Kevin Kirk Graduate Studio

RESOURCE GENERATOR FOR THE KORAIL SLUM IN DHAKA BANGLADESH KEVIN KIRK ADVANCED DESIGN STUDIO LAWRENCE TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY BY

2012

BANGLADESH DHAKA

148,692,000 POPULATION 15,700,000 EXPECTED GROW 20,000,000 2050 60% DHAKA’S LIVE IN SLUMS KORAIL DHAKA’S LARGEST SLUM HAS A POPULATION OF OVER 120,000 LAND AREA 0.92 SQUARE MILES & INCOME IN KORAIL TK 5,278 ($70.87 US) HAS A

IT’S CAPITOL CITY AND IS of

POPULATION OF

HAS A

TO

OF

TO

BY

POPULATION

IS

IT’S

AND

IS APPROXIMATELY

THE AVG. MONTHLY

IS

KORAIL

BANGLADESH

DHAKA BURMA

INDIA BANGLADESH DHAKA

KORAIL

MID-HIGH RISE

SIT

BUSINESS DISTRICT

E SE

CTI

ON

KORAIL SLUM

MID-HIGH RISE

KORAIL SLUM

BANANI LAKE

BUSINESS DIST.

GULSHAN LAKE

CLEAN WATER IS PIPED INTO THE SLUM THROUGH ILLEGALLY TAPPED LINES FROM THE DEVELOPED AREAS

THE GROUNDWATER IN THE SLUM IS

THERE IS VERY LITTLE INFRASTRUCTURE

OFTEN CONTAMINATED

AVAILABLE FOR THE PROVISION OF CLEAN FRESH

ARE RELATED TO WATER BORNE ILLNESSES wateraid.org

MANY RESIDENTS COLLECT THEIR

24% OF ALL DEATHS IN BANGLADESH

WATER IN THE SLUM

DRINKING WATER

FROM PUBLIC TAPS LOCATED SOME DISTANCE FROM THEIR HOMES

DHAKA, BANGLADESH RECEIVES ON AVERAGE 73.8 INCHES OF RAIN ANNUALLY. THIS MEANS THAT EVERY SQUARE FOOT OF LAND (OR ROOF) AREA CAN COLLECT UP TO 45.8 GALLONS OF WATER EVERY YEAR.

OVER 1 MILLION SQUARE FOOT OF ROOF (COLLECTING WATER) WOULD BE REQUIRED TO PROVIDE EVERY PERSON IN THE SLUM WITH ONE GALLON OF WATER PER DAY. GEORGIA COLLEGE http://hercules.gcsu.edu/

THERE ARE PUBLIC TOILETS WITHIN THE SLUM, HOWEVER

OVERCROWDING AND PROXIMITY FORCE SOME TO USE HANGING LATRINES (SHOWN ABOVE), WHICH PUT HUMAN WASTE DIRECTLY INTO THE LAKE WATER WHERE SOME RESIDENTS CLEAN THEIR CLOTHING AN BATHE.

MANY SLUMS AROUND THE WORLD ARE USING HUMAN, ANIMAL, AND FOOD

WASTE TO PROVIDE ENERGY USING BIO-GAS DIGESTERS. THESE DIGESTERS PROVIDE METHANE GAS FOR COOKING, LIGHT, HEAT, AND ELECTRICITY. THE RESULTING SLURRY CAN ALSO BE USED AS FERTILIZER. METHANE PROVIDES A CLEANER BURNING FUEL OVER WOOD AND GARBAGE

THE

EXISTING CONDITIONS WITHIN THE KORAIL SLUM PRESENT MANY

CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR CONCEPTION SYSTEM THE

ADEQUATE

OF A

THAT WILL PROVIDE BOTH

SHELTER AND THE NECESSARY TOOLS FOR THE COLLECTION AND GENERATION OF RESOURCES THE KEY DESIGN ISSUES WILL BE ON

THE

HARVESTING OF

RAINWATER & THE

PRODUCTION OF

SANITARY METHANE GAS

THE

PROVISION OF

FACILITIES

SYSTEM WILL BE ACTIVATED AS AN EDUCATIONAL FACILITY. ADULT LITERACY IN THE KORAIL SLUM IS ONLY 36% AND MANY CHILDREN WORK AS OPPOSED TO GOING TO SCHOOL. THE SYSTEM AS A SCHOOL WILL ACT AS A MECHANISM TO DUPLICATE ITSELF THROUGH VOCATIONAL TRAINING FOCUSED ON CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES FOR THIS SYSTEM AND ACQUIRING ALL THE COMPONENTS NECESSARY. THE

N EXISTING ROADWAYS AND FOOT PATHS

NEW BUILDING FOOTPRINTS WITH CENTRALIZED

COURTYARDS PER COMMUNITY

CENTER POINTS OF EXISTING COMMUNITIES AS INFORMED BY EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURES

OVERLAY OF NEW CENTRALIZED COMMUNITIES WITHIN SLUM

THE COURTYARD PROVIDES OPPORTUNITIES TO BRING MUCH NEEDED VEGETATION INTO THE

MANGO TREES WILL PROVIDE FRUIT TO RESIDENTS, AND SMALL BAMBOO CROPS SLUM.

ROADWAY

WILL MATURE IN 12 YEARS AND CAN BE USED FOR REPAIRS TO THE STRUCTURE

ROADWAY ROADWAY

AY DW

ROA SITE PLAN AT STANDARD UNIT MANGOS

BAMBOO

THESE STUDY MODELS EXPLORE VARIOUS WAYS THAT INDICATE WATER

COLLECTION VISUALLY TO THE USER, WHILE MAINTAINING FUNCTIONALITY AS A SHELTER. THE PITCHER PLANT (FAR RIGHT) IS A CARNIVEROUS SPECIES (THIS ONE’S FROM THE PHILLIPINES) WHICH HOLDS A TYPE OF SAP IN ITS “PITCHER” WHICH ATTRACTS INSECTS/RODENTS AND CAPTURES THEM INSIDE. IT’S FORM WAS

INSPIRATIONAL IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY CONCEPTS.

DUE TO INADEQUATE

INFRASTRUCTURE AND LIMITED SPACE CURRENT RESIDENTS OF THE KORAIL SLUM SHARE MUCH OF THEIR RESOURCES.

RESIDENTS ARE OFTEN LIVING WITHIN

CLOSE PROXIMITY TO GOOD FRIENDS

AND FAMILY. THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN WILL REINFORCE THE IMPORTANCE OF SHARED RESOURCES WITHIN THE COMMUNITY. THE MUD STOVES SHOWN WILL USE THE BIO-GAS PRODUCED ON SITE FOR COOKING.

FLOODING IS A COMMON

ISSUE IN THE SLUM. THE GROUND

FLOOR WILL BE RAISED ABOVE

GRADE 2-4 FEET. THE EXISTING PRIMARY CORRIDORS

WILL BE WIDENED TO ALLOW LIGHT VEHICULAR TRAFFIC INCREASING

COMMERCE, AND IMPROVING EMERGENCY RESPONSE. GROUND LEVEL UNITS WILL PRIMARILY BE RESERVED FOR

BUSINESS RENTALS AND HANDICAPPED RESIDENTS

BUILDING SECTION

THE

STRUCTURE IS PRIMARILY BAMBOO WITH TIED CONNECTIONS. THE CONSTRUCTION CAN BE DONE WITH

SIMPLE HAND TOOLS

EXTERIOR AND INTERIOR WALLS WILL BE CLAD IN PLASTER FOR PRIVACY (LACK OF PRIVACY ONE OF THE TOP COMPLAINTS BY CURRENT RESIDENTS)

EXTERIOR CORRIDOR STAIR

STAIR

COLLECTOR TUBE (TYP.) PUBLIC TOILETS (8/FLOOR)

DWELLINGS/BUSINESSES (TYP.)

STAIR

STAIR

EXTERIOR CORRIDOR STAIR

STAIR

COLLECTOR TUBE (TYP.) PUBLIC TOILETS (8/FLOOR)

DWELLINGS (TYP.)

COMMUNITY KITCHEN STAIR

STAIR

EXTERIOR CORRIDOR STAIR

STAIR

COLLECTOR TUBE (TYP.) PUBLIC TOILETS (8/FLOOR)

DWELLINGS (TYP.)

STAIR

STAIR

LP

HP

LP

TYP. PATTERN

HP

LP

HP

UNDULATING ROOF DIRECTS WATER TO A COLLECTION TUBE FOR

AN

EACH STORAGE TANK

BUILDING SECTION 124’-0” THIRD FLOOR

112’-0” SECOND FLOOR

100’-0” GROUND FLOOR

SECTION DETAIL ‘A’ NATURAL SHAKE, THATCH, OR CANOPY ROOFING

ROOF FLASHING AT MOUTH OF DRAIN TUBE WOVEN BAMBOO STRIP DOOR

BAMBOO RAILING PLASTIC DRAIN PIPE DRAIN SUPPORT FRAMING WATER TANK / BLADDER BAMBOO FRAMING (TYP.)

PLASTER CHICKEN WIRE MESH

PLAN DETAIL

BAMBOO STRIPS WOVEN AT APPROX 6” O.C. VERT. AND HORIZ. BUNDLE OF (4) 6” DIA. BAMBOO CULMS FOR COL-

CONNECTIONS ARE HAND TIED FOR SIMPLICITY AND ECONOMY BUNDLE OF (4) 6” DIA. BAMBOO CULMS FOR COL-

‘A’

ANAEROBIC DIGESTER TAKES WASTE FROM THE PUBLIC LATRINES AND TURNS IT INTO ENERGY TO BE USED FOR COOKING IN THE COMMUNITY KITCHEN

RVESTING RAIN WATER HA

THE

LATRINES

LATRINES

WATER ACCESS

FDN. PLAN

GAS STOVE

THE ROOF STRUCTURE

DIRECTS WATER INTO STORAGE BLADDERS

LATRINES SOLID WASTE STORAGE

PORTABLE WATER STORAGE/BLADDER IN BETWEEN CONCRETE FOUNDATIONS

ANAEROBIC DIGESTER

RAIN WATER STORAGE BLADDER

ROOF FRAMING