Master Final Project - Caroline Druon - Chatham Docks, Kent, UK

CHATHAM WATERS

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

CHATHAM WATERS HOO PENINSULA

Site

Chatham & Gillingham, Medway, Kent

Regeneration

Chatham Docks Gillingham waterfront

Site ownerships

Peel Land & Property Bekerley Group

Development Brief

Mixed use development Residential development

Context The site is 3.5kms from the centre of Chatham, and is part of the modern docks of the town, which had been built around 1860. Entirely closed to the public, the docks are ideally located, between the river Medway and the green hills of Gillingham, and therefore benefit from enjoyable open views on the valley and its marshes. Rich in biodiversity, the Hoo creek,

CHATHAM CENTRE

GILLINGHAM

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ROCHESTER

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SLOPE ANALYSIS : The eastern part of the site is surrounded by steep slopes.

nearby the site, is a site of special scientific interest, and is an important stop for the migratory birds. The actual brownfield, completely covered by waterproof surfaces, has great opportunities in terms of creating new ecosystems.

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BULLNOSE : Gate of the modern docks.

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

HYDROLOGY

ECOLOGY

GREEN SPACES

NOISE

River Medway Low vegetation

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Marshland

Buildings Roads Parkings

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Industrial use

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High vegetation

DEVELOPERS PROPOSAL : high cityscape, fracture with the urban context.

PROGRAMME

Development Brief

Mixed use development Residential development

Initial Masterplans

5plus architects PCKO architects

Surface

24 hectares

Estimated Cost Plan

£400 000 000

Developer’s proposal The site is divided in two different developments, which are hardly connected. The Green Spine is the core of 5plus architects design and is the only element which slightly deals with water collection and ecology. However, this main green space is directly attached to the A289 highway, a

CIRCULATIONS

busy bypass road which causes nuisances. A large part of the open space of both projects are dedicated to car traffic and parkings. The lack of structure of the public realm and green spaces avoids any feeling of cohesion and identity. The high cityscape proposed by the designers doesn’t respond to the landscape, but generates standard and out of context spaces.

HABITATS

HYDROLOGY

DEVELOPERS PROPOSAL : high cityscape, fracture with the urban context.

DEVELOPERS PROPOSAL : Green Spine and car traffic.

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

HYDROLOGY

ECOLOGY

GREEN SPACES

NOISE River Medway Low vegetation REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF

Marshland

Buildings Roads Parkings

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Water

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High vegetation

Development Brief

Mixed use development Residential development

Surface

34 hectares

Estimated Cost Plan

£310 000 000

VERIFIED PHOTOMONTAGE : Proposed mitigation : low cityscape, continuity of Gillingham urban framework.

PROGRAMME

Mitigation Masterplan The new masterplan gives its marshes back to the site. Indeed, the eastern part was previously CIRCULATIONS

a large wetland composed of salt marshes and mudflats. In the 1950’s, this part had been filled to create new industrial estates. The design is based on a new framework of marshlands, swales and ponds, to provide sustainability, quality and identity. This system is also the cornerstone of the pedestrian paths and the buildings patterns. Views are focused on the Bullnose’s gate, a

HABITATS

former «industrial island» which is the symbol of the maritime past of the site. The new district provides new ecosystems, as extensive grass, wetland, woodland, and becomes entirely part of the Medway landscape.

HYDROLOGY

CONCEPTUAL DIAGRAM : Connecting the habitats, opening the views.

1924, GASHOLDERS OF GILLINGHAM : Abstract edge between land and mudflat

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

HYDROLOGY

ECOLOGY

GREEN SPACES

NOISE

River Medway Low vegetation

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Marshland

Buildings Roads Parkings

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Water

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Woodland

POROUS SURFACES

NON POROUS SURFACES

Developers proposals Mitigation

27% 10%

Developers proposals Mitigation

SWALES

73% 90%

HYDROLOGY Covered of concrete due to its former activity, the site is today totally non porous. The framework of the SUDS system has been designed after a flow direction and accumulation analysis which has revealed that a large part of the site was subject to rainwater accumulation. Different typologies of urban drainage organise and give a hierarchy to the public realm : dry and narrow swales, small canals, large filtration ponds...

The identity of the new district is based on the access to the water, in any forms.

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

WETLAND

63%

WOODLAND and of the open space

HIGH VEGETATION FRAMEWORK

19%

EXTENSIVE GREEN ROOFS

HABITATS

33 300m²

Where the flow accumulation is at its higher rate, a marshland is designed. Partially open to the public, this large wetland provides habitats for the migratory birds, reduces flood risk, but also offers a high quality landscape with educational purpose. The former fortifications of Chatham are now covered by large groves. Woodland habitats are extended through the site in a way to create corridors and increase biodiversity.

Lined trees highlight the structure of the public realm, as well as the views.

COMMUNITY GARDENS and URBAN MEADOWS

Percentage of green spaces

PRIVATE GARDENS

18%

Developers proposals Mitigation

6% 42%

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

Buildings as noise barriers

NOISE MITIGATION

New road

NOISE

Earth mounds Redesigned existing road

The nuisances caused by the dense traffic on the A289 are reduced by the construction of buildings along the road, which will house offices and commercial premises.

The new local road along the pier provides new access and serves the residential areas and the underground parkings. Some earthworks are designed in a way to avoid noise intrusion while providing a dynamic park.

New public transportations are proposed to the inhabitants and the visitors : a free bus between Chatham centre and Gillingham and a water bus along the coast aim to reduce the use of cars.

The A289 is redesigned to become a commercial street : large pavements, planted buffer zone and change of materials at the crossings provide more security and quality to the space.

Existing police station

Earth mounds Woodland park Noise barrier

Commercial premises and offices

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Planted buffer 9m

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To Residential area and Waterfront

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Pavement and cycle lane 5m

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

Density Developers proposals Mitigation

73 dph 1970 dwellings / 58 dph 1750 dwellings /

NEW MALL and COMMERCIAL STREET

RESIDENTIAL AREAS

offer large premises for a superstore and offices. It generates employment and attractivity to the developed area. Smal-

are organised in small districts that share convenience stores,

ler local shops and bars on the ground floor punctuate the paths.

playgrounds, community gardens and orchards.

COMMUNITY

NEW WATERFRONT provides better access to the water, urban square with cafes and restaurants, and a conference centre.

Instead of the high density proposed by the developers, the new masterplan focus on lower and smaller ÂŤliving unitsÂť in a way to encourage gathering and sense of community, which would give more quality and identity to the district. Community gardens and small squares facilitate neighbourhood based living.

Caroline DRUON // ma landscape architecture // university of Greenwich 2013 // landscape assessment and design

IPN profile 100mm 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer 200 mm compacted thickness DOT type 1 sub-base

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4.90 30 mm thick corten steel

trash screen

pipe to pump chamber

grey sandstone sawn and sandblasted 1200x1200x25mm 0.26

15mm mortar

150 x 150 x 400 concrete pillar

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reinforced-concrete pool structure

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gard-rail sealed corten steel panel from 900x200x30 to 1100x200x30mm

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600 x 300 x 250 mm grey sandstone flush edging, sawn finish 400 x 350 mm C12/15 concrete foundation and haunching

REFLECTIVITY

geotextile filter membrane

One of the main aims of Chatham Waters mitigation masterplan is to offer better access to the waterfront to the new inhabitants and to the neighbours. In front of the Bullnose, the former gate of the docks, this new water feature provides a large paddling pool that collects rainwater and reuse it to supply a network of water jets. A wide footbridge in corten steel gives access to the Bullnose, where the former industrial buildings are transformed in bars and restaurants.

INDUSTRIAL PAST

SECTION ON OVERFLOW - REUSE OF THE WATER - 1/20 e

SECTION ON THE CORTEN STEEL FOOTBRIDGE - 1/20 e

water-jet

WATER COLLECTION & REUSE

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600 x 300 x 25 mm grey sandstone, rock-faced

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200 mm compacted thickness DOT type 1 sub-base

grey sandstone riven slab 1200x1200x25mm 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer

Project Title

Chatham Waters Facility

Landscape Architecture

geotextile filter membrane

Drawing Title

Waterwork Details

water pipe

Scale

LEISURE

@ A1 Date

Lørenskog square , Norway

SECTION ON WATER JET - TWO DIFFERENT STONE FINISHES TO ACCENTUATE THE LINE OF JETS- 1/10 e

Miroir d’eau, Bordeaux, France

13/05/2013

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PADDLING POOL

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KEY Grey sandstone sawn and sandblasted slabs, 1200x1200x25mm, laid on 15mm mortar, on 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer, on 200mm compacted depth of DOT Type 1 sub-base

Grey sandstone rock faced slab, 600x300x25mm, laid on 15mm mortar, on 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer, on 200mm compacted depth of DOT Type 1 sub-base

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Grey sandstone blocks, 600 x 300 x 250 mm, haunched within C35 concrete, flush edging, sawn finish

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Corten steel slabs, 20x300x2000mm, haunched within C35 concrete

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Corten steel slabs, three different sizes : 30x200x900mm, 30x200x1000mm, 30x200x1100mm sealed within C35 concrete, 150mm between each slab

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Overflow, reinforced concrete structure, cover with trash screen in steel (see details on sheet 2)

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Corten steel footbridge, 30mm thick (see details on sheet 2)

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HERITAGE

Water jets

Proposed specimen tree

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Perennials planted areas 5

Proposed specimen herbaceous

Rainwater drainage system +4.90

Project Title

Chatham Waters Facility

Landscape Architecture Drawing Title

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Waterwork Details - Plan Scale

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IPN profile 100mm 150mm compacted thickness stone-dust bedding layer 200 mm compacted thickness DOT type 1 sub-base

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4.90 30 mm thick corten steel gard-rail sealed corten steel panel from 900x200x30 to 1100x200x30mm

150 x 150 x 400 concrete pillar

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600 x 300 x 250 mm grey sandstone flush edging, sawn finish

grey sandstone sawn and sandblasted 1200x1200x25mm 0.26

reinforced-concrete pool structure 400 x 350 mm C12/15 concrete foundation and haunching

trash screen

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water-jet

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Project Title

Chatham Waters Facility

geotextile filter membrane water pipe

Landscape Architecture Drawing Title

Waterwork Details

Scale

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13/05/2013

SECTION ON WATER JET - TWO DIFFERENT STONE FINISHES TO ACCENTUATE THE LINE OF JETS- 1/10 e

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SECTION ON OVERFLOW - REUSE OF THE WATER - 1/20 e

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pipe to pump chamber

PIER GARDEN

HERITAGE

This linear garden links the three basins of the modern docks to the Strand, an open air leisure centre of Gillingham. A line of grass underline the pier and offers space for picnics and outdoor activities. The former industrial railway is transformed in a pedestrian and cycle pathway. A planted dry swale separates the pedestrian area from the new local road. In some specific spots where the views on the docks and on the Bull nose are appreciable, decks in precast concrete slabs provide space for social gathering. The use of industrial and local materials, as concrete, red clay bricks and corten steel, respects the history of the site.

LINEARITY Project Title

Chatham Waters

4.80 4.60

Facility

Landscape Architecture Drawing Title

Hardwork // materiality Scale

@ A1 Date

13/05/2013 Grasses between PEDESTRIAN PATH, OLD RAILTRACK - 1/20 e paving

Stack bond brickwork

Existing railway used as pathways REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF

Jardin SECTION fluvial, Le Havre, ONFrance THE

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KEY pedestrian area Proposed brickwork, Clay brick 60x65x200mm arranged in stack bond, laid on 50mm mortar on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 10mm joints between bricks, filled with mortar Precast concrete slabs, 135x3000x1000mm laid on 50mm sharp sand on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 20mm open joints between slabs, filled with sand Precast concrete slabs, 135x500x1000mm laid on 50mm sharp sand on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 20mm open joints between slabs filled with sand

Historic travelling crane 1

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Precast concrete blocks, 500x120x1000mm laid on 50mm sharp sand on 250mm DOT Type II sub-base, 10mm open joints between blocks, filled with mortar, flush edging Breedon golden amber self binding gravel, 50mm depth laid on 150mm Type 1 sub-base, laid on a weed suppressant membrane Existing rails

Corten steel slabs, 20x300x2000mm, haunched within C35 concrete Areas of sowed grass

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shared space area

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Precast concrete slabs 135x3000x1000mm laid on 50mm mortar on 250mm road base layer, on 300mm sub-base layer, 10mm joints between slabs, filled with mortar Precast concrete slabs 135x500x1000mm laid on 50mm mortar on 250mm road base layer on 300mm sub-base layer, 10mm joints between slabs filled with mortar

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Rainwater drainage system

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Project Title

Chatham Waters Facility

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Hardwork Details - Plan Scale

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Landscape Architecture

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STORMWATER WETLAND

HABITATS

SUMMER

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SEASONS

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Phragmites australis set in basket to avoid spreading

WINTER As the core of the SUDS system, the stormwater wetland provides widely planted areas, showing the diversity of the native species 0.85

(80% are local species that we can find in the natural marshy areas of the Medway valley). During Spring and Summer, the bedflowers form sinuous lines of bright colours that guide the eyes to the new marshland. During Autumn and Winter, the evergreen

basket geotextile filter membrane

foliage species of herbaceous helps to keep the structure and the atmospheres of the planting design.

rocks to slow down erosion

SECTION ON PHRAGMITES AUSTRALIS PLANTING - 1/10e

SECTION ON THE CORTEN STEEL FOOTBRIDGE - 1/20 e

Project Title

Chatham Waters Facility

IRREGULAR

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Landscape Architecture

REGULAR

Drawing Title

Waterwork Details Scale

1/200e @ A1 Date

13/05/2013

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Planted randomly 278 Equisetum fluviatile 140 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 79 Equisetum fluviatile 44 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)

13 Phalaris arundinacea

9 Miscanthus sinensis

86 Miscanthus sinensis

Planted randomly 41 Iris pseudacorus 12 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 200 Equisetum fluviatile 88 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 273 Equisetum fluviatile 79 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups) 12 Lysimachia vulgaris

Planted randomly 63 Lythrum salicaria 28 Eriophorum angustifolium (in groups of 7) 11 Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' ( singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 200 Equisetum fluviatile 84 Hippuris vulgaris (singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 26 Iris pseudacorus 4 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

37 Miscanthus sinensis 17 Carex riparia (planted randomly, singularly)

Prunus avium

58 Phragmites australis

Planted randomly 26 Iris pseudacorus 5 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

12 Phalaris arundinacea Planted randomly 63 Lythrum salicaria 28 Eriophorum angustifolium (in groups of 7) 11 Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' ( singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 42 Iris pseudacorus 15 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

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Planted randomly 16 Lysimachia vulgaris

Planted randomly 29 Lysimachia vulgaris 19 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 38 Iris pseudacorus 10 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

65 Phragmites australis

Planted randomly 18 Lysimachia vulgaris 9 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups) 12 Lysimachia vulgaris

Planted randomly 104 Iris pseudacorus 11 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

Ulex europaeus

Planted randomly 83 Iris pseudacorus 18 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

Prunus spinosa

Planted randomly 282 Lythrum salicaria 180 Eriophorum angustifolium (in groups of 7)

Ulex europaeus

76 Phalaris arundinacea 82 Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' ( singularly, not in groups)

Atriplex portucaloides

74 Miscanthus sinensis

Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer' Swale mix Planted randomly 5% Phalaris arundinacea 15% Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert' 35% Lythrum salicaria 45 Eriophorum angustifolium

Ulex europaeus 126 Phragmites australis Prunus spinosa Atriplex portucaloides

Proposed trees Proposed specimen shrubs

Proposed beds of herbaceous

Areas of grass

PERENNIALS

UNITS

SPECIES

2 No.

Prunus avium

GIRTH

2 No.

Prunus spinosa

2 No.

Pyrus calleryana 'Chanticleer'

12-14 cm

HEIGHT

SPECIFICATION

125-150 cm

WHIP : 3 breaks, 2x transplanted, bare root

UNITS

SPECIES

POT SIZE

DENSITY

SPECIFICATION

104 No.

Anemone x hybrida 'Honorine Jobert'

2L

4/m²

full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown

444 No.

Iris pseudacorus

2L

5/m²

full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown

60-80cm

bare root, branched 3

87 No.

Lysimachia vulgaris

2L

4/m²

full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown

175-200 cm

FEATHERED TREE: 5branches; 2X, B, Clear Stem

408 No.

Lythrum salicaria

2L

5/m²

full pot, fully rooted, healthy crown

TOTAL : 6

TOTAL : 1043

SHRUBS

HERBACEOUS

UNITS

SPECIES

POT SIZE

HEIGHT

SPECIFICATION

3 No.

Atriplex portulacoides

3L

30-40 cm

bushy, 3 breaks

6 No.

Ulex europaeus

3L

30-40 cm

bushy, 5 breaks

TOTAL : 9

Project Title

SPECIES

POT SIZE

DENSITY

SPECIFICATION

129 No.

Carex riparia

2L

8/m²

full pot, fully rooted pot system

1030 No.

Equisetum fluviatile

9cm

5/m²

full pot, fully rooted pot system

236 No.

Eriophorum angustifolium

9cm

counted

full pot, fully rooted pot system

435 No.

Hippuris vulgaris

9cm

2/m²

full pot, fully rooted pot system

206 No.

Miscanthus sinensis

5L

3/m²

full pot, fully rooted pot system, min.8 canes

101No.

Phalaris arundinacea

4L

6/m²

full pot, fully rooted pot system

249 No.

Phragmites australis

5L

4/m²

full pot, fully rooted pot system, min.8 canes

TOTAL : 2386

Chatham Waters Facility

REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF

Landscape Architecture Drawing Title

0

10 20

50

100

150

20m

1:2000

Waterwork Details - Plan Scale

REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTOD

UNITS

IT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF

KEY

TREES

1/200e @ A1 0

1

2

5

10

15

20m

0

10

20

50

100m

0

1

2

5

10m

0

10

20

50m

1:200

1:1000

1:100

1:500

Date

13/05/2013

REALISE PAR UN PRODUIT AUTODESK A BUT EDUCATIF

Planted randomly 26 Iris pseudacorus 9 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)

Planted randomly 58 Iris pseudacorus 10 Carex riparia (singularly, not in groups)