TONG_SU_846112_JOURNAL by Tong Su

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2018, SEMESTER 2, Tutor: Moyshie Elias

TONG SU 846112

PART

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CONCEPTUALISATION

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

PART A1 DESIGN FURING - case study 1 DOME OVER MANHATTAN - case study 2 EDEN PROJECT

PART A2 DESIGN COMPOTATION - case study 1 CENTRE POMPIDOU-METZ - case study 2 ICD/ITKE PAVILION

PART A3 COMPOSATION/GENERATION - case study 1 GALAXY SOHO - case study 2 THE MAOHAUS

PART A4 CONCLUSION

PART A5 LEARNING OUTCOMES

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INTRODUCTION

My name is Tong SU, I am currently in my third year of the university of Melbourne and majoring in architecture. I was born in the North part of China, which is very close to Russia, and I spent 6 years studying in Beijing, Tsinghua High School. The architectures in my hometown are not only the Traditional Chinese buildings but also the European architecture due to the influence of geographic location. I can always see the effect on architecture style of different cultures, therefore architecture caught my interest since then. Another reason that I find architecture is interesting is that I love making models, especially hand making models. It makes me feel existing when I made a microcosm of an architecture. I like architecture style which is simple but enriched with lots of possibilities. In my opinion the architecture is not enclose people inside the building but provide the unique experience to people which we cannot gain from the natural environment. Fujimoto is currently my favorite architect, his concept is that future architecture will put the natural environment inside as a part of the structure, which is really leading and sustainable concept.

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A.1 DESIGN FURTURING With the increasing population in the global scale, the resources of the planet are exhausted gradually. The artificial world has brought lots of impact on the natural environment. The earth had already reminded us by the gradually rising temperature and the sea level. This means the damage that we brought to the nature will finally result in our human being. Therefore, the way we design and occupy the earth must to be changed to ensure our sustainability. In this case, the architects need to take the responsibility to design for the future. The sustainability of architecture is the primary factor for our new generation architects. However, the architects need to be the compass instead of maps during the process of designing for the future. The projects analysed in this chapter are all focusing on and contributed to the sustainability of the planet, which aimed on creating the better future.

1. ANTHONY DUNNE AND FIONA RABY, SPECULATIVE EVERYTHING ([S.L.]: MIT, 2013), PP. 44-45. 2. TONY FRY, DESIGN FUTURING (LONDON: BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC, 2014). 6

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We are too many, we have done too much ecological damage, and we have become too dependent upon the artificial worlds that we have designed, fabricated and 2 occupied. - Tony Fry

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Case Study 1 Project: DOME OVER MANHATTAN Architect: Buckminster Fuller Date: 1960

The Dome over Manhattan is a program proposed by Buckminster Fuller in 1961. It is basically a giant geodesic dome which is three-kilometre (1.864-mile) spanning above Midtown Manhattan. The dome was designed with the aim of sustainable development as the dome can be self-sufficient, regulate weather and reducing air pollution. But the project was not built in the end as its conceptual structure was impossible to achieve. Fuller worked as a ‘comprehensive anticipatory design scientist’ who did not limit himself in one field, he works in lots of fields to create a more sustainable planet. Fuller lives in the last century but thinks of the development in this century. He have not only foreseen the environmental difficulties that we faced now, but also thinks much more further. Such as what we need to do when the

According to the reading ‘Design Futuring - sustainability, ethics and new practice’ 2write by Tony Fry, people have done too much ecological damage, therefore the design of nowadays needs to be focus on the balance between nature and artificial world instead of only destructing the environment to achieve our goals. The dome over Manhattan is a solution to deal with the shortage of resources. The city inside the dome can form a self-sufficient metabolic system and protect the city from all kinds of disaster such as solar storm. It ensures the sustainable development of Manhattan, even the plant. The low carbon concept of Fuller was using less materials to achieve more outcomes, which is regarded as treasure by people nowadays.

FIG.1: TIME MAGAZINE COVER: R. BUCKMINSTER FULLER (1960)

FIG.2: DOME OVER MANHATTAN

IMAGE SOURCE:HTTP://CONTENT.TIME.COM/

IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://THEREALDEAL.COM/2016/02/28/

TIME/COVERS/0,16641,19640110,00.HTML

WHAT-IF-MIDTOWN-MANHATTAN-HAD-A-DOME/

2. TONY FRY, DESIGN FUTURING (LONDON: BLOOMSBURY ACADEMIC, 2014). 8

resources of the plant are exhausted completely.

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FIG.3: DOME OVER MANHATTAN IMAGE SOURCE: HTTPS://MEDIUM.COM/DESIGNSCIENCE/1960-750843CD705A

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Case Study 2 Project: EDEN PROJECT Architect: Nicholas Grimshaw Date: 2001

The Eden project is using artificial biomes to emulates the natural biomes. There are lots of plants collect from different environment and climate. I think the Eden project is an achievement of the concept of Fullerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Dome over Manhattan, which creates the sustainable environment for a part of the planet using technological development. The project is created by digital design tools which shows that the widely usage of computer design in architecture, which provides more convenient and possibilities of design. The hexagonal tessellation material was used for the construction of grid and membrane material contributes to the temperature and heat

transfer required by the plants inside the building. The project more focus on the independence between the nature and human being. And it demonstrates that nature can be self-sufficient without humans. I think architects of dome over Manhattan and Eden project are both have found the well balance between nature and human construction. Human can protect the environment by reducing the damage that we create and result in the planet. The project also including its exclusive education significance on environmental protection which gives the great example and will teach and encourage generations to create better practice.

FIG.4: THE EDEN PROJECT, 2001. IMAGE SOURCE: HTTPS://GRIMSHAW.GLOBAL/

FIG.5: EDEN PROJECT BY GRAMSHAW, 2001. IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW.WEEKENDNOTES.CO.UK/EDEN-PROJECT/

A.2 DESIGN COMPUTATION In the past architects sometimes face the problem that they got the concept and idea but unable to achieve. With the technology and software development, the computer are widely used in lots of field which also include architectures. It is important to distinct the word computerisation and computation. The first one is modelling digitally, and anther is to design approach. The computational design method makes the design process more accurate and convenient and enables lots of process including form-finding, materialization, digital analysis. It can help designers achieve a wide range of geometries to design. Computational design also can provide the test of constructability or structure stability before building it. However, it cannot be used to re-define practice. Computational design can only use computer to produce the idea of architects but cannot problem solving. 3 Computer is just the tool that designer used, it cannot replace human and work independently.

3. YEHUDA E KALAY, ARCHITECTUREâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S NEW MEDIA (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.: MIT PRESS, 2004), PP. 20-21. 4. RIVKA OXMAN AND ROBERT OXMAN, THEORIES OF THE DIGITAL IN ARCHITECTURE, PP. 1-10. 12

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This is an age in which digitally informed design can atually produce a second nature. - Rivka and Robert Oxman4

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Case Study 1 Project: CENTRE POMPIDOU-METZ Architect: Shigeru Ban Architects Date: 2010

The building is an innovatory architecture which forms a continuous structure combines wall, rood and columns together, which make a big step of difference compared with early years that wall defines boundary of the space. The structure forms a continuous space which will make visitors to engage with artistic creation. The Pompidou Centre was using the proprietary form-finding parametric design software to form a structure which consist with triangles. The design methodology enabled architects using algorithmic program to achieve this complex form and make the design concept visualized. Also, the parametric

FIG.6: CENTRE POMPIDOU INTERNAL VIEW IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY. COM/490141/CENTRE-POMPIDOU-METZ-SHIGERU-BANARCHITECTS/53324E2EC07A80CB6B00008F-CENTREPOMPIDOU-METZ-SHIGERU-BAN-ARCHITECTS-PHOTO

CONCEPTUALISATION

modelling method gives the opportunity altering and adjusting the material and structure performance. The final choice of material of the building is the wood due to its recyclable properties. The architect meets the high environmental and sustainable requirements to find the balance between the natural environment and artificial world.

FIG.7: CENTRE POMPIDOU EXTERNAL VIEW IMAGE SOURCE: HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY. COM/490141/CENTRE-POMPIDOU-METZ-SHIGERU-BANARCHITECTS/53324E78C07A808489000088-CENTREPOMPIDOU-METZ-SHIGERU-BAN-ARCHITECTS-PHOTO

FIG.8: CENTRE POMPIDOU IMAGE SOURCE :HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY. COM/490141/CENTRE-POMPIDOU-METZSHIGERU-BAN-ARCHITECTS/53324E23C0 7A806C36000082-CENTRE-POMPIDOUMETZ-SHIGERU-BAN-ARCHITECTS-PHOTO

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Case Study 2 Project: ICD/ITKE PAVILION Architect: Achim Menges Date: 2013-2014

This building was design by the institute for computational design (ICD) and the institute of building structures and structural design (ITKE). They aimed in exploring more possibilities by using digital design and design the building by using the concept of nature, which is the shells of beetles. The building was inspired by the shells of beetles, which opens on two side to show the bending form. The pavilion employed the computational design methodology to discover the building form and spatial qualities by using bionics to create a more lightweight and fibre composite system.

the way to create various structures and achieve more possibilities. 5 The pavilion also in 2013 also improved through the software and technology development. The biomimetic processes also help to enrich the design of the structure. The natural structure inspired people with the adaption between the human creature and the natural environment. This helps people to find the balance between them. The structure slow reveals the potential of computational design of the architecture in the future.

This building shows that the computation design can be

FIG.9: ICD/ITKE PAVILION 2013-14 IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW.DESIGNBOOM. COM/ARCHITECTURE/ICD-ITKE-RESEARCH-

5. YEHUDA E KALAY, ARCHITECTUREâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S NEW MEDIA (CAMBRIDGE, MASS.: MIT PRESS, 2004), PP. 2-3. 16

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FIG.10: ICD/ITKE PAVILION 2013-14 IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW.

FIG.11: ICD/ITKE PAVILION 2013-14 IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW.

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A.3 COMPOSITION/GENERATION

With the development of technology and software, there is no doubt that computation is changing the way that we design and explore architecture forms. The global rise of transformation from composition to generation also marked the new era of computational design. Is includes scripting, parametric design and algorithmic design, and basically gives the more fast and efficient way which helps designers to search various iterations. We can simply create the algorithm of our design concept and using less moderations to achieve more iterations. This methodology enables designers to practice more efficient and achieve more complex forms that may take lots of times before. The use of generative computational design also accurate the design visualisation. However, the popularization of generative computational design also requires lots of high skill workers. The following precedents provide below are all using generative thinking method to design architecture but still have their unique concept within the project.

5. BRADY PETERS AND XAVIER DE KESTELIER, COMPUTATION WORKS, P. 12. 18

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When architects have a sufficient understanding of algorithmic concepts, when we no longer need to discuss the digital as something different, then computation can become a true method of design for architecture. - Brady Peters

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Case Study 1 Project: GALAXY SOHO Architect: Zaha Hadid Date: 2009-2012

The GALAXY SOHO building is located in the one of the main commercial centres of Beijing, which is a continuous and flowing building for office, retail and entertainment purpose. The building has four volumes, and towers are connected with stretched bridges, which located at base, midpoint and the top. GALAXY SOHO using parametric design to achieve the flowing form into a digital model and make it possible to altering the material choice and the constructability of the building. The building is keeping the concept of Chinese traditional courtyard, but instead of the triangle block of the courtyard, Zaha is using circular form to replace the traditional form and using the bridges to achieve a continuous internal area.

The GALAXY SOHO was design by Zaha by using the Gehry Technologies Digital Project which is a 3D Building Information Modelling system. 6 The system gives more accurate outcome of the design scheme and can achieve the complex diversity. This form can be achieved by simply create the squares and make transformations and contouring. And extrude parts of the model to connected with each other and make it like a bridge. The building really represents the design future of architecture by using the computation design method to show the more possibilities that parametric design can achieve. This will also give a great design precedent to the architects to create better work.

FIG.12: CHINA TRADITIONAL COURTYARD IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://OLDCHINABOOKS. COM/YANGSHEN_EBOOK_BLOG/2013/09/02/

6. NICK LERNER, GRANDLY INNOVATIVE ICONS, 1ST EDN, 2010, PP. 32-33 <HTTPS://WWW.3DS.COM/FILEADMIN/INDUSTRIES/

FIG.13: GALAXY SOHO IN BEIJING IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW. THEBEIJINGER.COM/BLOG/2018/06/14/

FIG.14: GALAXY SOHO IMAGE SOURCE:HTTP://WWW.ZAHA-HADID. COM/ARCHITECTURE/GALAXY-SOHO/

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Case Study 2 Project: THE MAOHAUS Architect: AntiStatics Architecture Date: 2017

The MaoHaus was built by AntiStatics Architecture in Beijing. It is using a facade piece exploring the historical context of the location, and potential materials. The concept is to combine the portrait, the Chinese Traditional Printing and the Wind Simulation flowing fabric to show the collide of history and new technology. The facade is made by 6 individual ultrahigh performance concrete panels without the need of support and designed using fluid-dynamics algorithms.7 The computational design helps the architecture to become unique due to the array of apertures across the surface can give different experiences to the visitors depending on the time. From the front of the facade, it is perceptibly flattened revealing the image of Chairman Mao, but from other angles, the facade

can be read as flowing banners. The facade during the day time can be recognized as the advance sculpture in Hutong, which is surrounding historical building, but at night people can see the photo of Chairman Mao to corresponding the surround environment. The algorithmic thinking in the design concept of MaoHaus gives more convenient way to achieve the designer’s objective. At the same time, the porous of curve surface also makes the transformation of load to become more efficient to the foundation.

FIG.15: DESIGN CONCEPT OF THE MAOHAUS IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY. COM/886282/THE-MAOHAUS-ANTISTATICS-ARC HITECTURE/5A458F53B22E388CDE000046-THEMAOHAUS-ANTISTATICS-ARCHITECTURE-IMAGE

7. “THE MAOHAUS / ANTISTATICS ARCHITECTURE”, ARCHDAILY, 2018 <HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY.COM/886282/ 22

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FIG.16: THE MAOHAUS AT NIGHT IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW. ARCHDAILY.COM/886282/THE-MAOHAUSANTISTATICS-ARCHITECTURE/5A45205 8B22E38B707000002-THE-MAOHAUS-

FIG.17: THE MAOHAUS BY ANTISTATICS ARCHITECTURE IMAGE SOURCE:HTTPS://WWW.ARCHDAILY. COM/886282/THE-MAOHAUS-ANTISTATICS-ARC HITECTURE/5A452093B22E38B707000007-THEMAOHAUS-ANTISTATICS-ARCHITECTURE-PHOTO

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A.4 CONCLUSION

Part A includes the extent of development of sustainable and computational thinking of architecture. Through the discussion above, it can be stated that computational design is changing, but limiting the process of architects work, and will gradually become the key design method in the future. Also, designing the most sustainable architecture in the future is important as we must find the balance between nature and artificial world. I believe in the future there will be more approach invented to help designers work, but the sustainable concept will be existed perpetually. Therefore, my design intended approach is using algorithmic thinking to design the sustainable future. The computational approach will enrich the choices and opportunities of design outcomes and produce less restrictions on design concept. This will produce innovative projects which will have more options compared with before. It is significant to utilize this tool to reduce the impact we might brought to the natural environment. It will benefit both human being and the planet to meet sustainable development requirement.

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A.5 LEARNING OUTCOMES

Through the 3 weeks study, I learned a lot from the lectures, readings, tutorials and the research by myself. Before the class, I am just thought generative design and algorithmic method is just a tool that designers used to produce different outcomes, but now I find out that it not only a tool but also a type of thinking method. We can apply this type of thinking into the computer to physically produce projects now, but we can also use it to innovate more tools that we can use for future design. The thinking process will never restrict us from creating something new. After I realized this, I found out that if I apply the algorithmic thinking to the design I did before, which I want to create a blocky area with fill with random blocks, that troubled me a long time by creating lots of blocks, but now I can simply do this using grasshopper. The leaning through these weeks really inspired me with my future design.

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A.6 APPENDIX BIBLIOGRAPHY

Dunne, Anthony, and Fiona Raby, Speculative Everything ([S.l.]: MIT, 2013), pp. 44-45 Fry, Tony, Design Futuring (London: Bloomsbury Academic, 2014) Kalay, Yehuda E, Architecture’s New Media (Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press, 2004), pp. 20-21 Lerner, Nick, Grandly Innovative Icons, 1st edn, 2010, pp. 32-33 <https:// www.3ds.com/fileadmin/Industries/Architecture-Engineering-Construction/ Pdf/articles/zaha-hadid-aec.pdf> [Accessed 9 August 2018] Oxman, Rivka, and Robert Oxman, Theories Of The Digital In Architecture, pp. 1-10 Peters, Brady, and Xavier De Kestelier, Computation Works, p. 12 “The Maohaus / Antistatics Architecture”, Archdaily, 2018 <https://www.archdaily. com/886282/the-maohaus-antistatics-architecture> [Accessed 9 August 2018]

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PART

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CRITERIA DESIGN

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TABLE OF CONTENT

PART B1 RESEARCH FIELD - GENETIC ARCHITECTURE - RECURSION 5

PART B2A L-SYSTEMS

- Written Analysis 6-7 - Matrix of Iterations 10-13

PART B2B WRITTEN ANALYSIS (BLOOM PROJECT) 14-15 PART B2C COMPONENT DESIGN & AGGREGATION -Component Design 16-17 - Aggregation 1 TILE 18-21 - Aggregation 2 SPREAD 22-25 - Aggregation 3 INVIDE 26-29 - Aggregation 4 COMPRISE 30-33

PART B3 CASE STUDY 2.0 AGGY-ATTACK COMPONENT AGGREGATION RECEIPT 34-35 PART B4 TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT - Component design 36-37

- Localised Differentiation 38-39 - STUMPY AGGREGATION 1 40-43 - STUMPU AGGREGATION 2 44-47 - Localised Differentiation 48-49 - BILATERIAL AGGREGATION 1 50-53 - BILATERIAL AGGREGATION 2 54-57

PART B6 TECHNIQUE PROPOSAL 58-59 PART B7 LEARNING OVJECTIVES & OUTCOMES 60-61

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PART B1 RESEARCH FIELD

GENETICS Housings -Six maisons non-standards, 1999 The genetic architecture refers to using the genetic algorithm to generate the idea and expression of the structure. The genetic algorithm adopts the rules from the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;natural processâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; which using DNA as carrier to generate information about their form. Therefore, the genetic algorithm is using computer to stimulate the biological genetic variation and the natural selection process of Darwinâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s theory of evolution, to find the best solution of a large information base. The natural process has similarities with the architecture design process, which are both needed to be test and improve repeatedly, to find the best result. This is a big step of improvement for architecture design which will significantly increase the efficiency of design process. Housings project by Kolatan / Mac Donald

studio can be the great example for genetic architecture. The project is the initial step for mass-customized prefabricated housing experiments, which was selected from the variations of information pool. This information pool was using the normal house plan as base and the object-products as objective. The combination between the base and objective generated numbers of chimerical houses. The project aiming 3 objectives, the first one is to explore the capacity of generating different iterations and transformations. The second one is in relation with the problem of survive which is to find out whether the iteration can keep its standard form in different social and ecological situations. And the third one is combing the composite materials and digital fabrication processes.

https:/

http://www.archilab.org/public/2000/catalog/kolata/kolataen.htm

http

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RECURSION Recursive Tectonics - Ayax Abreu Garcia Recursion can be defined as using simple definition or element to generate unique and impressive aggregations. The first iteration begins with just a simple element such as one object or shape which not designed to grow recursively. The following items will be defined using the data loop in which they are recursively repeating in the slimier way. The recursion in mathematic is the function which is defined with itself, which means it will repeating itself until the satisfactory result has been reached. The recursive tectonics is an architecture which have high adaptability to switch for different demand. The structure can be

rescaled and reform to properly respond to any demand on size or form restriction. Recursive tectonics using foldable triangles to increate the structure stability and strength and adding on its self to achieve different forms. Although this is an unbuilt work, but is can be achieved by any 3D digital programs which supports recursion and take height and space requirement as the input and the program will automatically gives the result whether need increase the structural strength or reforming the outcome, and also gives the simplification in construction and material chosen processes to achieve the structure of adaptability.

//lakareacts.com/winners/recursive-tectonics/

ps://lakareacts.com/winners/recursive-tectonics/

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533

PART B2A L-SYSTEMS Written Analysis

L - System History L-System (Lindenmayer-systems), which is named after Aristid Lindenmayer(1925-1989) is consisted of an axiom and a set of rules. The L-system was generated from biology and allows to generate various iterations using complex shapes and keep repeating. The basic rule of L-System is the parallel string rewriting system, and the result of each generation will become the basic for the next generation. In 1968, Astrid Lindenmayer introduced the string rewriting mechanism which is named “L-Systems”. The system had the unique grammar which the production is applied in parallel and simultaneously to replace letters in a ‘given word’. Each generation, several transformations are applied to the string based on the list of rules. Each rule consists of “input” and “output”, and the input is the search substring and the output is the substring to be replaced. Empty strings are legal as input and output, if they are at the input, they will match at each location, and if at the output, the search and replace will be equal to delete.

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Original L-system for modelling the growth. variable: A B axiom: A rules: (A = AB), (B = A) n=0:A n = 1 : AB n = 2 : ABA n = 3 : ABAAB n = 4 : ABAABABA n = 5 : ABAABABAABAAB n = 6 : ABAABABAABAABABAABABA n=7: ABAABABAABAABABAABABAABAABABAABAAB

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735

PART B2A L-SYSTEMS Matrix of Iterations FUZZY

GENERATION=6

AXIOM=A

AXIOM=C

AXIOM=AB

AXIOM=BD

A=AC

A=AD

A=AC

A=AB

B=CD

B=BCD

C=ACBD

C=ABCD

C=ACD

C=AD

D=DB

D=BC

GENERATION=9

GENERATION=19

GENERATION=8

GENERATION=9

GENERATION=7

AXIOM=ABCD

A=ABCD

A=AB

A=B

A=ABCD

A=AC

B=BCD

B=AB

B=BCD

B=BD

C=CD

C=D

C=BC

C=CD

D=D

D=C

D=CD

D=D

D=CD

GENERATION=8

GENERATION=10

GENERATION=9

GENERATION=11

AXIOM=ABCD

A=ABC

A=AB

A=BCD

A=AB

A=ACD

B=BC

B=ACD

B=AB

B=BC

C=D

C=CD

C=B

C=CD

C=ACD

D=A

D=AD

D=CD

D=BA

A A B C D

SPIRAL

BUSHY

CRITERIA DESIGN

GENERATION=6

AXIOM=D

AXIOM=B

AXIOM=D

AXIOM=BD

AXIOM=B

A=AB

A=ABC

B=ABC

B=BCD

B=BC

C=AC

C=AD

C=BCD

D=BCD

D=BC

D=AD

GENERATION=8

GENERATION=20

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=8

AXIOM=ABD

AXIOM=ABCD

AXIOM=ADF

AXIOM=ABCD

A=ABC

A=AC

A=AD

A=AC

B=AD

B=BD

B=BE

B=BC

B=ABC

C=CD

C=D

C=AC

C=BC

D=BCD

D=C

D=DF

D=AD

D=CD

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=9

AXIOM=ABCD

A=AB

A=A

A=ABC

B=AB

B=ABC

C=CD

C=ABC

C=AB

D=CD

D=ABCD

D=A

GENERATION=8

AXIOM=ABD A=ABC B=AD C=CD D=BCD

E=BE F=DF

GENERATION=7 AXIOM=ABCD A=AD B=BD C=BCD D=C

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PART B2A L-SYSTEMS Matrix of Iterations

GRADIENT

GENERATION=9

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=6

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=4

AXIOM=ABCD

AXIOM=ABCDEF

AXIOM=ABCD

AXIOM=ABCDEF

A=ABCD

A=AB

A=ABC

B=BCD

B=AB

B=BC

B=ABC

C=CD

C=ABC

D=D

D=CD

D=AD

D=ABC

GEOMETRY

E=EF

E=ABC

F=EF

F=ABC

GENERATION=5

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=10

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=4

AXIOM=ABCD

A=ABC

A=BC

A=ABD

A=AB

B=ABC

B=A

B=BCD

B=CD

B=AB

C=BCD

C=AC

C=BCD

C=CD

D=BCD

D=CD

D=AD

D=BD

D=CD

CRITERIA DESIGN

GENERATION=8

GENERATION=17

GENERATION=10

GENERATION=7

AXIOM=ABD

AXIOM=A

AXIOM=AD

AXIOM=ABCD

A=ABC

A=CD

A=ABC

A=ACD

A=AD

B=AD

B=B

B=ABC

B=BC

C=CD

C=AC

C=CD

C=BC

D=BCD

D=BD

D=BCD

D=AD

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=10

GENERATION=8

GENERATION=7

GENERATION=8

AXIOM=ABCD

AXIOM=ABC

AXIOM=ABCD

A=AB

A=CD

A=ABC

A=AD

A=AC

B=AB

B=BC

B=AC

C=CD

C=ACD

C=D

C=BC

C=BD

D=CD

D=BCCD

D=A

D=AD

D=BD

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B2B WRITTEN ANALYSIS (BLOOM PROJECT)

https://www.plethora-project.com/bloom/

The bloom project by Alisa Sndrasek and Jose Sanchez was an great example of recursive aggregation. â&#x20AC;&#x153;Bloomâ&#x20AC;? is an interactive design project and commissioned by the City of London for the 2012 Olympic Games. This project has become the start of research project which connects the architecture and the gaming culture. The unique quality of the bloom project is that this structure was formed and can be changed by the people, which emphasis the importance of public into the architecture. Bloom project was designed as a toy version which allows the children and the public

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to find out the ideas within the project. This produced the strong connection between the architecture and the environment. And the component itself is complex enough to achieve different structures. The recursive aggregation was almost organically which might avoid adjusting to the site. Overall the design objective of the bloom project was to increase the connection between the environment, public and the architecture, and really shows that the public and nature are the important factors which influence the structure.

‘A never finished structure in constant fluctuation, finding moments of stability and moments of failure.’ - Plethora Project

https://www.plethora-project.com/bloom/ STUDIO AIR CRITERIA DESIGN

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PART B2C COMPONENT DESIGN & AGGREGATION Component Design

FAIRSHAPED

STRING LIKE

CRITERIA DESIGN

WOODEN C

IN BU

CROSSED

LOTUS ROOT

HORN

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B2C COMPONENT DESIGN & AGGREGATIONS Aggregation 1 TILE

CRITERIA DESIGN

AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCD A= AC B= BD C= AB D= BCD Generation = 8

Generation 3 Generation 2

CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C

Generation 1 A B C D

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B2C COMPONENT DESIGN & AGGREGATIONS Aggregation 2 SPREAD

CRITERIA DESIGN

AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCD A= AC B= BC C= BD D= BCD Generation = 14

Generation 3 Generation 2

CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C

Generation 1 A B C D

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B2C COMPONENT DESIGN & AGGREGATIONS Aggregation 3 INVIDE

CRITERIA DESIGN

AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCD A= ABD B= BC C= AC D= BCD Generation = 14

Generation 3 Generation 2

CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C

Generation 1 A B C D

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B2C COMPONENT DESIGN & AGGREGATIONS Aggregation 4 COMPRISE

CRITERIA DESIGN

AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCD A= AC B= BC C= BD D= BCD Generation = 14

Generation 3 Generation 2

CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C

Generation 1 A B C D

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B3 CASE STUDY 2.0 AGGY-ATTACK COMPONENT AGGREGATION RECEIPT A. Draw polylines which have two segments to standardize the length and direction of components.

Set dummy axiom branch and the dummy branches in grasshopper in A,B,C,D order to create further branches.

C. The polylines was exploded into two pieces. The first segment aimed to standardize the length of branch, and the second segment was used to place the plane of each dummy branch.

D. The second segment needed to be redrawn and create handle for each branch. The plane was created according the second segment of each branch which is perpendicular with the first segment.

E. Set one brep to reference the component and prepare for further generations.

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Adjust the orientation of component by adjusting the branch polylines to make sure each component in the next generation was intersected with the primary component, and there are no intersection between each component in the same generation.

g. Set rule sets and axiom and increase the generations. The plane will set at the end of each branch for next generation.

h. Read the information of privious generation and select the branches for growing next generation.

i. Orient branches if needed to gereate more interesting outcome which did the same thing with commandâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;orient 3Ptâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; in Rhino.

g. Analysis the site environments and set obstacles to situmulate the surrounds. The generations which touches the obstacles will not grow anymore.

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PART B4 TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Component design

STUMPY

CRITERIA DESIGN

RIBB

BONY

BILATERAL

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B4 TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Localised Differentiation

SECONDARY COMPONENT

AXIOM C

AXIOM D

AXIOM B

AXIOM A

PRIMARY COMPONENT

CRITERIA DESIGN

STUMPY AGGREGATION 1

RULESET#1 AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCD A= ABC B= BCD C= BCD D= BD Generation = 8 CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C

Generation 3 Generation 2 Generation 1 A B C D

This secondary component was added at the middle of the primary component and impale the unit. The design of secondary component is aimed to create contrast with primary structure. This aggregation will seem friendly at the top but with the increase of secondary component, the sense of dangerous will increase to enhance the contract of the structure.

CRITERIA DESIGN

STUMBY AGGREGATION 2 RULESET#2 AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCD A= ABC B= BC C= CD D= BCD Generation = 7 CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C Generation 3 Generation 2 Generation 1 A B C D

This rule set gives the twisting apparence oto shows the inside entanglement of aggregasive and gentle of the structure.

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PART B4 TECHNIQUE DEVELOPMENT Localised Differentiation

CRITERIA DESIGN

AXIOM D AXIOM E

AXIOM F

AXIOM C

AXIOM B

AXIOM A

SECONDARY COMPONENT

PRIMARY COMPONENT CRITERIA DESIGN

BILATERIAL AGGREGATION 1

RULESET#1 AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCDEF A= ABC B= ABC C= ABC D= DEF E= DEF F= DEF Generation = 13 CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C IF D INTERSECTS E, KEEP D IF E INTERSECTS F, KEEP F

Generation 3 Generation 2 Generation 1 A B C D E F

The secondary component I added to the primary was in the different direction with axioms. It will increase length if the component is far away from the middle of the structure to show more connections within the whole aggregation and direction of the secondary component gives structure a sense of infinite boundaries to increase the interactions between environment and the structure.

CRITERIA DESIGN

BILATERIAL AGGREGATION2

This rule set generate the spiral form of the primary component, and the enclosed directions of secondary component. Differ from the first one, this aggregation produces more separate secondary components which likes the stamen of corpse flower. It has the sense of aggressive but also elegant at the same time.

RULESET#2 AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCDEF A= BC B= BC C= ABC D= DEF E= BEF F= CDE Generation = 12 CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C IF D INTERSECTS E, KEEP D IF E INTERSECTS F, KEEP F Generation 3 Generation 2 Generation 1 A B C D E F

CRITERIA DESIGN

PART B6 TECHNIQUE PROPOSAL

The site I have chosen for the aggregation is on side of hanging studio and stairs. The structure will form the sense of flowing and infinite boundary by hanging over the atrium. I think the most suitable digital fabrication method for this aggregation is 3d print due to it will be light weight to hang over for safety reason and more convenient

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PART B7 LEARNING OVJECTIVES & OUTCOMES

Through part B classes these weeks, the digital design techniques mentioned in part A are not just words for me anymore. They become one of my skills right now. These weeks I really improved my understanding towards parametric design and the use of algorithmic modeling skills. Compared with the manual modeling, the parametric enables more fast and efficient design process. I can feel this by using the aggy attack grasshopper aggregator which Moyshie sent to us when I have already spending lots of times on the manual recursion. The use of secondary component which can be changed according to our own performance makes me felt the benefits of algorithmic design. It not only gives the faster way for designers, it can also achieve the outcomes which is hard to do before and still can add the designerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s selections. When I designing for my aggregations, I can always found some interesting structures which is impossible for me to create before. The use of parametric design really makes my more confident on my further studies and makes me more interested in designing.

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PART

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DETAILED DESIGN

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TABLE OF CONTENT

PARTC1 COMPONENT DESITN PARTC2 AGGREGATION RULESET PART C3 LOCATION SELECTION PART C4 TECTONICS - jointing and connection details inner screw connection surface screw connection extrude connection - localised differentiation system

PART C5 PROTOTYPE PROCESS - methods considered - silicone mold making process (both primary and secondary component) - resin casting process - flexible silicone making process

PART C6 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS - plan - section

PART C7 PERSPECTIVE RENDERS PART C8 INTERNAL RENDERS PART C9 FINAL MODEL PART C10 LEARNING OUTCOMES

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PART C1 COMPONENT DESIGN

https://designmorphine.tumblr.com/post/133527443742/soft-branchesmade-with-grasshopper3d-and-anemone

The idea of component design was d gives me the feeling of flowing, altho each other, but they still cooperate w soft inside and gives the expression o primary component can be surround sense of protection to the students.

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primary component

secondary component

derived from the picture above. When I firstly saw this, it ough each component in the picture was separate with well. The picture shows the item with hard boundary but of protection. Therefore, I have the idea of create the ding with the secondary component, and provides the

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PART C2 AGGREGATION RULESET

secondary component

primary component

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#RULESET AXIOM BRANCHS: ABCDE A= BC B= AC C= ABD D= DE E= CDE Generation = 19 CONDITIONAL RULES: IF A INTERSECTS B, KEEPA IF B INTERSECTS C, KEEP B IF C INTERSECTS D, KEEP C IF D INTERSECTS E, KEEP D IF E INTERSECTS F, KEEP F

Generation 3

Generation 2

Generation 1 A B C D E

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PART C3 LOCATION SELECTION

As the atrium in level 1 are mainly used as studying area which is quite simple. The space here was not fully used as student cannot get quiet studying area and enough relaxing space. the space now was considered as unimpassioned. Therefore, the aggregation was choosing to locate at here to enrich the area and gives connection between the hanging studio and the student and the space. the component design was also can inspire students with more design ideas.

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PART C4 TECTONICS - jointing and connection details

Inner Screw Connection

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According my design, there was three connection types was proposed. The first one is the inner screw connection, which was basically get the screw inside the component, and connecting the primary and primary component together. However, the component was not round shape, so the only way we can use this method was to change the component to the round shape. However, when we 3d print the 1:1 model and try this method, the stability of the connection was still not enough, therefore this method was abandoned.

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PART C4 TECTONICS - jointing and connection details

Surface Screw Connection

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The second type of connection was extruding the surface which surrounding the connection and using screw to connec t betw een the pr i m a r y a n d a n o t h e r pr i m a r y component. After got the 3d model and tried, this method was the suitable method until now. therefore, we adapt this method into the final fabrication.

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PART C4 TECTONICS - jointing and connection details

Extrude Connection

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The third connection type was called extrudes connection. The components will be connected with each other by creating the hump and at the same time creating the same hollow within the connection position of the component. Therefore, the components will be connected by align the hump and the hollow. But after trying that, as the material of the component was hard, it is difficult to make them meet. Therefore, the method was abandoned as well.

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PART C4 TECTONICS - localised differentiation system

primary compon

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secondary component

final aggregation

The secondary component applied with the distance localised differentiation. The component which near the centre red point will be shorter than the component far away from the centre. This design was aiming to create the soft inner space to students, and also the area which is far away compared with the centre was required to be highly protected. Therefore, the secondary component was design like this.

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PART C5 PROTOTYPE PROCESS PRIMARY COMPONENT CNC 5 axis cutting (refused)

https://www.google.com.au/search?biw=1404&bih=798&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=VJ3E W7bGJNrt-Qac-b2oAw&q=CNC+CUTTING+5+AXIS+METAL&oq=CNC+CUT TING+5+AXIS+METAL&gs_l=img.3...21611.22274.0.22466.6.6.0.0.0.0.243.243.21.1.0....0...1c.1.64.img..5.0.0....0.yh5XlMRH9ec#imgrc=1f1TrQKQjPAJMM:

3d print (succeed)

https://www.google.com.au/search?biw=1404&bih=798&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=bJ3 EW_C8D83i-Aa72bqIBA&q=3D+PRINT&oq=3D+PRINT&gs_l=img.3..0i67k1l 6j0j0i67k1l3.132092.139008.0.139156.40.21.3.2.2.0.521.2963.0j4j6j1j0j1.12.0....0... 1c.1.64.img..28.7.872.0...0.tVkoPPw8_pQ#imgrc=3id_puXp_gS7bM:

resin casting - silicone mold (succeed)

http://easycomposites.co.uk/#!/starter-kits/silicone-mould-resin-casting-starter-kit. html 106

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According to the aggregation and componen the hard boundary but soft inner space which p component was considered using resin to crea nent needs to be soft but still have the shape. T core like wire, which can form by students with

foam cutting (too light, takes long time to make, not accurate)

https://www.google.com.au/search?rlz=1C1NDCM_zh-CNAU758AU758&bi w=1500&bih=650&tbm=isch&sa=1&ei=eU3FW9a1GcnchwPxj7DYCg&q=c ut+foam&oq=cut+foam&gs_l=img.3..0j0i7i30k1l9.1016.2214.0.2364.5.5.0.0.0 .0.195.362.0j2.2.0....0...1c.1j4.64.img..3.1.194....0.pxyr55P6PZY#imgdii=LP1P 1n_G0lDPvM:&imgrc=4EbeimD02cSG_M:

SECONDARY COMPONENT resin printing (too expensive)

https://www.pinterest.com.au/pin/412712753332611474/?lp=true

3d print (succeed)

nt design, the whole structure wants to achieve provided to students. Therefore, the primary ate the hard shell, and the secondary compoTherefore, it is designed to have formable hard the overall shapes.

silicone casting (succeed)

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=--lmQIJ_M_A

resin casting (failed, dry too fast )

http://easycomposites.co.uk/#!/starter-kits/silicone-mould-resin-casting-starter-kit. html

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PART C5 PROTOTYPE PROCESS - silicone mold making process (both prima

3d print a mound for the primary/ secondary component

Prepare material for the mold making

Using 4 acrylic boards box, seal the edges usin

Slowly Pour the silicone liquid into the mold box, waiting for the mixture to harden

Remove the mold box, registration keys and clay, Brush the Vaseline oil above the first half of mold

Place a cone clay on th the highest point to cre casting. Mix the silicon mold box

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ary and secondary component)

to form the mold ng hot glue gun

Put the component in the proper place, filling the surrounding using oil based clay,

he component at eate a hole for later ne and pour into the

After the silicone dries, separate two parts and remove the component inside. The silicone mold is ready for casting.

Mix the silicone part A&B at ratio 100:100

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PART C5 PROTOTYPE PROCESS - resin casting process

Re-assemble the mold and wrap it with plaster bandage in two directions to prevent the leakage inside

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Mix resin liquid A&B at ratio 1:1. Add resin pigment.

Carefully pour the liqu prepared hole.

uid through the

Slightly jiggle the mold to remove the bubble inside

After 20 mins, take out the resin inside

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PART C5 PROTOTYPE PROCESS - flexible silicone making process

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Prepare materials

Mix two parts at ratio at 100:100 and fully mix them up within 2 mins.

Wrap mode

Apply a layer of oil inside the mold and use the same material for casting.

Put the flexible silicone through the gap into the mold and squeeze out the redundant material to ensure there is no air inside

Take

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p the flexible mixture around the 3D el and ensure there is no gap between.

After the mixture harden, cut a gap on the mold and remove the model inside.

out the model after it finishes harden.

insert the wire to support and also allows the plasticity of the component

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PART C6 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS - PLAN

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PART C6 ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS - SECTION

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PART C7 PERSPECTIVE RENDERS

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PART C8 INTERNAL RENDERS

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PART C9 FINAL MODEL

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PART C10 LEARNING OUTCOMES

Throughout the semester of studying in air studio, I not only enriched my ability of parametric design method, but also the rendering skill and the layout making skill. Also, it is important to mention that I learn how to design my idea with future thought. not only designing for now, but design futuring.

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