The Net Positive City SYSTEMS ANALYSIS
Adapting to the future of industry.
RETROFIT REPURPOSE DISAGGREGATE CLUSTER EXPAND
Kiryat Gat’s industrial area was developed to accommodate the industry of the moment: textiles, steel, high technology. What will tomorrow bring? Environmental and economic conditions are changing faster than ever. Here’s how the city could position itself at the forefront.
Current Building Footprint The size and density of buildings illustrates a trend of industry. Older industrial uses tend to consist of small building footprints in dense areas, while newer uses exist in larger building footprints further away from the city.
1 : 15,000 BUILDING
Current Road Network There is currently only one connection across the railroad tracks that links the industrial zone with the core of Kiryat Gat. Beyond this, there are two additional entry/exit roads off of Route 35 to the northeast. There are also few through roads in the zone, making pedestrian circulation almost non-existent. Vacant lands to the east have been earmarked for future industrial use, for which a grid-like road network has been proposed.
BALANCE OF BIOCAPACITY VS. ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT IN GLOBAL HECTARES PER CAPITA
RAIL
SOURCE: NATIONAL FOOTPRINT ACCOUNTS 2010 EDITION, WWW.FOOTPRINTNETWORK.ORG
20
BIOCAPACITY OF PRODUCTION
The Lakhish Region has a high proportion of agricultural land, meaning it will continue to be one of its dominant industries.
200
10
10000
Group
8000
Haifa and Northern Districts Jerusalem and Southern Districts Tel Aviv and Central Districts
●
400,000
●
600,000
●
800,000
Electrical demand is increasing, which calls for clean energy solutions.
Natural Gas
Parti
6000
Gasoil
Coal
4000
2000
TOTAL LAND AREA
-20
200,000
AGRICULTURAL CEMETERY
500
SOURCE: ISRAEL CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
1000
Nit Carb Ca
Heavy Fuel Oil
0
19 7 19 0 7 19 1 7 19 2 7 19 3 74 19 7 19 5 7 19 6 77 19 7 19 8 7 19 9 8 19 0 81 19 8 19 2 83 19 8 19 4 8 19 5 86 19 8 19 7 8 19 8 89 19 9 19 0 9 19 1 92 19 9 19 3 94 19 9 19 5 96 19 9 19 7 98 19 9 20 9 00 20 0 20 1 02 20 0 20 3 04 20 0 20 5 06
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-10
CULTIVATED LAND
0
●
HI-TECH INDUSTRY LIGHT INDUSTRY HEAVY INDUSTRY COMMERCIAL
ELECTRICITY FUEL MIX IN METRIC TONS, 1970-2006
Population 100
1 : 15,000
The history of expansion in the industrial zone can be traced by its use. The oldest industrial facilities exist to the northwest, adjacent to the train tracks. These buildings are densely situated and house light industry, such as warehouses and auto repair shops. To the southeast, there is a concentration of large footprint buildings that house heavy industrial manufacturing, including aluminum and steel mills. On the outskirts of the zone are the newest plants, consisting of high-tech manufacturing campuses for companies such as Intel, Micron, and HP.
VACANT LAND BUILDINGS ROAD
RATIO OF TOTAL AREA TO CULTIVATED LAND BY REGION IN ISRAEL, IN THOUSAND DUNAMS
300
30
Israel has an ecological deficit of 4.5 gha / person, meaning its citizens consume more resources than the country is capable of producing.
Current Building Use
1 : 15,000
Vacant space is prevalent throughout the industrial zone. There exist opportunities for infill development as well as expansion into agricultural lands for transitional uses and productive buffers.
ROAD
FOR 152 HIGH, MIDDLE, & LOW-INCOME NATIONS FIGURES FROM 2007
ECOLOGICAL FOOTPRINT OF CONSUMPTION
Current Vacant Spaces
1 : 15,000
SOURCE: ISRAEL CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
WATER WITHDRAWALS AS A PERCENT OF INTERNAL WATER RESOURCES
FOR 142 HIGH, MIDDLE, & LOW-INCOME NATIONS (FIGURES FROM 2000)
SOURCE: WORLD RESOURCES INSTITUTE (WWW.WRI.ORG), EARTHTRENDS (EARTHTRENDS.WRI.ORG)
180
ELECTRICITY FUEL MIX IN MANUFACTURING PRODUCTION INDEX METRIC TONS, 1970-2006 BY TECHNOLOGICAL INTENSITY demand is High Technology Production is rapidly Electrical High Technology increasing, which calls increasing, outpacing the growth of tradi8000 for clean energy tional industries. solutions.
500% 400% 300% 200% 100%
Central African Rep Congo Dem Rep Congo Papua New Guinea Gabon Iceland Angola Fiji Sierra Leone Bhutan Cameroon Equatorial Guinea Bolivia Colombia Paraguay Mozambique New Zealand Norway Panama Guinea Guyana Nicaragua Comoros Suriname Uganda Belize Honduras Gambia Lesotho Brazil Guinea-Bissau Cote d'Ivoire Peru Venezuela Benin Mongolia Chile Chad Togo Canada Laos Malaysia Rwanda Sweden Guatemala Russian Federation Zambia Finland Ireland Costa Rica Burundi Indonesia Ghana Cambodia Nigeria Austria Myanmar Ecuador Jamaica Madagascar Ethiopia Australia Namibia Nepal Uruguay Philippines Georgia Tanzania Djibouti Malawi Burkina Faso Switzerland United Kingdom El Salvador Cape Verde Belarus Haiti Kenya Botswana Trinidad and Tobago Senegal Argentina Mali Greece Dominican Rep Turkey United States Tajikistan Mexico Viet Nam Czech Rep Japan Eritrea Denmark Kyrgyzstan China France Italy Sri Lanka Mauritius South Africa Korea, Rep Lebanon Portugal Poland Cyprus Singapore Spain Armenia Zimbabwe Swaziland Thailand Morocco Germany Kazakhstan Bulgaria India Algeria Romania Iran Niger Tunisia Netherlands Bangladesh Barbados Sudan Hungary Oman Jordan Yemen Moldova Israel Syrian Arab Rep Pakistan Uzbekistan Mauritania Qatar Saudi Arabia United Arab Emeriates Turkmenistan Egypt Bahrain
0%
Commuter Network
1 : 25,000
Integrating rail, bus and pedestrian networks creates more efficient circulation patterns while increasing the viability of a central commercial corridor that connects to the train station and the central core of Kiryat Gat.
AUTOMOBILE RAIL BUS PEDESTRIAN
KIRYAT GAT 2025
NEXCITY: REFIGURED URBANISM FOR THE NEW CENTURY
TEAM
MICHAEL KAPLAN STEPHEN KENNEDY JARED PRESS CHRIS RHIE
Road & Pedestrian Network 1 : 25,000 Future road and pedestrian networks from Kiryat Gat to the industrial zone improve circulation, link commuters to the central core, and increase connections throughout the city.
AUTOMOBILE PEDESTRIAN EDUCATIONAL TRAIL
160
Natural Gas
Suspended Particulate Matter
Gasoil
Coal
4000
120
Medium-Low Technology Medium-High Technology Low Technology Heavy Fuel Oil
2000
100
0
80
100,000
Emissions are decreasing, as industrial processes become cleaner and leaner.
Sulpher Oxides
6000
140
140,000
120,000
80,000
60,000
40,000
Nitrogen Oxides Carbon Monoxide
20,000
Carbon Dioxide
19 7 19 0 7 19 1 7 19 2 7 19 3 74 19 7 19 5 7 19 6 77 19 7 19 8 7 19 9 8 19 0 8 19 1 8 19 2 83 19 8 19 4 8 19 5 8 19 6 8 19 7 8 19 8 8 19 9 9 19 0 9 19 1 9 19 2 9 19 3 9 19 4 9 19 5 96 19 9 19 7 98 19 9 20 9 0 20 0 0 20 1 0 20 2 0 20 3 04 20 0 20 5 06
Israel withdraws 273% of its IWR, at an annual rate of 337 m3 per person (the equivalent of 337,000 one-liter water bottles per year).
600%
PRODUCTION INDEX (BASE YEAR 2005 = 100)
10000
MANUFACTURING EMISSIONS IN METRIC TONS, 2000-2004
2000
2001
2002
2003
SOURCE: ISRAEL CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
2004 SOURCE: ISRAEL CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
60 1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
YEAR
Resource Network A closed-loop industrial system RESOURCE CLUSTER reuses by-products from one POTABLE WATER industry as the inputs for anWASTEWATER other, creating more efficient AG. PRODUCTION and sustainable manufacturing.
2010
SOURCE: ISRAEL CENTRAL BUREAU OF STATISTICS
1 : 15,000 IMPORTED RESOURCES EXPORTED PRODUCTS SOLID WASTE ORGANIC MATTER SOLAR ENERGY
Shipping Network Most final manufacturing products are shipped via the state highway network. Most Kiryat Gat products are routed through Route 6 with a secondary system along Highway 35 to the port of Ashdod.
1 : 15,000 SHIPPING NETWORK
The Net Positive City SITE DETAILS
HOTEL
RETROFITTED LIVE-WORK SPACES
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION
RESOURCE RECOVERY CENTER
OPEN SPACE ALONGSIDE PRODUCTIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY CLUSTER
COMMERCIAL CORRIDOR
MOSHAV STYLE RESIDENCES AND PRODUCTIVE LANDSCAPE
SOLAR ENERGY PRODUCTION
1 : 5,000
WATER
SOLAR RADIATION
PRODUCTIVE LANDSCAPE
BIO-MATERIAL
AGRI-INDUSTRIAL
ENERGY
SOLAR INDUSTRY
RAW & RECYCLED MATERIAL
WASTEWATER TREATMENT
RESOURCE RECOVERY
MANUFACTURED GOODS
HEAVY INDUSTRY
CORE COMMERCIAL
INVESTMENT
HIGH TECH
CREATIVE CAPITAL
NEW STARTUPS
Resource Flow Section
Adolescent
Activities and Movements: by Age group
KIRYAT GAT 2025
NEXCITY: REFIGURED URBANISM FOR THE NEW CENTURY
TEAM
MICHAEL KAPLAN STEPHEN KENNEDY JARED PRESS CHRIS RHIE
Adult
Middle Aged
Elderly
The Net Positive City SITE DETAILS Tools for Industrial Adaptation Retrofit
Repurpose
Disaggregate
Expand
Retrofit existing neighborhoods with good infrastructure. Provide the seeds for regeneration with improved mobility networks, innovative service delivery, thoughful landscaping, and revitalized storefronts.
Dismantle infrastructure for outmoded industry with contaminated sites. Upcycle waste materials into new infrastructure and utilize temporary tactics while transitioning toward redevelopment.
Disaggregate the “all under roof� closed campus model by sharing amentities amongst industries and emphasizing flexible and adaptive spaces.
Expand to include productive landscapes that nuture future industry while planning for complimentary production cycles to adapt to the eco-industrial model.
RETROFIT REPURPOSE DISAGGREGATE CLUSTER EXPAND Current Building Footprint
Smart City Incubator
Old workshops and warehouses are retrofitted and converted into live/ work spaces and start-up incubators to provide space for small businesses and fledgling entrepreneurs.
The industrial park becomes the testing ground for smart city technologies, including e-retail and mobile solar.
Mobile Solar Mobile solar installations allow the city to temporarily produce energy on underutilized land. On the verge of development, the installations can be moved to the fringe of the city.
Temporary Activities
New weekend markets can be held in spaces designed for temporary uses, such as beneath the bridge connecting disaggregated industrial campuses.
Hybrid Landscapes
Hybrid landscapes mix agricultural and energy production to initiate a sustainable urban metabolism to navigate Kiryat Gat toward being a net positive city. Productive landscapes combine solar electricity generation and agriculture, providing a semi-permanent growth buffer along the fringe.
Technology Clusters
Technology clusters built with integrated residential and retail uses provide vibrant spaces for both residents and commuters to enjoy themselves and experience a new urban lifestyle.
Responsive Lighting
Responsive light installations engage users and provide real-time energy performance feedback.
KIRYAT GAT 2025
NEXCITY: REFIGURED URBANISM FOR THE NEW CENTURY
TEAM
MICHAEL KAPLAN STEPHEN KENNEDY JARED PRESS CHRIS RHIE
Resource Recycling Center
Remediated Sites
New Connections
New open spaces are created to remediate existing brownfields without hindering current manufacturing production.
A Resource Recycling Center becomes a hub for the sharing of resources as well as a communal exchange of goods.
Transit and pedestrian networks are established to provide access and livability for residents and commuters alike.
Recreational activities exist alongside productive industrial processing, changing the view and culture of industrial spaces.