Ke Alaka'i - August 2016 by Ke Alaka'i News

A U G U S T 2 016 Âˇ Vo l u m e 115 : I s s u e 1

Page 22 BYUH Concert Choir tours Japan Page 32 Hinduism promotes doing good Page 48 The Libertarian Party wants small government

THE LEAD ER

AUGUST 2016 • VOLUME 115 • ISSUE 1

ADVISOR Le e A n n Lam ber t MULTIMEDIA JOURNALISTS Eric Hachenberger Alex Maldonado Kate Pearson

EDITOR-IN-CHIEF Jared Rober t s MANAGING EDITOR Joshua M ason COPY EDITORS Jared Rober t s

Samantha Daynes

Tayl or Pol son

VIDEOGRAPHERS

PHOTOGRAPHERS

Jo sh M ason

Kel si e Carl son

D o rot hy Chi u

St op Khem t hor n

INTERNS

ART & GRAPHICS

Sam one Yuen Yu ki m i Ki shi SOCIAL MEDIA

Hai l ey M ol i na Kyung Ji Ki m ART DIRECTOR

Jare d Rober t s

Yuki m i Ki shi

NEW S CE N T ER

CONTACT

BOX 1920 BYUH LAIE, HI 96762 PUBLISHER P r int Ser vi ces Editorial, photo submissions & distribution inquiries: ke a l a k a i @ by u h . e d u . To s u b s c r i b e t o t h e R S S F E E D o r t o v i e w a d d i t i o n a l a r t i c l e s , go t o ke a l a k a i . by u h . e d u

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ABO UT US The Ke Alaka‘i began publishing the same year the university, then called Church College of Hawaii, opened. It has continued printing for more than 60 years. The name means “the leader” in Hawaiian. It began as a monthly newsletter, evolved into a weekly newspaper, then a weekly magazine, and is now a monthly news magazine with a website and a social media presence. Today a staff of about 25 students works to provide information for BYU-Hawaii’s campus ohana and Laie’s community.

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PH OTO SUBMISSIO N Central Park, New York on a winter day. Photo by Stop Khemthorn

Share your photo with us and we may feature it in our next issue. E-mail us your high-resolution photo with a caption at kealakai@byuh.edu

F O L LO W U S AR O U ND THE WE B

KEA LA KA I.B YUH .EDU Instagram: @KEALAKAINEWS Snapchat: @KEALAKAINEWS Facebook: KE ALAKA‘I YouTube: KE ALAKA‘I NEWS

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AUGUST 2016 • VOLUME 115 • ISSUE 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

CAMPUS LIFE

Cary Baldwin Marketing major shares how he uses information to make decisions

Aikido BYUH self-defense class teaches students how to use the opponent’s energy against them

Internship Abroad Taimana Tuuhia gives us a look at his summer internship in Recife, Brazil

Common disabilities Barbara Hong lists explanations and symptoms of common disabilities

Improving Disability Awareness Barbara Hong’s research shows faculty and staff are not as knowledgable about disabilities as they should be

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Concert Choir Tours Japan The choir shared the Spirit through song in Okinawa, Sapporo, and cities in between

AUGUST

RELIGION

Understanding Hinduism Its pantheon has of millions of demigods

LIFESTYLE

Chicken Lomi Cyntlea Balucos shares a favorite Filipino dish capable of feeding many

Ohana Yurts Local company is advocate for sustainable living in the North Shore

Food Review How a Utah native brought North Shore Tacos to Hauâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC;ula

Travel to learn There is no better way to understand people than to live among them around the world

WORLD

Libertarian Party The Libertarian Party shows possible upset to two-party system in the USA

ACADEMIC DEADLINES

Presidential Positions View the candidates positions on various issues and matters

THURSDAY Deadline for online registration at 5 p.m. Last day to add/drop classes

FRIDAY One-week exceptions period begins. Need add/drop sheet to make changes. $10 fee for any changes

THURSDAY

All adding ends. Drops still cost $10

MONDAY Full tuition due. Apply for Deferred Payment Plan and make initial payment to avoid registration hold

TUESDAY Last day for 100 percent tuition refund for discontinuance

FRIDAY Withdrawal begins as W or WF

FRIDAY Last day for 90 percent tuition refund for discontinuance

WEDNESDAY Withdrawal deadline

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08 1

First Day of Fall Semester

Devotional by Pres. and Sis.Tanner (11 a.m.) CAC

“TheWildest Show inTown” (4:30 p.m.)

Opening Social (6 p.m.)Aloha Center

Hawai’iana New Student Service Day (8 a.m.)Aloha Center

First FridayArtWalk (5 p.m.-9 p.m.)

Island Night (9 p.m.)Aloha Center

9Devotional by

North Shore Country Market (8 a.m.-2 p.m.)

Jeffery Caneen (11 a.m.) CAC

“TheWildest Show inTown” World Fest Fall 2016 (4:30 p.m.) (8 a.m.)Aloha Center W Soccer vs..Tusculum (3 p.m.) Soccer Field

World Fest Fall 2016 (8 a.m.)Aloha Center

ATaste of Chinatown (10:30 a.m.-4:30 p.m.)

Devotional (11 a.m.) CAC

MoonWalk (8 p.m.-9 p.m.)

2016 Rugby League Festival 2016 Rugby League Festival (4 p.m.-10 p.m.) (4 p.m.-10 p.m.) Made In Hawaii Festival (9 a.m.-9 p.m.)

Made In Hawaii Festival (9 a.m.-9 p.m.) Duke’s Ocean-

Made In Hawaii Festival (9 a.m.-9 p.m.)

Duke’s Ocean-

28 Greek Festival (12 p.m.-9 p.m.)

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Devotional by Phillip McArthur (11 a.m.) CAC

Devotional by Scott McCarrey (11 a.m.) CAC

Convocation (11 a.m.) CAC

Farmer’s Market Korean Festival (10:30 a.m.)Aloha Center (10 a.m.-9 p.m.) Greek Festival WVolleyball vs..Tusculum Sr.Vocal Recital (7:30 p.m.) CAC (7:30 p.m.)Auditorium (12 p.m.-9 p.m.)

August Event Calendar School is starting again, but that doesn’t mean the fun has to end. Here are 10 events happening on Oahu this month B Y KATE P E ARSO N

North Shore Country Market

Korean Festival

A Taste of China Town

Made in Hawaii Festival

Duke’s OceanFest

Greek Festival

2016 Rugby League Festival

First Friday Art Walk

Moon Walk

WHAT: Local farmers and artists in the community sell Hawaii-made/grown fresh produce, arts and crafts, and food in an open market. WHERE: Sunset Beach Elementary School, right next to the entrance to Ehukai Pillbox hiking trail http://northshorecountrymarket.org.

WHAT: Shop ‘till you drop at the 22nd Annual Made in Hawaii Festival. Discover all things made in Hawaii from almost 400 vendors, including local books, jewelry, food, arts and crafts, plants, produce, and cooking demonstrations. WHERE: Neal Blaisdell Exhibition Hall and Arena, Honolulu COST: $5 (Free for children under 5)

WHAT: 6th Annual Western Union Ohana Cup is a two-day event including a meet and greet, cultural festival, Friday night concert (featuring Polynesian artists such as Nesian Nine) and Saturday games (NSW Police vs. Hawaii chiefs, Fiji vs. Canada, and Samoa vs. Tonga.) WHERE: Aloha Stadium, Honolulu COST: Two day passes: $40. Single event tickets: Adults – $25, Military (with ID) – $20 and Keiki (under 12 years old) – $15 Free for children under 5 years old https://ohanacup.com/

WHAT: This annual cultural celebration features food, dance, music, and art of Korea. Highlights include Kimchi eating contest and K-Pop in Paradise flash mob. WHERE: Honolulu Hale Civic Grounds COST: Free http://www.koreanfestivalhi.com/en/

WHAT: A variety of ocean sports and activities honor of legendary Hawaiian waterman Duke Paoa Kahanamoku. Enjoy surfing contests, volleyball, paddleboard racing, an ocean mile-swim, water polo, free Hawaiian music, a movie night, and a luau at Waikiki Aquarium. WHERE: Venue sites throughout Waikiki COST: Free. Some paid events require tickets http://dukesoceanfest.com/events-2016

WHAT: Explore a variety of discounted restaurants, art galleries, street vendors and shops. WHERE: Chinatown, Honolulu COST: Free

WHAT: “A culinary and cultural celebration with tastings, artisans, keiki and cultural activities and demonstrations.” WHERE: Smith Beretania Park, Chinatown, Honolulu COST: Free https://www.cidchinatownhawaii.org/

WHAT: 35th Annual Greek Festival Honolulu Hawaii will feature musicians, dancers, arts and crafts, and plenty of Greek food booths selling gyro sandwiches & Spanakopita. WHERE: McCoy Pavilion, Ala Moana Beach Park COST: $3 (or just $1 if you wear a toga.) Free for military and children under 11 http://greekfestivalhawaii.com

WHAT: Enjoy a guided stroll through Waimea Valley’s botanical gardens at night. WHERE: Waimea Valley COST: $10 or $29.95/adult with dinner buffet

“The Wildest Show in Town”

WHAT: Live local music and entertainment, children’s activities, food, and prizes. WHERE: Honolulu Zoo COST: $3 HonoluluZoo.org

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campus life

in this section A day in the life of business marketing major Cary Baldwin

Research shows disability awareness needs improvement at BYUH

A self-defense class offered by BYUH teaches principles of Aikido

Learn the myths and facts about disabilities and the people who have them

Taimana W. Tuuhia shares how his summer internship teaching English in Brazil was

BYUH Concert Choir tours all over Japan to share the gospel and promote the University

Learn the basic definitions and symptoms of common disabilities

Campus Comment: What song reminds you of your childhood?

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Cary Baldwin Marketing for business B Y SAM O N E YU E N

Above: Baldwin says business skills can be valuable for everyone, regardless of career. Photo by Keira Kim

The eldest child of eight, Cary Baldwin, a junior from Utah studying business management – marketing, said, “I think management in general is all about using information to make decisions.You don’t necessarily know how to do the math, you just have to understand what it represents to make a good decision.”

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What made you decide to study this major?

“I’ve always been interested in business. I’m kind of good at it. I competed in FBLA in high school, and I ended up doing really good in the state of Utah and went to nationals in Florida. I guess that means I’m good at it. I just always enjoyed the professional environment and talking about money, finance, and accounting.”

What makes your major unique? “I think business is universal.You can use it in anything you do. You need these skills to relate to people.”

What do you want to do with it? “I don’t have any official plan of what I want to do, but I’d love to work for a marketing firm. There is one called Anthology in Honolulu. They do a lot of work for companies here: Bank of Hawaii, Hawaiian Airlines, American Saving Bank.You could work for Bank of Hawaii in their marketing department, but working for a marketing firm would give you a lot more experience. I like always having to come up with new ideas. I like learning about different companies all the time. I’d love to do something in marketing for sure, but anything in business would be fine.”

Favorite Class “I really like my Intro to Graphic Design class. I think graphic design and marketing are really, really related. In marketing there’s the branding aspect, which I really like, and the analytical part of finding your demographic, too, which I find really interesting. I also like PJ Rogers’ sales and consumer marketing class. It was a great class. I learned a lot, and I think him as a professor made it interesting.”

Describe a typical day “I’m up early, because business classes always seem to start at 7:30 a.m. I have three or four classes every day. Then I work at the SLAS office as the public relations specialists, but pretty much I work with the design team. We make the posters, the website, and we are working on our new mobile app, OrgSync. Then I always have homework. Trying to find something to eat is a task for me. I always have to watch my YouTube videos and check my Instagram before I go to sleep.”

Number of people in the major “About 450 students are majoring in business management, and 81 are in the marketing track. There are 87 students in the supply chain track, 42 in human resource, and 60 in finance,” according to academic advisor Martha Christensen.

Time spent in a day “At least 4 hours in classes and 3 hours in homework everyday. Most business classes are lectures.”

Pros “I think presentations are valuable. I don’t necessarily like doing them, but you learn a lot. The finance classes you have to take are really valuable, personally for your life and also your job.You learn all about budgets, assets, liabilities and equity. They are important. I’ve learned a lot about how to manage my own finances from these classes.”

Cons “Statistics. I wish we didn’t have to take it, but it is required for all business majors. It is my least favorite class.”

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C ampus L i fe Jared Pere has a black belt in Aikido and teaches the selfdefense class on campus. Photo by Kelsie Carlson

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AIKIDO Using the opponent’s energy against them B Y AL E X M AL D O N AD O

BYU-Hawaii offers students the opportunity to learn the Japanese art of self-defense known as Aikido. The single-credit class is taught by Jared Pere, who has taught self-defense at BYUH for 10 years. Pere described Aikido as a martial art designed to take the energy of an aggressor’s attack and redirect it against them. “You can deal with them nicely or go hard on them and knock them down,” Pere explained. Nicole Zitto, a sophomore art major from Ka’a’awa who took his class, expressed how grateful she is to have learned the techniques Pere has taught her. Zitto said, “It doesn’t hurt to be prepared because you never know when bad stuff can happen. It can happen anywhere at any time and it could even be someone you know, so it doesn’t hurt to know how to defend yourself.” In a typical class, Pere will line the BYUH dance studio with floor mats and have students pair up to practice new techniques on one other. Most days are dedicated to learning how to escape being grabbed and bringing even the biggest attackers to their knees with a simple turn of the wrist. They also spend time learning how to throw an aggressor to the ground, safely roll out of danger’s way, and even survive a knife fight. Pere often tells his class the most important step in handling any confrontation is being able to stay calm and relaxed. “A lot of people think you have to come out kicking and punching to be effective, but that’s not necessarily true,” Pere said. “You actually think a lot clearer, you’re more accurate, and actually faster when you are relaxed. They have actually done stud-

ies in sports medicine and have found that to be true.” Pere continued, “We talk about ki or chi, [which is] your inner strength that comes from being in a relaxed state. We actually train on ways to strengthen your ki, because using that force is a lot more powerful than muscle.” Even though he teaches students how to fight, Pere said the first line of defense should always be to run away from any danger. Most of the techniques taught in Pere’s self-defense class rely very little on one’s physical, muscular strength, and instead utilize the control one has over themselves and their ki. Pere regularly says if a student is trying to muscle their partner into compliance, they are probably not doing the move correctly. Pere said he has been practicing various martial arts, including karate and judo, since before he was 10 years old. As he got older, he fell out of love with punching and kicking as a form of defense. Aikido proved to be just the fighting style he was looking for, as it is less focused on strikes and more focused on fluid movements. He and Aikido were first introduced about 20 years ago when he went to Aikido club with a friend one night. “The teacher who was there was like 70, and at his age he was still throwing people around and throwing me around. I thought, ‘I wanted to be like that when I got to that age,’” Pere recalled. After four years of practice, Pere’s teacher recommended he try and earn the rank of black belt. “I didn’t want to become a black belt

because I just wanted to stay a student. Once I became a black belt, they would want me to assist and teach, and I still felt like I had too much to learn,” Pere remembered. He resisted for two years, but he was eventually coaxed into going after the rank by his teacher. To become a black belt in Aikido, a student must have practiced for a specific amount of time, know several specific techniques, and be able to defend themselves from three attackers at once, said Pere. Upon earning the rank, Pere began to help teach classes and served as a “crash dummy” for students to throw around and practice on. Shortly after earning his rank, his teacher decided to leave the class in his hands, and he has been teaching the BYUH self-defense class ever since. Pere said the most rewarding teaching moments are when he sees the “aha moment when students get it and gain confidence in themselves and the technique.” Pere explained one of his goals for the class is to “have everyone be able to walk out of one semester being able to do something if they’re ever caught in a crunch.” For many students, the knowledge they gain in his class can mean the difference between getting hurt and getting home safe. For Cyra Olsen, a sophomore international cultural studies major from Idaho, it’s the joy that comes from being able to defend herself and not feel helpless when she’s in danger. “I feel more prepared. With the way the world is going right now, it’s good to know how to defend yourself,” Olsen explained. AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

C ampus L i fe Taimana Tuuhia lived in Recife, Brazil for seven weeks for an internship teaching English. Photo by Taimana W. Tuuhia

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An Internship Abroad Taimana W. Tuuhia gives an overview of his TESOL internship in Brazil B Y KATE P E ARSO N

Taimana W. Tuuhia has been teaching English at Instituto Brasileiro de Linguas (Brazilian Institute of Languages) in Recife over the seven-week break along with recent graduate Elizabeth Gonzalez from Utah, and senior Ernawati Suharto from Indonesia who is majoring in TESOL. Tuuhia, a senior in TESOL from Tahiti, said he heard about the opportunity from a former student, Carianne Hoshiko Hirano, who presented her internship report during a mini TESOL conference last year. Tuuhia’s role as an intern included attending trainings, observing and planning lessons, and teaching English as a foreign language. Tuuhia said he usually spends 30 hours a week teaching adults aged 30+ and working on different tasks. “I usually don’t have much time preparing the lessons before I get to teach, simply because they give us the schedule on the day,” he said. Tuuhia said he prefers working with both young and mature adults, even though the institute caters to learners as young as 5 years old and students’ English language abilities range from beginner to upper intermediate level. The hardest part of his internship was being bound to teaching solely according to the institute’s methodology. He said, “I wish I could use other approaches that in my opinion would be much more effective and relevant to students.” The logistics of setting up an internship can be daunting, but Tuuhia said he was fortunate enough to find a place to stay for free. The director of the school, who is also a member of

the LDS Church, made arrangements for him to live with an LDS family whose son is serving a mission in Argentina. Although he was situated in Boa Viagem, an area close to the beach, he said he saw only a few people swimming beyond the reef, as the water is shark filled. The city of Recife is Brazil’s fourth largest city, and is located on the northeast coast, which explains the sharks. According to Tuuhia, it is always hot, no matter the time of the year.

Brazilian food nearly always contains rice and beans. Photo by Taimana Tuuhia

“The traffic is a bit crazy and the food is pretty good. They always have holidays here in Brazil,” Tuuhia added. Tuuhia said rice and beans are common staples in Brazil and that the time of year also plays a big role in local cuisine, as he discovered in June with the celebration of Sao Joa, a festival where corn is eaten all month long. “I was okay at the beginning, but after a week I was over it. I literally had it for breakfast, lunch and dinner.”

He described his usual routine as waking up at 7.30 a.m. and having breakfast at 8 a.m., followed by morning exercise – either a run on the beach or gym time. “Across from the gym they have Casa de Acai where I usually have lunch,” Tuuhia noted. After lunch, he catches a bus to the school where Tuuhia checks in with the director or coordinator to confirm his schedule for the day, which is usually from 1:30 p.m. to 9 p.m. According to Tuuhia, food is never in short supply with snacks like coxihna (Brazilian chicken croquettes), Brazilian hot dogs, and empanadas available down the street where he and his fellow interns grab dinner before catching the bus to head back home. While Tuuhia has visited several tourist attractions on his days off, including Ricardo Brennand’s castle and Olinda, a “gorgeous” city with an amusement park, he said his highlight so far would have to be the beach. Tuuhia described going to the beach as an “interesting experience” because “you get everything on the beach and local people literally serve you.” This involves being offered a selection of drinks, and locals walking around selling shrimp and other food. “You just need to bring a few Reas (Brazilian money) to buy yourself a coconut and kick back and relax because you’re in Brazil.” Tuuhia added he is looking forward to spending a few days in Rio, the city soon hosting the 2016 Summer Olympics. Tuuhia had some simple advice for students who are planning an internship: “Make your dream come true.You only live once.” AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

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Definitions of the most common disabilities B Y B ARB ARA H O N G

An individual with a disability is defined by the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) as a person who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, a person who has a history or record of such an impairment, or a person who is perceived by others as having such an impairment. ADA does not specifically list each disability but here is a general understanding about some common conditions. Visit BYUH Disability Services for more details at https://disability.byuh.edu.

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thinking; judgment; problem-solving; sensory, perceptual, and motor abilities; psychosocial behavior; physical functions; information processing; and speech. The term does not apply to brain injuries that are congenital or degenerative, or to brain injuries induced by birth trauma.

A disorder characterized in varying degrees by difficulties in social interaction, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors.

T HE DA NGE R S OF S ELF- DIAG N O S I S

Given the ease of accessing information online these days, it is tempting to diagnose your own symptoms and avoid seeking professional assistance. The following definitions are not intended for self-diagnosis nor are they an exhaustive list of all the symptoms in each category. Self-diagnosis can be remarkably dangerous because you may miss symptoms and early signs of warning that are not always apparent. It is therefore important to discuss any mental, physical, or emotional concerns you may have with a healthcare professional rather than a friend. Even if your friend has all the right intentions and is genuinely interested in helping you, he or she may not be able to provide you with the timely treatment you need. The BYUH Counseling and Disability Services office have trained clinicians who are ready to listen to you and direct you accordingly. If you assume any of the following symptoms may be affecting you or if you know someone who may need assistance, please visit the Counseling and Disability Office website for further information at https://counseling.byuh.edu. 16

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I N TE L L E CTUAL D ISA BILITY

A hearing impairment so severe that an individual is impaired in processing linguistic information through hearing, with or without amplification.

A significantly subaverage general intellectual functioning, existing concurrently [at the same time] with deficits in adaptive behavior and manifested during the developmental period. (In February 2011: “Intellectual Disability” replaced the term “Mental Retardation” as a result of Rosa’s Law.)

T R AU M ATI C B RAI N I N JU RY

O RTH O PE D I C I M PAIR MENT

D E AF N E SS

An acquired injury to the brain caused by an external physical force, resulting in total or partial functional disability or psychosocial impairment, or both. The term applies to open or closed head injuries resulting in impairments in one or more areas, such as cognition; language; memory; attention; reasoning; abstract

A severe orthopedic impairment that includes impairments caused by a congenital anomaly, impairments caused by disease (e.g., poliomyelitis, bone tuberculosis), and impairments from other causes (e.g., cerebral palsy, amputations, and fractures or burns that cause contractures).

SPE CIFIC LEA RNI N G D I S AB I L I TY

A disorder in one or more of the basic psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, that may manifest itself in the ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations. The term includes such conditions as perceptual disabilities, brain injury, minimal brain dysfunction, dyslexia, and developmental aphasia. The term does not include learning problems that are primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities; of intellectual disability; of emotional disturbance; or of environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage.

S PE E CH O R L AN GUAGE I M PAI RM E N T

A communication disorder such as stuttering, impaired articulation, a language impairment, or a voice impairment.

ATTE N TI O N D E F I CI T/ H Y PE RACTI V I TY D I SO RD E R

A persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity-impulsivity that interferes with functioning or development, has symptoms presenting in two or more settings (e.g. at home, school, or work; with friends or relatives; in other activities), and negatively impacts directly on social, academic or occupational functioning. EMOT IO N AL / BEHAV IORA L D I S O R D E R

A condition exhibiting one or more of the following characteristics over a long period of time and to a marked degree: (a) An inability to learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors. (b) An inability to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships. (c) Inappropriate types of behavior or feelings under normal circumstances. (d) A general pervasive mood of unhappiness or depression. (e) A tendency to develop physical symptoms or fears. The term includes schizophrenia but does not apply to people who are socially maladjusted, unless it is determined that they have an emotional disturbance.

OT H E R H E ALTH I M PAI RM E N T

A condition whereby the person has limited strength, vitality, or alertness, including a heightened alertness to environmental stimuli, that results in limited alertness: (a) Is due to chronic or acute health problems such as asthma, attention deficit disorder or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, diabetes, epilepsy, a heart condition, hemophilia, lead poisoning, leukemia, nephritis, rheumatic fever, sickle cell anemia, and Tourette syndrome.

M AJO R D E PRE SSI V E DISOR DER

• Depressed mood or a loss of interest or pleasure in daily activities for more than two weeks. • Mood represents a change from the person’s baseline. • Impaired function: social, occupational, educational. • Specific symptoms, at least 5 of these 9, present nearly every day: 1.Depressed mood or irritable most of the day, nearly everyday, as indicated by either subjective report (e.g., feels sad or empty) or observation made by others (e.g., appears tearful). 2.Decreased interest or pleasure in most activities, most of each day 3.Significant weight change (5%) or change in appetite 4.Change in sleep: Insomnia or hypersomnia 5.Change in activity: Psychomotor agitation or retardation 6.Fatigue or loss of energy 7.Guilt/worthlessness: Feelings of worthlessness or excessive or inappropriate guilt 8.Concentration: Diminished ability to think or concentrate, or more indecisiveness 9.Suicidality: Thoughts of death or suicide, or has suicide plan Anxiety symptoms that may indicate depression: Irrational worry, preoccupation with unpleasant worries, trouble relaxing, feeling tense, fear that something awful might happen. If you have any questions, contact BYUH Disability Services at: McKay 181 (808) 675-3518 leilani.auna@byuh.edu

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Increasing disability awareness Disability is a general term encompassing physical, emotional, and learning impairments B Y KATE PE ARSO N

DE FIN ING DIS A BIL I TY

A recent survey on BYU-Hawaii’s faculty’s perceptions of disability conducted by BYUH Special Education professor and program coordinator Dr. Barbara Hong exposed a lack of understanding and ability to appropriately deal with students with disabilities. Out of the 123 BYUH faculty who responded to the survey, including full-time, part-time, and adjunct members, 43.5 percent gave a legally acceptable definition of a disability “and I was being lenient in my grading,” added Hong with a smile. However, according to Hong, the most concerning result from the survey was that 17 percent of those who took the survey did not give a definition at all. Results from a question on understanding campus resources for students’ academic assistance showed no difference between old and new faculty members, and 20 percent of respondents could not identify three resources to refer students to on campus. Despite these bleak results, Hong said, “Overall, BYUH faculty are very caring.” The silver lining is almost a third of faculty respondents said they want to learn more. Hong said she invites faculty to approach her with questions about instruction and is happy to provide one-on-one advice. In a follow-up survey for tutors and advisors on campus, one person out of 75 respondents got the correct definition of a learning disability. Hong explained a learning disability as having a “processing difficulty that affects the way you perceive and process information. 18

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[It] can be exhibited through reading, writing, D I SAB I L I TY SE RVI CE S spelling, and calculation.” Leilani Auna, director of Counseling and Dis Hong said the goal of her research was ability Services at BYUH and a licensed clinical not to shame anyone but to discover “how we social worker, said the two departments she can make it a better campus.” oversees are not the same. Auna stressed the To reassure teachers who are concerned importance of understanding the difference they may give too much attention to one between these two separate services and said student at the expense of the rest of the class, Counseling Services, staffed by four full-time she said increasing disability awareness for licensed clinicians and one senior missionary, everyone will benefit the whole group, includwho is also a licensed clinician, offers individuing that one person. “It’s not just about that one als confidential therapy and does not involve student,” she said. “The 99 working together students’ professors. and understanding is going to make 100 – a However, Disability Services focuses whole.” on providing necessary accommodations for Hong also said if a teacher makes imstudents with life-altering physical or mental provements in their teaching, it benefits the impairment. According to the Disability Serwhole class. “At the end of the day, quality vices Mission Statement, “Disability Services teaching is quality teaching.” exist to assist students in functioning in and In her more than 10 years of research, graduating from Brigham Young Universityincluding a study of more than 6,000 students Hawaii in spite of physical, learning, or other at Penn State University, Hong has found the challenges.” Auna also said she hopes increas“single greatest predictor of success for students ing disability awareness will debunk the myths with disabilities is faculty’s understanding.” surrounding disabilities and help people She said it tends to be college students become more open and treat each other with with disabilities who fall through the cracks, respect. which may mean dropping out of college or During the 2015 academic year, Disability taking longer to graduate. However, quoting Services recorded a total of 207 services that singer Leonard Cohen, Hong added, “There is a were done for 146 disability clients, 78.1 percrack in everything. That’s how the light gets in.” cent of whom were Caucasian and “other,” while Since BYUH is so diverse in terms of 13 percent identified as Asian, and 8.9 percent learning differences, she said it is important to as Pacific Islander. Auna suggested such cultural raise awareness of challenges and be proactive. differences may be because students from the “Don’t wait until you have a case to learn about United States are typically more familiar with it,” warned Hong, who stressed the need for the disability accommodations process they have faculty to know their own rights and the legali- usually experienced in high school. ties that protect them and help students.

Continued on page 20

Dr. Barbara Hong said she hopes to better the campus community by raising awareness on individualsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; rights and legalities concerning disability. Photo by Stop Khemthorn

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Disability Services is located across the hall from the Cafeteria. Its office also houses Counseling Services. Photo by Stop Khemthorn Continued from page 18

Auna emphasized the need for both students and faculty to realize that having a learning disability “has nothing to do with a person’s I.Q.” and “just because someone isn’t doing well in classes, it doesn’t mean they have a learning disability.” Likewise, Hong remarked that the letters L.D. (Learning Disability) “do not stand for ‘lazy’ and ‘dumb.’”

the recommended accommodations, although 13 percent reported they don’t do this – they only read the paper and file it away. The purpose of such accommodations is “not to water down curriculum,” explained Auna, “but to put students on the same level playing field.” She related an example of an alum who majored in art and had cerebral palsy. The student came to a hurdle when they had to take the required pottery class since their hands ACCO MMO DAT ION S would “scrunch up.” Auna said Disability SerDisability Accommodation is a civil right in vices found a solution by appointing an assistant the United States, said Hong. The Rehabilitato help hold the student’s hands open so they tion Act of 1973, specifically Section 504, and could shape the clay themselves, and by the the American with Disabilities Act (ADA) are end of the class, the student’s ceramic piece laws to protect students with disabilities from “was awesome.” discrimination in postsecondary educational Disabilities are about more than wheelsettings. chairs or hearing aids and are often not visible “Individuals with a physical or mental to the uninformed eye. Both Hong and Auna impairment that substantially limits a major mentioned the term ‘disability’ is an extremely life activity (such as talking, walking, mentally broad umbrella as it encompasses a diverse processing information, etc.)” are entitled to range of challenges and therefore distinct disreasonable accommodations, like help of an abilities are often hidden. American Sign Language interpreter or ex According to Hong the “big problem” is tended time for exams, according to the BYUH that people “lump everything together, don’t Disability Services website. recognize distinct categories and don’t know There are three main types of accommothe symptoms.” There is a detailed list of disdation offered by Disability Services on campus: ability classifications on the new DS website, Academic, Housing, and Food. Auna described which includes chronic pain and illness dishow these accommodations include scanners abilities, deaf and hard of hearing, emotional/ that read books out loud, a distraction-free mental health disabilities, learning disabilities and ADHD, mobility impairments, visual imroom in the Testing Center (nicknamed ‘the pairments, and temporary medical conditions. green room’), wheelchair accessibility, service or emotional support animals, and Special Diet SY M PTOM S AN D APPRO PRI ATE Plans through Food Services for those with R E S P O NSE S gluten intolerance and other food allergies. In Hong’s faculty survey, 67 percent of re- Learning Disabilities are of special interest spondents said they talk to students and make in an education setting, but they can be 20

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difficult to detect. Hong explained four basic challenges people with learning disabilities often have. Firstly, “Processing [information] takes longer because one has to break down information into smaller parts to understand what is being said or asked,” she said. Students and faculty can accommodate this challenge by allowing that person more time to process. “Working memory or short-term recall is a challenge because retention of information is weaker,” she said. Ensuring there is enough background information for students can help. “Learning can be a struggle because one does not always know what’s the best way to learn, and often has to learn through an unconventional approach,” she said. To reach more students who have various learning styles, faculty can tailor lesson plans to include multiple ways of learning. Lastly, “Executive functioning is less mature due to the lack of experience in understanding what works and does not work,” said Hong. “Help the student identify effective learning and studying strategies that are generalizable.” Whether or not these factors indicate a disability or a learning difficulty depends on whether they are substantial enough to affect a major part of the individual’s life. While respondents to the faculty survey listed qualities like patience, empathy, and flexibility as important qualities for dealing with disabilities, Hong said people often mistake caring for effective strategy. “It’s important to be self-aware so we can improve,” she said. “We are more than just a higher education institution,” Hong added. “We want to give students the best experience.”

DISABILITY MYTHS & FACTS

Mental illness is the same as mental retardation.

People with disabilities are not reliable.

The two are distinct disorders. A mental retardation diagnosis is characterized by limitations in intellectual functioning and difficulties with certain daily living skills. In contrast, people with mental illnesses— health conditions that cause changes in a person’s thinking, mood, and behavior—have varied intellectual functioning, just like the general population.

People with disabilities tend to remain on the job and maintain better levels of attendance.

People with disabilities are inspirational, courageous and brave for overcoming their disability.

Disabilities are always visible. Many people have invisible disabilities. Examples of invisible disabilities include learning disabilities, various medical disabilities, mental impairments and disorders, etc. Also, you may not be able to tell just by looking at a person that they are visually impaired or deaf, for example. Do not make assumptions about a person’s abilities.

People with disabilities are simply carrying on normal activities of living when they drive to work, go grocery shopping, pay their bills, or compete in athletic events.

People with disabilities can only do simple,

People with mental illnesses are violent and

People with disabilities have a variety of skills to offer, which differ from individual to individual, as with everyone else.

unpredictable. In reality, the vast majority of people who have mental health needs are no more violent than anyone else.You probably know someone with a mental illness and don’t even realize it.

Non-disabled people are obligated to “take care of” people with disabilities or people with disabilities always need help. Many people with disabilities are independent. Anyone may offer assistance, but most people with disabilities prefer to be responsible for themselves. If you would like to help someone with a disability, ask if he or she needs it before you act.

People with disabilities live very different lives than people without disabilities. Overall, people with disabilities live the same as you and I. Although, some ways of doing things may be a little bit different depending on the type and severity of the disability. For example, someone with limited use of their arms and legs can drive, but their car will be fitted with hand controls for gas and brakes and possibly a special handle to grip on the steering wheel.

repetitive jobs or can only do light duty work.

People with learning disabilities who can’t use proper grammar are not very bright. The nature of a learning disability is such that the person performs at an average to above average level in all levels of functioning except for one or two specific areas. Therefore, a person’s ability to write a grammatically correct sentence is independent of their ability to create and organize thoughts.

Persons with hearing disabilities can read lips. Lip-reading skills vary among people who use them and are never entirely reliable.

Most people with cerebral palsy are less intelligent than the general population. CP does not itself affect a person’s intelligence. However, at times a person may have CP and another disability, such as a Developmental Disability that affects intellectual functioning.

All information from http://www.in.gov/ and http://www.michigan.gov/

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Campus Life

Spirit felt by both listeners & singers during Japan tour C o n c e r t C h o i r p e r f o r m s f r o m n o r t h o f H o k k a i d o t o s o u t h o f O k i n aw a creating life-changing inspirational friendships and memories BY J OS HUA M AS O N

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The BYU-Hawaii Concert Choir performs in the Tokyo Opera City Concert Hall, ranked in the top 10 best concert halls in the world according to The Guardian. Photos by Katrina Johanson

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Sapporo

Sendai

Tokyo Kyoto Hiroshima

Osaka

Okinawa

he BYU-Hawaii Concert Choir traveled all around Japan using song to teach that people may be from many nations, but they are one family. The choir visited the southernmost prefecture of Okinawa, the northernmost prefecture of Hokkaido, and many cities in between from June 15-24. Michael Johanson, managing director of Communications and Advancement at BYUH, said the performance tour had three purposes. “First, to increase the spiritual well-being of Latter-day Saints in the areas visited; second, to change lives through music, service, and proclaiming the gospel; and third, to be ambassadors for the university and share the benefits of attending the university.” CONCERT S TOU CH H E ART S

The Concert Choir performed in the following cities in order: Naha, Hiroshima, Osaka, Sapporo, Sendai, and Tokyo. It performed in a single musical fireside in Sendai. Erik Winegar, a senior from Utah studying business management and a Tenor II in the choir, served his mission in the Japan Sapporo Mission from 2010 to 2012. He said 24

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there is a prophecy made by President Henry B. Eyring concerning Japan. “[President Eyring] said a great work will happen in Japan that will astonish not only the people in Japan but also people in the entire world,” said Winegar. “He talked all about the amazing work that members will do in Japan. Whether it was about conversions or baptisms I’m not sure, but basically the world will be surprised at how good the Japanese members are.” Winegar said he believes the tour was part of fulfilling that prophecy. People cried during the fireside in Sendai, according to Winegar. “There’s an old member, Sawa, who was the second member in the Sendai area baptized after the war in 1945. He had tears pouring down his face during the fireside and said he wished we could come back every single week.” The choir members said they focused on helping the people feel the Spirit wherever they went. Michael Belnap, the choir conductor, said this year’s choir was one of his favorite because they were filled with the Spirit. He told the choir, “If you work with the Spirit to create great music, great things will happen.”

Ai Domon, a senior vocal music major from Japan and a Soprano I, said the concerts helped members, less-active members, and non-members. She said, “My parents, who are members, seemed overjoyed from the music and were more determined to do the work.” Domon’s parents helped organize the concert in Sapporo, her hometown. She said her parents were so empowered by the music, they decided to go all the way to Tokyo for the final concert. “In Sendai,” said Domon, “I saw one friend who is less-active, and I didn’t expect her to be at the fireside. She told me that she felt the Spirit, which was great because she hasn’t been to church in a long time.” Sai Balenacagi, a senior from Fiji studying biology education and an Alto I, said her favorite moments of the tour were “looking into the crowd and seeing tears fill up in the eyes of the listeners as they felt the spirit of the music we sung. Moments like these confirmed that we were doing what we were called here to do.” Chris Cornelison, a senior from Hau’ula studying English and a Tenor I, said he loved being able to interact with the people after the

Natahli Fetner teaches Ritsumeikan High School choir students the chorus of “Aloha ‘Oe.” Photos by Katrina Johanson

concerts. He also said despite mistakes made while performing, the Spirit touched everyone’s heart because of the receptiveness of the Japanese people. “They’re so grateful, welcoming, and open to the Spirit, which made it easier for the Spirit to be there. It wasn’t even us performing, but their willingness to create that exchange and feel the Spirit.” Cornelison said his favorite song was “Hana Wa Saku,” which translates to “the flowers will bloom.” The song was written after the 2011 earthquake and tsunami to give hope to the Japanese people. “It was my favorite because of how significant it was for them… It’s a song about flowers being able to bloom even out of adversity,” he said. “I think the Spirit was able to come across more clearly because we were singing in their language.” Domon said she believed the tour was a great way to teach the people of Japan about Jesus Christ. “Because we are Christian school students, we sang about Jesus Christ, but most Japanese don’t know about Jesus Christ. It was so great to be able to share our faith through music.” Domon said Shintoism and Buddhism

are the most popular religions in Japan, both of which do not include worshipping Jesus Christ. However, Shinto elders requested the choir to perform at the Meiji Shrine. This was very significant, said Jarek Buss, a recent graduate in political science from Wyoming, a Bass II, and the tour planner, since the only people allowed inside of the inner precinct are important world leaders or political figures. According to Belnap, elders of the shrine attended a Mormon Tabernacle Choir concert in Salt Lake City in the early 1900s and loved the song “Come, Come Ye Saints.” By the elders’ request, the choir sang it at the shrine in 2004, making them the first Christian group to ever perform in the inner precinct of the shrine. This year’s choir was the second group to perform there. Buss said, “It’s all possible because of the contacts the church has. Really it’s just a part of building a relationship that the church has had with them for years.” V I S I T I N G SCH O O L S

In addition to the concerts, the choir also visited two schools: the Kozaki Elementary School in Hiroshima and Ritsumeikan High School

in Sapporo. At Kozaki, the choir performed a few of the songs from its selection. Buss also gave a presentation to teach the students about Hawaii and BYUH. After the choir performed, the elementary school students sang a Japanese song that left many choir members in tears. Afterwards, the choir members were assigned to specific 5th and 6th grade classes to help the elementary students practice their English. The choir members gave the elementary students leis made by children from the Mililani Hawaii Stake specifically for students in Japan, explained Belnap. The leis contained notes saying things like “You are a child of God” and “Aloha from Hawaii.” At Ritsumeikan High School, the BYUH choir visited with students in the school’s choir. Both choirs exchanged musical numbers. The BYUH Concert Choir taught the students the chorus to “Aloha ‘Oe.” During the Sapporo concert that night, the high school students were invited to come on stage and sing the song with the choir at the end of the concert. Continued on page 28

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The choir visited the Kinkaku-ji, or â&#x20AC;&#x153;Golden Pavilion,â&#x20AC;? a Buddhist temple in Kyoto. Photo by Katrina Johanson

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Continued from page 25

TOURI NG HISTORIC S I T E S

When the choir members weren’t performing or traveling from city to city, they visited famous places, such as the Okinawa Churaumi Aquarium in Okinawa, which Buss said he had always wanted to visit. In Hiroshima, they visited the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Park and Museum, the site dedicated to the World War II bombing of Hiroshima. The choir sang “Holding Hands Around the World” at the Children’s Peace Monument, where they also hung up 1,000 paper cranes they made with the local YSA ward. Connor Cline, an undecided sophomore from Ohio and a Tenor I, said the memorial had a profound effect on him. While in Hiroshima, the choir also visited the Itsukushima Shrine on Miyajima Island, which has a floating gate in the water and deer that walked around among the people. In Osaka, the choir visited Osaka Castle, the site of an important siege in Japanese history. After its final concert in Tokyo, the choir had two days to go sight-seeing in Kyoto. The choir members visited the Toei Kyoto Studio 28

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Park, the Kinkaku-ji “Golden Pavilion,” Monkey Mountain, and the Fushimi Inari Shrine that is famous for its 1,000 gates. P L AN N I N G AN D LO GI STI CS

This choir tour was different than previous tours, said Buss, who went on the previous two tours, to Hong Kong and Taiwan in 2010 and to New Zealand and Australia in 2013. The main difference was the choir used public transportation instead of a private tour bus. “Because of the public transportation,” explained Buss, “we had more downtime so people were able to stay healthy and do some of their own exploring.” Buss said he has been planning the Japan tour since April 2015. “The train passes were probably the same price as renting a tour bus, but we wouldn’t have been able to get everywhere as fast as we did. Because we were relying on public transportation, we had all these crazy transfers,” said Buss. When the choir traveled from Okinawa to Hiroshima, it flew by plane, rode the bullet train, took a local train, dropped off the bags at the hotel, took another train to a different

station, and then took a taxi to the community center for the performance. Buss smiled, “What we did had never been done before. The choir was really responsible.” Johanson explained the work behind preparing for a tour. “There is a committee that coordinates the tours for the Church Educational System, and we meet each year to plan where to go around the world. We plan three-to-four years in advance and work with the Area Presidencies of the church to determine where the most good can be done by the performing groups from BYU, BYU– Hawaii and BYU–Idaho. Once an area has been approved by the committee and the Area Presidency, organizers at the university are connected with organizers in the area where the tour will take place and the tour begins to take shape.” Buss, who works for University Communications as a public relations specialist, said after a suggestion from the Asia North Area office, “eventually we settled on not going to Korea so we could visit parts of Japan that had never been visited before, like Okinawa and Sapporo. We’re the first CES group to

Left: Choir students make paper cranes with members of the Hiroshima YSA branch to hang up at the Children’s Peace Monument. Right: Male choir members perform a Samoan slap dance. Photos by Katrina Johanson

visit Okinawa. Usually the groups go in to the major cities and then head to Korea. Even Hiroshima and Sendai are places that don’t normally get visited.” “It’s been 12 years since we’ve been to Japan and Korea, and both countries are a major part of BYU-Hawaii,” said Buss. “The BYU Wind Symphony toured Japan and Korea last summer and they spent an extensive amount of time in Korea.” Buss said he believes this is why the Asia North office had the choir focus on Japan. “On this specific tour,” Johanson said, “meetings with young adults were intentionally planned to connect BYU–Hawaii students with those who either have attended or might want to in the future.” The Concert Choir attended a YSA branches both Sundays it was in Japan, first in Hiroshima and then in Tokyo. “At the very minimum, all the young people came away with a larger perspective of the church and how the Lord runs his work through his children in every land,” said Johanson.

INFLUENCE ON CHOIR MEMBERS Samo Workman, a Kahuku High School graduBYUH President John Tanner and Sister Susan ate and a Bass II who took the choir class at Tanner met up with the choir in Sapporo. The BYUH while in high school, said he would Tanners attended the Sapporo concert, the Sen- never forget the experiences he had on the tour. dai fireside, and then left the morning after the “The tour was one of those things that is just final Tokyo concert. Both said they were “blown going to make the highlight reel of my life a lot away” by the Concert Choir’s music. cooler and more meaningful. The experiences I Sister Tanner told the choir, “John and I had were so new to me culturally, and yet they cannot praise you enough, and we want you to reinforced for me the universality of the spirit accept that humbly.You have talents and gifts that we were trying to spread, and that was life that you have given in service to others and as changing,” he said. representatives of not only our university but Balenacagi said the tour also changed her of Jesus Christ.” life. “I have truly gained a testimony of how the President Tanner told the choir he besong of the righteous is a prayer unto God,” she lieved the tour would influence the members said. “I realize how music can affect the soul, of the choir even more than the people of and so I’m more cautious about the music I Japan. “I was thinking, ‘What is the purpose? listen to now. I don’t act naïve and ignore the Why do we do this?’ Probably the long-term lyrics anymore just because it’s got a good beat. impact will be less on the people who hear “I also realized that no matter where we you and more on you,” he said. “I suspect on are from in the world, we all feel the same your dying day you’ll remember this tour, struggle, feel the same pain, hurt the same way. and it will have a positive influence. The Being born in a different country or brought ripple effects in your life will go on and on. up by certain cultures do not make us different Sometime when you’re having trials, you’ll or make us superior…it just means we were look back and remember this shining mouniquely chosen to face challenges in life that ment in your life.” we alone are best suited for.” AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

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CAMPUS COMMENT B Y S A M A NT H A DAY NE S

PHOTO S B Y STO P K H E M T H O R N

What’s a song that reminds you of your childhood?

“Bye Bye Bye” by NSync “Me and my cousin used to dance to it. We would choreograph a lot of dances and just have fun.” - Marley Bartram, a freshman from Ohio without a major.

“Who Let The Dogs Out?” by Baha Men “My little sister would always sing that on our way to school.” - Ty Whittaker, a freshman from California studying biochemistry.

“You Are More” by Tenth Avenute North “I like the lyrics of the song. It reminds me of my past experiences growing up in Samoa.” - Luafalealii Sua, a sophomore from Samoa studying social work.

The “Maisy Mouse” theme song “It’s a British cartoon. I watched that a lot when I was little, almost every day.” - Steven Chen, a freshman from Taiwan studying business.

“Na Bu Ko Drau A Solia” “That’s the song we usually sing during new year and holidays. We sing it all the time.”Emele Taivei, a junior from Fiji studying social work.

The “Spongebob Squarepants” theme song “I watched Spongebob all the time as a kid.” Tyler Morgan, a sophomore from Washington studying biomedicine.

“Your Song” by Elton John “As a kid I always idolized that song. I never knew it was by Elton John. When I was in 6th grade, our chorus teacher sang it for us and I was like, ‘That’s it! That’s the song I love!’” Velora Huntsman, a sophomore from California studying marine biology.

“Long Way Back” by Joe Kema “It reminds me of home because it’s a mix of pidgin and English. It’s a song that guys from my country will sing.” - Sammy Alex Omui, a junior from Papua New Guinea studying Pacific island studies.

“Hakuna Matata” from “The Lion King” “I just loved watching ‘The Lion King’ as a kid. When I was little, we just watched Disney movies every weekend. It’s one of my favorite memories.” - Iris Woo, a junior from Hong Kong studying marine biology.

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Religion

in this section Take a step into the Hindu way of life with Sundarananda Das from Honolulu

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Religion

Hinduism: The religion of 33 million demigods H i n d u s b e l i eve t h e e a s e o f t h e i r n e x t l i f e o n E a r t h d e p e n d s o n h ow we l l t h ey s e r ve d K r i s h n a i n t h i s o n e BY A LEX MAL D O N AD O

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A Hindu devotee dances during the Rath Yatra, or chariot festival, in Kolkata, India. Photo by AP

induism, a religion popular in Southern Asia, has spread across continents and oceans throughout the world. The Hare Krishna Temple of Honolulu offers spiritual refuge to the Hindus of Oahu. Hinduism is characterized by a belief system built upon concepts of karma, reincarnation, and serving God along with his 33 million demigods, according to Sundarananda Das, president of the Hare Krishna Temple of Honolulu. “There is a demigod for everything,” Das explained. “There’s one for rain, the ocean, and so on. It is almost impossible to please all of them at once. The only way to make them all happy without offending any of them is by serving God, whose name is Krishna.” Das said serving Krishna is one of the best ways to improve one’s karma, which he said is a divine record of the good and bad one does in life. If a person spends most of their life being morally upright, helping others, and glorifying God, they can expect to be reincarnated into an easier, happier life on earth after they die. If that person chooses to live selfishly and sinfully, they will be reincarnated into a lesser life form such as a pig or a dog, according to Das. Jayaram V, an author specializing in Indian religions, philosophy, and spirituality wrote, “According to Hinduism, a soul reincarnates again and again on Earth until it becomes perfect and reunites with [God]. A being has to live many lives and undergo many experiences before it attains perfection and becomes one with the divine.” Continued on page 34 AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

R eli g i on

Indian Hindu devotees participate in the annual festival of Rath Yatra. Photo by AP Continued from page 33

Das indicated that there is no global hierarchy in the Hindu faith. Rather, there are different stages of spirituality one can ascend. The base level classification he gave was called kanishta adhikari, which is a category for people without faith in anything. The next step up is called madhama adhikari, for people who have faith in God but still pursue earthly things. Spirituality is not a top priority at this stage. The top group Das spoke of is known as utama adhikari. The utama adhikari are, as Das explained, “Capable of seeing everything as created by God. They are very sober, very humble. They cannot be agitated by anything and they are totally concentrated on God. Utama adhikari have totally dedicated their lives to serving God.” Once one reaches the stage of utama adhikari, they will no longer be reincarnated after death, but will be removed from this world and will be eternally connected with God, Das explained. According to Das, becoming an utama adhikari is available to people of all faiths and religions. He expounded further: “Our religion teaches that Krishna is everywhere and in everything, which means worshipping any type of god is good because Krishna is the source of it.” 34

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Similar to the LDS faith, Hindus live by a series of restrictions and guidelines given to them to improve their health and spirituality. Stephen Roser, a Hindu author, said many practicing Hindus choose to live a vegetarian lifestyle because of the belief that all spirits, whether they be human or animal, are equal. Das added that many believe if they eat a certain type of meat, they will be reincarnated as that type of animal in their next lives. Other restrictions Das mentioned include the prohibition of drugs, tobacco, alcohol, gambling, or premarital sex. These teachings, along with many other points of Hindu doctrine, come from a series of scriptures known as the Four Vedas, according to www.iskconeducationalservices.org. The first Veda is called the Rig Veda, and is believed to be the oldest of the four. The Rig Veda is considered the most important and is divided into 10 books called mandalas. It also contains 1,028 hymns in praise of various deities. The second is called the Yajur Veda, which is a priestly handbook used to perform sacrifices known as yajnas. The third is the Sama Veda. The Sama Veda is made up of chants and melodies to be sung during worship and the performance of yajnas.

The final Veda known as the Atharva Veda contains hymns, mantras, and incantations used outside of yajna ceremonies. Another book of scripture Das described is the Bhagavad Gita. Das said the book is a part of a larger Hindu volume of scripture known as the Mahabharata. The name Gita means ‘song of God,’ which is what the book represents. Practicing Hindus will often visit a Hindu temple such as the Hare Krishna Temple of Honolulu for a long day of worship starting at 3 a.m. Das said the day begins with a shower, followed by a 3:30 a.m. meditation which lasts for one hour. After their meditation, Hindus will spend the rest of the day worshipping Krishna and other deities through prayer and food offerings until 7 p.m. According to Das, some members choose to live as communities in Hindu temples and live by this strict schedule every day, while most Hindus only visit and follow this worship schedule once or twice per week. According to the Pew Research Center, there were more than 1 billion Hindus in the world in 2010, making Hinduism the third largest religion behind Islam and Christianity. For more information about Hinduism, visit: www.iskcondesiretree.com or www.iskconeducationalservices.org.

lifestyle

in this section Learn how to make Chicken Lomi from the Philippines

Yurts on Oahu are become an alternative to living in a traditional house

North Shore Tacos in Hauâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC;ula used fresh-caught local fish in their signature fish tacos

Traveling is a way to gain knowledge unteachable in a classroom setting

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Lifestyle

Recipe: Chicken Lomi C y n t l e a B a l u c o s e x p l a i n s h ow t o m a ke this common dish from the Philippines, w h i c h s h ow s t h e c o u n t r y â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s c u l t u r e BY KAT E P EAR S O N

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With over 70 different countries represented on campus, BYU-Hawaii offers a huge variety of food cultures to discover. We decided to embark on our own food journey by asking BYUH students to show us how to make dishes from their home countries. Stay posted for more recipes from around the world. Photo by Stop Khemthorn

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L i fe st y le

Food Facts

Q&A with Cyntlea Balucos

Marinate = soak, immerse, bathe Sauté = fry quickly in a small amount of oil or fat over high heat masarap = tasty in Tagalog

What is Filipino food like?

• • •

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Filipino cuisine is influenced by a variety of ethnic groups, including Chinese, Spanish, and Malay. Filipinos traditionally eat with their hands or a spoon and fork. Balut, a delicacy and common street food in the Philippines, is a developing bird embryo. Peel back the shell and eat with a pinch of salt! Other popular Filipino dishes include lumpia (spring rolls,) leche flan (a caramel custard,) and adobo (a main dish of marinated meat, seafood or vegetables,) according to Cyntlea Balucos and www.tripadvisor.com.

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“Filipino food is similar with Chinese food. We share the same dishes, for example Siomai (dumplings) and Siopao (steamed buns). However, we also have our very own Filipino foods. Each tribe in the Philippines has their own special dish that is unique.”

What characterizes Filipino food?

According to Balucos, it’s “more tasty” in the Philippines. “We also want exotic tastes, like cooking chicken inside the bamboo and eating exotic foods like frog, snake, worm, grasshopper, pig’s blood, chicken and pig intestine, and the famous balut, or chicken embryo.”

What role does food and cooking play in your culture? “It is very important in our culture. It is a sign of courtesy to our visitors if we feed them when they visit us. We also have “fiestas,” and it means lots and lots of food – more than you can ever eat. The visitors can take home some food. Sharing food to our neighbor is also part of our culture.”

The finished dish of chicken lomi is meant to be eaten by dipping bread in it. Photo by Stop Khemthorn

Ingredients

Instructions

Chicken breast (pack of 4 cuts with the bone for more flavor) 1 pack miki noodles (thick dried noodles made of egg or wheat) 2/3 cloves of garlic 1 Tbs. Corn starch or flour 3 eggs (beaten) Half head of cabbage 2 large carrots 1 red onion 1 bunch green onions 1 cube chicken broth Half a packet Ginisa (stir-fry) seasoning Cooking oil

1. Chop all of the vegetables. 2. Heat cooking oil in a large pot. 3. Sauté the onion and garlic until browned. 4. Add all of the chicken pieces and seasoning. Stir fry for 10 minutes. 5. Pour in 3 cups of water with 1 broth cube, then cover with a lid and boil on

high heat for 10-15 min. 6. Add noodles, re-cover and cook for 3-5 min. 7. Add chopped cabbage and carrots. 8. Dissolve flour/corn starch in water to thicken soup and add to pot. Let it boil for 5 more minutes. 9. Stir in egg mixture and re-cover. Keep on high heat for a few minutes to allow soup to thicken. 10. Turn off heat, add green onion, put the lid back on and leave for 2 or 3 min. “Then serve with a smile!” said Balucos.

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L i fe st y le Yurts are circular dwellings that connect residents to nature. Photo by http:// ohanayurts.com/

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Natural Living: Yurts on the North Shore O h a n a Yu r t s f o u n d e r s s ay h e a l t h b e n e f i t s a c c o m p a ny y u r t l i v i n g B Y TAYLO R P O L SO N

Yurts, traditional dwellings originating in Central Asia, are trending, eco-friendly housing options within the lush hills of Oahu’s North Shore thanks to the company Ohana Yurts. Ohana Yurts was founded by Nathan Toler and Jenny Useldinger in 2009, reported the Huffington Post. The business was partly inspired by the Positive Energetics Foundation Inc., which specializes in the holistic treatment and prevention of disease, according to www. positiveenergeticsfoundation.org. Useldinger said, “At Ohana Yurts, we are trying to take the hippyishness out of the yurt and marry it with all of the modern things that people love; their Wi-Fi, their big screen TVs, full-size appliances.” In addition to that, she also said yurts can help fill the yearning people have to get back to their roots and have meaning in their lives. Useldinger and Toler said they wanted to provide practical housing to the Oahu community that doesn’t isolate its occupiers from nature. Rather than pay expensive shipping fees to transport building materials from the U.S. Mainland to Hawaii, residents can order locally made yurts, says www.ohanayurts.com. “It’s a movement that we were never intending to happen on a large scale,” said Useldinger. “People were seeing Nathan due to cancer and stress…that was the precursor to pretty much all of it. This is a great escape from all of that,” she explained. Yurt-living can appeal to those who appreciate nature, the outdoors, and simple living. Gerald Ericksen, a senior from Utah majoring in university studies, said, “I think living in a

yurt would be a good way to live a little closer to the land and be able to get somewhat ‘off the grid’ while still having a stable and decent place to live. Also, it seems a bit more eco-friendly and would make it so you’d have to be more conscious of the way you are living.” The company’s website reads, “Our location on the North Shore has also grown Ohana Yurts into an advocate for a more sustainable Hawai‘i.Yurts are inherently environmentally friendly, and our dedication to promoting a healthy island environment is pushing yurts to the next level.” Toler has been invited to speak at the Hawaiian Congress about sustainable living and alternative eco-housing this month, according to Useldinger. Last year, Ordinance 15-Bill 20 was passed in the City and County of Honolulu for the purpose of establishing “accessory dwelling unites as a permitted use in all residential zoning districts, to encourage and accommodate the construction of accessory dwelling unites, increase the number of affordable rental unites and alleviate the housing shortage in the City, and to establish land use standards for those accessory dwelling units,” according to governmental website. The passing of Ordinance 15-Bill 20 has made yurts a more practical and legally viable housing option for people in search of housing on Oahu. Cameron Tidwell, a senior from Arizona majoring in international cultural studies and co-founder of CT Decorative Finishes, has been recruited by Ohana Yurts to decorate the interior of a yurt. That yurt will be revealed

through 6 episodes on the DIY Network TV series “Love Yurts,” which premiers Fall 2016. Tidwell began his work in Gilbert, Ariz., where one of his best friends got him on a team to do decorative designs in the Gilbert temple. After his work in Arizona, he was invited to work on temples across the nation including temples in Fort Lauderdale, Flor., and Ogden, Utah then eventually spread his talents to the southern hemisphere where he was a part of the decorative designs team for temples in Buenos Aires and Córodoba, Argentina. Tidwell served as the project manager for his work in the Trujillo, Peru temple. “After completing the job in Peru, one of the largest contractors in South America and the representative from the church sat me down and invited me to start my own company,” Tidwell stated. Because of the recommendations he received, his company is now one of about six companies in the world that are approved to do decorative work on LDS temples. “They invited me to do a Moroccan- or Balinese-inspired design on the centerpiece of the yurt,” said Tidwell. “It’s kind of in the middle of the building. I searched Moroccan mandalas and looked through a bunch of shapes and types of styles that are used in those designs, and from that we created a design that could go around the center of the ceiling.” Ohana Yurts has already been featured in season 2, episode 1 of HGTV’s series “Tiny House, Big Living.” For more information about Ohana Yurts, visit www.ohanayurts.com. AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

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FOOD REVIEW

North Shore Tacos B Y DA XO N LEV I N E

The North Shore Tacos burrito comes in a variety of meats and is served with either rice and beans or chips and salsa. Photos by Hector Periquin and Zachary Konecki.

North Shore Tacos boasts some of the best fish tacos in all of Hawaii. Located at 54-296 Kamehameha Highway in Hau‘ula, North Shore Tacos blends Mexican food with Oahu surf culture, and is open seven days a week, 11 a.m. to 9 p.m. The founding of North Shore Tacos began with Joseph “Joey” Fullmer, who said he came to Hawaii from Utah to visit his sisters who had married into Polynesian families. In 2008, Fullmer said he moved to the island permanently and started his own construction company, “Fullmer Brothers Construction.” Eventually, he said he decided to open up a restaurant as well. “I grew up cooking. I have a big family, 12 brothers and sisters. So I was cooking a lot with my mom,” said Fullmer. “I’ve always loved cooking. As a single dad with three kids, I was always doing the cooking for them. I woke up one day and said ‘I think I’d like to start a restaurant’ and that’s what we did.” In 2010, Fullmer converted the old Kentucky Fried Chicken restaurant in Hau‘ula to North Shore Tacos, and said he did many of the renovations himself, including a stonework mosaic of the Hawaiian Islands on the front desk. As co-owner, he runs the Hau‘ula location, as well as its expansion, a food truck at Shark’s Cove, with his girlfriend Elen Atlas from Brazil.

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“We make everything very fresh and we make some of the best fish tacos in Hawaii,” said Fullmer. Its fish tacos have been named #1 by Sunset Magazine according to the North Shore Tacos website. “Our fish is definitely very fresh. We get our fish from a local fisherman,” said Silvia De Oliveira, a manager at North Shore Tacos and BYU-Hawaii alumna from Brazil. Oliveira said all the fish they serve comes from Ken’s Fresh Fish in Hau‘ula. “Everything is home-cooked. We make everything from scratch. Our salsas are from scratch, our beans are from scratch, rice, meat—everything is from scratch. That sets a nice high bar.” Ryan Hagen, North Shore Tacos cashier from California, said, “I don’t think that there’s any other fish taco that competes.” Additionally, the restaurant is known for its sweet pork quesadillas, pineapple salsa and nachos, caramel coconut flan, and a pineapple tiki drink. Hagen, slated to return to BYU-Hawaii in the Fall Semester to continue studying business management as a sophomore, said, “Joey is a great, great boss. He’s hilarious. He’s really cool. He doesn’t really micromanage, which I like. He lets the managers run the roost. My job is nothing fancy,” Hagen continued. “I’m a cashier. I don’t cook. I do cold side: the lettuce, the pico de gallo, the sauce. But I love the people here. It’s like a big family. We all watch out for each other. When someone gets sick, we take care of each other.”

Joey Fullmer and Elen Atlas run North Shore Tacos together. Photo by Hector Periquin

First Name

Overall Quality

Average Price

Favorite Dish

Great food! A taste of America and Mexico with a surfer vibe. I love the sweet pork quesadillas. Only thing I wish that they’d do like events or something that they can reach BYUH and community people more often.

Michelle

$15 (plates)

Sweet pork quesadillas

I LOVE North Shore Tacos!!! It’s great! Sure it is $10 like any meal, but the food is pretty good and there really isn’t anything else like it around. I hear the sweet pork is great, but I usually get chicken with anything. The chicken doesn’t actually have all that much flavour, but their surf sauce is great and makes up for it. They also have this hot sauce they have set out in coke bottles that is great! Nothing there is spicy though, but with the sauces great flavours!

William

$10 (plates)

Chicken Nachos

Their horchata literally changed my life, and I have never tasted a better fish taco. It’s also a great place to talk politics, which is what I did there.

Hannah

$10 (plates)

Horchata

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L i fe st y le Egbert has traveled to 24 different countries in the last eight to nine years. Photo by Kelsie Carlson

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Getting more than stamps on a passport Samuel Egbert exemplifies gaining an education of empathy through travel B Y E RI C H ACH E N B E RGE R

Traveling through Europe, South America, the Caribbean, the Middle East, and North America has been his “biggest form of education,” said Samuel Egbert, a graduate in hospitality and tourism management from Utah. Such travel experiences gave him skills for establishing peace, said Executive Director of the Center of Hospitality and Tourism David Preece. Preece said, “There probably is no better way to get to know the world around you and people and cultures that are different than yours than travel. Travel is the best way to see and experience firsthand other ways of living and thinking and even believing.” There are more than a billion people who travel every year, according to Preece, and Egbert is one of them. He said in the past eight to nine years he has been to 24 different countries. “Every ounce of money I get, I save and put it towards travel.” He added Morocco and Iceland to the list after graduating. Egbert said his urge to travel and experience the foreign and unknown has been with him as long as he can recall. “I remember back in second grade, instead of going out to recess a couple times a week, I would stay in and look at maps and read books about other countries. I was obsessed with foreign countries. I remember reading a book about Chinese people and how I couldn’t get over that their eyes looked different from others.” Preece said, “I think fundamentally what it comes down to for leisure travel is curiosity. Curious people are interested in travel.”

Travel is more accessible than ever in the 21st Century because of globalization. “The ability to go places is so much easier,” said Egbert. “When my mom was my age, she had never been outside of Utah. It was expensive and the freeway system wasn’t good. They didn’t hear about other places so they didn’t care about other places. But nowadays, we hear about the whole world through the news and the internet.” THE NEED TO SEE THE OTHER SIDE Preece said, “One of the really important aspects of travel, in addition to becoming more familiar with other places and people, is that it can be a force for peace. As you travel and get to know other forms of governments and living, even if it is a place that may have a natural competition with your own country, it personalizes the place and it makes it less likely that people are going to fight with each other.” Benjamin Garcia, a BYUH alumnus from Mexico and Egbert’s former roommate, said, “You can learn much by reading. However, it is not the same when you experience it firsthand.” While living in Israel, Egbert found himself adopting the local pro-Jewish sentiment. “There are big stereotypes about that place, about safety and people,” he said. During his time at the BYU Jerusalem Center, he said, “One experience completely changed how I felt about the Muslims and humbled me. Some friends and I were down at the Kedron Valley and the Mount of Olives

when a couple of kids came up picking olives. They came up to us because they wanted to practice their English.” Although he first thought they would either pickpocket them or ask for money, one of the boys invited them to their homes. Egbert thought it was a trap. But the boy insisted, saying, as Egbert remembered, “I would be very offended if you would not accompany me home and meet my parents.” With some fear, Egbert and his friends followed along and met the boy’s family. The parents didn’t speak any English, but the eldest son was brought in to translate. “The father greeted us with a kiss and they wanted to know more about us. We spent a couple of hours with them, and they eventually fed us dinner. They invited us every week after that. We even went for the mom’s birthday party. We got such a close relationship with that family!” Egbert said. When he and the family talked about the stereotypes of news broadcasts in Europe and the United States, Egbert remembered the mother rolling her eyes, saying, “We are good people. We are just trying to live happy lives.” As a parting gift, the eldest son, a jeweler, forged Egbert a ring. “He asked me what lessons I learned while in Jerusalem. I responded, ‘Courage from the Jews and dedication from the Muslims.’” The ring reads dedication in Arabic on one side and courage in Hebrew on the other. Garcia had a similar experience on a recent internship in Haiti. “You read about Haiti, Continued on page 46 AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

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Egbert wears his custom ring given to him by the son of a Muslim family. One side reads “dedication” in Arabic and the other reads “courage” in Hebrew. Photo by Kelsie Carlson

“Life begins at the end of your comfort zone.” -Neale Donald Walsch, author Continued from page 45

and on Google they will show you earthquakes, poverty, famine and medical problems, but when you are there, you become one of them. The media doesn’t really portray what is happening. Yes it is bad, but I met people who, despite those problems, were the most genuine, grateful people I have ever met in my life. They were so tied to their families and religions. They didn’t have expensive cars. They slept on the floor, but they were grateful for what they had. That is something the media doesn’t tell you unless you are there by yourself.” Egbert said while traveling, “the biggest thing is following the golden rule. Other people are human too.” While on his internship at a hotel, Egbert said he had to deal with frustrated managers and employees and was able to listen, understand and communicate the conflict properly on common ground. “But that didn’t happen until I saw them as humans. I learned that as a tour guide [at the Polynesian Cultural Center.] In the future, I definitely want to apply that. In a hotel, you get so many different cultures.” 46

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T H E E D U CATI O N O F D I STAN CE

The way to BYUH was a long one for Egbert. “This is university No. 5 for me.” After hopping between Utah universities Snow College, Utah Valley University and BYU at Provo, he said he wanted to do something international and got accepted to the BYU Jerusalem Center. He stumbled into the HTM program of BYUH after going to the BYU Jerusalem Center. “I applied a month late,” Egbert recalled. “They told me it was already past the deadline, so I called again and said, ‘I really, really want to get into this program.’ They sent me an [acceptance] email the next day.” Egbert praised BYUH for its internationality. As a student in Laie, “You see that life works in other places for people with different values you can definitely learn from. It becomes an education.” He said he enjoys learning how Mormons from other countries live their faith in their respective environments. “The frustrating thing with Utah is so many people haven’t even left the state [so] they are so close-minded. There is only one way to live life. There is only one

way to do things. Life would be so much more enriched and fulfilled if they’d know what is out there.” He continued, “I found the more time I spend with people from other cultures and the more I get out of the white American groups, the more I learn from them. I have a Mongolian friend who really has taught me what it means to be a loyal friend.” Preece said Doctrine and Covenants 88 teaches members of the church to learn of “things which are at home, things which are abroad; the wars and the perplexities of the nations and a knowledge also of countries and of kingdoms.” Preece said of this scripture, “I think you could reasonably translate that to an admonition to travel. God wants us to live peacefully in the earth, and if we want to live peacefully, we have to understand other people and other cultures and other places. When we do that, we do our part to contribute toward peace.”

world

in this section The Libertarianism candidate Gary Johnson stands for capitalism and social liberty

An chart showing each U.S. Presidential Candidate position on key topics

The Summer Olympic Games in Rio De Janeiro are set to open August 5 despite political and social upheaval in the city

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Wo r l d N ew s

Libertarian candidate Gary Johnson may upset the two-party system T h e L i b e r t a r i a n Pa r t y w a n t s t h e g ove r n m e n t out of individualsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; wallets and bedrooms BY A LEX MAL D O N AD O

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Nick Church, of England, wears an American flag-themed bow tie before taking his Oath of Allegiance at a naturalization ceremony Friday, July 1, 2016, in Atlanta. Nineteen new Americans took their oath as United States Citizens in a ceremony at City Hall ahead of the July 4th holiday Friday. Photo by AP

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World

poll done in Utah in early July estimated Libertarian U.S. presidential candidate Gary Johnson would get 26 percent of the vote – just a few points behind Donald Trump at 29 percent and Hillary Clinton at 27 percent, reported the Salt Lake Tribune. The Republican Party internal poll was conducted for Utah Rep. Mia Love. However, in a June poll done for the Salt Lake Tribune, Johnson had only 13 percent of the vote, reports the Washington Post, but in a few weeks, Trump and Clinton both lost ground to Johnson in a state with a large Mormon population. “Johnson’s presence as an option in this [June] poll surely depresses Trump’s share of the vote; that’s point No. 1. And thirdparty candidates tend to poll better than they perform on Election Day, when voters want to pick a candidate who can actually win,” says the Washington Post. “But it’s also true that Utah really, really doesn’t like Trump. We first saw that in the state’s presidential primary, in which Trump finished third — behind John Kasich! — at 14 percent, while Ted Cruz took 69 percent of the vote.” The Independent Journal contributor Hunter Schwarz said online, “So what’s a Mormon voter — particularly a Republican one repelled by Trump but equally queasy 50

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marriage, pro-choice, pro-gun ownership, proabout pulling the lever for Clinton — to do? immigration, against overspending and against The Libertarian Party has a suggestion, and if a third-party candidate has a prayer of having any government regulation. Not all Libertarians hold these same significant impact in the 2016 election, winning beliefs, says the Libertarians For Life website. over Mormon voters is a good place to start.” “One popular misconception is that libertarian According to the www.thelibertarianreism as a political principle supports choice on public.com, libertarian ideas are gaining tracabortion,” its homepage says. The Libertarian tion faster than those of any other ideology. stance on personal liberty effectively grants Libertarianism is a political party based citizens total freedom and control of their own on both liberal and conservative ideologies, lives and bodies, so long as it doesn’t inhibit or according to the official party website. It was bring harm to others. founded in 1971. Libertarians For Life argue, “That is a Gary Johnson, the Libertarian Party clearly pro-life principle.” nominee for the 2016 election, has said, “Lib The party’s website, www.lp.org gives ertarians are fiscally conservative, and socially three points of belief: Personal Liberty, ecothey really don’t give a [darn].” nomic liberty, and securing liberty. Born in Minot, North Dakota in 1953 This includes but is not exclusive to: on New Year’s Day, the 63-year-old Johnson decriminalization of medicinal and recreational now lives in Taos, New Mexico and was the drugs, emphasis on full freedom of communiRepublican governor of that state from 1994 to 2002, says the Vote Smart website. He has cation and expression, full support of the right a bachelor’s degree in political science from to bear arms, full freedom for adults to choose the University of New Mexico and ran for their own sexual orientation, preference, or president in 2000 as a Republican but switched gender identity without government interferto the Libertarian Party in 2011 and ran for ence in personal relationships, and so on. president as a Libertarian in 2012. Libertarians believe in unfettered capital Jacob Moss, a recent music graduate from ism, which they believe will help “all members of society to have abundant opportunities to Oregon, is a Libertarian. He explained, “The Libertarian party has all the benefits: low taxes, achieve economic success,” it states on www. lp.org. It continues, “A free and competitive more freedoms.” Moss said the party is pro-gay

Left: Libertarian presidential candidate Gary Johnson at a news conference. Right: Two delegates support Oregon delegate and Afghanistan war veteran Joseph Rice holding up an American flag during first day of the Republican National Convention in Cleveland on July 18. Photos by AP

market allocates resources in the most efficient manner. Each person has the right to offer goods and services to others on the free market. The only proper role of government in the economic realm is to protect property rights, adjudicate disputes, and provide a legal framework in which voluntary trade is protected. All efforts by government to redistribute wealth, or to control or manage trade, are improper in a free society.” Moss added, “I think the government really has become too much about self-perpetuating its own power and not really benefiting people. I also think it’s become destructive to our economy with overspending, making the immigration process unnecessarily difficult, and creating regulations that benefit crony capitalism, while harming genuine business.” The section “securing liberty” on its website expresses the Libertarian view of the government’s role to protect its citizens and not serve as a world police force. The party aims to “seek peace with the world,” but still reserves the right to build a legitimate military force capable of defending the nation. The party supports the removal of government impediments that limit free trade. Libertarianism also supports immigration reform, making it easier for immigrants to legally gain access and citizenship in the United States.

Jacob’s brother, Preston Moss, a recent anthropology graduate from Washington, has a special interest in the party’s call for change in immigration policy because of his experience in helping his wife gain her own U.S. citizenship. He said, “My wife is from Ecuador, and I gained a lot of first-hand experience with the immigration system bringing her here with me. Frankly, it was a long and stressful process, and even with a relatively smooth process, I spent six months in Ecuador just waiting to bring her to the United States.You could say that process was the starting point that eventually led me to Libertarianism.” He continued, “Our obsession with the current illegal population is only a distraction from the policies that created this mess in the first place. We need to fix immigration to allow workers to enter legally and boost our national economy... It’s so bad that the U.S. has created a ‘green card lottery.’ Should a legal process be equated with picking a name from a hat? It’s bad law and bad business. When a worker comes and puts more into the system than he takes out, which is statistically the norm, he creates a surplus, and society benefits. We need a lot of that.” The closest the Libertarian party has been to the White House was in the 2012 election when Johnson received 1,275,821

popular votes, which equals about 0.99 percent of all votes according to news sources, being the most votes of any Libertarian Party presidential candidate. The party’s website, www.lp.org, gives the following preamble: “As Libertarians, we seek a world of liberty; a world in which all individuals are sovereign over their own lives and no one is forced to sacrifice his or her values for the benefit of others. “We believe that respect for individual rights is the essential precondition for a free and prosperous world, that force and fraud must be banished from human relationships, and that only through freedom can peace and prosperity be realized. “Consequently, we defend each person’s right to engage in any activity that is peaceful and honest, and welcome the diversity that freedom brings. The world we seek to build is one where individuals are free to follow their own dreams in their own ways, without interference from government or any authoritarian power. “In the following [points] we have set forth our basic principles and enumerated various policy stands derived from those principles. These specific policies are not our goal, however. Our goal is nothing more nor less than a world set free in our lifetime, and it is to this end that we take these stands.” AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

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U.S. Presidential Candidate Positions

Should the United States continue the war on drugs?

Economy & Taxes Should the federal government continue to subsidize oil companies? Should any federal taxes be increased? Should there be a flat tax on income? Should Social Security be privatized? Is the Trans-Pacific Partnership (TPP) Trade Agreement good for America?

Education Are the Common Core Standards good for education in America? Should any public colleges or universities be tuition-free?

Elections Should felons who have completed their sentences be allowed to vote? Should voters be required to show photo identification in order to vote? Should U.S. election campaigns be publicly financed?

Energy Should fracking be allowed?

Foreign Policy Is China an economic or military threat to the United States? Should the United States maintain its embargo against Cuba? Is the nuclear arms deal with Iran good for America?

Guns / Second Amendment Should more gun control laws be enacted? Should schools be gun-free zones? Should people on the No-Fly List or the Terror Watch List be allowed to purchase guns?

Health Care, Abortion, & End of Life Issues Should abortion be legal? Should euthanasia or physician-assisted suicide be legal? Should all Americans have the right (be entitled) to health care?

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J. Stein

Should law enforcement be allowed to use racial profiling?

G. Johnson

Should the death penalty be allowed?

D. Trump

Crime & Justice

H. Clinton

IL LUST RAT ION BY H AI L E Y M O L I N A

Immigration Should the federal government use raids to enforce immigration laws? Should the United States continue to build the fence/wall along the U.S.-Mexico Border? Should undocumented immigrants in the United States be allowed to become legal residents? Should the United States allow Syrian refugees into the country?

Labor & Wages Should the federal government guarantee paid family and medical leave? Should the federal minimum wage be increased? Do labor unions provide an overall benefit to their workers in the United States?

Marijuana & Alcohol Should the minimum legal drinking age be lowered from 21 to a younger age? Should marijuana be a medical option? Should recreational marijuana be legal?

Military & War on Terror Should the United States continue its use of drone strikes abroad? Should the United States send ground troops to fight ISIS? Should the United States close the Guantanamo Bay Detention Camp? Should the National Security Agency (NSA) continue to collect phone and e-mail metadata on U.S. citizens? Should interrogation techniques that some consider torture, such as waterboarding, be a legal option?

Race Should colleges and universities use Affirmative Action for admissions? Is the Black Lives Matter movement good for America? Is the criminal justice system unfair to black people?

Science & Environment Should the United States transition away from fossil fuels and towards renewable energy?

Sex & Gender Was the U.S. Supreme Court decision legalizing same-sex marriage a good decision? Should religious liberty give people the right to deny goods and services for gay marriage? Should transgender people be allowed to use the bathroom of their choice? All information from http://2016election.procon.org

Democratic Party

Republican Party

Libertarian Party

Green Party AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

World With the Olympics set to start on Aug. 5, the Games and the city have been overshadowed by security threats, violence, the Zika virus and a national political corruption scandal. Photo by AP

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Rio de Janeiro struggles to prepare for Olympic Games Social, political, and medical problems in Rio have come to light, making spectators and athletes wary of attending the Games B Y AL E X M AL D O N AD O

The city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is still set to host the 2016 Summer Olympic Games, despite ever-increasing obstacles threatening the event. CNN referred to Brazil’s situation as “a perfect storm of crises,” saying: “On a countrywide level, Brazil is grappling with the Zika virus outbreak, causing one Olympian to freeze his sperm, a doping scandal in which Brazil’s only testing lab was suspended, a crime wave, and political upheaval involving the country’s highest figures.” As of July 24, the 10 of the 31 buildings in the Olympic Athletes Village were deemed not able to be inhabited, reports the Associated Press. Australia’s Olympic team leader Kitty Chiller told reporters, “I have never experienced a village in this state — or lack of state — of readiness at this point in time.” She said while the facilities look good, there are water, electrical and gas issues that need to be fixed. The Italian team has hired its own workers to fix their Olympic Village issues, says AP. Lack of money is one of the biggest problems facing Rio right now. CNN reported Rio has declared an official emergency and was granted a federal bailout worth approximately $850 million in June just 36 days before the Olympics are scheduled to begin. Francisco Dornelles, vice-governor of Rio, warned there could be a breakdown of essential public services, and the police force can only cover its costs for one more week without the emergency funds. Protests have happened across the city as a result of impending unpaid wages, with one mob at the airport holding

banners that read, “Welcome to hell. Police and firefighters don’t get paid. Whoever comes to Rio de Janeiro will not be safe.” Other causes for apprehension include the city’s water and the heavily polluted Guanabara Bay, where several water sports during the Olympics are set to be held. Ed Hula, Olympics expert, founder, and editor of online publication, Around the Rings, said, “They might have taken it as a point of pride to say ‘We’re going to clean up the bay, we’re going to clean up the pollution.’ But it’s not going to happen for these Games. It’s 5060% treated and people will just have to be careful.” CNN has reported some athletes have complained about the water causing various skin irritations and outbreaks. “The U.S. Olympic rowing team is taking extra precautions and will be wearing seamless antimicrobial unisuits to compete, while the German sailing team has been practicing trying to sail in trash-coated waters,” according to Tiffany Ap at CNN. A region-wide complication is the mosquito-born Zika virus, which has been causing problems for the past year. Kelsey Simpson, a recent graduate from Wyoming, said going to the Games would cause more stress than they are worth, as you would constantly have to be on the lookout for mosquitoes. Simpson said, “If the problem really is as bad as they say it is, I would probably pass. There will be other Olympics in other countries, and attending these ones wouldn’t be worth risking my and my future children’s health.”

Some countries are taking special steps to protect their athletes from the contagion. South Korea designed its team uniforms to cover the arms and legs and has mosquito-repelling chemicals infused with the fabric, according to the New York Times. Josh Maneha from Kaneohe said the crumbling order within the city and the Zikarelated panic would be more than enough reason to avoid the Games. The travel site Skyscanner reported cancellations across the United States and Canada going to Brazil, mostly due to concerns related to the Zika virus. There are other issues facing the country, such as the recent ousting of the President Dilma Rousseff after she was accused of breaking budget laws, and what CNN says is the worst economic recession the country has faced since the 1930s. News sources such as Forbes and The Atlantic have questioned whether the Games should be postponed or canceled, but the Olympic planning committee is still forging onward toward the Games, according to CNN. Torch Morris, director of BYUH Security, was part of a security planning committee for the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City, Utah. He recalled, “Everyone from the security, police, military, government officials and the organizers had their own idea of what the Olympics were supposed to look like. In spite of years of planning, it wasn’t until the Games actually started that things fell into place. In Rio, I suspect it will be the same. Once the Games begin most people will forget the scandals and focus on the athletes; which is what the Games are about.” AU GU S T 2 0 1 6

Samuel Egbert has learned empathy through world travel. Story on pages 44-46. Photo by Kelsie Carlson