RESOURCE GENERATOR FOR THE KORAIL SLUM IN DHAKA BANGLADESH KEVIN KIRK ADVANCED DESIGN STUDIO LAWRENCE TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BY
2012
BANGLADESH DHAKA
148,692,000 POPULATION 15,700,000 EXPECTED GROW 20,000,000 2050 60% DHAKA’S LIVE IN SLUMS KORAIL DHAKA’S LARGEST SLUM HAS A POPULATION OF OVER 120,000 LAND AREA 0.92 SQUARE MILES & INCOME IN KORAIL TK 5,278 ($70.87 US) HAS A
IT’S CAPITOL CITY AND IS of
POPULATION OF
HAS A
TO
OF
TO
BY
POPULATION
IS
IT’S
AND
IS APPROXIMATELY
THE AVG. MONTHLY
IS
KORAIL
BANGLADESH
DHAKA BURMA
INDIA BANGLADESH DHAKA
KORAIL
MID-HIGH RISE
SIT
BUSINESS DISTRICT
E SE
CTI
ON
KORAIL SLUM
MID-HIGH RISE
KORAIL SLUM
BANANI LAKE
BUSINESS DIST.
GULSHAN LAKE
CLEAN WATER IS PIPED INTO THE SLUM THROUGH ILLEGALLY TAPPED LINES FROM THE DEVELOPED AREAS
THE GROUNDWATER IN THE SLUM IS
THERE IS VERY LITTLE INFRASTRUCTURE
OFTEN CONTAMINATED
AVAILABLE FOR THE PROVISION OF CLEAN FRESH
ARE RELATED TO WATER BORNE ILLNESSES wateraid.org
MANY RESIDENTS COLLECT THEIR
24% OF ALL DEATHS IN BANGLADESH
WATER IN THE SLUM
DRINKING WATER
FROM PUBLIC TAPS LOCATED SOME DISTANCE FROM THEIR HOMES
DHAKA, BANGLADESH RECEIVES ON AVERAGE 73.8 INCHES OF RAIN ANNUALLY. THIS MEANS THAT EVERY SQUARE FOOT OF LAND (OR ROOF) AREA CAN COLLECT UP TO 45.8 GALLONS OF WATER EVERY YEAR.
OVER 1 MILLION SQUARE FOOT OF ROOF (COLLECTING WATER) WOULD BE REQUIRED TO PROVIDE EVERY PERSON IN THE SLUM WITH ONE GALLON OF WATER PER DAY. GEORGIA COLLEGE http://hercules.gcsu.edu/
THERE ARE PUBLIC TOILETS WITHIN THE SLUM, HOWEVER
OVERCROWDING AND PROXIMITY FORCE SOME TO USE HANGING LATRINES (SHOWN ABOVE), WHICH PUT HUMAN WASTE DIRECTLY INTO THE LAKE WATER WHERE SOME RESIDENTS CLEAN THEIR CLOTHING AN BATHE.
MANY SLUMS AROUND THE WORLD ARE USING HUMAN, ANIMAL, AND FOOD
WASTE TO PROVIDE ENERGY USING BIO-GAS DIGESTERS. THESE DIGESTERS PROVIDE METHANE GAS FOR COOKING, LIGHT, HEAT, AND ELECTRICITY. THE RESULTING SLURRY CAN ALSO BE USED AS FERTILIZER. METHANE PROVIDES A CLEANER BURNING FUEL OVER WOOD AND GARBAGE
THE
EXISTING CONDITIONS WITHIN THE KORAIL SLUM PRESENT MANY
CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONCEPTION SYSTEM THE
ADEQUATE
OF A
THAT WILL PROVIDE BOTH
SHELTER AND THE NECESSARY TOOLS FOR THE COLLECTION AND GENERATION OF RESOURCES THE KEY DESIGN ISSUES WILL BE ON
THE
HARVESTING OF
RAINWATER & THE
PRODUCTION OF
SANITARY METHANE GAS
THE
PROVISION OF
FACILITIES
SYSTEM WILL BE ACTIVATED AS AN EDUCATIONAL FACILITY. ADULT LITERACY IN THE KORAIL SLUM IS ONLY 36% AND MANY CHILDREN WORK AS OPPOSED TO GOING TO SCHOOL. THE SYSTEM AS A SCHOOL WILL ACT AS A MECHANISM TO DUPLICATE ITSELF THROUGH VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOCUSED ON CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR THIS SYSTEM AND ACQUIRING ALL THE COMPONENTS NECESSARY. THE
N EXISTING ROADWAYS AND FOOT PATHS
NEW BUILDING FOOTPRINTS WITH CENTRALIZED
COURTYARDS PER COMMUNITY
CENTER POINTS OF EXISTING COMMUNITIES AS INFORMED BY EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURES
OVERLAY OF NEW CENTRALIZED COMMUNITIES WITHIN SLUM
THE COURTYARD PROVIDES OPPORTUNITIES TO BRING MUCH NEEDED VEGETATION INTO THE
MANGO TREES WILL PROVIDE FRUIT TO RESIDENTS, AND SMALL BAMBOO CROPS SLUM.
ROADWAY
WILL MATURE IN 12 YEARS AND CAN BE USED FOR REPAIRS TO THE STRUCTURE
ROADWAY ROADWAY
AY DW
ROA SITE PLAN AT STANDARD UNIT MANGOS
BAMBOO
THESE STUDY MODELS EXPLORE VARIOUS WAYS THAT INDICATE WATER
COLLECTION VISUALLY TO THE USER, WHILE MAINTAINING FUNCTIONALITY AS A SHELTER. THE PITCHER PLANT (FAR RIGHT) IS A CARNIVEROUS SPECIES (THIS ONE’S FROM THE PHILLIPINES) WHICH HOLDS A TYPE OF SAP IN ITS “PITCHER” WHICH ATTRACTS INSECTS/RODENTS AND CAPTURES THEM INSIDE. IT’S FORM WAS
INSPIRATIONAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY CONCEPTS.
DUE TO INADEQUATE
INFRASTRUCTURE AND LIMITED SPACE CURRENT RESIDENTS OF THE KORAIL SLUM SHARE MUCH OF THEIR RESOURCES.
RESIDENTS ARE OFTEN LIVING WITHIN
CLOSE PROXIMITY TO GOOD FRIENDS
AND FAMILY. THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN WILL REINFORCE THE IMPORTANCE OF SHARED RESOURCES WITHIN THE COMMUNITY. THE MUD STOVES SHOWN WILL USE THE BIO-GAS PRODUCED ON SITE FOR COOKING.
FLOODING IS A COMMON
ISSUE IN THE SLUM. THE GROUND
FLOOR WILL BE RAISED ABOVE
GRADE 2-4 FEET. THE EXISTING PRIMARY CORRIDORS
WILL BE WIDENED TO ALLOW LIGHT VEHICULAR TRAFFIC INCREASING
COMMERCE, AND IMPROVING EMERGENCY RESPONSE. GROUND LEVEL UNITS WILL PRIMARILY BE RESERVED FOR
BUSINESS RENTALS AND HANDICAPPED RESIDENTS
BUILDING SECTION
THE
STRUCTURE IS PRIMARILY BAMBOO WITH TIED CONNECTIONS. THE CONSTRUCTION CAN BE DONE WITH
SIMPLE HAND TOOLS
EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR WALLS WILL BE CLAD IN PLASTER FOR PRIVACY (LACK OF PRIVACY ONE OF THE TOP COMPLAINTS BY CURRENT RESIDENTS)
EXTERIOR CORRIDOR STAIR
STAIR
COLLECTOR TUBE (TYP.) PUBLIC TOILETS (8/FLOOR)
DWELLINGS/BUSINESSES (TYP.)
STAIR
STAIR
EXTERIOR CORRIDOR STAIR
STAIR
COLLECTOR TUBE (TYP.) PUBLIC TOILETS (8/FLOOR)
DWELLINGS (TYP.)
COMMUNITY KITCHEN STAIR
STAIR
EXTERIOR CORRIDOR STAIR
STAIR
COLLECTOR TUBE (TYP.) PUBLIC TOILETS (8/FLOOR)
DWELLINGS (TYP.)
STAIR
STAIR
LP
HP
LP
TYP. PATTERN
HP
LP
HP
UNDULATING ROOF DIRECTS WATER TO A COLLECTION TUBE FOR
AN
EACH STORAGE TANK
BUILDING SECTION 124’-0” THIRD FLOOR
112’-0” SECOND FLOOR
100’-0” GROUND FLOOR
SECTION DETAIL ‘A’ NATURAL SHAKE, THATCH, OR CANOPY ROOFING
ROOF FLASHING AT MOUTH OF DRAIN TUBE WOVEN BAMBOO STRIP DOOR
BAMBOO RAILING PLASTIC DRAIN PIPE DRAIN SUPPORT FRAMING WATER TANK / BLADDER BAMBOO FRAMING (TYP.)
PLASTER CHICKEN WIRE MESH
PLAN DETAIL
BAMBOO STRIPS WOVEN AT APPROX 6” O.C. VERT. AND HORIZ. BUNDLE OF (4) 6” DIA. BAMBOO CULMS FOR COL-
CONNECTIONS ARE HAND TIED FOR SIMPLICITY AND ECONOMY BUNDLE OF (4) 6” DIA. BAMBOO CULMS FOR COL-
‘A’
ANAEROBIC DIGESTER TAKES WASTE FROM THE PUBLIC LATRINES AND TURNS IT INTO ENERGY TO BE USED FOR COOKING IN THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN
RVESTING RAIN WATER HA
THE
LATRINES
LATRINES
WATER ACCESS
FDN. PLAN
GAS STOVE
THE ROOF STRUCTURE
DIRECTS WATER INTO STORAGE BLADDERS
LATRINES SOLID WASTE STORAGE
PORTABLE WATER STORAGE/BLADDER IN BETWEEN CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS
ANAEROBIC DIGESTER
RAIN WATER STORAGE BLADDER
ROOF FRAMING