! (Key Performance indicators)
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! 3 4 ? ! (Key Performance indicators) ภภKPI ภภ! "ภ# $ % &' ( &( % "! "ภ# $ $ )* + ' , % & # % - . /ภ! "ภ$
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7 8 ก 9 : ก , # % 0,! -( ก , % &ก !*# $ , ก ( $ # 1 1. ก ก
ก , # , , กก ก &( % "! ก 2 % 3 + , , / , 4
. &( % " $ # , ' $ % & ' ( &( % " ก $ 1 2. ก ก ! " # $ % (Critical Success Factors) + , ก 5,, 2 % 0, ก ก
ก 2 ,* ก , 5,, # 1 3. ก ก 6 7 + ' , & ก, ' + ก ก ' "ก 2 ก ' & #, % # !*# / ' & # 3
ภ; < ภภ2'' % 0, -( ภ, , ภ64 $ # 1. % ภ' % 9 " . ภ, 2 ภ( -"! "ภ2. ภ' # # ภ2 $ ภ3. ภ' # ( (Lead Indicators) 2 (Lag Indicators) 4. # % !*# , '( ' ' (ภ5. # % !*# # "ภ% & ' ( $ 80 # # , ภ& . "ภภ' # $ % & ' ( $ ภภ$ , # # $ % &2% &* % & ภ2 , ! "ภ6. # % & $ 2 ! ,! '( $ $ # + ! , / 2 + , # # 4
ก; < : = 5 ? ก (Johnstone, 1981) 1. ' #% & % % 9 ก ก '% %. / 9*ก6 ก ' # % 9 % " % % 9 &+ก 2 $ กก0 2 $ , &+ก 2 2 2. ' # ก64 2 ก $ , ก 2 , ก ' # ก , กก 2 % / -"ก ! ก / 0 . / ! % %. / ก 9*ก6 2 2 , % % 9! % %. / ก 9*ก6 / / ก64 P/ , , % ! + ก
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ก; < : = 5 ? ก (Johnstone, 1981) 3. ' #, ก 4 ' # 2% %. / 9*ก6 ! 4 # ก 2 ! ' #, ' 'ก ' ก4Q" ก $ # ก % ' #, ก ก 2 ก4Q" ! ' # , 4. ' #, , 4 ,( # $ ' #ก0% & 2 $ 5. ' # / # R ก / S T6U
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F = < (4% ' % V # (9 ภV, % , 2544) 1. (validity) ' # , ' #$ (4 ภ64 ภ$ &+ภ2 )* ภ64 % V # 1.1 0 (relevant) ' # # $ 0 3 % / -" ภ! 3 ภ' (4 ภ64 ( GPA ' # % T - ^ ภ3 $ 1.2 2 (representative) ' #, 2 (4 ภ64 ( ( ' ( " ภ' % V! (4 ภ64 ( '& (4 .+ ภ' #%. ภ$! ! + ` 7
F = < (4% ' % V # (9 ภV, % , 2544) 2. (reliability) ' # , ' # (4 ภ64 ( $ & % ' #$ ภ)# ภ)* ภ64 % V # 2.1 (objectivity) ' # # $ ภ% , ภภ' ! ' # !*# + ภ'%. + (4% ' ! % # ภภ, !*# + ภ' + %*ภ% 2.2 (minimum Error) ' # # $ $ , , ภ2 ! + &
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F = < (4% ' % V # (9 ภV, % , 2544) 3. ภ(neutrality) ' # , ' # ภ9, ภ(bias) $ 3 ! f` f` * $ # 3 ภภ' # P/ ภ64 % 0, $ ( - 4. $ (sensitivity) ' # , $ (4 ภ64 ( % & 2% 2 2 ภ"$ , 3 ' # , 2 / /
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F = < (4% ' % V # (9 ภV, % , 2544) 5. % ภภ$ (practicality) ' # , % ภภ$ )* ภ64 % V # 5.1 ภ0'! + (availability) ' # , % & $ ภ0' ! + $ % ภ% & ภ0' ' ! + , ภภ, ' % ภ$ 5.2 2 (interpretability) ' # ภ,( %+ %( 2 %( ! , 2 % &% ภ4Q" % (4. /$
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F = < (4% ' % V # (%( % - ^ R% -(", 2539 ) 1. ภ(Neutrality) &* $ ! ' # ภ' # . /! 2 (labor productivity) )* % $ , 2 ' #$ . 2 . ' ภ, ! ภ/ ภi ' . ' ภ# '( ภ, ภ% ภi ' . ภ, ภภภภ2 2. &( % (Objectivity) &* ภ% ภภ' ! ' # $ ภ, ภภ! + , 2 !*# + ภ'%. + + -
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F = < (4% ' % V # (%( % - ^ R% -(", 2539 ) 3. $ 2 ภ(Sensitivity) &* % &! ' # , 2 ภ"$ &+ภ4. ! ' # $ $ % ภ(Meaningfulness & Interpretability) ภ! ,( %+ %( 2 %( ! , + 0 &* 10 0 &* 100
! ' # $ , ภภภ+ 60 , $ %+ ภP (50) / 0ภ2 ภ! 2 ' #$ %+ %( ( %( ) 2 ภ2 $ 50 120 ภ0$ ' 50 120 # , $ $
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F = < (4% ' % V # (%( % - ^ R% -(", 2539 ) 5. &+ภ# ! ' # (Content Validity) ภ9*ภ6 / S ' # , 9*ภ6 2 # 9*ภ6 # $ ' # &+ภ# ภ6. &+ภภ/ S ' # (Development Validity) ภ/ S ' # ภ2 ภ$ , ' ภภ+4ภ&+ภภ/ S ,* !*# + ภ' % &/ %+, "$ T6U % ภ' , ภ6" ภU
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= ภ: ' ' % V ภ$ 5 ภ# (Spee and Bormans, 1992, ; Veld and Spee, 1990 and Sizer et al., 1992 &* McDaniel, 1996) 1. ภG ภ9 (Monitoring) / ภ'ภ% ,. "ภ2. ภ? ! (Evaluation) ภ' ( &( % " # $ ภ/ 3. ภ?P (Dialogue) (4 ภ% % $ 2% 0 &* ภ. ภ,! "ภ+ 4. ภ?P F! (Rationalisation) ' ' ภ' ภ2 ! "ภ5. ภ9 T ภ(Resource Allocation) $ '' (
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KPI < : - ' % ' ภภ0' 2 4 % ' KPI Total Time * % " ภ' 10,080 /% "/ Available Time = Total Time 1 Unavailable Time Unavailable Time ( , % " ( , z Used Time = Available Time - Available Unused Time Available Unused Time / , 2 $ / $ 2 ภ% ) # (no order)
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KPI < : - ' % ' ภภ0' 2 4 % ' KPI Operation Time = Used Time 1 Planned Halt Time Planned Halt Time , , # , 2 $ 2 , ( / ( ' ภ/ overhaul , ภ, / % Production Time = Operation Time 1 Routine Production Stoppage Routine Production Stoppage ( , (ภ# % change over, cleaning, start up, adjustment , shut down Effective Time = Production Time 1 Unexpect Stoppage Unexpect Stoppage ( 3 $ % ภ, &( ' ภ, $  Â&#x201A; ', # $ $ , / ภภ(' (
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KPI < :
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KPI < : 1. % Availability Rate ,( % "! ภKPI : / / ! , ภ% & % , $ $ 3 ภ(loading time) ภภ, ภ%+V % # ภ$ (total downtime) ! + ' : Used Time # ภ2 Planned Halt Time Plan Non Operation Time ( 3 ภภ$ ภ( ภภ( / ) , ภDowntime %+V % $ ! , ภ$ % & % $ Operation Time = Used Time - Planned Halt Time %+ ภ4 : % Availability Rate =
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KPI < : 1. % Availability Rate ภ4 : Used Time = 480 ( * ภ' 8 3 x 60 * 3 ) Planned Halt Time = 60 Operation Time = 480 1 60 = 420 Downtime = 20 % Availability Rate = = 95.24 %
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KPI < : 1. % Availability Rate ! KPI : " )0 " (%) + 2''ภ: 1. % " + 2''! 2% 2 ภ 3 ,( % ", ' * z 2. ภP # 2 ภ,ภTPM (ภ% ", &* 5,,(' 3. 2 ภ! , ภ, . / ! line ภ2 . / ! 3 4. % ( P (ภภ' + , ภ3 $ ' '
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KPI < : 2. % Performance Rate ,( % "! ภKPI : / 0 ภ% )* , ภ%. /! , ภ2 % &! ' ( ! + ' : 1. Theoritical cycle Time % % &! , ภ,
$ / # 2. Actual Output , % $ 3. Production Time = Operation Time 1 Downtime %+ ภ4 : ( Theoritical cycle time x Actual Output ) % Performance Rate = x100% Pr oduction Time
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KPI < : 2. % Performance Rate ภ4 : 1. Theoritical cycle Time = 0.48 / # 2. Actual Output = 800 # 3. Operation Time = 420 4. Downtime = 20 5. Production Time = Operation Time 1 Downtime = 420 1 20 = 400 % Performance Rate =
(0.48 x 800) 400
x100%
= 95.24 % 22
KPI < : 3. % Quality Rate ,( % "! ภKPI : / 4% ภ$ R # $ ! + ' : Defect , % (4. / ภR # $ Actual Output , % $ # %+ ภ4 : % Quality Rate =
( Actual Output â&#x2C6;&#x2019; Defect) Actual Output
x100%
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KPI < : 3. % Quality Rate ภ4 : Defect = 2,000 # % " Actual Output = 84,000 # % " % Quality Rate
(84,000 â&#x2C6;&#x2019; 2,000) x100% = 84,000
= 97.62 %
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KPI < : 4. % OEE
,( % "! ภKPI : / % - . /3 ! , ภภ' ภ' ( / ! 0 ภ% 2 (4. /! %
! + ' : % Availability Rate % Performance Rate % Quality Rate %+ ภ4 : % OEE =
% Availability Ratex%Performance Ratex%Quality Rate 10,000 25
KPI < : 4. % OEE ภ4 : % Availability Rate % Performance Rate % Quality Rate % OEE
= 95.24 % = 96 % = 97.62 %
= 95.24 x 96 x 97.62 10,000 = 89.25 %
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KPI < : 5. Energy Cost ,( % "! ภKPI : / , ! ภ/ ภ%
! + ' : 1. Energy Cost , / ' ( $  Â&#x201A; , # , # # / ) 2. 4ภton kg !*# + ภ'2 3 %+ ภ4 : , / Energy Cost =
4ŕ¸
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KPI < : 5. Energy Cost ภ4 : 1. Energy Cost = 400,000 ' 2. 4ภ= 1,000 ton Energy Cost
=
400,000 ' 1,000 ton
= 400 ' / ton
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