NLI 15/16 Surveys States and Territories KAB APC by Keep Australia Beautiful

NATIONAL LITTER INDEX 2015 ‐ 2016

STATES & TERRITORIES SURVEY SPECIFICS

KEEP AUSTRALIA BEAUTIFUL NATIONAL ASSOCIATION November 2016 E john@kesab.asn.au www.kab.org.au

CONTENTS

‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐ ‐

Key Messages and Insights Survey Specifics Litter Counts Volumetric Impacts Littering Location Detailed Litter Volume Tables Detailed Litter Count Tables

Page

Australian Capital Territory

New South Wales

Queensland

Northern Territory

South Australia

Tasmania

Victoria

Contents

Western Australia

Australian Capital Territory Key Messages and Insights       

The long term trend of reduction in litter counted has continued While there was a 3.2% reduction in total litter counted, the 2015/16 survey found more, higher volume items which led to a 31.3% increase in litter volume Less cigarette litter was observed but more beverage containers, junk mail and circulars and packing tape and straps Industrial precincts have the highest litter loads Cigarette litter is the biggest problem around car parks, retail and shopping centre precincts Takeaway food packaging, beverage containers and cigarette litter are biggest issues in parks and around beaches and recreational swimming locations Significant, long term litter reductions evident on major roads/highways and in car parks

Survey Specifics The national litter index surveys 76 sites across the Australia Capital Territory, with an area surveyed of 115,955 square metres. While the primary focus of the survey is across suburban areas, a number of regional/rural sites outside Canberra are also surveyed. The breakdown is shown in the table below.

Litter Counts As shown in the following table, the 2015/16 survey counted 3.2% less litter items than counted in 2014/15. An 8% reduction in cigarette related litter and reductions in non‐specific paper and plastic 3

litter were offset by increasing beverage container litter and small increases across a large number of other miscellaneous categories. The two biggest miscellaneous contributors were increasing amounts of junk mail and packing tape and straps (see detailed tables)

Shopping Centre

Total

Residential

14.3% 66.7% 6.9% -50.0% 63.8% 25.0% 38.2%

23.6% -109.1% 33.3% -200.0% 22.8% 52.6% -29.0% -200.0%

19.6% 19.6%

20.4% 20.4%

8.1% -22.2% 2.6% -11.1% 11.2% 9.9% -23.2% -5.6% 11.1% 3.2% 3.2%

366 105 117.5 4 75 62 100 1 2 830

28 1.5 56.5 1 24 13 23

77 15 44 3 59 14 54 3

433 4.5 40.5 2 17 11 17

147

267

524

681 98.5 237 11 156 76 157 5 1 1420

186 59 67.5 3 56 45 68

12 8 51.5

505 13.5 43.5 1 47 14 28

482

130

65 14 65.5 2 68 21 31 3 2 270

-97.0% -78.0% -74.1% -40.0% -34.2% -38.2% -47.4% -100.0% -100.0% -71.8% -72.1%

-143.5% 81.3% -9.7% -100.0% 4.0% 3.8% -15.0% 100.0%

31.4% 31.4%

-70.5% -100.0% 100.0% -20.1% -19.8%

37.4% -1.0% 6.1% 52.4% 22.2% 25.2% -18.5% 22.2% -100.0% 21.1% 21.0%

-12.7% -12.7%

-17.7% -7.1% 32.8% -100.0% 14.0% 31.7% -72.6% 16.7% 100.0% 0.6% 1.1%

Beach 36 2.5 38.5 1 17 4 16 1 115

627

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper ACT 2014/15 Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

83 1.5 42.5 2 7 5 28

337 7 92.5 5 50 9 22

167

2 523

56.4% -66.7% 9.4% 33.3% -161.5% 30.0% 43.6% -100.0%

-24.4% -92.9% 8.1% -70.0% -9.1%

25 13 20 1

Retail

Industrial

2304 207 666 23 447 191 387 9 5 4237

Highway

437 5.5 66 1 40 10 35 1 1 594

Car Park

2117 253 648.5 25 397 172 476 10 4 4102

426 99.5 222.5 5 121 57 186 4 2 1122

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper % Other plastic REDUCTION General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (excluding Illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

334 11.5 44 2 31 5 45 2 1 473

419 13.5 85 9 54 9 38 1

ACT - ANNUAL

ACT 2015/2016

Recreational Park

Items

651

ACT 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

4000 115 28.6

16500 627 38.0

39600 1120 28.3

10050 828 82.4

14000 147 10.5

16050 267 16.6

7005 524 74.7

8750 472 53.9

115955 4098 35.3

ACT 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

4000 167 41.8

16500 522 31.6

39600 1419 35.8

10050 482 48.0

14000 130 9.3

16050 269 16.7

7005 651 92.9

8750 593 67.8

115955 4232 36.5

The following charts indicate that with the exception of the 2011/12 and 2012/13 surveys, this reduction is a continuation of a long term trend of reducing litter in the ACT. It also shows that while there are year‐on‐year changes, the overall shape of the litter stream has not significantly changed. Cigarette litter represents just over 50% of all items with takeaway food packaging representing just over 15% of items counted.

Volumetric Impacts The picture in volumetric terms however paints a different picture. Notwithstanding the fact that less items were counted, the equivalent volume of this litter has increased by 31.3% from the 2014/15 count. In simplistic terms the 2015/16 count found proportionately more of the higher volume items, particularly beverage containers, but also increased numbers of containers such as those used for transporting industrial products e.g. oil.

24.000 68.824

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper ACT 2014/15 Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

0.227 0.644 2.167 0.029 0.022 0.006 0.259

0.801 3.657 21.157 0.098 0.167 0.011 0.111

3.355

36.000 62.003

98.9% -86.8% -44.3% 66.7% -38.5% 20.0% 38.0% -100.0% -36.6% -36.6%

-54.6% -161.6% -33.9% -50.0% -20.2% -22.2% -4700.8% 33.3% -72.4% -11.0%

3.127 53.983 66.943 0.206 0.526 0.094 32.234 0.206 24.000 181.319

2.090 29.534 20.678 0.049 0.188 0.056 16.078

0.001 3.691 3.162

68.673

7.116

4.5% -8.0% 19.8% 9.5% 21.5% 23.8% -53.0% -4.8% 100.0% -5.0% 8.9%

-11.3% -80.7% -37.9% 40.0% -31.5% -27.0% -210.0% -100.0% -100.0% -95.8% -148.2%

-43.5% 40.9% -99.4% -100.0% 48.0% 11.5% -496.1% 50.0%

165.186

9.337

0.085 0.016 0.126 0.034

-31.2% -31.2%

1.209 10.201 17.111 0.059 0.221 0.019 12.904 0.172 24.000 65.898 1.532 7.230 13.537 0.029 0.230 0.026 9.408 0.102 36.000 68.094 21.1% -41.1% -26.4% -100.0% 3.7% 24.4% -37.2% -69.4% 33.3% -30.6% 3.2%

Total

4.583

ACT 2015/2016

0.002 2.183 6.305 0.020 0.044 0.014 0.753 0.017

Shopping Centre

2.326 53.372 28.514 0.029 0.247 0.071 49.849 0.034 36.000 170.441

0.145 3.270 4.428 0.039 0.085 0.003 1.311 0.051 12.000 21.332

8.172 142.259 144.974 0.530 1.303 0.213 121.649 0.534 96.000 515.634

0.921 2.329 7.389 0.010 0.134 0.012 0.906 0.044 12.000 23.745

9.193 108.230 138.161 0.442 1.509 0.239 61.346 0.386 108.000 427.506

46.4% 42.1% -11.5% -100.0% 60.6% 14.3% 9.2%

84.3% -40.4% 40.1% -300.0% 36.7% 73.7% -44.7% -16.2%

24.0% 24.0%

20.5% 10.2%

11.1% -31.4% -4.9% -20.0% 13.7% 10.7% -98.3% -38.4% 11.1% -31.3% -20.6%

Retail

2.985 58.315 53.683 0.187 0.412 0.072 49.317 0.216

0.003 1.204 3.127 0.010 0.030 0.005 0.161 0.044

Residential

Industrial

1.238 9.567 28.321 0.147 0.201 0.014 5.336

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Recreational Park

Highway

Beach

ACT - ANNUAL

Car Park

Volume - Litres

0.264 4.147 3.486 0.039 0.063 0.015 2.019

10.033 0.494 7.161 3.128 0.020 0.159 0.018 2.223

13.202

Littering Location The breakdown of the location of the litter found is contained in the following charts which show, compared to the 2014‐15 survey, more litter was found in car parks, industrial precincts and recreational parks with less litter found on beaches and recreational swimming locations, major roads and highways, residential streets and retail and shopping centre precincts.

Beaches Litter levels on beaches and recreational swimming locations around the Act fell by 31.4% in the 2015/16 survey, driven by a 56.4% reduction in cigarette litter and a 43.6% reduction in general other litter. These reductions were offset by a significant increase in other paper. The last three surveys have resulted in a high degree of volatility in the survey outcomes, especially when compared to the results prior to 2012/13, which makes drawing definitive conclusions difficult.

Car Parks After three years of steady reductions, the 2015/16 survey recorded an increase in car park litter with takeaway food packaging the only category with reduced litter loads. An increase in cigarette related litter was the dominant contributor to the increase.

Major Roads/Highways Litter levels on major roads/highways in the ACT have fallen significantly since 2011/12 with less litter found across all major categories. The only exception to this was in the general other or miscellaneous category where there were small changes across numerous sub categories. Of particular interest is that the 2015/16 survey found more syringes and indeterminate pieces of foil on major roads and highways.

Industrial Precincts There was a substantial increase in litter counted in ACT industrial precincts in the 2015/16 survey. Similar to the situation o beaches, there has been a degree of volatility in recent results which makes drawing definitive conclusions difficult.

Recreational Parks The litter counts in recreational parks have also jumped about over recent surveys, once again making interpretation difficult. The 2015/16 survey found 12.7% more litter with increased cigarette, takeaway food packaging and general other litter partially offset by reductions in beverage container litter.

Residential Streets The litter counted on ACT’s residential streets fell by 1.1%. Reductions in takeaway food packaging and other paper were offset by increased cigarette and general other litter, the majority of which was an increase in litter from junk mail and circulars. Over the longer term, the litter found in residential streets has been relatively stable over the last four years.

Retail Precincts There was a 19.6% reduction in litter counted in ACT retail precincts, driven primarily by reduced cigarette and other paper litter.

Shopping Centres Litter around ACT shopping centres shows a similar profile to that seen around retail precincts. In this case the 2015/16 found 20.4% less litter driven almost entirely by less cigarette litter, offset by an increase in general other litter.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken in to account, industrial precincts have the highest litter loads. The 2015/16 survey found, on average, 82.4 items per 1000 sq metres, a significant increase from the 48.0 items per 1000 sq metres found in 2014/15 survey.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Items

Area Surveyed ACT Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2015/2016 Per 1000 sq m

4000 115 28.6

16500 627 38.0

39600 1120 28.3

10050 828 82.4

14000 147 10.5

16050 267 16.6

7005 524 74.7

8750 472 53.9

115955 4098 35.3

Area Surveyed ACT Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2014/2015 Per 1000 sq m

4000 167 41.8

16500 522 31.6

39600 1419 35.8

10050 482 48.0

14000 130 9.3

16050 269 16.7

7005 651 92.9

8750 593 67.8

115955 4232 36.5

ACT - ANNUAL

A similar picture emerges in volumetric terms which indicates that the volumetric litter loads are significantly greater in industrial precincts. Interestingly, litter loads increased across all site types with the exception of retail and shopping centre precincts. The rationale for this has been explained earlier.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Volume - Litres

Area Surveyed ACT Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2015/2016 Per 1000 sq m

4000 4.583 1.1

16500 44.824 2.7

39600 165.186 4.2

10050 134.441 13.4

14000 9.337 0.7

16050 41.898 2.6

7005 10.033 1.4

8750 9.332 1.1

115955 419.634 3.6

Area Surveyed ACT Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2014/2015 Per 1000 sq m

4000 3.355 0.8

16500 26.003 1.6

39600 157.319 4.0

10050 68.673 6.8

14000 7.116 0.5

16050 32.094 2.0

7005 13.202 1.9

8750 11.745 1.3

115955 319.506 2.8

ACT - ANNUAL

Detailed Litter Count Tables – ACT

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

409

353

1 1

9 1 1 1

9 2

432

5 1

4 1

1 1

17 2 1 8 9 2 29

17 2 2 8 7 1 31 1 10

4 1 1 5 3 16 76 9

3 1

2075 1 21 4 1 1

25 2

items

Beverage Containers

333 1 1

Total

Shopping Centre

Retail

Residential

Industrial

Highway 413

y y y y y y y y y

1 21 4 1 1

y y

Takeaway Food

items

CIGARETTE BUTTS Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml+ Cider/fruit based etc. Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), 1 litre+ Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ Fruit juice, < 1 litre Fruit juice, 1 litre+ Other glass Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), 1 litre+ Wine & spirit, all sizes Wine cooler, all sizes Total ILLEGAL DUMPING Aerosols - pressure packs Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes Cider/fruit based etc. Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes Flav. water/soft drink, (non-carb), all sizes Foil take away Food cans (including pet food) Industrial cans - all types Metal bottle tops and can pull rings Metal pieces Other foil Total Clothing & materials Condoms Construction materials Disposable nappies Ice cream sticks Other miscellaneous Rubber pieces (not tyres) Syringes Tyres & pieces Total Cartons, flavoured milk < 1 litre Cartons, flavoured milk 1 litre+ Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre Cartons, fruit juice, 1 litre+ Cartons, milk, plain (white) all sizes Cigarette packets Cups/take away containers Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre Flav. water / fruit j. drink/ sports drink, (non-carb), 1 litre+ Ice cream wrappers Junk mail / free circulars Newspapers & magazines Other paper Packages & boxes Paper bags Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. Total 6 ring can holders Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags Bags - supermarket type light weight carry bags Bread bag tags Containers, domestic type Containers, industrial e.g. oil Drink pouches Flav. milk, <1 litre Flav. milk, 1 litre+ Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre Flav. wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+ Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ Fruit juice <1 litre Fruit juice, 1 litre+ Lollipop sticks Other plastic Packing tape & straps Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) 1 litre+ Plastic bottle tops Sacks - sheeting - other bags Snack bags & confectionary wrappers Spoons/ cutlery Straws Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc Take away & cups White milk, all sizes Wine cask bladders Total GRAND TOTAL

Beverage Containers

Takeaway food

METAL

GLASS

Beach

Car Park

ACT - ANNUAL

Recreational Park

Items

3 y

6 1 3 14 2

1 6

6 28 3 1 2 3 8 2

6 30

2 1

17 1 4

54 3 1

1 31 1

9 104 1 1

1 1 1

1 1 1 1

13 8 29 107 18

1 1

4 1 1

1 1

2 1 6 14 3

4 1 4 17 2

12 2 3 18

10 1 2 16 3

56 4 2 18 18 3 72 1 29 1 1 65 15 66 287 39 1 1 2 12 26 14 10 5 108 11

1 1 1 5 7 10 5 46 6

1 4 1

5 2 2

2 2 1

1 4 1

15 3

11 1

6 1

18 74

1 13 49 1

1 43 187 2

1 5 2 121 22 13 5 6 275 1 2 2 1 6 1

1 1 1 75 13 7 1 163

2 1 7 1 1 1 1 62 7 20 5 13 14 20 2 12 16 13

206 830

4 9 1 5

5 5 3

13 3 11

3 1

31 115

55 627

268 1122

2 1 1 34

1 17 6 59 2 4 5 10 117

1 2 2

2 4 1 1

1 1 1 24

4 12

1 6

7 1

1 6 1

1 1

1 4

17 3 1 2 2 31

31 1 4 13 11 72

2 3

4 1

3 2 2 10 2 1 1 6 57 11 12 2 14 19 31 10 34 11 31 1

3 1

6 13 1

3 14 1 5

3 11 1 1

3 5 2 3

5 1 19 2 7

4 1 10 1 4

1 6 4 10

1 1 9 2 2 1 5

60 147

51 267

37 524

42 473

7 28 9 397 42 34 25 38 825 1 4 6 17 9 2 1 13 5 4 20 3 5 2 26 172 22 45 7 41 35 112 27 81 27 66 2 748 4102

y y y y y

18 18 3 72 1

110

12 y

y y

187

y y y y y y

5 4 20

194

1 13

y y

45 7

98 253

y y y

112 27 81

350 649

Detailed Litter Volume Tables ‐ ACT

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

0.03789 6.01801 1.36094

0.00190

0.19792

9.72141 4.08281 0.22893 0.19792

0.59376

0.79168

0.21206 0.00982

0.00982

0.14730

0.18658 0.29053

0.02946 0.29053

0.44570

0.89140

1.92967 24.00000

4.57157

8.80240 36.00000 0.34212 3.01980 2.80410 0.64710 10.85115

0.01964

0.69357 0.69570 2.28502 0.02000 0.01590 0.02106 21.39552 0.09180

1.61833

0.46238

0.02000 0.01590 0.00936 1.66359 0.01530

0.01600

0.06075 0.00033

0.00414 0.01350 0.00008

0.00092 0.02700

0.11250 0.26538 1.68120

0.03302 0.33624

0.03557

0.21570

0.43140 0.43140

1.38714

0.69357

0.04200 0.01060 0.00390 1.65934 0.02295

0.10400 0.00530 0.01092 2.10213 0.02295 0.00032

0.42554

0.00046

0.02341

0.21206

1.68750 0.00184 0.04725 0.00016

1.76002

0.34212 4.96110 3.01980 0.21570 15.10650 0.19080 2.31190

0.04800 0.10070 0.04134 26.33796 0.35955 0.36000 1.12500 0.00138 0.04050 0.00058 0.02373 1.46250 3.37324 3.36240

0.01964

0.31238

1.09343

0.00240 0.08700

1.19829 26.60668

2.94125 45.19490 0.75600

0.05892 0.29053

0.18715 2.50058 24.00000

0.86280

0.85107

0.42554

0.00390 3.05895 0.00765

16.64800 22.45800

1.59810

3.46255

0.79905

0.36881 1.20110 2.17739 1.65400

1.10643 4.80441 5.59899 4.96200

1.10643 0.60055 4.04372 1.65400

0.36881

0.00318 0.00500

0.00398 0.01375

0.78790

3.15160

0.02001

0.03202

0.03132 0.01920 0.01031

0.10179 0.03360 0.01856

0.51755

0.72457 1.06835

0.00318 0.07188 0.00270 11.03060 2.31236 0.09206 0.00425 0.25839 0.06240 0.11963 0.37500 5.58954 2.13669

0.07063 0.00149 11.42455 5.39550 0.05604 0.00551 0.09788 0.01920 0.05156 0.46875 3.51934

1.64244

10.59373

72.38506

71.11762

0.03042 0.02645 0.00508 0.00044 1.24521

0.20111 0.20000 0.01058 0.00748 28.39813 0.00075

0.04380 0.00414

0.00035

32.82261

0.03394

0.00240 0.08700 0.59000 0.04394

1.19829 14.94348 0.15120

0.00120 0.78300 2.95000 0.41236 1.64000 0.10580 0.01218 0.00308 58.47454 0.00075 0.13140 0.08485 0.00046 20.81000 11.22900

0.17400

0.00120 0.08700 2.36000 0.24674 1.04000 0.10051 0.00305

4.00923 1.05840

0.01587 0.00102 0.00132 6.14541 0.00150 0.01697 0.00161

0.27074

1.50990 0.21570

0.31238 0.50633 2.28764 24.05535 0.45360

0.03928

3.04500 5.31000 0.22139 0.28000 0.03174 0.01015 0.00572 25.50934 0.00075 0.08760 0.08485 0.00104 4.16200

0.03928

0.37430 0.87650 12.00000

0.85107 0.23119

0.04800 0.01060 0.00702 1.35396

0.03600 0.00530 0.00468 1.12824 0.02295 0.00016

0.00092 0.04050 0.00008

0.00184 0.03375 0.00008

0.11250 0.15400 0.33624

0.05878

0.93713

0.21787 2.91580 0.30240

0.10894 3.28028

0.50633 7.95226 122.09913 2.72160

0.00360 0.08700 0.59000 0.06253 0.28000 0.02645 0.00812 0.00616 5.14855 0.00375

0.00240 0.52200 0.59000 0.08450 0.04232 0.02538 0.00704 4.66285

0.05091 0.00092

0.26635

0.62211 0.82700 0.40005

0.00557 0.01438

0.40005

0.00212 0.01938 0.00014 3.15160

0.00239 0.01500 0.00027 0.78790

0.00239 0.00313 0.00041 1.18185

0.01201 0.00032 0.06264 0.01440 0.01238 0.01875 0.41404

0.01201

0.41404

0.03202 0.00032 0.15660 0.00960 0.03919 0.01875 1.44914

0.08222 0.02400 0.03094 0.05625 0.72457

1.47310

10.78298

3.05929

2.56962

0.78790 0.04003 0.00016 0.12920 0.04320 0.01856

1.78280 0.56145 18.98094 96.00000 0.68424 9.92220 7.54950 0.86280 28.51086 0.19080 7.39808 0.69570 2.28502 0.33400 0.16430 0.10218 58.69968 0.54315 0.00048 0.36000 2.81250 0.01150 0.26325 0.00132 0.02373 1.68750 5.70343 5.71608

0.31238

0.04313

0.20002

0.53028 0.87160

0.01320 4.87200 12.39000 1.30299 3.44000 0.35972 0.06496 0.03124 162.40663 0.00750 0.26280 0.27152 0.00851 41.62000 33.68700 0.04313 6.12605 2.95048 6.60607 12.44220 9.09700 1.00012 0.02279 0.21313 0.00500 32.30390 7.70785 0.29619 0.01055 0.92003 0.22560 0.30113 0.93750 13.35279 3.20504 173.62384

y y y y y y y y y

Volume

0.21931

0.46292

Beverage Containers

0.03565

0.23146

Total

0.04652

0.46292 0.90729

Shopping Centre

0.01093

Takeaway Food

Volume

0.04376 2.31462 0.90729 0.22893 0.19792

Recreational Park

Industrial

Highway

0.04008 0.23146 0.90729

Retail

0.00259

Residential

Beverage Containers

Takeaway food

METAL

GLASS

Beach

ACT - ANNUAL

Car Park

Volume - Litres

7.398

0.334

9.721 4.083 0.229 0.198 0.792 0.212

y y

0.872

0.561 16.668

y y y y y

9.922 7.550 0.863 28.511 0.191

47.036

7.732

0.012

0.012 y

5.716

0.937

y y

2.722

122.099

0.013

9.375

y y y y y y

2.950 6.606 12.442

1.000

122.112

0.043 6.126

y y

0.023

32.304 7.708

69.180

0.296

y y y

0.920 0.226 0.301

13.353

15.119

New South Wales Key Messages and Insights   

  

NSW recorded a 4% decline in litter counted versus 2014/15 with litter at lowest levels since surveying commenced Small increases in litter from cigarettes (1.2%) and takeaway food packaging (3.0%) offset reductions in beverage container litter (4.7%) and other litter categories The most significant reductions occurred within recreational parks, industrial precincts and major roads/highways with smaller reductions observed around residential streets and car parks. More litter was counted around beaches, retail precincts and shopping centres. Retail shopping centres and industrial precincts have the highest litter counts, driven by cigarette litter The volume of litter found declined by 11.9%, indicating less high volume litter items counted with mix across categories important Industrial precincts, major roads/highways and car parks have the highest volumetric litter loads

Survey Specifics The national litter index surveys 151 sites across New South Wales, with an area surveyed of 224,004 square metres. While city and suburban areas are the primary focus of the survey, a number of regional/rural sites, are also surveyed. A further 15 rural highway/road sites are surveyed and reported separately. The breakdown is shown in the table below.

Litter Counts As shown in the following table, the 2015/16 survey counted 4.0% less litter (excluding illegal dumping) than seen in 2014/15. Small increases in cigarette butts (1.2%) and takeaway food packaging (3.0%) offset reductions in beverage container litter (4.7%) and other litter categories. The accompanying chart shows that this reduction is a continuation of a long term trend of reducing 15

litter levels. The 2015/16 survey recorded the lowest level of litter observed since the survey first commenced.

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

761 163 317 17 274 132 262 24 11 1960

846 343 462 11 299 144 399 31 8 2541

545 167 264 11 254 171 270 13 7 1700

139 10 96 5 66 29 45 1 1 388

257 105 257 6 240 152 296 11 2 1324

586 44 176 5 112 69 182 8

308 40 179 1 99 48 147 10

1179

830

33 11 42 6 1 283

789 138 305 45 338 146 274 15 9 2057

851 382 485 12 344 157 554 25 10 2818

516 193 260 12 324 176 403 19 4 1905

258 17 89 4 50 20 33 2 1 471

265 114 261 8 225 132 322 20 3 1347

419 40 165 6 111 55 195 9 1 998

312 33 137 1 78 55 146 9

-10.2% -16.7% -8.8% -100.0% -33.8% -9.5% 14.3% 9.1% 100.0% -9.0% -8.8%

3.5% -17.8% -3.8% 61.8% 18.8% 9.6% 4.4% -65.5% -16.7% 4.8% 4.7%

0.6% 10.3% 4.7% 4.3% 13.1% 8.3% 28.0% -24.5% 21.1% 9.8% 9.8%

-5.7% 13.5% -1.3% 8.3% 21.8% 2.6% 33.0% 34.2% -85.7% 11.0% 10.8%

46.3% 42.4% -7.9% -42.9% -32.3% -46.2% -36.9% 66.7% 50.0% 17.5% 17.5%

2.8% 7.5% 1.5% 31.3% -6.9% -15.6% 8.2% 45.0% 40.0% 1.6% 1.7%

-39.9% -8.8% -6.4% 18.2% -0.9% -24.5% 6.7% 5.9% 100.0% -18.1% -18.1%

Beach

NSW - ANNUAL 2015/16

NSW 2015/2016

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

NSW 2014/15

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

% REDUCTION

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (excluding Illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

113 18 81 1 44 12 36 5 308 103 15 74

Total

Car Park

Items Counted

3554 887 1829 56 1386 755 1635 101 27 10228 3511 931 1775 86 1501 749 1968 102 27 10648

770 1.4% -19.7% -30.8% -26.9% 11.9% -0.3% -11.8%

-1.2% 4.7% -3.0% 35.5% 7.6% -0.8% 16.9% 1.0%

-7.8% -7.8%

4.0% 3.9%

Over the longer term, the shape of the NSW litter stream has changed with cigarette litter in particular becoming a smaller component of the overall litter stream. More recent surveys suggest this situation has stabilised with little change observed over the last 3 surveys. Beverage containers, cigarettes and takeaway containers continued to represent 60‐65% of all litter counted in NSW.

Volumetric Impacts The NSW picture is also positive in volumetric terms, with a 11.9% decrease in litter volume (excludes illegal dumping) in 2015/16 survey as compared to the 2014/15 survey. It is particularly interesting to note the impact of mix on the computation of year on year changes. For example, while there has been a 1.2% increase in cigarette litter counted, the equivalent volume of this litter has fallen by 15%. This is due to the survey finding more, low volume cigarette butts and less, higher volume cigarette packaging. A similar picture emerges for takeaway food packaging. Beverage containers experienced the opposite impact. In this case 4.7% less containers counted corresponded to only a 1.9% fall in the volume of beverage container litter. This was due to the 2015/16 survey finding proportionately more, higher volume containers than found in the 2014/15 survey. The other general category was the biggest contributor to the fall in NSW which can be attributed to lower levels of newspaper and magazine litter and lower levels of domestic container litter.

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

8.362 103.386 61.211 0.334 0.926 0.165 43.657 0.868 252.000 470.910

11.421 196.592 118.002 0.216 1.011 0.179 121.326 1.250 180.000 629.998

8.337 95.413 50.535 0.216 0.857 0.214 78.757 0.424 156.000 390.753

0.343 5.402 5.717 0.098 0.221 0.036 5.593 0.017 12.000 29.426

5.147 62.692 33.163 0.108 0.811 0.190 88.490 0.400 36.000 227.001

3.878 23.378 15.027 0.088 0.377 0.086 37.624 0.272

2.213 22.558 13.571 0.020 0.335 0.060 4.209 0.430

80.730

43.395

0.110 0.013 6.163 0.187 12.000 40.166

8.365 77.587 58.095 0.874 1.141 0.183 43.027 0.519 216.000 405.790

15.014 215.256 118.751 0.226 1.163 0.196 170.894 0.966 228.000 750.464

10.620 113.563 51.621 0.236 1.095 0.219 79.439 0.806 84.000 341.600

1.010 8.782 6.962 0.069 0.167 0.024 3.822 0.051 24.000 44.886

5.257 65.245 46.878 0.157 0.759 0.164 111.555 0.759 60.000 290.773

4.403 22.470 18.269 0.108 0.373 0.069 79.033 0.288 12.000 137.015

2.322 19.508 14.264 0.020 0.264 0.068 20.059 0.396

-181.5% -35.4% 27.8% -100.0% -33.8% -9.5% 41.1% 9.1% 100.0% 10.9% 37.5%

0.0% -33.3% -5.4% 61.8% 18.8% 9.6% -1.5% -67.3% -16.7% -15.3% -16.0%

23.9% 8.7% 0.6% 4.3% 13.1% 8.3% 29.0% -29.4% 21.1% 13.9% 16.1%

21.5% 16.0% 2.1% 8.3% 21.8% 2.6% 0.9% 47.4% -85.7% 8.9% -14.4%

66.1% 38.5% 17.9% -42.9% -32.3% -46.2% -46.3% 66.7% 50.0% 16.6% 34.4%

2.1% 3.9% 29.3% 31.3% -6.9% -15.6% 20.7% 47.3% 40.0% 17.2% 21.9%

11.9% -4.0% 17.7% 18.2% -0.9% -24.5% 52.4% 5.9% 100.0% 35.4% 41.1%

4.7% -15.6% 4.9%

Beach

NSW - ANNUAL 2015/16

NSW 2015/2016

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

0.340 11.152 9.633 0.010 0.147 0.014 3.631 0.170

0.121 8.238 13.334

NSW 2014/15

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

% REDUCTION

25.096

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (excluding Illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

56.901

Total

Car Park

Computed Volume - Litres

40.040 520.573 306.860 1.090 4.685 0.944 383.287 3.830 636.000 1897.309 47.112 530.649 328.174 1.689 5.072 0.936 513.991 3.972 636.000 2067.595

-26.9% 11.9% 79.0% -8.6%

15.0% 1.9% 6.5% 35.5% 7.6% -0.8% 25.4% 3.6%

23.7% 23.7%

11.9% 8.2%

Littering Location The trends in the location of the litter found in New South Wales is contained in the following charts which show that since the 2009/10 survey less litter has been found across all site types. When compared to the 2014/15 survey, the 2015/16 survey found across the most significant reductions within recreational parks, industrial precincts and major roads/highways with smaller reductions observed around residential streets and car parks. More litter was counted around beaches, retail precincts and shopping centres.

Once again, and notwithstanding the litter reductions, the shape of the litter stream in NSW, over the longer term, is relatively stable as shown below:

Beaches The 2015/16 survey found 9.0% more litter (excluding illegal dumping) around the NSW surveyed beaches and recreational swimming locations. Plastic bags and general other categories were the only categories showing reductions. More litter was counted in all other categories although the following chart suggests that littering on surveyed beaches has stabilised over the last 3‐4 surveys.

Car Parks There has been a 4.8% reduction in litter counted in NSW car parks with less cigarette, other paper and general other litter offset by increasing amounts of beverage container and takeaway food packaging litter. Once again the trend charts imply that after a big fall in the 2013/14 survey, littering in car parks is relatively stable.

Major Roads/Highways There was a 9.8% reduction in litter counted around major roads and highways. Plastic bags was the only category where more litter was found with the biggest material impact coming from reduced levels of beverage container, other paper and general other litter. It is interesting to note that the step change that occurred in 2014/15 has been sustained.

Industrial Precincts The 2015/16 survey counted 11.0% less litter (excluding illegal dumping) in industrial precincts with increased levels of cigarette litter (5.7%) and takeaway food packaging (1.3%) offsetting reductions across all other categories. The most significant reductions were in general other and other paper. Prior to this survey, littering levels in industrial precincts was relatively stable and it will be interesting to see if this result is replicated in future surveys.

Recreational Parks NSW’s single biggest % fall in litter was observed in recreational parks where 17.5% less litter was counted. Significant reductions in cigarette (46.3%) and beverage container litter (42.4%) were offset by increases in all other litter categories. The 2015/16 survey result also strengthens the argument that the 2013/14 survey was probably an aberration.

Residential Streets The latest NLI survey saw only minimal change (1.7% reduction) in litter in NSW’s residential streets with the following chart suggesting that litter in residential streets has remained relatively unchanged over the last 7‐8 years. It is, however interesting to note that over this same period, the shape of the litter stream has changed with reducing levels of cigarette litter replaced by increasing amounts of takeaway food packaging litter and to a lesser extent, beverage container litter.

Retail Precincts The 2015/16 survey of retail precincts resulted in an 18.1% increase in litter counted, the first increase litter after an extended period of steadily reducing litter levels. The increase was almost entirely a result of increased cigarette litter.

Shopping Centres The picture in shopping centres is not too different from retail precincts in that there was a 7.8% increase in litter found, once again the first increase after an extended period of declining counts. In this case however, the increase was driven by 30.8% increase in takeaway food packaging litter and a 26.9% increase in other paper.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken into account, industrial and retail precincts have the highest litter loads in NSW. Across the state, the 2015/16 survey found, on average, 46.1 items items per 1000 sq metres, a decrease of 4.0% from the 2014/15 survey which found 48.0 items per 1000 sq metres.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Items Counted

NSW 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

9000 308 34.2

35148 1949 55.5

59636 2534 42.5

17288 1693 97.9

26790 388 14.5

39237 1323 33.7

17450 1179 67.5

16950 830 48.9

221499 10201 46.1

NSW 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

9000 282 31.3

35148 2048 58.3

59636 2809 47.1

17288 1902 110.0

26790 470 17.5

39237 1345 34.3

17450 998 57.2

16950 770 45.4

221499 10621 48.0

NSW - ANNUAL 2015/16

A slightly different picture emerges in volumetric terms where the shape of the litter stream significantly impacts the results. While industrial precincts also have the highest volumetric litter loads (13.6 litres per 1000 sq m), the volumetric loads in other site types are impacted by mix. The high proportion of low volume items e.g. cigarette litter found in retail and shopping centres means that their volumetric loads are significantly lower than the loads based on items counted.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Computed Volume - Litres

NSW 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

9000 25.096 2.8

35148 218.910 6.2

59636 449.998 7.5

17288 234.753 13.6

26790 17.426 0.7

39237 191.001 4.9

17450 80.730 4.6

16950 43.395 2.6

221499 1261.309 5.7

NSW 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

9000 28.166 3.1

35148 189.790 5.4

59636 522.464 8.8

17288 257.600 14.9

26790 20.886 0.8

39237 230.773 5.9

17450 125.015 7.2

16950 56.901 3.4

221499 1431.595 6.5

NSW - ANNUAL 2015/16

Detailed Litter Count Tables – New South Wales

112 2 1

723 5 18 1 3 3 5 18 1 2 17

794 4 29 17 1 1 5

507 1 22 2 1 1 3 5 2 1

137

234

568

298

7 1 2

1 6

5 1

1 1 4 1

5 1 12 24 7

1 2 9 1 2 1 1 44 1 8 2 2 71

1 1 1 1 1 1

72 11 2 5 1

69 8 3 22 15

36 8 14 4 1 45 11 73 197 10 1 1 3 9 10 6 1

106 11 21 8

38 7 1 2 1 3 38 65 3 10 17 1 274 18 17 35 30 518 2 1 23 8 1 1 4 4 2 14 2

3 12 2 5 1 7 1 18 5 14

11 132 4 25 2 23 2 40 23 46

33 2 1 402 1960

87 308

32 30 79 326 20

3 1 49 7 1 4 4 1 53 3 8 7 4 38 26 88 234 12

1 2 14 25 8

7 7 7

2 2

33 9

7 2

4 2 4 38 55 4

2 6 3

2 24 37 3

1 18 15 1

1 10 12 1

12 19 51 240 10 18 20 12 451 1 1 11 18 2

8 8 3 112 5 11 35 34 252

37 5 1 99 2 9 36 28 240

10 79 9 1 1 1 5 52 128 3 13 22 18 299 18 35 25 19 645 3 4 27 10 5 4 18 4 11 3 33 12 4 1 10 144 20 43 5 22 11 79 17 61 5 68 5 621 2541

1 6 1

1 22 2 1 1

1 1 1

37 2 8 3

11 1 19 32 3

39 5 109 204 3

6 1 1 1 1 25 3 1

19 1 6

29 4 42 105 1

22 1 51 99

21 7 3

13 5

12 5

34 5

18 3

17 2

5 8 2 254 10 21 22 11 446 3 13 7 2 1 1 4 1 2 2 7 4 4 1 8 171 11 31 1 26 8 51 7 32 2 29 1 425 1700

4 5 3 66 2 4 1 1 95

1 3

8 15 4

2 8 6

1 1

14 29 1 4 6 1 22 5 23 4

112 388

4 2 6 1 1 2 20 152 9 26 2 23 3 41 1 45 11 2 1 379 1324

1 3 1

1 1 3 1

13 69 9 9

16 48 3 12

11 2 32 6 37 3 12

15 1 22 3 27

230 1179

174 830

3372 9 77 21 3 6 3 21 19 2 2 56 1 1 10 1 228 27 7 32 22 1 280 24 60 23 4 219 78 472 1220 54 1 2 5 83 60 23 1 10 237 35 1 10 4 17 182 325 16 90 84 78 1386 64 120 173 136 2718 8 8 94 66 12 2 6 28 5 22 9 66 19 9 3 93 755 57 154 11 132 28 303 66 284 10 175 9 2 2428 10228

Takeaway Food

items

Total

Shopping Centre

Retail

Residential

Industrial

Highway

Car Park

Beach GLASS METAL MISCELLANEOUS PAPER/PAPERBOARD PLASTIC

Recreational Park

NSW - ANNUAL 2015/16

items

Beverage Containers

Items Counted

9 77 21 3 6 3 21 19 2

1 1 1 161

32 22 1 280 24 60

219

358

279

83 35 10

325 16 90

415

6 28 5 22 9 66 9 93

154 11 132 303 66 284 175

308 887

1052 1829

Detailed Litter Volume Tables – New South Wales

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

METAL

Shopping Centre

0.027

0.065

0.034

0.216

0.098

0.091 1.310 13.193 15.424

0.058 0.374 9.953 1.815 0.229 0.277 3.193 1.781 1.916 0.212

1.781 22.352 0.212 1.666 0.334

0.277 0.639 1.781

0.216

3.240 0.907 0.831

0.277

2.177

0.594

0.212 0.108

0.088 0.291

0.020

1.059

1.158

0.431 0.431 1.702 0.462

0.018 0.005 0.018 3.069 0.099

0.006

0.105

1.013 0.327 6.561 0.302 0.005 0.087 0.590 0.147 0.080 0.079 0.003 0.001 9.195

0.170

0.043 0.266 1.068 0.738 0.311 1.654

2.229

3.120

41.574 252.000 1.026 2.157 0.431

35.960 180.000 2.053 9.275 6.255

15.319 2.862 6.242 1.623 2.285 0.178 0.117 0.114 32.355 0.145 0.000 0.180 2.813 0.008 0.135 0.001 0.001

45.107 4.198 9.710 3.710

3.283 4.371 0.506 1.250 2.070 3.038 8.279 47.017 0.756 0.024 2.958 1.180 0.926 1.400 0.175 0.070 0.026 74.046 0.002 0.088 0.781 0.002 4.162 11.229 2.131 2.582 2.402 8.398 0.600

0.002 0.014 0.001 3.940 0.771 0.056 0.000 0.141 0.048 0.058

0.006 0.165 0.001 19.698 3.083 0.184 0.000 0.309 0.221 0.190

2.277

6.832 4.273 0.230 67.569 470.910

11.557 25.096

0.128 0.318 0.122 80.876 0.306

2.229 0.187 22.382 156.000 0.684 1.726 1.726 0.216 22.553 1.145 3.468 3.015 15.995 0.150 0.270 0.137 51.085 0.184

0.360 2.250 0.013 0.331 0.001

0.006 0.095 0.001

0.001 0.027

0.286 5.716 2.187 4.140 4.051 8.279 40.092 1.210

2.138 5.398 6.052 0.506 0.625 1.035 5.063 11.329 92.941 0.756 0.030 3.828 20.650 1.011 1.440 0.365 0.050 0.017 145.698 0.004 0.350 0.899 0.002 41.620 0.345 9.322 7.478 7.745 3.603 20.219 19.021 1.400 2.137 0.005 0.179 0.005 33.880 7.708 0.172 0.003 0.615 0.163 0.252 0.188 13.974 10.683 181.973 629.998

0.446 0.544 12.000

0.446 8.536 36.000 0.684 0.216

0.213 0.462 0.232

15.745 0.763 3.468 1.391

0.044 0.005 0.029 0.985 0.046

0.156 0.053 0.170 22.646 0.038

0.656 0.342 0.216 0.216 0.216 10.426 1.387 0.464

1.059

7.872 0.191 2.543

0.114 0.042 0.066 13.488 0.008

0.088 0.011 0.080 10.784

0.019 0.095 0.000

0.012 0.061

0.011 0.068

0.074 1.009

0.332 3.362

0.080 1.681

0.079 1.009

0.312

0.937

0.312

0.327 4.009 0.756

2.025 5.120 26.607 0.756

1.013 3.813 10.570 0.151

0.506 2.179 8.747 0.151

0.029 3.306 59.590 0.811 0.760 0.185 0.040 0.011 103.539 0.001 0.044 0.356 0.004 12.486

0.019 1.392 3.540 0.377 0.400 0.116 0.071 0.030 23.485

0.089 0.783 1.180 0.335 0.120 0.090 0.072 0.025 15.598

0.180

0.012 1.392 2.360 0.857 0.760 0.217 0.044 0.010 71.325 0.005

0.008 0.870 2.950 0.221 0.120 0.037 0.002 0.001 10.623

0.424 0.002 12.486 22.458 0.043 2.131 2.137 1.475 1.802 4.044 6.616 1.400 1.068 0.004 0.214 0.003 24.425 1.542 0.204 0.003 0.395 0.067 0.132 0.075 6.004

0.017 0.001

0.828

0.460 89.617 390.753

5.184 29.426

0.272 0.003 29.134

0.175 0.255 0.001

0.043

0.311 0.827

0.007 0.036 0.000 2.758 0.048 0.000 0.172 0.043 0.093

2.582 2.402 3.733 0.827 0.200 3.205 0.011 0.190 0.002 20.485 3.083 0.184 0.001 0.321 0.010 0.186 2.174 3.205 0.230 55.921 227.001

0.266

0.533

0.369 1.866 0.827

0.369 0.601 1.866 0.827

0.007 0.086 0.002 7.091

0.008 0.060 0.001 9.061

0.084 0.001 0.251 0.053 0.151 0.113 2.381

0.120 0.000 0.168 0.029 0.111 1.656

42.955 80.730

15.841 43.395

0.388 3.369 35.414 19.053 1.374 3.049 3.832 8.115 24.268 0.636 1.666 1.090 0.291 1.059 8.468 0.187 111.869 636.000 4.790 13.805 9.275 0.431 118.937 9.158 27.743 10.436 18.280 0.876 0.822 0.736 215.288 0.826 0.000 0.720 5.063 0.076 0.810 0.004 0.001 2.138 9.638 23.201 1.013 5.935 7.245 16.709 39.652 236.544 4.838 0.216 14.616 92.040 4.685 5.080 1.264 0.351 0.120 453.509 0.011 0.657 3.173 0.015 99.888 33.687 0.474 14.649 10.683 15.859 10.810 40.748 30.599 3.600 6.410 0.049 0.944 0.015 121.337 16.186 1.053 0.009 2.372 0.634 1.172 0.375 36.125 18.162 0.920 470.617 1897.309

Volume

Retail

0.016

0.083 1.684 8.333 0.454 1.145 1.386

Total

Residential

0.010

Recreational Park

0.694 0.454

Industrial

0.013

Highway

Car Park

GLASS

Beach

NSW - ANNUAL 2015/16

Volume

Beverage Takeaway Food Containers

Computed Volume - Litres

3.369 35.414 19.053 1.374 3.049 3.832 8.115 24.268 0.636

0.291 1.059 0.187 100.645

13.805 9.275 0.431 118.937 9.158 27.743

0.876

151.607

28.619

0.076

0.076 23.201 5.935

236.544 4.838 0.216

33.974

236.760

0.474 14.649 10.683 15.859 10.810 40.748 3.600 0.049

121.337 16.186 1.053 2.372 0.634 1.172 36.125

234.348 520.573

41.405 306.860

Queensland Key Messages and Insights        

Queensland recorded a 19% decline in litter counted versus 2014/15 This is largest decline in history of NLI in Queensland Litter levels at their lowest level since surveying commenced Volumetric decline of 30%, indicating less high volume litter items counted Reductions seen across all categories; cigarette litter still dominant With the exception of car parks and retail precincts, less litter was found across all site types with the greatest reduction seen on major roads/highways Retail shopping centres and industrial precincts have the highest litter counts, driven by cigarette litter Industrial precincts and beaches/recreational swimming areas have the highest volumetric litter loads

Survey Specifics The national litter index surveys 151 sites across SE Queensland, with an area surveyed of 224,004 square metres. While city and suburban areas are the primary focus of the survey, a number of regional/rural sites, are also surveyed. A further 15 rural highway/road sites are surveyed and reported separately. The breakdown is shown in the table below.

Litter Counts As shown in the following table, the 2015/16 survey counted 18.8% less litter than items counted in 2014/15. The reduction in litter counted occurred, with a few exceptions, across all major categories and site types. With the possible exceptions of cigarette litter in carparks and beverage containers in recreational parks, the exceptions were all very small. 27

The 2015/16 count is one of the biggest falls seen in Queensland in the history of the NLI, and comes after a period of relative stability in the total litter counted. The magnitude of the reduction is such that the 2015/16 survey recorded the lowest levels of litter ever counted in the history of the NLI.

Residential

203 26.5 220.5 4 129 67 106 2

350 98 242 7 185 134 172 5

757

1192

1963

982

218

520.5 898 43 592 658 969 46 2 5691

104.5 281.5 8 261 231 241 7 2 2117

25 266.5 6 113 99 113 2 1 842

21.7% 3.8% 30.6% 31.3% 5.6% 16.2% 8.7%

% REDUCTION

Car Park

QLD 2014/15

Beach QLD 2015/2016

1274 22.5 177 11 145 144 152 2 1 1927

Butts & Packaging

452

1158

Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

73.5 318 8 103 132 153 9 1 1248

40.5 221.5 7 144 139 158 4

54.6% 14.3% 29.9% 66.7% 16.5% 48.5% 27.9% 22.2% -100.0% 38.7% 38.7%

-10.1% 44.4% 20.1% -57.1% -0.7% -4.0% 4.1% 57.1% -100.0% -3.0% -3.0%

36.2% 29.9% 41.4% 5.5% 15.7% 37.4% 44.6% 25.0% 30.9% 30.9%

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL (excluding illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

1870

833 19 172.5 2 110 71 110 7 1 1324

473 3 41 3 56 41 71 1

443

740

430

6384

50 278.5 6 209 166 245 7 1 1403

15.5 196 4 140 76 121 2 1 1294

4 62 1 65 59 90 4

833.5 2522 82 1625 1558 2088 80 7 15177

20.9% -96.0% 13.1% -16.7% 11.3% 19.3% 29.9% 28.6% 100.0% 15.0% 15.0%

-12.6% -22.6% 12.0% 57.1% 21.8% 6.0% 9.1% -225.0% -100.0% -2.3% -2.3%

-9.9% 25.0% 33.9% -150.0% 14.0% 29.9% 21.2% 75.0%

-25.0% 17.9% 17.8%

6.9% -6.0% 17.3% 36.4% -13.7% 32.3% 5.8% -33.3% 100.0% 10.0% 10.1%

3.7% 3.7%

16.1% 16.3% 28.7% 6.1% 6.8% 18.3% 25.9% 30.8% -7.7% 18.8% 18.8%

687

714

5357 697.5 1797.5 77 1514 1273 1546 55 7 12324

QLD 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

13464 765 56.8

34271 1926 56.2

84076 3932 46.8

21520 1737 80.7

21972 757 34.4

30191 1192 39.5

11502 1323 115.0

7008 687 98.0

224004 12317 55.0

QLD 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

13464 1248 92.7

34271 1870 54.6

84076 5689 67.7

21520 2115 98.3

21972 841 38.3

30191 1403 46.5

11502 1293 112.4

7008 714 101.8

224004 15170 67.7

Total

Recreational Park

769 100.5 195.5 6 246 194 220 7 3 1739

205 63 223 3 86 68 110 7 1 766

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Shopping Centre

Industrial

1252 365 526 43 559 555 607 26 2 3933

QLD - ANNUAL 2016

Retail

Highway

Items Counted

Because all major litter categories saw reductions, the shape of the litter stream is relatively unchanged with beverage containers, cigarettes and takeaway containers continuing to represent 60‐65% of all litter counted as shown in the following chart: Volumetric Impacts The Queensland picture is also positive in volumetric terms, with a 29.7% decrease in litter volume (excludes illegal dumping) compared to the latest 2014/15 survey. There was a reduction in litter volumes across every category.

QLD 2014/15

% REDUCTION

2.048 56.980 39.817 0.108 0.831 0.242 15.319 0.355 60.000 175.701

0.785 17.784 11.824 0.069 0.434 0.084 2.510 0.122

1.238 56.794 15.025 0.137 0.625 0.167 37.095 0.223

33.611

111.306

0.858 9.158 8.954 0.029 0.370 0.089 5.766 0.221 24.000 49.445

0.381 2.215 3.332 0.049 0.188 0.051 1.916 0.034 8.167

Total

9.072 193.153 90.096 0.845 1.889 0.694 100.513 1.000 36.000 433.261

Shopping Centre

1.997 15.301 11.765 0.216 0.488 0.180 3.775 0.051 24.000 57.773

Retail

0.786 41.309 9.260 0.049 0.291 0.085 22.984 0.264 24.000 99.029

Residential

Industrial

QLD 2015/2016

Highway

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Car Park

Beach

QLD - ANNUAL 2016

Recreational Park

Computed Volume - Litres

17.165 392.695 190.073 1.502 5.117 1.591 189.878 2.269 168.000 968.292

Butts & Packaging

1.250

1.984

12.202

4.468

0.461

2.664

0.738

0.485

24.252

Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

42.130 10.020 0.147 0.348 0.165 10.829 0.332 12.000 77.222

23.564 17.952 0.137 0.485 0.173 17.700 0.146

57.768 40.602 0.157 0.880 0.289 50.250 0.301 48.000 202.715

15.075 26.012 0.108 0.382 0.124 5.739 0.051 24.000 71.951

28.673 25.129 0.118 0.705 0.207 53.493 0.238 12.000 123.226

9.430 8.942 0.069 0.473 0.094 1.924 0.068 12.000 33.738

2.304 5.897 0.020 0.218 0.073 8.080 0.136

62.141

277.855 149.641 0.845 1.999 0.823 212.135 2.178 48.000 705.678

456.800 284.196 1.601 5.491 1.948 360.149 3.449 156.000 1293.885

37.1% 1.9% 7.6% 66.7% 16.5% 48.5% -112.2% 20.4% -100.0% -15.0% -28.2%

-0.7% 35.1% 34.5% -57.1% -0.7% -4.0% 78.7% 65.0% -100.0% 45.7% 7.0%

25.7% 30.5% 39.8% 0.0% 5.5% 15.7% 52.6% 54.1% 25.0% 39.6% 38.6%

54.2% 1.4% 1.9% 31.3% 5.6% 16.2% 69.5% -17.8% -25.0% 25.2% 13.3%

-70.6% -18.0% 54.5% 36.4% -13.7% 32.3% 56.3% -138.7% 100.0% 29.9% 53.3%

53.5% -98.1% 40.2% -16.7% 11.3% 19.3% 30.7% 6.0% 100.0% -0.1% 9.7%

-16.2% 2.9% -0.1% 57.1% 21.8% 6.0% -199.7% -225.0% -100.0% -17.1% -46.6%

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL (excluding illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

17.212 21.4% 3.9% 43.5% -150.0% 14.0% 29.9% 76.3% 75.0% 52.6% 52.6%

29.2% 14.0% 33.1% 6.1% 6.8% 18.3% 47.3% 34.2% -7.7% 29.7% 25.2%

Littering Location The breakdown of the location of the litter found in Queensland is contained in the following charts which show less litter was found across most site types, with the most significant reductions seen on beaches and major roads/highways with smaller reductions observed around residential streets, recreational parks, industrial precincts and in shopping centres. More litter was counted in car parks and retail shopping precincts. Once again, and notwithstanding the litter reductions, the shape of the litter stream in Queensland, over the longer term, is relatively stable as shown below: Beaches 30

Around beaches and recreational swimming locations, the 2015/16 survey found less litter across all categories with the biggest reductions found in cigarette and takeaway food packaging litter.

Car Parks After three years of steady reductions, the 2015/16 survey counted 3% more litter in Queensland car parks. A 10% increase in cigarette litter offset reductions in beverage containers and takeaway food packaging. The small changes observed in other litter categories did not materially impact the overall amount of litter counted. 31

Major Roads/Highways The biggest reduction in litter counted in Queensland in the 2015/16 survey was observed on major roads and highways, a continuation of a long term trend. Major reductions in litter was observed across all litter categories.

Industrial Precincts While the 2015/16 survey counted less litter in industrial precincts, the longer term trend suggests litter levels across this site type are relatively unchanged. Of perhaps more interest is the impact of cigarette litter on the overall litter counts in industrial precincts ; more cigarette litter inevitably results in higher total litter and vice‐versa.

Recreational Parks Litter levels in the 2015/16 survey of Queensland’s recreational parks in Queensland fell by 10% from 2014/15. Small increases in beverage container, other paper and plastic bag litter offset falls across all other litter categories. The most notable decline occurred in takeaway food packaging although it still remains the biggest source of litter in Queensland parks. The 2015/16 survey sees a continuation of the long term trend of falling litter levels. Residential Streets The picture in residential streets is not too different to that seen in recreational parks with a continuation of the long term trend of falling litter levels. The 2015/16 survey fund 15% less litter on residential streets with beverage container litter the only category to show any significant increase.

Retail Precincts and Shopping Centres The picture across these two site types is predominantly the same, namely that cigarette and takeaway food packaging are the dominant sources of litter found. Furthermore, the 2015/16 survey found increased levels of cigarette litter at both site types Litter counts in shopping centres fell slightly (3.7%) while they rose slightly in retail precincts (2.3%). The longer term trend in retail would suggest reducing litter loads whereas the trend in shopping centres is far more volatile and drawing any major conclusion on this data alone is difficult.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken into account, retail precincts have the highest litter loads in Queensland. The 2015/16 survey showed found, on average, 115 items per 1000 sq meters, an increase from 112.4 items per 1000 sq meters found in the 2014/15 survey.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Items Counted

QLD 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

13464 765 56.8

34271 1926 56.2

84076 3932 46.8

21520 1737 80.7

21972 757 34.4

30191 1192 39.5

11502 1323 115.0

7008 687 98.0

224004 12317 55.0

QLD 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

13464 1248 92.7

34271 1870 54.6

84076 5689 67.7

21520 2115 98.3

21972 841 38.3

30191 1403 46.5

11502 1293 112.4

7008 714 101.8

224004 15170 67.7

QLD - ANNUAL 2016

A different picture emerges in volumetric terms, which indicates that the volumetric litter loads are significantly greater around beaches and industrial precincts. Overall, litter loads decreased across all site types with the exception of residential streets, which stayed at 3.7 litres.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Computed Volume - Litres

QLD 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

13464 75.029 5.6

34271 33.773 1.0

84076 397.261 4.7

21520 115.701 5.4

21972 33.611 1.5

30191 111.306 3.7

11502 25.445 2.2

7008 8.167 1.2

224004 800.292 3.6

QLD 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

13464 65.222 4.8

34271 62.141 1.8

84076 657.678 7.8

21520 154.715 7.2

21972 47.951 2.2

30191 111.226 3.7

11502 21.738 1.9

7008 17.212 2.5

224004 1137.885 5.1

QLD - ANNUAL 2016

Detailed Litter Count Tables ‐ Queensland

4 1

1 2

1 3 1 5 1 33 1 1 5 5

43 1

16 1

67 2 2 24 14 1 136 9 9 3

12 3 2 6 6 34 2 3 1

3 2 2

46 74 99 414 54

15 28 41 137 11

26 12 40 126 9

47 4 27 90 7 1 1

3 13 52

2 6 14

15 1 6

38 166 14 1 2

1 36 3 1 2

18 4 8 1 1 38 1

3 1

7 1 1

44 1 13 76 11 1 3

55 25 48 136 8

16 4 14

5 2 10

1 49 1 1

24 1

4 9

9 10

41 91 2

1 1

28 13 5 559 42 76 24 7 902

3 4 4 246 6 32 16 2 370

3 23 1 2 2 3 65 3 9 5 28 9 8 1 6 555 39 22 2 59 22 130 14 59 23 85 2 1 1173 3933

3 4 1

1 9 2 1 86 1 3 12 4 130 5 1 7 16 2 1 3 1 1 1 6 1 2 34 68 5 5 2 47 4 26 8 23 3 9 1 276 766

145 1 4 31 12 212

2 4

1 1 1 4 2 1 15 144 6 2 2 17 24 6 29 17

274 1927

1 9 43

1 20 3 1 2 7 2 2 3 194 29 8 2 21 8 55 4 18 10 31 1 1 422 1739

4 1 1

7 1

1 4 2

1 1

3 3

2 5 1 11 28 3

9 1

1 1 1

2 1 1 27 2 30 63 2

7 8 25 41

32 2

22 3 1

1 4 3

2 28

3 10

4 13

6 10 1

4 8

1 1

6 13 28 185 2 10 13 14 288

5 3 2 110 1 13 26 18 187 3

129 1 9 10 2 170 2 1 1 25

1 1 4

1 4 3

7 4

3 2 1

6 1 1 1

2 3

56 8 15 5 88

1 1 29 67 3 4 1 30 2 35 9 35 1 4

1 1 23 134 10 25 1 27 8 75 4 30 4 27

27 5 24 1 9

11 2 6

253 757

382 1192

208 1324

76 687

26 71 4 1 21

5281 11 40 16 2 4

1 4 41 1 1 1 5

1 77 3 1 8 1 166 7 4 44 33 1 196 40 20 5 1 266 153 320 1081 100 2 17 79 35 107 1 43 382 21 2 5 1 76 186 2 1 51 36 39 1514 53 153 146 61 2345 9 8 48 53 4 2 11 94 10 12 11 50 13 14 2 139 1273 96 67 9 225 43 380 49 221 40 184 2 2 3063 12324

y y y y y y y y y

11 40 16 2 4

3.930 18.517 14.063 0.687 1.782

3 3

1.188 3.193

y y

3 1

1.743 1.059

1 81

0.187 46.349

y y y y y

44 33 1 196 40

18.982 14.236 0.431 83.192 15.264

314

Volume

471

Takeaway Food

items

829 1 3 1

Volume

345 3 4 1

items

199 1 1 1 1

Beverage Containers

760 2 5

Total

Industrial

1211 1 17 2

Shopping Centre

Highway

1266 1 2 1 1

Retail

Car Park

202 3 9 11 1

Residential

Beach CIGARETTE BUTTS Alcoholic sodas / spirit-based mixers, all sizes Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml+ Cider/fruit based etc. Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), <1 litre Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr/sprts dr, (non-carb), 1 litre+ Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ Fruit juice, < 1 litre Fruit juice, 1 litre+ Other glass Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), <1 litre Plain water (carbonated or non-carb.), 1 litre+ Wine & spirit, all sizes Wine cooler, all sizes Total ILLEGAL DUMPING Aerosols - pressure packs Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes Cider/fruit based etc. Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes Flav. water/soft drink, (non-carb), all sizes Foil take away Food cans (including pet food) Industrial cans - all types Metal bottle tops and can pull rings Metal pieces Other foil Total Clothing & materials Condoms Construction materials Disposable nappies Ice cream sticks Other miscellaneous Rubber pieces (not tyres) Syringes Tyres & pieces Total Cartons, flavoured milk < 1 litre Cartons, flavoured milk 1 litre+ Cartons, fruit juice, < 1 litre Cartons, fruit juice, 1 litre+ Cartons, milk, plain (white) all sizes Cigarette packets Cups/take away containers Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink, non-carb, <1 litre Flav. water / fruit j. drink/ sports drink, (non-carb), 1 litre+ Ice cream wrappers Junk mail / free circulars Newspapers & magazines Other paper Packages & boxes Paper bags Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg, lists) Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. Total 6 ring can holders Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags Bags - supermarket type light weight carry bags Bread bag tags Containers, domestic type Containers, industrial e.g. oil Drink pouches Flav. milk, <1 litre Flav. milk, 1 litre+ Flav.wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) <1 litre Flav. wtr/fruit j. dr, sprts dr etc.(non-carb) 1 litre+ Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) <1 litre Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated) 1 litre+ Fruit juice <1 litre Fruit juice, 1 litre+ Lollipop sticks Other plastic Packing tape & straps Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) <1 litre Plain water (carbonated or non-carb) 1 litre+ Plastic bottle tops Sacks - sheeting - other bags Snack bags & confectionary wrappers Spoons/ cutlery Straws Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc Take away & cups White milk, all sizes Wine cask bladders Total GRAND TOTAL

Beverage Containers Takeaway food

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

METAL

GLASS

QLD - ANNUAL 2016

Recreational Park

Items Counted

9.016

266

1.062

285

10.078

0.073

186

135.585

0.122

237

135.707

139

0.074

132.105

13.786

2.811

y y

2 1

0.605 2.070

19.272

y y y y y y

11 94 10 12 11 50

0.906 49.807 20.299 8.851 13.212 30.794

5.601 y

y y

67 9

275 698

52.395 13.103

194.969 392.695

225

1.797

y y y

380 49 221

2.975 0.470 0.910

184

37.988

1197

44.214 190.073

Detailed Litter Volume Tables ‐ Queensland

1.782 0.198

0.396

0.198 1.916

0.555 0.049 0.581 4.011 0.187 20.626 24.000 0.342 2.157 2.157

0.216

0.446 2.911 24.000 1.079 0.431

2.766 0.191 0.231

1.702

0.174 0.011 0.020 8.049 0.168 0.000 0.900

0.220 0.265 0.074 4.002 0.115

0.015 0.054 0.002

0.004 0.027 0.002

0.113 1.252 0.336 0.506

0.148 0.336

0.763 6.196 2.070 0.020 0.261 1.180 0.291 0.080 0.026 0.024 0.003 11.757 0.008 0.044 0.221 0.004 12.486 0.043 1.598 2.137 0.369 1.201 3.422 1.654 0.600 0.018 0.085 0.001 3.940 2.312 0.376 0.001 0.200 0.072 0.095 0.113 1.863 0.460 33.321 99.029

0.231

0.845 0.291 1.783

0.108

3.198 60.000 1.026 2.588 2.588

2.375

14.468 0.572 1.387 0.464

1.277 0.572 0.925

0.182 0.779 0.154 85.419 0.826

0.060 0.297 0.063 23.515 0.168

0.104 0.127 0.062 19.622 0.130

2.880

1.260

0.186 0.037 0.041 5.969 0.099 0.000 0.360

0.002 0.169 0.008

0.001 0.074 0.002

0.014 0.014 0.001

8.438 12.323 9.078 1.013 1.250

0.113 1.619 2.017 0.506 1.250

0.016 0.047 0.001 0.001 0.113 0.638 0.672

0.506 1.961 31.345

0.001 0.174

0.066 2.175 5.900 1.889 3.360 0.799 0.048 0.006 101.304

0.007 0.696 4.720 0.831 0.440 0.339 0.032 0.001 44.652

0.219 0.781 0.000 16.648 33.687 0.259 34.626 6.410 6.270 6.006 17.108 14.059 3.200 1.068 0.003 0.694 0.010 16.940 3.083 0.468 0.007 1.014 0.130 0.241 0.844 17.493 3.205 0.230 184.703 433.261

0.219 0.136 0.000

0.533 2.137 0.369 2.177 2.481 0.400 0.008 0.180 0.002 1.576 2.312 0.132 0.184 0.058 0.118 3.519

16.237 57.773

0.029

0.049

0.530

13.372 36.000 1.026 10.354 6.040 0.216 57.873 3.244 4.161 1.391

8.933 66.334 0.454

0.051 0.001

0.137 0.581

1.188 3.193

0.446

1.852 7.290

0.488 0.080 0.037 0.062 0.010 10.330

0.069 0.291 0.530

0.396 1.277

0.086 10.388 5.342 0.369 1.802 4.044 2.481 0.600 0.002 0.242 0.008 5.909 2.312 0.164 0.002 0.431 0.034 0.072 0.375 6.314 1.068 0.230 42.629 175.701

0.342 1.726 0.863

8.111

0.863 1.941 0.216 4.468 10.685 1.156

4.449 24.000

0.049

0.216 0.216 0.426

0.213

0.694 0.464 2.285 0.108 0.016 0.046 4.254 0.023

0.231

0.028 0.085 0.038 0.811

0.540

0.698 1.345

0.020 0.034 0.000

0.000 0.047 0.000

0.338 0.414

0.563 0.611

0.312

0.763 9.112

1.198 7.290 0.151

0.763 5.832

0.002 0.174

0.013 2.262 32.450 0.625 0.160 0.106 0.026 0.012 45.951

0.012 0.522 1.770 0.370 0.040 0.138 0.052 0.015 9.513 0.004

0.434 0.080 0.095 0.020 0.002 11.355 0.002 0.088 0.034 0.006

0.533 0.738 4.204

0.088 0.136 0.001

0.221 0.001

1.598 3.205 0.369

0.518 0.533 1.068 0.369

0.327 2.187

0.188 0.079 0.030 0.004 2.815

0.034

2.799

0.622

0.200 1.068 0.015 0.084 0.001 3.152 1.542 0.240 0.001 0.270 0.086 0.142 0.019 0.828

0.400 1.068 0.012 0.167 0.003 19.698 0.771 0.212 0.002 0.583 0.034 0.122 0.131 5.486

0.200

0.207 0.043 0.097 0.019 1.760

0.086 0.014 0.023

13.252 33.611

36.884 111.306

6.720 49.445

3.827 8.167

0.014 0.089 0.001 0.788 0.168

0.607 3.930 18.517 14.063 0.687 1.782

0.622

1.068 0.002 0.051 0.000 0.394 0.771 0.036

0.725

0.555 1.502 1.743 1.059 6.686 0.187 55.092 168.000 2.737 18.982 14.236 0.431 83.192 15.264 9.016 2.319 2.285 1.062 1.617 0.499 151.640 1.530 0.000 5.940 0.073 0.466 0.018 0.001 9.675 17.703 13.786 2.025 2.811 0.506 16.558 135.585 0.605 2.070 0.122 6.264 46.020 5.117 4.240 1.619 0.295 0.054 237.678 0.014 0.657 1.612 0.012 29.134 33.687 0.906 49.807 20.299 8.851 13.212 30.794 20.675 5.601 4.273 0.074 1.591 0.026 52.395 13.103 1.797 0.013 2.975 0.470 0.910 1.500 37.988 4.273 0.920 337.571 968.292

y y y y y y y y y

11 40 16 2 4

3.930 18.517 14.063 0.687 1.782

3 3

1.188 3.193

y y

3 1

1.743 1.059

1 81

0.187 46.349

y y y y y

44 33 1 196 40

18.982 14.236 0.431 83.192 15.264

314

Volume

0.054

Takeaway Food

items

0.095 0.374 1.389 0.454

Volume

0.040 0.936 1.852 0.907

items

0.023 0.374 0.231 0.454 0.229

Beverage Containers

0.087 0.561 2.083

Total

Industrial

0.139 0.374 7.870 1.815

Shopping Centre

Highway

0.146 0.187 0.926 0.907 0.229

Retail

Car Park

0.023 1.123 4.166 9.527 0.229

Residential

Beach

Beverage Containers Takeaway food

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

METAL

GLASS

QLD - ANNUAL 2016

Recreational Park

Computed Volume - Litres

9.016

266

1.062

285

10.078

0.073

186

135.585

0.122

237

135.707

139

0.074

132.105

13.786

2.811

y y

2 1

0.605 2.070

19.272

y y y y y y

11 94 10 12 11 50

0.906 49.807 20.299 8.851 13.212 30.794

5.601

y y

67 9

52.395 13.103

225

1.797

y y y

380 49 221

2.975 0.470 0.910

184

37.988

1197

44.214 190.073

275 698

194.969 392.695

Northern Territory Key Messages and Insights    

 

15.7% reduction in litter counted, the first fall since 2010/11 Cigarette related litter fell by 28.8% in addition to less plastic bags (14.7% down), other paper (14.7% down) and general other (1.8% down) litter found. Beverage container litter increased (up 20.4%) along with takeaway food packaging (up 8.7%) with smaller increases in other glass (34.7% up) and other plastic categories (1.8% up). More litter was found around beaches and recreational swimming locations (+9.3%), car parks(+ 10.9% ) and recreational parks(+ 40.0%). Less litter was found on major roads and highways (‐ 29.9%), residential streets (‐ 7.3%) and industrial (‐27.8%), retail (‐9.0%) and shopping centre ‐(15.5%) precincts. Mix impacts meant that litter volumes only fell by 6.9% (excluding illegal dumping) Retail precincts have the highest litter loads

Survey Specifics The national litter index surveys 76 sites across the Northern Territory, with an area surveyed of 116,172 square metres with primary focus on suburban areas around Darwin and Alice Springs. The breakdown is shown in the table below. NORTHERN TERRITORY Site Types

Number Surveyed

Area Surveyed (sq m)

Suburban

Regional

Total

Beaches

4,000

Car Parks

14,680

Major Roads/Highways

43,660

Industrial Precincts

10,800

Recreational Parks

10,550

Residential Streets

18,141

Retail Precincts

5,791

Shopping Centres

8,550

TOTAL

116,172

Litter Counts As shown in the following table, the 2015/16 survey counted 15.7% less litter items than counted in 2014/15. The reduction was almost entirely driven by a 28.8% reduction in cigarette related litter although there was also less plastic bags (14.7% down), other paper (14.7% down) and general other (1.8% down) litter found. Offsetting these reductions was an increase in beverage container (up 20.4%) and takeaway food packaging (up 8.7%) with smaller increases in other glass (34.7% up) and other plastic categories (1.8% up). 38

711

1405

58.0% -18.4% -42.1% 18.2% 21.6% -37.5% 27.0% -7.7% -100.0% 28.0% 27.8%

-197.6% -200.0% -5.2%

-6.9% 2.7% 0.6% 33.3% 17.9% 30.9% 15.3% 43.6% -100.0% 7.5% 7.3%

11.3% 35.0% 2.3% -100.0% -0.6% -31.2% 40.3% 63.6%

948

1894

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

7 7 21.5 2 6 7 22 3

563 8.5 134 3 56 30 59 2

855

-53.8% -128.6% -2.3% 25.0% 25.0% 42.9% 11.4% -50.0%

0.8% -58.8% -37.3% -37.5% -10.2% -29.7% -66.7%

-9.3% -9.3%

-10.9% -10.9%

61 8 31 1 16 8 13 1 137

231 18 174 3 99 48 75 11 1 659

1279

21 2.5 29 1 26 9 10 1

216 18.5 174.5 5 120 70 88 20

835 20 346 4 86 39 65 11

39.2% 16.7% -36.8%

-40.0% -40.0%

740 13 338 8 87 51 39 4

9.0% 9.0%

Total

588

51.0% -16.7% -2.4% -58.3% 27.7% -1.4% -12.5% 4.0% 100.0% 29.8% 29.9%

559 14 184 3 77 33 77 3

Shopping Centre

292 19 70 6 74 32 89 7

10 16 22 2 5 4 20 5

Retail

1543 60 369.5 24 286 180 212 25 2 2700

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (excluding illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

Residential

Industrial

% REDUCTION

123 23 100 5 58 44 65 7 1 424

Car Park

NT 2014/15

756 70 379 38 207 182 239 24

Beach

NT 2015/2016

Highway

NT - ANNUAL 2016

Recreational Park

Items

381 8 82 5 49 27 59 5 1 616

2860 169 1308 64 596 396 584 58 3 6037

544 4.5 59 4 46 20 51 1 1 729

4019 140 1203.5 48 699 385 595 68 3 7159

30.0% -77.8% -39.0% -42.9% -7.7% -35.0% -14.7% -350.0% -100.0% 15.6% 15.5%

28.8% -20.4% -8.7% -34.7% 14.7% -2.7% 1.8% 14.7% -20.0% 15.7% 15.7%

The following chart indicates that this is the first reduction in litter since 2010/11 and as such it is too early to know if this is reflective of an improvement in NT litter management.

Volumetric Impacts The picture in volumetric terms reflects the changing shape of the NT litter stream where the 15.7% reduction in items counted only resulted in a 6.9% volumetric equivalent reduction (excluding illegal dumping). In simplistic terms the 2015/16 count found proportionately more of the higher volume items with the volumetric impact of increased beverage container litter easily offsetting the reduction in cigarette litter. Interestingly, while the 2015/16 survey found more takeaway food items, the volumetric impact of that litter was reduced. This is due almost entirely to the impact of foil trays. The 2015/16 survey found less trays which have a much larger volumetric impact than the increasing amount of virtually all other takeaway food items. The major contributors in to the general other result were less plastic white milk containers and less domestic containers.

108.675

0.827 4.855 13.982 0.059 0.189 0.037 9.034 0.078

10.835

29.061

-0.1% -57.8% -280.3% 25.0% 25.0% 42.9% -145.8% -42.6%

-105.3% -68.3% -5.5%

-102.2% -102.2%

-12.4% -12.4%

-37.5% -10.2% 16.3% -43.7%

22.400

32.252

0.111 1.174 1.895 0.020 0.086 0.011 0.118 0.017

1.876 11.507 22.825 0.088 0.406 0.087 13.113 0.769

1.511 11.900 22.355 0.079 0.291 0.048 40.363 0.454

30.392

3.432

50.671

77.000

42.4% -40.2% -42.0% 18.2% 21.6% -37.5% -4.8% 2.4% -100.0% -22.2% -101.1%

-591.5% -321.1% 63.7%

34.7% 6.0% 1.2% 33.3% 17.9% 30.9% -64.1% 48.0% -100.0% -12.4% -59.8%

51.1% 38.2% 23.1% -100.0% -0.6% -31.2% 84.5% 58.3%

39.2% 16.7% -13396.7%

-552.6% -552.6%

0.738 7.355 17.186 0.157 0.292 0.063 6.271 0.189

58.1% 58.1%

Total

39.9% -18.5% -1.6% -58.3% 27.7% -1.4% 57.1% 26.2% 100.0% 19.3% 40.5%

32.653

0.327 5.705 0.803 0.039 0.020 0.009 3.750 0.182

1.224 10.816 22.553 0.059 0.333 0.060 21.525 0.400 24.000 80.970

Shopping Centre

2.102 10.386 7.257 0.108 0.250 0.040 9.841 0.408

21.909

Retail

3.226 31.505 42.924 0.471 0.965 0.224 53.944 1.358 48.000 182.618

1.697 8.169 14.753 0.059 0.260 0.041 7.562 0.112

Residential

0.769 4.943 0.689 0.020 0.052 0.009 15.901 0.017

0.328 9.000 3.054 0.029 0.015 0.005 9.217 0.260

Industrial

% REDUCTION

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (excluding illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

1.212 14.563 10.305 0.088 0.196 0.055 10.315 0.399 24.000 61.133

Car Park

NT 2014/15

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

1.938 37.321 43.592 0.746 0.698 0.228 23.150 1.002

Beach

NT 2015/2016

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Highway

NT - ANNUAL 2016

Recreational Park

Volume - Litres

1.024 5.683 6.457 0.098 0.166 0.034 3.875 0.180 24.000 41.516

8.930 97.850 118.588 1.257 2.013 0.494 97.816 2.559 72.000 401.507

0.063 2.952 8.079 0.069 0.154 0.025 6.683 0.034 12.000 30.058

10.043 79.983 120.119 0.933 2.361 0.481 136.847 3.301 60.000 414.068

-1536.4% -92.5% 20.1% -42.9% -7.7% -35.0% 42.0% -429.1% -100.0% 3.0% -38.1%

11.1% -22.3% 1.3% -34.7% 14.7% -2.7% 28.5% 22.5% -20.0% 6.9% 3.0%

Littering Location The breakdown of the location of the litter found is contained in the following charts which show, compared to the 2014‐15 survey, more litter was found around beaches and recreational swimming locations(+9.3%), car parks(+10.9% ) and recreational parks(+40.0%). Less litter was found on major roads and highways (‐ 29.9%), residential streets (‐ 7.3%) and industrial (‐27.8%), retail (‐9.0%) and shopping centre (‐15.5%) precincts.

The following charts shows that over time, major roads and retail precincts have become a larger component of the NT litter stream.

Beaches and Recreational Swimming Locations As shown in the following chart, litter levels on the NT beaches fell dramatically from 2008/09 to 2011/12 and have remained relatively stable over subsequent surveys. While the 9.3% increase found in the 2015/16 survey is from a low base, a trend is emerging of increasing litter levels on NT beaches driven by increasing quantities of cigarette, beverage container and takeaway food packaging litter.

Car Parks

Litter in NT car parks also fell dramatically between the 2008/09 and the 2009/10 surveys and have remained relatively stable since. The most recent survey found 10.9% more litter than that observed in 2014/15 with cigarette litter the only category showing any reduction. The biggest contributor to the change was a 37.3% increase in takeaway food packaging which is becoming an increasingly large component of the litter stream observed in NT carparks and as shown in the following chart:

Major Roads/Highways The 2015/16 survey found 29.9% less litter on major roads/highways than found in the 2014/15 survey driven almost entirely by a 51% reduction in cigarette litter. There were also reductions in the amount of other paper and plastic bag litter found. The following chart however suggests that this reduction may be more a reflection of an abnormally high result in 2014/15 than a marked change in litter levels. The underlying trend shows that litter levels on major roads and highways in the Northern Territory have been steadily increasing since 2010/11.

Industrial Precincts The 2015/16 survey of NT industrial precincts found less amounts of litter across all categories. The biggest reductions were seen in cigarette litter with reductions also found in other glass, other paper and general other categories. These reductions were offset by increased levels of takeaway food packaging and other plastic litter. The following charts shows that over the longer term there is a degree of volatility in the litter levels found in NT industrial precincts which makes drawing definitive conclusions difficult.

Recreational Parks Despite the 2015/16 survey finding more litter in recreational parks the following chart shows that this may be more a result of an abnormally low result in the 2014/15 survey. The year‐on‐year increase is entirely driven by cigarette litter and appears to return the category back to historical norms. The long term trend in parks is for declining litter levels with reductions seen across all categories. Cigarette litter is not falling as fast as the the other categories and as a consequence is occupying a proprotionately greater share of the litter stream in NT recreational parks.

Residential Streets

Litter in residential streets fell by 7.3% in 2015/16 which follows on from a substantial fall in 2014/15. The 2015/16 result saw litter fall in every category except cigarette litter which grew by 6.9%. When looked at over the longer term, the 2015/16 result would suggest that litter levels and the shape of the litter stream are relatively stable. Retail Precincts Litter levels in retail precincts fell by 9.0% in 2015/16 although the longer term trend since 2010/11 has been increasing. Less cigarette, beverage container, takeaway food packaging, plastic bag and general other litter was offset by small increases across the remaining other categories.

Shopping Centres Litter counts around the Northern Territory shopping centres has shown significant year‐on‐year volatility. So while there has a 15.5% reduction between 2014/15 and 2015/16 it is difficult to draw any meaningful conclusion. The reduction was driven entirely by cigarette litter with littering levels in every other category increasing.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken in to account, retail precincts have significantly higher litter loads than seen at other sites. Around retail precincts the litter load in the 2015/16 survey is 220.8 items per 1000 sq metres. Across the NT, the 2015/16 survey found, on average, 51.9 items per 1000 sq metres versus 61.6 items per 1000 sq metres found in 2014/15 survey.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Items

NT 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

4000 82 20.5

14680 948 64.5

43660 1894 43.4

10800 423 39.2

10550 137 12.9

18141 658 36.2

5791 1279 220.8

8550 615 71.9

116172 6034 51.9

NT 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

4000 75 18.8

14680 855 58.2

43660 2698 61.8

10800 588 54.4

10550 98 9.2

18141 711 39.2

5791 1405 242.5

8550 729 85.2

116172 7156 61.6

NT - ANNUAL 2016

A slightly different picture emerges in volumetric terms which indicates that the volumetric litter loads are significantly greater in industrial precincts. Interestingly, litter loads increased across all site types with the exception of major roads/highways and shopping centres. The rationale for this has been explained earlier.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Volume - Litres

NT 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

4000 21.909 5.5

14680 32.653 2.2

43660 108.675 2.5

10800 37.133 3.4

10550 22.400 2.1

18141 56.970 3.1

5791 32.252 5.6

8550 17.516 2.0

116172 329.507 2.8

NT 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

4000 10.835 2.7

14680 29.061 2.0

43660 134.618 3.1

10800 30.392 2.8

10550 3.432 0.3

18141 50.671 2.8

5791 77.000 13.3

8550 18.058 2.1

116172 354.068 3.0

NT - ANNUAL 2016

Detailed Litter Count Tables – NT

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

377 1

1 3

3 4 10

1 4 2

1 1 4

1 6 11 1 15 2 38 3

9 1

48 32 15 169 17

22 4 7 56 13

1 39 45

2 12

1 5

2821 3 27 9 1 2 1

y y y y y y y y y

Takeaway Food

items

737

6 1 1 1

100

208

3 27 9 1 2 1

1 64 y y

14 1

1 1 2 12 5 1 1 1

38 3 3 65 6 1

1 1

3 8

8 1

17 1 1

1 1 2 2

2 8 8

1 5 3 2 77 8 4 24 6 145

2 3 1

1 2 1

1 1 5

7 111 4 1 1 1 9 30 1 16 1 4 207 16 14 7 4 311 4 21 1 1

8 1

11 1

3 7

1 2

1 1 1 1

6 1

1 27 1 2 1 1 6 6 1 1 1 1 58 4 2 2 4 86 3 4 1

6 1 4 15 1

17 2

15 3

6 2

22 6 3 53 12

55 2 78 4

18 5 2 34 7

1 1 3

1 1

5 4

1 5 3 2

21 3

13 2

11 1 1

2 1 4

16 2

1 2 1 1

6 16

3 9

6 12 2 99 3 8 4 3 159

15 3 2 87 4 6 7 3 140

1 11 2 2

1 3 2

5 4 1 1 4 1 49 3 3 25 5 100 1 4

1 1

1 2

1 4 1 1 2 6

4 33 1

3 3 1 1 5 1 33 82

46 2 26 8 29 9 1 161 948

2 3 5 3 2 2 182 9 1 1 105 8 79 13 38 11 14

498 1894

1 1 1

44 6 2 2 18 2 28 4 5 3 9

130 424

226

Beverage Containers

58 1 1

Total

1 2 1

Shopping Centre

748 1 15 3

117

1 3

Retail

Industrial

551

Residential

Highway

9 1 1 1

Car Park

Beverage Containers

Takeaway food

METAL

GLASS

Beach

NT - ANNUAL 2016

Recreational Park

Items

1 8 1 2 5 11 6 3 1 39 137

1 1 1 2

1 1 2 1

1 48 3 1 1 25 1 59 4 14 5 11

7 51

189 659

3 1

4 27 1

5 4 116 3 2 15 28 2 30 2 100 11

7 210 10 3 3 2 3 40 73 2 2 46 20 10 596 36 37 68 24 972 11 47 7 3 1 1 1 3 4 12 8 2

22 1 7 7 8 1 4

299 1279

1 88 616

3 1436 6037

4 46

y y y y y

15 28 2 30 2

208 52 34 481 63 2 5 1 7 53 74

19 396 20 5 6 298 14 319 49 132 20 61

74 1 108 11 32

307

7 y

y y

2 2

y y y y y y

3 4 12

119

1 1

y y

5 6

32 169

298

y y y

319 49 132

876 1308

Detailed Litter Volume Tables – NT

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

1.620

0.059

0.157

0.043 0.374

0.639

0.555 0.059

0.746

2.674 1.497 5.073

0.891

4.657

11.644

0.342 1.510 0.863

0.342 0.216 1.726

0.638

1.064

0.925

6.242 0.464

0.342 2.588 4.745 0.431 6.170 0.572 17.339 1.391

0.002 0.005 0.002 4.288 0.069 0.000 0.180 0.563

0.150 0.027 0.005 10.234 0.084 0.000

0.029

0.555 0.088

0.020

0.098

0.324 1.123 12.267 8.166 0.458 0.594 0.639

y y y y y y y y y

Volume

0.085

2.778 0.907 0.229 0.198

Volume

0.026

Total

0.198

0.007 0.187 0.463

Shopping Centre

0.198

0.231 1.361 0.229

Retail

0.086 0.374 6.712 2.722

0.013

0.231 2.722

Residential

Industrial

0.063

Recreational Park

Highway

0.001 0.187 0.231 0.454

Car Park

Takeaway Food Takeaway food

METAL

GLASS

Beach

NT - ANNUAL 2016

Beverage Containers

Volume - Litres

46.007

1.123 12.267 8.166 0.458 0.594 0.639

1.110 1.257 y y

0.014 0.000

0.041 0.001

0.825 0.336

0.126 0.506 0.312

1.035 1.013 0.327 1.093

1.519 1.634 5.832

4.411

1.035 0.012 0.435 1.770 0.260 0.600 0.037 0.049 0.005 14.006

0.175 0.085 0.000

0.044 0.068 0.000

0.001 0.590 0.015

3.104 24.000 1.294 2.804

0.216 0.647

1.915

0.851

3.930 0.464 0.086 0.042 0.010 10.546 0.199

1.080

0.180

0.000 0.527 0.007

0.020 0.002

0.312 1.035 0.506 1.852 21.504 0.302 0.037 0.174 4.130 0.698 1.280 0.143 0.013 0.004 34.344 0.307 0.696 0.000 4.162

4.171 24.000

1.777

0.473 24.000

0.342

0.190 0.339 0.023 34.132 0.260

1.463 3.337 2.354

0.670

0.113 0.514 0.336 1.519 0.312 1.035 1.198 4.009 1.035 0.002 0.174 0.590 0.196 0.280 0.021 0.004 0.003 10.716 0.263 0.136 4.162

0.024 0.005 0.006 1.749 0.015

0.431 0.431 0.216 0.426

0.216

0.647

1.277

0.213

7.860 0.928

6.936 1.160

2.774 0.696

0.088 0.058 0.005 10.443 0.176

0.220 0.016 10.166 0.054

0.070 0.053 0.002 4.455 0.107

0.001 0.007 0.000

0.180

0.007 0.000

0.061 0.001

0.563 0.005 0.034 0.000

0.022

0.417 1.681

0.655 1.009

0.115 0.672 0.506

0.937 1.035 0.763

0.052 0.016

0.831

0.017 0.000 4.162 11.229

1.198 11.663

0.654 6.561

0.013 2.088 1.770 0.333 0.200 0.085 0.008 0.003 19.042

0.036 0.522 2.360 0.292 0.320 0.058 0.013 0.002 12.764

0.044 0.356 0.000 12.486

0.088 0.102 0.000

0.738 0.601 0.622 3.308

0.369 0.601 0.933 0.827

0.001 0.060 0.001 0.788 0.771 0.200 0.000 0.462 0.034 0.058 0.169 2.174

0.004 0.063

0.980 2.551 0.151 2.070 0.008 0.087 0.166 0.200 0.032 0.051 0.004 8.515 0.044 0.136

0.043 0.266

0.266

0.311 2.481

0.622

0.000 0.005 0.000 0.394 2.312 0.044

0.002 0.041 0.000

0.023 0.029 0.004 0.019 0.932 0.230 7.311 21.909

0.364 0.001 0.200 0.072 0.120 1.760 0.230 3.566 32.653

1.106 3.003 2.799 4.962 0.600 0.001 0.228 0.002 0.788 1.542 0.837 0.003 0.615 0.120 0.155 0.413 2.795

25.131 108.675

0.601 0.311 0.827

0.055 0.002 1.182 2.312 0.140 0.000 0.215 0.038 0.021 0.113 1.863

12.241 61.133

0.000 0.009 0.000 2.312 0.040 0.082 0.025 0.518 0.460 19.121 22.400

22.871 80.970

1.555 0.827

0.002 0.034 0.000

4.457 1.497 31.568 72.000 1.368 6.255 12.079 0.647 12.553 0.572 46.007 5.102

1.575 6.011 6.389 2.532 1.874 4.140 3.038 8.606 53.213 0.454 4.140 0.110 3.480 11.210 2.013 2.880 0.391 0.138 0.021 104.629 0.964 1.595 0.002 24.972 11.229 0.043 0.533 2.213 4.804 7.154 13.232 0.600

1.760

0.172 0.000 0.055 0.067 0.031 0.038 0.725

6.806 32.252

0.230 3.915 41.516

1.150 100.962 401.507

0.588 0.000 0.842 0.106 0.130

1.497 24.743

y y y y y

6.255 12.079 0.647 12.553 0.572

0.830 0.546 0.053 86.013 0.964 0.000 1.620 1.125 0.006 0.709 0.012

0.010 0.494 0.005 3.546 9.249 2.385 0.004 2.494 0.466 0.542 0.750 12.525

0.394

32.107

0.830

46.837

0.006

0.006 y

6.389

1.874

y y

0.454 4.140

53.213

0.110

12.856

y y y y y y

2.213 4.804 7.154

0.600

53.324

0.043 0.533

y y

0.010

3.546 9.249

28.142 97.850

2.385

y y y

2.494 0.466 0.542

12.525

18.422 118.588

South Australia Key Messages and Insights  

 

2.9% increase in total litter items counted. Increased cigarette (+17.4%), beverage container (+61.7%), general other (+5.3%) and plastic bag litter (+4.2%) offset reductions across the other categories major roads/highways (‐13%) and industrial precincts (‐12.4%) were the only sites showing less litter. More litter was found around beaches and recreational swimming locations (+37.3%), car parks (+33.2%), recreational parks (+40.4 %), residential streets (+18.9%), retail precincts (+8.1%) and shopping centre (+1.4%) Equivalent litter volumes increased by 10.8% due to more higher volume beverage container and general other litter Retail precincts in particular impacted and moved from having one of the lowest volumetric litter loads to having the highest.

Survey Specifics The national litter index surveys 151 sites across South Australia, with an area surveyed of 247,052 square metres. While the primary focus of the survey is across suburban areas, a number of regional/rural sites outside Adelaide are also surveyed. The breakdown is shown in the table below. SOUTH AUSTRALIA Site Types

Number Surveyed

Area Surveyed (sq m)

Suburban

Regional

Total

Recreational Swimming

15,017

Car Parks

31,717

Major Roads/Highways

105,002

Industrial Precincts

22,786

Recreational Parks

20,003

Residential Streets

32,047

Retail Precincts

9,946

Strip Shopping Precincts

10,534

TOTAL

109

151

247,052

Litter Counts As shown below, the 2015/16 survey counted 2.9% more litter items than counted in 2014/15. Increased cigarette (+17.4%), beverage container (+61.7%), general other (+5.3%) and plastic bag litter (+4.2%) offset reductions across the other categories. Interestingly, each category showing increased litter saw increases across virtually all site types. The only exceptions related to the general other category where was a small increase on major roads/highways (all other affected 50

categories declined) and a decrease industrial sites where all the other affected categories increased.

Recreational Park

Residential 215 23 174 8 158 75 145 6 2 804

888 167 790 30 807 292 858 73 5 3909

637 22 305 18 329 168 487 9 4 1977

149 4.5 97 3 65 38 44 3

390

760 4 343.5 15 251 101 157 7 1 1637

-69.9% -377.8% -28.5% 38.5% 19.6% 11.3% -15.3% -40.0% -100.0% -37.2% -37.3%

-66.0% -1575.0% 11.1% -10.3% 30.9% 11.9% -65.6% -46.2% 100.0% -33.3% -33.2%

20.7% 27.5% 8.4% -5.0% 24.7% 10.8% -3.3% 17.2%

-11.9% -175.0% 18.2% 11.4% 38.2% 18.8% 30.3% -47.1% 50.0% 12.4% 12.4%

SA 2015/2016

277 22 106 8 39 28 49 7 1 536

SA 2014/15

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers TakeaSAy Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

163 4.5 82.5 13 49 31 43 5

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper % REDUCTION Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (excluding Illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

13.0% 13.0%

565

403 -47.7% -211.1% -25.3% 50.0% -16.3% -34.7% -78.4% -33.3% -40.4% -40.4%

1136

822 14 125 4 69 37 103 8 1 1181

4939 361 1933 89 1421 713 1957 111 10 11532

124 14 166.5 8 149 82 127 5 2 676

725 3 107.5 8 98 57 50 3

763 4 149 5 94 52 94 4

1051

1164

4208 223 2041 99 1839 820 1859 106 12 11205

-74.1% -64.3% -4.2% 6.3% -6.4% 8.5% -14.2% -22.2% 25.0% -19.1% -18.9%

-0.3% -1233.3% -18.6% 31.3% 1.5% 33.3% -94.0% -80.0%

-7.7% -237.5% 16.1% 22.2% 27.1% 29.8% -9.6% -114.3% -100.0% -1.3% -1.4%

-17.4% -61.7% 5.3% 9.6% 22.8% 13.1% -5.3% -4.2% 13.0% -2.9% -2.9%

Retail

Total

Industrial 712 61 250 16 203 136 340 13 2 1731

220 14 122 2 75 51 79 4

2181

705 121 724 32 608 261 886 60 5 3400

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Shopping Centre

Highway

1261 67 306 16 173 89 260 10

Beach

SA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Car Park

Items

728 40 128 6 96 38 97 5

-8.1% -8.1%

The chart below shows how litter levels in SA have changed over time. Following the step change in 2013/14 survey it is difficult to ascertain whether the 2015/16 survey represents a shift in SA litter levels or is simply reflective of year‐to‐year variability. There is certainly a change in the shape of the litter stream and beverage container litter is approaching the levels seen in 2008/09 and immediately prior to the increase in deposit refund from 5 cents to 10 cents.

Volumetric Impacts The changing shape of the SA litter stream is also reflected in the volumetric calculations where the 2.9% increase in items counted has resulted in a 10.8% increase in volumetric equivalent (excl illegal dumping). Beverage container litter (+78.7%) and increases across the general other category (+5.7%) were the most significant contributors to the increase. Investigating the sub contributor to the general other result highlighted significant increases in litter from flavoured soft drink>1 litre; industrial oil containers; newspapers/magazines; tyres; and, food cans offset by reductions in domestic containers. Interestingly, despite significant increases in the quantity of cigarette litter found, the volumetric impact has reduced. This is a result of finding more, lower volume cigarette butts but less, higher volume cigarette packaging. It is also interesting to note the significant increases in volumetric litter seen in retails precincts where the impact of increased beverage container and general other litter has had a significant impact.

8.021 12.416 54.188 0.344 1.110 0.209 57.924 0.476 96.000 230.689

-5878.3% -428.9% -23.2% 38.5% 19.6% 11.3% 47.2% -5.1% -100.0% 10.7% -14.6%

-32.1% -1780.5% 18.7% -10.3% 30.9% 11.9% 15.7% -21.1% 100.0% -29.4% -15.6%

33.2% 14.8% 4.5% -5.0% 24.7% 10.8% -11.6% 17.9% -10.0% 1.2% -1.1%

54.2% -189.3% 35.3% 11.4% 38.2% 18.8% 15.6% -11.6% 37.5% 7.0% 19.7%

SA 2014/15

0.019 2.183 8.033 0.255 0.164 0.039 36.594 0.277

1.935 22.445 16.634 0.108 0.324 0.048 33.301 0.206

1.756 8.073 12.599 0.157 0.502 0.103 50.332 0.153 48.000 121.674

15.644 0.344 4.010 4.426 0.059 0.218 0.047 5.946 0.102 15.151 29.3% -65.9% -59.7% 50.0% -16.3% -34.7% 80.2% -59.7% -3.3% -3.3%

42.8% -52.2% -38.3% 6.3% -6.4% 8.5% -11.0% -57.4% -25.0% -18.9% -21.3%

Total

11.534 89.705 186.669 0.589 2.728 0.365 182.846 3.722 120.000 598.158

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers TakeaSAy Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

1.005 12.289 17.430 0.147 0.534 0.094 55.887 0.240 60.000 147.626

Shopping Centre

47.565

3.571 2.486 42.187 0.285 0.847 0.126 50.206 0.355 12.000 112.063

SA 2015/2016

0.243 6.650 7.066 0.029 0.254 0.063 1.176 0.163

75.001

0.530 7.504 13.748 0.069 0.232 0.046 18.026 0.335 24.000 64.490

20.928 219.496 312.490 1.748 4.801 0.891 423.056 5.253 288.000 1276.664

0.737 1.758 6.299 0.157 0.330 0.071 6.103 0.085

0.632 2.203 14.084 0.088 0.318 0.065 10.107 0.119

15.539

27.616

26.614 122.836 328.484 1.935 6.216 1.024 400.058 5.288 276.000 1168.455

-162.6% -1176.5% -164.1% 31.3% 1.5% 33.3% -445.7% -143.2%

16.2% -240.6% 2.4% 22.2% 27.1% 29.8% -78.4% -182.0% -100.0% -46.6% -133.5%

21.4% -78.7% 4.9% 9.6% 22.8% 13.1% -5.7% 0.7% -4.3% -10.8% -9.3%

Retail

3.675 35.920 35.059 0.304 0.686 0.170 48.903 0.532 60.000 185.249

1.121 11.546 9.896 0.157 0.132 0.034 19.314 0.291 12.000 54.491

Residential

Industrial

129.521

7.702 76.387 178.356 0.619 2.055 0.326 204.142 3.056 132.000 604.642

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Recreational Park

Highway

4.718 46.755 34.301 0.314 0.585 0.111 42.308 0.430

Beach

SA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Car Park

Volume - Litres

-382.7% -382.7%

Littering Location The breakdown of the location of the litter found is contained in the following charts which show, compared to the 2014‐15 survey, that major roads/highways (‐13%) and industrial precincts (‐12.4%) were the only sites showing less litter. More litter was found around beaches and recreational swimming locations (+37.3%), car parks (+33.2%), recreational parks (+40.4 %), residential streets (+18.9%), retail precincts (+8.1%) and shopping centre (+1.4%).

The following chart shows that over time car parks and shopping centres have become a larger component of the SA litter stream. There are signs that litter levels are proportionately increasing on beaches whereas proportionately less litter is being found on major roads/highways.

Beaches and Recreational Swimming Locations As shown below the 2015/16 survey saw a significant increase in the litter levels on the SA beaches after four years of relative stability. Increased cigarette litter (+69.9%) was the primary driver but there was also significant increases in beverage container, takeaway food packaging and general other litter categories. Cigarette litter on SA beaches has been steadily increasing since 2010/11 and is now back at 2008/09 levels.

Car Parks The situation in SA carparks is similar to SA beaches with the 2015/16 survey counting more litter than seen in previous surveys. Once again virtually the entire increase was driven by cigarette litter 55

(+66%) but there were also increasing amounts of beverage containers and general other litter observed.

Major Roads/Highways The 2015/16 survey found 29.9% less litter on major roads/highways than found in the 2014/15 survey driven almost entirely by a 51% reduction in cigarette litter. There were also reductions in the amount of other paper and plastic bag litter found. The following chart suggests however, that this reduction may be more a reflection of some volatility in survey results over the previous two survey periods. In any case, litter levels on major roads and highways in SA has been steadily falling.

Industrial Precincts The 2015/16 survey of SA industrial precincts found 12.4% less litter and is the lowest result seen since the national survey commenced. The biggest contributors to the reductions was less takeaway food packaging (‐18.2%), less other paper (‐38.2%) and less general other litter ((‐30.3%). Cigarette litter (+11.9%), beverage containers and plastic bags were the only categories that show increases.

As shown below, the shape of the litter stream seen in SA industrial precincts has been steadily changing with cigarette litter becoming an increasingly larger component although there are signs this may be plateauing.

Recreational Parks The 2015/16 survey found 40.4% more litter in SA recreational parks than seen in 2014/15 survey. The 2015/16 result is a significant change from recent trends as shown in the following chart. It is interesting to note the strong parallels to the shape of the litter found in SA carparpsks. Given that increases were seen across every catgeory it is difficult to draw any concrete conclusions about this result. Future surveys will be required to better understand litter levels in SA parks.

Residential Streets

The chart of SA litter levels in SA residential streets is also similar to that seen in recreational parks and car parks. Litter in SA residential streets increased by 18.9% in 2015/16 with other glass and other plastic the only categories showing declines. Ascertaining a long term trend is difficult due to the volatility in surveyed results. It is however obvious that litter levels are down significantly from the 2011/12 peak. Retail Precincts Litter levels in retail precincts increased by 8.1% in 2015/16 with increases in beverage container, takeaway food packaging and general other litter offsetting decreases in other paper, other plastic and other glass categories. Cigarette litter was unchanged. Notwithstanding the increase, the chart below shows that over recent surveys there are signs that litter levels in SA retail precincts has stabilised.

Shopping Centres While the 2015/16 survey counted 1.9% more litter, counts around South Australian shopping centres has been reasonably stable since 2011/12. Only the 2013/14 survey saw a marked reduction although the following 2014/15 survey saw litter levels rebound. The latest survey counted more cigarette, beverage container and general other litter and was a continuation of the longer term trend of cigarette litter becoming a proportionately larger component of the overall litter stream, offsetting reductions in other paper and to a lesser extent takeaway food packaging.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken in to account, retail precincts and shopping centres have significantly higher litter loads than seen at other sites. Around retail precincts the litter load in the 2015/16 survey is 114.2 items per 1000 sq metres whereas the loads in shopping centres was 112.0 items per 1000 sq. metres. Across SA, the 2015/16 survey found, on average, 46.6 items per 1000 sq metres versus 45.3 items per 1000 sq metres in the 2014/15 survey.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Items

SA 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

15017 535 35.6

31717 2181 68.7

105002 3395 32.3

22786 1729 75.9

20003 565 28.2

32047 802 25.0

9946 1136 114.2

10534 1180 112.0

247052 11522 46.6

SA 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

15017 390 26.0

31717 1636 51.6

105002 3904 37.2

22786 1973 86.6

20003 403 20.1

32047 674 21.0

9946 1051 105.6

10534 1164 110.5

247052 11193 45.3

SA - ANNUAL 2015/16

A slightly different picture emerges in volumetric terms. Retail precincts still have the highest loads although in the 2015/16 survey they moved from one of the lowest loads to the highest. Changes in volumetric loads across the other site types are much smaller. Volumetric litter loads in Industrial precincts remain high.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Volume - Litres

SA 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

15017 42.491 2.8

31717 129.521 4.1

105002 472.642 4.5

22786 125.249 5.5

20003 15.644 0.8

32047 87.626 2.7

9946 75.001 7.5

10534 40.490 3.8

247052 988.664 4.0

SA 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

15017 47.565 3.2

31717 100.063 3.2

105002 478.158 4.6

22786 134.689 5.9

20003 15.151 0.8

32047 73.674 2.3

9946 15.539 1.6

10534 27.616 2.6

247052 892.455 3.6

SA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Detailed Litter Count Tables – SA

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

211

5 1

820 2 2

2 1 1 1 8

1 2 15 1

2 2 4 2 3 2 5 7 12 1 37 7 1 1 8 1 3 1 3 22 1 1

5 8

4 3 39 1 4 2 2 67 1 1 6

57 5 3 8 6 20 8 6 6 7 19 27 49 18 174 84

24 2 3 5 1 5 9 4 4 2 16 41 27 11 125 20

13 1 7

9 1 4 7 57

11 1 2 3 18

1 39 1

37 198 4

6 59 2

5 2 9 5 6 4 3 24 22 26 23 126 16 1

1 21 32

3 6 3 173 35 36 48 9 366

2 8 4 3

2 3 1

1 5 7 4 1 9 2 4

10 28 1 1

19 89 8 5

53 4 57 19 47 3 39 1

16 6 21 1 16

123 536

1 32 1 1 1

388 2181

4846 2 41 12 2 1 2

35 196

8 1

14 2

7 1

4 1 1 3 4 1 3 2 1 12 10 16 11 62 5 1 1 7 4

16 1

4 3 2 3 1 13 13 15 8 62 13

4 1 8 4 1 1

2 1 3

5 6 10 5 41 3

8 7 8 1 30 5

1 2 2 6 8

2 1 2 3 3

1 14 3

1 1

6 3 3

17 1

1 2 17 37 1

10 12 10 608 202 58 19 3 1156 1 19 41 2 11 2

5 6 6 203 88 23 8 5 400 1 2 11 2 2

13 6 3 4 12 4 1 1 6 261 140 7 2 70 80 143 17 102 53 146

5 1 2 1 8 2 3 1 5 136 27 9 1 46 30 49 6 32 25 26

1 1142 3400

426 1731

719 1 2 2

1 6

9 17 1

2 15

1 11 16 158 11 10 7 2 234 1 1 5 2 2 1

6 4 2 96 6 19 20 8 188

1 6 2 69 4 8 37 9 151

1 4 1 2 1

2 6 5 2

3 1

9 38 3 4 1 14 1 35 5 18 1 19

5 37 1 1

1 1 5 75 11 2 1 34 3 47 5 29 5 22

3 1 2

171 565

252 804

164 1136

75 2 4 3 2 94 2 1 4 9

5 15

1 9 51 2

26 1 36 7 18

20 3 30 7 27 10 1 155 1181

89 1 1 2 2 153 10 6 27 15 55 29 23 21 13 100 132 161 75 655 151 25 5 37 30 102 1 47 395 11 1 3 2 94 324 1 29 44 40 1421 348 160 142 38 2655 5 28 83 24 23 3 1 29 14 9 5 39 11 10 2 67 713 193 27 3 271 121 410 69 292 88 283 1 1 2820 11532

y y y y y y y y y

2 41 12

y y

1 1

2 62

y y y y y

27 15 55 29 23

items

219

6 3

items

Residential

696

Total

Recreational Park

670 1 20 2

Shopping Centre

Industrial

1240

Retail

Highway

272 1 1 4

Car Park

Takeaway Food Takeaway food

METAL

GLASS

Beach

SA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Beverage Containers

Items

132

2 1 2 1

149

152

37 y

y y

324

y y y y y y

1 29 14 9 5 39

353

y y

27 3

136 361

271

y y y

410 69 292

283

1391 1933

Detailed Litter Volume Tables – SA

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

0.025

0.024

0.694

2.083 0.907

0.083 0.187 0.694 1.361

0.094 0.694 1.361

0.831 0.639 0.396

0.314

0.304

13.986 132.000 2.053 3.236 2.588 8.301 3.126 2.462 2.778 7.121 2.357 0.200 0.261 0.028 34.511 1.278

5.350 60.000 1.711 2.157 0.216 2.128 3.573 1.618 1.852 2.749 0.064 0.274 0.160 0.016 16.518 0.306

0.012 0.014 0.001

3.060 1.125 0.004 0.095 0.009

3.960 0.563 0.001 0.041 0.003

0.225 0.856 0.672

8.325 13.895 2.354

1.238 6.111 1.345

0.625

0.446

0.647 0.863 1.702 0.616 1.156 0.694

1.941 0.863 3.617 1.849 2.774 1.620 1.391 2.379 0.121 0.090 0.035 16.680 0.245

0.018 0.051 0.063 0.001 5.812 0.099 0.360 1.125 0.007 0.007 0.000 0.001 0.563 2.162 0.336 0.506

1.089 5.467

0.008 3.540 0.132 0.040 0.042 0.003 0.001 11.166 0.002 0.088 0.204

3.287

0.360

0.506 4.575 23.326

0.007 0.957 2.950 0.585 2.760 0.381 0.096 0.007 37.449

8.324

0.175 0.255 0.001 24.972

1.244 4.135 0.200

0.043 2.397 14.957 2.950 0.601 5.599 3.308 1.400

0.005 0.034 0.000 0.394

0.010 0.111 0.002 3.940

0.088

0.420 0.001 0.442 0.178 0.194 0.113 7.970 1.068

0.125 0.053 0.085 0.038 3.312

18.330 54.491

0.212 0.619 0.291 0.530 0.891

0.446 0.561 4.990 12.000

71.107 129.521

7.625 142.874

0.029

0.147 0.291

0.108

0.069

3.626 60.000

3.821

2.124 24.000

1.079

1.510 0.431 3.192 1.489 0.462 0.231

0.863 0.216 1.277

0.018 0.032 0.042 0.007 7.415 0.046

0.030 0.048 0.026 0.002 2.923 0.069

0.360 1.688 0.002 0.074 0.001

0.540 0.563 0.002 0.041 0.000

0.180

2.316

0.113 1.304 2.017

0.530

1.253 0.342 0.216 1.079 1.702 0.426 1.156 0.926 0.232 0.048 0.048 0.029 0.016 6.220 0.069 0.180 0.000 0.088 0.001

0.338 0.336

1.489 1.042 0.694 1.157 2.517 0.052 0.082 0.063 0.012 8.186 0.191

0.231 0.231

0.006 0.041 0.000

0.295 0.336

0.312 1.519 3.595 26.607 0.151

0.023 2.001 11.210 2.055 16.160 0.614 0.038 0.003 185.581 0.001 1.664 1.392 0.000 91.564 44.916

0.011 1.044 7.080 0.686 7.040 0.238 0.016 0.004 49.336 0.001 0.175 0.356 0.000 16.648

6.659 12.820 1.844 4.204 7.465 6.616 0.400 2.137 0.003 0.326 0.038 5.515 2.312 0.556 0.025 1.116 0.158 0.419 1.988 30.225

2.397 2.137 1.106 0.601 4.977 2.481 1.000 1.068 0.003 0.170 0.007 6.697 0.771 0.364 0.009 0.380 0.053 0.132 0.938 5.383

0.230 224.593 604.642

47.854 185.249

0.218 4.009

0.005

0.980 10.934

1.852 12.028 0.151

0.436 10.934

0.001 1.914 18.880 0.534 0.880 0.101 0.014 0.001 34.240 0.002 0.088 0.153 0.000 16.648 11.229

0.013 0.696 1.770 0.324 0.480 0.196 0.041 0.007 19.575

0.001 1.044 1.770 0.232 0.320 0.079 0.074 0.008 15.234

0.088 0.119 0.000 16.648 11.229

0.131 0.204 0.001 12.486

0.799

2.664

0.266

1.555

1.866 0.827

0.005 0.048 0.001 3.152 0.771 0.108 0.000 0.270 0.043 0.072 0.038 3.830

0.002 0.046 0.000 0.394

1.449

0.200 1.068 0.003 0.094 0.003 1.182 0.771 0.272 0.001 0.368 0.043 0.118 0.188 4.451

1.555 0.827 0.600

2.509 15.644

39.234 147.626

42.804 75.001

19.819 64.490

0.254 0.120 0.037 0.006 0.001 5.298 0.003 0.044 0.119 0.002

0.738

0.200 0.005 0.063 0.001

0.204 0.000 0.278 0.067 0.074

0.156 0.001 0.231 0.062 0.109 1.967 1.068

1.748 0.581 1.059 1.783 0.561 38.437 288.000 4.105 11.648 6.255 23.407 12.121 10.554 9.489 14.010 4.966 0.856 0.734 0.117 98.263 2.303 9.000 5.063 0.034 0.398 0.017 0.001 10.463 27.277 7.397 0.506 1.562 2.025 20.371 236.180 0.302 0.070 7.656 47.200 4.801 27.800 1.688 0.288 0.033 357.880 0.008 2.453 2.800 0.005 187.290 67.374 0.043 15.182 29.914 6.639 5.405 24.262 18.194 4.000 4.273 0.036 0.891 0.052 21.273 4.625 2.169 0.038 3.210 0.658 1.202 3.300 58.587 2.137 0.230 466.249 1276.664

Volume

Total

0.831 0.639 0.594

0.198

0.212 0.157

0.557 0.561 18.980 10.888

y y y y y y y y y

0.561 18.980 10.888

y y

0.581 1.059

0.561 34.906

y y y y y

11.648 6.255 23.407 12.121 10.554

Volume

0.080

Shopping Centre

2.778 2.268

Retail

0.077 0.187 9.258 1.815

Residential

Industrial

0.143 2.315

Recreational Park

Highway

Beach

0.031 0.187 0.463 3.176

Car Park

Takeaway Food Takeaway food

METAL

GLASS

SA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Beverage Containers

Volume - Litres

9.489

0.831 0.639 0.594 0.212

63.985

0.856

10.345

0.034

0.034 y

7.397

1.562

y y

0.302

236.180

0.070

9.262

y y y y y y

0.043 15.182 29.914 6.639 5.405 24.262

4.000

236.249

y y

0.036

21.273 4.625

111.343 219.496

2.169

y y y

3.210 0.658 1.202

58.587

65.862 312.490

Tasmania Key Messages and Insights •

14.6% less litter counted than in the 2014/15 survey with a 17.1% drop in cigarette butts and a 24.9% drop in other paper, smaller reductions seen in other categories.

•

Beverage container litter increased by 14.1% and other plastic by 26%

•

Cigarette litter increasing as a % of overall litter stream

•

Longer term trends showing litter reducing in most sites except recreational parks and shopping centres.

•

Retail precincts, shopping centres and industrial precincts are the most littered locations

•

Volumetric loads also reduced by 10.8% with industrial precincts showing the highest volumetric litter loads

Survey Specifics The national litter index surveys 76 sites across Tasmania, with an area surveyed of 99,740 square metres. While the primary focus of the survey is across Hobart suburban areas, a number of regional/rural sites, are also surveyed. A further 8 rural highway/road sites are surveyed and reported separately.

Litter Counts As shown in the following table, the 2015/16 survey counted 14.6% less litter counted than found in the 2014/15 survey. This reduction was primarily due to a 17.1% drop in cigarette butts and a 24.9% drop in other paper with smaller reductions seen in other categories. There was a 14.1% increase in beverage container litter and a 26% increase in other plastic litter. 64

Retail

Shopping Centre

521 10 54 10 23 20 31

1471 142 208 19 66 94 125 4

221 53 64 3 43 35 93 2

200 12 171 5 19 27 32

287 15 79 3 18 33 35 1

722 7 67 4 20 14 34

784 8 60 1 19 13 52

4275 251 730 53 225 260 419 7

177

668

2128

512

463

469

867

936

6217

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass TASMANIA Other Paper 2014/15 Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

128 11 47 12 34 18 30 1

963 11 90 3 28 17 51

342 29 63 8 44 25 89 2

188 11 156 7 18 15 38

276 18 88 2 29 26 52 1

851 10 59 3 23 9 48

889 7 48 1 30 15 58

280

1162

1529 124 245 23 96 83 167 3 2 2269

602

431

492

1002

1 1046

5165 220 794 57 300 206 532 7 2 7282

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper % Other plastic Reduction General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (excl illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

44.7% 50.0% 37.6% 25.0% 48.5% -42.9% 36.7%

45.9% 13.6% 40.2% -216.7% 16.4% -17.6% 39.2%

35.5% -82.8% -0.8% 68.8% 1.1% -40.0% -3.9% 25.0%

-6.4% -4.5% -9.3% 30.8% -8.6% -82.8% 17.1%

-3.8% 16.7% 10.8% -50.0% 37.9% -25.0% 33.7% 50.0%

15.2% 26.3% -13.7% -60.0% 13.0% -50.0% 29.2%

11.8% -7.1% -26.3% -100.0% 35.6% 10.3% 10.4%

36.9% 36.9%

42.6% 42.6%

3.8% -15.0% 15.1% 15.6% 31.4% -13.9% 25.2% -16.7% 100.0% 6.2% 6.2%

15.0% 15.0%

-7.4% -7.4%

4.8% 4.8%

13.5% 13.5%

100.0% 10.5% 10.5%

Total

Industrial

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass TASMANIA Other Paper 2015/2016 Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Residential

Highway

71 6 29 9 18 25 19 1

Beach

Car Park

TAS - ANNUAL 2015/16

Recreational Park

Items Counted

17.2% -14.1% 8.1% 7.9% 24.9% -26.0% 21.3% 7.1% 100.0% 14.6% 14.6%

The following charts show the longer range trends in litter counted across the Tasmanian NLI sites. Unfortunately, the lack of a discernible trend makes it difficult to draw concrete conclusions. Litter counts were relatively unchanged from 2009/10 until 2012/13. In 2013/14 there was a major reduction in litter counted although the following year saw litter increase only to fall again in the most recent survey. Even though the 2015/16 result is an all‐time low for Tasmania, future surveys will be required to ascertain the sustainability of recent reductions. 65

Overall, it is interesting to note that cigarette litter is representing an increasingly larger proportion of Tasmania’s litter stream with beverage containers and takeaway food packaging reducing in importance. These three categories represent a reasonably consistent 80‐85% of Tasmania’s litter stream which is significantly higher than that seen in other jurisdictions. There are also shifts occurring in the other categories with other paper and other glass increasing in importance as less litter is counted across all of the remaining category types. Volumetric Impacts Tasmania’s 14.6% decrease in items counted corresponded to a 10.8% reduction in the volume of litter found. Similar to other jurisdictions, despite counting less cigarette, volume increased as more, higher volume cigarette packaging was found. A detailed review of the year‐on‐year differences in the items counted compared to the differences in computed volumes demonstrates many similar mix impacts.

Retail

Shopping Centre

0.604 4.781 6.145 0.187 0.078 0.025 1.846

4.742 68.697 32.901 0.373 0.221 0.118 20.840 0.253

1.767 27.835 8.020 0.049 0.145 0.044 28.700 0.078

0.132 5.066 3.307 0.088 0.064 0.033 1.823

0.468 6.980 6.952 0.059 0.061 0.041 13.018 0.044

0.736 3.284 2.734 0.079 0.068 0.017 2.363

0.417 3.787 2.361 0.020 0.064 0.009 0.649

8.984 122.971 64.791 1.031 0.761 0.318 73.930 0.435

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass TASMANIA Other Paper 2014/15 Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

10.048

13.666

128.144

66.639

10.514

27.622

9.281

7.306

273.221

0.232 6.653 9.950 0.236 0.115 0.022 3.376 0.061

0.546 5.022 6.898 0.059 0.093 0.021 6.007

0.910 14.443 6.445 0.157 0.147 0.031 10.685 0.122

0.348 6.506 3.189 0.128 0.059 0.018 2.686

0.249 8.600 6.278 0.039 0.098 0.033 5.003 0.034

0.533 4.784 3.347 0.049 0.078 0.011 6.475

0.429 3.209 3.042 0.010 0.100 0.018 0.841

20.646

18.646

4.313 62.857 34.373 0.442 0.323 0.103 75.284 0.182 36.000 213.878

32.939

12.934

20.334

15.277

12.000 19.649

7.562 112.075 73.522 1.119 1.012 0.258 110.356 0.399 48.000 354.304

49.7% 61.8% 76.2% 25.0% 48.5% -42.9% -38.9%

-10.6% 4.8% 10.9% -216.7% 16.4% -17.6% 69.3%

-94.1% -92.7% -24.4% 68.8% 1.1% -40.0% -168.6% 36.0%

62.1% 22.1% -3.7% 30.8% -8.6% -82.8% 32.1%

-87.8% 18.8% -10.7% -50.0% 37.9% -25.0% -160.2% -29.1%

-38.0% 31.4% 18.3% -60.0% 13.0% -50.0% 63.5%

2.8% -18.0% 22.4% -100.0% 35.6% 48.3% 22.8%

51.3% 51.3%

26.7% 26.7%

-102.3% -102.3%

18.7% 18.7%

-35.8% -35.8%

39.3% 39.3%

100.0% 4.5% 62.8%

-9.9% -9.3% 4.3% 15.6% 31.4% -13.9% 72.3% -38.7% 100.0% 28.0% 40.1%

Total

Industrial

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass TASMANIA Other Paper 2015/2016 Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Residential

Highway

0.117 2.542 2.372 0.177 0.059 0.031 4.690 0.061

Beach

Car Park

TAS - ANNUAL 2015/16

Recreational Park

Computed Volume - Litres

-18.8% -9.7% 11.9% 7.9% 24.9% -23.3% 33.0% -9.2% 100.0% 10.8% 22.9%

Littering Location

With the exception of recreational parks less litter was found across all site types. The greatest reduction was seen in car parks (42.6% decline) and on beaches (36.9% decline) with smaller, but still significant reductions seen elsewhere. There was 7.4% more litter found in recreational parks.

Beaches Tasmania’s beaches saw a drop of 39.9% in the 2015/16 litter count, predominantly due to a 44.7% reduction in cigarette litter. Significant reductions were also seen in other categories with the exception of other plastic which increased by 7 items or 42.9%. Over the longer term, litter on Tasmanian beaches has been steadily falling.

Car Parks There was also a significant reduction in litter was mainly counted in car parks (42.6% decline) driven primarily by a 45.9% reduction cigarette litter. With the exception of other plastic and other glass, significant reductions were also observed across all other categories, albeit the base is much smaller than cigarettes. The 2015/16 survey is consistent with a longer term trend of reducing litter levels in Tasmanian carparks.

Major Roads/Highways The 2015/16 survey found 6.2% litter on Tasmania’s major roads and highways. In this site type increased quantities of beverage container, other plastic and plastic bag litter offset reductions across all other categories. While determining an overall, longer term picture is more difficult, what is apparent is that cigarette litter is becoming the biggest problem on Tasmania’s major roads and highways.

Industrial Precincts While the 2015/16 survey counted 15% less litter in industrial precincts, the longer term picture suggests that littering levels in industrial precincts is relatively stable, albeit the shape of the litter stream is changing. All categories have reduced over the longer term, with cigarette litter showing the greatest % reduction. As a consequence, cigarette litter is a now much smaller component of the overall industrial precinct litter stream. The 2015/16 survey saw a 35.5% reduction in cigarette litter which was offset by an 82.8% increase in beverage container litter.

Recreational Parks The picture in recreational parks is significantly different to that seen across other site types in Tasmania. As shown below, the longer term trend is one of increasing litter in parks and the 2015/16 survey was a continuation of this trend. The survey found 7.4% more litter with most categories showing increases. Cigarette litter and takeaway packaging showed the largest increases and are the dominant categories of litter types found in parks.

Residential Streets Litter in Tasmania’s residential areas fell again in the 2015/16 count by 4.8%, the second fall after 4 years of significant increases. Less takeaway food packaging, other paper and general other litter was offset by more cigarette litter along with increases in other glass and other plastic categories

Retail Precincts Tasmania’s retail shopping strips showcased a 13.5% reduction in litter over the 2015/16 period, and is hopefully a sign of reducing litter in retail precincts after three years of relative stability. The reduction was driven almost entirely by a 15.2% reduction in cigarette litter which was partially offset by a 13.7% increase in takeaway food packaging litter.

Shopping Centres The 2015/16 NLI counted 10.5% less litter at shopping centres in Tasmania although the longer term trend suggests increasing litter levels. The survey found 11.8% less cigarette litter which was offset by increased quantities of litter from beverage containers and takeaway food packaging. Cigarette litter is the dominant problem in Tasmanian shopping centres which is totally consistent with the picture in other jurisdictions and in retail precincts.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken into account, retail strips have the highest litter loads in Tasmania, with 167 items counted per 1000 sq meter. Across the state, the 2015/16 survey found, on average, 62.3 items per 1000 sq meters, a decrease from 72.3 items per 1000 sq meters found in the 2014/15 survey. Items Counted

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

TAS - ANNUAL 2015/16

Area Surveyed TAS Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2015/2016 Per 1000 sq m

4050 177 43.6

16378 668 40.8

36200 2128 58.8

4540 512 112.7

14000 463 33.1

10650 469 44.0

5172 867 167.5

8750 936 107.0

99740 6217 62.3

Area Surveyed TAS Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2014/2015 Per 1000 sq m

4050 280 69.0

16378 1162 70.9

36200 2267 62.6

4540 602 132.5

14000 431 30.8

10650 492 46.2

5172 1002 193.6

8750 1046 119.5

99740 7280 73.0

A different picture emerges in volumetric terms which indicates that industrial precincts have the highest volumetric litter loads (14.7 litres per 1000 sq metres). Volumes in industrial precincts increased in the face of declining items counted due to an increased littering of plastic containers, both domestic and industrial. 73

Statewide the total volume of litter counted has also decreased since 2014/15 litter survey from 3.1 to 2.7 litres per 1000 sq metres. The drastic difference between the analysis of the items counted vs. volume is due to the mix impact of cigarette butts. Computed Volume - Litres

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

TAS - ANNUAL 2015/16

Area Surveyed TAS Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2015/2016 Per 1000 sq m

4050 10 2.5

16378 14 0.8

36200 128 3.5

4540 67 14.7

14000 11 0.8

10650 28 2.6

5172 9 1.8

8750 7 0.8

99740 273 2.7

Area Surveyed TAS Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) 2014/2015 Per 1000 sq m

4050 21 5.1

16378 19 1.1

36200 178 4.9

4540 33 7.3

14000 13 0.9

10650 20 1.9

5172 15 3.0

8750 8 0.9

99740 306 3.1

70 1 1

519 1

1450 3 9 1 2 1

213

199

285

719 1 1

783

1 1 9

19 1

1 1 36

1 1

3 1 1

1 19 13 1 50 4 2 2

3 2 2 9 3

14 5 2 26 2

30 10 6 136 12 1

2 4

7 1 2

1 2 6

1 3

3 7

1 1 18 1 1 1 1 24 1 1 3 1

23 3 1 5 5 47

1 1

4 25 2

4 20 1

1 3 12 1 4 1 2

5 3 10 2 7

58 177

58 668

13 1

1 1 5 5 2

5 1 1 2

2 1 1

3 1 1

3 18 3 46 8

41 2 3 52 1

10 6 6 35 1

16 2 2 24

19 3 3 28 2

1 1 2 2

6 1

2 2

1 12

1 13

1 9 3 66 18 12 7 5 180 1 3 1 3 1

1 7 3

3 24 3

21 38

8 9

1 2 3 43 8 4 4 1 82 1 1 1 1 1

53 1

2 1 81

1 26

2 29 23 1 81 9 4 6 133 45 25 354 28 1

133

142

1 24 9 6

1 39 72 1

1 3 1

3 3

6 1

2 3

3 2 1 18 4 2 3 1 42

20 4 2 12 3 50

19 1 2 18 11 56

1 1 1

1 1 18

9 94 6 7

4 18 7 225 40 25 49 25 510 1 4 3 23 2 1 1 22

2 2 33 6 7

1 2

3 35 7 2

25 27 1

8 33 1

7 14 1 1

6 13 1 1

65 260 16 11

31 18 44 7 24 5 18 2

9 25 26 1 8 6 6

30 5 38 9 15 1 3

7 2 25 2 14 1 3 1

8 4 22 2 6 1

4 9 20 1 4 1 3

94 66 196 23 80 14 38 3

302 2128

152 512

169 463

101 469

65 867

64 936

966 6217

137

1 1 12 2 4

1 2 8 1

29 23 1 81 9

4 16 1 2 1

Takeaway Food

5 71 4

8 1

19 1 2 1 1 31

4236 4 16 1 2 1

Beverage Containers

items

Total

Retail

Residential

Industrial

Highway

Car Park

Beach GLASS METAL MISCELLANEOUS PAPER/PAPERBOARD PLASTIC

Recreational Park

TAS - ANNUAL 2015/16

Shopping Centre

Items Counted

items

Detailed Litter Count Tables – Tasmania

1 22 2 2 33 7 65

11 94 196 23 80 38

76 251

494 730

Detailed Litter Volume Tables – Tasmania

0.008 0.187 0.231

0.060 0.231

0.167 0.936 3.935 0.454 0.916 0.277

0.024

0.023

0.033

1.620

0.463

0.231

0.083 0.374 0.463

0.090

0.277

0.396 0.212 0.177

0.187

0.373 0.291

0.049

0.446

0.891 0.187 8.655

0.446

0.342 8.197 5.393 0.431 21.277 1.526 0.694 0.928

0.342 2.804 1.079

0.010 0.186 0.004 10.357 0.115

0.563 0.000 0.020 0.000

0.595

0.864

0.431 0.431

0.638

1.064 0.191 0.462

0.010 0.016 0.002 1.529 0.046

0.056 0.048 0.002 2.686 0.031

0.118 0.101 0.009 39.015 0.176 0.000

0.001

0.002 0.054

0.006 0.007 0.000

0.000 0.338 0.384

0.086

0.312

0.109 1.822

0.545 4.738

0.001 0.174 0.059 0.080 0.005 0.001 0.000 2.078 0.044 0.017 0.001 4.162

0.078 0.240 0.011 0.009 0.004 6.111

0.000

1.332

0.622 0.827

0.002 0.031 0.000

0.002 0.025 0.788

0.008 0.001 0.094 0.005 0.014 0.038 0.414

0.036 0.001 0.078 0.019 0.027

5.453 10.048

3.859 13.666

0.725

2.604

5.319 0.382

0.113 0.811

0.312

0.001 1.479 3.540 0.221 1.440 0.122 0.013 0.004 41.089 0.002 0.219 0.034 0.001 4.162 0.043 6.126

0.088

0.551

1.743 6.561

0.001 0.348 2.950 0.145 0.640 0.042 0.007 0.000 12.750 0.044 0.034 0.000 11.229 11.229

0.059

0.290

0.079

1.128

0.020

0.342 0.431 2.157 2.128 0.763

0.216

1.915 0.382 0.231 0.928

0.851 0.191

0.162 0.016 0.004 3.073 0.015

0.038 0.058 0.009 6.149 0.015

0.064 0.021 0.003 1.704

0.074 0.027 0.005 1.848 0.023

0.006 0.007

0.002

0.003

0.002 0.027

0.232

0.675 0.864 1.681

4.575 27.700

0.212

0.232

1.064 0.231 0.232

0.000

Volume 1.497 7.175 0.454 0.916 0.554

0.396

0.424

1.031 0.291

0.291

1.783 0.187 14.708

0.187 11.894

1.026 12.295 9.707 0.431 34.256 3.434 1.618 2.551 0.532 0.472 0.038 66.360 0.421 0.000 0.563 0.022 0.115 0.001

1.874

0.302

0.109 1.822 0.151

0.003

0.654 2.187

0.052 0.336

0.327 1.822

0.006 0.348 1.180 0.061 0.320 0.021 0.006 0.000 9.174

0.609

0.174

0.068 0.280 0.021 0.024 0.002 3.845

0.064 0.080 0.016 0.036 0.010 2.865

0.044 0.000 4.162

0.601

0.005 0.118 0.001 5.515

0.000

0.799

0.533

0.010 3.132 7.670 0.761 3.160 0.259 0.098 0.022 81.130 0.002 0.350 0.085 0.005 23.715 11.229 0.043 11.187

1.244

1.106 2.402 20.219 9.097 2.800

1.654 0.600

3.308

0.827

0.002 0.044 0.002 1.576

0.013 0.033 0.000

0.004 0.041 0.000

0.004 0.017 0.000 0.394

0.001 0.009 0.000 0.394

0.033 0.318 0.004 8.667

0.248 0.006 0.345 0.062 0.099 0.188 3.623 4.273

0.072 0.008 0.200 0.005 0.031 0.225 1.139

0.240 0.002 0.294 0.082 0.062 0.019 0.621

0.056 0.000 0.196 0.019 0.056 0.019 0.518 2.137

0.060 0.001 0.172 0.014 0.023 0.207

0.012 0.002 0.106 0.005 0.004 0.019 0.104

0.732 0.020 1.484 0.211 0.316 0.506 7.349 6.410

38.354 128.144

40.092 66.639

3.623 10.514

11.959 27.622

2.518 9.281

2.432 7.306

108.290 273.221

2.150

0.022

0.506 8.497 52.484 0.302

0.369 0.601 10.887

60.123

1.874

0.738 1.201 7.465 2.481 1.400

0.532

0.506 0.436 5.832 0.151

0.799

1.618

0.312

0.625

1.598

0.800

12.295 9.707 0.431 34.256 3.434

2.354

0.018

0.003

0.487 1.497 7.175 0.454 0.916 0.554

1.125 2.246 2.354

0.028 0.336

0.064 0.080 0.021 0.002 0.000 3.217

Total

Shopping Centre

Retail

Residential

Industrial

Highway

Car Park

Beach GLASS METAL MISCELLANEOUS PAPER/PAPERBOARD PLASTIC

Recreational Park

TAS - ANNUAL 2015/16

Takeaway Food

Volume

Beverage Containers

Computed Volume - Litres

0.022

52.484

0.010

4.530

52.494

0.043 11.187 1.106 2.402 20.219 2.800 0.033

8.667 0.732 1.484 0.211 0.316 7.349

46.424 122.971

10.125 64.791

Victoria Key Messages and Insights • • • • •

Victoria has recorded another significant (27%) drop in total litter counted, a 30% reduction by volume Less litter found across all categories, just about everywhere There has been year on year reductions in litter across all site types, albeit the % reductions vary from site to site. While there was less cigarette and takeaway food packaging litter found, they still represent the majority of the litter stream. Beaches, retail precincts and shopping centres have the greatest litter loads, in both volumetric and litter count terms

Survey Specifics The national litter index surveys 151 sites across Victoria, with an area surveyed of 239,403 square metres. While the primary focus of the survey is across Melbourne suburban areas, a number of regional/rural sites, are also surveyed. A further 15 rural highway/road sites are surveyed and reported separately.

Litter Counts As shown in the following table, the 2015/16 survey counted 26.7% less litter than items counted in 2014/15. Less litter was found in all categories and all sites. The following charts indicate that with the exception of the 2011/12 and 2012/13 surveys, this 26.7% reduction is a continuation of a long term trend of reducing litter in Victoria. It also shows that while there are year‐on‐year changes, the overall shape of the litter stream has not significantly changed. In Victoria, cigarette litter represents approximately 45% of items counted, while takeaway packaging is 20% 77

97 29 98.5 14 64 55 63 1 420

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

% Reduction

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers TakeaVICy Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (Excluding illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

341

91 9 75 3 22 14 41 1

449 65 170 15 87 26 71 4

248 9 57 3 62 9 31 2

420 26 58 3 39 9 40 3

416 55 138 19 87 15 81 3 1 812

175 126 145 12 106 24 84 11 681

198 17 72 8 34 9 39 1 1 378

255

885

419

597

559 82 171 19 138 49 73 2 1 1092

292 138.5 139 15 82 29 86 9 2 791

358 38 120 33 35 31 79 3 2 697

154 19 121 9 45 17 55 3

523 71 202 14 106 38 70 6 1 1029

529 14 65 8 66 16 44 3

526 34 97.5 8 52 8 35 5

743

765

25.6% 33.5% 19.6%

44.8% 55.3% 40.0% 76.9% 4.3% 70.5% 50.3% 60.0% 50.0% 45.8% 45.8%

41.2% 52.6% 38.0% 66.7% 51.7% 17.6% 24.8% 83.3%

53.1% 39.3% 12.3% 62.5% 6.1% 45.2% 29.5% 40.0%

20.2% 25.0% 40.5% 60.0% 25.0% -12.5% -12.9% 50.0%

39.7% 39.7%

14.1% 8.5% 16.1% -7.4% 17.9% 31.6% -1.4% 41.7% 100.0% 14.0% 14.0%

43.6% 43.6%

22.0% 22.0%

31.4% 24.6% 21.3% 38.6% 17.0% 44.6% 11.5% 23.0% 66.7% 26.7% 26.7%

8.8% 46.6% 14.2% 21.4% 18.1% 46.8% 4.8% 50.0%

37.0% 70.4% -11.0% -100.0%

18.9% 18.9%

25.7% 25.6%

40.1% 9.0% -4.0% 20.7% -28.7% 17.5% 2.9% -22.2% 100.0% 13.8% 14.0%

422

Total

Industrial

VIC 2014/15

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers TakeaVICy Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

89 16 85 11 52 29 60 1

Highway

VIC 2015/16

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Car Park

Beach

Vic - Annual 2015/16

Recreational Park

Items

2084 321 798 73 487 134 445 24 2 4366 3036 425.5 1014 118 587 241 503 31 5 5959

VIC 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 341 42.6

36657 812 22.1

93950 681 7.2

15545 377 24.2

25360 255 10.0

33075 885 26.8

10311 419 40.6

16505 597 36.1

239403 4364 18.2

VIC 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 420 52.5

36657 1092 29.8

93950 790 8.4

15545 695 44.7

25360 422 16.6

33075 1029 31.1

10311 743 72.1

16505 765 46.3

239403 5954 24.9

Volumetric Impacts The picture is positive in Victoria in volumetric terms, with a 30.1% decrease in litter volume (excluding illegal dumping) when 2014/15 is compared to the latest 2015/16 survey. This is due to less litter being found in the higher‐volume categories.

Retail

Shopping Centre

1.681 13.061 3.765 0.059 0.132 0.011 4.686 0.085

22.775

72.130

13.486

23.480

1.760 8.621 15.338 0.177 0.150 0.021 18.867 0.102

5.068 37.970 23.108 0.265 0.358 0.048 23.288 0.284 12.000 102.389

2.238 8.004 5.662 0.157 0.221 0.019 5.581 0.085

2.347 17.601 7.934 0.147 0.176 0.010 7.069 0.170

21.969

35.454

-3.4% 41.9% 29.5% 62.5% 6.1% 45.2% 60.6% 40.0%

28.4% 25.8% 52.5% 60.0% 25.0% -12.5% 33.7% 50.0%

38.6% 38.6%

33.8% 33.8%

4.375 68.956 27.945 0.226 0.357 0.029 18.095 0.427 120.410

1.765 9.598 11.150 0.147 0.113 0.011 11.677 0.061 24.000 58.523

4.389 79.388 33.978 0.285 0.277 0.036 23.672 0.305 36.000 178.329

3.090 21.397 16.387 0.638 0.118 0.038 24.510 0.112 48.000 114.290

0.3% 13.1% 17.8% 20.7% -28.7% 17.5% 23.6% -39.8% 100.0% 15.4% 32.5%

42.9% 55.1% 32.0% 76.9% 4.3% 70.5% 52.4% 45.6% 50.0% 47.9% 48.8%

62.3% 11.7% 38.2% 66.7% 51.7% 17.6% 74.3% 83.3%

VIC 2015/16

VIC 2014/15

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers TakeaVICy Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

0.991 15.597 8.411 0.275 0.215 0.068 13.271 0.034 38.862

4.964 43.153 18.682 0.373 0.466 0.061 18.751 0.105 12.000 98.555

% Reduction

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers TakeaVICy Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping Grand Total (Excluding illegal dumping) GRAND TOTAL

77.0% 43.7% -6.0% 21.4% 18.1% 46.8% 60.3% 50.0%

31.0% 31.8% 21.9% 0.0% 37.0% 70.4% 49.5% -23.0%

39.1% 39.1%

33.3% 29.3%

45.035

49.4% 49.4%

45.3% 6.2% 12.7% -7.4% 17.9% 31.6% 45.1% 39.3% 100.0% 20.2% 29.6%

Total

Residential

2.315 4.647 3.994 0.059 0.208 0.011 2.202 0.051

Industrial

2.774 35.614 20.177 0.285 0.294 0.033 12.781 0.172

3.423 29.438 14.587 0.373 0.294 0.018 9.460 0.129 12.000 69.722

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

23.650

0.664 7.612 9.482 0.059 0.073 0.018 4.851 0.017

Highway

0.228 8.789 8.917 0.216 0.176 0.036 5.271 0.017

Car Park

Beach

Vic - Annual 2015/16

Recreational Park

Volume - Litres

17.225 177.716 100.018 1.424 1.646 0.167 69.022 0.959 36.000 404.176 24.847 231.730 129.501 2.318 1.982 0.301 135.009 1.196 108.000 634.884 30.7% 23.3% 22.8% 38.6% 17.0% 44.6% 48.9% 19.9% 66.7% 30.1% 36.3%

Littering Location The location of the litter found in Victoria is contained in the following charts. These charts show less litter was found across all site types, with the most significant reductions seen in industrial precincts, recreational parks and retail precincts. As a consequence these sites are becoming a smaller component of Victoria’s overall litter stream with residential streets and major roads/highways growing in importance. 80

Beaches/Recreational Swimming Locations Around beaches and recreational swimming locations, the 2015/16 litter survey showed reductions across all categories, with the most significant reductions in takeaway food packaging, beverage containers and other plastic.

Car Parks Since 2009/10, litter counted at car parks in Victoria have been steadily declining with the 2015/16 survey recording a further 25.6% decline. All the major categories saw reductions with cigarette litter, beverage containers and takeaway packaging the major contributors.

Major Roads/Highways Major roads/highways were the sites with lowest % reduction observed in the Victorian survey and while litter levels fell by a not insignificant 14%, the following chart suggests that the litter levels on Victoria’s major roads/highways have remained relatively stable over the last 3‐4 years. The vast majority of the reduction was due to less cigarette litter.

Industrial Precincts Industrial precincts experienced a drop of 45.8% in litter counted, a continuation of a steady decline since 2008/09. Substantive % reductions were seen across all categories with cigarette litter and takeaway food packaging remaining the dominant components of the litter stream.

Recreational Parks The following chart showcases a decrease in litter observed in recreational parks in Victoria. The 2015/16 litter item count saw a dramatic decline in all categories with cigarette litter and take away containers the primary contributors. The reduction in beverage container litter since 2009/10 is particularly notable.

Residential Streets The 2015/16 survey saw litter levels in residential streets fall a further 14% as compared to the 2014/5 survey. Less litter was found in most categories with only other glass and general other experiencing very small increases. Litter levels in residential streets are now back to those seen in 2012/13.

Retail Precincts After experiencing small, but steady increases in litter levels over the prior three surveys, the 2015/16 survey resulted in a significant (44%) reduction in litter counted, driven entirely by a reduction in cigarette litter.

Shopping Centres With a 22% decline in litter counted, the 2015/16 survey saw a continuation of the longer term trend of declining litter around shopping centres. Once again cigarette litter was the biggest contributor but there was also a significant reduction in takeaway food packaging.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken into account, beaches have the highest litter count in Victoria. The 2015/16 survey showed found, on average, 18.2 items per 1000 sq meters, a decrease from 24.9 per 1000 sq meters found in the 2014/15 survey.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Items

VIC 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 341 42.6

36657 812 22.1

93950 681 7.2

15545 377 24.2

25360 255 10.0

33075 885 26.8

10311 419 40.6

16505 597 36.1

239403 4364 18.2

VIC 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 420 52.5

36657 1092 29.8

93950 790 8.4

15545 695 44.7

25360 422 16.6

33075 1029 31.1

10311 743 72.1

16505 765 46.3

239403 5954 24.9

Vic - Annual 2015/16

The same result is observed in volumetric terms, beaches in Victoria showcasing a 3.0 litres per 1000 square meters in litter volume. Overall, litter loads decreased across all site types, and the total volume of litter has dropped from 2.2 litres to 1.5 litres per 1000 sq meters in the 2015/16 litter index.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Volume - Litres

VIC 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 23.650 3.0

36657 57.722 1.6

93950 120.410 1.3

15545 34.523 2.2

25360 22.775 0.9

33075 72.130 2.2

10311 13.486 1.3

16505 23.480 1.4

239403 368.176 1.5

VIC 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 38.862 4.9

36657 86.555 2.4

93950 142.329 1.5

15545 66.290 4.3

25360 45.035 1.8

33075 90.389 2.7

10311 21.969 2.1

16505 35.454 2.1

239403 526.884 2.2

Vic - Annual 2015/16

Detailed Litter Count Tables – Victoria

19 2

12 5

15 2

2 13 19 1 22

12 1 1 1 2

1 1 3

39 1 2 4 4

1 1

2 2

5 1

4 1

3 2

7 3 25 42 4

32 6 16 70 6

18 11 10 99 8

8 1 6 27 2

2 4 13 23 4

9 6 26 70 4

1 15

7 6 3

4 7 2

5 1 5

1 24 5

2 24 4

1 13 1

1 10

3 1 1 16 15

5 1 3 75

4 4 2 87 7 5 8 5 158

1 1

1 3 3

1 52

2 3

238 1

413 1 4 1 1

2 1 5

3 1

3 2

73 11

151 2 5 24 35 1 62

2 1

18 7

10 20 2

7 1 13 35 4

86 31 118 384 32

12 2 4

6 2 1

7 7 1

2 27 7

10 1

18 1

23 1 56 23 20 1 5 159 17

1 3 5

3 1 10 1 1 1 18

3 2

3 20 30 1

1 8 10

3 9

13 22 1

11 4

8 2

4 4 1 106 9 10 1 2 193 1 1 10 2 1

5 3 1 34 1 6 2 1 70

8 2 2 22 1 5 2 3 55

8 2 3 87 3 5 3 2 157

3 1 1 62

4 1 2 39 1 3 2 3 64

1 1 5 1

1 3 2 1 1 4

3 5 5 92 1 2 1

3 2

1 1

2 1 3 1

4 1 12 2 1

5 1 2

2 1

1 1

13 29 1 4

8 15 2 5

6 24 4 8 4 20

4 9 3 3 1 10

11 14 2 5 2 10

16 26 2 4

8 9 2 1

1 5 9 1 3

21 7 12 1 24 1

5 6 8

45 6 21 2 11

12 1 8

13 4 4

7 2 8 1 7

1 66 378

68 255

171 885

56 419

57 597

5 4 19 3 6

26 9 8 5 13

96 341

122 812

167 681

2006 11 34 7 7 3

437 2 1 3

1 1

1 11 1

Total

Recreational Park

190

Shopping Centre

Industrial

155 5 16 3 2 1

Beach GLASS METAL MISCELLANEOUS PAPER/PAPERBOARD PLASTIC

Retail

Highway

400 4 9 2 3

Vic - Annual 2015/16

Residential

Car Park

Items

11 1 4 78 100 1 37 15 12 487 20 40 20 21 862 1 3 21 15 2 2 16 11 2 25 5 3 1 70 134 15 32 6 99 134 37 87 12 76 1 1 803 4366

Detailed Litter Volume Tables – Victoria

PLASTIC

PAPER/PAPERBOARD

MISCELLANEOUS

METAL

GLASS

0.198

0.050 0.749 0.463 2.268

0.027 0.231

0.458

0.229 0.554

0.277

0.198 0.639

0.047 0.187 1.620

Total

0.010

Shopping Centre

0.022 0.926

Retail

0.018 1.684 7.407 2.268 0.916 0.554

Residential

0.046 1.310 4.166 1.361 1.374

Recreational Park

0.010 0.694

Industrial

Highway

Beach

Vic - Annual 2015/16

Car Park

Volume - Litres

0.231 3.930 15.508 5.897 2.976 1.386

0.198

0.424

0.212

0.792 0.639 1.909

0.373 0.872

0.226 2.905

0.147

0.059

0.285 0.872

0.059 0.291

0.059 0.872

1.424 6.101

16.830

5.769

0.581

3.931

0.851

2.766

1.368 5.608 8.197 0.216 9.149

1.955 24.000 0.342 0.431 0.647

0.271

0.342 0.431 1.294

10.292 12.000 1.026 1.510 1.726

1.489

0.213

7.234

1.489

2.979

41.898 36.000 3.421 10.354 14.883 0.216 26.170

0.462

0.462 0.232

0.694 0.928

2.312 0.232

1.618 0.232

1.156 0.928

0.694

0.925 0.464

8.323 3.015

0.026 0.032 0.038 3.477 0.054

0.126 0.058 0.025 7.931 0.092

0.072 0.117 0.016 26.363 0.115

0.032 0.011 0.009 5.506 0.023

0.006 0.037 0.020 2.126 0.054

0.036 0.058 0.040 13.245 0.061

0.020

0.026 0.011 0.020 6.365 0.054

0.344 0.323 0.183 67.232 0.482

3.600

0.900

0.180

0.006 0.074 0.000

0.003 0.095 0.000

0.005 0.007 0.001

1.080 0.563 0.009

1.440

0.007

0.113 1.185 3.026

0.338 1.450 2.354

0.225 0.260 0.336

8.100 0.563 0.052 0.311 0.003 0.001 1.125 10.636 11.096

0.424 0.216 0.291 0.446 2.269

0.001

3.661

0.625

0.218 6.925

0.006

0.446

1.562 1.035 0.506 3.377 10.934

0.053 0.001 0.002 8.596

0.008 0.609 2.360 0.294 0.520 0.048 0.015 0.004 24.299

0.017 0.000

0.044 0.085 0.001

0.590 0.176

0.129 1.598

0.446

0.625

1.337

0.342 1.294 2.157

0.000 0.001 0.113 1.819

1.079 0.863

0.016 2.219 0.031

0.011 0.027 0.001

0.005 0.020 0.000

0.006 0.088 0.000

0.338 1.877 4.371

0.056 0.336

0.327 0.672

0.625

3.124

0.312

2.532 4.357 21.869 0.151

1.013 1.743 6.925

0.654 6.196

2.723 16.037 0.151

2.288 2.551

1.634 1.458

0.010 0.696 1.180 0.357 0.680 0.106 0.001 0.001 34.918 0.001 0.088 0.339 0.000 4.162

0.011 0.522 0.590 0.113 0.080 0.063 0.003 0.000 11.400

0.019 0.261 2.360 0.073 0.040 0.048 0.003 0.003 10.281

0.019 0.261 3.540 0.294 0.200 0.048 0.005 0.001 30.775

0.006 0.087 1.180 0.208

0.010 0.087 1.770 0.132 0.080 0.032 0.003 0.003 5.880

3.463

0.533

0.044 0.017 0.001 8.324

0.017

0.088 0.085 0.000 4.162 0.043 2.131

0.051 0.000

0.085 0.000

0.266

0.601 0.622

1.106 0.601 1.555 1.654

2.582 1.201 7.154 3.308 0.400

1.244

0.311

2.799 0.827 0.800

0.933 0.827

0.622 0.827

0.007 0.036 0.000 2.758

0.004 0.018 0.000 3.940

0.003 0.029 0.001 6.303 5.395 0.156

0.002 0.011 0.001 1.970 0.771 0.080

0.006 0.018 0.000 3.940 2.312 0.080

0.008 0.033 0.001 3.152

0.004 0.011 0.001 0.788

1.068 0.003 0.011 0.000 1.970

0.136

0.064

0.048

0.164 0.062 0.047 0.038 4.865 1.068

0.039 0.058 0.031

0.352 0.058 0.087 0.056 2.277

0.094 0.005 0.033

0.102 0.034 0.017

1.656

0.051 0.014 0.033 0.038 1.449

0.518

1.139

0.230 15.380 58.523

8.269 22.775

20.414 72.130

3.595 13.486

6.929 23.480

0.088

0.140

0.039 0.038 0.076 0.113 1.242

0.204 0.082 0.033 0.188 2.588

5.637 23.650

13.969 69.722

40.831 120.410

0.369

0.026 0.009 0.004 7.008 0.001

3.319

0.738

6.872 1.035 4.051 16.994 72.895 0.302 0.089 2.523 13.570 1.646 1.600 0.423 0.041 0.018 133.155 0.002 0.263 0.696 0.003 16.648 0.173 8.257 8.114 2.402 15.242 7.443 1.200 1.068 0.037 0.167 0.004 24.819 8.479 0.792 1.045 0.350 0.357 0.431 15.734 1.068 0.230 115.023 404.176

Western Australia Key Messages and Insights 

 



1.4% more litter than counted in the 2014/15 survey. Reductions in cigarette litter (down 5.7%), beverage containers (down 9.7%) and other glass were offset by increases in the other plastic (up 23.2%), other paper (up 13.1%) and general other categories (up 15.1%). More plastic bag litter was observed while takeaway food packaging remained unchanged. Mix shifts resulted in the volumetric equivalent falling by 2.8%. Less litter found on beaches (‐28.6%), car parks (‐12.6%), recreational parks (‐40.8%) and shopping centres (‐24.3%). The most significant increases were seen in retail precincts (+37.1%) and major roads/highways (+13.1%). Retail precincts have the highest loads on an item counted basis whereas major roads/highways have highest loads on a volumetric basis

Survey Specifics The 2015/6 survey of 151 sites across WA found 1.5% more litter than seen in 2014/15. Increased amounts of other paper, plastic and general other litter have been partially offset by reductions in cigarette butts / packaging and CDS beverage containers. The amount of littered takeaway food packaging is unchanged, overall.

Litter Counts As shown in the following table, the 2015/16 survey counted 1.4% more litter than counted in the 2014/15 survey. Reductions in cigarette litter (down 5.7%), beverage containers (down 9.7%) and other glass were offset by increases in the other plastic (up 23.2%), other paper (up 13.1%) and general other categories (up 15.1%). More plastic bag litter was observed while takeaway food packaging remained unchanged. The most notable increases within the general other category were 88

increases in packaging tape and straps, newspapers/magazines, shopper dockets, paper tickets, various miscellaneous rubber and foil pieces

28.6% 28.6%

551 1376 593.5 70 639 373 685 36 6 4327

633 126.5 149.5 10 141 125 207 11 2 1403

17.5% 37.3% 9.1% 50.0% 3.4% -35.3% -9.0% 64.7% 66.7% 12.6% 12.7%

-13.5% 6.3% -11.5% 4.3% -25.3% -37.0% -28.8% -40.3% -145.5% -13.1% -13.2%

20.1% 14.2% -2.0% -5.3% -18.1% -33.2% -4.6% -95.2% 50.0% 3.9% 4.0%

Recreational Park

1010 80.5 215 26 117 85 111 9 3 1655

63 8 86 1 54 40 52 1 304 139 16 110 4 115 51 75 5 514 54.5% 50.0% 22.3% 75.0% 53.0% 20.8% 31.3% 77.8% 40.8% 40.8%

Total

490 45.6% -26.3% -2.5% 66.7% -10.8% 37.5% 16.0% 41.7%

506 109 153 10 167 167 216 21 1 1347

Shopping Centre

254 9.5 80.5 3 33 52 53 6

625 1289 662 67 800 511 883 51 14 4899

Retail

350

833 51 196 13 113 115 121 3 1 1444

Residential

WA 2014/15

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

138 12 83 1 36 33 45 4

Industrial

WA 2015/16

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Highway

Beach

WA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Car Park

Items

296 45 176 10 162 166 252 18 11 1134

1250 39 135 8 106 59 116 2 2 1714

555 8 78 2 78 49 71 2 1 843

4265 1559 1566 111 1515 1139 1753 100 29 12035

293 84 198 20 115 136 233 20 6 1102

866 25.5 131.5 9 79 57 79 5 3 1252

782 8.5 87 2 103 47 82 3

4524 1726.5 1565 143 1339 924 1523 92 19 11854

-1.2% 47.0% 11.4% 48.7% -41.0% -22.1% -8.2% 7.7% -100.0% -2.4% -2.9%

-44.4% -51.0% -2.7% 16.7% -35.0% -4.4% -47.1% 66.7% 40.0% -37.1% -36.9%

1112 29.0% 5.9% 10.9% 23.9% -5.4% 12.9% 40.0% -100.0% 24.3% 24.2%

5.7% 9.7% 0.0% 22.1% -13.1% -23.2% -15.1% -8.2% -54.1% -1.4% -1.5%

Over the longer term, WA has been experiencing steadily declining litter levels, driven primarily by reductions in cigarette litter. In more recent surveys, both cigarette litter and total litter levels have stabilised. This has also meant that the shape of the WA litter stream over the last three surveys has also remained relatively unchanged.

Volumetric Impacts While there has been an increase in litter counted, the volume this litter stream represents has fallen by 2.8%. Reduced beverage container litter drove the majority of the decrease offset by increases in the volume cigarette and general other categories. Cigarette litter volumes increased due to increased levels of higher volume cigarette packaging litter more than offsetting the reduction in the lower volume cigarette butts. Mix changes across the components of the general other category with the impact of less litter across a few high volume items (plastic white milk 90

containers, flavoured drink bottles >1 litre and general domestic containers) offset the increases from the aforementioned items

22.110 95.5% -15.7% -0.1% 66.7% -10.8% 37.5% -14.0% 41.7% -8.1% -8.1%

13.673 742.839 192.222 1.365 2.158 0.466 402.407 2.134 132.000 1489.263

2.795 64.941 21.897 0.187 0.477 0.156 28.514 0.410 48.000 167.377

25.6% 35.6% 22.6% 50.0% 3.4% -35.3% 44.2% 67.7% 66.7% 34.2% 47.8%

-36.7% 4.6% -4.4% 4.3% -25.3% -37.0% -6.7% -11.7% -145.5% -0.5% -13.4%

-57.9% 12.4% 5.3% -5.3% -18.1% -33.2% -71.4% -89.3% 50.0% -11.1% 6.4%

Recreational Park

3.056 45.742 25.071 0.511 0.394 0.106 24.846 0.315 72.000 172.042

0.116 4.483 4.957 0.020 0.183 0.050 3.129 0.034 12.972 0.560 7.771 10.979 0.079 0.389 0.063 7.541 0.153 27.534 79.3% 42.3% 54.8% 75.0% 53.0% 20.8% 58.5% 77.8% 52.9% 52.9%

Total

4.413 56.878 20.734 0.196 0.563 0.208 48.861 0.776 24.000 156.630

Shopping Centre

0.356 5.798 5.860 0.059 0.110 0.065 9.657 0.204

18.690 708.615 200.719 1.306 2.704 0.638 429.568 2.385 324.000 1688.625

Retail

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

23.903

2.273 29.445 19.411 0.255 0.380 0.144 13.864 0.102 24.000 89.875

Residential

WA 2014/15

0.016 6.708 5.866 0.020 0.122 0.041 11.012 0.119

Industrial

WA 2015/16

Butts & Packaging Beverage Containers Takeaway Food & Beverage Other Glass Other Paper Other plastic General other Plastic Bags Illegal Dumping GRAND TOTAL

Highway

Beach

WA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Car Park

Volume - Litres

2.647 23.480 14.557 0.196 0.546 0.208 34.283 1.013 264.000 340.930

1.450 22.284 17.993 0.147 0.358 0.074 13.042 0.078 36.000 91.427

1.153 4.496 8.260 0.039 0.264 0.061 3.958 0.051 12.000 30.282

30.758 856.390 292.498 2.180 5.119 1.423 557.717 4.558 684.000 2434.643

2.102 48.068 15.816 0.383 0.387 0.170 56.599 0.957 132.000 256.482

0.971 14.393 17.367 0.177 0.265 0.071 3.272 0.153 60.000 96.668

0.525 3.976 5.718 0.039 0.346 0.058 3.571 0.085

24.038 933.530 294.930 2.799 4.526 1.155 536.407 4.410 444.000 2245.795

-25.9% 51.2% 8.0% 48.7% -41.0% -22.1% 39.4% -5.9% -100.0% 38.2% -32.9%

-49.4% -54.8% -3.6% 16.7% -35.0% -4.4% -298.7% 49.1% 40.0% -51.2% 5.4%

14.319 -119.4% -13.1% -44.5% 23.9% -5.4% -10.8% 40.0% -100.0% -27.7% -111.5%

-28.0% 8.3% 0.8% 22.1% -13.1% -23.2% -4.0% -3.3% -54.1% 2.8% -8.4%

Littering Location The breakdown of the location of the litter found in Western Australia is contained in the following charts which demonstrate that with the exception of major roads/highways, all sites have seen reduced litter levels over time. As a consequence, major roads/highways are becoming the proportionally increasing their share of the WA litter stream. In 2015/16 survey less litter was found on beaches (‐28.6%), car parks (‐12.6%), recreational parks (‐ 40.8%) and shopping centres (‐24.3%). The most significant increases were seen in retail precincts (+37.1%) and major roads/highways (+13.1%).

Beaches

Litter levels across WA beaches continues to fall, driven primarily by declining cigarette related litter (down 45.6%). All other categories experienced declines apart from small increases in beverage container, takeaway food packaging and other paper. Car Parks For the third year in a row, less litter was found again Western Australia’s car parks. All categories other than other plastic (+35.3%) and general other (+9.0%). The major contributor to the reduction came from cigarette butts (down 17.5%).

Major Roads/Highways Litter levels on Western Australia’s major roads and highways increased by 13.1% in the 2015/16 survey. With the only categories showing declines were beverage containers (‐6.3%) and other glass (‐4.3%), significant increases were seen in every other category. Cigarette litter increased by 13.5%, takeaway food by 11.5%, general other b 28.8% and plastic bags by 40.3%. Other plastic and other paper rose by 25.3% and 37% respectively.

Industrial The 2015/16 NLI recorded a 3.9% decline in the litter counted around WA industrial precincts and as shown in the chart below reflects a relatively stable longer term litter stream. Cigarette litter fell by 20.1% and beverage container litter fell by 14.2%. All other categories experienced increased litter counts with the most significant being 18.1% increase in other paper and a 33.2% increase in other plastic.

Recreational Parks Litter counts in Western Australia’s recreational parks continues to fall. In 2015/16 reductions were seen in every category and while the 2014/15 result looks abnormally high, the current result appears to continue the longer term trend of reduced litter levels.

Residential Streets The 2015/16 survey recorded 2.4% more litter on Western Australia’s residential streets. More cigarette litter, other paper, other plastic and general other litter was offset by reductions in takeaway packaging and beverage containers and to a lesser extent other glass and plastic bags.

Retail Precincts Western Australia’s retail shopping strips saw another increase in litter in the 2015/16 survey. This is the second yearly increase after a four year period of litter reduction. The 37.1% increase overall was driven by a 37.1% increase in cigarette litter but increases were also seen in beverage containers (+51%), takeaway food packaging (+2.7%), other plastic (+35.0%) and general other categories (+47.1%).

Shopping Centres After a period of relative stability, the 2015/16 NLI observed a 24.2% decrease in litter counted at shopping centres in Western Australia. Most categories fell with the most significant declines seen in cigarette butts (‐29.0%), and other paper (‐23.9%), takeaway food (‐10.(%) and general other (‐ 12.9%). There was a small increase in other plastic.

Normalisation for Area Surveyed As shown in the tables below, when the area surveyed is taken into account, retail strips have the highest litter loads in Western Australia with a load of 126.3 items per 1000 sq metres. Across the state the 2015/16 survey showed found, on average, 50.9 items per 1000 sq meters, an increase from 50.2 items per 1000 sq meters found in the 2014/15 survey.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Items

WA 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 350 43.8

34365 1443 42.0

87565 4886 55.8

14985 1346 89.8

26000 304 11.7

35870 1123 31.3

13556 1713 126.3

15625 842 53.9

235966 12006 50.9

WA 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 490 61.3

34365 1652 48.1

87565 4322 49.4

14985 1401 93.5

26000 514 19.8

35870 1097 30.6

13556 1250 92.2

15625 1112 71.2

235966 11836 50.2

WA - ANNUAL 2015/16

A different picture emerges in volumetric terms, which indicates that the volumetric litter loads are the highest on major roads / highways (15.6 litres per 1000 sq metres). As explained earlier, te volumetric load across the state has fallen despite an increase in items counted.

Beach

Car Park

Highway

Industrial

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

Total

Volume - Litres

WA 2015/2016

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 23.903 3.0

34365 65.875 1.9

87565 1364.625 15.6

14985 132.630 8.9

26000 12.972 0.5

35870 76.930 2.1

13556 55.427 4.1

15625 18.282 1.2

235966 1750.643 7.4

WA 2014/2015

Area Surveyed Items Counted (excl illegal dumping) Per 1000 sq m

8000 22.110 2.8

34365 100.042 2.9

87565 1357.263 15.5

14985 119.377 8.0

26000 27.534 1.1

35870 124.482 3.5

13556 36.668 2.7

15625 14.319 0.9

235966 1801.795 7.6

WA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Detailed Litter Count Tables ‐ Western Australia

Recreational Park

Residential

Retail

Shopping Centre

284

1244

550

GLASS METAL MISCELLANEOUS PAPER/PAPERBOARD PLASTIC

14 5

1 1 1

1 4

2 1 3 2 1

18 1 6 4 1 12 1 4 1

26 3 1 37 8

39 8 20 93 15 1 2

1 12 2

3 13 9

1 23

42 4

1 1 1 1 67 1 16 1 351 14 5 118 81 2 289 4 21 6 3 44 141 51 762 173 12 1 19 65 2 40 310 97 4 5

2 30 1

1 12 11 3 64 4 1

1 1 1 36 3 3 2 49

10 20 1 1 2 2 113 7 5 17 9 189 2

4 3 1

3 1 1

1 1

4 33 5 3 13 1 9 5 12 2 8 1 101 350

1 3 4 1 1 13 115 6 7 1 24 1 35 13 33 2 13

279 1444

8 11 1 56 1 47 6 154 18 10 1 3 511 61 131 17 38 35 115 26 68 50 101 2 1517 4899

1 1

1 2 20 11 2 5 2 1 10 2 3 5

14 1 10 28 15

23 20 42 112 28

32 10 11 66 9

20 6 14 49 3

1 1

8 2 4 44 1 2 2 1 28 21 27 138 30 3 6

18 2

3 1

1 8

1 4 7

2 12 12

1 1 2 7 8

1 67 2

27 2

4 1 3 1 11

2 1

8 86 231 5 1 17 5 19 800 87 40 5 1 1407 2 13 38

20 22 2 1 6 5 167 14 6 12 2 260 2 2 19 1 2 1 1 9

1 1 4

54 2 1 4 66

1 4

1 1

1 12 12 1

6 18 1

13 9 162 16 18 16 7 266

2 5 1 106 7 9 19 21 196

8 11

369 1347

1 2 7 40 2 2

4 2 78 4 4 21 9 131

2 1

1 1 2 1

1 3

1 1 3 1 2 1 2 167 25 9 2 22 3 35 5 21 23 16

5 6

6 1 1

2 1 3 1

1 1 1 1

8 59 5 6 1 11

4 49 1 2

6 166 24 6 1 26 4 45 6 35 11 19

20 5 21 1 15

12 6 14 1 5

121 304

375 1134

163 1714

99 843

14 2 25 3 13

4126 43 236 14 8 8 1 1 1 1 1 111 1 18 3 443 29 7 140 89 9 369 7 41 15 4 224 208 175 1285 279 3 33 1 14 78 115 2 44 567 108 4 6 2 9 139 316 9 1 20 34 38 1515 139 84 94 48 2563 5 22 78 10 14 11 2 74 1 51 11 170 21 15 2 45 1139 128 165 21 149 44 294 68 215 89 183 2 3023 12035

y y y y y y y y y

43 236 14 8 8 1 1 1 1

y y

3 314

y y y y y

140 89 9 369 7

Takeawy Food

items

Industrial 486

items

Highway 540 41 200 9 8 7

Beverage Containe

Car Park 823 1 5

Total

Beach 138 1 1

WA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Beverage Containers

Takeaway food

Items

224

614

264

14 y

108

y y

9 1

316

123

y y y y y y

2 74 1 51 11 170

336

y y

165 21

508 1559

149

y y y

294 68 215

183

953 1566

Detailed Litter Volume Tables – Western Australia

Retail

Shopping Centre

0.033

0.143

0.063

GLASS METAL MISCELLANEOUS PAPER/PAPERBOARD PLASTIC

2.778

4.629

0.231

0.229 0.277 0.639

0.020

0.187 1.044

0.647 0.431 1.064 0.925 0.232

0.255

2.526 24.000 2.373 1.726 0.431 5.106 0.191 1.618 0.232

0.102 0.032 0.002 3.434 0.115

0.154 0.080 0.031 11.942 0.230 0.000 0.540

0.001 0.162 0.000

0.003 0.176 0.001

0.113 0.390

2.916

0.002 0.087 0.590 0.122 0.200 0.026 0.003 3.946

0.119 0.001 8.324

0.266

0.601 0.311

0.002 0.041 0.001 2.364 0.100 0.000 0.067 0.048 0.047 0.056 1.656 1.068 15.072 23.903

0.949 2.690

2.179 14.215 0.151 0.001 0.348 2.360 0.380 0.560 0.053 0.035 0.008 22.979 0.002 0.102 0.000 8.324

1.332 0.738 3.003 2.177 0.827 0.200 0.007 0.144 0.002 5.515 1.542 0.192 0.000 0.274 0.120 0.136 0.056 2.691

27.384 89.875

0.396 0.639 0.424 0.555 1.306 0.581 13.817 0.187 140.371 324.000 3.079 50.905 34.728 0.863 122.980 1.526 9.479 2.783 11.425 0.174 1.489 0.080 239.510 2.647 4.140 0.000 0.250 0.011 0.003 9.000 16.051 64.894 3.544 2.811 7.595 18.628 168.387 1.512 2.070 0.040 0.783 22.420 2.704 6.920 0.423 0.010 0.001 302.743 0.003 1.095 1.290 66.592 235.809 0.043 29.831 2.137 34.299 6.606 95.494 28.945 3.800 2.137 0.001 0.638 0.016 103.215 26.207 0.304 0.011 0.897 0.250 0.278 1.875 20.909 3.205 665.887 1688.625

0.196

0.020

1.337 12.097 24.000

0.000 0.155 0.002 0.675 3.265 2.690 0.506

0.147

0.039

0.462 0.232

0.446 0.749 5.036 264.000 1.026 1.941 0.647 0.431 4.043 0.763 1.387 2.319

0.054 0.011 0.016 1.755 0.230

0.092 0.207 0.065 12.922 0.428

0.126 0.106 0.016 6.352 0.130

0.080 0.058 0.022 4.408 0.038

4.680

0.180

0.020 0.342

3.451 0.863 1.726 18.511 0.191 0.694 0.928 4.570 0.112 0.223 0.041 31.308 0.451 0.001 1.980

0.196

0.638

5.054 36.000

0.271 12.000

0.863

0.216

0.431 3.192

1.489

1.618

2.543

0.000 0.054 0.001

0.002 0.155 0.002

0.180 0.563 0.002 0.095 0.001

0.285

0.113 5.380 1.009

0.970 1.009

0.004 0.007 0.000 0.001 0.230

0.937 2.070

2.070

4.357 16.037 0.605

0.109 2.916

0.001 1.044 5.310 0.563 1.120 0.063 0.023 0.001 34.391 0.002 0.131 0.645 0.000 12.486 11.229 0.043 4.794

0.183 0.160 0.005 0.007 5.450

0.034 0.001

0.043 0.266

1.013 2.614 8.383 0.151

1.307 12.757 0.151

2.175 10.620 0.546 1.240 0.185 0.032 0.006 27.975

0.004 0.870 1.180 0.358 0.560 0.095 0.038 0.018 19.284

0.657 0.356

51.513 156.630

0.622 0.600 0.004 0.050 0.001 1.576

0.609 1.770 0.264 0.320 0.037 0.043 0.007 8.513

0.051 0.000

8.324

0.044 0.034 0.000 8.324

0.043 1.332

1.065

0.266

0.738 0.601 1.866 1.654 0.800 2.137 0.001 0.208 0.007 7.091 3.083 0.172 0.001 0.270 0.048 0.087 0.844 3.312

1.089 4.374

3.422 0.827 0.200

1.475 1.201 1.555 0.827

0.601 0.311 0.827 0.200

0.004 0.074 0.001 4.727 0.771 0.088

0.002 0.061 0.000 1.182

1.139

0.003 0.208 0.006 4.333 0.771 0.204 0.001 0.352 0.058 0.142 0.413 3.933

0.157 0.048 0.085 0.038 3.105

0.090 0.053 0.056 0.038 1.035

5.455 12.972

25.586 340.930

23.623 91.427

4.796 30.282

0.108 0.000 0.192 0.029 0.054

0.024

0.474 15.908 109.019 12.248 3.663 3.444 0.639 0.396 0.639 0.424 0.555 2.180 0.581 15.600 1.123 166.418 684.000 4.448 60.396 38.395 3.883 157.023 2.671 18.726 6.725 15.995 0.894 2.205 0.272 311.632 4.269 0.001 11.700 0.563 0.012 1.053 0.019 0.005 9.900 27.521 72.292 4.051 3.749 4.140 8.608 30.284 229.984 2.570 2.070 0.048 5.916 44.250 5.119 11.080 0.889 0.191 0.042 425.281 0.008 1.927 2.630 0.002 112.374 247.038 0.173 39.153 2.137 37.250 12.612 105.759 33.907 5.801 4.273 0.024 1.423 0.035 130.004 32.373 1.193 0.014 2.298 0.653 0.885 3.319 37.781 4.273 819.317 2434.643

y y y y y y y y y

15.908 109.019 12.248 3.663 3.444 0.639 0.396 0.639 0.424

y y

0.581

1.123 148.083

y y y y y

60.396 38.395 3.883 157.023 2.671

Volume

Residential

0.007

Takeawy Food

Takeaway food

Recreational Park

0.056 6.481 4.083

Volume

Industrial

0.062 15.346 92.353 8.166 3.434 3.167

Beverage Containe

Highway

0.095 0.187 2.083

Total

Car Park

0.016 0.374 0.463

WA - ANNUAL 2015/16

Beverage Containers

Beach

Volume - Litres

18.726

0.894

262.367

19.620

0.012

0.012 y

72.292

3.749

y y

2.570 2.070

229.984

0.048

80.681

y y y y y y

0.173 39.153 2.137 37.250 12.612 105.759

5.801

y y

230.032

0.024

130.004 32.373

365.260 856.390

1.193

y y y

2.298 0.653 0.885

37.781

42.833 292.498