THE TOMB OF HYRCANUS II?
A JOURNEY OF DISCOVERY & DISCLOSURE
Our hearts were pounding as we slipped over the side of a shallow grotto at the edge of the Abraham's House complex. Having finished leading our 2019 B.A.S.E. Tour of Israel, Bob Cornuke wanted me to see a previously undocumented tomb in the upper Silwan area of the Mount of Olives. His investigation began in 2015 and he had often spoken of it during the intervening years. Now the time had arrived, at last, for us to examine his finding together. As we crawled through the tiny opening, we found what might be a key to unlocking a pivotal period in Jewish history.
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Below: Outside of the Tomb.
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A map of Second Temple Jerusalem and the location of various tombs. The inscription was found in the tomb highlighted by a black circle (drawn by Omri Abadi).
Discovery
The Mount of Olives is the necropolis of Jerusalem. It is the oldest active cemetery in the world, to be used continuously from the Bronze Age down to the present.1 It houses many thousands of graves, including burial caves from the Second Temple period. One of them, which has not yet been scientifically excavated, is located on the grounds of “Abraham's House” (a French Catholic pilgrim’s hostel) on the southwest slope of the mountain overlooking the City of David.
Bob’s colorful recounting gives us the background story.
I was doing some research on the first century tombs around the Kidron Valley for a book I was writing. It was April 15th, 2015, when I first came across this undocumented tomb on the grounds
1 Kloner A., Zissu B., "The Necropolis of Jerusalem in the Second Temple Period," Interdisciplinary Studies in Ancient Culture and Religion; Leuven;Dudley, MA: Peeters, 2007.
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of Abraham’s House. That afternoon I heard about a tomb up in the Silwan area across from the City of David. It turned out to be a Byzantine era tomb which was nothing of importance for my research, but while I was there a man, perhaps a groundskeeper, from the site told me that there was a place where they temporarily buried Jordanian soldiers during the Six-Day War in 1967. It was a “little sort of grotto” on the western boundary of the property. I asked the groundskeeper if he knew of any tombs in that location. He told me, “No, it is a natural cavern.”
After he left us, I climbed down into the “grotto” and discovered a small hole in the side of the wall. It was apparent that the recent and massive amount of rainwater had caused an opening into something behind the solid rock wall. After widening the opening, we could see that there was a large cave. We entered the cave to find four side chambers. I quickly took some pictures on my phone to document the moment. Later, when I told a friend who had worked with the IAA2 about my discovery, I was told that I was mistaken and to his knowledge there were no first-century tombs in the area of the lower Mount of Olives.
On 21 May 2019, we made the arrangements for a visit to the site with a K-House film crew to properly document the finding. We were met by
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Below: View of the cave opening as discovered by Bob Cornuke.
2 Israel Antiquities Authority (IAA) COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
one of the workers at Abraham’s House who ushered us to the site and wished us well as we descended into the grotto. We experienced a surreal sensation as our eyes adjusted to the darkness. The yellow patina of the Jerusalem sandstone gave us a sense of the cave's age. After switching on the portable lights to allow filming, we could clearly see that the tomb had two levels with four burial chambers (kokh3) located on the upper level and one chamber accessible through a vertical shaft.
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Below: Photo inside of the cave.
Right: Sketch map of the burial cave (drawn by Matsen).
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3 Hebrew word for a rock-cut tomb
As we were carefully filming and photographing the cave, we suddenly discovered writing above one of the chambers. “It looks like Hebrew,” I shouted. Immediately all attention focused on this thrilling discovery. Our film crew rushed over with their lights and cameras knowing that this might be a once-in-a-lifetime opportunity. We captured the
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Above: Looking back at the small entrance.
Above left: View from the vertical passage to the sub chamber.
Above right: Ron & Bob looking from within the Kokhim.
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highest quality images we could, given the conditions in the cave. As our minds were pausing to take it all in, we all strongly suspected we had discovered something that very well might be significant. Time flew by as we continued our investigation. What hands left their handiwork?
What tears had been shed next to these burial chambers? What events had this small cave seen throughout its lifetime? What stories would be revealed if we were able to study this little time capsule?
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Below: Photograph of the inscription
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Above: Photograph of the cave with the location of the inscription above chamber 4.
That evening we collected and catalogued our images and began to contact the people we knew within the Israel Antiquity Authorities (IAA). Bob contacted his friend Eli Shukron and I reached out to Dr. Susan Hazan of the Israel Museum, Jerusalem. We were all franticly seeking a way to carry out further investigation “by the book.” Dr. Hazan passed me over to Christopher Rollston.4 Professor Rollston informed me that we should get the IAA directly involved before proceeding. In his 6 June 2019 email to me, he stated, “It's wise of you to pursue things with the IAA and to get all the paperwork in order. That makes everything nice and neat and clean, and serves everyone well. Yes, please keep me posted. If you get the paperwork in order, I would be happy to publish this with you.” Professor Rollston subsequently examined the picture of the inscription and considered it both ancient and important.
By 4 June 2019 I received my first reply from the IAA.
Dear Ron,
My name is Eran Arie and I'm the curator of Iron Age and Persian Period Archaeology in the Israel Museum. This seems an amazing find! You should be in touch with an epigraphist soon. I recommend these two epigraphists: Chris Rollston from George Washington University at Washington DC or Haggai Misgav from the Hebrew University in Jerusalem.
Good luck, Eran
With the help of Ido Garfinkel, I was able to secure the services of Haggai Misgav.
Since he has not seen the inscription itself, but only its documentation as picture and video, every conclusion in his paper is limited. The inscription message is unclear, yet the letters are, according to Misgav, consistent with Second Temple Jewish script. Its installment within a typical late Second Temple burial cave, written above one of the burial niches, strengthens this assumption.
4 He is Professor of Northwest Semitic Languages and Literatures, and Chair of the Department of Classical and Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at George Washington University. A leading scholar in the field of Northwest Semitic epigraphy, his many research interests include ancient writing practices, scribes and scribal education, ancient literacy, the origins of the alphabet, and modern (and ancient) forgeries
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Misgav reports:
The tentative reading is as follows:
תנש זומתל )?(לב סונקרוהל עשתו ןיעשת
אככ אצשתה
ןועמשל
In the following lines we present a paleographic and philological analysis of the Hebrew script, followed by the proposed translation.
Line 1: The second letter after the ב in not clear – it looks like the upper part of ק but it is doubtful whether the traces of a line to its left is still part of the letter. Alternatively, the letter could be a ל, although its upper left line is perhaps too short. Whatever that letter is, context suggests that it could well represent a number, because the next word is Tamuz (זומת) which is a name of a month in the Hebrew lunar calendar, implying that it refers to a date. ל represents the number 30, and the 30th of the month of Tamuz is a real date.5
Line 2. This line reads “ninety-nine” and with the last word of the previous line we end with “the ninety ninth year of Hyrcanus” (תנש סונקרוהל עשתו םיעשת).
Line 3. The next line is particularly hard to understand, raising more questions than solutions. It records the letter s אככאצשתה. which should probably be divided into two words: אככ אצשתה. He offered two possible readings of this line.
The root א.צ.ש. in Aramaic means “to end” or “to finish.” Rashi translates the words of Gen 43:2 ולכ רשאכ (“when they had finished [eating]”) as ואיצש דכ. The combination of letters אככ could mean “so/thus”in Hebrew. The vowel a at the end is represented by א
5 In today’s Hebrew calendar Tammuz has only 29 days, but the lunar calendar evidenced in Rabbinic literature (and probably the same calendar of second temple) was not static. Any month began when two witnesses had seen the new moon, that is on either the 30th or the 31st day, and each month could have either 29 or 30 days. For a detailed description see J. C.VanderKam, Calendars of the Dead Sea Scrolls: Measuring Time (Abingdon: Routledge, 1998): 27-29.
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rather then ה (perhaps influenced by Aramaic). A full translation of the line could thus be “will it end thus?” We will have more to say on this below.
Line 4. The last line only records one word: ןועמשל meaning: “for Simon.” Simon was the most common male Jewish name in the Second Temple period, particularly in the Hasmonaean times.6
Proposed translation:
ˏ Line 1: On the ל (30th) of Tammuz, year
ˏ Line 2: ninety and nine of Hyrcanus
ˏ Line 3: Will it end thus
ˏ Line 4: for Simon?
As soon as we had the first rough translation, our “investigator engines” kicked into overdrive. We quickly put together a video and began to spread it around to anyone we thought could help us gain approved access to explore more deeply. After a few email exchanges with the IAA we set a date of 18 July 2019 to meet up and officially go to the site. During our flight back to Israel, I was assuring myself that “all the boxes had been ticked,” so we should be well on our way to an amazing experience!
The day following our arrival we decided to travel to Abraham’s House to scout around the entire compound. We introduced ourselves at the main desk and asked for a tour of their facilities. After an hour or so of walking round we decided to stay and have lunch in the restaurant. Everyone was courteous and friendly. We then had a preparatory meeting at our rented accommodations with officials of the IAA on 16 July to show them more of the film footage we had captured from inside of the tomb on 21 May 2019. There was the sense of electricity filling the room as we discussed the possible outcome of an investigation of this site. All was now set to go.
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6 T. Ilan, Lexicon of Jewish Names in Late Antiquity Part I: Palestine 330 BCE–200 CE (Tübingen: Mohr Siebeck, 2002): 218–235
Danger
The morning drive around the Old City of Jerusalem then up the slope of the Mount of Olives was filled with the unusual sound of firecrackers going off all around the Kidron Valley. “Sounds like a war going on,” Bob said. We would later find out that it was some type of Palestinian protest in the local neighborhood. The gates of Abraham’s House swung open as we drove through the large rock-walled entrance which welcomed us onto this beautiful pilgrim’s sanctuary. We met up with our Hebrew guide Ido Garfinkel and Epigraphist Haggai Misgav.
Shortly after our arrival the representatives of the IAA drove into the compound in their official vehicles. I was introduced to the Chief Archeologist of Jerusalem as we walked into the lobby. “Hi, we are here to view a tomb as a possible site of interest,” I said. Immediately a dark figure stepped out from behind the door and replied, “You are not going anywhere. Get out of here.” Shocked, I quickly deferred to the IAA officials and took a step back as a heated conversation in Arabic ensued.
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Above: Being forced off the Abraham’s House site.
Bob, Ido, Haggi, Ben (our videographer) and I moved to the outside patio and watched the drama unfold in front of us. After more than 30 minutes of conversations oscillating in intensity, the IAA officials announced that they were waiting for the police to arrive. As we moved in the direction of our parked cars, two cars sped into the compound carrying more than a dozen local Palestinian men who quickly formed a line and began violently forcing us back down the narrow-walled entrance that had welcomed us before. The Police eventually arrived, more shouting continued, and nothing was accomplished in our favor. Finally, the IAA official came over to me and said, “Sorry, but this site is now closed forever.”
Disappointment
Eventually, the Abraham’s House guards allowed us to retrieve our cars, and we drove away dejected and pondering our next steps. Did we almost create an international incident? Could we have sparked a wider rebellion? For a paralyzing few moments I think we understood what it means to live in place where violent escalation is only one wrong decision away. In the face of defeat, we retreated to our accommodations.
As we flew home to an uncertain future for this project, we all knew that it could not just end here so abruptly. After weeks of reflection, I decided to write to the École Biblique et Archéologique Française in Jerusalem (a French Roman Catholic Archaeological Society). As Abraham’s House was connected with the French Roman Catholic Church, I thought maybe archeologists within this society would understand and ultimately assist us in gaining access to the tomb. Surely the photographs would be a tempting morsal for an inquisitive explorer.
The response we received from this world-renowned society shocked me. “Upon viewing the photographs, we have determined that the inscription was a modern forgery and then also that it had subsequently been defaced.” My blood ran cold as I considered the implication of this dreadful news. Did we cause a two-thousand-year-old inscription to be wiped out by an angry hammer? Did our clumsy handling of this
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Finally, the IAA official came over to me and said, “Sorry, but this site is now closed forever.”
priceless find cause it to be lost forever? The weight of these horrible thoughts overwhelmed me with regret. At this point I felt the rise of a strange intestinal resolve to “never do this again.”
Doubling Down
“Snatching victory from the jaws of defeat” is a quote often used to describe an event when the underdog triumphs against all odds. As the next few months passed, I had time to take stock of what we had and what might be done with it. To casually post it on Facebook or make a short YouTube video didn’t seem to hit the target as far as I was concerned. Our list of options began to grow as did our renewed excitement that this discovery could still make an impact. We had collected:
1) Many high-quality photographs and videos of the tomb.
2) An ancient inscription that has been reliably translated.
3) An inscription that mentions the names of two leaders during the Hasmonean period.
4) A historical narrative that could fill some gaps in the Second Temple Period history of Israel.
5) Some high-level experts within the archaeological community that have expressed interest in helping us get this discovery out to the world.
With these tools in our toolbox, we decided to press ahead and produce a document that would be worth publishing to the world of archaeological experts.
The Inscription
First and foremost, it should be emphasized that both Misgav and Rollston consider this inscription to be ancient, the (casual) comment of some at the Êcole Biblique notwithstanding. Christopher Rollston noted that some genuine ancient inscriptions can and do surface on the antiquities market. That is, not everything on the antiquities market is a modern forgery, but it is common for modern epigraphic7 forgeries to ‘surface’ on the antiquities market, after an important
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7 An epigraph, as used here, is something cut , impressed, painted, or written on a hard surface. COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
epigraphic discovery (of an actual ancient inscription).8 However, our inscription did not appear in the antiquities market, and its content is not reminiscent of some recent epigraphic discovery at an excavation. Furthermore, and of particular importance, there are no paleographic or orthographic anomalies9 in this inscription. And the inscription remains (at least at the time of our photographs) in situ, or in place. In sum, current evidence supports the conclusion this is an authentic ancient inscription.
The Subject
Does the inscription refer to Hyrcanus II? The name Hyrcanus was not especially popular in the Second Temple period, and appears on record some eleven times, most of them Hasmonean or their dependents.10 Ilan identified it as a Persian name, based on the region “Hyrcania” in central Asia. Note that Machiela has contended that the name was originally Egyptian.11 The first Hyrcanus on record is the son of Joseph, son of Tobias who was active in Ptolemaic Egypt in the second century BC.
The most famous contenders to the name are the two Hasmonean rulers: John Hyrcanus I, and Hyrcanus II. It would seem reasonable to infer that the inscription refers to one of these Hasmonean rulers, based on the numeric reference in the inscription to a year of “Hyrcanus,” which would be most consistent with that used for a “ruler” (priestly or political). The first Hyrcanus was known by his Hebrew name John (ןנחוי) and is usually referenced in this way, with his title “high priest” (לודג ןהכ, in the Hebrew sources, such as his coins12 (לודג ןהכ ןנחוי) and rabbinic literature (“לודג ןהכ ןנחוי”e.g., M. Ma‘as. Š. 5:15; T. Sota 13:5). Hyrcanus II is referred to only as Hyrcanus, both in Greek by Josephus13 and in Hebrew within rabbinic literature (“סונקרוה”-B. Sota 49b; B. B. Qam. 82b; B. Menah. 64b). For this reason alone, we conclude it is more likely
8 C. Rollston, “Forging History: From Antiquity to the Modern Period.” in Archaeologies of Text: Archaeology, Technology, and Ethics (Institute Publication Series of Brown University; eds. M. Rutz and M. K. Joukowsky; Oxford: Oxbow Books, 2014): 176-197.
9 No irregularities in the way letters were formed, nor the construction of words and sentences of that period.
10 Ilan (N 7): 350-351.
11 D. A. Machiela, “A Brief History of the Second Temple Period Name ‘Hyrcanus’,” JJS 61 (2010): 117-138.
12 Y. Meshorer, A Treasury of Coins (Jerusalem: Ben Zvi Publications, 2001): 31–32.
13 Mentioned often in A.J. 14-15 and the B.J. 1, see D.R. Schwartz, “Josephus on Hyrcanus II,” in Josephus and the History of the Greco-Roman Period (Studia post-Biblica 41; ed. F. Parente and J. Sievers; Leiden: Brill, 1994): 210–232.
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the inscription refers to Hyrcanus II, and not his grandfather who was better known as “John Hyrcanus” or simply “John the high priest.”14
Hyrcanus II was born in 110 BC, the firstborn son of King Alexander Jannaeus (יאני) and Queen Alexandra Shelamzion ( ןויצמולש). During his mother’s reign, Hyrcanus officiated as high priest (Josephus B.J. 1.109; A.J. 13.408). Upon her death in 67 BC, the queen intended that Hyrcanus should succeed her as monarch and continue to hold the office of high priest that he had occupied since his mother became queen (Josephus B.J. 1.120). That, however, was not to be, for his younger brother Aristobulus II, who was in command of the army, believed he should be the next king of Judea (Josephus B.J. 1.121–122).15 The endless strife between the brothers led to civil war, and they both applied for help from the Roman general Pompey the Great, who arrived at this time in the eastern Mediterranean.16
Pompey conquered Jerusalem, deposed Aristobulus II, and appointed Hyrcanus II as a puppet ethnarch (not king) of Judea, also restoring him to the position of high priest in the Temple (Josephus B.J. 1.128–153). This was the beginning of Roman rule over the land, which ended with the Islamic conquest some seven hundred years later.
14 More on how persons mentioned in epigraphic records can be identified with a person mentioned in literary sources see J. L.Mykytiuk, Identifying Biblical Persons in Northwest Semitic Inscriptions of 1200-539 B.C.E. (Atlanta: SBL Press 2004): 9-56, and specifically for the relevant time period of Hyrcanus see T. Ilan, “Julia Crispina Daughter of Berenicianus, A Herodian Princess in the Babatha Archive: A Case Study in Historical Identification,” JQR 82 (1992): 362-368.
15 Cf. M. Orian, “Hyrcanus II versus Aristobulus II and the Inviolability of Jerusalem,” JSQ 22 (2015): 205-242.
16 K. Atkinson, “The Case for Hyrcanus II as the “Wicked Priest” and a Pirate: Evidence from a Neglected Roman Historical Source,” The Qumran Chronicle 27 (2019): 42-51.
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Above: Coin with image of Hyrcanus II.
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Above: Statue of Pompey.
The real power behind the throne was in the hands of Hyrcanus’ advisor Antipater, son of one of the Idumeans who were forcefully converted to Judaism by John Hyrcanus I (Josephus A.J. 13.257–258). Antipater was the father of Herod, who was destined to become a great king himself. In 40 BC, war broke out with the Parthians (Persians), who temporarily appointed Antigonus II Mattathias, the younger son of Aristobulus II, as king. Hyrcanus II was taken prisoner, his ears and nose were cut off, ensuring that he could no longer serve as high priest, and he was carried off into exile in Babylonia (similarly to the Biblical King Zedekiah in 2 Kings 25:7). Herod escaped with his life and returned with a Roman army to reclaim the throne in 37 BC. A year later he requested that Hyrcanus II travel back to Jerusalem from Babylonia, only to accuse him of treason and ingloriously execute him in 30 BC, at the age of 80 (Josephus B.J. I.433; A.J. 15.165–173).17
The type of burial cave fits the Herodian period, the time in which Hyrcanus II was put to death.18 It is also not surprising that Hyrcanus was not buried in a royal tomb, for he was at this point a persona non grata in the eyes of Herod the Great. Nevertheless, a burial of some sort was called for. Therefore, a rock-hewn cave in the Jerusalem necropolis on the Mount of Olives would seem a reasonable place for him to be buried. It seems that the aged Hyrcanus still had some supporters who longed for a Hasmonean revival. The provision of a decent burial for one of the last Hasmoneans should come as no surprise.
17 In general, see E. Schürer, G. Vermès, and F. Millar, History of the Jewish People in the Age of Jesus Christ, vol. 1 (Edinburgh: T. & T. Clark, 1973): 257–280; E.M. Smallwood, The Jews Under Roman Rule: From Pompey to Diocletian: A Study in Political Relations (Leiden: Brill, 1981), 64; On Herod and Hyrcanus see P. Richardson, Herod: King of the Jews and Friend of the Romans (Columbia SC1: Routledge, 1996), throughout. On the character of Hyrcanus II see Schwartz (N 13).
18 Kloner and Zissu (N 1).
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Above: Image of Herod the Great.
The Timing
The second line of the inscription mentions the year “ninety and nine of Hyrcanus.” What happened ninety-nine years after some event associated with this person? Hyrcanus II was crowned in 67 BC, and ninety-nine years later would be the year AD 32, to which we see no significance. However, when counting ninety-nine years from Hyrcanus’ death in 30 BC, this would be year AD 69, exactly one year before the destruction of the Temple by Titus in AD 70. In this last year of the Second Temple era the war between the Jews and the Romans had raged for three years. Jerusalem was in the grip of zealots of all stripes, with Simon bar Giora’s faction perhaps the most dominant among them. (Josephus B.J. 7.262273, on Simon Bar Giora specifically see 265-266). Moreover, it was the Year of the Four Emperors, which rocked the Roman Empire and was destined to end with Vespasian gaining the throne.19 His coronation marked the “final judgment” on the Jewish rebellion—suppressing it had been his main goal for the last two years and, now that he was in power, he intended to bring it to a close. His son, Titus, would accomplish this mission. Perhaps, shortly before the siege began, certain Jews came to this cave, perhaps the tomb of Hyrcanus II, and inscribed on its wall a message that was significant to them. This would be in keeping with some of the content of some ancient Jewish burial graffiti, as discussed by Karen Stern.20
The Final Reference
Who is Simon? The second person mentioned in Line 4 is Simon. He is associated with the words ןועמשל אככ אצשתה, that is, “will it [also] end so for Simon?” In the year AD 69, Simon bar Giora was the leader of the largest faction in Jerusalem fighting against Rome and was identified by the Romans themselves as the ringleader of the revolt. Could this inscription be a graffito, cursing Simon bar Giora, and wishing him a similar fate to that suffered by Hyrcanus II ninety-nine years earlier? It is of some interest that in AD 71 Simon bar Giora was indeed brought to Rome and publicly executed in Titus’ triumph (Josephus B.J. 7.153–154), fulfilling the expectation voiced in our inscription.
19 See for example B. Levick, Vespasian, (London and New York: Routlrdge, 2017): 49-74. 20 K. Stern, Writing on the Wall: Graffiti and the Forgotten Jews of Antiquity (Princeton NJ: Princeton University Press, 2018): 140.
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It is worth noting that another graffito recording a curse was found at Gezer and dated to the second half of the second century BC, after Gezer’s conquest by the Hasmoneans (142 BC). This is a short graffito bearing the words: “[Says] Pampras; May fire devour Simon’s palace.”21 This Simon, incidentally, was the great grandfather of Hyrcanus II.
The Significance
This new Second Temple inscription from Jerusalem mentions two persons: Hyrcanus and Simon. The readings and translation of this inscription are fairly straightforward, but the precise interpretation of the content is difficult. We cautiously suggest a possible understanding of this inscription; it is a curse mentioning two historical figures, articulating the wish that the fate of Simon (bar Giora) be the same as that of Hyrcanus II (i.e., execution for treason).
Documented
The core of this article was prepared for formal publishing with MAARAV - A Journal for the Study of the Northwest Semitic Languages and Literatures.22 Our thanks go to Ido Garfinkel23 for his in-depth research and core document composition.
Thanks to Mr. Haggai Misgav of the Institute of Archeology, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Thanks to Yosef Garfinkel, the Yigael Yadin Chair in Archaeology of Israel at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem24 for his guidance and editorial input. Thanks to Professor Christopher Rollston, Professor of
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21 R.A.S. Macalister, The Excavations of Gezer 1902–1905, 1907–1909, vol. 1 (London: Palestine Exploration Fund, 1911): 211–213.
23
24
22 http://www.maarav.com/
https://www.israelfortourists.com/%E2%80%8Bido-garfinkel/
https://archaeology.huji.ac.il/people/yosef-garfinkel
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Above: Haggi Musgav and Ido Garfinkel.
Northwest Semitic Languages and Literatures, and Chair of the Department of Classical and Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations at George Washington University25 for being willing to publish our finding.
After more than three years of waiting, MAARAV published our article in their January 2023 edition. Praise the LORD!
25 https://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/scholar/christopher-rollston/
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of audio or video BASIC BIBLE STUDIES CD Qty DVD Qty GETTING STARTED SERIES CD Qty DVD Qty Angels Vol. 1: The Angelic Realm CDA114 DVD108 A Walk Thru the Bible CDA56 Angels Vol. 2: The Invisible War CDA115 DVD109 How to Study the Bible REMASTERED CDA60 DVD28 Angels Vol. 3: Denizens/Metacosm CDA135 DVD135 How We Got Our Bible REMASTERED CDA55 DVD27RM Behold a Black Horse CDA151 DVD160 The Grand Adventure CDA47 Behold a Livid Horse CDA152 DVD161 PERSONAL CD Qty DVD Qty Behold a Red Horse CDA150 DVD159 Armor For the Age of Deceit CDA30 Behold a White Horse CDA149 DVD158 Being Faithful in Faithless World CDA46 Church in the End Times CDA123 DVD122 Halloween: Invitation to Occult? * NEW * CDA17 DVDHAL Eternal Security CDA82 DVD56 Kabbalah REMASTERED CDA26 DVD23 Footprints of the Messiah CDA37 DVD105 Spiritual Gifts - 3 Hours CDA42 DVD155 Fulcrum of the Entire Universe CDA134 DVD134 Thanksgiving CDA84 Heaven and Hell CDA18 DVD07 The Architecture of Man CDA45 Hidden Treasures CDA128 DVD127 The Da Vinci Deception CDA23 DVD18 Inheritance & Rewards CDA101 DVD71 The Once & Future Church CDA16 DVD05 Israel and The Church CDA116 DVD110 Twilight’s Last Gleaming? CDA49 DVD61 Jesus: Who & Why? CDA125 DVD124 What Is Truth? CDA63 DVD34 Jonah - The Reluctant Prophet CDA103 FOR TECHNICALLY INCLINED CD Qty DVD Qty Letters To Seven Churches CDA39 Beyond Coincidence CDA34 DVD82 Manifesto of our King CDA62 DVD31 Beyond Newton CDA108 DVD85 Return of the Nephilim CDA14 DVD06 Beyond Perception CDA36 DVD84 The 7th Day CDA093 Beyond Time & Space CDA31 DVD80 The Agony of Love CDA51 Biotech: Update REMASTERED CDA02 DVD30 The Beginning of Wisdom CDA136 DVD136 Digging Up the Truth CDA03 The Christmas Story CDA58 DVD49 DNA by Design - Meyer/Missler DVD79 The Easter Story CDA68 DVD40 Genesis and the Big Bang CDA40 The Feasts of Israel CDA76 DVD44 In the Beginning…was Information CDA32 The Flood of Noah CDA43 Monuments: Sacred or Profane? CDA48 The Origin of Evil CDA85 DVD58 Seat of Mercy CDA07 The Physics of Immortality CDA148 DVD157 Stretching the Heavens CDA57 The Rapture CDA13 DVD75 The Holographic Universe CDA119 DVD116 The Sovereignty of Man CDA41 The Hybrid Age - Missler/Horn CDA113 DVD107 The Trinity CDA33 Technology & the Bible CDA80 DVD52 The Whole Counsel of God CDA102 DVD72 The Mysteries of Mars CDA38 This Generation CDA27 DVD24 Thy Kingdom Come CDA08 DVD63 PROPHETIC UPDATES CD Qty DVD Qty OTHER AUTHORS CD Qty DVD Qty Betrayal of the Chosen CDA50 Critical Thinking - Corlett CDA158 DVD177 Daniel’s 70 Weeks CDA25 DVD19 Death of Discernment - Matsen CDA117 DVD112 Europa Rising CDA15 DVD04 Defending the Bible - Matsen CDA137 DVD137 Hosea, Can You See? CDA44 Discovering God - Matsen CDA131 DVD130 Jihad: America’s New War CDA06 Doctrines of Demons - Matsen CDA142 DVD144 Myths of Eschatology CDA156 DVD167 Human Nature - Matsen CDA132 DVD132 Roots of War: Profiling MidEast CDA11 DVD02 Leadership/End Times - Matsen CDA124 DVD123 The Kingdom of Blood CDA092 The Gospel - Matsen CDA127 DVD126 The Kings of the East CDA61 DVD32 The Great Commission - Matsen CDA130 DVD129 The Magog Invasion: Alt. View CDA107 DVD77 The Love of God - Matsen CDA129 DVD128 The New World Order CDA52 Mary - Dr. William Welty Ph.D. DVD170 The Next Holocaust CDA65 DVD36 The Last Religion - Jeremiah Films DVD180 The Sword of Allah CDA105 The Last Religion 2 DVD1802 TOPICAL STUDIES ORDER SUMMARY CD Qty DVD Qty CD Qty DVD Qty ** Individual Topical Studies ** ** Individual Topical Studies ** MARCH 2023 | Personal UPDATE VOLUME 34 | ISSUE 03 | 33 COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
Each
and contains approximately two hours
All prices in U.S. dollars. See also our online store: https://store.khouse.org For Australia and New Zealand, go to: https://khouse.org.nz
Other Topical Studies MP3 Price Qty CD Price Qty DVD Price Qty Total Alien Encounters Conference DVD131 39.95 Angels Series - Chuck Missler: 6 hrs CDA155 49.95 DVD165 49.95 An Agape Weekend - Chuck & Nancy Missler: 6 hrs CDA121 49.95 DVD118 49.95 Cosmic Codes - Chuck Missler: 8+ hrs CD102 29.95 CDA24 49.95 Expectations of the AntichristChuck Missler & Ron Matsen: 6 hrs CDA141 49.95 DVD141 49.95 Family Matters Vols. 1-3 - DVDMatsen DVD149 39.90 Getting Started Series - Chuck Missler: 8+ hrs CDA097 49.95 Kingdom, Power & Glory WeekendChuck & Nancy Missler: 6 hrs CDA126 49.95 DVD125 49.95 On the Trail of Discovery - Cornuke: 2 hrs CDA154 19.95 DVD163 19.95 Prophecy 101 - Chuck Missler: 4 hrs CD111 19.95 CDA66 29.95 DVD08 29.95 Redesigning the Church - Stolebarger: 2 hrs CDA122 19.95 DVD121 19.95 Seasonal Favorites - Chuck Missler: 10 hrs CD107 39.95 Strategic Trends 2012 - Chuck Missler & Ron Matsen: 4 hrs CDA118 29.95 DVD114 29.95 The Beyond Collection - Chuck Missler: 8 hrs CDA109 49.95 DVD86 49.95 The "Creator" Series - Chuck Missler & Mark Eastman: 8+ hrs CD103 29.95 CDA096 49.95 The Dead Sea Scrolls - Flint: 2 hrs DVD89 19.95 The End Times Scenario - Chuck Missler: 6 hrs CDA090 49.95 DVD113 49.95 The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse: 8 hrs CDA153 49.95 DVD162 49.95 The Holy Spirit - Ron Matsen: 4 hrs CDA138 29.95 DVD138 29.95 The Legacy: Israel in ProphecyChuck Missler: 12 hrs CD104 39.95 The Mystery of Melchizedek - Chuck Missler: 1 hr DVD152 14.95 The Reemergence of Assyria - Ron Matsen: 1 hr DVD154 14.95 The Romance of RedemptionChuck Missler: 4 hrs CDA091 29.95 DVD143 29.95 Weathering the Coming Storm - Chuck Missler & Ron Matsen: 5 hrs CDA120 39.95 DVD117 39.95 Commentaries MP3 Price Qty CD Price Qty DVD Price Qty Total Genesis (24 sessions) CD116 44.95 CDC01 89.95 DVD15 89.95 Exodus (16 sessions) * NEW DVD * CD011 39.95 COMDVDEXO 69.95 Numbers (8 sessions) CD046 29.95 CDC04 44.95 DVD94 44.95 Deuteronomy (16 sessions) CD043 39.95 DVD179 69.95 Leviticus (16 sessions) CD037 39.95 COMDVDLEV 69.95 Joshua/12 Tribes (16 sessions) CD018 39.95 Judges (16 sessions) CD038 39.95 Ruth & Esther (8 sessions) CD019 29.95 CDC20 44.95 DVD66 44.95 I & II Samuel (16 sessions) CD040 39.95 I & II Kings (16 sessions) CD041 39.95 I & II Chronicles (16 sessions) CD048 39.95 CDC09 69.95 DVD76 69.95 Ezra & Nehemiah (8 sessions) CD042 29.95 Job (8 sessions) CD033 29.95 Psalms (24 sessions) CD049 44.95 CDC12 89.95 DVD43 89.95 Proverbs (8 sessions) CD047 29.95 CDC05 44.95 DVD29 44.95 Ecclesiastes (8 sessions) CD039 29.95 Song of Songs (5 sessions) CD017 29.95 CDC30 44.95 DVD98 44.95 Isaiah (24 sessions) CD022 44.95 CDC33 89.95 DVD139 89.95 34 | VOLUME 34 | ISSUE 03 COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
NOTE: Mixed Format Collection includes all available Old Testament Commentary DVDs, PLUS the remaining Audio Only Old Testament Commentaries on MP3 CD-Rom in a single collection!
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Commentaries - Continued MP3 Price Qty CD Price Qty DVD Price Qty Total Jeremiah/Lamentations (24 sessions) CD015 44.95 Ezekiel (24 sessions) CD008 44.95 CDC16 89.95 DVD60 89.95 Daniel (16 sessions) CD004 39.95 CDC02 69.95 DVD20 69.95 Prophets to the N. Kingdom (13 sessions) CD051 34.95 CDC26 59.95 DVD91 59.95 Prophets to the Gentiles (8 sessions) CD052 29.95 CDC27 44.95 DVD92 44.95 Prophets to the S. Kingdom (13 sessions) CD050 34.95 CDC25 59.95 DVD87 59.95 Prophets to the Post-Exile (22 sessions) CD053 44.95 Matthew (24 sessions) CD006 44.95 CDC06 89.95 DVD33 89.95 Mark (16 sessions) CD028 39.95 CDC23 69.95 DVD81 69.95 Luke (24 sessions) CD021 44.95 CDC29 89.95 DVD96 89.95 John (20 sessions) CD027 39.95 CDC32 74.95 DVD120 74.95 Acts (16 sessions) CD023 39.95 CDC31 69.95 DVD104 69.95 Romans (24 sessions) CD009 44.95 CDC10 89.95 DVD46 89.95 I & II Corinthians (22 sessions) CD055 44.95 CDC34 89.95 DVD164 89.95 Galatians (8 sessions) CD012 29.95 CDC15 44.95 DVD55 44.95 Ephesians (8 sessions) CD020 29.95 CDC17 44.95 DVD59 44.95 Philippians (6 sessions) CD030 29.95 CDC28 44.95 DVD93 44.95 Colossians (8 sessions) CD034 29.95 CDC21 44.95 DVD74 44.95 I & II Thessalonians (8 sessions) CD032 29.95 CDC24 44.95 DVD83 44.95 I & II Timothy/Titus/Philemon (8 sessions) CD014 29.95 CDC13 44.95 DVD51 44.95 Hebrews (16 sessions) CD016 39.95 CDC11 69.95 DVD54 69.95 James (8 sessions) CD013 29.95 CDC07 44.95 DVD168 44.95 I & II Peter (8 sessions) CD024 29.95 CDC18 44.95 DVD64 44.95 I, II, & III John (8 sessions) CD029 29.95 CDC22 44.95 DVD78 44.95 Jude (8 sessions) CD010 29.95 CDC08 44.95 DVD169 44.95 Revelation (24 sessions) REMASTERED CD005 44.95 CDC03 89.95 DVD26 89.95 Leaders Commentary Bundle: Timothy, Peter and Jude COMMP3LE 59.95 COMACDLE 89.95 COMDVDLE 89.95 Minor Prophets Set on MP3 CD-ROM * SAVE $44.85 * CD054 99.95 Entire Old Testament on MP3 CDROM * SAVE OVER $430 * CDOTEST 499.00 Entire Old Testament Mixed Format Collection (MP3 CD & DVD) * NEW - SAVE OVER $500 * DVDCDOTEST 795.00
Entire New Testament on MP3 CD-ROM * SAVE OVER $280 * CDNTEST 399.00 Entire New Testament on DVD * SAVE OVER $480 * DVDNTEST 695.00 Entire Bible on USB * NEW - SAVE OVER $950 * USBMP3BIBLE 450.00 Entire Bible on MP3 DVD-ROM DVDMP3BIBLE 550.00 Comprehensive Study Workbooks # Price Qty Total Cosmic Codes Comprehensive Workbook BK124 14.95 Hermeneutics 101 Workbook (How we Got/How to Study Bible) BK136 14.95 Learn the Bible in 24 Hours Comprehensive Workbook BK123 14.95 Prophecy 101 Comprehensive Workbook BK122 14.95 Genesis Commentary Comprehensive Workbook BK120 14.95 Numbers Commentary Comprehensive Workbook BK144 14.95 Proverbs Commentary Comprehensive Workbook BK137 14.95 Daniel Commentary Comprehensive Workbook * NEW * COMDANWBK 14.95 Prophets to the N. Kingdom Comprehensive Workbook BK167 14.95 Prophets to the S. Kingdom Comprehensive Workbook BK168 14.95 VOLUME 34 | ISSUE 03 | 35 COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
The Cornuke Book Bundle - The Search of the Lost Shipwreck of Paul (hardback), Golgotha (paperback), Temple (paperback), and Search for the Ark of the Covenant (paperback).
The Chuck Missler Big Book Bundle: Enjoy 3 of Chuck Missler’s big books in one bundle: I, Jesus; Alien Encounters; and Cosmic Codes!
Chuck Missler Small Book Collection (Paperbacks Included: Angels Volume I, Angels Volume II, Behold a Black Horse, Behold a Livid Horse, Behold a White Horse, Behold a Red Horse, Beyond Coincidence, Beyond Newton, Beyond Perception, Beyond Time & Space, Daniel’s 70 Week’s, Footprints of the Messiah, Hidden Treasures in the Biblical Text, How We Got Our Bible, Israel and the Church, The 7th Day, The Christmas Story, The Feasts of Israel, The Fulcrum of the Entire Universe, The Origin of Evil, The Rapture, The Romance of Redemption, The Spiritual Gifts, The Trinity, How to Study the Bible.)
Daniel: Group Workbook Pack - DVD + 6 Workbooks and Leader's Guide
* NEW *
Daniel Study Set (DVD, Handbook, Workbook) * NEW *
Deuteronomy DVD plus FREE Handbook (paperback)
The Four Horsemen Paperback Bundle (White, Red, Black and Livid Horse)
- 10 Pack
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Zealand,
Comprehensive Study Workbooks - Continued # Price Qty Total Prophets to the Gentiles Comprehensive Workbook BK169 14.95 Matthew Commentary Comprehensive Workbook BK143 14.95 Mark Commentary Comprehensive Workbook BK183 14.95 Luke Commentary Comprehensive Workbook BK177 14.95 John Commentary Comprehensive Workbook * NEW * BK182 14.95 Acts Commentary Comprehensive Workbook BK178 14.95 Romans Commentary Comprehensive Workbook COMWBKROM 14.95 Revelation Commentary Comprehensive Workbook * NEW * COMREVWBK 14.95 Commentary Handbooks - New Revised and Updated Format # Price Qty Total Daniel Commentary Handbook * NEW * NB004FR 14.95 Deuteronomy Commentary Handbook NB041FR 14.95 James Commentary Handbook NB021FR 7.95 Jude Commentary Handbook NB012FR 7.95 Joshua and the Twelve Tribes Commentary Handbook NB002FR 14.95 Genesis Commentary Handbook NB042FR 14.95 Revelation: Commentary Handbook NB013FR 14.95 Romans: Commentary Handbook NB027FR 14.95 Bundles # Price Qty Total Acts Study Set (DVD, Handbook and Workbook) BUNDLE026 80.00 Alien Encounters Bundle (Book, DVD and Audiobook on MP3) BUNDLE017 44.95 Beyond Book Bundle (Paperback:
Coincidence,
Perception
BUNDLE022 19.95 Commentary Handbook Collection -
Commentary Handbooks (Paperback) COMHBKSET 389.80
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Beyond Time and Space, Beyond
Beyond
and Beyond Newton)
Complete set of 44 Printed
BUNDLE023 39.95
BUNDLE029 39.95
BUNDLE021 99.00
DANWBBNDL 124.95
COMDANSET 80.00
BUNDLE020 69.95
BUNDLE003 19.95 The End Times Scenario Bundle (DVD) DVDETSBNDLE 49.95 Genesis: Group Workbook Pack
DVD
Workbooks SGP03 139.95 Genesis Study Set (DVD, Handbook,
BUNDLE011 99.85
Bundle
BNDLGNEWS 39.90
Missler
(paperback) BUNDLE007 50.00
Workbook
DVD
Guide
NEW * SGP14 139.95 Jude DVD plus FREE Handbook (paperback) BUNDLE016 44.95
Bronze Bundle DVD set
KIBDVDBUNDLE 129.95 The
Bundle
DVD
THRBUNDLE 34.95 Leaders Commentary Bundle
DVD
Peter and
Commentaries COMDVDLE 89.95 Mary Bundle: (DVD, Paperback book) BUNDLE013 24.95 Matthew: Group Workbook Pack
DVD
Workbooks SGP10 139.95 Numbers Study Set - (DVD, Handbook, Workbook) BUNDLENUM 59.95 36 | VOLUME 34 | ISSUE 03 COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
-
+ 6
Workbook)
The Good News
(The Love of God, The Gospel and The Great Commission on DVD by Ron Matsen)
Hidden Treasures - Chuck
John: Group
Pack -
+ 6 Workbooks and Leader's
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- The Last Religion 1 & 2
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Jude
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Bundles - Continued # Price Qty Total Prophecy DVD Bundle (Daniel 70 Weeks, Magog, Rapture, Prophecy 101) BUNDLE019 49.95 Proverbs Study Set (DVD, Handbook, Workbook) BUNDLEPRO 59.95 Revelation: Group Workbook Pack - DVD + 6 Workbooks + Leader's Guide SGP11 149.95 Revelation Study Set (DVD, Handbook, Workbook) BUNDLE012 99.85 Revelation Group Study Package - USB * NEW * COMREVGSPUSB 49.95 Romans Group Workbook Pack - DVD + 6 Workbooks SGPCOMROM 139.95 Romans Study Set (DVD, Handbook, Workbook) BUNDLECOMROM 99.85 The Study Bible Bundle: Evidence Bible & How to Study the Bible Book BUNDLE030 34.95 The Supernatural Realm Bundle: Expectations of the Antichrist, The Origin of Evil, Heaven and Hell and the Angels Series BUNDLEDVDSNR 89.95 Weathering the Coming Storm Bundle: Weathering the Coming Storm, Leadership for the End Times, Church in the End Times WCSDVDBUNDLE 49.85 Welty Bundle (Books: I, Jesus, Mary, Since He Wrote About Me) BUNDLE018 29.95 Learn the Bible in 24 Hours # Price Qty Total Learn the Bible in 24 Hours DVD set (24 hrs.) - Chuck Missler DVD25 89.95 Learn the Bible in 24 Hours Book BK107 19.99 Learn the Bible in 24 Hours on Audio CD - 24 CDs + CD-ROM CDA10 89.95 Learn the Bible in 24 Hours CD-ROM CD105 44.95 Learn the Bible in 24 Hours Study set (DVD, Handbook, Workbook) BUNDLE004 99.85 Learn the Bible in 24 Hours Group Study Package - USB LTBUSB 49.95 Books # Price Qty Total The 7th Day - Chuck Missler BK221 5.95 The Agony of Love - Chuck Missler BK234 5.95 Alien Encounters - Chuck Missler & Mark Eastman BK056 16.95 Alien Encounters Audiobook (Audio CD Set) ABK030 34.95 Angels: Vol. 1 - Cosmic Warfare - Chuck Missler BK217 5.95 Angels: Vol. 2 - Messengers from the Metacosm - Chuck Missler BK219 5.95 Behold a White Horse - Chuck Missler BK195 5.95 Behold a Red Horse - Chuck Missler BK196 5.95 Behold a Black Horse - Chuck Missler BK197 5.95 Behold a Livid Horse - Chuck Missler BK198 5.95 Beyond Coincidence - Chuck Missler BK205 5.95 Beyond Newton - Chuck Missler BK207 5.95 Beyond Perception - Chuck Missler BK206 5.95 Beyond Time and Space - Chuck Missler BK204 5.95 Cosmic Codes - Chuck Missler: Revised & Expanded! BK119 19.95 The Christmas Story - Chuck Missler BK199 5.95 Daniel's 70 Weeks - Chuck Missler BK194 5.95 The Easter Story: What Really Happened - Chuck Missler BKEASTER 5.95 The Feasts of Israel - Chuck Missler BK209 5.95 Footprints of the Messiah - Chuck Missler BK210 5.95 Fulcrum of the Entire Universe - Chuck Missler BK218 5.95 Halloween: Invitation to the Occult? - Chuck Missler BKHALLOWN 5.95 Heaven and Hell - Chuck Missler BK231 5.95 Hidden Treasures - Chuck Missler BK100 5.95 How to Study the Bible - Chuck Missler BK226 5.95 How We Got Our Bible - Chuck Missler BK203 5.95 I, Jesus: an Autobiography (Hardcover) - Chuck Missler & William Welty BK188 19.95 Israel and the Church - Chuck Missler BK214 5.95 The Kingdom, Power & Glory - Chuck & Nancy Missler BK150 18.95 Mary: Ten Test Questions for the World's Finest Woman - William Welty BK208 9.95 The Origin of Evil - Chuck Missler BK220 5.95 The Physics of Immortality - Chuck Missler BKPHYSICSOI 5.95 Prophecy 20/20 - Chuck Missler BK139 13.99 The Rapture - Chuck Missler BK193 5.95 The Romance of Redemption - Chuck Missler BK202 5.95 VOLUME 34 | ISSUE 03 | 37 COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
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Shipping Table If Subtotal is: USA CANADA $10.00 and less $2.75 C$4.50 $10.01 - $15.00 $3.75 C$5.50 $15.01 - $30.00 $4.75 C$7.00 $30.01 - $39.99 $5.75 C$8.00 $40.00 - $100.00 FREE! C$9.50 $100.01 - $150.00 FREE! C$12.00 $150.01 - $200.00 FREE! C$13.50 Over $200.00 FREE! C$15.00 Books - Continued # Price Qty Total The Seven Letters to the Seven Churches - Chuck Missler BK227 5.95 Since He Wrote About Me - William Welty BK222 14.95 The Sovereignty of Man - Chuck Missler BK228 5.95 Spiritual Gifts - Chuck Missler BK215 5.95 The Trinity - Chuck Missler BK200 5.95 Robert Cornuke Book Price Qty DVD Price Qty The Cornuke DVD Bundle -
Covenant,
for the Lost Shipwreck of Paul BUNDLEDVD4 44.85 Bob Cornuke 3 Book Bundle (Includes: Explore, The Lost Shipwreck of Paul and Search for the Ark of the Covenant) BCBKBUNDLE 29.95 Explore BKEXP 14.95 Golgotha - Searching for the True Location of Christ’s Crucifixion BK212 12.00 DVD175 19.95 In Search of the Lost Shipwreck of Paul (Hardcover) BK211 12.00 Mountain of Fire - The Search for the True Mount Sinai(Approx. 1 hr) DVD171 14.95 On the Trail of Discovery - (Approx. 2 hrs) DVD163 19.95 Search for the Ark of the Covenant BK223 12.00 DVD172 14.95 Search for the Lost Shipwreck of Paul - (Approx. 1 hr) DVD173 14.95 Search for Noah's Ark - (Approx. 1 hr) DVD174 14.95 Temple BK191 12.00 Tradition BK232 12.00 The King’s High Way Series - by Nancy Missler Book Price Qty DVD Price Qty Against the Tide: Getting Beyond Ourselves BK105 5.95 Be Ye Transformed BK020 17.95 DVD16 49.95 Be Ye Transformed Leader's Guide - Notebook BK023 19.95 Faith in the Night Seasons BK087 15.95 DVD17 49.95 Faith in the Night Seasons Leaders Guide - Notebook BK095 19.95 Hope Against Hope BK189 18.95 Never Give Up! BK129 6.95 Private Worship: The Key to Joy BK114 14.95 Re-Igniting the Passion - (Approx. 4 hours) DVD39 34.95 Reflections of His Image: God's Purpose for Your Life BK140 12.95 The Choice: Hypocrisy or Real Christianity? BK102 6.95 The Key: How to Let Go and Let God BK098 6.95 The Kingdom, Power & Glory BK150 18.95 DVD57 59.95 The Kingdom, Power & Glory Leader's Guide - Notebook BK155 19.95 The Way of Agape BK016 17.95 DVD10 49.95 The Way of Agape Leader's Guide - Notebook BK019 19.95 Tomorrow May Be Too Late BK118 6.95 Why Should I Be The First to Change (Introductory) BK015 6.95 38 | VOLUME 34 | ISSUE 03 COVER • CONTENTS • ORDER
Includes: Search for the Ark of the
Mountain of Fire, Search for Noah's Ark, Search
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Ron Matsen
