ERGONOMICAL SOLUTIONS FOR
CLUSTER ARTISANS
KHUSHBOO CHORARIA F&LA 2014-18 ROLL NO.11
Ergonomics
Ergonomic Problem I
The word “Ergonomics” comes from two Greek words “ergon,” meaning “work”, and “nomos” meaning “laws.” The process of ergonomics involves studying the user and studying the job or task, and then designing the work environment (or processes and products) to optimize the user ís safety, health, comfort, and performance.
Assignment Brief The aim of a series of sessions on this case study, is to learn from practical experiences and about the working system of the artisans working in villages. Eventually to give possible solutions on applicability of methods and techniques performed by the artisans. Also, to understand and diagnose the ergonomic problems faced by them that needs to be avoided.
Symptoms
Possible Causes
Hands, Wrists
Pain, Swelling
Repetitive or forceful hand or wrist motions
Fingers
Pain, Loss of feeling, Numbness
Continous force or constant pressure
Back
Numbness in upper legs, Low back pain
Absence of the “S” curve
Caused Due To : • Long working hours • Extensive manual tasks without time to recover • No proper workspace is made according to the task • Constant pressure is required for making a tight braid • Lot of force is being applied by the finger to get the accuracy
Basis of Problem Solving There are ten basic principles of Ergonomics : 1. Work in Neutral Posturees 2. Reduce Excessive Force 3. Keep Everything in Easy Reach 4. Work at Proper Heights 5. Reduce Excessive Motions 6. Minimize Fatigue and Static Load 7. Minimize Pressure Points 8. Provide Clearance 9. Move, Exercise, and Stretch 10. Maintain a Comfortable Environment
Body Parts Affected
Ergonomic Problems :
Ergonomic Soultion :
Twisted Trunk strains the back
Keep everything in easy reach
Akward back postures
Work in neutral posturees
Joints are not in a neutral position
Minimize pressure Points
Akward elbow postures
Reduce excessive angles
Move, exercise, and stretch
Ergonomic Problem 3
Ergonomic Problem 2 Body Parts Affected
Symptoms
Possible Causes
Body Parts Affected
Symptoms
Possible Causes
Hands, Wrists
Pain, Swelling
Repetitive or forceful hand or wrist motions
Elbow
Pain, Stiffness
Working in abnormal angles
Fingers
Pain, Loss of feeling, Numbness
Continous force or constant pressure
Fingers
Pain, Loss of feeling, Numbness
Continous force or constant pressure
Back
Numbness in upper legs, Low back pain
Absence of the “S” curve
Back
Numbness in upper legs, Low back pain
Absence of the “S” curve
Thumb
Pain at the base of thumb
Twisting and gripping
Wrists
Severe or shooting pain, Sensation
Abnormal twist and turn by the wrist
Caused Due To :
Caused Due To :
• Long working hours • Extensive manual tasks without time to recover • No proper workspace is made according to the task • Constant pressure is required for completing the process • Lot of minute stitching is involved which leads to straining eyes
• Long working hours • Extensive manual tasks without time to recover • No proper workspace is made according to the task • Constant force and pressure is required for proper stitching • Uncomfortable working environment leads to abrupt postures
Ergonomic Problems :
Ergonomic Soultion :
Ergonomic Problems :
Ergonomic Soultion :
Joints aren’t in the neutral position
Work in neutral posturees
Absence of the “S” curve
Work in neutral posturees
Akward elbow postures
Reduce excessive angles
Akward elbow postures
Reduce excessive angles
Joints are not in a neutral position
Minimize fatigue and static load
Joints are not in a neutral position
Minimize fatigue and static load
Maintain a comfortable environment
Keep everything in easy reach
Move, exercise, and stretch
Move, exercise, and stretch
Ergonomic Problem 5
Ergonomic Problem 4 Body Parts Affected
Symptoms
Possible Causes
Body Parts Affected
Symptoms
Possible Causes
Wrists
Pain, Numbness
Repetitive or forceful hand or wrist motions
Shoulders
Pain, Stiffness
Working in above the head level
Fingers
Pain, Sensation in the ring finger
Continous force or constant pressure
Fingers
Pain, Loss of feeling, Numbness
Continous force or constant pressure
Back
Numbness in upper legs, Low back pain
Absence of the “S” curve
Back
Numbness in upper legs, Low back pain
Absence of the “S” curve
Thumb
Pain at the base of thumb
Twisting and gripping
Wrists
Severe or shooting pain, Sensation
Abnormal twist and turn by the wrist
Caused Due To :
Caused Due To :
• Long working hours • Extensive manual tasks without time to recover • No proper workspace is made according to the task • Constant pressure is required for making a intricate stitches • Uneasy way of performing the task
• Long working hours • Extensive manual tasks without time to recover • No proper workspace is made according to the task • Constant force and pressure is required for proper filling • Lot of pressure is applied to refine the bamboo edges.
Ergonomic Problems :
Ergonomic Soultion :
Perfoming tasks by bending forward
Work in neutral posturees
Performing tasks above shoulder level
Akward back postures
Reduce excessive angles
Akward elbow postures
Reduce excessive angles
Joints are not in a neutral position
Minimize pressure Points
Joints are not in a neutral position
Minimize fatigue and static load
Maintain a comfortable environment
Akward back postures
Work in neutral posturees
Move, exercise, and stretch
Ergonomic Problems :
Ergonomic Soultion :
Move, exercise, and stretch
Conclusion The ultimate solution for all the problems can be as follows : • Providing adequate breaks between long working hours which will provide them mental and physical fitness. • Doing the work at a proper level so that it can help in working efficiently for long period. • Trying to maintain proper postures to reduce excessive pressure and force. • Creating a proper working space so that eventually they will not end up bending forward and working. Workspace Solution 1 -
Workspace Solution 4 -
Workspace Solution 2 -
Workspace Solution 5 -
Workspace Solution 3 -