Economicbulletin04 en 0428

ISSN 2287-7266

ECONOMIC BULLETIN (Republic of Korea)

Republic of Korea

Vol.37 No.4 april 2015

conomic u l l e t i n

Vol.37 No.4 April 2015

The Green Book: Current Economic Trends Policy Issues PPP Boosting Measures Announced to Effectively Utilize Private Capital Government to Promote Bio-technology as a Future Growth Engine

Featured Issue Playing a Crucial Role in Regional Economic Integration through FTAs (Interview with Kim Hak-Do, Director General for FTA Negotiations at the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy)

Economic News Briefing Results of 2015 IDB-IIC Annual Meeting Korea to Join AIIB Korea Signs FTA with New Zealand Korea Grows 3.3% in 2014

ECONOMIC BULLETIN

(Republic of Korea)

Statistical Appendices

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april 2015

Sejong, 339-012 Republic of Korea Tel. +82 2 731 1530 Fax. +82 2 731 1540 E-mail. fppr@mosf.go.kr Website. http://english.mosf.go.kr Economic Information and Education Center Korea Development Institute 263 Namsejong-ro Sejong, 339-007 Republic of Korea Fax. +82 44 550 4941 E-mail. jiyounlee@kdi.re.kr Website. http://eiec.kdi.re.kr

MOSF / KDI

Tel. +82 44 550 4645

02 The Green Book: Current Economic Trends Overview

03

01. External economic situation

04

02. Private consumption

08

03. Facility investment

10

04. Construction investment

13

05. Exports and imports

15

06. Mining and manufacturing production

17

07. Service sector activity

19

08. Employment

21

09. Financial markets

25

9.1 Stock market

25

9.2 Exchange rate

25

9.3 Bond market

26

9.4 Money supply & money market

27

10. Balance of payments

28

11. Prices

30

11.1 Consumer prices

30

11.2 International oil and commodity prices

32

12. Real estate market 12.1 Housing market

35

12.2 Land market

37

13. Composite indices of business cycle indicators

contents Editor in Chief Kim Joo-Hoon (KDI) An Il-Whan (MOSF) Editorial Board Park Joon-Kyu (MOSF) Lee Yong-Soo (KDI) Lee Jae-Yeal (KDI) Coordinators Kim Dae-Hyun (MOSF) Lee Ji-Youn (KDI) Editors Jeon Aram (MOSF) Kim Hanul (MOSF)

35

39

Vol.37 No.4 / april 2015

41 Policy Issues PPP Boosting Measures Announced to Effectively Utilize Private Capital Government to Promote Bio-technology as a Future Growth Engine

46 Featured Issue Playing a Crucial Role in Regional Economic Integration through FTAs (Interview with Kim Hak-Do, Director General for FTA Negotiations at the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy)

49 Economic News Briefing Results of 2015 IDB-IIC Annual Meeting Korea to Join AIIB Korea to Provide US $1 Billion to Latin America for Development Government to Move Up 3 Trillion Won of Spending to First Half Guidelines for FY 2016 Budget and Public Funds Management Korea Signs FTA with New Zealand Korea Grows 3.3% in 2014

53 Statistical Appendices

02

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Overview

01. External economic situation

02. Private consumption 03. Facility investment 04. Construction investment 05. Exports and imports 06. Mining and manufacturing production 07. Service sector activity 08. Employment 09. Financial markets 10. Balance of payments 11. Prices 12. Real estate market 13. Composite indices of business cycle indicators

The Green Book: Current Economic Trends

03

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

OVERVIEW Although inflation remains low, employment continues to grow and major indicators rebounded from temporary setbacks in the previous month when industrial production slowed down due to the Lunar New Year holiday.

The economy continued to add jobs in February compared with a year ago despite a high base (835,000 jobs added in February 2014). Permanent jobs led the increase and a total of 376,000 jobs were added year-on-year compared with 347,000 jobs a month ago.

Consumer price inflation remained low in March, rising 0.4 percent year-on-year, due to low international oil prices and a stable supply of agricultural products, while core inflation, which excludes oil and agricultural products and is more related to demand, rose 2.1 percent, staying in the two percent range.

Mining and manufacturing production rose 3.6 percent month-on-month in February, led by strong automobile and semiconductor production, picking up from a 3.8 percent fall in the previous month.

Service output rebounded month-on-month in February from a 0.6 percent fall to a 1.6 percent increase and retail sales recovered from a 2.8 percent drop to a 2.8 percent rise, amid an improvement in housing and stock markets and thanks to the Lunar New Year holiday.

Facility investment in February recovered from a 7.4 percent drop in the previous month to a 3.6 percent increase, backed by transportation equipment investment which quickly bounced back.

Construction completed remained strong, growing 4.5 percent, as both building construction and civil engineering works continued to improve.

The composite index of coincident indicators improved for the third consecutive month in February, rising 0.3 points, and the composite index of leading indicators increased 0.6 points.

Exports continued to decrease year-on-year in March, falling 4.2 percent, as low oil prices pushed down oil and petrochemical product prices. The trade balance posted a surplus of US $8.39 billion.

In March, market interest rates fell and the KOSPI went up, due to the BOK’s policy rate cut and increased foreign capital inflows amid the ECB’s quantitative easing. The Korean won slightly depreciated against the US dollar and the Japanese yen compared to the previous month.

Both housing prices and Jeonse (lump-sum deposits with no monthly payments) prices continued to increase in February, rising 0.3 percent and 0.5 percent, respectively, while housing sales surged y e a r- o n - y e a r b y 2 4 . 4 p e r c e n t t o 11 2 , 0 0 0 transactions.

Although real economic indicators have been volatile and external uncertainties, including the likelihood of the US Fed’s rate hike, linger, the economy is likely to be positively influenced by low oil prices, housing and stock market recoveries and the Iran nuclear deal.

The Korean government will continue to closely monitor internal and external economic trends, and at the same time will further improve the Korean economy’s resilience against external shocks.

The government will continue to implement the Three-year Plan for Economic Innovation and 2015’s economic policies in order to revitalize the economy and pursue structural reform.

04

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

1. External economic situation The US economy slightly faltered recently due to a spell of extremely cold weather and a strengthening dollar, while the eurozone economy continued to improve thanks to the ECB implementing its quantitative easing program and a weakening euro.

World GDP growth 7.0

(%)

6.0 5.0 4.0 3.0 2.0 1.0 0.0 2004

2005

2006

2007

2008

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

US The US economy, which had led the global economic recovery, faltered somewhat as an appreciating dollar and a recent spell of extremely cold weather caused a slow-down in industrial production.

Industrial production increased slightly by 0.1 percent month-on-month in February and the ISM Manufacturing Index fell for the fifth straight month to 51.5 in March.

ISM Manufacturing Index (base=50) 56.4 (Jul 2014) → 58.1 (Aug) → 56.1 (Sep) → 57.9 (Oct) → 57.6 (Nov) → 55.1 (Dec) → 53.5 (Jan 2015) → 52.9 (Feb) → 51.5 (Mar)

Retail sales continued to decline for the third consecutive month, dropping by 0.6 percent month-on-month.

The consumer sentiment index fell 2.4 percent month-on-month while consumer confidence increased by a small margin.

University of Michigan Consumer Sentiment Index (1966=100) 81.8 (Jul 2014) → 82.5 (Aug) → 84.6 (Sep) → 86.9 (Oct) → 88.8 (Nov) → 93.6 (Dec) → 98.1 (Jan 2015) → 95.4 (Feb) → 93.0 (Mar) Conference Board Consumer Confidence Index (1985=100) 90.3 (Jul 2014) → 93.4 (Aug) → 89.0 (Sep) → 94.1 (Oct) → 91.0 (Nov) → 93.1 (Dec) → 103.8 (Jan 2015) → 98.8 (Feb) → 101.3 (Mar)

05

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

US GDP growth and industrial production 10

Sources: US Department of Commerce, Federal Reserve Board

(%)

8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

GDP (q-o-q, annualized rate)

2014.Q1

Industrial production (q-o-q)

The housing market has been gradually recovering as home prices continued to rise and sales of new and existing homes increased by 7.8 percent and 1.2 percent, respectively, in February.

Case-Shiller Home Price Index (y-o-y, %) 8.1 (Jun 2014) → 6.8 (Jul) → 5.6 (Aug) → 4.8 (Sep) → 4.4 (Oct) → 4.3 (Nov) → 4.4 (Dec) → 4.6 (Jan 2015) New home sales (m-o-m, %) 2.5 (Apr 2014) → 10.9 (May) → -10.7 (Jun) → -2.4 (Jul) → 12.3 (Aug) → 1.8 (Sep) → 2.9 (Oct) → -4.5 (Nov) → 6.9 (Dec) → 4.4 (Jan 2015) → 7.8 (Feb)

In March, nonfarm payroll employment increased by 126,000, which was the smallest increase since December 2013, and fell considerably short of expectations of 245,000 new jobs. The unemployment rate remained unchanged from the previous month at 5.5 percent.

Nonfarm payroll increase (m-o-m, thousands) 213 (Aug 2014) → 250 (Sep) → 221 (Oct) → 423 (Nov) → 329 (Dec) → 257 (Jan 2015) → 295 (Feb) → 126 (Mar)

US nonfarm payroll growth and unemployment rate Source: US Department of Labor 800

(%)

(thousands)

600

12 10

400 8

200 0

6

-200 4

-400 -600

2

-800 0

-1,000 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

US nonfarm payroll growth (m-o-m, left)

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Unemployment rate (right)

06

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

(Percentage change from previous period)

Real GDP1 - Personal consumption expenditure - Nonresidential fixed investment - Residential fixed investment Industrial production Retail sales Existing home sales Unemployment rate² Consumer prices (y-o-y)

2012 2013 Annual Annual Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Annual Q1 2.3 2.2 2.7 1.8 4.5 3.5 2.4 -2.1 1.8 2.4 3.6 1.8 2.0 3.7 2.5 1.2 7.2 3.0 1.5 1.6 5.5 10.4 6.3 1.6 13.5 11.9 7.8 19.0 11.2 -8.5 2.5 -5.3 3.8 2.9 1.0 0.5 0.6 1.2 4.2 1.0 5.1 4.2 1.5 0.3 1.0 0.9 4.0 0.4 8.9 8.9 0.7 3.5 4.4 -7.1 -3.0 -5.1 8.1 7.4 7.7 7.5 7.2 7.0 6.2 6.6 2.1 1.5 1.7 1.4 1.5 1.2 1.6 1.4

2014 Q2 Q3 4.6 5.0 2.5 3.2 9.7 8.9 8.8 3.2 1.4 1.0 2.1 1.1 4.5 3.5 6.2 6.1 2.1 1.8

2015 Q4 Dec Jan Feb 2.2 4.4 4.7 3.8 1.1 -0.2 -0.3 0.1 0.5 -0.9 -0.8 -0.6 0.1 2.4 -4.9 1.2 5.7 5.6 5.7 5.5 1.2 0.8 -0.1 0.0

1. Annualized rate (%) 2. Seasonally adjusted Sources: US Department of Commerce, Bloomberg

China The Chinese economy saw major economic indicators, including industrial production and fixed asset investment, drop in January and February, however the manufacturing sector showed signs of recovery as exports increased considerably.

On March 30, the Chinese government announced measures to stimulate the real estate market. The People’s Bank of China slashed down payment for second home purchases from 60 percent to 40 percent.

Manufacturing PMI (base=50) 51.7 (Jul 2014) → 51.1 (Aug) → 51.1 (Sep) → 50.8 (Oct) → 50.3 (Nov) → 50.1 (Dec) → 49.8 (Jan 2015) → 49.9 (Feb) → 51.1 (Mar) (Percentage change from same period in previous year)

Real GDP Industrial production Fixed asset investment (accumulated) Retail sales Exports Consumer prices1 Producer prices1

2012 2013 Annual Annual Q4 7.7 7.7 7.7 10.0 9.7 10.0 20.6 19.6 19.6 14.3 13.1 13.5 8.3 8.6 7.5 2.6 2.6 2.9 -1.7 -1.9 -1.4

Q1 7.4 8.7 17.6 12.0 -3.5 2.3 -2.0

Q2 7.5 8.9 17.3 12.3 5.0 2.2 -1.5

2014 Q3 7.3 8.0 16.1 11.9 13.0 2.0 -1.3

Q4 7.3 7.6 15.7 11.7 8.6 1.5 -2.7

Dec 7.9 15.7 12.0 9.7 1.5 -3.3

2015 Jan Feb2 6.8 13.9 10.7 -3.3 48.3 0.8 1.4 -4.3 -4.8

1. Quarterly change: average of monthly change 2. Jan-Feb accumulated Source: China National Bureau of Statistics

China’s GDP growth and fixed asset investment 18

Source: China National Bureau of Statistics

(%)

(%)

70

16

60

14

50

12

40

10

30

8

20

6

10

4

0

2004.Q1

2005.Q1

GDP (y-o-y, left)

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

2014.Q1

Fixed asset investment (accumulated, y-o-y, right)

07

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Japan The Japanese economy has yet to recover as export growth slowed and industrial production decreased considerably in February, despite slightly improved retail sales.

Inflation continued to slow down in February with consumer prices increasing 2.2 percent (2.0 percent excluding fresh foods).

(Percentage change from previous period)

2012 2013 Annual Annual Q4

2014 Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Nov

Dec

2015 Jan Feb

Real GDP

1.8

1.6

-0.3

1.3

-1.6

-0.7

0.4

-

-

-

-

Industrial production

0.2

-0.6

1.8

3.0

-3.8

-1.9

1.7

-0.5

0.8

3.7

-3.4

Retail sales

1.5

1.2

1.4

3.9

-7.0

3.5

0.8

-0.2

0.0

-1.9

0.7

Exports (y-o-y)

-2.6

9.7

17.4

6.6

0.1

3.2

9.2

4.9

12.8

17.0

2.4

Consumer prices (y-o-y)

-0.0

0.4

1.4

1.5

3.6

3.3

2.6

2.4

2.4

2.4

2.2

Sources: Japan's Cabinet Office, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry, Ministry of Finance, Statistics Bureau of Japan

Japan’s GDP growth and industrial production

Source: Japan's Cabinet Office, Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry

6

25 (%)

(%)

4

20 15 10

2

5 0

0

-5 -2

-10 -15

-4

-20 -6

-25

2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

GDP (q-o-q, left)

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

2014.Q1

Industrial production (q-o-q, right)

Eurozone The eurozone economy showed signs of recovery as the economy continued to grow and economic indicators improved due to a weakening euro caused by quantitative easing by the ECB and reduced risk from Greece.

Manufacturing PMI (base=50) 51.8 (Jul 2014) → 50.7 (Aug) → 50.3 (Sep) → 50.6 (Oct) → 50.1 (Nov) → 50.6 (Dec) → 51.0 (Jan 2015) → 51.0 (Feb) → 52.2 (Mar)

08

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

(Percentage change from previous period)

2012 Annual Annual Q1

2013 Q2

Q3

Q4 Annual Q1

2014 Q2 Q3

Q4

Dec

Jan

2015 Feb Mar

Real GDP

-0.7

-0.4

-0.4

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.9

0.3

0.1

0.2

0.3

-

-

-

-

Industrial production

-2.5

-0.7

0.3

0.6

0.0

0.6

0.7

0.2

0.1

-0.4

0.4

0.3

-0.1

-

-

Retail sales

-1.7

-0.9

0.1

0.1

0.5

-0.3

1.3

0.6

0.5

0.2

0.7

0.4

1.1

-

-

Exports (y-o-y)

7.6

1.0

1.0

1.7

0.2

1.0

2.2

1.0

0.6

2.9

4.4

8.3

-0.4

-

-

Consumer prices (y-o-y)

2.5

1.4

1.9

1.4

1.3

0.8

0.4

0.7

0.6

0.4

0.2

-0.2

-0.6

-0.3

-0.1

Sources: Eurostat, Bloomberg

Eurozone’s GDP growth and industrial production 3

Source: Eurostat

(%)

(%)

10 8

2

6 4

1

2 0

0

-2 -1

-4 -6

-2

-8 -10

-3 2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

GDP (q-o-q, left)

2013.Q1

2014.Q1

Industrial production (q-o-q, right)

2. Private consumption Private consumption in the fourth quarter of 2014 rose 0.5 percent (advanced estimates of GDP) compared to the previous quarter and 1.4 percent compared to a year ago.

(Percentage change from previous period)

Private consumption² (y-o-y)

Annual

2012 Q3

Q4

Annual

Q1

2013 Q2

Q3

Q4

Annual1

Q1

2014 Q2

Q3

Q41

1.9

1.2

0.3

1.9

-0.1

0.5

1.1

0.6

1.8

0.4

-0.4

0.8

0.5

-

2.6

2.7

-

1.6

1.9

1.9

2.2

-

2.6

1.7

1.5

1.4

1. Preliminary 2. National accounts Source: The Bank of Korea

Retail sales in February rose 2.8 percent compared to the previous month and 5.5 percent compared to a year ago as sales of both semi-durable goods (up 3.9%), such as clothing, and nondurable goods (up 4.2%), such as food and tobacco, increased.

09

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Private consumption 12

Source: The Bank of Korea (national accounts)

(%)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6

2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

Private consumption (q-o-q)

Retail sales

2014.Q1

Private consumption (y-o-y)

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

20 (%) 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

Retail sales (m-o-m)

2015.1

Retail sales (y-o-y)

(Percentage change from previous period)

2012 2013 Annual Annual Q3

Q4

Annual

Q1

Q2

2014 Q3

Q4

Dec

2015 Jan¹ Feb¹

0.8

0.4

-

0.2

-0.2

1.3

0.4

1.5

-2.8

Retail sales

-

-

(y-o-y)

2.5

0.7

0.5

1.1

1.7

2.4

0.8

1.5

1.9

4.6

-2.9

5.5

- Durable goods²

5.4

0.3

-0.3

0.2

5.1

3.8

-0.2

1.8

1.3

3.2

0.3

-0.2

· Automobiles

2.8

2.4

2.1

2.1

-2.1

16.6

9.8

5.3

1.2

6.3

2.0

-1.3

0.8

- Semi-durable goods³

-0.3

2.1

0.7

-0.4

-0.6

-1.4

-1.1

4.8

-1.7

2.5

-7.4

3.9

- Nondurable goods4

2.2

0.4

1.5

0.8

0.8

-0.9

0.2

-0.7

1.0

0.1

-2.6

4.2

1. Preliminary 2. Durable goods: Automobiles, electronic appliances, furniture, telecommunications devices, etc.

3. Semi-durable goods: Clothing, footwear, etc. 4. Nondurable goods: Food, medicine, cosmetics, fuel, tobacco, etc.

Source: Statistics Korea

10

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Retail sales by type 50

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

(y-o-y, %)

40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

Durable goods

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Nondurable goods

Semi-durable goods

Retail sales in March showed mixed signs with sales at department stores and large discount stores falling year-on-year while online shopping and automobile sales improved.

Sales at department stores and large discount stores declined after showing improvement in the previous month, while online shopping and automobile sales increased year-on-year.

Cellphone service transfer sales increased only slightly month-on-month due to consumers waiting for new phone models to come out on the market.

Cellphone service transfer sales (thousands, Korea Telecommunications Operators Association) 523 (Aug 2014) → 626 (Sep) → 375 (Oct) → 550 (Nov) → 687 (Dec) → 757 (Jan 2015) → 580 (Feb) → 617 (Mar) (y-o-y, %)

Credit card use Department store sales Large discount store sales Domestic sales of gasoline Domestic sales of cars Online shopping sales

Aug 8.6 10.5 3.2 -5.4 -4.8 10.0

Sep 5.3 -6.3 -10.1 7.0 10.4 6.1

2014 Oct 7.5 -2.2 -0.9 1.4 2.1 9.6

Nov 5.3 -6.5 -4.7 -1.0 7.0 6.7

Dec 8.7 -0.9 -3.8 -0.4 27.2 12.6

Jan 3.1 -11.0 -18.3 7.3 3.9 12.9

2015 Feb 10.0 6.6 24.5 12.1 -3.8 0.0

Mar 5.7 -5.4 -7.4 4.2 5.5 11.1

Sources: Credit Finance Association of Korea, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Korea National Oil Corporation, Korea Automobile Manufacturers Association, Ministry of Strategy and Finance (for March data)

3. Facility investment Facility investment (preliminary GDP) rose 4.0 percent quarter-on-quarter and 4.2 percent year-on-year in the fourth quarter of 2014.

11

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Facility investment 40

Source: The Bank of Korea (national accounts)

(%)

30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

Facility investment (q-o-q)

2014.Q1

Facility investment (y-o-y)

(Percentage change from previous quarter)

2012 Annual

2013 Q3

Annual¹

Facility investment²

0.1

-0.8

(y-o-y)

-

-

- Machinery

0.3

-2.3

6.3

- Transportation equipment

-0.4

3.1

-3.5

2014 Q2

Q4

Annual¹

Q1

Q3

Q4

3.5

4.2

5.8

-1.4

1.3

0.2

4.0

2.3

11.6

-

7.2

7.7

4.2

4.2

2.3

5.0

-3.4

0.4

2.0

5.6

9.1

7.7

3.7

3.6

-3.8

0.4

1. Preliminary 2. National accounts Source: The Bank of Korea

The facility investment index in February increased 3.6 percent due to a substantial increase in transportation equipment investment, amid falling machinery investment. The index rose 3.6 percent year-on-year.

Facility investment by type Source: The Bank of Korea (national accounts) 50

(y-o-y, %)

40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 2004.Q1

2005.Q1

Transportation equipment

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

2014.Q1

Machinery

12

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

(Percentage change from previous quarter)

2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual Facility investment index

Q1

Q2

2014 Q3

Q4¹

Nov

Dec1

2015 Jan1 Feb1

-2.8

-0.8

5.2

-4.0

1.7

-0.9

8.6

11.4

2.1

-7.4

-

-

-

7.5

6.7

1.5

5.4

10.4

15.2

14.1

3.6

- Machinery

-2.7

-2.1

3.9

-6.1

0.9

-0.8

11.7

10.6

-1.4

-2.4

-1.7

- Transportation equipment

-3.0

2.8

8.8

1.6

3.6

-1.4

1.5

13.9

11.6

-19.8

19.2

(y-o-y)

3.6

1. Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

Facility investment is projected to rise, taking into account a modest recovery in business sentiment. However, the index may be negatively affected by a fall in facility investment adjustment pressure.

Business survey index for manufacturing sector (Bank of Korea) 78 (Jul 2014) → 75 (Aug) → 74 (Sep) → 78 (Oct) → 74 (Nov) → 75 (Dec) → 77 (Jan 2015) → 73 (Feb) → 82 (Mar) → 80 (Apr)

Leading indicators of facility investment Sources: Statistics Korea (machinery orders), Korea International Trade Association (machinery imports) 10

(trillion won)

70 60

(y-o-y, %)

9

50

8

40 30

7

20

6

10 0

5

-10

4

-20 -30

3

-40

2

-50

2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

Machinery orders (left)

2014.Q1

Machinery imports (right)

(Percentage change from same period in previous year)

2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual

Q2

2014 Q3

Q1

Q4

Nov

Dec1

Jan¹

Feb1

-13.9

6.6

14.8

18.5

4.0

49.4

-6.3

10.0

3.2

33.1

1.4

-

-

-

-2.0

-11.3

45.2

-26.0

16.2

-24.2

32.1

-17.2

-Public

-11.0

20.5

94.2

184.6

-45.0

418.5

-27.6

162.6

12.5

32.0

9.5

-Private

-14.2

5.1

4.8

4.7

9.1

7.7

-2.0

-2.9

2.5

33.2

0.8

Machinery imports

-3.0

1.1

5.8

2.5

11.9

1.7

7.0

18.8

18.5

14.0

3.1

Average manufacturing operation ratio

78.6

76.5

76.1

77.1

76.1

76.0

75.1

74.6

76.6

74.1

75.5

Facility investment adjustment pressure²

-0.7

-0.9

-1.5

-0.7

-1.1

-0.5

-3.5

-5.1

-0.3

0.3

-6.1

Domestic machinery orders (q-o-q, m-o-m)

2015

1. Preliminary 2. Production growth rate minus production capacity growth rate in the manufacturing sector (%p) Sources: Statistics Korea, Korea International Trade Association

13

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

4. Construction investment Construction investment (preliminary GDP) in the fourth quarter of 2014 fell 7.8 percent quarter-on-quarter and 1.5 percent year-on-year.

(Percentage change from previous quarter)

2012 Annual Annual¹

2013 Q3

Q4

Annual¹

Q1

2014 Q2

Q3

Q4

-3.9

5.5

-0.8

-4.8

1.0

5.3

0.5

0.9

-7.8

-

-

7.4

3.5

-

4.1

0.2

2.3

-1.5

- Building construction

-1.6

11.2

0.2

-3.3

4.4

3.2

3.1

2.4

-7.3

- Civil engineering works

-7.1

-2.5

-2.5

-7.2

-4.4

8.9

-3.8

-1.8

-8.8

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

Construction investment² (y-o-y)

1. Preliminary 2. National accounts Source: The Bank of Korea

Construction investment 10

Source: The Bank of Korea (national accounts)

(%)

5

0

-5

-10 2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2013.Q1

Construction investment (q-o-q)

2014.1Q

Construction investment (y-o-y)

The value of construction completed (constant) in February rose 4.5 percent month-on-month, as both civil engineering works and building construction increased. The index increased 0.2 percent year-on-year.

(Percentage change from previous period)

2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual Construction completed (constant)

-5.0

10.2

-0.8

Q1

Q2

2014 Q3

1.0

-0.4

-2.7

2015 Jan1 Feb1

Q4¹

Nov

Dec¹

-3.9

-1.6

0.5

4.5

4.5

(y-o-y)

-

-

-

6.6

0.1

-1.9

-5.9

-9.4

-2.9

-4.2

0.2

- Building construction

-6.6

15.1

7.8

4.8

2.0

-3.8

-3.7

-1.1

-1.0

5.9

4.5

- Civil engineering works

-3.0

4.4

-12.3

-4.6

-4.1

-0.8

-4.2

-2.4

3.0

2.3

4.6

1. Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

14

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Construction investment by type Source: The Bank of Korea (national accounts) 50

(y-o-y, %)

40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 2004.Q1

2005.Q1

2006.Q1

2007.Q1

2008.Q1

2009.Q1

2010.Q1

2011.Q1

2012.Q1

2013.Q1

Residential buildings

Building construction

2014.Q1

Civil engineering works

Construction investment is expected to rise, considering a fall in the number of unsold houses and an increase in construction orders, although there is a chance of drop after increasing for three consecutive months.

Unsold houses (thousands, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) 49 (May 2014) → 50 (Jun) → 51 (Jul) → 45 (Aug) → 39 (Sep) → 40 (Oct) → 40 (Nov) → 40 (Dec) → 37 (Jan 2015) → 34 (Feb) New apartment sales (thousands, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport) 39 (May 2014) → 29 (Jun) → 18 (Jul) → 23 (Aug) → 33 (Sep) → 64 (Oct) → 43 (Nov) → 17 (Dec) → 15 (Jan 2015) → 9 (Feb) → 38¹ (Mar) 1. Estimate (Percentage change from same period in previous year)

Construction orders (current value) (q-o-q, m-o-m) - Building construction - Civil engineering works Building permits²

2012 Annual -6.2 -4.7 -9.1 -0.5

2013 Annual -12.9 -10.2 -18.2 -7.3

Annual 15.3 24.5 -4.4 11.2

Q1 15.5 -5.1 11.2 24.0 18.4

Q2 25.4 12.4 45.6 -11.5 21.6

2014 Q3 42.8 22.0 61.8 -6.2 14.7

Q41 -7.5 -29.0 -5.0 -13.1 -4.6

Nov -20.5 -23.4 -23.7 -12.1 -17.5

Dec1 -3.9 15.4 -2.0 -7.8 -7.3

2015 Jan1 Feb1 30.5 -4.0 37.6 -17.2 75.1 2.1 -39.1 -12.7 36.8 -20.6

1. Preliminary 2. Floor area Sources: Statistics Korea, Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

Leading indicators of construction investment Sources: Statistics Korea (construction orders), Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport (building permit area) 300 250

(y-o-y, %)

200 150 100 50 0 -50 -100 2004.1

2005.1

Construction orders

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Building permit area

15

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

5. Exports and Imports Exports in March declined 4.2 percent (preliminary) year-on-year to US $46.99 billion.

Exports declined on account of drops in petroleum product prices amid falling oil prices, despite an increase in the number of days worked.

Excluding petroleum and petrochemical products, exports was on the rise by 0.2 percent.

By item, semiconductor and vessel exports increased, while the other exports declined due to a fall in prices.

By region, shipments to the US and Latin America rose, whereas shipments to China, Japan, the EU and the ASEAN countries fell.

Export growth by item (y-o-y, %) 13.6 (vessels), 3.4(semiconductors), -10.0 (mobile phones), -4.3 (steel), -16.1 (petrochemicals), -32.5 (petroleum products) Export growth by region (y-o-y, %) 17.0 (US), 3.2 (Latin America), -2.4 (China), -9.7 (EU), -17.2 (ASEAN countries), -23.0 (Japan)

Average daily exports, an indicator adjusted to days worked, was down 8.2 percent year-on-year, posting US $1.96 billion in March.

Average daily export growth (y-o-y, %) 5.2 (Jul 2014) → 4.0 (Aug) → 1.2 (Sep) → 2.3 (Oct) → 1.6 (Nov) → -1.2 (Dec) → -7.2 (Jan 2015) → 9.4 (Feb) → -8.2 (Mar) (US $ billion)

2013

2014

Annual Annual Exports

Q1

Q2

2015 Q3

Q4

559.63 572.66 137.53 145.67 141.76 147.70

(y-o-y, %) Average daily exports

Mar

Q11

Jan

Feb

Mar1

49.06

133.64

45.16

41.50

46.99

2.1

2.3

1.6

3.2

3.9

0.9

3.7

-2.8

-0.9

-3.3

-4.2

2.05

2.11

2.07

2.19

2.07

2.13

2.13

2.01

1.92

2.18

1.96

1. Preliminary Source: Korea Customs Service

Exports by item 160 140

Sources: Korea Customs Service, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (export and import trends)

(y-o-y, %)

120 100 80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 2004.1

2005.1

Export growth rate

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

Semiconductors

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

Automobiles

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Steel

16

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Imports in March fell 15.3 percent (preliminary) year-on-year to US $38.60 billion.

Imports of capital goods and consumer goods increased, but commodity imports had been decreasing for six consecutive months due to low oil prices.

Import growth by category (y-o-y, %) -28.0 (commodities), 3.3 (capital goods), 7.7 (machinery), 5.7 (consumer goods) (US $ billion)

2013 Imports

2014

2015

Annual

Annual

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Mar

Q11

Jan

Feb

Mar1

515.59

525.51

132.37

130.96

132.84

129.35

45.56

112.18

39.79

33.79

38.60

(y-o-y, %)

-0.8

1.9

2.0

3.3

5.4

-2.8

3.6

-15.2

-11.1

-19.7

-15.3

Average daily imports

1.89

1.94

1.99

1.97

1.94

1.86

1.98

1.69

1.69

1.78

1.61

1. Preliminary Source: Korea Customs Service

Imports by item 120 100

Sources: Korea Customs Service, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (export and import trends)

(y-o-y, %)

80 60 40 20 0 -20 -40 -60 -80 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

Import growth rate

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

Commodities

Exports and imports 60

2009.1

2015.1

Capital goods

Sources: Korea Customs Service, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (export and import trends)

(US $ billion)

50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 2004.1

2005.1

Trade balance

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

Exports

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Imports

17

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

The trade balance (preliminary) in March remained in the black for the 38th consecutive month, posting a surplus of US $8.39 billion.

(US $ billion)

2013 Trade balance

2014

2015

Annual

Annual

Q1

Q2

Q3

Q4

Mar

Q11

Jan

Feb

Mar1

44.05

47.15

5.17

14.72

8.92

18.35

3.51

21.46

5.36

7.71

8.39

1. Preliminary Source: Korea Customs Service

6. Mining and manufacturing production Mining and manufacturing production rose 2.6 percent month-on-month in February with most of the industries in this category posting an increase, particularly the semiconductor, primary metal and automobile industries.

Compared to the same period of the previous year, the index fell 4.7 percent as the number of days worked decreased due to the Lunar New Year holiday.

Compared to the previous month, production of semiconductors (up 6.6%), primary metals (up 4.9%), automobiles (up 4.6%), electrical equipment (up 3.5%) and refined petroleum (up 3.1%) rose, while production of communications equipment (down 3.4%) and chemical products (down 2.3%) decreased.

Compared to a year ago, production of semiconductors (up 14.9%), refined petroleum (up 14.0%) and computers (up 9.8%) rose, while other transportation equipment (down 25.9%), communications equipment (down 23.8%) and automobiles (down 11.7%) declined.

(Percentage change from previous period)

2013 Annual Annual¹

Mining and manufacturing activity²

Manufacturing indicators

Q1

2014 Q2 Q3

Q4¹

Dec¹

2015 Jan¹ Feb¹

Mining (q-o-q, m-o-m)

-

-

-0.3

-0.6

0.1

-0.9

3.4

-3.8

2.6

(y-o-y)

0.7

0.0

0.7

0.5

1.2

-1.9

1.1

1.7

-4.7

Manufacturing (q-o-q, m-o-m)

-

-

-0.2

-0.7

0.1

-1.0

3.4

-3.9

2.8

(y-o-y)

0.7

0.1

0.7

0.4

1.2

-1.9

1.1

1.6

-4.8

Shipment

0.7

0.0

-0.3

-0.3

-0.4

0.0

2.1

-3.3

0.8

- Domestic consumption

-0.8

0.3

-0.6

-0.1

-0.8

-0.8

1.6

2.7

4.1

- Exports

2.6

-0.4

-0.1

-0.3

0.1

1.1

2.8

-4.0

-3.0

Inventory³

4.4

-1.9

-0.3

0.6

0.9

-2.4

-0.4

0.1

2.6

Average operation ratio (%)

76.5

76.1

77.1

76.1

76.0

75.1

76.5

74.1

75.5

Production capacity (y-o-y)

1.6

1.6

1.4

1.5

1.7

1.6

1.4

1.3

1.3

1. Preliminary 2. Including mining, manufacturing, electricity and gas industry 3. End-period

18

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Industrial production Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends) 50

(%)

40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

Industrial production (m-o-m)

2014.1

2015.1

Industrial production (y-o-y)

The manufacturing inventory-shipment ratio rose 2.2 percentage points month-on-month to 122.6 percent as inventories rose 2.6 percent and shipments rose 0.8 percent.

Inventories of electronic components (up 15.5%), refined petroleum (up 9.7%) and primary metals (up 6.0%) rose, while processed metals (down 4.4%), chemical products (down 3.0%) and mechanical equipment (down 1.7%) declined.

Shipments of mechanical equipment (up 3.8%), automobiles (up2.7%) and primary metals (up 2.3%) rose, while electronic components (down 3.5%), communications equipment (down 7.3%) and semiconductors (down 1.8%) fell.

The average operation ratio of the manufacturing sector rose 1.4 percentage points month-on-month to 75.5 percent.

Shipment and inventory 10 8

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

(m-o-m, %)

6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12 2004.1

2005.1

Shipment growth

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Inventory growth

19

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Average manufacturing operation ratio

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

100 (%) 90

80

70

60

50 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Mining and manufacturing production will likely improve in March due to the automobile and IT industries releasing new products. However, the increase may be limited because some petrochemical companies will carry out regular maintenance.

7. Service sector activity Service output in February rose 1.6 month-on-month and 2.9 percent year-on-year, led by wholesale & retail, real estate & renting and financial & insurance services.

Wholesale & retail (up 3.7%, m-o-m) and real estate & renting (up 0.5%, m-o-m) were up after a fall in January, while financial & insurance services (up 2.9%, m-o-m), education services (up 0.8%, m-o-m) and healthcare & social welfare services (up 1.2%, m-o-m) continued to increase.

Entertainment, cultural & sports services (down 2.9%, m-o-m) fell, and publishing & communications services (down 0.4%, m-o-m) continued to decline for the fourth month in a row.

Service sector activity

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

20 (%) 15 10 5 0 -5 -10 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

Service sector activity (m-o-m)

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Service sector activity (y-o-y)

20

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

(Percentage change from previous period)

Weight Service activity index

2012 2013 Annual Annual Q4

Annual

Q1

2014 Q2 Q3

Q4

2015 Dec Jan1 Feb1

100.0

1.6

1.5

0.8

2.2

0.7

0.1

0.9

1.0

0.2 -0.6

21.6

0.8

0.1

0.8

-0.2

-0.4 -0.5

0.1

0.1

1.2 -2.5

3.7

- Transportation services

8.5

1.2

1.0

-0.3

1.7

0.8

0.6

2.6

1.3 -1.2

0.4

- Hotels & restaurants

7.2

-1.2

0.5

0.9

1.2

0.2 -1.5

- Publishing & communications services

8.4

3.0

2.2

3.0

1.7

-1.2

- Wholesale & retail

- Financial & insurance services

0.7

2.6 -1.2 -2.7

0.9 -0.2

0.0

0.1 -0.4 -2.3 -0.4

14.7

2.8

0.5

0.5

5.2

2.5

1.2

2.1

2.9 -0.7

- Real estate & renting

5.3

-4.8

2.5

2.7

6.2

0.2

4.4

0.0

3.6

- Professional, scientific & technical services

5.6

3.7

3.3

0.4

2.4

0.1

2.6 -1.1

- Business services

3.3

3.5

2.1

0.4

2.4

1.5 -0.6

- Education services

10.9

0.9

0.8

0.3

1.3

1.6 -1.9

- Healthcare & social welfare services

7.5

6.7

5.2

1.7

6.3

1.4

- Entertainment, cultural & sports services

2.9

2.8

-0.7

-0.4

-1.1

0.0 -4.7

- Membership organizations & personal services - Sewerage & waste management

3.6

-1.4

6.1

1.7

-0.7

-1.0

0.6

-0.6

-0.4

1.2

1.0

0.2 -1.4

1.0

1.8

1.6

0.7

2.9

0.5 -4.1

0.5

2.0 -0.7 -0.2

0.8

0.3

1.0

2.3 -3.3

3.5

1.1

0.0

0.4

0.4

0.8

1.4

2.7

0.4

0.6

1.2

6.1 -2.1 -4.2

1.1 -1.0 1.6

8.4 -2.9

0.5 -3.8 -2.4

5.2

1.1

2.9

4.7 -1.4

1. Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

Wholesale & retail 20

Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

(%)

15 10 5 0 -5 -10 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

Wholesale & retail (m-o-m)

10

Transportation services

6 Total index

2 0 -2 -4 -6 -8 -10 -12

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

(y-o-y, %)

8 4

2015.1

Wholesale & retail (y-o-y)

February 2015 service output by business 12

2014.1

Publishing & communications services

Wholesale & retail Hotels & restaurants

Real estate & renting Financial & insurance services

Professional, scientific & technical services

Business services

Education services

Entertainment, cultural & sports services

Health & social welfare services

Sewerage & waste management

Membership organizations & personal services

21

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

financial & insurance services and real estate & renting will continue to improve in March amid rising stock and housing transactions.

Average daily stock transactions (trillion won) 5.4 (Jun 2014) → 6.0 (Jul) → 6.3 (Aug) → 6.6 (Sep) → 6.8 (Oct) → 6.7 (Nov) → 6.0 (Dec) → 7.2 (Jan 2015) → 7.5 (Feb) → 8.1 (Mar)

8. Employment The number of workers on payroll in February increased by 376,000 from a year earlier to 25,195,000 and the employment rate rose 0.2 percentage points to 58.8 percent.

By industry, services and manufacturing continued to lead employment growth.

By employment status, permanent workers continued to lead employment growth, while temporary and daily workers rose at a slower pace and self-employed workers continued to decline.

2010 2011 2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual Annual Q3 Number of employed (millions)

Q4 Annual Q1

2014 Q2 Q3

Q4

Feb

2015 Jan Feb

23.83 24.24 24.68 25.07 25.41 25.35 25.60 24.91 25.79 25.93 25.77 24.82 25.11 25.20

Employment rate (%)

58.7 59.1 59.4 59.5 60.3 60.0 60.2 58.8 60.8 60.9 60.4 58.6 58.7 58.8

(Seasonally adjusted)

58.7 59.1 59.4 59.5 59.7 59.9 60.2 60.4 59.9 60.3 60.3 60.5 60.5 60.7

Employment growth (y-o-y, thousands)

323

415

437

386

421

541

533

729

464

517

422

835

347

376

(Excluding agriculture, forestry & fisheries)

405

440

451

394

402

556

601

717

518

638

531

806

451

463

- Manufacturing

191

63

14

79

26

49

146

123

136

194

129

135

141

159

33

-2

22

-19

4

-9

42

27

12

57

72

59

70

68

- Services

200

386

416

318

354

507

424

570

387

403

336

612

242

231

- Agriculture, forestry & fisheries

-82

-25

-14

-8

19

-15

-68

12

29 -104

-87

- Wage workers

517

427

315

483

526

604

548

711

485

519

476

803

458

465

· Permanent workers

697

575

436

615

632

637

443

606

478

333

355

635

353

383

· Temporary workers

-34

-78

-2

-96

-65

2

140

74

118

226

141

99

141

62

-146

-70 -120

-37

-42

-35

-35

31 -111

-40

-20

70

-36

20

-194

-11

121

-97 -105

-63

-15

19

-3

-54

32 -111

-89

- Construction

· Daily workers - Nonwage workers · Self-employed workers

-54 -121 -109

-22

-118

1

124

-67

-83

-54

1

-7

-14

19

7

-12

-68

-59

- Male

181

238

234

186

179

262

266

373

228

268

196

453

113

144

- Female

142

177

203

200

242

279

267

357

236

249

226

382

235

232

- 15 to 29

-43

-35

-36

-50

-41

46

77

97

53

102

56

148

27

30

- 30 to 39

-4

-47

-31

-21

-34

-42

-21

-6

-42

-7

-29

-6

-17

18

- 40 to 49

29

57

11

22

30

53

38

99

34

15

4

109

-27

-48

- 50 to 59

294

291

270

254

279

285

239

323

227

215

190

357

191

183

47

149

222

181

187

200

200

218

192

192

201

228

174

193

- 60 or more Source: Statistics Korea

22

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Number of persons employed and employment growth 1,000

Source: Statistics Korea (employment trends)

(thousands)

27

(millions)

800

26

600 25 400 24 200 23

0

22

-200

21

-400 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

Employment growth (y-o-y, left)

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Number of employed (seasonally adjusted, right)

Employment rate Source: Statistics Korea (employment trends) 64

(%)

63 62 61 60 59 58 57 56 55

2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

Original data

Employment by industry

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Seasonally adjusted rate

Source: Statistics Korea (employment trends)

100

(%)

80

60

69.3 69.2 69.0 68.7 69.0 70.4 70.9 71.1 70.2 69.4 69.2 69.1 69.4 69.6 69.4 69.1 69.7 70.8 71.1 71.2 70.6 69.7 69.4 69.3 69.6 69.7 69.6 69.5 69.8 70.8 71.5 71.4

40 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.3 7.2 7.2 6.9 6.7 6.9 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.0 6.9 7.0 7.1 7.0 7.0 6.8 6.7 6.8 6.9 7.1 7.1 7.1 7.0 7.1 7.1 7.2 7.2 7.0 6.9 20 16.4 16.5 16.6 16.7 16.9 17.1 17.4 17.3 16.9 16.7 16.4 16.4 16.4 16.3 16.4 16.5 16.7 17.1 17.3 17.2 17.0 16.7 16.8 16.8 16.8 16.7 16.8 16.8 16.8 17.4 17.6 17.6 0 6.8 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.5 4.9 4.3 4.6 5.6 6.3 6.7 6.9 6.7 6.8 6.8 6.9 6.2 4.7 4.4 4.5 5.3 6.1 6.4 6.5 6.2 6.2 6.2 6.2 5.8 4.2 3.9 4.1 2012.7 8 9 10 11 12 2013.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2014.1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2015.1 2

Services

Construction

Manufacturing

Agriculture, forestry & fisheries

23

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Employment by status of workers Source: Statistics Korea (employment trends) (%) 100 5.3 5.3 5.4 5.3 5.2 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.7 5.0 5.0 5.2 5.1 5.2 5.2 5.3 5.1 4.3 4.2 4.3 4.6 4.8 5.0 5.0 5.0 5.0 4.9 4.9 4.7 4.1 4.0 4.1

80

23.4 23.3 23.2 23.1 22.9 22.7 22.7 22.8 23.0 22.8 22.6 22.5 22.6 22.7 22.5 22.4 22.2 21.9 22.1 22.0 22.3 22.2 22.1 22.1 22.1 22.4 22.2 22.1 21.9 21.5 21.5 21.5 6.4 6.3 6.0 5.7 6.0 6.1 6.1 6.0 5.8 6.1 6.2 6.4 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.7 6.4 6.4 6.7 6.8 6.6 6.2 6.0 6.0 6.5 6.7 6.7 6.3 6.1 6.3 6.5 6.4

60

20.2 19.9 19.8 19.8 19.9 20.0 19.9 19.7 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.5 19.6 19.2 19.4 19.4 19.5 19.5 19.2 19.4 19.6 19.7 19.7 19.5 20.1 19.7 19.8 19.7 19.7 19.7 19.5 19.4

40

20

44.4 45.1 45.2 45.1 45.2 46.2 46.9 47.3 47.0 46.3 46.2 46.1 46.4 46.8 46.7 46.5 46.9 47.8 48.3 48.2 47.8 47.3 47.1 47.2 46.8 47.0 47.1 47.2 47.3 48.5 49.0 49.0

0 2012.7 8

9

10

11 12 2013.1 2

Unpaid family workers

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Self-employed workers

11 12 2014.1 2

3

Daily workers

4

5

6

7

8

9

10

Temporary workers

11 12 2015.1 2

Regular workers

The number of unemployed persons in February increased by 24,000 year-on-year to 1,203,000, and the unemployment rate rose 0.1 percentage points to 4.6 percent. The unemployment rate declined among those in their 30s or over 60, but the rate rose in the other age groups.

The economically inactive population in February was up 83,000 from a year earlier to 16,430,000, while the labor force participation rate rose 0.2 percentage points to 61.6 percent.

The number of those economically inactive due to education (down 142,000, y-o-y) and housework (down 87,000, y-o-y) decreased, while those due to rest (up 143,000, y-o-y) and childcare (up 24,000, y-o-y) increased.

2010 2011 2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual Annual Q3

Q4 Annual Q1

2014 Q2 Q3

Q4

Feb

2015 Jan Feb

937 1,031

977

884

854 1,178

988 1,203

Number of unemployed (thousands)

920

855

820

807

777

733

Unemployment growth (y-o-y, thousands)

31

-65

-35

-13

7

11

137

125

165

107

121

189

97

24

- Male

-7

-48

-26

-6

11

-7

49

40

62

37

59

44

50

15

- Female

38

-17

-9

-7

-4

18

80

84

103

70

63

145

47

10

Unemployment rate (%)

3.7

3.4

3.2

3.1

3.0

2.8

3.5

4.0

3.7

3.3

3.2

4.5

3.8

4.6

(Seasonally adjusted)

3.7

3.4

3.2

3.1

3.1

3.0

3.5

3.5

3.7

3.5

3.5

3.9

3.4

3.9

-15 to 29

8.0

7.6

7.5

8.0

7.9

7.9

9.0

9.8

9.4

8.6

8.3

10.9

9.2

11.1

- 30 to 39

3.5

3.4

3.0

3.0

2.9

2.6

3.1

3.2

3.4

3.0

2.8

3.6

2.9

3.3

- 40 to 49

2.5

2.1

2.0

2.0

1.9

1.7

2.2

2.3

2.4

2.1

2.1

2.4

2.2

2.5

- 50 to 59

2.5

2.1

2.1

1.9

1.8

1.5

2.2

2.2

2.3

2.1

2.2

2.3

2.6

2.8

- 60 or more

2.8

2.6

2.4

1.8

1.2

1.4

2.3

4.4

1.9

1.5

1.6

6.2

4.0

5.6

Source: Statistics Korea

24

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Unemployment rate 6

Source: Statistics Korea (employment trends)

(%)

5

4

3

2 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

Original data

2015.1

Seasonally adjusted rate

Labor force participation rate 65

2014.1

Source: Statistics Korea (employment trends)

(%)

64 63 62 61 60 59 58 57 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

Original data

2015.1

Seasonally adjusted rate

2010 2011 2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual Annual Q3 Economically inactive population (millions)

2014.1

Q4 Annual Q1

2014 Q2 Q3

Q4

Feb

2015 Jan Feb

15.84 15.95 16.08 16.22 15.98 16.17 15.98 16.40 15.69 15.76 16.07 16.35 16.68 16.43

Labor force participation rate (%) 61.0 61.1 61.3 61.5 62.1 61.7 62.4 61.3 63.1 63.0 62.4 61.4 61.0 61.6 (Seasonally adjusted)

61.0 61.1 61.3 61.5 61.6 61.7 62.4 62.6 62.2 62.5 62.4 62.9 62.6 63.1

Growth in economically inactive population (y-o-y, thousands)

143

112

128

141

78

- Childcare

-125

-5

-2

1

9

-91 -246 -433 -226 -222 -101 -606

27

83

-14

72

24

-67 -282 -130

-87

-39

-29

-57

-41 -99

- Housework

201

101

123

-3

-80 -112 -131 -230 -127

- Education

12

-51

-12

77

88

- Old age - Rest

80

-45

148

54

32

-56

182

-53

-7

12

Source: Statistics Korea

-44

-81

-76

-68 -109

21

93

81

113

21

-92 -197

-90

-31

-15

-72

-94 -129 -142

91

89

72

60

80

-65

-15 -263

139

143

25

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

9. Financial markets 9.1 Stock market The KOSPI rose 2.8 percent in March from 1,986 points to 2,041 points. The KOSPI rose as investor sentiment improved following rate cuts in Korea and China, and also as inflows of overseas funds increased due to quantitative easing by the ECB and easing concerns over an early rate hike in the US.

Stock prices 2,200 2,000

(monthly average)

1,800 1,600 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

KOSPI

2015.1

KOSDAQ

(Closing rate)

Feb 2015

KOSPI Mar 2015

Change1

Stock price index (points)

1,985.8

2,041.0

Market capitalization (trillion won)

1,235.2 4.5 33.9

Average daily trade value (trillion won) Foreign stock ownership (%, %p)

Feb 2015

KOSDAQ Mar 2015

Change1

55.2 (2.8%)

624.6

650.5

25.9 (4.1%)

1,272.3

37.1 (3.0%)

166.7

173.6

6.9 (4.1%)

5.1

0.6 (13.3%)

3.0

3.0

0.0 (0.0%)

34.0

0.1 (0.3%)

10.8

10.5

-0.3 (-2.8%)

1. Change from the end of the previous month Source: Korea Exchange

9.2 Exchange rate The dollar-won exchange rate in March rose 11.1 won to 1,109.5 won from 1,093.5 won at the end of February. The dollar-won exchange rate surged to 1,131.5 won on March 16 due to the Fed’s rate hike prospects and the Bok’s rate cut, but fell as expectations of an early rate hike by the Fed decreased following the FOMC. The 100 yen-won exchange rate rose from 921.7 won in February to 924.0 won in March as the dollar-won exchange rate rose by a relatively wider margin due to the accommodative monetary policy in Korea.

26

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Foreign exchange rates 1,800

(month-end, \)

1,600

1,400

1,200

1,000

800 600 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

Dollar-Won

2015.1

100 Yen-Won

(Closing rate)

Dollar-Won 100 Yen-Won

2009 Dec 1,164.5 1,264.5

2010 Dec 1,134.8 1,393.6

2011 Dec 1,151.8 1,481.2

2012 Dec 1,070.6 1,238.3

2013 Dec 1,055.4 1,002.3

2014 Dec 1,099.3 913.0

Feb 1,098.4 921.7

2015 Mar 1,109.5 924.0

Change1 -0.9 -1.2

1. Appreciation from the end of the previous year (%); the exchange rate is based on the closing price at 3:00 p.m., local time.

9.3 Bond market 3-year Treasury bond yields were down from 2.03 percent in February to 1.72 percent in March.

Treasury bond yields declined as demand for safe assets slowed amid easing external uncertainties, and also as the BOK cut interest rates.

Interest rates 10

Source: The Bank of Korea

(monthly average, yearly, %)

9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 2004.1

2005.1

Overnight call rate (daily)

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

3-yr Treasury bond yield

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

3-yr corporate bond yield

27

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

(Closing rate, %)

2009 Dec

2010 Dec

2011 Dec

2012 Dec

2013 Dec

2014 Dec

2015 Jan

Feb

Mar

Change1

Call rate (1 day)

2.01

2.51

3.29

2.77

2.52

2.03

2.00

1.99

1.74

-25

CD (91 days)

2.88

2.80

3.55

2.89

2.66

2.13

2.12

2.10

1.85

-25

Treasury bonds (3 yrs)

4.44

3.38

3.34

2.82

2.86

2.10

1.97

2.03

1.72

-31

Corporate bonds (3 yrs)

5.56

4.27

4.21

3.29

3.29

2.43

2.27

2.29

1.99

-30

Treasury bonds (5 yrs)

4.98

4.08

3.46

2.97

3.23

2.28

2.05

2.10

1.80

-30

1. Basis point, changes from the previous month

9.4 Money supply & money market M2 (monthly average) in January rose 8.0 percent from a year earlier. Despite a decrease in debt repayment in the private sector after lump-sum year-end debt repayments, M2 growth decelerated slightly month-on-month as money supply in the overseas sector decreased amid rising institutional investors’ overseas deposits.

Total money supply Source: The Bank of Korea 40

(y-o-y, monthly average balance, %)

30

20

10

0

-10

-20 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

Reserve money

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

M1

2015.1

Lf

(Percentage change from same period in previous year, average)

2009 Annual

2010 Annual

2011 Annual

2012 Annual

2013 Annual

M1²

16.3

M2

10.3

Lf ³

7.9

11.8

6.6

3.8

8.7

4.2

5.2

8.2

5.3

7.8

1. Balance at end January 2015, trillion won 2. M1 excluding corporate MMFs and individual MMFs while including CMAs 3. Liquidity aggregates of financial institutions (mostly identical with M3)

Annual

2014 Nov

9.5

10.9

4.8

6.6

6.9

7.0

2015 Dec

Jan

Jan1

12.6

13.4

12.5

580.0

8.3

8.1

8.0

2,092.2

8.1

8.4

8.4

2,857.2

28

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Bank deposits surged in February, led by instant access deposits (-7.6 trillion won → 18.4 trillion won), due to inflows of Lunar New Year bonuses and surplus funds from corporations and local governments.

Despite banks’ surplus funds flowing into asset management company (AMC) deposits, AMC deposits grew slower, led by money market funds (MMF) (12.3 trillion won → 5.0 trillion won), due to the absence of the seasonal factor seen in the previous month (corporate funds withdrawn at the end of the year or redeposited at the beginning of the year).

Deposits in financial institutions 60

Source: The Bank of Korea

(y-o-y, end of month balance, trillion won)

50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 -30 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

(Change from previous period, end-period, trillion won)

2009

2010

2011

2012

2013

2014

Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual

2015

Nov

Dec

Jan

Feb

Feb1

Bank deposits

54.8

36.9

58.9

37.0

41.0

115.4

21.0

52.0

-17.6

9.5

1,282.6

AMC deposits

-27.6

-16.7

-16.6

18.8

17.7

47.0

2.9

-8.7

14.8

11.2

407.8

1. Balance at end February 2015

10. Balance of payments Korea’s current account (preliminary) in February posted a surplus of US $6.44 billion, staying in the black for 36 consecutive months.

The goods account surplus rose from US $6.69 billion to US $7.32 billion, amid falls in both exports and imports.

Goods export growth (y-o-y, %) -10.3 (Jan 2015) → -15.4 (Feb 2015) Goods import growth (y-o-y, %) -16.3 (Jan 2015) → -21.9 (Jan 2015)

29

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Current account balance

Source: The Bank of Korea (balance of payments trends)

14 12

(US $ billion)

10 8 6 4 2 0 -2 -4 -6 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

Services account

Goods account

2015.1

Current account

Compared to the same period of the previous year, the goods account surplus expanded from US $5.40 billion to US $7.32 billion as imports declined by a greater margin than exports.

Import growth by category (y-o-y, %) -19.7 (total), -34.1 (commodities), 3.6 (capital goods), 7.4 (consumer goods) Export growth by item (y-o-y, %) -3.3 (total), -6.8 (mobile phones), 6.4 (semiconductors), -5.7 (steel), -42.6 (petroleum products), -16.0 (automobiles)

The services account deficit fell from US $2.38 billion to US $2.06 billion. Although the deficit in the intellectual property rights account expanded, the transportation account posted a surplus and the travel account deficit declined.

Services account (US $ billion, January → February) -0.43 → -0.41 (manufacturing), -0.11 → 0.25 (transportation), -1.04 → -0.50 (travel), 0.93 → 0.58 (construction), -0.60 → -1.32 (intellectual property rights), -1.19 → -0.72 (other businesses)

The primary income account surplus fell from US $2.90 billion to US $1.40 billion due to a fall in dividend income, while the secondary income account deficit declined from US $0.62 billion to US $0.22 billion.

(US $ billion)

2013 Annual

Annual

Q1

Q2

2014 Q3

Q4

Feb

Jan

2015 Feb1

Current account

81.15

89.22

15.19

24.24

22.57

27.23

4.54

6.58

6.44

- Goods balance

82.78

92.69

17.75

26.43

21.68

26.84

5.40

6.69

7.32

- Services balance

-6.50

-8.16

-3.50

-1.84

-0.90

-1.92

-1.02

-2.38

-2.06

- Primary income balance

9.06

10.20

1.91

1.33

3.14

3.82

0.37

2.90

1.40

- Secondary income balance

-4.19

-5.50

-0.96

-1.68

-1.35

-1.51

-0.22

-0.62

-0.22

1. Preliminary Source: The Bank of Korea

30

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

The capital and financial account (preliminary) in February posted a net outflow of US $5.54 billion.

Capital & financial account balance (US $ billion) -5.92 (Jul 2014) → -7.81 (Aug) → -8.76 (Sep) → -6.80 (Oct) → -9.92 (Nov) → -9.80 (Dec) → -8.25 (Jan 2015) → -5.54 (Feb)

FDI net outflows increased from US $1.00 billion to US $1.99 billion.

Net outflows of portfolio investment decreased from US $3.62 billion to US $3.00 billion as foreign investment in Korean shares posted to a net inflow.

Net outflows of financial derivatives investment shifted from a net outflow of US $0.08 billion to a net inflow of US $0.03 billion, while other investment shifted from a net inflow of US $0.49 billion to a net outflow of US $0.37 billion due to an increase in repayments by financial institutions.

The current account is expected to continue posting a surplus in March, considering the trade surplus in March (US $8.39 billion).

Capital & financial account balance 15

Source: The Bank of Korea (balance of payments trends)

(US $ billion)

10

5

0

-5

-10

-15 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

Direct investment

2007.1

2008.1

Portfolio investment

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

Financial derivatives

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Capital & financial account

11. Prices 11.1 Consumer prices Consumer prices in March remained unchanged from the previous month. Compared to the same month of the previous year, consumer prices rose 0.4 percent.

Consumer prices stayed flat as declines in gas (down 8.4%, m-o-m) and agricultural, livestock & fishery product prices (down 2.0%, m-o-m) offset rises in petroleum product prices (up 3.9%, m-o-m).

31

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Consumer price inflation 7

Source: Statistics Korea (consumer price trends)

(%)

6 5 4 3 2 1 0 -1 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

Consumer price inflation (m-o-m)

2014.1

Consumer price inflation (y-o-y)

Consumer price inflation

(%)

2014 Month-on-Month Year-on-Year

Mar 0.2 1.3

2015.1

Apr 0.1 1.5

May 0.2 1.7

Jun -0.1 1.7

Jul 0.1 1.6

Aug 0.2 1.4

Sep -0.1 1.1

Oct -0.3 1.2

Nov -0.2 1.0

Dec 0.0 0.8

Jan 0.5 0.8

2015 Feb 0.0 0.5

Mar 0.0 0.4

Source: Statistics Korea

Agricultural, livestock & fishery product prices were down 2.0 percent month-on-month (agricultural products down 2.8%, livestock products down 1.5%, fishery products down 0.2%). The prices of agricultural products fell backed by stable supply and increased shipments of spring fruits and vegetables. Fishery and livestock product prices declined as demand decreased following the Lunar New Year holiday.

Manufactured product prices rose 0.6 percent from the previous month, led by petroleum product prices, and public utility rates fell 3.5 percent month-on-month, led by gas.

Personal service prices rose 0.4 percent month-on-month. Dining out expenses and personal service prices excluding dining out expenses were up 0.6 percent and 0.3 percent, respectively.

Consumer prices for basic necessities fell 0.8 percent year-on-year but rose 0.1 percent month-on-month.

Price increases for basic necessities (y-o-y, %) 0.7 (Oct 2014) → 0.7 (Nov) → 0.3 (Dec) → -0.3 (Jan 2015) → -0.7 (Feb) → -0.8 (Mar)

Fresh food prices declined 2.0 percent year-on-year, led by fruits (down 12.0%). Compared to the previous month, fresh food prices fell 2.7 percent.

Fresh food price increases (y-o-y, %) -6.6 (Oct 2014) → -5.2 (Nov) → -2.8 (Dec) → -2.1 (Jan 2015) → -1.1 (Feb) → -2.0 (Mar)

Core consumer prices, which exclude oil and agricultural products, rose 2.1 percent year-on-year and 0.2 percent month-on-month.

32

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Core inflation and prices for basic necessities

(y-o-y, %)

2014 2015 Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Consumer prices excluding oil and agricultural products

2.1 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.6 2.4 2.3 2.1

Consumer prices excluding food and energy

1.7 1.9 1.8 1.7 1.9 2.1 1.7 1.6 1.3 1.4 2.3 2.3 2.3

Consumer prices for basic necessities

0.8 1.0 1.4 1.4 1.4 0.8 0.6 0.7 0.7 0.3 -0.3 -0.7 -0.8

Source: Statistics Korea

Prices 16

Source: Statistics Korea (consumer price trends)

(y‐o‐y, %)

13 10 7 4 1 -2 -5 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

Consumer price inflation

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

Core inflation

2014.1

2015.1

Producer price inflation

The expected annual inflation inched down from 2.6 percent in February to 2.5 percent in March, while import prices fell 17.8 percent year-on-year in February.

Expected inflation (%, over the next 12 months) 2.8 (Sep 2014) → 2.7 (Oct) → 2.7 (Nov) → 2.6 (Dec) → 2.6 (Jan 2015) → 2.6 (Feb) → 2.5 (Mar) Import price increases (y-o-y, %, won base) -8.9 (Sep 2014) → -7.6 (Oct) → -8.0 (Nov) → -13.0 (Dec) → -19.2 (Jan 2015) → -17.8 (Feb)

11.2 International oil and commodity prices International oil prices declined in March due to the strong dollar and an increase in US oil inventories.

Despite geopolitical risks such as the civil war in Yemen, dubai crude prices fell 1.8 percent month-on-month on expectations of an oversupply. Crude oil inventories in the US rose for 12 weeks in a row, reaching 471.4 million barrels as of March 27.

Dubai crude ($/barrel) 57.8 (1st week Mar) → 55.2 (2nd week) → 52.2 (3rd week) → 53.9 (4th week)

33

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

(US $/barrel, period average)

2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual

Q1

Q2

2014 Q3

Oct

Nov

Dec

Jan

2015 Feb

Mar

Dubai crude

109.0

105.2

96.6

104.4

106.1

101.6

86.8

77.1

60.2

45.8

55.7

54.7

Brent crude

111.7

108.7

99.1

108.1

109.7

102.7

87.8

79.3

62.8

49.7

58.8

56.9

WTI crude

94.2

98.0

93.1

98.7

103.0

97.2

84.3

75.8

59.3

47.3

50.7

47.9

Source: Korea PDS

International oil prices 160

Source: Korea National Oil Corporation

($/B)

140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

Dubai crude

2015.1

WTI

Domestic gasoline prices rose until mid-March as the rise in international oil prices were reflected with a time lag, but declined towards the end of the month.

Gasoline prices (won/liter) 1,489.6 (1st week Mar) → 1,506.3 (2nd week) → 1,516.0 (3rd week) → 1,513.7 (4th week)

Dubai crude prices and import prices Source: Korea National Oil Corporation 160

160

(thousand won/B)

140

140

120

120

100

100

80

80

60

60

40

40 20

20 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

Dubai crude (import prices, won, left)

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Dubai international prices (dollar, right)

34

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

(Won/liter, period average)

2012 Annual

2013 Annual Annual

Q1

Q2

2014 Q3

Oct

Nov

Dec

2015 Feb

Jan

Mar

Gasoline prices

1,985.8 1,924.5 1,827.6 1,882.6 1,868.6 1,837.6 1,781.1 1,730.2 1,652.2 1,504.8 1,439.1 1,507.7

Diesel prices

1,806.3 1,729.6 1,637.0 1,699.9 1,680.0 1,641.4 1,585.0 1,534.3 1,461.0 1,330.5 1,277.1 1,326.8

Source: Korea National Oil Corporation

International grain prices declined in March as the extent of hailstorm damage to wheat crops in India was less than expected. Favorable weather conditions in South Africa and an increase in corn production in Ukraine also led to a decline in international grain prices.

International grain price increases in March (m-o-m, %) wheat (-1.7), soybeans (-1.4), corn (-0.2)

Nonferrous metal prices showed a mixed trend. Copper prices rose due to a production halt at the Grasberg Mine in Indonesia, while the prices of tin, zinc and aluminum fell on concerns over China’s economic slowdown.

Nonferrous metal price increases in March (m-o-m, %) copper (3.5), tin (-4.5), zinc (-3.5), aluminum (-2.6) (Period average)

1

Reuters Index (set 18,1931=100)

2012 Annual

2013 Annual Annual

3,006

2,774

2,523

Q1

Q2

2014 Q3

2,600

2,609

2,491

Oct

Nov

Dec

2,395

2,407

2,388

Jan

2015 Feb

Mar

2,377

2,351

2,374

1. A weighted average index of 17 major commodities Source: KOREA PDS

International commodity prices

Sources: Bloomberg (CRB), The Bank of Korea (Reuters Index)

* CRB demonstrates a futures price index of 21 commodities listed on the US Commodity Transaction Market, including beans and other crops, crude oil and jewelry.

470

4000

430 390

3000

350 310

2000

270 230

1000

190 150

0

2004.1

CRB (left)

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Reuters index (right)

35

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

12. Real estate market 12.1 Housing market Apartment prices rose 0.3 percent month-on-month nationwide in March.

Apartment prices rose 0.4 percent in the Seoul metropolitan area, which includes Seoul (up 0.4%) and Gyeonggi Province (up 0.4%).

Apartment prices in areas excluding the Seoul metropolitan area rose 0.2 percent. Apartment prices in the five metropolitan cities and the eight provinces were up 0.3 percent and 0.2 percent, respectively.

Apartment price increase in five metropolitan cities (m-o-m, %) Busan (0.3), Daegu (0.5), Gwangju (0.6), Daejeon (0.1), Ulsan (0.2)

Nationwide apartment sales prices

(Percentage change from previous period)

2010 2011 2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual

2014 Sep Oct

Nov

2015 Dec Annual Jan Feb

Mar

Nationwide

1.9

6.9

0.0

0.3

1.7

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.7

0.1

0.2

0.3

Seoul metropolitan area

-1.7

0.5

-3.0

-1.1

1.5

0.3

0.3

0.2

0.1

0.8

0.1

0.2

0.4

Seoul

-1.2

0.3

-2.9

-1.4

1.1

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.0

0.6

0.1

0.2

0.4

Gangnam¹

-1.0

0.3

-3.5

-1.1

1.2

0.3

0.3

0.1

0.0

0.8

0.1

0.2

0.4

Gangbuk²

-1.4

0.3

-2.3

-1.7

1.1

0.1

0.2

0.1

0.0

0.5

0.0

0.2

0.3

Areas excluding the Seoul metropolitan area

6.4

15.1

3.1

1.7

1.9

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.6

0.2

0.2

0.2

7

2014.1

1. Upscale area of Southern Seoul 2. Northern Seoul Source: Korea Appraisal Board

Apartment sales prices by region

Source: Korea Appraisal Board

3 (m‐o‐m, %) 3 2 2 1 1 0 -1 -1 2009.1

Nationwide

7

2010.1

7

2011.1

7

2012.1

Seoul metropolitan area

7

2013.1

7

2015.1

Areas excluding Seoul metropolitan area

36

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Apartment rental prices rose 0.5 percent month-on-month nationwide in March.

Rental prices rose 0.7 percent in the Seoul metropolitan area and 0.3 percent in regions excluding the Seoul metropolitan area.

Apartment rental price increase in major districts in Seoul (m-o-m, %) Gangdong (4.3), Gangnam (2.5), Seocho (2.3), Songpa (1.9), Dongdaemun (1.8), Seongdong (1.6)

Nationwide apartment rental prices

(Percentage change from previous period)

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Sep Oct

2015 Nov Dec Annual Jan Feb

Mar

Nationwide

7.1

12.3

3.5

4.7

3.4

0.3

0.3

0.3

0.3

1.1

0.3

0.3

0.5

Seoul metropolitan area

6.3

11.0

2.1

6.2

4.7

0.5

0.4

0.4

0.3

1.5

0.4

0.5

0.7

Seoul

6.4

10.8

2.1

6.6

3.6

0.3

0.4

0.3

0.3

1.4

0.3

0.5

0.6

Gangnamš

7.6

11.1

2.4

6.7

3.3

0.3

0.4

0.3

0.3

1.7

0.4

0.6

0.7

Gangbuk² Areas excluding the Seoul metropolitan area

5.1

10.6

1.8

6.4

3.8

0.3

0.4

0.3

0.2

1.0

0.2

0.3

0.5

9.2

14.5

4.6

3.3

2.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.2

0.6

0.2

0.2

0.3

2014.1

7

1. Upscale area of Southern Seoul 2. Northern Seoul Source: Korea Appraisal Board

Apartment rental prices by region Source: Korea Appraisal Board 3

(m-o-m, %)

2

1

0

-1

-2 2009.1

Nationwide

7

2010.1

7

2001.1

7

2012.1

Seoul metropolitan area

7

2013.1

7

2015.1

Areas excluding Seoul metropolitan area

Apartment sales transactions in February decreased 0.6 percent from 79,320 transactions in the previous month to 78,864 transactions, and were down 0.4 percent from a year earlier (79,209).

37

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Monthly apartment transaction volume 160

Source: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

(thousands)

140 120 100 80 60 40 20 0 2009.1

7

2010.1

7

2011.1

7

Nationwide

2012.1

7

2013.1

7

Seoul metropolitan area

2014.1

7

2015.1

Areas excluding Seoul metropolitan area

Apartment sales transactions

(Thousands)

2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 Annual1 Annual1 Annual1 Annual1 Annual1 Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Nationwide

73

67

82

61

71

79

90

93

78

74

77

76

87

109

91

91

79

79

1. Monthly average Source: Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport

12.2 Land market Land prices rose 0.15 percent month-on-month nationwide in February.

Land prices rose 0.15 percent in the Seoul metropolitan area, which includes Seoul (up 0.18%) and Incheon (up 0.12%).

Land price increase in Seoul metropolitan area (m-o-m, %) 0.15 (Jul 2014) → 0.13 (Aug) → 0.19 (Sep) → 0.20 (Oct) → 0.14 (Nov) → 0.14 (Dec) → 0.14 (Jan 2015) → 0.15 (Feb)

Land prices by region

(Percentage change from previous period)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Annual Q3 Nationwide

-0.31

0.96 1.05

1.17

0.87

Q4 Annual Q2

Q3

2014 Q4

Oct

Nov Dec

2015 Jan

1.14 0.10 0.46 1.96 0.48 0.49 0.53 0.20 0.16 0.17 0.14

Seoul

-1.00

1.40 0.53

0.97

0.33

1.21 0.08 0.61 2.66 0.59 0.69 0.67 0.29 0.20 0.18 0.17

Gyeonggi

-0.26

1.22 1.49

1.47

0.97

0.91 0.07 0.34 1.24 0.37 0.27 0.33 0.12 0.10 0.11 0.11

Incheon

1.37

1.99 1.43

0.66

0.36

0.87 0.07 0.23 1.35 0.25 0.32 0.40 0.15 0.08 0.16 0.12

Source: Korea Appraisal Board

38

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

Land prices rose 0.15 percent in areas excluding the Seoul metropolitan area, which include Busan (up 0.19%), and Daegu (up 0.26%).

Land price increase in areas excluding Seoul metropolitan area (m-o-m, %) 0.20 (Jul 2014) → 0.15 (Aug) → 0.18 (Sep) → 0.20 (Oct) → 0.18 (Nov) → 0.20 (Dec) → 0.15 (Jan 2015) → 0.15 (Feb)

Land and consumer prices since 1970s 60

Source: Korea Appraisal Board

(y‐o‐y, %)

50 40 30 20 10 0 -10 -20 1974

1978

1982

1986

1990

1994

1998

2002

2006

2010

Land price inflation

2014

Consumer price inflation

There were 199,000 land transactions in February, down 9.4 percent from the previous month and down 3.1 percent from 205,000 a year earlier.

Although land transactions rose in Seoul (up 3.5%, m-o-m) and Incheon (up 2.3%, m-o-m), transactions declined nationwide, led by Ulsan (down 30.3%, m-o-m), Sejong (down 50.6%, m-o-m) and North Gyeongsang Province (down 24.2%, m-o-m).

Vacant land transactions, which accounted for 35.0 percent of the total land transactions, fell 16.0 percent month-on-month to 69,000 and was down 9.9 percent from 77,000 a year earlier.

Land transaction volume 500,000

Source: Korea Appraisal Board

(thousand m²)

400,000

300,000

200,000

100,000

0 2004.1

2005.1

Seoul metropolitan area

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Areas excluding Seoul metropolitan area

39

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Land transactions Nationwide Seoul Gyeonggi Incheon

(Land lots, thousands)

2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 Annual1 Annual1 Annual1 Annual1 Annual1 Annual1 Nov Dec Annual1 208 203 187 208 170 187 201 236 220 26 22 16 18 13 17 19 22 22 45 46 41 43 33 37 41 50 46 13 10 8 10 8 8 9 9 10

Jun Jul 199 219 18 21 39 45 9 8

2014 2015 Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb 204 214 258 228 257 219 199 21 23 29 25 23 20 21 42 46 57 50 53 45 43 9 10 13 11 9 8 8

1. Monthly average Source: Korea Land & Housing Corporation

13. Composite indices of business cycle indicators Industrial output in February rose 2.5 percent month-on-month and 0.8 percent year-on-year. Output rose in all industries, which include mining & manufacturing (up 2.6%, m-o-m), construction (up 4.5%, m-o-m), services (up 1.6%, m-o-m) and public administration (up 7.5%, m-o-m).

Index of all industry production 20

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

(%)

15 10 5 0 -5 -10 -15 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

Index of all industry production (m-o-m)

Index of all industry production (m-o-m, %) (y-o-y, %) Coincident composite index (2010=100) (m-o-m, %) Cyclical indicator of coincident composite index (m-o-m, p) Leading composite index (2010=100) (m-o-m, %) Cyclical indicator of leading composite index (m-o-m, p) 1. Preliminary

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

Index of all industry production(y-o-y)

Jul 0.4 2.8 120.8 0.5 100.2 0.1 121.1 0.5 99.8 0.1

Aug -0.6 0.6 121.5 0.6 100.4 0.2 122.4 1.1 100.4 0.6

2014 Sep Oct -0.7 0.4 1.8 0.2 121.8 121.9 0.2 0.1 100.2 99.9 -0.2 -0.3 123.6 124.4 1.0 0.6 101.0 101.2 0.6 0.2

2015 Nov -0.1 -0.5 122.2 0.2 99.8 -0.1 124.9 0.5 101.1 -0.1

Dec1 1.3 2.1 123.1 0.7 100.1 0.3 125.9 0.7 101.5 0.4

Jan1 -2.0 0.4 123.6 0.4 100.2 0.1 127.8 1.5 102.5 1.0

Feb1 2.5 0.8 124.5 0.7 100.5 0.3 129.1 1.0 103.1 0.6

40

The Green Book : Current Economic Trends

The cyclical indicator of the coincident composite index was up for the third consecutive month in February, rising 0.3 points from the previous month. Most components of the coincident composite index rose.

Components of the coincident composite index in February (m-o-m) mining & manufacturing production (0.7%), service output (0.3%), value of construction completed (3.2%), retail sales (0.5%), domestic shipments (1.1%), nonfarm payroll employment (0.2%), imports (0.0%)

Cyclical indicator of coincident composite index 110

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

(points)

100

90 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

The cyclical indicator of the leading composite index rose 0.6 points. Four components of the leading composite index declined, while five others either rose or remained unchanged from the previous month.

Components of the leading composite index in February (m-o-m) consumer expectations index (0.2p), value of construction orders received (9.0%), ratio of export to import prices (1.6%), international commodity prices (5.8%), KOSPI (0.0%), inventory circulation indicator (-0.7%p), domestic shipments of machinery (-0.9%), ratio of job openings to job seekers (-1.4%p), spreads between long & short term interest rates (-0.04%p)

Cyclical indicator of leading composite index 110

Source: Statistics Korea (industrial activity trends)

(points)

100

90 2004.1

2005.1

2006.1

2007.1

2008.1

2009.1

2010.1

2011.1

2012.1

2013.1

2014.1

2015.1

41

ECONOMIC ECONOMICBULLETIN BULLETIN••april Feb 2015

PPP Boosting Measures Announced to Effectively Utilize Private Capital Government to Promote Bio-technology as a Future Growth Engine

Policy Issues

42

Policy Issues

PPP Boosting Measures Announced to Effectively Utilize Private Capital

The government announced public-private partnership (PPP) boosting measures on April 8 at the 7 th Ministerial Meeting on the Economy. The measures aim to provide safe investment opportunities for idle capital in the market and stimulate economic growth by effectively utilizing available capital.

PPP boosting measures 1. Introduce improved types of PPP - U ntil now, two major types of PPP were BuildTransfer-Operate (BTO)1, where private investors take on most of the risk, and Build-Transfer-Lease (BTL)2, where the government assumes most of the risk.

- Introduce improved types of PPP, BTO-rs (BuildTransfer-Operate-risk sharing)3 and BTO-a (BuildTransfer-Operate-adjusted)4, where risk is more equitably shared between the government and private actors.

- Develop a total of 7 trillion won worth of BTO-rs or BTO-a PPP projects.

2. Streamline regulations - Construction companies to be exempt from a largest shareholder status in special purpose corporations (SPC) for PPP, which will encourage large construction companies to invest in PPP projects by removing the regulatory disadvantages of being the largest shareholder.

- Streamline processes required to make PPP proposals by the private sector: easing document requirements and the minimum capital ratio requirement.5 - Introduce a fast-track to reduce deliberation time between the government and the private sector, which will save up to 15 months, from 40 months to 25 months, before making contracts for road construction.

- Revise all existing time-consuming processes, which will save up to around 1 year before the completion of road construction.

43

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

3. Prioritize the private sector and revise the PPP Act

5. Reform the minimum revenue guarantee (MRG) system

- A total of 1.8 trillion won6 worth of fiscal projects to be financed by the private sector per year.

- M RG will be determined through negotiations between the facilities operator and the government.

- Pass the PPP law revision in the first half of 2015 to allow the private sector to participate in building government complexes, where government offices, community facilities, and commercial properties are located.

4. Promote supplementary projects and provide tax incentives - T he private sector is less enthusiastic about supplementary projects because they are riskier than primary projects and because it is difficult to attain the same returns.

6. Shorten project timelines - S horten project completion timelines by 3-18 months compared to the original schedule for PPP projects worth approximately 13 trillion won in total. Twelve unfinished projects are being targeted: 6 road development projects, 2 railway construction projects, 3 metropolitan railway construction projects, and 1 tourism complex development project.

7. Establish a committee for boosting PPP

- Promote supplementary projects, including roadside shopping malls and parking facilities, by setting a special earnings rate and giving compensation in the event of unavoidable project termination.

- Establish a committee for boosting PPP chaired by the 2nd Vice Minister of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance to continuously monitor the implementation of the PPP Boosting Measures.

- Apply special low corporate tax and VAT rates to the SPCs: a corporate tax exemption for corporate reserves for debt repayment and an extension of a zero VAT rate for the SPCs beyond the initial sunset date in December 2015.

- The committee will have the following responsibilities: monitor the creation and development of new types of PPP, shorten project timelines for existing PPP projects, develop measures to resolve bottleneck issues, and improve the MRG system.

1) Build-Transfer-Operate (BTO) refers to PPP projects where ownership is transferred to the government and the private sector operates facilities after completing construction.

2) Build-Transfer-Lease (BTL) refers to PPP projects where ownership is transferred to the government upon completion of construction and the private sector is granted the right to operate them and receive government payments based on performance.

3) BTO-rs refers to PPP projects where infrastructure investment and operating cost are shared (e.g. 50:50) 4) BTO-a refers to PPP projects where the government reduces business risk and lowers user fees by providing a portion (e.g. 70% of construction cost) of the investment and operating cost.

5) From 20 percent to 15 percent for Build-Transfer-Operate PPP projects.

6) Investment allowed for BTO PPP projects, of the total of 20 trillion won annual SOC budgets

44

Policy Issues

Government to Promote Bio-technology as a Future Growth Engine

The government unveiled the Plan to Promote Biotechnology on March 17, a strategy to develop at least 5 innovative biomedical products by 2017. To this end, a total of 340 billion won worth of government investment will be made in 2015.

Current state of Korea’s biomedical industry

Global biomedical market

Furthermore, the biomedical industry has been growing fast in Korea. The ratio of biomedical venture capitalization to the total KOSDAQ capitalization increased 3.8 fold over the last 11 years, from 3.6 percent in 2004 to 13.7 percent in 2014, and biomedical venture investment was the largest among venture investments made in 2014 (with investments worth 253.9 billion won compared with 170.5 billion won in IT manufacturing and 148.3 billion won in IT services).

The global market for biomedical products is expected to grow bigger than the combined size of the semiconductor, chemical and automobile markets after 2024, which are Korea’s major export items.

Biomedical product market forecast (US $ trillion) 1.4 (2014) → 2.6 (2024) Semiconductors, chemicals and automobile market forecast (US $ trillion) 1.6 (2014) → 2.6 (2024) Currently, stem cell-based and gene-based treatments are in the initial stages of development, which means anyone who first succeeds in product development can become a market leader.

Korea has succeeded in commercializing 4 out of 5 stem cell-based treatments, the most for a single country, and ranks second in the number of clinical trials conducted.

The plan Four related government ministries (Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning, Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy, Ministry of Energy and Welfare, Ministry of Food and Drug Safety) as well as public research institutes worked together to

45

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

devise the Plan to Promote Bio-technology, which not only covers the overall process from planning to budgeting to general support, but also specifies stageby-stage support. According to the plan, the government will offer needed support beginning with the R&D stage and moving on to clinical trials, production and export. The government will spend 340 billion won in support of the plan.

R&D - government support worth 18 billion won in 2015 and a total of 50 billion won by the end of 2017 in order to provide packaged support from selecting new items to new technology development to clinical trials to commercialization, in addition to development support for promising stem cell- or gene-based treatments for incurable diseases Clinical trials - increase the clinical trial support fund from 77.5 billion won in 2014 to 110.5 billion won in 2015 by utilizing public-private joint funds in order to support overseas clinical trials, develop a guideline (best practice) for achieving approval from the US FDA, and secure ‘automatic approval’ status in more emerging countries, which grants

permission to sell Korean medicine without a certification process in those countries Human capital - provide customized support to train as many as 2,000 translational researchers by the end of 2017, offer training in new technologies, such as bioinformatics, based on insight from industry surveys and a training system jointly developed by industries, universities and research institutes Exports - provide one-on-one consulting services as well as information on markets, clinical trials, license and approval processes, regulations and prices via virtual export support centers, and use Creative Economy Innovation Centers to promote joint activities related to product development and PR between large corporations and small- and medium-sized enterprises The government will closely monitor the implementation of the plan, and the Economic Innovation Cooperation Task Force will conduct a quarterly review of the progress. Plans to promote medical equipment and medical service industries will be developed this year.

A participant examines a robotic intervention system at Bio Korea 2015, an international biomedical conference held at COEX in Seoul on April 8-10.

46

Policy Issues

Playing a Crucial Role in Regional Economic Integration through FTAs Interview with Kim Hak-do, Director General for FTA Negotiations at the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy

Featured Issue

47

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Playing a Crucial Role in Regional Economic Integration through FTAs Interview with Kim Hak-do, Director General for FTA Negotiations at the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy

Korea has signed free trade deals with major economies, starting with the Korea-Chile Free Trade Agreement (FTA) in 2004. Could you briefly explain Korea’s accomplishments in free trade talks over the last 10 years?

Korea has established FTA networks with large economies over a short period of time. Korea is the only major trade nation to have signed an FTA with the world’s three biggest economies—the US, EU and China. The trade deals have had a positive effect on the Korean economy, such as creating new export markets, attracting investment and accelerating structural reform. According to the Korea Institute for International Economic Policy (KIEP), in 2013 additional growth generated by the FTAs contributed to 40 percent of the nation’s economic growth rate.

FTAs have revitalized the economy and boosted growth after the 2008 global financial crisis.

48

Featured Issue

How are Korean businesses taking advantage of the FTAs? Even more important than signing the FTAs is making sure that businesses benefit from them, and that they create more jobs and revitalize the economy. Through publicity efforts and consultation services, the government has been seeking to encourage companies to take advantage of the FTAs. As a result, the FTA utilization rate by Korean businesses has been gradually increasing, reaching 69 percent as of December 2014. However, the utilization rate among small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) is rather low (59.0%) compared to large corporations (80.5%), as the SMEs lack the capacity to deal with complicated rules of origin. The government is providing support to SMEs to help them make better use of the FTAs.

Why is the utilization rate for FTAs with the EU, Chile and Peru high while the utilization rate for FTAs with the ASEAN and India is low?

The extent of tariff eliminations is low in free trade deals with the ASEAN and India. Also, unfair administrative practices make it difficult for companies to take advantage of the FTAs with those countries. To address these challenges, the government will demand changes to unfair practices and lower tariffs. In addition, the government will support companies seeking to enter markets that have been difficult to access.

FTA utilization rate (as of Dec 2014) Peru 90.5%

EU 85.3%

Chile 80.5%

EFTA 79.6%

US 76.2%

Turkey 72.7%

India 56.3%

ASEAN 37.0%

Korea and China have recently reached an agreement on a trade deal. How would a Korea-China FTA affect the economy?

The Korea-China FTA has yet to be formerly signed and ratified by the National Assembly. The government plans for the FTA to take effect within the year, after gathering opinions from interest groups and fine-tuning the details. Once the deal enters into effect, Korea will gain access to a huge economy that is growing at an annual rate of 7 percent and has a population of 1.3 billion. Also, nontariff barriers will be removed.

What is the future of free trade in Korea?

Korea has already sealed free trade deals with the world’s leading economies. Now it is time to use the FTAs to further integrate the regional economy, and to address mega-FTAs such as the TransPacific Partnership (TPP) and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP).

The government will work hard to create promising markets for Korean businesses, and help SMEs benefit from FTAs.

The original version of this interview appears on the April 2015 issue of Narakyungje, a monthly magazine on economic policies published by KDI.

49

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

Results of 2015 IDB-IIC Annual Meeting Korea to Join AIIB Korea to Provide US $1 Billion to Latin America for Development Government to Move Up 3 Trillion Won of Spending to First Half Guidelines for FY 2016 Budget and Public Funds Management Korea Signs FTA with New Zealand Korea Grows 3.3% in 2014 (Preliminary)

Economic News Briefing

50

Economic News Briefing

Results of 2015 IDB-IIC Annual Meeting The 2015 IDB-IIC Annual Meeting of the Boards of Governors took place in Busan on March 26-29, where participants agreed on the revision of private sector operation and the bank’s mid- to long-term strategies.

The meeting agreed to strengthen private sector operation by establishing ‘NewCo’, which will utilize US $725 million of capital transfer from the InterAmerican Investment Corporation (IIC) and US $1.35 billion contributed by IIC member countries. The strengthened private sector operation is expected to open a new era for Latin American economic development.

The meeting also produced an agreement to revise the bank’s 2010-2020 strategy for inclusive growth, sustainable innovation and regional economic integration.

Deputy Prime Minister Choi Kyung-Hwan will assume the position of IDB-IIC boards of governors chair for one year, and devise an action plan and develop performance indicators. Furthermore, the meeting agreed on a US $200 million worth of donation to Haiti, and approved the 2014 annual report and financial statements.

Korea to Join AIIB On March 27, Korea decided to apply to join the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) as a prospective founding member and informed the Chinese authorities of this decision. According to the Ministry of Strategy and Finance, the AIIB is a regional multilateral development bank that will effectively channel infrastructure investment into the region to facilitate sustainable growth and social development. The Ministry stated that the government will continue working in close

The national flags of countries participating in the 2015 IDB-IIC Annual Meeting of the Boards of Governors flutter in the wind on March 23 in front of BEXCO, the main venue of the event.

cooperation with major allies to ensure that the AIIB satisfies the highest standards for accountability, transparency, and governance in order to drive economic development in Asia and beyond.

Korea to Provide US $1 Billion to Latin America for Development The government announced on March 28 that it will provide financing worth US $1.1 billion to Latin America, through an Economic Development Cooperation Fund (EDCF) worth US $500 million, export financing worth US $500 million and US $100 million in joint financing with the Inter-American Development Bank (IDB). The US $100 million in joint financing raised by the Korean government and the IDB will be used to provide loans to infrastructure development projects in Latin America until February 2017.

Government to Move Up 3 Trillion Won of Spending to First Half The government is planning to move up 3 trillion won worth of spending to the first half of the year as part of

51

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

an effort to accelerate the nation’s economic recovery: 2 trillion won from the annual budget and the remaining 1 trillion won from the leftover of a 46 trillion won economic stimulus package launched last year. In addition, a total of 7 trillion won is expected to be invested in the private sector: 1.4 trillion won by public institutions, 5 trillion won through corporate investment boosting measures and 500 billion won in projects that were suspended due to tight regulations.

the future by strategically using fiscal resources as well as to strengthen fiscal soundness by implementing fiscal reforms. Central government ministries, local governments, and public institutions are required to use these guidelines when drafting their respective budgets. The 2016 guidelines focus on enhancing growth potential by supporting innovation and creative economy initiatives, continuing to improve the social safety net, and preparing for an aging population and Korean unification.

Guidelines for FY 2016 Budget and Public Funds Management

Korea Signs FTA with New Zealand

Guidelines for the FY 2016 Budget and Public Funds Management were approved at the Cabinet Meeting on April 7. The overarching objectives of the 2016 Guidelines are to revive the economy and prepare for

Korea signed a Free Trade Agreement (FTA) with New Zealand on March 23. Under the trade deal, Korea’s tariffs on 96.4 percent of products from New Zealand will be phased out within the next 15

New Zealand's Minister of Trade Tim Groser (front left) and Korea's Minister of Trade, Industry and Energy Yoon Sang-Jick (front right) shake hands after signing a trade agreement as Prime Minister John Key and President Park Geun-hye look on at Cheongwadae on March 23.

52

Economic News Briefing

years after the deal goes into effect, while New Zealand will remove tariffs on all Korean goods within seven years of the deal taking effect. Tariffs on washing machines and tires will be lifted immediately, while tariffs on automobile parts, construction machinery and trucks will be removed over the next three years. Meanwhile, 199 sensitive items were excluded from the deal, mostly agricultural products such as rice, apples, pears and garlic.New Zealand is Korea’s 40th largest trading partner, with trade between the two countries totaling US $3.26 billion in 2014.

manufacturing and services improved compared to the previous year.

On the production side, manufacturing expanded 4.0 percent in 2014, up from 3.6 percent in 2013. Services grew 3.1 percent, up from 2.9 percent in the previous year. Construction growth slowed from 3.0 percent in 2013 to 0.6 percent last year, as civil engineering works contracted 5.3 percent.

Korea Grows 3.3% in 2014 (Preliminary)

On the expenditure side, private and government consumption increased 1.8 percent and 2.8 percent, respectively. Construction investment rose 1.0 percent, while facility investment rose 5.8 percent.

Investment in intellectual property was up 4.6 percent. Exports and imports increased 2.8 percent and 2.1 percent each.

Korea’s real gross domestic product (GDP) expanded 3.3 percent in 2014 compared to the previous year. The growth rate in 2014 was up from 2.9 percent in 2013.

Construction growth slowed considerably, but growth in

Per capita real gross national income (GNI) increased from US $26,179 in 2013 to US $28,180 in 2014, and per capita personal gross disposal income (PGDI) rose from US $14,704 to US $15,786.

GDP by production and expenditure*

GDP Agriculture, forestry & fisheries Manufacturing Construction Services4

(Percentage change from previous period)

2013 Annual

20141 Annual

2.9 3.1

3.3 2.6

20141(seasonally adjusted)2 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4

Q1

1.1 -2.2

3.9 5.6

0.5 -2.0

0.8 2.0

0.3 2.8

20141(original)3 Q2 Q3 3.4 3.3

3.3 1.4

Q4 2.7 1.3

3.6

4.0

2.2

1.1

-0.9

0.0

5.1

5.1

3.3

2.4

3.0

0.6

1.4

0.1

0.9

-3.0

2.1

0.4

1.5

-1.0

2.9

3.1

0.9

0.3

1.2

0.6

3.5

2.7

3.2

3.1

1.9

1.8

0.4

-0.4

0.8

0.5

2.6

1.7

1.5

1.4

Private consumption Government consumption

3.3

2.8

0.1

0.6

2.1

0.2

3.0

1.6

3.6

3.1

Facility investment

-0.8

5.8

-1.4

1.3

0.2

4.0

7.2

7.7

4.2

4.2

Construction investment

5.5

1.0

5.3

0.5

0.9

-7.8

4.1

0.2

2.3

-1.5

Intellectual property investment

4.4

4.6

2.0

-0.1

-0.3

-0.5

7.2

7.7

4.9

1.1

Exports Imports GNI

4.3

2.8

1.4

1.3

-1.7

0.4

4.2

3.4

2.2

1.4

1.7 3.7

2.1 3.8

-1.1 1.0

1.2 1.0

-0.7 0.2

0.7 0.2

3.2 4.8

2.9 3.5

2.3 3.2

0.1 3.7

*At 2010 chained prices 1. Preliminary 2. Percentage change from the previous quarter 3. Percentage change from the same period of the previous year 4. Wholesale & retail, hotels & restaurants, transportation & storage, communication services, financial & insurance services, real estate & renting, business services, public administration, defense & social security, education services, healthcare & social welfare services, entertainment, cultural & sports services and other services are included.

53

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

01. National accounts 02. Production, shipment and inventory 03. Production capacity and operation ratio 04. Consumer goods sales index 05. Consumer goods shipment index and consumer sentiment index 06. Machinery orders received and estimated facility investment index 07. Value of construction completed and domestic construction orders received 08. Composite indices of business cycle indicators and BSI 09. Balance of payments (I) 10. Balance of payments (II) 11. Prices 12. Employment 13. Financial indicators 14. Monetary indicators 15. Exchange rates

Statistical Appendices

54

Statistical Appendices

1. National accounts (year-on-year change, %, chained 2010 year prices)

Real GDP

Final consumption Agri., fores. & Manufacturing expenditure fisheries

Period

Gross fixed capital formation Construction

Facilities

2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014P

5.2 5.5 2.8 0.7 6.5 3.7 2.3 2.9 3.3

1.6 4.1 5.6 3.2 -4.3 -2.0 -0.9 3.1 2.6

7.7 8.4 3.7 -0.5 13.7 6.5 2.4 3.6 4.0

5.2 5.3 2.2 1.3 4.3 2.7 2.2 2.2 2.0

3.6 5.0 -0.9 0.3 5.5 0.8 -0.5 3.3 3.1

0.7 1.5 -2.7 3.5 -3.7 -3.4 -3.9 5.5 1.0

8.4 9.7 -0.2 -7.7 22.0 4.7 0.1 -0.8 5.8

2006 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

6.3 4.7 2.1 4.8

4.1 -0.2 -1.3 4.2

9.6 7.4 8.2 6.1

5.9 5.1 4.7 5.0

3.0 0.7 4.3 5.9

1.7 -4.1 -0.3 5.4

4.6 8.8 13.5 6.8

2007 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

4.7 5.6 5.1 6.3

1.7 7.0 8.1 -0.6

6.5 8.6 7.4 10.9

5.2 5.6 5.5 5.0

6.6 6.3 2.1 5.2

3.8 2.0 0.0 0.9

10.3 14.2 2.1 12.2

2008 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

5.5 4.1 3.9 -1.6

7.7 4.6 4.3 6.4

8.2 7.1 6.1 -5.3

4.7 3.1 2.4 -1.4

1.8 0.9 2.3 -7.0

-2.0 -0.7 0.2 -7.3

7.0 1.4 5.6 -13.0

2009 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

-1.9 -1.1 0.9 4.8

2.5 0.0 5.0 5.0

-8.4 -5.7 1.6 10.4

-1.9 0.9 1.7 4.5

-5.4 -1.1 0.8 5.8

1.9 4.4 3.1 4.1

-19.4 -13.6 -5.9 9.5

2010 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

7.2 7.4 5.4 6.0

0.0 -2.2 -7.8 -5.7

16.1 17.2 10.1 11.9

6.2 3.6 3.9 3.4

12.0 6.8 3.8 1.2

1.6 -4.8 -4.8 -5.2

27.6 28.8 20.6 12.9

2011 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

4.9 3.6 3.3 3.1

-9.2 -2.4 -5.8 7.0

11.4 6.5 5.6 3.4

3.3 3.3 2.8 1.7

-0.7 2.5 1.7 -0.3

-8.2 -2.5 -2.2 -2.0

8.3 8.3 3.4 -0.9

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

2.6 2.4 2.1 2.1

0.1 -1.8 0.0 -1.3

2.7 2.8 2.0 2.0

2.2 1.3 2.7 2.7

6.2 -2.2 -0.9 -3.6

-0.2 -5.3 -2.6 -6.4

11.0 -1.9 -4.2 -3.8

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

2.1 2.7 3.2 3.5

0.4 2.9 7.4 9.9

2.7 3.6 3.8 4.2

1.5 2.2 2.4 2.6

-3.2 4.3 4.9 6.5

1.3 8.9 7.4 3.5

-12.3 -3.2 2.3 11.6

2014PⅠ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

3.9 3.4 3.3 2.7

7.7 3.4 1.2 1.7

5.1 5.1 3.3 2.4

2.7 1.7 2.0 1.8

5.8 3.3 3.3 0.7

4.1 0.2 2.3 -1.5

7.2 7.7 4.2 4.2

P: Preliminary Source: The Bank of Korea

55

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

2. Production, shipment and inventory (constant prices, 2010=100)

Period

Production index

Shipment index

y-o-y change(%)

Inventory index

y-o-y change(%)

Service production index

y-o-y change(%)

y-o-y change(%)

2012 2013 2014

107.4 108.2 108.2

1.3 0.7 0.0

107.2 108.1 107.9

1.5 0.8 -0.2

125.2 130.7 128.4

4.4 4.4 -1.8

104.8 106.4 108.7

1.6 1.5 2.2

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

106.6 108.9 103.7 110.6

3.9 1.3 -0.3 0.8

106.6 108.4 103.8 109.8

3.1 1.7 0.6 0.5

117.7 114.8 114.5 125.2

12.2 4.6 2.0 4.4

102.0 104.9 104.8 107.6

2.6 1.5 1.6 0.8

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

106.0 109.3 104.3 113.0

-0.6 0.4 0.6 2.2

106.1 109.4 104.5 112.2

-0.5 0.9 0.7 2.2

123.1 119.2 124.5 130.7

4.6 3.8 8.7 4.4

103.2 106.8 105.6 110.0

1.2 1.8 0.8 2.1

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

106.7 109.8 105.5 110.9

0.7 0.5 1.2 -1.9

106.5 109.3 104.8 111.0

0.4 -0.1 0.3 -1.1

130.0 128.9 129.7 128.4

5.6 8.1 4.2 -1.8

105.3 108.4 108.3 112.9

2.0 1.5 2.6 2.6

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

102.0 106.1 111.6 106.8 110.7 109.2 106.0 100.3 104.7 108.8 112.6 110.3

-3.1 15.3 0.9 0.0 3.3 0.7 0.0 -1.3 0.3 -0.8 3.0 0.1

102.8 106.1 111.0 106.2 109.9 109.2 105.2 99.9 106.2 108.2 111.0 110.1

-2.8 13.5 0.1 -0.6 3.7 2.0 1.0 -1.4 1.9 -0.9 2.6 -0.3

119.3 117.4 117.7 116.5 118.2 114.8 115.4 119.3 114.5 116.1 121.3 125.2

14.2 14.1 12.2 10.2 8.8 4.6 3.2 6.5 2.0 0.6 3.1 4.4

100.3 99.9 105.7 102.8 105.9 105.9 104.8 103.9 105.7 104.7 105.5 112.7

0.3 6.2 1.5 0.7 2.4 1.2 1.6 0.8 2.2 0.5 1.5 0.7

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

111.2 97.3 109.6 109.5 110.6 107.8 108.0 103.9 101.1 113.3 112.2 113.4

9.0 -8.3 -1.8 2.5 -0.1 -1.3 1.9 3.6 -3.4 4.1 -0.4 2.8

110.0 98.2 110.2 109.3 110.3 108.6 107.1 104.9 101.4 112.6 111.4 112.6

7.0 -7.4 -0.7 2.9 0.4 -0.5 1.8 5.0 -4.5 4.1 0.4 2.3

128.6 124.6 123.1 120.7 121.7 119.2 124.0 123.5 124.5 126.3 129.1 130.7

7.8 6.1 4.6 3.6 3.0 3.8 7.5 3.5 8.7 8.8 6.4 4.4

102.4 100.4 106.7 105.6 107.7 107.0 105.6 105.7 105.4 107.8 107.4 114.7

2.1 0.5 0.9 2.7 1.6 1.0 0.8 1.7 -0.3 2.9 1.8 1.8

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

106.2 101.0 112.9 112.4 108.4 108.5 112.3 101.2 103.1 109.8 108.3 114.7

-4.5 3.8 3.0 2.6 -2.0 0.6 4.0 -2.6 2.0 -3.1 -3.5 1.1

105.1 101.3 113.1 111.3 108.7 107.8 109.5 101.7 103.2 109.0 109.2 114.9

-4.5 3.2 2.6 1.8 -1.5 -0.7 2.2 -3.1 1.8 -3.2 -2.0 2.0

132.1 129.3 130.0 131.2 130.0 128.9 133.2 130.6 129.7 130.7 129.7 128.4

2.7 3.8 5.6 8.7 6.8 8.1 7.4 5.7 4.2 3.5 0.5 -1.8

104.7 101.8 109.4 106.9 108.8 109.6 108.7 107.9 108.3 110.6 109.8 118.4

2.2 1.4 2.5 1.2 1.0 2.4 2.9 2.1 2.8 2.6 2.2 3.2

2015 1P 2P

108.0 96.3

1.7 -4.7

108.0 96.9

2.8 -4.3

132.6 133.0

0.4 2.9

106.9 104.8

2.1 2.9

P: Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

56

Statistical Appendices

3. Production capacity and operation ratio (year-on-year change, %, chained 2010 year prices)

Period

Production capacity index (2010=100)

Operation ratio index (2010=100)

y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

Average operation ratio (%)

2012 2013 2014

106.9 108.6 110.3

2.1 1.6 1.6

97.5 95.1 94.2

-2.7 -2.5 -0.9

78.6 76.5 76.1

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

106.3 106.7 107.0 107.5

2.7 2.1 1.9 1.8

97.5 101.0 93.2 98.3

-0.3 -2.4 -4.6 -3.5

79.9 79.5 76.6 78.0

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

108.1 108.3 108.8 109.3

1.7 1.5 1.7 1.7

93.7 97.9 90.8 98.3

-3.9 -3.1 -2.6 0.0

77.3 76.1 75.4 77.0

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

109.6 109.9 110.6 111.0

1.4 1.5 1.7 1.6

92.8 96.8 91.5 95.8

-1.0 -1.1 0.8 -2.5

77.1 76.1 76.0 75.1

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

106.2 106.2 106.4 106.6 106.7 106.8 106.7 107.2 107.0 107.3 107.5 107.6

2.9 2.7 2.4 2.1 2.2 2.1 1.8 2.1 1.7 1.4 1.9 1.9

92.5 97.2 102.9 98.9 102.6 101.4 97.2 88.3 94.1 98.1 100.7 96.1

-8.0 11.3 -2.6 -3.6 -0.6 -3.1 -3.5 -6.9 -3.6 -4.6 -1.7 -4.5

79.7 81.8 79.0 79.2 80.1 79.0 78.1 74.4 77.4 77.8 78.4 78.2

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

108.0 108.1 108.1 108.1 108.3 108.5 108.6 108.9 108.9 109.1 109.2 109.6

1.7 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.8 1.6 1.8 1.7 1.6 1.9

98.9 84.9 97.2 97.9 99.4 96.3 94.6 90.7 87.0 99.7 98.2 96.9

6.9 -12.7 -5.5 -1.0 -3.1 -5.0 -2.7 2.7 -7.5 1.6 -2.5 0.8

78.8 77.3 75.9 75.8 76.4 76.2 74.7 76.8 74.8 77.0 76.5 77.4

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

109.7 109.5 109.7 109.6 109.9 110.1 110.4 110.7 110.8 110.9 110.9 111.1

1.6 1.3 1.5 1.4 1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6 1.4

91.9 87.5 99.0 99.8 95.6 94.9 98.7 86.8 88.9 95.8 94.1 97.6

-7.1 3.1 1.9 1.9 -3.8 -1.5 4.3 -4.3 2.2 -3.9 -4.2 0.7

77.8 76.3 77.2 77.2 74.9 76.3 77.9 74.7 75.4 74.2 74.6 76.6

2015 1P 2P

111.1 110.9

1.3 1.3

93.0 81.5

1.2 -6.9

74.1 75.5

P: Preliminary Source: The Bank of Korea

57

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

4. Consumer goods sales index (constant prices, 2010=100)

Period

y-o-y change (%)

Consumer goods sales index Durable goods Semi-durable goods y-o-y y-o-y change (%) change (%)

Nondurable goods y-o-y change (%)

2012 2013 2014

107.1 107.9 109.7

2.5 0.7 1.7

116.3 116.6 122.6

5.4 0.3 5.1

103.9 106.1 105.5

-0.3 2.1 -0.6

104.3 104.7 105.5

2.2 0.4 0.8

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

103.5 106.5 106.7 111.8

2.9 1.5 2.9 2.7

109.4 115.0 118.5 122.1

4.0 2.7 6.5 8.4

99.0 105.6 92.4 118.4

0.6 -0.4 -2.2 0.5

102.8 103.0 107.5 104.1

3.3 1.9 3.1 0.8

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

103.8 107.7 107.2 113.0

0.3 1.1 0.5 1.1

111.0 118.2 116.8 120.3

1.5 2.8 -1.4 -1.5

102.1 107.3 94.9 119.9

3.1 1.6 2.7 1.3

101.2 102.9 108.0 106.6

-1.6 -0.1 0.5 2.4

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

106.3 108.6 108.8 115.1

2.4 0.8 1.5 1.9

117.2 121.2 123.4 128.5

5.6 2.5 5.7 6.8

100.3 104.9 96.2 120.5

-1.8 -2.2 1.4 0.5

103.8 104.3 107.5 106.5

2.6 1.4 -0.5 -0.1

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

107.6 97.9 105.1 103.1 110.2 106.2 108.4 102.5 109.3 109.1 111.8 114.5

2.2 5.6 1.2 0.5 2.7 1.3 4.0 1.5 3.1 1.6 4.3 2.2

107.3 107.2 113.8 107.4 117.4 120.1 125.7 114.1 115.8 117.1 123.2 126.0

3.4 9.8 -0.3 1.1 4.4 2.3 7.5 4.1 7.7 8.0 6.6 10.7

104.8 91.9 100.4 104.9 111.4 100.4 97.4 82.2 97.6 114.8 118.9 121.6

-0.1 2.0 0.1 -1.2 0.8 -0.8 1.0 -5.0 -3.0 -2.0 5.2 -1.3

109.0 96.2 103.1 100.3 106.4 102.3 105.2 105.9 111.3 102.9 103.3 106.0

2.6 5.0 2.4 1.0 2.7 1.8 3.3 2.4 3.3 0.2 2.5 -0.3

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

104.6 99.5 107.3 105.4 110.9 106.8 109.2 104.5 107.8 111.3 113.2 114.6

-2.8 1.6 2.1 2.2 0.6 0.6 0.7 2.0 -1.4 2.0 1.3 0.1

112.3 105.9 114.8 115.1 119.7 119.9 127.5 116.2 106.8 120.5 120.2 120.1

4.7 -1.2 0.9 7.2 2.0 -0.2 1.4 1.8 -7.8 2.9 -2.4 -4.7

102.8 93.3 110.2 106.7 113.8 101.3 98.0 86.6 100.1 113.9 123.8 122.1

-1.9 1.5 9.8 1.7 2.2 0.9 0.6 5.4 2.6 -0.8 4.1 0.4

101.7 99.3 102.5 100.3 105.5 103.0 105.6 106.8 111.6 105.8 105.3 108.8

-6.7 3.2 -0.6 0.0 -0.8 0.7 0.4 0.8 0.3 2.8 1.9 2.6

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

110.4 99.1 109.3 105.6 112.1 108.1 109.9 107.1 109.3 111.1 114.3 119.9

5.5 -0.4 1.9 0.2 1.1 1.2 0.6 2.5 1.4 -0.2 1.0 4.6

116.1 116.9 118.5 114.2 121.8 127.5 131.1 118.5 120.5 118.9 128.7 138.1

3.4 10.4 3.2 -0.8 1.8 6.3 2.8 2.0 12.8 -1.3 7.1 15.0

100.7 92.0 108.2 105.8 111.8 97.2 95.7 91.5 101.5 116.0 120.6 124.7

-2.0 -1.4 -1.8 -0.8 -1.8 -4.0 -2.3 5.7 1.4 1.8 -2.6 2.1

111.9 93.9 105.5 101.5 107.7 103.7 106.3 108.6 107.5 105.4 104.9 109.3

10.0 -5.4 2.9 1.2 2.1 0.7 0.7 1.7 -3.7 -0.4 -0.4 0.5

2015 1P 2P

107.2 104.6

-2.9 5.5

128.0 117.2

10.2 0.3

97.5 92.6

-3.2 0.7

101.8 104.0

-9.0 10.8

P: Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

58

Statistical Appendices

5. Consumer goods shipment index and consumer sentiment index Domestic consumer goods shipment index (2010=100) Durable goods Nondurable goods y-o-y y-o-y y-o-y change (%) change (%) change (%)

Period

Consumer sentiment index

2012 2013 2014

102.5 102.2 101.8

1.6 -0.3 -0.4

102.8 103.4 102.6

2.5 0.6 -0.8

102.4 101.7 101.5

1.2 -0.7 -0.2

-

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

100.8 99.9 103.5 106.0

-0.2 2.0 2.0 2.6

97.8 99.1 102.5 112.0

-1.7 -1.6 1.6 11.9

102.0 100.2 103.9 103.4

0.4 3.5 2.2 -1.1

-

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

103.0 98.7 102.4 104.7

2.2 -1.2 -1.1 -1.2

108.3 100.9 102.6 101.8

10.7 1.8 0.1 -9.1

100.8 97.7 102.3 105.9

-1.2 -2.5 -1.5 2.4

-

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

100.7 100.3 102.4 103.9

-2.2 1.6 0.0 -0.8

103.4 103.0 100.9 103.2

-4.5 2.1 -1.7 1.4

99.5 99.2 103.0 104.2

-1.3 1.5 0.7 -1.6

-

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

100.6 98.6 103.1 99.2 101.6 98.9 102.8 101.5 106.1 106.6 105.7 105.7

-7.0 10.9 -2.6 0.9 5.9 -0.6 2.4 -0.8 4.3 1.7 4.7 1.5

92.5 98.3 102.5 94.1 100.4 102.8 105.3 98.4 103.9 108.5 110.9 116.5

-8.3 6.0 -2.4 -3.6 1.2 -2.4 0.7 0.1 4.1 8.0 12.0 15.5

104.0 98.7 103.3 101.3 102.1 97.3 101.8 102.9 107.0 105.7 103.5 101.1

-6.6 13.1 -2.6 2.6 8.0 0.2 3.4 -1.1 4.4 -0.8 1.6 -4.1

98 102 102 106 106 101 100 101 99 100 100 99

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

108.8 96.9 103.3 99.5 99.7 96.9 103.4 104.0 99.7 108.8 102.9 102.3

8.2 -1.7 0.2 0.3 -1.9 -2.0 0.6 2.5 -6.0 2.1 -2.6 -3.2

110.3 106.4 108.1 98.1 101.7 102.8 109.0 103.8 94.9 104.4 103.1 97.8

19.2 8.2 5.5 4.3 1.3 0.0 3.5 5.5 -8.7 -3.8 -7.0 -16.1

108.1 92.9 101.3 100.0 98.8 94.4 101.1 104.2 101.7 110.7 102.8 104.2

3.9 -5.9 -1.9 -1.3 -3.2 -3.0 -0.7 1.3 -5.0 4.7 -0.7 3.1

102 102 104 102 104 105 105 105 102 106 107 107

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

102.4 96.6 103.0 101.7 99.8 99.5 104.8 100.2 102.2 105.0 100.9 105.8

-5.9 -0.3 -0.3 2.2 0.1 2.7 1.4 -3.7 2.5 -3.5 -1.9 3.4

99.9 106.7 103.6 97.9 103.4 107.7 107.6 95.0 100.1 99.8 102.9 106.8

-9.4 0.3 -4.2 -0.2 1.7 4.8 -1.3 -8.5 5.5 -4.4 -0.2 9.2

103.4 92.3 102.8 103.3 98.2 96.1 103.7 102.4 103.0 107.3 100.0 105.4

-4.3 -0.6 1.5 3.3 -0.6 1.8 2.6 -1.7 1.3 -3.1 -2.7 1.2

109 108 108 108 105 107 105 107 107 105 103 101

2015 1P 2P 3

105.1 96.1 -

2.6 -0.5 -

102.3 93.7 -

2.4 -12.2 -

106.3 97.1 -

2.8 5.2 -

102 103 101

P: Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

59

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

6. Machinery orders received and estimated facility investment index Domestic machinery orders received excluding ship (billion won, constant value) Total Public Private Estimated facility investment index y-o-y y-o-y y-o-y y-o-y change (%) (2010=100) change (%) change (%) change (%)

Period 2012 2013 2014

21,648 23,078 26,485

-13.9 6.6 14.8

2,142 2,580 5,012

-11.0 20.5 94.2

19,506 20,497 21,473

-14.2 5.1 4.8

100.6 99.8 105.0

-2.8 -0.8 5.2

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

6,310 5,391 5,036 4,910

-1.1 -19.8 -11.1 -23.0

810 285 579 468

126.1 -59.7 86.7 -54.6

5,500 5,106 4,458 4,442

-8.7 -15.1 -16.8 -16.9

105.0 104.8 96.2 96.4

8.2 -4.2 -7.9 -6.4

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

5,587 5,865 5,144 6,481

-11.5 8.8 2.1 32.0

429 554 522 1,075

-47.0 94.2 -9.7 129.7

5,158 5,311 4,622 5,406

-6.2 4.0 3.7 21.7

91.7 101.1 99.3 107.0

-12.7 -3.5 3.2 11.0

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

6,624 6,099 7,687 6,075

18.5 4.0 49.4 -6.3

1,221 305 2,708 778

184.6 -45.0 418.5 -27.6

5,403 5,794 4,979 5,297

4.7 9.1 7.7 -2.0

98.6 107.9 100.8 112.8

7.5 6.7 1.5 5.4

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1,933 2,541 1,836 1,845 1,830 1,716 1,835 1,509 1,693 1,511 1,656 1,743

-0.8 25.1 -23.6 -4.4 -14.4 -35.4 -9.4 -14.2 -10 -22.5 -27.8 -18.3

52 695 63 56 39 190 310 169 100 86 127 255

-22.2 829.0 -70.9 -10.3 -72.8 -62.2 135.5 105.9 3.5 -72.3 -75.8 31.2

1,881 1,846 1,773 1,789 1,791 1,526 1,525 1,339 1,593 1,425 1,529 1,488

0.0 -5.7 -18.9 -4.3 -10.2 -29.1 -19.5 -20.1 -10.7 -13.1 -13.5 -23.3

97.7 109.1 108.2 106.2 105.8 102.3 105.4 90.1 93.1 94.5 92.4 102.2

5.6 26.4 -3.5 3.0 -4.9 -10.2 -1.6 -16.5 -5.5 1.1 -10 -9.3

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1,844 1,666 2,078 1,846 2,127 1,893 1,934 1,622 1,588 2,604 2,094 1,783

-4.6 -34.5 13.2 0.0 16.2 10.3 5.4 7.5 -6.2 72.3 26.5 2.3

139 168 121 92 250 212 359 92 71 788 163 124

169.8 -75.8 92.2 63.8 542.9 11.5 15.8 -45.5 -28.5 815.5 28.2 -51.4

1,704 1,497 1,957 1,753 1,877 1,681 1,575 1,530 1,517 1,816 1,931 1,659

-9.4 -18.9 10.4 -2.0 4.8 10.2 3.3 14.2 -4.8 27.4 26.3 11.5

90.1 83.9 101.0 98.7 102.1 102.5 108.4 100.6 88.8 109.6 101.9 109.4

-7.8 -23.1 -6.7 -7.1 -3.5 0.2 2.8 11.7 -4.6 16.0 10.3 7.0

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

1,748 1,847 3,029 2,276 1,826 1,997 1,779 4,090 1,818 1,932 2,303 1,840

-5.2 10.9 45.8 23.3 -14.1 5.5 -8.0 152.2 14.5 -25.8 10.0 3.2

88 120 1,013 97 116 92 89 2,541 79 211 428 139

-36.9 -28.8 735.6 5.1 -53.4 -56.7 -75.3 2,653.2 10.6 -73.2 162.6 12.5

1,660 1,727 2,016 2,179 1,709 1,906 1,690 1,549 1,739 1,722 1,874 1,701

-2.6 15.3 3.0 24.3 -8.9 13.4 7.3 1.3 14.7 -5.2 -2.9 2.5

90.3 95.6 109.8 110.6 108.3 104.9 111.4 90.7 100.2 99.8 112.5 126.0

0.2 13.9 8.7 12.1 6.1 2.3 2.8 -9.8 12.8 -8.9 10.4 15.2

2015 1P 2P

2,327 1,873

33.1 1.4

116 131

32.0 9.5

2,211 1,741

33.2 0.8

103.0 99.0

14.1 3.6

P: Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

60

Statistical Appendices

7. Value of construction completed and domestic construction orders received Period

Type of order Type of order Domestic Value of construction construction Public Private Public Private orders y-o-y completed y-o-y received change (%) y-o-y y-o-y y-o-y y-o-y (Total) change (%) change (%) change (%) change (%) change (%) (Total)

2012 2013 2014

88,713 98,089 98,465

-3.3 10.6 0.4

33,807 34,459 32,004

-3.7 1.9 -7.1

50,622 59,714 62,403

-2.0 18.0 4.5

89,395 77,885 89,833

-6.2 -12.9 15.3

26,071 24,736 26,497

-8.9 -5.1 7.1

59,811 50,947 61,321

-3.3 -14.8 20.4

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

19,275 22,410 21,351 25,676

0.0 -6.8 -0.3 -4.8

7,442 8,892 7,598 9,876

1.6 -4.3 -1.1 -8.8

10,893 12,440 12,676 14,613

-1.2 -6.7 0.6 -0.6

22,671 25,732 18,395 22,596

38.8 1.6 -10.0 -32.0

5,655 5,570 5,401 9,443

37.3 -11.7 -19.5 -17.8

16,309 19,100 12,522 11,877

46.8 8.2 -2.7 -41.2

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

20,178 25,760 23,718 28,732

4.7 14.9 11.1 10.7

6,998 9,318 8,058 10,085

-6.0 4.8 6.0 2.1

12,415 15,455 14,739 17,106

14.0 24.2 16.3 17.1

13,826 18,694 16,833 28,532

-39.0 -27.4 -8.5 26.3

4,292 5,371 4,987 10,086

-24.1 -3.6 -7.7 6.8

9,180 12,636 11,442 17,688

-43.7 -33.8 -8.6 48.9

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

21,675 26,174 23,601 27,016

7.4 1.6 -0.5 -5.0

7,147 8,706 7,243 8,909

2.1 -6.6 -10.1 -11.7

13,676 16,512 15,360 16,855

10.2 6.8 4.2 -1.5

15,972 23,436 24,035 26,390

15.5 25.4 42.8 -7.5

5,898 6,577 5,190 8,833

37.4 22.5 4.1 -12.4

9,628 16,537 18,175 16,982

4.9 30.9 58.8 -4.0

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

5,796 6,035 7,444 6,844 7,307 8,259 7,037 6,582 7,732 7,343 8,098 10,235

-6.3 13.2 -4.1 -4.5 -1.8 -12.6 4.2 -4.6 -0.5 -7.8 3.0 -8.1

2,123 2,373 2,945 2,644 2,873 3,374 2,372 2,322 2,904 2,591 3,003 4,282

-12.9 17.0 3.1 -3.6 3.0 -10.2 -0.3 -5.6 2.1 -10.7 -5.3 -9.9

3,373 3,405 4,115 3,903 4,106 4,431 4,281 3,943 4,452 4,452 4,773 5,387

-3.3 11.3 -8.2 -4.0 -3.4 -11.8 5.4 -3.8 0.3 -4.7 11.2 -6.0

7,468 8,488 6,714 6,428 7,310 11,993 6,823 5,390 6,181 5,800 7,239 9,556

52.0 108.1 -8.6 -4.2 2.3 4.6 32.3 -28.8 -19.9 -22.6 -19.9 -42.8

2,034 2,218 1,402 1,453 1,061 3,056 2,304 1,316 1,780 1,970 2,105 5,366

54.6 57.5 0.6 1.7 -43.9 2.2 24.2 -12.5 -46.9 -14.9 -29.5 -13.1

5,269 81.4 6,121 144.1 4,918 -13.6 4,461 -3.6 6,133 29.4 8,505 2.7 4,329 39.9 4,032 -30.3 4,161 4.2 3,787 -24.1 4,798 -18.3 3,290 -64.8

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

6,272 6,236 7,670 81,057 81,607 94,947 7,854 7,666 8,199 8,637 9,088 10,708

8.2 3.3 3.0 18.4 11.7 15.0 11.6 16.5 6.0 17.6 12.2 4.6

2,072 2,346 2,581 2,830 2,797 3,691 2,635 2,553 2,870 2,952 3,118 4,015

-2.4 -1.1 -12.4 7.0 -2.7 9.4 11.1 10.0 -1.2 13.9 3.8 -6.2

3,962 3,662 4,790 4,978 5,088 5,389 4,908 4,827 5,004 5,344 5,635 6,126

17.4 7.5 16.4 27.5 23.9 21.6 14.7 22.4 12.4 20.0 18.1 13.7

3,557 4,723 5,546 5,151 6,221 7,321 5,775 4,690 6,368 7,751 8,083 12,698

-52.4 -44.4 -17.4 -19.9 -14.9 -39.0 -15.4 -13.0 3.0 33.6 11.6 32.9

1,300 1,281 1,711 1,565 1,564 2,241 1,493 1,474 2,021 1,518 2,664 5,904

-36.1 -42.3 21.9 7.7 47.4 -26.7 -35.2 12.0 13.5 -23.0 26.5 10.0

2,109 3,290 3,781 3,160 4,537 4,940 4,148 3,172 4,122 6,144 5,204 6,340

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

7,057 6,665 7,953 8,476 8,191 9,506 7,914 7,721 7,966 8,239 8,339 10,438

12.5 6.9 3.7 4.6 0.4 0.1 0.8 0.7 -2.8 -4.6 -8.2 -2.5

2,314 2,207 2,626 2,740 2,584 3,382 2,429 2,324 2,491 2,532 2,673 3,704

11.7 -6.0 1.8 -3.2 -7.6 -8.4 -7.8 -9.0 -13.2 -14.2 -14.3 -7.8

4,452 4,237 4,987 5,458 5,316 5,737 5,149 5,112 5,099 5,369 5,293 6,194

12.4 15.7 4.1 9.6 4.5 6.5 4.9 5.9 1.9 0.5 -6.1 1.1

5,528 5,549 4,895 7,359 6,834 9,243 6,969 8,688 8,377 7,755 6,427 12,209

55.4 17.5 -11.7 42.9 9.9 26.2 20.7 85.2 31.6 0.0 -20.5 -3.9

2,034 2,241 1,623 1,894 2,000 2,682 1,533 1,628 2,029 1,416 1,895 5,522

56.4 75.0 -5.1 21.0 27.8 19.7 2.7 10.5 0.4 -6.7 -28.9 -6.5

3,305 56.7 3,158 -4.0 3,165 -16.3 5,454 72.6 4,767 5.1 6,316 27.8 5,298 27.7 6,849 115.9 6,029 46.3 6,157 0.2 4,415 -15.2 6,410 1.1

2015 1P 2P

6,775 6,665

-4.0 0.0

1,992 2,073

-13.9 -6.0

4,565 4,370

2.5 3.1

7,216 5,329

30.5 -4.0

1,297 1,126

-36.2 -49.7

5,882 4,084

P: Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

-60.0 -46.3 -23.1 -29.2 -26.0 -41.9 -4.2 -21.3 -0.9 62.2 8.5 92.7

78.0 29.3

61

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

8. Composite indexes of business cycle indicators and BSI Period

Leading index (2010=100)

Cyclical indicator of leading index (2010=100)

Cyclical Coincident index indicator of (2010=100) coincident index (2010=100)

BSI (results)

BSI (prospects)

2011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

101.5 101.7 101.8 101.4 101.7 102.2 102.8 103.0 103.1 103.3 103.5 103.8

101.0 100.7 100.3 99.5 99.4 99.4 99.5 99.2 99.0 98.7 98.4 98.3

103.5 103.5 104.0 104.0 104.9 105.6 106.2 106.7 106.8 107.2 107.3 107.7

101.7 101.4 101.4 101.1 101.5 101.8 101.9 102.0 101.6 101.6 101.2 101.2

99.1 92.2 107.8 98.4 98.9 99.6 96.2 86.8 96.4 95.0 93.0 90.1

101.8 98.0 113.5 99.3 104.3 104.3 101.3 98.9 96.3 101.4 96.4 94.8

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

104.6 105.7 106.2 106.6 106.7 107.8 108.3 108.4 108.1 108.5 109.3 110.1

98.5 99.2 99.1 99.1 98.7 99.3 99.3 98.9 98.2 98.1 98.4 98.7

107.7 108.6 108.8 109.2 109.3 109.7 110.5 110.4 110.8 110.9 111.5 112.1

100.8 101.3 101.0 101.0 100.6 100.7 100.9 100.4 100.4 100.0 100.2 100.3

88.6 92.2 101.4 97.5 95.7 90.4 82.1 84.4 89.3 88.9 82.2 87.0

88.3 91.0 106.1 98.4 104.7 98.3 89.7 82.7 99.5 97.0 92.5 82.0

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

110.4 110.9 111.4 111.9 112.7 113.8 114.5 115.1 115.3 116.2 117.1 118.1

98.5 98.5 98.5 98.6 98.8 99.3 99.5 99.6 99.3 99.6 99.9 100.3

112.4 112.9 113.0 113.6 114.1 114.8 115.2 115.8 116.1 116.8 117.2 117.8

100.2 100.2 99.8 100.0 100.0 100.2 100.2 100.3 100.1 100.3 100.2 100.3

85.0 83.0 101.3 94.1 97.6 95.0 91.1 89.8 93.0 94.7 91.9 90.5

85.7 86.7 104.4 101.5 99.8 97.2 90.7 92.7 94.4 101.1 94.7 92.6

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

118.7 118.9 119.0 119.4 119.8 120.5 121.1 122.4 123.6 124.4 124.9 125.9

100.4 100.2 99.8 99.7 99.6 99.7 99.8 100.4 101.0 101.2 101.1 101.5

118.5 118.9 119.4 119.6 119.8 120.2 120.8 121.5 121.8 121.9 122.2 123.0

100.5 100.5 100.5 100.3 100.1 100.1 100.2 100.4 100.2 99.9 99.8 100.1

89.4 87.0 100.7 95.8 93.0 91.3 90.8 89.0 92.3 93.1 90.0 95.4

93.4 88.7 104.4 99.5 101.7 94.5 94.0 91.6 93.1 100.7 93.6 94.0

2015 1 2 3 4

127.8 129.1 -

102.5 103.1 -

123.6 124.5 -

100.2 100.5 -

94.0 89.4 101.5 -

90.3 92.1 103.7 97.5

Sources: Statistics Korea, The Bank of Korea

62

Statistical Appendices

9. Balance of payments (I) (US $ million)

Period

Current account

Goods

2012 2013 2014

50,835.0 79,883.6 89,220.1

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

Services

Primary income

Secondary income

554,103.2 536,559.0 528,611.3

-5,213.6 -7,927.4 -8,163.4

12,116.7 11,424.8 10,197.7

-5,474.1 -4,182.3 -5,501.8

144,260.1 150,834.0 149,619.5 158,795.6

142,598.6 142,299.0 133,724.9 135,480.7

-2,970.8 172.0 -679.8 -1,735.0

2,045.3 3,942.3 2,972.2 3,156.9

-1,482.0 -1,044.2 -1,300.2 -1,647.7

14,298.0 20,585.3 23,305.7 24,592.0

147,823.3 154,065.9 153,715.8 162,551.9

133,525.3 133,480.6 130,410.1 137,959.9

-2,667.9 647.9 -2,078.5 -2,400.7

1,812.4 1,660.5 2,346.6 3,236.2

-828.2 -546.3 -1,323.4 -1,491.4

15,185.9 24,240.4 22,565.7 27,228.1

17,745.2 26,428.1 21,676.0 26,838.3

152,688.6 159,385.4 153,482.3 155,742.6

134,943.4 132,957.3 131,806.3 128,904.3

-3,503.4 -1,838.7 -904.0 -1,917.3

1,905.8 1,330.9 3,143.5 3,817.5

-961.7 -1,679.9 -1,349.8 -1,510.4

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

-2,151.2 -2,409.5 3,814.7 87.8 5,265.5 6,251.8 8,413.0 1,808.7 6,665.1 7,494.2 8,293.6 7,301.3

-1,727.4 -863.1 4,252.0 -222.9 3,387.9 5,370.0 7,529.7 2,118.1 6,246.8 7,472.8 8,580.9 7,261.2

44,738.1 48,304.2 51,217.8 49,330.2 50,854.0 50,649.8 51,530.7 47,379.6 50,709.2 53,409.2 54,492.4 50,894.0

46,465.5 49,167.3 46,965.8 49,553.1 47,466.1 45,279.8 44,001.0 45,261.5 44,462.4 45,936.4 45,911.5 43,632.8

-1,017.2 -2,018.3 64.7 288.4 545.9 -662.3 110.0 -844.3 54.5 -415.4 -833.9 -485.7

1,243.3 873.2 -71.2 364.5 1,660.1 1,917.7 1,260.7 965.2 746.3 867.8 988.6 1,300.5

-649.9 -401.3 -430.8 -342.2 -328.4 -373.6 -487.4 -430.3 -382.5 -431.0 -442.0 -774.7

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

3,075.6 2,473.1 7,065.6 5,334.6 9,886.4 7,126.4 7,323.2 6,745.6 8,181.6 11,108.9 6,229.9 6,597.3

3,953.0 3,256.4 7,088.6 5,510.6 9,363.1 5,711.6 7,462.2 7,271.4 8,572.1 9,767.8 8,024.8 6,799.4

51,765.7 44,916.0 51,141.6 51,704.7 53,477.3 48,883.9 53,326.3 49,899.2 50,490.3 56,820.8 52,702.3 53,028.8

47,812.7 41,659.6 44,053.0 46,194.1 44,114.2 43,172.3 45,864.1 42,627.8 41,918.2 47,053.0 44,677.5 46,229.4

-1,556.6 -1,144.9 33.6 496.2 -28.7 180.4 -879.0 -869.3 -330.2 405.8 -2,088.9 -717.6

1,169.5 623.3 19.6 -482.0 721.6 1,420.9 1,032.7 665.9 648.0 1,335.7 674.8 1,225.7

-490.3 -261.7 -76.2 -190.2 -169.6 -186.5 -292.7 -322.4 -708.3 -400.4 -380.8 -710.2

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

3,323.7 4,537.5 7,324.7 7,163.1 9,119.2 7,958.1 7,881.7 7,235.1 7,448.9 8,883.2 11,322.1 7,022.8

4,367.0 5,403.4 7,974.8 10,648.0 9,133.5 6,646.6 6,794.4 7,367.3 7,514.3 8,487.1 10,031.4 8,319.8

50,599.8 47,993.3 54,095.5 56,721.4 52,383.0 50,281.0 53,811.7 48,920.1 50,750.5 51,970.8 50,063.0 53,708.8

46,232.8 42,589.9 46,120.7 46,073.4 43,249.5 43,634.4 47,017.3 41,552.8 43,236.2 43,483.7 40,031.6 45,389.0

-1,873.7 -1,020.3 -609.4 -1,004.4 -297.7 -536.6 31.0 -694.3 -240.7 -212.6 -164.6 -1,540.1

1,211.4 371.8 322.6 -1,619.7 725.1 2,225.5 1,488.8 1,048.0 606.7 967.6 1,667.5 1,182.4

-381.0 -217.4 -363.3 -860.8 -441.7 -377.4 -432.5 -485.9 -431.4 -358.9 -212.2 -939.3

2015P 1 2

6,583.0 6,442.2

6,687.0 7,321.2

45,398.8 40,595.3

38,711.8 33,274.1

-2,384.4 -2,061.6

2,900.4 1,401.3

-620.0 -218.7

Exports

Imports

49,406.0 80,568.6 92,687.6

603,509.2 617,127.6 621,298.9

-746.0 11,605.1 16,886.8 23,089.1

1,661.5 8,535.0 15,894.6 23,314.9

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

12,614.3 22,347.4 22,250.4 23,936.1

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

P: Preliminary Source: The Bank of Korea

63

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

10. Balance of payments (II) (US $ million)

Period

Capital & financial account

Direct investment

Portfolio investment

Financial derivatives

Other investment

Capital transfers & acquisition of nonfinancial assets

Reserve assets

2012 2013 2014

-51,582.4 -80,104.6 -90,383.3

-21,136.2 -15,593.2 -20,659.5

6,747.8 -9,344.5 -33,605.3

2,627.8 4,410.3 3,704.9

-26,637.3 -43,281.1 -21,937.9

-41.7 -27.0 -9.0

-13,184.5 -16,296.1 -17,885.5

2012 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

-4,564.4 -4,278.7 -18,096.1 -24,643.2

-7,579.6 -4,057.3 -5,705.4 -3,793.9

14,759.6 -6,803.0 4,177.7 -5,386.5

1,198.5 -270.6 595.3 1,104.6

-6,495.1 6,181.1 -13,247.2 -13,076.1

-19.2 -6.7 -9.0 -6.8

-6,447.8 671.1 -3,916.5 -3,491.3

2013 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

-11,448.7 -19,645.6 -22,675.5 -26,334.8

-3,878.4 -3,397.8 -3,426.8 -4,890.2

-7,285.9 -9,776.5 9,375.4 -1,657.5

1,395.8 -513.6 1,656.3 1,871.8

2,880.2 -10,063.8 -23,611.4 -12,486.1

-2.7 -27.5 12.8 -9.6

-4,560.4 4,106.1 -6,669.0 -9,172.8

2014 Ⅰ Ⅱ Ⅲ Ⅳ

-17177.8 -24,208.1 -22,481.5 -26,515.9

-3,657.7 -7,552.9 -3,908.6 -5,540.3

-13,596.7 -5,867.2 -4,762.4 -9,379.0

892.6 2,083.5 1,531.9 -803.1

6,207.4 -1,701.9 -9,510.4 -16,933.0

-2.1 -4.3 3.6 -6.2

-7,023.4 -11,169.6 -5,832.0 6,139.5

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

-1,295.1 435.0 -3,704.3 1,566.7 -2,645.3 -3,200.1 -9,113.6 -3,219.3 -5,763.2 -7,172.4 -9,211.9 -8,258.9

-2,022.6 -3,631.3 -1,925.7 -1,225.9 -1,687.4 -1,144.0 -1,695.4 -1,719.8 -2,290.2 -1,001.3 -1,599.7 -1,192.9

7,904.1 6,238.0 617.5 -3,114.3 -1,893.6 -1,795.1 1,730.8 646.6 1,800.3 -4,742.4 -3,886.7 3,242.6

452.6 245.8 500.1 215.0 -480.7 -4.9 358.8 -35.5 272.0 -137.8 631.8 610.6

-5,167.1 -190.9 -1,137.1 5,832.0 147.6 201.5 -8,171.9 -1,016.0 -4,059.3 185.2 -1,759.5 -11,501.8

-9.6 -5.8 -3.8 0.3 -1.0 -6.0 -5.5 -1.9 -1.6 -4.9 0.7 -2.6

-2,462.1 -2,226.6 -1,759.1 -140.1 1,268.8 -457.6 -1,335.9 -1,094.6 -1,486.0 -1,476.1 -2,597.8 582.6

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

-2,694.7 -1,707.1 -7,046.9 -2,435.7 -12,288.9 -4,921.0 -9,446.1 -6,236.3 -6,993.1 -10,139.4 -7,433.1 -8,762.3

-802.5 -909.3 -2,166.6 401.3 -2,175.6 -1,623.5 -796.8 -1,157.2 -1,472.8 -340.7 -2,243.9 -2,305.6

-5,964.7 2,149.9 -3,471.1 -2,060.8 -1,642.1 -6,073.6 1,785.8 1,584.1 6,005.5 4,942.8 -1,557.9 -5,042.4

579.6 651.0 165.2 -301.1 719.1 -931.6 431.4 210.0 1,014.9 805.3 466.9 599.6

4,123.7 -1,158.3 -85.2 -1,382.5 -8,189.7 -491.6 -8,821.6 -5,172.4 -9,617.4 -10,754.2 -1,248.6 -483.3

-8.0 -2.9 8.2 -1.6 -11.0 -14.9 1.1 18.2 -6.5 -2.0 0.0 -7.6

-630.8 -2,440.4 -1,489.2 907.4 -1,000.6 4,199.3 -2,044.9 -1,700.8 -2,923.3 -4,792.6 -2,849.6 -1,530.6

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

-4,477.0 -6,920.5 -5,780.3 -6,238.8 -8,132.4 -9,836.9 -5,916.9 -7,802.4 -8,762.2 -6,801.5 -9,915.5 -9,798.9

529.9 -2,163.5 -2,024.1 -2,157.8 -3,338.8 -2,056.3 -1,011.5 -749.5 -2,147.6 -2,088.9 -2,098.2 -1,353.2

-4,193.1 -7,394.4 -2,009.2 1,662.3 -3,311.0 -4,218.5 -1,743.7 504.4 -3,523.1 -382.4 -2,835.6 -6,161.0

155.5 223.1 514.0 858.1 534.5 690.9 504.1 557.7 470.1 -570.7 -81.8 -150.6

1,937.4 4,739.0 -469.0 -5,935.6 3,950.6 283.1 -338.1 -7,288.1 -1,884.2 -4,007.0 -7,797.4 -5,128.6

-3.0 3.5 -2.6 2.6 -4.3 -2.6 -6.3 11.2 -1.3 -1.1 -0.9 -4.2

-2,906.7 -2,324.7 -1,792.0 -665.8 -5,967.7 -4,536.1 -3,327.7 -826.9 -1,677.4 247.5 2,897.5 2,994.5

2015P 1 2

-8,240.4 -5,538.7

-1,001.5 -1,994.5

-3,623.7 -3,001.5

-76.2 27.5

489.1 -371.2

-13.0 -1.7

-4,028.1 -199.0

P: Preliminary Source: Statistics Korea

64

Statistical Appendices

11. Prices (2010=100)

Period

Consumer Prices Commodities Services

All Items y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

Producer prices All Items Commodities

Core

y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

2012 2013 2014

106.3 107.7 109.0

2.2 1.3 1.3

108.9 110.1 111.1

3.0 1.0 0.9

104.2 105.8 107.4

1.4 1.5 1.6

104.9 106.6 108.8

1.6 1.6 2.0

107.5 105.7 105.2

0.7 -1.6 -0.5

108.9 106.2 104.8

0.2 -2.5 -1.4

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

105.7 106.1 106.0 106.0 106.2 106.1 105.9 106.3 107.0 106.9 106.5 106.7

3.4 3.1 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.2 1.5 1.2 2.0 2.1 1.6 1.4

107.9 108.5 109.2 108.9 109.2 108.8 107.9 108.8 110.4 109.8 108.9 109.0

4.4 3.9 4.1 4.1 4.3 3.6 1.9 1.6 3.1 3.0 2.0 1.6

103.9 104.2 103.5 103.7 103.9 104.0 104.2 104.4 104.4 104.6 104.6 104.8

2.7 2.5 1.4 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.1 1.3 1.4 1.3 1.3

104.6 104.7 104.3 104.4 104.6 104.9 104.9 105.1 105.2 105.2 105.3 105.5

3.2 2.5 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.3 1.2

107.7 108.4 108.9 109.0 108.4 107.1 106.6 107.2 107.6 106.8 106.1 105.8

3.2 3.1 2.4 1.9 1.0 0.0 -0.6 -0.1 0.2 -0.5 -0.9 -1.2

109.5 110.5 111.2 111.1 110.3 108.4 107.6 108.6 109.2 107.8 106.8 106.4

3.6 3.6 2.7 1.9 0.7 -0.7 -1.5 -0.9 -0.4 -1.4 -1.9 -2.3

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

107.3 107.7 107.6 107.5 107.5 107.3 107.6 107.9 108.1 107.8 107.8 107.9

1.6 1.6 1.5 1.3 1.1 1.2 1.6 1.5 1.0 0.9 1.2 1.1

109.9 110.4 110.4 109.9 109.6 109.4 109.7 110.3 110.9 110.1 110.1 110.2

1.7 1.6 1.1 0.9 0.4 0.7 1.7 1.5 0.4 0.3 1.0 0.9

105.3 105.6 105.4 105.6 105.7 105.7 105.9 106.1 106.0 106.0 106.0 106.2

1.5 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.8 1.6 1.5 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.3

105.9 106.2 106.0 106.0 106.4 106.6 106.7 106.7 107.0 107.1 107.4 107.5

1.3 1.4 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.6 1.7 1.5 1.7 1.8 2.0 1.9

106.0 106.7 106.3 105.9 105.6 105.5 105.5 105.8 105.7 105.3 105.1 105.4

-1.6 -1.6 -2.4 -2.8 -2.6 -1.4 -1.0 -1.3 -1.8 -1.4 -0.9 -0.4

106.8 107.8 107.1 106.6 106.1 106.0 106.0 106.2 106.1 105.5 105.2 105.5

-2.5 -2.5 -3.7 -4.1 -3.8 -2.2 -1.6 -2.1 -2.8 -2.2 -1.5 -0.9

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

108.5 108.8 109.0 109.1 109.2 109.1 109.3 109.5 109.4 109.1 108.8 108.8

1.1 1.0 1.3 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.4 1.1 1.2 1.0 0.8

110.9 111.4 111.6 111.3 111.5 111.2 111.2 111.4 111.5 110.6 110.2 110.1

0.9 0.9 1.1 1.3 1.7 1.7 1.4 1.0 0.5 0.5 0.2 0.0

106.6 106.7 107.0 107.3 107.5 107.4 107.7 107.9 107.8 107.8 107.7 107.8

1.3 1.1 1.5 1.6 1.6 1.6 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.6 1.6

107.7 108.0 108.3 108.5 108.8 108.9 109.1 109.2 109.1 109.1 109.1 109.3

1.7 1.7 2.1 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.2 2.4 1.9 1.8 1.6 1.6

105.6 105.8 105.7 105.6 105.5 105.6 105.7 105.6 105.2 104.5 104.1 103.1

-0.3 -0.9 -0.5 -0.3 0.0 0.1 0.2 -0.2 -0.5 -0.8 -0.9 -2.1

105.7 105.9 105.7 105.4 105.3 105.4 105.5 105.1 104.7 103.6 103.1 101.9

-1.0 -1.7 -1.3 -1.1 -0.7 -0.6 -0.4 -1.1 -1.3 -1.8 -2.0 -3.6

2015 1 2

109.4 109.4

0.8 0.5

110.9 110.6

-0.1 -0.7

108.2 108.4

1.5 1.5

110.3 110.4

2.4 2.3

101.9 102.0

-3.6 -3.6

99.7 99.8

-5.8 -5.8

Source: The Bank of Korea

65

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

12. Employment Period

Economically active persons (thousand)

All industry

y-o-y change (%)

Employed persons (thousand) Manufacturing SOC & services

y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

Unemployment rate (%)

2012 2013 2014

25,501 25,873 26,536

1.6 1.5 2.6

24,681 25,066 25,599

1.8 1.6 2.1

4,105 4,184 4,330

0.3 1.9 3.5

19,033 19,347 19,805

2.4 1.6 2.4

3.2 3.1 3.5

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

24,585 24,825 25,210 25,653 25,939 25,939 25,901 25,623 25,755 25,787 25,652 25,139

2.0 1.6 1.2 1.6 1.8 1.4 1.7 1.4 2.7 1.5 1.3 1.0

23,732 23,783 24,265 24,758 25,133 25,117 25,106 24,859 25,003 25,069 24,941 24,402

2.3 1.9 1.8 1.9 1.9 1.5 1.9 1.5 2.8 1.6 1.4 1.1

4,034 4,060 4,018 4,027 4,071 4,084 4,114 4,111 4,153 4,188 4,218 4,183

-2.8 -2.1 -2.5 -2.0 -1.6 -1.2 0.8 2.0 3.5 3.6 4.0 2.8

18,631 18,599 18,870 19,103 19,292 19,248 19,265 19,040 19,125 19,128 19,088 19,010

3.5 3.2 3.4 3.1 3.0 2.3 2.2 1.6 2.8 1.4 0.9 0.9

3.5 4.2 3.7 3.5 3.1 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 2.8 2.8 2.9

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

24,901 24,973 25,397 25,928 26,195 26,291 26,301 26,074 26,186 26,268 26,230 25,736

1.3 0.6 0.7 1.1 1.0 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.7 1.9 2.3 2.4

24,054 23,984 24,514 25,103 25,398 25,478 25,473 25,291 25,466 25,545 25,530 24,962

1.4 0.8 1.0 1.4 1.1 1.4 1.5 1.7 1.9 1.9 2.4 2.3

4,189 4,139 4,141 4,192 4,175 4,180 4,167 4,116 4,174 4,218 4,253 4,264

3.9 1.9 3.1 4.1 2.6 2.3 1.3 0.1 0.5 0.7 0.8 2.0

18,810 18,736 18,989 19,303 19,492 19,531 19,577 19,438 19,540 19,558 19,670 19,514

1.0 0.7 0.6 1.0 1.0 1.5 1.6 2.1 2.2 2.2 3.0 2.7

3.4 4.0 3.5 3.2 3.0 3.1 3.1 3.0 2.7 2.8 2.7 3.0

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

25,650 25,997 26,187 26,714 26,762 26,825 26,891 26,775 26,766 26,809 26,786 26,270

3.0 4.1 3.1 3.0 2.2 2.0 2.2 2.7 2.2 2.1 2.1 2.1

24,759 24,819 25,163 25,684 25,811 25,875 25,979 25,885 25,917 25,951 25,968 25,384

2.9 3.5 2.6 2.3 1.6 1.6 2.0 2.3 1.8 1.6 1.7 1.7

4,280 4,274 4,284 4,288 4,324 4,345 4,358 4,335 4,347 4,361 4,355 4,406

2.2 3.3 3.5 2.3 3.6 3.9 4.6 5.3 4.1 3.4 2.4 3.3

19,376 19,407 19,538 19,819 19,815 19,841 20,003 19,940 19,949 19,973 20,098 19,896

3.0 3.6 2.9 2.7 1.7 1.6 2.2 2.6 2.1 2.1 2.2 2.0

3.5 4.5 3.9 3.9 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.4

2015 1 2

26,094 26,398

1.7 1.5

25,106 25,195

1.4 1.5

4,421 4,433

3.3 3.7

19,693 19,716

1.6 1.6

3.8 4.6

Source: Statistics Korea

66

Statistical Appendices

13. Financial indicators (period average)

Period

Yields(%) Corporate bonds Treasury bonds (3 years, AA-) (3 years)

Treasury bonds (5 years)

Stock KOSPI(endperiod)

Call rate (1 day)

CDs (91 days)

2011 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

2.7 2.8 2.9 3.0 3.0 3.2 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.3 3.3

2.9 3.1 3.4 3.4 3.5 3.5 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6

4.5 4.7 4.5 4.5 4.4 4.4 4.5 4.2 4.2 4.3 4.2 4.2

3.7 3.9 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.7 3.8 3.6 3.5 3.5 3.4 3.4

4.3 4.4 4.1 4.1 4.0 3.9 4.0 3.7 3.6 3.6 3.5 3.5

2,069.73 1,939.30 2,106.70 2,192.36 2,142.47 2,100.69 2,133.21 1,880.11 1,769.65 1,909.03 1,847.51 1,825.74

2012 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.1 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.8

3.6 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.5 3.3 3.2 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9

4.2 4.3 4.4 4.3 4.0 3.9 3.6 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3

3.4 3.4 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.3 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.9

3.5 3.6 3.7 3.6 3.5 3.4 3.1 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 3.0

1,955.79 2,030.25 2,014.04 1,981.99 1,843.47 1,854.01 1,881.99 1,905.12 1,996.21 1,912.06 1,932.90 1,997.05

2013 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

2.8 2.8 2.7 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5

2.9 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7

3.2 3.1 3.0 2.9 3.0 3.2 3.4 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.4 3.4

2.8 2.7 2.6 2.6 2.6 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.9 2.9

2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.7 3.1 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.2 3.3

1,961.94 2,026.49 2,004.89 1,963.95 2,001.05 1,863.32 1,914.03 1,926.36 1,996.96 2,030.09 2,044.87 2,011.34

2014 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.5 2.3 2.2 2.1 2.0 2.0

2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.7 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1

3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.2 3.0 3.0 2.8 2.6 2.5 2.5

2.9 2.9 2.9 2.9 2.8 2.7 2.6 2.5 2.4 2.2 2.1 2.1

3.3 3.2 3.2 3.2 3.1 3.0 2.8 2.8 2.6 2.4 2.3 2.3

1,941.15 1,979.99 1,985.61 1,961.79 1,994.96 2,002.21 2,076.12 2,068.54 2,020.09 1,964.43 1,980.78 1,915.59

2015 1 2 3

2.0 2.0 1.8

2.1 2.1 2.0

2.4 2.3 2.1

2.0 2.0 1.9

2.2 2.1 2.0

1,949.26 1,985.80 2,041.03

Source: The Bank of Korea

67

ECONOMIC BULLETIN • april 2015

14. Monetary indicators (billion won)

Period

Reserve money y-o-y change (%)

M1

M2

2012

82,131.1

9.2

441,963.6

3.8

1,798,625.7

5.2

2,379,518.7

7.8

2013

91,379.4

11.3

484,062.9

9.5

1,885,781.3

4.8

2,543,299.4

6.9

2014

103,331.5

13.1

536,733.4

10.9

2,009,576.3

6.6

2,721,747.4

7.0

2012 1

81,635.4

11.0

439,352.9

2.3

1,757,058.7

4.8

2,292,213.5

6.5

2

81,655.3

8.3

437,193.9

1.1

1,762,988.4

5.3

2,302,065.8

7.2

3

79,068.0

8.3

440,075.4

2.1

1,773,172.9

5.7

2,341,626.9

8.8

4

80,641.8

10.2

437,445.3

2.8

1,777,114.7

5.5

2,349,723.2

8.6

5

80,547.7

9.1

438,795.3

3.5

1,784,220.5

5.5

2,357,701.0

8.4

6

81,804.0

9.5

441,611.0

4.7

1,796,981.5

5.9

2,377,071.3

8.5

7

81,555.7

10.1

441,760.6

5.4

1,807,289.2

6.0

2,393,737.7

8.4

8

82,369.1

8.9

439,573.2

4.0

1,817,134.9

5.7

2,405,239.9

7.8

9

82,958.7

6.4

440,034.3

3.5

1,819,290.1

5.2

2,415,263.5

7.6

10

85,078.6

10.6

444,477.8

5.5

1,822,420.9

4.6

2,424,000.4

7.1

11

82,956.5

8.3

445,463.9

5.3

1,830,280.3

4.4

2,440,062.8

7.1

12

85,302.7

9.6

457,778.9

5.8

1,835,556.7

4.5

2,455,962.9

7.3

2013 1

85,839.3

5.1

464,914.5

5.8

1,841,128.1

4.8

2,469,789.3

7.7

2

88,855.7

8.8

472,239.6

8.0

1,857,135.0

5.3

2,488,539.0

8.1

3

89,523.5

13.2

472,430.1

7.4

1,862,405.5

5.0

2,499,718.1

6.8

4

87,729.0

8.8

475,330.0

8.7

1,867,726.3

5.1

2,512,459.7

6.9

5

89,654.8

11.3

475,526.7

8.4

1,870,289.7

4.8

2,518,239.1

6.8

6

91,207.6

11.5

486,587.5

10.2

1,884,193.2

4.9

2,533,750.8

6.6

7

90,643.7

11.1

488,982.7

10.7

1,890,728.6

4.6

2,549,443.5

6.5

8

93,729.6

13.8

481,416.9

9.5

1,888,658.4

3.9

2,557,336.3

6.3

9

95,130.6

14.7

490,518.7

11.5

1,903,187.1

4.6

2,577,546.7

6.7

10

93,640.4

10.1

491,947.9

10.7

1,908,557.6

4.7

2,587,071.4

6.7

11

93,609.9

12.8

499,242.7

12.1

1,923,339.2

5.1

2,605,873.9

6.8

12

96,988.5

13.7

509,617.9

11.3

1,932,026.4

5.3

2,619,029.5

6.6

2014 1

98,541.6

14.8

515,742.5

10.9

1,937,045.6

5.2

2,635,100.1

6.7

2

100,547.9

13.2

518,475.5

9.8

1,954,340.7

5.2

2,647,674.0

6.4

3

100,624.0

12.4

520,299.0

10.1

1,964,954.0

5.5

2,659,370.7

6.4

4

98,898.5

12.7

518,809.3

9.1

1,970,361.6

5.5

2,669,341.4

6.2

5

101,791.4

13.5

523,069.9

10.0

1,982,390.9

6.0

2,684,643.9

6.6

6

101,412.3

11.2

532,041.2

9.3

1,999,376.3

6.1

2,703,088.1

6.7

7

101,164.2

11.6

534,028.8

9.2

2,013,935.1

6.5

2,725,737.6

6.9

8

107,682.4

14.9

538,640.3

11.9

2,031,777.2

7.6

2,743,972.5

7.3

y-o-y change (%)

Lf

y-o-y change (%)

y-o-y change (%)

9

105,354.1

10.7

548,550.8

11.8

2,037,600.8

7.1

2,759,390.8

7.1

10

107,117.5

14.4

551,416.0

12.1

2,051,149.8

7.5

2,776,971.6

7.3

11

106,667.9

13.9

562,006.2

12.6

2,083,253.5

8.3

2,817,698.0

8.1

12

110,175.6

13.6

577,721.1

13.4

2,088,729.8

8.1

2,837,910.9

8.2

2015 1

113,304.2

15.0

579,964.2

12.5

2,092,223.5

8.0

2,857,610.1

8.4

2

116,502.4

15.9

592,737.4

14.3

2,109,843.2

8.0

2,876,619.9

8.6

Source: The Bank of Korea

68

Statistical Appendices

15. Exchange rates (end-period)

100/ \

US $/ \

Period

Euro/ \

Won

y-o-y change (%)

Won

y-o-y change (%)

Won

y-o-y change (%)

2012 2013 2014

1,071.1 1,055.3 1,099.2

-7.1 -1.5 4.2

1,247.5 1,004.7 920.1

-16.0 -19.5 -8.4

1,416.3 1,456.3 1,336.5

-5.2 2.8 -8.2

2012 1 2

1,125.0 1,126.5

1.0 -0.1

1,473.1 1,399.2

8.6 1.3

1,478.2 1,516.3

-2.4 -2.1

3

1,137.8

2.8

1,380.7

3.7

1,513.4

-3.2

4

1,134.2

5.8

1,412.0

7.5

1,501.7

-5.6

5

1,177.8

9.0

1,489.1

11.5

1,456.6

-6.0

6

1,153.8

7.0

1,453.8

8.8

1,435.0

-8.0

7

1,136.2

7.9

1,453.6

7.4

1,393.1

-7.6

8

1,134.6

5.9

1,444.0

3.4

1,419.6

-8.3

9

1,118.6

-5.2

1,441.1

-6.2

1,444.3

-9.8

10

1,094.1

-0.9

1,374.5

-5.7

1,418.3

-9.2

11 12

1,084.7 1,071.1

-5.7 -7.1

1,320.6 1,247.5

-10.5 -16.0

1,407.3 1,416.3

-8.2 -5.2

2013 1 2

1,082.7 1,085.4

-3.8 -3.6

1,188.5 1,176.2

-19.3 -15.9

1,469.3 1,425.8

-0.6 -6.0

3

1,112.1

-2.3

1,180.1

-14.5

1,425.2

-5.8

4

1,108.1

-2.3

1,132.0

-19.8

1,451.3

-3.4

5

1,128.3

-4.2

1,116.6

-25.0

1,471.4

1.0

6

1,149.7

-0.4

1,167.2

-19.7

1,498.2

4.4

7

1,113.6

-2.0

1,135.4

-21.9

1,476.7

6.0

8

1,110.9

-2.1

1,129.2

-21.8

1,470.6

3.6

9

1,075.6

-3.8

1,098.7

-23.8

1,451.3

0.5

10

1,061.4

-3.0

1,077.5

-21.6

1,456.6

2.7

11 12

1,062.1 1,055.3

-2.1 -1.5

1,038.2 1,004.7

-21.4 -19.5

1,444.8 1,456.3

2.7 2.8

2014 1 2

1,079.2 1,067.7

-0.3 -1.6

1,043.7 1,044.8

-12.2 -11.2

1,473.6 1,463.6

0.3 2.7

3

1,068.8

-3.9

1,038.7

-12.0

1,469.4

3.1

4

1,031.7

-6.9

1,005.3

-11.2

1,425.0

-1.8

5

1,021.6

-9.5

1,004.2

-10.1

1,389.6

-5.6

6

1,014.4

-11.8

1,000.0

-14.3

1,384.2

-7.6

7

1,024.3

-8.0

995.7

-12.3

1,371.8

-7.1

8

1,013.6

-8.8

977.6

-13.4

1,336.2

-9.1

9

1,050.6

-2.3

960.2

-12.6

1,333.3

-8.1

10

1,054.0

-0.7

964.1

-10.5

1,328.8

-8.8

11 12

1,101.1 1,099.2

3.7 4.2

933.9 920.1

-10.0 -8.4

1,372.2 1,336.5

-5.0 -8.2

2015 1 2 3

1,090.8 1,067.7 1,105.0

1.1 -1.6 3.4

921.3 1,044.8 920.3

-11.7 -11.2 -11.4

1,235.7 1,463.6 1,196.8

-16.1 2.7 -18.6

Source: The Bank of Korea

Useful websites Ministry of Strategy and Finance http://english.mosf.go.kr Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy http://english.motie.go.kr Financial Services Commission http://www.fsc.go.kr/eng Financial Supervisory Service http://english.fss.or.kr Fair Trade Commission http://eng.ftc.go.kr Ministry of Employment and Labor http://www.moel.go.kr/english The Bank of Korea http://www.bok.or.kr/eng Statistics Korea http://kostat.go.kr/portal/english

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