Digital Design - Module 02 Semester 1, 2018 Zhexing Huang (Kim) 913199 Joel Collins - Studio 19
Week Three
Reading: Kolerevic B. 2003. Architecture in the Digital Age
Kolerevic described three fundamental type of fabrication techniques in the reading. Outline the three techniques and discuss the potential of Computer Numeric Controlled fabrication with parametric modelling. (150 words max)
Subtractive fabrication is a method that involves the removal of a specified volume of material from solids using electro-, chemically- or mechanically-reductive processes. Laser cutting and CNC milling are examples of this technique. Additive fabrication involves incremental forming by adding material in a layer-by-layer fashion, in a process which is the opposite to milling. Examples of this method include 3D printing and contour crafting. Formative fabrication is a technique in which mechanical forces, restricting forms, heat or steam are applied to a material so as to form it into the desired shape through reshaping or deformation, which can be axially or surface constrained. Parametric modelling allows designers to overcome many previous limiations, and can contribute to higher efficiency towards the design process, as multiple iterations of a single design idea can be conviniently stimulated within the parametric software. With the help of Computer Numeric Controlled fabrication techniques, complex geometries can be developed and physically realised in a short amount of time.
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Week Three
Surface Creation
Lofts
Lofts
1.1
1.2
1.1
{60,150,150}
1.2 {120,150,150}
{60,150,150} {150,30,150}
{0,90,150}
{120,15
{150,30,150}
{0,90,150} {90,0,150}
{120,150,0}
{120,150,0} {0,0,120}
{
{30,150,0} {0,120,0}
{30,150,0}
{0,120,0} {0,120,0} {60,0,0}
{0,120,0}
{60,0,0}
{30,0,0}
{60,0,0}
{30,0,0} {30,0,0}
1.2
1.3
1.2
1.4
1.3
{30,0
Ke
1.4
{ {120,150,150}
{120,150,150}
{150,120,150}
{150,120,150}
{150,30,150} {30,150,150}
0,0} {0,0,120}
{0,0,120}
{30,150,0}
{30,150,0}
{0,120,0}
{0,120,0}
{60,0,0}
{60,0,0}
0,0,0} {30,0,0}
{60,0,0} {30,0,0}
2.1
{0,120,150}
Paneling Grid & Attractor Point
{90,0,150}
Paneling Grid & Attractor Point
{90,0,150}
{30,150,150}
2.1
{60,0,150}
2.2
{90,0,150}
{0,25,150}
{30,0,150}
{0,30,0} {78,83,54}
2.2
{0,120,150}
{0,25,150}
{30,0,150}
{150,90,0}
{0,0,107}
{150,90,0}
{0,0,107
{0,150,0}
{0,150,0}
{0,120,0}
{0,120,0} {90,0,0}
{30,0,0}
{0,30,0} {78,83,54}
{30,0,0}
{30,0,0}
After creating the 150*150*150 cubic framework, points along the edges of the framework were selected and connected in order to form two straight edges. These new {139,71,85} {139,71,85} edges were then lofted into the curved surfaces. When creating these surfaces, I tried not to make them dramatically twisted in consideration for an easier paneling
2.3surfaces were stable enough 2.4orientated. 2.2 about whether the shapes of these 2.3 to stand up, and how they can be process2.2 at a later stage. I also thought
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Paneling
Paneling
3.1
{78,83,54}
3.2
3.1 {78,83,54}
2.4
3.2
Week Four Panels & Waffle 3.4
Both surfaces were panelled with the custom panels shown on the
The waffle structure was gennerated in Grasshopper according to the contours of the curved surfaces. It is designed to provide support for the external envelope.
bottom-left corner of the image. It is made from a square frame divided diagonally into two triangles, then extruded upwards into two pyramids, and finally trimmed to make triangular perforations.
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Week Four
Laser Cutting
In preparation for laser cutting, the panelled surfaces eeded to be unrolled into flat templates. After the unrolling process, foldlines were identified and added onto the templates along with the tabs for gluing the templates together. The templates and shapes for the waffle were then laid out into the Fablab laser cutting file, with cut lines and etched lines put into separate layers. Objects within the laser cutting file were placed as close to each other as allowed in order to save material and cost.
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Week Five
In scripting and creating the booleaned geometries, a series of point attractors and curve attractors were used to manipulate the original grids and centroid points within the 150*150*150mm cubic framework. For the various iterations, different geometric forms such as spheres, platonic dodecahedrons and tetrahedrons were scaled into various sizes and subtracted from the original cubic solid, creating voids within the cube.
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Week Five
Isometric
The final 3D print model was a sectioned fragment of the final booleaned cube. The section was made diagonally to the orthogonal edges of the cube so that the faceted internal walls resulted from the boolean operation can be accentuated and shown clearly. The areas where the dodecahedrons penetrated the original cube’s surface resulted in trapeziumshaped openings, through which light could travel through onto the faceted internal walls, creating interesting shading effects. Because of the openings on the right side of the model, it possesss a permeable quality, in contrast to the heavier and more solid qualities on the lef-hand-side.
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Week Six Task 01
Lofts
1.1
1.2
1.3
Key
1.4
{0,0,0} {120,150,150}
{60,150,150}
{150,120,150}
Grid Points (Surface A)
{30,150,150} {0,90,150}
Attractor / Control Points (X,Y,Z) Attractor / Control Curves
{150,30,150}
{0,120,150} {90,0,150}
{60,0,150}
{90,0,150}
Grid Points (Surface B)
{0,25,150} {30,0,150} {120,150,0} {0,0,107}
{150,90,0}
{0,0,120} {30,150,0}
{0,150,0}
{0,120,0} {0,120,0}
{0,120,0}
{60,0,0}
{90,0,0}
{60,0,0}
{30,0,0}
{0,30,0}
{30,0,0}
{30,0,0}
{30,0,0}
{139,71,85}
Paneling Grid & Attractor Point
2.1
Paneling
3.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
{78,83,54}
{78,83,54}
3.2
3.3
3.4
Task 01 Matrix A series of point and curve attractors were used in the experimentation of manipulating the panelling grids. As shown above, iteration #4 was chosen to be developed into the final model, because its two surfaces had the most interesting shapes. In this iteration, one surface wraps around the central space and reaches for the corner of the smaller surface. The two surfaces also display an interaction with each other. Perforations on the panels allow light to penetrate through the waffle structure, together with the solids they create an interplay between light and shadow within the interior.
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Week Six Task 02
Grid Manipulation
1.1
1.2
1.3
Key
1.4
{0,0,0}
Attractor / Control Points (X,Y,Z) Attractor / Control Curves Centroids
{150,111,182}
{-3,-263,-25}
{19,317,79}
{Point Attractor}
{Curve Attractor}
{Point Attractors}
{Random Attractor}
{139,71,85}
Sphere Distribution
2.1
2.2
2.3
2.4
{291,41,87}
{150,111,182}
{-3,-263,-25}
{19,317,79}
Sphere Transformation
{Point Attractor}
{Original Centroids}
{Point Attractors}
{Point Attractor}
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
{291,41,87}
{19,317,79}
{Reverse Point Attractor}
{Consistent Scaling}
{Random Scaling}
{Point Attractor}
Task 02 Matrix After experimenting with the boolean operation using different geometric forms, the iteration with dodecahedrons was chosen to be developed into a final model.
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Week Six
Final Isometric Views
Task 1
Task 2
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Appendix
Process
Some initial experimentation with 3D panelling
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