ภภภภChapter 6 sorasak
OBJECTIVES • • • • • •
Production Management Production and Operation Production System Production Process Quality Management Productivity
ก (Production) • ก ก • - ! " #! • - $ ก !% & !! • - ก' ( ) % • • ก ก $ ) " *$ • • ก $ก !+ ก $ ) !$ ก ! ( ก !, ) " *$
ก
• • • • • •
ก ก ก ก ก !ก" # $" # %&&'
Production and Operation ภ(production) ภŕ¸
(operation)
- ภ" ( ภ) *+ , + - ภ+ - ภภ$. (process of transforming) / 0 " (Input) *+ ภ, ($. , # 1 (useful output) 2ภ$ . ! (adding value) *+ ภ3"45
Production System •
ภ(production system) - ภ$. (transform) ( ภ($. , / 0 " (input resource) *+ ภ, ($. $ ! ! ภ(higher-valued output) • ภภภภ(operations
management)
- ภภ( 5 + ($. ! + ภ$. " ! ภภภ)
ภ4 ภ1. Time utility ภ! ภ"ภ2. Place utility ภ! "# $ % ! ภ"ภ& ' " & (ภ) ภภ% # $& ( ภ#* $ + " ,ภ- . 3. Ownership utility ! /0 ( ( $ ! 1 # " 4. Form utility ภ! - 2% ( 1 - 3 ) - $& ภ$ $ ) # "
ก $ ก ก 4 * ก !ก • • • • • •
ก " ก ก % " ($. ก " DOOR to DOOR ก "$. " ก ( ก " 6 (7ก8$." ! # ก (0 ! ก + $. +
ภ(factors of
production) 1. ภ( natural resources) - ($. , : % - 2 ), 50 ภ; 2. !! - ($. $ 0 < (skilled labor) - ( . % (unskilled labor) 3. ! (capital) 4. - ภภ(entrepreneurs)
ภภ(production
management) â&#x20AC;˘ ภภภ0 ภภ($. ภ*+ ภภ# $+ ($.* ภ-. % ภ0 % ภ2 ŕ¸
ŕ¸
Input Input
Transformation Transformation Process Process
output output
ภภ1. ภ! 1.1 ภ8-5 -. " (purchasing for resale) 1.2 ภ8-5 -. * + - $. (purchasing for consumption) 2. ภภ" # $ %& ! 2.1 ภภ0 + + - % -. (safety stock)
ภ$ ภภ8-5 â&#x20AC;˘ ภ8-5 -. " (purchasing for resale) â&#x20AC;˘ ภ8- 5 -. * + - $. (purchasing for consumption)
Safety stock â&#x20AC;˘ Safety stock - + - ($. $% -.
-. ' ภ% *+ + - " - 84.
ภภภ% * ภภ$ . ภภ" + - ภ* * ภ. 8-5 * ภ(0 ŕ¸
ภ" # Safety stock 1. ภ* + - ภ" + - +1 2. ภ0 + 0 % ภ$. 3. + ภ. 8-5
+ ภ" %
10 $ # 0 % -.
5
Safety stock 6 * . 8-5 * 6
0 -. * $ŕ¸
Safety stock
ŕ¸
50
10 50 3
ภ'!% 5
650
â&#x20AC;˘ 6 * . 8-5 â&#x20AC;˘ * 6
â&#x20AC;˘
0 -. * $ภâ&#x20AC;˘ Safety stock
25 100 5 3
()ภ" () $!%ภ)% !
(reorder level) -. ($. ภC ภD % 64 $5 , -. - ($. ภ*+ ! + ( " 0 , . (0 ภ. 8-5 + - 6 . % 5 " - ภ" # () $!%ภ)% !* $ + (Reorder level) Reorder level = ( ภ) X ) ภ!. / ) + safety stock ภภ* 6 50 5 , ภ. 8-5 2 ! ภ$ # ภD 6 -. 17 Reorder level = (50 X 2) + 17 = 117
Economic order quantity , ภภ0 + ภ. 8-5 # 0 4 64 " * ภ. 8-5 5 ($. (0 *+ $ * ŕ¸
.0 + - - . 8-5 ($. (0 ( + .0 & ภ)% ! (lead time) ( 5 + ($. * -. ภ. 8-5 ภ( . % # . 5 ! * + - ! ภC (0 * " 8-5 *+ ภ8-5 ภ( . ! " 8-5 % "
&, -!%ภ1. 2. 3. 4.
. (Job Shop) , (Batch) ภภ(Assembly Line) ภ%+ -. (Contentious Flow)
ภภ#, (Quality
Management) - % ! ' ภ' ! ! !ภ' ! ภ! (9!( )$%
&, -!% #, 1. ;< ( 2. ;< ( $ 3. ;< ( ภ!ภ' 4. ;< ( 5. ;< ( $ +
ภ. (Productivity) â&#x20AC;˘ 9! - - .9! ภ* ' !- (+? (output) % ' ! @$$ ภ- ( ภ) .9 ! ' ภ% ! / â&#x20AC;˘ Productivity = Output / Input
0 • + 4. $ * 1 * 6 200 5 % 400 5 $ (2 ก ( %
" ภ.
â&#x20AC;˘ ภ$ภ( - - % 5 ! ! / - input output ( - input ! output - input ! output ( - input ( output ( - input ! output ! input ! ภŕ¸
+ " ก .
) & ?$ ก ( ก ) ก & ? ! - ก ( ! !ก ) ก " ! ) ก ! - ก ( ก ;?)
) $ ! ก$ !% $ ! - !'9/ " ! ) ! ?ก A@ BC ก ก ' !' !% & ก กD ก $ !! % %
/ ($. $ ภ.
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7.
;< ( (Quality)
(Cost) ภ! (Delivery) < (Safety) ' E ภ!)$) ภ! (Morale) ! (Environment) $ ;) ภ+ ภ$ (Ethics)
. ($. , " " ก .
1. 2. 3. 4. 5.
ก ' !
! ก ก ก E ! !$ กก !
7.ก ! ก'? 8. ! !% ( !( 9.ก . ! !$ ก 10. ;< ( ก F • ก -
ก F
CONCLUSION