00M Dimensions:
Select the Resample Image check box to add or subtract pixels (image data) or clear it to maintain the current image data .
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Change the Canvas Size
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Open an image.
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Enter the new canvas size in the Width and Height boxes, or select the Relative check box, and then enter the amount you want to add to (a positive number) or subtract from (a negative number) the image's current canvas size. Select an Anchor square where you want to position the existing image on the new canvas.
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Click the Canvas Extension Color menu, and then select the fill color source for the new canvas. TROUBLE? If the image doesn't contain a background layer, the Canvas Extension Color menu is grayed out. Click OK. Chapter 1
Getting Started with Photoshop CC
23
Checking for Updates Online
As time passes, Photoshop-like any other program-will change. There are two types of changes to a program: updates and patches. Updates are improvements to a program such as a new feature, option, or command. Patches are software fixes for problems discovered after the public release of the program. The good news is that both updates and patches are free, and once downloaded, are self-installing. Adobe gives you two ways to check for changes. You can check manually by going to the Adobe web site, or automatically through the Adobe Application Manager by using the Updates command on the Help menu. When you access a related program, such as Adobe Bridge or Mini Bridge, on the File menu that is not installed, the Adobe Application Manager (New!) opens, where you can install or update Adobe programs. The Adobe Application Manager Preferences dialog box allows you to set update options for Photoshop and other installed Adobe products, such as Bridge. You can choose to be notified of new updates on the menu bar and you can also choose to allow Adobe to verify the success or failure of an update by sending a failure status to you.
Check for Updates Directly from the Internet
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Open your Internet browser.
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Checking on your own requires a computer with a connection to the Internet. Since some of the updates can be rather large, it's recommended you have high-speed access.
24
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www.adobe.com/downloads/ updates/
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When you're done, click the Close button.
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You can sign in or sign out to Creative Cloud with your Adobe 10. You can sign in to your Creative Cloud (New ) with your Adobe ID to access online services for use with Photoshop. If you don't have an account, you can create one. Click the Help menu, click Sign In, Sign In Now in the Creative Cloud dialog box, enter your Adobe ID and password, click Sign In, and then click Continue. To sign out, click the Help menu, click Sign Out (user account a-mail], and then click Sign out. Signing out allows you to activate your Adobe products on another device. You can complete or update your Adobe 10 profile. An Adobe ID allows you to access Adobe online services. To complete or update your Adobe ID profiles, click the Help menu, click Complete/Update Adobe ID Profile, and then follow the online instructions.
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Getting Started with Photoshop CC
25
Getting Help While You Work
Get Help Information •
Click the Help menu, and then click Photoshop Online Help.
TIMESAVER ~+/{Mac).
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Press F1 (Win) or
Your default web browser opens, displaying on line help and tutorials for Photoshop.
At some time, everyone has a question or two about using a program. When you start Photoshop Online Help, your default web browser window opens, displaying online Community Help categories and topics for Photoshop. Along with help text, some help topics include links to text and video tutorials. You can start a help search from within Photoshop Online Help. When you perform a search using keywords or phrases, a list of possible answers is shown from the search location with the most likely responses at the top. You can search product help from Adobe.com, Support, or Community Help by using keywords or phrases or browsing through a list of categories and topics to locate specific information. Adobe.com accesses related help information on Adobe.com, Support accesses Adobe support related help information, while Community Help accesses product help online. In addition to help content, comments and ratings from users are available to help guide you to an answer. You can add feedback and suggestions by signing in to Adobe.com using an Adobe ID.
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Read the topic, and if you want, click any links to get information on related topics or definitions.
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26
Chapter 1
••••••••••
Search for Help Information
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click the Help menu, and then click Photoshop Online Help to open Help and use the Search box.
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To search another Adobe product, click the Select Product list arrow, and then select a product. Type one or more keywords in the Search box, and then press Enter (Win) or Return (Mac). To change the search, select any of the following options, and then re-enter the search keywords:
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• Adobe.com. Click to display results from Adobe.com.
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Support. Click to display results from Adobe.com.
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Community Help. Click to display results from Community Help for the Adobe program.
Click the link to the topic you want from the search list of results. Read the topic, and if you want, click any links to get information on related topics or definitions. •
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For Your Information Participating in Adobe Product Improvement You can participate in the Adobe Product Improvement Program.Click the Help menu, click Adobe Product Improvement Program,and then follow the on-screen instructions. This is an opt-in programthat allows you to test Adobe products and make suggestions for future products. This program enables Adobe to collect product usage data from customers while maintaining their privacy.
Navigate Topics. Click a navigation link at the top of the page. Click Photoshop to go back to the help home page.
When you're done, click the Close button to exit your web browser.
Chapter 1
Getting Started with Photoshop CC
27
Saving a Document
When you finish working on your Photoshop document, you need to save it before you close the document or exit Photoshop. You can save the document in the default Photoshop file format (PSD) or another image format, such as JPEG (New!), GIF,or PNG. Each output device, whether monitor or paper-based, requires a specific format, and it's best to know this information at the beginning. The Save command saves the current state of the document with the current name and file format, while the Save As command saves the current document state with a different name, location, or file format as a new version. If you need to keep track of different versions of the same file, you could also use Layer Comps or Adobe Drive. To make saving easier, you can set Save options in File Handling Preferences to automatically save the file based on a time interval or save the file in the background, which allows you to keep working while Photoshop saves behind the scenes. While Photoshop saves, progress information appears in the Document tab and Status bar. If Photoshop crashes unexpectedly, the program automatically tries to recover and open your file.
Save a Document
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28
Click the File menu, and then click Save (for an unsaved new document) or Save As to create a new document. Enter a name for the file in the File Name (Win) or Save As (Mac) box. Click the Format list arrow, and then select a format. Click the Sa~e In (Win) or Where (Mac) list arrow, and then choose where to store the image. Select from the available Save options: •
As A Copy. Saves a copy of the file while keeping the current file on your desktop.
•
Alpha Channels. Saves or removes alpha channel information for the image.
•
Layers. Maintains all layers in the image. If this option is cleared or unavailable, all visible layers are flattened or merged (depending on the selected format).
Chapter 1
Save As
Save As:
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Click Save. If prompted, select the Maximize Compatibility check box, and then click OK to maximize the compatibility of the file save. •
To not show the dialog box in the future, select the Don't show again check box.
See Also See "Modifying File Handling Preferences" on page 60 for information on the save preferences. See "Understanding File Formats" on page 427 for information on the different file formats.
For Your Information Maximizing
Compatibility
When Saving
When you save a Photoshop PSDor PSBfile, you can set an option to maximize compatibility for use in other programs. Click the Edit (Win) or Photoshop (Mac) menu, point to Preferences, click File Handling, click the Maximize PSD and PSB File Compatibility list arrow, and then select Always or Ask. This saves a composite (flattened) image along with the layers of the document, which also increases the file size. If you select Ask, a dialog box appears when you save a PSDor PSB file, prompting you for options (which includes a Don't show again check box). If you only work with files in Photoshop or file size is not an issue, you can select Never to not use the option.
Chapter 1
Getting Started with Photoshop CC
29
Using the Status Bar
To work efficiently in Photoshop you need information about the active document. Details about the document's size, resolution, color mode, and current size all help in the design and preparation of the final image. Photoshop displays current information about the active document through the Status Bar, located at the bottom of the document window. From the Status Bar, you can also change the view size percentage, sync Photoshop settings from Adobe Creative Cloud (New!), and access Behance (New!), an artwork promotion and sharing site.
Use the Status Bar
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Click the black triangle near the Status bar info box, and then select from the following options:
• Adobe Drive. Indicates whether file management is enabled.
•
Document Sizes. Displays the flattened file size (left), and the open file size (right).
•
Document Profile. Displays the assigned color profile information.
• • •
Document Dimensions. Displays the width and height of the image.
Document Profile Document Dimensions Measurement Scale
Measurement Scale. Shows the scale of the document.
Scratch Sizes Efficiency
Scratch Sizes. Displays the scratch disk space required (left) and available (right).
Timing Current Tool
•
Efficiency. Displays a percentage efficiency based on available RAM and scratch disk space.
•
Timing. Hecords the time required to perform the last command.
•
Adobe Drive
../ Document Sizes
32-bit Exposure Save Progress
Sync status information
Current Tool. Displays the current tool name.
• 32-bit Exposure. Lets you control the overall image exposure.
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30
Save Progress. Shows you a progress bar with percent saved. Sync Setting Now button
To change the view size, select it, and then type a percentage. To sync settings from your Creative Cloud account, click the Sync Settings button (New!), and then click the Sync Settings Now button. To share on the Behance web site, click the Behance button (New!). Chapter 1
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Click the Info box to display width, height, channels, and resolution