CHATHAM WATERS
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
CHATHAM WATERS HOO PENINSULA
Site
Chatham & Gillingham, Medway, Kent
Regeneration
Chatham Docks Gillingham waterfront
Site ownerships
Peel Land & Property Bekerley Group
Development Brief
Mixed use development Residential development
Context The site is 3.5kms from the centre of Chatham, and is part of the modern docks of the town, which had been built around 1860. Entirely closed to the public, the docks are ideally located, between the river Medway and the green hills of Gillingham, and therefore benefit from enjoyable open views on the valley and its marshes. Rich in biodiversity, the Hoo creek,
CHATHAM CENTRE
GILLINGHAM
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SLOPE ANALYSIS : The eastern part of the site is surrounded by steep slopes.
nearby the site, is a site of special scientific interest, and is an important stop for the migratory birds. The actual brownfield, completely covered by waterproof surfaces, has great opportunities in terms of creating new ecosystems.
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BULLNOSE : Gate of the modern docks.
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
HYDROLOGY
ECOLOGY
GREEN SPACES
NOISE
River Medway Low vegetation
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Marshland
Buildings Roads Parkings
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Industrial use
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High vegetation
DEVELOPERS PROPOSAL : high cityscape, fracture with the urban context.
PROGRAMME
Development Brief
Mixed use development Residential development
Initial Masterplans
5plus architects PCKO architects
Surface
24 hectares
Estimated Cost Plan
£400 000 000
Developer’s proposal The site is divided in two different developments, which are hardly connected. The Green Spine is the core of 5plus architects design and is the only element which slightly deals with water collection and ecology. However, this main green space is directly attached to the A289 highway, a
CIRCULATIONS
busy bypass road which causes nuisances. A large part of the open space of both projects are dedicated to car traffic and parkings. The lack of structure of the public realm and green spaces avoids any feeling of cohesion and identity. The high cityscape proposed by the designers doesn’t respond to the landscape, but generates standard and out of context spaces.
HABITATS
HYDROLOGY
DEVELOPERS PROPOSAL : high cityscape, fracture with the urban context.
DEVELOPERS PROPOSAL : Green Spine and car traffic.
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
HYDROLOGY
ECOLOGY
GREEN SPACES
NOISE River Medway Low vegetation REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF
Marshland
Buildings Roads Parkings
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Water
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High vegetation
Development Brief
Mixed use development Residential development
Surface
34 hectares
Estimated Cost Plan
£310 000 000
VERIFIED PHOTOMONTAGE : Proposed mitigation : low cityscape, continuity of Gillingham urban framework.
PROGRAMME
Mitigation Masterplan The new masterplan gives its marshes back to the site. Indeed, the eastern part was previously CIRCULATIONS
a large wetland composed of salt marshes and mudflats. In the 1950’s, this part had been filled to create new industrial estates. The design is based on a new framework of marshlands, swales and ponds, to provide sustainability, quality and identity. This system is also the cornerstone of the pedestrian paths and the buildings patterns. Views are focused on the Bullnose’s gate, a
HABITATS
former «industrial island» which is the symbol of the maritime past of the site. The new district provides new ecosystems, as extensive grass, wetland, woodland, and becomes entirely part of the Medway landscape.
HYDROLOGY
CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM : Connecting the habitats, opening the views.
1924, GASHOLDERS OF GILLINGHAM : Abstract edge between land and mudflat
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
HYDROLOGY
ECOLOGY
GREEN SPACES
NOISE
River Medway Low vegetation
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Marshland
Buildings Roads Parkings
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Water
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Woodland
POROUS SURFACES
NON POROUS SURFACES
Developers proposals Mitigation
27% 10%
Developers proposals Mitigation
SWALES
73% 90%
HYDROLOGY Covered of concrete due to its former activity, the site is today totally non porous. The framework of the SUDS system has been designed after a flow direction and accumulation analysis which has revealed that a large part of the site was subject to rainwater accumulation. Different typologies of urban drainage organise and give a hierarchy to the public realm : dry and narrow swales, small canals, large filtration ponds... The identity of the new district is based on the access to the water, in any forms.
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
WETLAND
63%
WOODLAND and of the open space
HIGH VEGETATION FRAMEWORK
19%
EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOFS
HABITATS
33 300m²
Where the flow accumulation is at its higher rate, a marshland is designed. Partially open to the public, this large wetland provides habitats for the migratory birds, reduces flood risk, but also offers a high quality landscape with educational purpose. The former fortifications of Chatham are now covered by large groves. Woodland habitats are extended through the site in a way to create corridors and increase biodiversity. Lined trees highlight the structure of the public realm, as well as the views.
COMMUNITY GARDENS and URBAN MEADOWS
Percentage of green spaces
PRIVATE GARDENS
18%
Developers proposals Mitigation
6% 42%
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
Buildings as noise barriers
NOISE MITIGATION
New road
NOISE
Earth mounds Redesigned existing road
The nuisances caused by the dense traffic on the A289 are reduced by the construction of buildings along the road, which will house offices and commercial premises. The new local road along the pier provides new access and serves the residential areas and the underground parkings. Some earthworks are designed in a way to avoid noise intrusion while providing a dynamic park. New public transportations are proposed to the inhabitants and the visitors : a free bus between Chatham centre and Gillingham and a water bus along the coast aim to reduce the use of cars. The A289 is redesigned to become a commercial street : large pavements, planted buffer zone and change of materials at the crossings provide more security and quality to the space.
Existing police station
Earth mounds Woodland park Noise barrier
Commercial premises and offices
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Pavement and cycle lane 5m
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
Density Developers proposals Mitigation
73 dph 1970 dwellings / 58 dph 1750 dwellings /
NEW MALL and COMMERCIAL STREET
RESIDENTIAL AREAS
offer large premises for a superstore and offices. It generates employment and attractivity to the developed area. Smal-
are organised in small districts that share convenience stores,
ler local shops and bars on the ground floor punctuate the paths.
playgrounds, community gardens and orchards.
COMMUNITY
NEW WATERFRONT provides better access to the water, urban square with cafes and restaurants, and a conference centre.
Instead of the high density proposed by the developers, the new masterplan focus on lower and smaller ÂŤliving unitsÂť in a way to encourage gathering and sense of community, which would give more quality and identity to the district. Community gardens and small squares facilitate neighbourhood based living.
Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design
IPN profile 100mm 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer 200 mm compacted thickness DOT type 1 sub-base
4.90
4.90 30 mm thick corten steel
trash screen
pipe to pump chamber
grey sandstone sawn and sandblasted 1200x1200x25mm 0.26
15mm mortar
150 x 150 x 400 concrete pillar
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reinforced-concrete pool structure
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gard-rail sealed corten steel panel from 900x200x30 to 1100x200x30mm
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600 x 300 x 250 mm grey sandstone flush edging, sawn finish 400 x 350 mm C12/15 concrete foundation and haunching
REFLECTIVITY
geotextile filter membrane
One of the main aims of Chatham Waters mitigation masterplan is to offer better access to the waterfront to the new inhabitants and to the neighbours. In front of the Bullnose, the former gate of the docks, this new water feature provides a large paddling pool that collects rainwater and reuse it to supply a network of water jets. A wide footbridge in corten steel gives access to the Bullnose, where the former industrial buildings are transformed in bars and restaurants.
INDUSTRIAL PAST
SECTION ON OVERFLOW - REUSE OF THE WATER - 1/20 e
SECTION ON THE CORTEN STEEL FOOTBRIDGE - 1/20 e
water-jet
WATER COLLECTION & REUSE
4.90 4.40 0.15
600 x 300 x 25 mm grey sandstone, rock-faced
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200 mm compacted thickness DOT type 1 sub-base
grey sandstone riven slab 1200x1200x25mm 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer
Project Title
Chatham Waters Facility
Landscape Architecture
geotextile filter membrane
Drawing Title
Waterwork Details
water pipe
Scale
LEISURE
@ A1 Date
Lørenskog square , Norway
SECTION ON WATER JET - TWO DIFFERENT STONE FINISHES TO ACCENTUATE THE LINE OF JETS- 1/10 e
Miroir d’eau, Bordeaux, France
13/05/2013
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PADDLING POOL
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KEY Grey sandstone sawn and sandblasted slabs, 1200x1200x25mm, laid on 15mm mortar, on 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer, on 200mm compacted depth of DOT Type 1 sub-base
Grey sandstone rock faced slab, 600x300x25mm, laid on 15mm mortar, on 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer, on 200mm compacted depth of DOT Type 1 sub-base
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Grey sandstone blocks, 600 x 300 x 250 mm, haunched within C35 concrete, flush edging, sawn finish
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Corten steel slabs, three different sizes : 30x200x900mm, 30x200x1000mm, 30x200x1100mm sealed within C35 concrete, 150mm between each slab
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Overflow, reinforced concrete structure, cover with trash screen in steel (see details on sheet 2)
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Corten steel footbridge, 30mm thick (see details on sheet 2)
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HERITAGE
Water jets
Proposed specimen tree
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Perennials planted areas 5
Proposed specimen herbaceous
Rainwater drainage system +4.90
Project Title
Chatham Waters Facility
Landscape Architecture Drawing Title
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Waterwork Details - Plan Scale
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IPN profile 100mm 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer 200 mm compacted thickness DOT type 1 sub-base
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4.90 30 mm thick corten steel gard-rail sealed corten steel panel from 900x200x30 to 1100x200x30mm
150 x 150 x 400 concrete pillar
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600 x 300 x 250 mm grey sandstone flush edging, sawn finish
grey sandstone sawn and sandblasted 1200x1200x25mm 0.26
reinforced-concrete pool structure 400 x 350 mm C12/15 concrete foundation and haunching
trash screen
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water-jet
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grey sandstone riven slab 1200x1200x25mm 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer
Project Title
Chatham Waters Facility
geotextile filter membrane water pipe
Landscape Architecture Drawing Title
Waterwork Details
Scale
@ A1 Date
13/05/2013
SECTION ON WATER JET - TWO DIFFERENT STONE FINISHES TO ACCENTUATE THE LINE OF JETS- 1/10 e
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pipe to pump chamber
PIER GARDEN
HERITAGE
This linear garden links the three basins of the modern docks to the Strand, an open air leisure centre of Gillingham. A line of grass underline the pier and offers space for picnics and outdoor activities. The former industrial railway is transformed in a pedestrian and cycle pathway. A planted dry swale separates the pedestrian area from the new local road. In some specific spots where the views on the docks and on the Bull nose are appreciable, decks in precast concrete slabs provide space for social gathering. The use of industrial and local materials, as concrete, red clay bricks and corten steel, respects the history of the site.
LINEARITY Project Title
Chatham Waters
4.80 4.60
Facility
Landscape Architecture Drawing Title
Hardwork // materiality Scale
@ A1 Date
13/05/2013 Grasses between PEDESTRIAN PATH, OLD RAILTRACK - 1/20 e paving
Stack bond brickwork
Existing railway used as pathways REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF
Jardin SECTION fluvial, Le Havre, ONFrance THE
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KEY pedestrian area Proposed brickwork, Clay brick 60x65x200mm arranged in stack bond, laid on 50mm mortar on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 10mm joints between bricks, filled with mortar Precast concrete slabs, 135x3000x1000mm laid on 50mm sharp sand on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 20mm open joints between slabs, filled with sand Precast concrete slabs, 135x500x1000mm laid on 50mm sharp sand on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 20mm open joints between slabs filled with sand
Historic travelling crane 1
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Precast concrete blocks, 500x120x1000mm laid on 50mm sharp sand on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 10mm open joints between blocks, filled with mortar, flush edging Breedon golden amber self binding gravel, 50mm depth laid on 150mm Type 1 sub-base, laid on a weed suppressant membrane Existing rails
Corten steel slabs, 20x300x2000mm, haunched within C35 concrete Areas of sowed grass
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shared space area
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Precast concrete slabs 135x3000x1000mm laid on 50mm mortar on 250mm road base layer, on 300mm sub-base layer, 10mm joints between slabs, filled with mortar Precast concrete slabs 135x500x1000mm laid on 50mm mortar on 250mm road base layer on 300mm sub-base layer, 10mm joints between slabs filled with mortar
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50mm Asphalt on 135mm asphalt base course, on 250mm road base layer on 300mm sub-base layer
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50 mm in situ Pav1 concrete, on 150mm mortar, on 200mm sub-base layer, brush finish
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Rainwater drainage system
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Project Title
Chatham Waters Facility
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Hardwork Details - Plan Scale
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STORMWATER WETLAND
HABITATS
SUMMER
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SEASONS
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Phragmites australis set in basket to avoid spreading
WINTER As the core of the SUDS system, the stormwater wetland provides widely planted areas, showing the diversity of the native species 0.85
(80% are local species that we can find in the natural marshy areas of the Medway valley). During Spring and Summer, the bedflowers form sinuous lines of bright colours that guide the eyes to the new marshland. During Autumn and Winter, the evergreen
basket geotextile filter membrane
foliage species of herbaceous helps to keep the structure and the atmospheres of the planting design.
rocks to slow down erosion
SECTION ON PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS PLANTING - 1/10e
SECTION ON THE CORTEN STEEL FOOTBRIDGE - 1/20 e
Project Title
Chatham Waters Facility
IRREGULAR
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REGULAR
Drawing Title
Waterwork Details Scale
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13/05/2013
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Planted randomly 278 Equisetum fluviatile 140 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 79 Equisetum fluviatile 44 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)
13 Phalaris arundinacea
9 Miscanthus sinensis
86 Miscanthus sinensis
Planted randomly 41 Iris pseudacorus 12 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 200 Equisetum fluviatile 88 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 273 Equisetum fluviatile 79 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups) 12 Lysimachia vulgaris
Planted randomly 63 Lythrum salicaria 28 Eriophorum angustifolium (in groups of 7) 11 Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' ( singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 200 Equisetum fluviatile 84 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 26 Iris pseudacorus 4 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
37 Miscanthus sinensis 17 Carex riparia (planted randomly, singularly)
Prunus avium
58 Phragmites australis
Planted randomly 26 Iris pseudacorus 5 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
12 Phalaris arundinacea Planted randomly 63 Lythrum salicaria 28 Eriophorum angustifolium (in groups of 7) 11 Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' ( singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 42 Iris pseudacorus 15 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
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Planted randomly 16 Lysimachia vulgaris
Planted randomly 29 Lysimachia vulgaris 19 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 38 Iris pseudacorus 10 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
65 Phragmites australis
Planted randomly 18 Lysimachia vulgaris 9 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups) 12 Lysimachia vulgaris
Planted randomly 104 Iris pseudacorus 11 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
Ulex europaeus
Planted randomly 83 Iris pseudacorus 18 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
Prunus spinosa
Planted randomly 282 Lythrum salicaria 180 Eriophorum angustifolium (in groups of 7)
Ulex europaeus
76 Phalaris arundinacea 82 Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' ( singularly, not in groups)
Atriplex portucaloides
74 Miscanthus sinensis
Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' Swale mix Planted randomly 5% Phalaris arundinacea 15% Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' 35% Lythrum salicaria 45 Eriophorum angustifolium
Ulex europaeus 126 Phragmites australis Prunus spinosa Atriplex portucaloides
Proposed trees Proposed specimen shrubs
Proposed beds of herbaceous
Areas of grass
PERENNIALS
UNITS
SPECIES
2 No.
Prunus avium
GIRTH
2 No.
Prunus spinosa
2 No.
Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer'
12-14 cm
HEIGHT
SPECIFICATION
125-150 cm
WHIP : 3 breaks, 2x transplanted, bare root
UNITS
SPECIES
POT SIZE
DENSITY
SPECIFICATION
104 No.
Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert'
2L
4/m²
full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown
444 No.
Iris pseudacorus
2L
5/m²
full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown
60-80cm
bare root, branched 3
87 No.
Lysimachia vulgaris
2L
4/m²
full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown
175-200 cm
FEATHERED TREE: 5branches; 2X, B, Clear Stem
408 No.
Lythrum salicaria
2L
5/m²
full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown
TOTAL : 6
TOTAL : 1043
SHRUBS
HERBACEOUS
UNITS
SPECIES
POT SIZE
HEIGHT
SPECIFICATION
3 No.
Atriplex portulacoides
3L
30-40 cm
bushy, 3 breaks
6 No.
Ulex europaeus
3L
30-40 cm
bushy, 5 breaks
TOTAL : 9
Project Title
SPECIES
POT SIZE
DENSITY
SPECIFICATION
129 No.
Carex riparia
2L
8/m²
full pot, fully rooted pot system
1030 No.
Equisetum fluviatile
9cm
5/m²
full pot, fully rooted pot system
236 No.
Eriophorum angustifolium
9cm
counted
full pot, fully rooted pot system
435 No.
Hippuris vulgaris
9cm
2/m²
full pot, fully rooted pot system
206 No.
Miscanthus sinensis
5L
3/m²
full pot, fully rooted pot system, min.8 canes
101No.
Phalaris arundinacea
4L
6/m²
full pot, fully rooted pot system
249 No.
Phragmites australis
5L
4/m²
full pot, fully rooted pot system, min.8 canes
TOTAL : 2386
Chatham Waters Facility
REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF
Landscape Architecture Drawing Title
0
10 20
50
100
150
20m
1:2000
Waterwork Details - Plan Scale
REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTOD
UNITS
IT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF
KEY
TREES
1/200e @ A1 0
1
2
5
10
15
20m
0
10
20
50
100m
0
1
2
5
10m
0
10
20
50m
1:200
1:1000
1:100
1:500
Date
13/05/2013
REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF
Planted randomly 26 Iris pseudacorus 9 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)
Planted randomly 58 Iris pseudacorus 10 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)