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LIFE

Historická osobnosť Once upon a time

Pôvab a

charita

Elizabeth Taylorová, legendárna herečka preslávená svojou krásou, životným štýlom spoločenskej smotánky, charitatívnym úsilím a mnohými manželstvami, skonala vo veku 79 rokov. Hoci dvakrát získala Oskara - za filmy Butterfield 8 (1960) a Kto sa bojí Virgínie Woolfovej? (1966) - verejnosť ju viac obdivovala ako osobnosť: sexy, pôvabnú, temperamentnú, krehkú, vždy sprevádzanú lichotníkmi, médiami a zástupom fanúšikov. Elizabeth Rosemonda Taylorová sa narodila v Londýne 27. februára 1932 Francisovi a Sáre Taylorovým, do rodiny zámožných amerických obchodníkov s umením. Jej matka bola bývalá herečka, čo predurčilo aj kariéru dcéry. Po vypuknutí druhej svetovej vojny sa jej rodičia vrátili do USA a usadili sa v Los Angeles, kde Francis Taylor zásoboval najprominentnejšiu klientelu. Mladá Elizabeth sa vďaka svojmu atraktívnemu zovňajšku čoskoro dostala do povedomia. Debutovala vo filmovej spoločnosti Universal Pictures v roku 1942, potom podpísala zmluvu so spoločnosťou MGM (MetroGoldwyn-Mayer), ktorá sa stala jej domovom na takmer dve desaťročia. Tam nakrútila film Lassie sa vracia, v ktorom si zahrala s Roddym McDowallom. Tento herec sa stal jej oddaným priateľom. Až jej ďalší film National Velvet (Národný zamat) z roku 1944 z nej urobil hviezdu. V roku 1950 mala na konte prvý filmový trhák: bola to klasika Father of the Bride (Otec nevesty), v ktorom hrala dcéru Spencera Tracyho a budúcu nevestu. Keď sa rozhodla vydať za hotelového dediča Konrada „Nicka“ Hiltona mladšieho, akoby jej život kopíroval filmový scenár. Ale manželstvo nebolo také úspešné ako film: trvalo len osem mesiacov. Prvú nomináciu na Oskara Taylorová získala za film Raintree County nakrútený v roku 1957. To posilnilo jej popularitu hviezdy, ktorá sa preslávila romantickými scénami, ale aj skrytým talentom. V roku 1952 sa vydala za herca Michaela Wildinga, ktorý bol od Elizabeth o 20 rokov starší. Manželstvo trvalo päť rokov. Týždeň potom, čo sa im narodilo druhé dieťa, ju vzťah s hollywoodskym producentom Mikom Toddom od Wildinga odlúčil. Po krátkej stagnácii v práci sa Taylorová začiatkom 50-tych rokov objavila v niekoľkých slávnych filmoch: v pozoruhodnom filme Giant (Obor) z roku 1956, v ktorom hrala s Jamesom Deanom a Rockom Hudsonom. Todd jej v roku 1958 dal rolu „mačky Maggie“ vo filme Cat on a Hot Tin Roof (Mačka na rozpálenej plechovej streche). Elizabeth vzbudila rozruch, keď časť filmu odohrala zvodne pohupujúc bokmi oblečená len v kombiné. Todd prišiel o život pri leteckej havárii v marci 1958. Po jeho smrti mladú vdovu podporoval Toddov najlepší priateľ, herec a spevák Eddie Fisher. Z priateľskej podpory sa pozvoľne vyvinul vzťah.

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Ako Kleopatra v roku 1963 As Cleopatra in 1963

Fisher a Taylorová sa zosobášili v roku 1959. V nasledujúcich rokoch sa spolu objavili vo filme Butterfield 8. Jej vystúpenie sa stretlo so sympatiami Filmovej akadémie a konečne jej udelili Oskara. V roku 1960 bola pravdepodobne najslávnejšou herečkou na svete. Filmová spoločnosť 20th Century Fox‘s jej ponúkla hlavnú úlohu vo filme Kleopatra. Taylorová si vyžiadala milión amerických dolárov - najvyšší honorár, aký dovtedy nejaký herec dostal. Hrala tam s Richardom Burtonom v úlohe Marka Antonia. Stali sa nerozluční a veľmi populárni. Zosobášili sa v roku 1964. Novinári ich sledovali na každom kroku a správy o nich zapĺňali titulné stránky. Burton kupoval Taylorovej šperky, kožuchy a drahé dary. Keď sa objavili na verejnosti, vyvolávali davové nadšenie. Burtonovo turné s rolou Hamleta vypredalo ich filmy The V.I.P., The Sandpiper, dokonca aj ponurý, ale priekopnícky film Who‘s Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (Kto sa bojí Virgínie Woolfovej?) bol hitom, ktorý im vyniesol desať nominácií na Oskarov. Taylorová získala trofej za najlepšiu herečku v úlohe temperamentnej Marty; Burton bol nominovaný za stvárnenie chromého Georga. Herečkina kariéra začala blednúť, keď dovŕšila 40-tku. Jej manželstvo s Burtonom tiež prechádzalo krízou; rozviedli sa v roku 1974 a hoci sa o rok znovu vzali, druhý pokus sa o deväť mesiacov neskôr skončil. Ale čaro osobnosti Elizabeth Taylorovej sa nestratilo. Časť svojho života venovala charite. Po smrti priateľa Rocka Hudsona založila nadáciu Elizabeth Taylorovej: AIDS Foundation. Najmä potom, čo jej herecká kariéra v 80-tych rokoch začala blednúť, vložila do dobročinnosti všetko - svoj čas i peniaze. Jej práca na poli charity mala rovnaký, ba možno ešte väčší prínos, než jej filmová kariéra. (TEXT) Ján Rosenberg (FOTO ) TASR/AP

jar | spring 2011


Glamour and

charity

Elizabeth Taylor, the legendary actress famed for her beauty, her jet-set lifestyle, her charitable endeavors and her many marriages, has died. She was 79. Though a two-time Oscar winner -- for „Butterfield 8“ (1960) and „Who‘s Afraid of Virginia Woolf“ (1966) -- Taylor was more celebrated for simply being Elizabeth Taylor: sexy, glamorous, tempestuous, fragile, always trailing courtiers, media and fans. Elizabeth Rosemond Taylor was born February 27, 1932, in London, the daughter of two wealthy American art dealers, Francis and Sara Taylor. Her mother was a former actress who had given up the career when she married, but encouraged her daughter in the pursuit. Just after World War II began, her parents moved back to the United States and settled in Los Angeles, where Francis Taylor catered to a high-level clientele. Young Elizabeth was noted early on for her looks.

Elizabeth Taylorová v roku 1961 vo filme Butterfield 8 Elizabeth Taylor in the film „Butterfield 8“ in 1961

She eventually made her debut for Universal, in 1942, then signed by MGM, which was to be her home for almost two decades, and made „Lassie Come Home,“ opposite Roddy McDowall. The actor became a devoted friend. But it was Taylor‘s next film, 1944‘s „National Velvet,“ that made her a star. In 1950, Taylor turned 18 and had her first hit as an adult, the classic „Father of the Bride,“ in which she played Spencer Tracy‘s soonto-be-married daughter. Real life mirrored art when Taylor decided to marry hotel heir Conrad „Nicky“ Hilton Jr., but the marriage wasn‘t nearly as successful as the film: it lasted just eight months. It wasn‘t until 1958 that Taylor received her first Oscar nomination, for 1957‘s „Raintree County.“ By then, she was an even bigger star than before, and known as much for her off-screen romances as her on-screen talent. She married actor Michael Wilding -- 20 years her senior -- in 1952, a marriage that lasted five years and produced two children, and then Hollywood producer Mike Todd a week after her divorce from Wilding. And after some sluggish work in the early ‚50s, she was appearing in some renowned films, notably 1956‘s „Giant“ opposite James Dean and Rock Hudson. Todd suggested her for the role of Maggie the Cat in „Cat on a Hot Tin Roof“ (1958), and Taylor steamed up the screen, spending a good part of the movie slinking around in a slip. Todd died in a plane crash in March 1958. Upon his death, Taylor was comforted by Todd‘s best friend, actor and singer Eddie Fisher. The comforting turned into an affair. Fisher and Taylor married in 1959 and appeared opposite each other in the next year‘s „Butterfield 8,“ with Taylor cast as a sexually carnivorous party girl. Her performance invited the sympathy of the Motion Picture Academy, and she finally won an Oscar. In 1960, now perhaps the most famous actress in the world, Taylor was offered the lead in 20th Century Fox‘s production of „Cleopatra.“ Taylor demanded $1 million -- the highest fee demanded by an actress up to that time. She performed there with Richard Burton, who was cast as Marc Antony. The two were inseparable -- and very publicly so. They married in 1964, their every move a headline. Burton bought Taylor jewels, furs, baubles. The two caused near-riots when they appeared in public. Burton‘s tour of „Hamlet“ sold out and their movies together -- „The V.I.P.s,“ „The Sandpiper,“ even the grim, groundbreaking „Who‘s Afraid of Virginia Woolf“ -- were hits, the latter also nominated for 10 Oscars. Taylor received a best actress trophy for her performance as the tempestuous Martha; Burton was nominated for his performance as the emasculated George. The actress‘ career continued to languish as she entered her 40s. Her marriage to Burton also faltered; the two divorced in 1974, and though they remarried the next year, the second attempt ended nine months later. But the glamour of being Elizabeth Taylor never faded. She devoted herself to charity. She founded the Elizabeth Taylor AIDS Foundation after the death of her friend Rock Hudson, and plowed both her time and money into its work, especially as her acting career waned in the 1980s. Her charity work had grossed as much as her film career. (TEXT) Ján Rosenberg (PHOTO) TASR/AP

jar | spring 2011

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