A Handbook of Career Options by Rainbow Homes Program

Association for Rural and Urban Needy Rainbow Foundation India H. No. 1-1-711/C/1, Opposite Vishnu Residency, Gandhi Nagar, Hyderabad-80 Ph.: 040 65144656 Website: rainbowhome.in

Printed by: Print World # 9810185402

A HANDBOOK OF CAREER OPTIONS

Association for Rural and Urban Needy Rainbow Foundation India

Association for Rural and Urban Needy (ARUN) works with marginalised communities in urban and rural areas particularly with Dalits, Safai Karamcharis, Children Without Adult Care and Distressed Communities that are victims of homelessness; by establishing supportive, caring systems that will ensure freedom from hunger, violence and deprivation and enable a life of peace, social integration, harmony and dignity. ARUN acts as the coordinating agency between the Rainbow Foundation India (RFI) and our 21 partners spread across 8 cities who implement the Rainbow Homes for Girls and Sneh Ghars for Boys; It is also an implementing agency ensuring that the day-to-day management of the homes, its rules and policies adhere to the larger principles and specifications of, the Rainbow Home model across the country. Association for Rural and Urban Needy (ARUN) provides statutory and legal support for Rainbow Foundation India. Rainbow Foundation India undertakes constructive activities to empower children from the most disadvantaged backgrounds and in difficult circumstances to access their rights through influencing policy and establishment of voluntary, noncustodial, secure home offering comprehensive, residential care to enable them to become responsible and contributing citizens.

A Handbook of Career Options

Association for Rural and Urban Needy Rainbow Foundation India

Introduction When children progress from elementary to high school stage and beyond in their education, they begin to worry about what subjects to study which will lead to good job prospects. Unlike the western approach to education where students can take a variety of combinations to suit their interests, post class ten, the Indian system of education is divided into streams which allow extremely limited movement across the verticals. Therefore, the subjects that the student chooses to study would determine the kind of job prospects she/he can expect when the time comes. Everybody around the young adults asks the same question – ‘what are you planning to take up? Science? Humanities? Or Commerce?’ The question only adds to the dilemma and the confusion. It is certainly not easy to answer and it’s a tough situation to be in. The problem is compounded by the fact that the children and their parents/guardian usually have very little information on the options available or other specific information regarding the job market. The internet has somewhat filled this vacuum but thousands of students from underprivileged backgrounds are still deprived of 24x7 technological support. This is a compilation that all young adolescents at possibly the first crossroad of their lives will find extremely useful. It lists out details of more than 200 career options grouped under 13 broad categories. The format provides a description of the work and has information on the qualifications required, the level of income possible and the institutions that offer courses and trainings. It is a valuable resource that provides information in a simple, user-friendly format but it does not claim to be exhaustive. Snehsathis, students and job-seekers are encouraged to explore many other avenues that offer information and options. Reading the newspapers and listening to the news give insights into emerging areas of professions and employment. Conduct internet searches and browse through websites to see what is ‘out there’ and what people are doing. In the process, something interesting might catch the eye, leading to an area of engagement that could be suitable and exciting for an individual. Visit career expos/fairs and exhibitions in your city which offer a lot of information under one roof and help desks that provide answers to queries. The brochures and pamphlets that can be picked up at these venues can be filed away and referred to at later dates. Gathering information and knowing about options available in the employment or entrepreneurial markets is one part of the process of decision making. The other and more complex area is to understand young adult and what they aspire. Help the young adult to look at themselves and to assess their personality, what makes them happy, what are the activities that youth seem to be able to do effortlessly and well; what are the tasks over which the youth seem to need time to understand. Understanding oneself is not a lonely,

individual activity. It is a two-way process. One is to undertake a self-review and the other is to seek views from people who know the youth in different ways and whose opinions can be relied on. These could be people like a concerned teacher, a professor, a mature family member, a mentor, a trusted friend, a senior in the college etc. who would be able to help understand oneself by telling what they think the strengths are and what one could excel in. It would be worthwhile to also take an aptitude test. Aptitude tests are designed in different ways for different occupations. Basically, these are psychometric tests based on multiple intelligences which map how you will respond in similar real life situations and indicate your propensity to succeed in professions that require predominant use of specific multiple intelligences. They give you an idea of what would suit you. Most aptitude tests are available on-line but there are career counselors/agencies that conduct the test for a fee and also help you to analyse and understand the results. It is important to remember that each of the recommendations is not exclusive of the others. All options and opportunities should be explored. Encourage the young adult to settle in, understand the work and start to perform and give time to the organization to integrate. Transition of older child out from the Rainbow Home/SnehGhar is detailed out in a manual titled, â&#x20AC;&#x153;Udaan: Taking Flight.â&#x20AC;?

Contents A. Accounts........................................................................................................................................7 B. Banking & Insurance................................................................................................................ 15 C. Defence....................................................................................................................................... 22 D. Education.................................................................................................................................... 31 E. Engineering................................................................................................................................ 44 F. Entertainment............................................................................................................................. 54 G. Healthcare.................................................................................................................................. 64 H. Hospitality/Tourism................................................................................................................. 85 I. Law..............................................................................................................................................108 J. Retail...........................................................................................................................................116 K. Railways...................................................................................................................................126 L. Skilled & Semi-Skilled Jobs..................................................................................................149 M. Social Work..............................................................................................................................190

Key to the Symbols used in the Document

Eligibility

Professional Qualifications

Duration of Qualifying Course

Skills & Aptitude

Future Options

Job Market

Starting App. Salary + Benefits

Growth

Top Institutions

Accounts

Accounts Sub-Categories: 1.

Cashier/Billing Assistant

Stock Keeper

Accounts Executive (Junior Accounts Executive)

Account Assistant

5. Accountant 6.

Chartered Accountant

1. Cashier/Billing Assistant This job profile is available in most sales sectors. A cashier/billing assistant is responsible for preparing the bills, processing payment through cash/credit card, and providing excellent customer service at all times and ensuring customer satisfaction.

10+2 Pass

B.Com is preferred. However, graduates having knowledge of accounting may also be hired.

3 years

Ability to work under pressure, good communication and interpersonal skills, and good mathematical skills.

Good

Rs 8,000 - 10,000 pm

One could be promoted to Accounts team of the firm. Sri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), Delhi; Loyola College, Chennai; St. Xavierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Kolkata; Lady Sri Ram (LSR), Delhi; Christ University, Bangalore; Badruka College, Hyderabad; and various other colleges across the country. 9

2. Stock Keeper Stock Keeper is the person who is specifically appointed for the purpose of maintaining track of stock/inventory of a firm. They maintain the inventory books, keeps track of stock and work in tandem with the accounts team. They are also responsible for buying and selling of stock.

10+2 Pass

B.Com is preferred and is the minimum requirement in most organizations.

3 years.

Excellent communication skills; ability to handle logistics and admin work; and good mathematical skills.

Good.

Rs 8,000-15,000 pm

One could be promoted to the Accounts team. Sri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), Delhi; Loyola College, Chennai; St. Xavierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Kolkata; Lady Sri Ram (LSR), Delhi; Christ University, Bangalore; Badruka College, Hyderabad; and various other colleges across the country 10

3. Accounts Executive (Junior Accounts Executive) This is generally the entry level position in Accounting. They are responsible for General Accounting. Also for executing day to day accounts writing activity in Tally Software, executing monthly accounts/taxation closing with the help of CA and executing admin level tasks. They are also responsible for handling all client-related issues.

B.Com is preferred and is the minimum requirement in most organizations.

None

3 years.

Knowledge of accounting software such as: Tally, Busy;proficiency in MS Office; ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines.

Good.

Rs 8,000-10,000pm.

One can be promoted to Accounts Assistant and then Accountant Sri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), Delhi; Loyola College, Chennai; St. Xavierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Kolkata; Lady Sri Ram (LSR), Delhi; Christ University, Bangalore; Badruka College, Hyderabad; and various other colleges across the country. 11

4. Account Assistant This is a level higher than Accounts executive. Their responsibilities include preparing daily expense reports, salary and other accounts management works, routine accounting work on day-today basis, daily billing, cheque deposit, bank reconciliation, stock maintenance, handling & deposition of cash in bank and daily correspondence with related bodies.

10+2 Pass

B.Com

3 years

Knowledge of accounting software such as: Tally, Busy; proficiency in MS Office; ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines.

Good.

Rs 8,000-12,000 pm

One could be promoted to Accountant. Sri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), Delhi; Loyola College, Chennai; St. Xavierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Kolkata; Lady Sri Ram (LSR), Delhi; Christ University, Bangalore; Badruka College, Hyderabad; and various other colleges across the country. 12

5. Accountant An Accountant is responsible for all accounting activities in a firm. Usually has a team to support him/her. Has to maintain company's accounts, file taxes, do budgeting and reporting work. He/she is the senior-most member of his/her team and is sometimes lower than a CA.

10+2 pass

B.Com is a must and experience is preferred

3 years

Knowledge of various accounting procedures such as taxation (direct & indirect); knowledge of various accounting software such as Tally, Busy; and ability to work under pressure.

Good

Rs 20,000- 25,000 p.m.

One can handle the whole accounting part of a firm. In case of an MBA, one could be promoted to Chief Financial Officer (CFO). Sri Ram College of Commerce (SRCC), Delhi; Loyola College, Chennai; St. Xavierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Kolkata; Lady Sri Ram (LSR), Delhi; Christ University, Bangalore;Badruka College, Hyderabad; and various other colleges across the country. 13

6. Chartered Accountant Chartered accountants offer financial advice, audit accounts and provide trustworthy information about financial records.They play a strategic role by providing professional advice, aiming to maximise profitability on behalf of their client or employer.They work in many different settings including public practice firms and industry and commerce, as well as in the not-for-profit and public sectors.

Chartered Accountant- Common Proficiency Test (CA- CPT)

Integrated Professional Competency Course (IPCC)

Exhaustive knowledge of accounting, taxation, financial analysis, etc.; hard working and time management skills. Chartered accountants can take up the position as Finance Managers, Financial Controllers, Financial Advisors or Directors (Finance) in the private sector companies.Those interested in Government sector can take the coveted posts like director finance, chief executive or the Head of the Department of the accounts, information technology etc. Besides joining big organizations CAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s can also have their own consultancy or private practice. Excellent

Rs. 25,000 to Rs. 30,000

Banking & Insurance

Banking & Insurance Sub-Categories: 1. Clerk 2.

Probationary Officer/ Management Trainee

Administrative Officer

Administrative Officer (Insurance)

Insurance Agent

1. Clerk A Bank Clerk is an employee of a bank who receives and pays out money. Bank of India recruits clerks every year on the basis of the clerk common written exam conducted by Institute of Banking Personnel Selection (IBPS). The candidates who possess a valid score card on behalf of their qualifying status are only eligible to apply for the Clerk Vacancies given by the bank. In order to sit for the Bank Clerical Exam, one should have completed 10+2. Only candidates possessing minimum Total Weighted Standard Score (TWSS) in the Common Written Examination (CWE) conducted by IBPS should apply.Minimum age should be 18 years and maximum age is of 28 years. Age is relaxable for the reserved candidates as per the rules. None The ability to work neatly and accurately; good written and verbal communication skills; knowledge of regional language; good numeracy and calculation skills; good IT skills and computer literacy; an honest and trustworthy nature and good attention to detail. Good

The initial Basic Pay of a clerk will be Rs.7, 200-8000 (in government banks house rent allowance, dearness allowance and various other benefits are provided). Promotion prospects are quite high in the banking sector as banks generally prefer to promote employees, rather than hire new workers for jobs that require experience. As a Bank Clerk, one could move to a cashier or supervisor role.

2. Probationary Officer/Management Trainee A Bank Probationary Officer (PO) is the starting level appointment for bank officers. Job profile of PO is general banking, administration work and any other work assigned by the bank from time to time. They are trained for accounting, marketing, finance, investment as well as billing. The bank PO also works on increasing other aspects of the bank's business such as the loan department, the mortgage and finance divisions of the bank. Handling customer complaints and issues is also the responsibility of the Bank PO. They join the bank as an Assistant manager after the end of probation period. Graduation in any discipline of a recognized university or equivalent qualification recognized by the Central Government. Computer knowledge is not necessary.The selection of probationary officer in the public sector commercial banks is done by Banking Service Recruitment Board (BSRB) on the basis of a written test. None Bank Probationary Officer Correspondence Course (POC Course): The course duration is generally 3 months but the duration can be reduced to 2 months if the student joins 2-2 Â˝ months prior to the date of exam. The ability to work neatly and accurately; good written and verbal communication skills; knowledge of regional language; good numeracy and calculation skills; good IT skills and computer literacy; an honest and trustworthy nature and good attention to detail. After gaining few years of experience and depending upon skill/ aptitude, the person would be given an opportunity to work in other areas like planning, marketing, budgeting, processing of loan, investment management etc. The job market for POs is good since banks are now opening their branches in most remote areas of the country. Thus a lot of manpower is required to fulfill the tasks. The initial Basic Pay of a Bank PO will be Rs.14,500(in government banks house rent allowance, dearness allowance and various other benefits are provided). Depends on the performance of an individual while at work and the exams conducted by the bank for promotion. 18

3. Administrative Officer The Administration Officer is responsible for maintaining day to day financial, accounting, administrative and personnel services in order to meet legislative requirements and support municipal operations.

Clear Export Import Bank of India (EXIM) Bank Exam, Graduation with 50% marks. Fluency in English is required, and 2 yearsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; experience in secretarial work.

3 years graduation+2 yearsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; experience.

Supervisory skills, accounting and book keeping skills, analytical and problem solving skills, decision making skills, effective communications skills, computer skills including the ability to operate computerized accounting, spreadsheet and word processing programs at a highly proficient level, stress management skills&time management skills. Future Options: Bank Teller, Customer Service Officer, International/ Overseas Officer, Telephone Consultant (Banking), Credit Officer (Lending/Loans Officer), Operations/Accounts Officer.

Good since banks are on a continuous lookout for fresh people.

Initial pay: Rs.8000 500 (in government banks house rent allowance, dearness allowance and various other benefits are provided).

Depends on the performance of an individual while at work and performance in exams conducted by the bank for promotion.

4. Assistant Administrative Officer (Insurance) Insurance administrators are responsible for issuing new policies, dealing with amendments and renewal of policies, liaising with insurance companies and policyholders, handling queries and any other ad hoc administrative tasks. Graduate/ Postgraduate degree holders in any subject with minimum of 50% marks from a recognized university and age between 21 and 28 years can apply for these posts. Recruitment is through a written examination(IBPS Regional Rural Banks Office Assistant Exam), and interview.

None

Rs.15,000- 35,000 plus commissions.

Assistant Administrative Officers can be promoted to Administrative Officers after gaining required work experience.

5. Insurance Agent Insurance agents are responsible for advising and convincing individuals, families and businesses to select insurance policies that provide the best protection for their lives, health, and wealth. They work as the agents of the insurance company and sell their policy on a commission basis.

10+2 pass in any stream. Should have cleared the exam conducted by Insurance Regulatory Development Authority (IRDA).

Excellent Communication & Inter-personal skills, ability to work under pressure, knowledge of various insurance policies, marketing skills and multi-tasking skills.

Good

Rs 15,000 -25,000 p.m.

An insurance agent can become a Development Officer over time, after acquiring necessary experience.

Defence

Defence Sub-Categories: Army:

1. Soldiers

2. Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO)

Navy/Coast Guard:

3. Sailor/Naviks

4. Yantrik (Technical Sailors) in Coast Guard

5. Topass

6. Seaman

Air Force:

7. Airmen in Technical Trades& Non-Technical Trades

ARMY 1. Soldiers Soldiers fight as a part of an organized land-based armed force. They carry out a wide range of military duties such as taking part in operations and learning a skill or trade essential to the army. Only men are recruited as soldiers. 16-21 years. 10th pass with minimum 45% aggregate marks & 32 % marks in each subject. Candidates having higher qualification (10+2) more need not have 45% in 10th class. Every male citizen, irrespective of caste, class, religion and domicile, is eligible for recruitment in the Army, provided he meets the laid down age, educational, physical fitness and medical standards. Clear Common Entrance Examination (CEE) which consists of G. K. & Arithmetic High School/X syllabus and Physical Fitness Test

NA Sense of responsibility, determination, courage, and common sense As an experienced soldier one could take on specific duties, such as target surveillance or explosives work or apply to join a specialist unit like the commandos. Frequent advertisements by Indian Army in leading newspapers and other portals. Huge Demand, but tough to get entry. Rs. 4,000-7,000, free ration, clothing, accommodation and allied services, medical treatment for self and family, group housing scheme benefits, building loan facilities, canteen facilities. Can be promoted to the post of officer

2. Junior Commissioned Officer (JCO) Junior commissioned officer (JCO) is a term describing a group of military ranks. Those soldiers holding JCO rank receive a commission from the President with commanding power. There are two types of JCOs- JCO in catering caters to the catering needs within the army; while JCO in religious teaching, caters to the specific needs within the army, such as organizing rituals, festivals, etc.

10+2 with Science

Sense of responsibility, Determination, Courage, Common Sense, Empathy.

Frequent advertisements by Indian Army in leading newspapers and other portals.

Starting salary in the range of Rs. 9300 to 34,800. Allowances: Dearness allowance, city compensatory allowance and other allowances which are given to central govt. employees. Depends on performance and opportunities. One can be promoted to senior posts in the army.

Navy/Coast Guard: 3. Sailor/Naviks Navy sailors occupy a number of administrative, managerial and other non-technical roles in the operation and support of the Indian Navy. They undertake a specific group of duties that relate to their specific role. These may include working in health care, hospitality, transport and logistics and in combat. They support the strategic operations and organizational structures of the navy during both peacetime and combat activities, and may travel across the country and internationally in support of the Indian Navy's general and military operations. Naviks may further serve in the General Duty or Domestic branches. Age: 17-22 years. Relaxation of 5 yrs, for SC/ST.Also, direct entry for diploma holders in specific fields (only physical and medical test).

Sense of responsibility, Determination, Courage, Common Sense. Applicants have to apply through advertisements coming in all major newspapers. The job market is good. All recruits shall receive a stipend during their training period at the rate of Rs. 5,700 per month. Pay Band: Rs. 5,200 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 20,200, Grade Pay: Rs. 2,000 & various other benefits. A sailor can become a commissioned officer subject to his/her performance and exam results.

4. Yantrik (Technical Sailors) in Coast Guard Yantriks are responsible for operating and maintaining mechanical, electrical or aeronautical equipment and systems on board the Coast Guard vessels and aircraft.

Diploma in Mech./Elect./Electro./Aeronautical Engineering with min 45%. Age: Max. 22 yrs. Relaxation for SC/ST candidates.

2-3 Years.

Sense of responsibility, Determination, Courage, Common Sense.

NA Applicants have to apply through advertisements coming in all major newspapers. The job market is good but tough to get through. All recruits shall receive a stipend during their training period at the rate of Rs. 5,700 per month. Pay Band: Rs. 5,200 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 20,200, Grade Pay: Rs. 2,000 various other benefits. A sailor can become a commissioned officer subject to certain conditions, depending on his/her performance and exam results.

5. Topass Topass is the only type of non-metric pass recruit in the Indian Navy. His/her job is that of a sanitary hygienist.

8th Pass, Age: 17-21 years.

Physical Test, Medical Test, Interview.

Sense of responsibility, Determination, Courage, Common Sense.

Applicants have to apply through advertisements coming in all major newspapers. The job market is good but tough to get through. All recruits shall receive a stipend during their training period at the rate of Rs. 5,700 per month. Pay Band: Rs. 5,200 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 20,200, Grade Pay: Rs. 2,000 and various other benefits are provided. NA

6. Seaman Seaman is an entry-level position in a ship's deck department. They are required to operate weapon and sensors, look-out duties and boat work.

X with Science, Math and English. Age: 17Â˝ to 21 years.

Written Exam, Physical Test, Medical Test Interview.

Sense of responsibility, Determination, Courage, Common Sense, Healthy. A sailor can become a commissioned officer subject to certain conditions, depending on his/her performance and exam results. Applicants have to apply through advertisements coming in all major newspapers. The job market is good but tough to get through. All recruits shall receive a stipend during their training period at the rate of Rs. 5,700 per month. Pay Band: Rs. 5,200 â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 20,200, Grade Pay: Rs. 2,000 and various other benefits are provided. NA

Air Force: 7. Airmen The duty of an airman in the Indian Air Force is to make sure that all the air and ground operations run smoothly. From operating Air Defense systems to fitting missiles, they are involved in all activities of an air base and lend support to various technical and non-technical jobs.

Cleared class 12 in Science stream. Age: 15-19 yrs.

Written Exam: English, Math, Science, General Awareness/Testing Abilities test and physical test, interview, medical examination.

Sense of responsibility, Determination, Courage, Common Sense. Aircraftsman (AC), Leading Aircraftsman (LAC), Corporal (CPL), Sergeant (SGT), Junior Warrant Officer (JWO), Warrant Officer (WO), Master Warrant Officer (MWO) Applicants have to apply through advertisements coming in all major newspapers. The job market is good but tough to get through. All recruits shall receive a stipend during their training period at the rate of Rs. 8,550 per month. Pay Band: Rs. 5,200â&#x20AC;&#x201C; 20,200, Grade Pay: Rs. 2,000. Other facilities by Air Force Wives Welfare Association are also extended for family of airmen. The initial period of engagement in the IAF is 20 years, which can be extended up to the age of 57 years. Promotion prospects up to the rank of Master Warrant Officer exist to the deserving airmen. NA

Education

Education Sub-Categories: 1.

Nursery School Teacher

Elementary School

Secondary School Teacher

Educational and Vocational Guidance Counsellor (EVGC)

College Lecturer

Physical Education

7. Librarian 8.

Soft Skill Trainer

Yoga Teacher

10. Translator 11. Mathematician

1. Nursery School Teacher A nursery school teacher is responsible for educating and caring for children between the ages of 3-5. They plan and provide activities for preschoolers, teach letters, numbers, colours and shapes, plan healthy snacks, assist students in developing selfesteem and confidence, ensure classroom management at all times, liaise with parents to provide feedback and discuss concerns, encourage studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; positive self-image and creative expression. 10+2 with minimum 50%.

Diploma or degree in Nursery Teachers Training Course (NTT) or Early

Childhood and Care Education (ECCE) 2 years Good communication skills, understanding towards the students, Empathy, Proven ability to teach all children with dignity and respect, Hands on experience in implementing early age curriculum in accordance to school directives and guidelines, in depth knowledge of assessing developmental needs of students and working towards fulfilling them suitably. Nursery School Teacher in government or private school. Good in urban areas, in rural areas, anganwadis are a good option. Government: May range from Rs. 15,000-25,000 depending on the qualification and school. One can also start and manage their own nursery school / play school / pre-school, crĂ¨che/ day-care centre / nursery hobby class, activity club, recreation centre, holiday camps etc. Department of Teacher Training & Non-formal Education, Jamia Millia Islamia University, Ramakrishna Teachers Training Institute (RKTTI), Delhi Teachers Training College, Faculty of Education, and other institutions across the country. 33

2. Elementary School Teacher Elementary school teachers lead classrooms of children ages 4-14 years old. They usually teach multiple subjects to their students, although some specialize in one subject, such as music or physical education. They support, observe and record the progress of their class. 10+2 with minimum 50%. Diploma in Elementary Teacher Education (ETE). CTET (Central Teacher Eligibility Test). Also a Diploma in Education (D.Ed.) or Bachelor in Education (B. Ed.) might be useful. 1- 2 years Good communication skills, understanding towards the students, Empathy, Proven ability to teach all children with dignity and respect, Hands on experience in implementing early age curriculum in accordance to school directives and guidelines, in depth knowledge of assessing developmental needs of students and working towards fulfilling them suitably. Primary School Teacher. Good in metropolitan cities owing to the large number of schools. In villages, the demand depends on the vacancy in schools. Government: Rs. 15,000-25,000 (Depends on the school and the credentials). Private: Rs. 5,000.

NA Lady Shri Ram College for Women, Delhi; St. Xavierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Kolkata; Bangalore City College, Bangalore; Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune; Sathyabama University, Chennai; and various other related institutions across the country. 34

3. Secondary School Teacher In India, secondary school teachers provide education from class 8-10. Secondary school teachers are responsible for planning lessons in line with the syllabus with the aim of ensuring a healthy culture of learning. They must also keep up to date with developments in their subject area, new resources, methods. This role also requires liaising and networking with other professionals, parents and careers, both informally and formally. TGT (Trained Graduate Teacher) - Graduation+ B.Ed. (1 year course full time, 2 years with correspondence). B.Ed. Entrance (For TGT) Test by colleges, CTET (Central Teacher Eligibility Test) 4 years of graduation+ I year of B.Ed. Good communication skills with other adults (colleagues) and children of differing ages, should treat each student as an individual, theirteaching style should cater to students of all abilities and should use different teaching and learning styles (interactive whiteboard teaching, group work, etc.). Should have excellent planning and organizational skills, ability to put together lesson plans and prepare required materials for classes of different skills and year groups, and helping those with special needs or problems at any given time. NA.

Depends on the city.

Rs. 20,000-30,000.

Promotion to Senior Secondary School Teacher Central Institute of Education, University of Delhi, IGNOU; Lady Shri Ram College for Women, Delhi; St. Xavierâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s College, Kolkata; Bangalore City College, Bangalore; Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune; Sathyabama University,and various other institutions across the country. 35

4. Educational and Vocational Guidance Counsellor (EVGC) These professionals counsel individuals to help them understand and overcome personal, social, or behavioural problems affecting their educational or vocational situations, review transcripts to ensure that students meet graduation or college entrance requirements and write letters of recommendation, establish and supervise peer counselling and peer tutoring programs, plan and promote career and employment-related programs and events.

Masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Degree in Psychology from a recognized University & Degree or Diploma in Guidance and Counseling. The majority of employers prefer school counsellors to hold at least a Master's degree in counselling with a specialization in career development. Those who are interested in working in elementary or secondary school settings generally need a Master's degree in school counselling 3-5 years. Ethical behaviour and professional conduct, career development and personal concerns, awareness and appreciation of cultural differences, awareness of their own capacity and limitations, ability to design, implement and evaluate guidance and counselling programs, familiarity with information on educational, training, employment trends,; and ability to communicate effectively with colleagues. NA There is an increasing demand for counsellors in schools catering to the higher class in urban areas. The low income schools generally avoid the costs of hiring a counsellor. Rs. 15,000-20,000 p.m.

Lady Shri Rama, IP College for women, Jesus and Mary College, Jamia Milia Islamia and other institutions across the country.

5. College Lecturer A lecturer teaches in colleges whether it is junior college or a degree college and responsible for giving knowledge to their students in their subject of speciality. Besides giving theoretical knowledge they are also responsible to teach them the moral value of life and make them aware of the practicality of life. To be eligible to be a lecturer one should hold at least a Masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Degree in any of the relevant subject with minimum 55% marks in it. Higher qualifications are always preferred. One has to appear in National Eligibility Test (NET) - national level entrance examination, which is held by University Grants Commission (UGC) twice a year and pass it. This is the only hurdle to be cleared to be eligible to get a job as a lecturer in a college. NA Excellent public speaking skills, good at planning and preparing lessons or seminars; setting and marking assignments, tests and exams; monitoring and assessing studentsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; progress. There are many career prospects upon clearing NET, such asLecturer, reader, Assistant Professor, Professor and even Head of the department. Extremely bright, with the rise in colleges across India, there is a huge shortage of good lecturers.

Rs. 35,000-50,000.

Rise within the department, HOD, freelance work, research work opportunities from government bodies.

JNU Delhi, University of Delhi, Punjab University, and other institutions across the country.

6. Physical Education A physical Education instructor undertakes general teaching tasks, prepares a yearlong program of learning experiences that link physical activities with issues related to health and wellbeing, teach the basic techniques and skills associated with team and individual sports, and coordinate special events such as inter-school sports programs, swimming and athletic carnivals.

Bachelor of Physical education (B.P.Ed.) or B.Sc. Physical Education, Health Education and sports or a B.A Physical Education. A person with Master of Physical Education (M.P.Ed.) degree has an advantage over others. NCC experience is preferred. Also, a person should be skilled in specific sports as per the school requirement.

B.P.Ed. 3 years.

Good communication skills, Empathy, Flexible, Physical Fitness, Leadership, Sports skills.

Can start oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own sports academy.

Good.

Government: Rs. 20,000-30,000. Private: Rs. 10,000 -15,000.

Head Coach.

Indira Gandhi Institute of Physical Education & Sports Sciences, Gargi College, Iasam Academy, Amity school of physical studies and sports sciences and other institutions across the country.

7. Librarian A librarian is responsible for acquiring, organizing, managing, and distributing library resources, and ensuring that library provision meets the need of all its users. A librarian also helps people in finding the books or resources theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;re looking for; preparing and maintaining library catalogues and making them as user-friendly as possible; and maintaining a quiet environment. A librarian may be employed in either a public libraries, private libraries or university libraries. Should be a graduate in any discipline from any recognized university.

Should hold a Bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Degree in Library Science (B. Lib.Sc.)

1 year Interest in books, excellent communication and presentation skills, good customer service skills and organizing skills, ability to multitask, and knowledge of computers. NA Good. These days with the growth in the private sector there are so many private information centres that the demand for librarians is on the rise. Rs. 16,000 to Rs. 30,000 per month depending upon the institute one is working in. Growth in this profession largely depends upon job experience and qualifications one has. An Assistant Librarian is promoted to the position of Deputy Librarian/ Librarian. Over time, a librarian could be promoted to the position of Chief Librarian. Makhanlal Chaturvedi National University Institute of Journalism, Bhopal; Annamalai University, Chennai; IGNOU; Nalanda Open University and various other institutions across the country. 39

8. Soft Skills Trainer A soft skills trainer is the professional expert in inculcating the required skills in the employees and helping in their career development. Since most of the people need polishing and grooming to make fullest use of their potential, a number of private institutes have been set up in market that are doing this job for them. Bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree in any discipline preferably with social sciences, liberal arts and humanities is required to take up a course in this field although these are not the compulsory requirements. One has to undergo soft skill training course or attend Training the Trainers programme. 6-12 months Facilitation Skills, ability to make decision, alertness, assertiveness, attention to details, calmness, commitment, cooperation, emotional stability, empathy, flexibility, generosity, tolerance, self-confidence, self-control, self- reliance, self-respect, honesty and sense of humour to name a few of them. One can set up their own soft skill training organization. Good. Enormous employment opportunities are available for Soft Skill Trainer in private as well as public sector organizations. Rs. 15,000 to Rs. 20,000

NA Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee; IIT- Kanpur; IITKharagpur; National Institute of Technical Teachersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; Training Research (NITTTR), Chandigarh; Kolkata; Bhopal, and various other institutions across the country. 40

9. Yoga Trainer Yoga teacherâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s job includes teaching and training the students about various yogic exercises, long term and short term benefits of yoga to its practitioners. There has been a steady rise in demand for yoga teachers of late, this can be With the rising popularity of holistic and alternative medical care, a lot of importance is being given to yoga teachers and it can be a great career choice. To be eligible to join B.Ed. (yoga) one should be a graduate with minimum 60% in any discipline from a recognized institute. In order to be a yoga instructor one has to posess either one or more of the following qualifications- Certificate in Yoga Education; Diploma in Yoga Education; and/or Degree in Yoga Education. Depends upon the course chosen. Interest and belief in yoga, good level of personal fitness, flexibility, stamina, the ability to motivate individuals and groups; good spoken communication skills, and excellent anatomical knowledge. Can start oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own yoga training center.

Good Rs. 15000 to Rs. 50000 per month. One starts of as an assistant yoga instructor (helping students with their positions and observing the instructorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s teaching methodology), and later based on his/her skills and experience they can become yoga instructor, either at schools/colleges, or fitness centers, or as a private instructor. Swami Vivekananda Yoga AnusandhanaSamsthana, Bangalore; Nirmala Yoga Centre, Ernakulam; BharatiyaVidyaBhavan, Delhi; and various other institutions across the country.

10. Translator A translator translates texts, books, scripts and articles from one language to the desired language without losing the essence of the original text. A successful translator is the person who is able to retain the simplicity and originality of the text they have translated. Translators can find employment in the corporate sector in software developing companies, and in newspapers embassies and magazines. Translation work can be related to a variety of fields like technical, scientific, literary or business. 10+2 is the minimum requirement to do a diploma or degree in a particular language. A diploma or degree in the desired language.Clear Language proficiency tests Like For Japanese, there is a language proficiency test conducted by the Mombusho Scholars Association and Alliance Francaise is the centre for conducting various French tests like theTest d'évaluation du français (TEF), etc. Depends upon the course chosen. Good research and communication skills, public speaking skills, analytical skills, and strong grasp on the language. Can work as freelancers with various government agencies, research organisations, publishing houses, etc. Good. Rs 10,000 to Rs 15,000

IGNOU; and various other institutions offering languages course across the country such as Max Mueller for German. Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Roorkee; IIT- Kanpur; IITKharagpur; National Institute of Technical Teachers’ Training Research (NITTTR), Chandigarh; Kolkata; Bhopal, and various other institutions across the country. 42

11. Mathematician Mathematicians conduct research in fundamental mathematics or in application of mathematical techniques to science, management and other fields. They solve problems in various fields using mathematical methods.They use Mathematical theory, computational techniques, algorithms, and the latest computer technology to solve economic, scientific, engineering, and business problems. The minimum educational requirement for becoming Mathematician is a Degree in Mathematics or a B.Sc. in Pure Science with a strong aptitude for Mathematics. The typical minimal educational requirement for a Mathematician in the private industry is a Ph.D. degree in Mathematics, but opportunities also exist for Master's Degree and Bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Degree. Depends upon the course chosen. Strong analytical and reasoning skills, good communication skills, and enjoys working with numbers. Statistician, Financial Analyst, Teacher/Lecturer and Computer system analyst in banks. Good, but there exists a strong competition. Rs 16,000. Mathematicianâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s salary keeps increasing with experience and time. Those with a graduate degree in Maths, very strong quantitative and data analysis skills, and a background in a related discipline, such as business, computer science, or statistics, have the best job prospects. Madras Christian College, Chennai; Mount Carmel College, Bangalore; University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad; St. Stephens College, Delhi;Indian Institutes of Science Education and Research, Pune; and IITs across the country. 43

Engineering

Engineering Sub-Categories: 1.

Computer Science Engineer

Mechanical Engineer

Metallurgical Engineer

Mining Engineer

Automobile Engineer

Electronics & Communication Engineer

Civil Engineer

Chemical Engineer

1. Computer Science Engineer A computer engineercan be classified into software engineer and hardware engineer.A software engineer, is responsible for developing, testing and evaluating the software that make our computers work. Their job entails developing new computer games, business applications or designingan entirely new operating systems. A hardware engineer is responsible for the research, designing, testing, manufacturing, and installation of computer hardware such as computer chips, circuit boards, and related equipment. A computer engineer may also be responsible for constructing and managing an organization's computer system and supplying technical support.

Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET(Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT(Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineeringor Diploma in Computer Engineering 4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Knowledge of various software programmes and hardware components, strong analytical skills, ability to work in teams & independently, good communication skills, and ability to work under pressure One could pursue a career in computer programming or teach in technical academic institutions Good

Rs 20,000 – 25,000 pm and above Jamia Milia Islamia, Delhi; College of Engineering, Pune; Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Mumbai; JNTU, Hyderabad; Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore; IITs across the country and various other institutions across the country 46

2. Mechanical Engineer Mechanical engineering is a discipline of engineering that applies the principles of physics and materials science for analysis, design, manufacturing, and maintenance of mechanical systems. It is the branch of engineering that involves the production and usage of heat and mechanical power for the design, development, production, installation, operation and maintenance of machines and tools. Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET (Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT (Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Diploma in Engineering 4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Good communication and negotiation skills, ability to work well independently and as part of a team, strong writing and editing skills, ability to work under pressure and be flexible with a constantly changing list of priorities. One can apply for position in various government departments; or pursue higher education. Good Rs 20,000- 25,000 p.m. With time and experience an assistant engineer can be promoted up to the position of Chief Engineer. IITs across the country; Delhi Technological University, Delhi; National Institute of Technology, Patna; JNTU, Hyderabad; West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata; and various Universities across the country. 47

3. Metallurgical Engineer Metallurgical Engineering is a broad field that deals with all sorts of metal-related areas. The three main branches of this major are physical metallurgy, extractive metallurgy and mineral processing. A metallurgical engineer is responsible for developing the sorts of metallic alloys needed for different types of manufacturing and construction. He/she is also responsible for extraction of metals from ores, refining, fabrication and casting of metals. Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET(Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT(Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Diploma in Engineering

4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Ability to work well independently and as part of a team, strong writing and editing skills, ability to work for long hours under tough conditions and strong analytical and problem solving skills, Junior Engineer in Public Sector Units (PSUs); instructor in Polytechnics and Engineering colleges; or scientist in defense labs and weapon manufacturing industries Good

Rs 20,000 – 25,000 p.m. and above JNTU, Hyderabad; various IITs across the country, Efforts Institute of Management & Technology, Delhi; Vel Tech University, Chennai; National Institute of Technology, Durgapur; College of Engineering, Pune; &other Universities across the country 48

4. Mining Engineer Mining engineering is an engineering discipline that involves the practice, theory, science, technology and application of extracting and processing minerals from a naturally occurring environment. Mining engineering also includes locating, extraction and processing of natural resources and minerals like coal, petrol, metallic and nonmetallic minerals, developing layout plans, shafts and incline for quarrying etc. The most important duty of a mining engineer is to find ways to mitigate damage to the environment which occurs as a result of mining activities. Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET(Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT(Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Diploma in Engineering 4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Good communication and negotiation skills, ability to work well independently and as part of a team, strong writing and editing skills, ability to work under pressure, be flexible with a constantly changing list of priorities,ability to work for long hours under tough conditions and strong analytical and problem solving skills, Junior Engineer in Public Sector Units (PSUs); instructor in Polytechnics and Engineering colleges; Junior Engineer in Public Works Department (PWD); or scientist in defense labs and weapon manufacturing industries. Good Rs 20000 - 25000 p.m. Dynamic Institute of Aeronautical Engineering & Technology, Hyderavad; IIT Kharagpur; Gurukul Vidyapeeth North Campus, Patiala; Ballarpur Institute of Technology, Chandrapur and various other institutions across the country. 49

5. Automobile Engineer Automobile Engineers (Automotive Engineers) are the professionals who are specialized in designing vehicles, like cars, Jeeps, trucks, etc. They assist in the design, development, improvement, and modification of a variety of operating systems. They are also concerned with the effective functioning of safety systems. They also conduct research, create visual presentations. Eligibility:Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET(Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT(Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Diploma in Engineering

4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Creative and analytical mind with flair for Physics; managerial skills, ability to work under pressure, and excellent communication skills.

Good

Rs 40,000- 50,000 p.m. Visvesvaraya Technological University, Belgaum; Indian Institute for Aeronautical Engineering and Information Technology, Pune; Anna University, Chennai; West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata; Galgotias University, Noida; Vignana Jyothi Institute of Engineering and Technology, Hyderabad; Delhi Degree College and various other institutions across the country.

6. Electronics and Communication Engineer Electronic communications engineers conceptualize, design, test and oversee the manufacturing of communications and broadcast systems. They mainly work to integrate electronics and communications into any system they develop. These professionals might work for commercial, industrial, military or scientific companies. Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET(Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT(Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Diploma in Engineering

4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Excellent communication and negotiation skills, ability to work well independently and as part of a team, strong writing and editing skills, ability to work under pressure and be flexible with a constantly changing list of priorities. Jobs in various government departments including agriculture, telecommunications, media, etc. Excellent

Rs 2.4 lakhs- 3.5 lakhs p.a. IITs across the country; BITS-Pilani; JNTU, Hyderabad; College of Engineering, Pune; Netaji Subhas Institute of Technology, Delhi; Faculty Council of Engineering & Technology (Jadavpur University), Kolkata; M. S. Ramaiah Institute of Technology (MSRIT), Bangalore; and various other institutions across the country.

7. Civil Engineer Civil engineering is a professional engineering discipline that deals with the design, construction, and maintenance of the physical and naturally built environment, including works like roads, bridges, canals, dams, buildings, and traffic and transport systems. Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET(Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT(Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Diploma in Engineering 4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Excellent communication and negotiation skills, creative, strong analytical and problem-solving skills,ability to work well independently and as part of a team, ability to work under pressure, creative, strong mathematical knowledge and be flexible with a constantly changing list of priorities. One can set up their own consultancy services.

Good Rs 25,000- 30,000 p.m. In government sectors civil engineers are appointed as Assistant Engineers and one could even get promoted to Chief Engineer upon gaining ample experience. IITs across the country; BITS- Pilani; National Institute of Technology, Trichy; College of Engineering, Pune; Faculty Council of Engineering & Technology (Jadavpur University), Kolkata; University College of Engineering, Hyderabad; R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore; &other Universities across the country. 52

8. Chemical Engineer Chemical engineering is all about applying chemical principles to solve problems involving the production and use of chemicals and bio-chemicals. Engineers in this field design supervise installation and handle operation of equipment, plants and work with materials that undergo chemical and physical changes.Chemical engineers are responsible for the chemical, biochemical and/or physical processes that are used to transform raw materials into valuable products. Pass 10th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English, pass 12th Board with minimum 45% with Math, Science & English and pass in any of the following entrance exams • JET(Joint Entrance Test): State-wise • PPT(Pre-Polytechnic Test): State-wise • IIT entrance Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering or Diploma in Engineering

4 years for Bachelor’s Degree in Engineering; 3 years for Diploma in Engineering Good math and science skills, problem-solving and analytical skills, ability to work under pressure, excellent communication & IT skills, ability to work both in teams and individually, managerial skills and experience using chemical laboratory equipment. Engineers in this field have prospects in petrochemical industries, petroleum refining plants, mineral development agencies and plants, chemical engineering projects etc. Good

Rs 15000 - 20000 p.m. and above IITs across the country; BITS- Pilani; National Institute of Technology, Trichy; College of Engineering, Pune; Faculty Council of Engineering & Technology (Jadavpur University), Kolkata; University College of Engineering, Hyderabad; R.V. College of Engineering, Bangalore; & other Universities across the country. 53

Entertainment

Entertainment Sub-categories: 1. Musician 2. Dancer 3. Actor 4. Model 5. Reporter 6. Animator 7.

Disc Jockey (DJ)

Event Management

1. Musician A musician is a person who plays or writes music. One must have an inborn talent to sing along with zeal for regular practice.Musicians can be classified by their roles in creating or performing music: • An instrumentalist plays a musical instrument. • Singer (or vocalist) uses his or her voice as an instrument. • Composers, songwriters. • A recording artist. 10th, +2 (Higher Secondary students) To become a professional in the Music industry one should have a graduate degree (B.A) in Music. The degree and postgraduate degree courses are offered by the private and government arts colleges across India. The course duration for the various programs is as follows:Diploma in music is around two years.B.A (Music) is around three years.M.A (Music) is around two years. Talent, dedication, determination and willingness to learn and put in hard work. ability to adapt and work in teams, creativity and patience. After successful completion of the Bachelor degree, the options for higher education are plenty. One can also set up their own music school, or join an orchestra group. Good The salary can be from Rs.6, 500 to Rs.18, 000 for fresher and increases with the persons experience and knowledge. NA Almost all the deemed and general universities offer Bachelor degree in Music. University Of Calcutta, Atilde University of Delhi, Delhi Music Society New Delhi, SiddhuKanhu University, Bihar and Shri Krishnadevaraya University, Andhra Pradesh are some of the institutions which offer the course. 56

2. Dancer Dance is an ancient art form, wherein dancers express ideas, stories, and rhythm with their bodies. They use a variety of dance forms that allow free movement and selfexpression, including classical ballet, modern dance, and culturally specific dance styles. Many dancers combine performance work with teaching or choreography.

10th / +2 (Higher Secondary students)

A person aspiring for a Career in Dance must earn a Bachelor's degree in Performance Arts (Dance) or any other certificate course in any private or government dance schools The course duration for the various programs is as follows:Diploma in Dance is around two years; B.A. Performance Arts (Dance) is around three years and P.G (Dance) is offered as a two year program in various universities. Physique and Flexibility are two main criteria determining the career success for a professional dancer. A dancer should also develop qualities like versatility, dedication, expressive facial and body language, and stamina. A person with the bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree can opt for postgraduate in Dance, or one can set up their own dance studio., or teach in various dance institutes or even consider a career in choreography. Good The salary for a fresher can be from Rs.8, 000 to Rs.12, 000 for and increases with the persons experience and knowledge. MS University, Baroda; Tilak Maharashtra Vidyapeeth, Pune; RabindraBharati University, Kolkata; Viswa Bharati University, Kolkata; NavSadhana Kala Kendra, Varanasi; Amity University, Noida; and various other institutions across the country.

3. Actor Actors depict characters in stories using their voices, appearances, bodies and gestures. They can work in movies, television, commercials, theater, theme parks and clubs. While working as an actor, they perform for entertainment and informational purposes. Actors can play main characters or supporting roles, and they must audition for casting directors to land a part.

Any person with the skill of acting can take up this profession irrespective of their age. Though it is true that acting cannot be taught as this is skill that comes from within, there are many courses available in a number of acting institutes in India that help one polish this skill and learn the intricacies involved. A degree or diploma in this field may go a long way. Depends upon the course chosen (full time/part time) Besides developing acting skills, aspiring performers should study speech, voice, pantomime, dance and movement, period styles, improvisation, and a variety of other skills like fencing, juggling, or playing a musical instrument. A knowledge of theater history and of play and film production is important. Courses in psychology may also be helpful. In general, the more training and practical experience an actor has, the wider the range of employment possibilities. One can set up their own acting school or teach in an acting school.

There is a high demand for new talent in this field. A stage actor can get somewhere around Rs.1, 000 to Rs. 10,000 per show. To find a good break and be successful in this career, good luck, timing and good personal networking plays a very important role. As an actor, one can work for various theatre productions or even work for TV or radio channels. National School of Drama, Delhi; Film & Television Institute of India, Pune; Actor Prepares, Mumbai and various institutions across the country.

4. Model Models in the fashion world work in promoting clothes and accessories to fashion buyers for major stores, the media, and customers. Fashion models work in various fields, including photographic modeling, television commercials, live or runway modeling, and product modeling.

Just after a 10+2 qualification, one can enter this profession, though its suggested to have at least a graduate qualification which assist in handling the nitty gritty of this profession.

A portfolio of professionally shot photographs is necessary to enter the profession.

Key attributes required to become a model is a good and healthy complexion coupled with lustrous hair. Female Modelling aspirant should ideally be at least five feet and seven inches tall. As for men, the taller they are the better for them. Being photogenic is also one of the key attribute. Camera friendly attitude, plenty of self-confidence and grace while showcasing the products, are all vital in earning a name in this profession.

The job market is very good due to growth in consumerism and media.

Generally, a male model can begin his career with a starting salary of Rs. 6000-10,000 per show and for females; it is around Rs.10, 000 per show. There are very few modelling courses available and most of the reputed ones are confined to Mumbai and Delhi.

5. Reporter/ Journalist News reporters gather information, develop factual stories and produce articles or multimedia for broadcast. Most employers prefer to hire news reporters with a bachelor's degree in journalism, communication or a related field, though experience may be considered as well. Experience in the industry is also preferred for job candidates with a degree.

10+2 To become a journalist one should have a graduate degree in Journalism or Mass Communication (B.A. Journalism/ B.A. Mass Communication). The duration of the courses are as follows: 2 years for a Diploma in Journalism, 3 years for a degree in Journalism or mass communication and 2 years for Masters in Journalism. Ability to stick to deadlines, work under pressure, curiosity, good command over language and creativity. There are various career options for a journalism graduation upon completion of the course such as- Sub-editors; reporters,/ correspondents, columnists, staff or freelance writer, photojournalists, etc. The job market is very good due to growth in the media industry. A fresher earns about Rs 8000 to 15,000 per month. Experience strongly influences income for this job. A reporter could be promoted to sub-editor, who in turn could be promoted to editor. Asian College of Journalism, Chennai; Lady Sri Ram College, Delhi; Indian Institute of Journalism & New Media, Bangalore; Hyderabad Central University, Hyderabad; St. Xaviers College, Mumbai; and various other institutions across the country. 60

6. Animator Cartoon animators work largely in the motion picture and advertising industries. Their general function is to create drawings, either by hand or with electronic aids, and then use computers to produce the chain of images that shapes the animated film or special effect. They may work with a team of professionals to develop films, webpages, promotional spots and computer artwork.

10+ 2 In order to become a professional animator one should have a diploma or degree in any animation course. These courses focus on teaching and equipping a person in various styles and techniques of animation. The course duration is different for each university. Generally UG programs are a three year course and the PG Programs from one and a half years to two and a half years. Apart from having creative streak, knowledge of fundamentals of visual communication and animation, image processing tools, the nature of electronic media and the art of storytelling and a sound knowledge in computer fundas are very important. Success in the animation industry would mainly depend on the willingness to put in hard work and zeal for innovation. Animation application has wide opportunities in the following industries. Entertainment (movies and television), business (product promotions and marketing demos), sales (presentations), education, publishing (graphics and printing), web designing, development of games, advertising and fashion designing, etc. The job market is very good. The salary range for a fresher in the animation industry can be from Rs.10,000 to Rs.20,000 and increases with experience and knowledge. Arena Animation, Delhi; Maya Academy of Advanced Cinematics, Pune; FX School, Mumbai; Arena Animation, Hyderabad; and various other institutions across the country. 61

7. Disc Jockey (DJ) DJs create music for an event or a radio audience by combining various genres and tracks through a variety of equipment like turntables, mixers, graphic equalisers, tape decks and several other sophisticated sound processers. They may work alone or with other music professionals, Master of Ceremonies, and even other DJs, depending on the event.There are mainly two types of DJs - those who work for the radio/ FM channels (radio DJs- popularly known as RJs) and those who work at clubs & perform for a live audience at events (club DJs.)

10+ 2 and a flair for music.

There are no colleges or universities which offer a formal education for becoming DJs. A degree in Communications or Journalism, or a short term DJ development course is an added advantage.

3 months to 9 months. Ear for music, outgoing personality, ability to mix with people and know their mood. He/ she must be well versed with the music in vogue i.e. the hit songs, how to make them trendy by mixing them up etc. The job market is good due to the booming of FM radio and night clubs culture. Depending on oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s credentials and experience, a stint at an event can earn a DJ anything between Rs 30,000 - Rs 70,000 per night. Jazzy Joe, Delhi; Skratchlab DJ Academy, Chennai, I Love Music Academy, Gurgaon, Global DJ Music Production & DJ Training Academy, Mumbai; and various other private institutes.

8. Event Management Event management is a process of organizing a professional and focused event, for a particular target audience. It involves visualizing concepts, planning, budgeting, organizing and executing events such as fashion shows, musical concerts, corporate seminars, exhibitions, wedding celebrations, theme parties, product launching etc. Event Management is an activity which constitutes visualization, creativity, meticulous planning and venue management. To become an efficient event manager, there is no need for a certified qualification. Graduates with excellent public relation and networking skills can enter this field. Some institutes are offering specialized diplomas and advanced diplomas in Event Management with the aim to churn out suitable candidates. Masters in marketing is an added advantage. Excellent communication and inter-personal skills, ability to understand and react quickly to situations, creative, problem solving skills, attention to detail, and leadership skills. . One can set up their own event-management company.

Good Starting App. Salary + Benefits: After a course in event management, fresher's can earn Rs 500-1000 per day. The starting salary for professionals can be anywhere between Rs. 8,000 and Rs. 10,000. An able person can work as a manager in an event management company or as a consultant in corporations or can work independently Bhagwant University - Institute of Management, Ajmer; Brilliant Institute of Hospitality Management, Birbhum; Amity Institute of Event Management, New Delhi; Rachnoutsav Academy, Hyderabad; EMDI Institute of Media and Communication, Mumbai; Institute of Tourism and Future Management Trends (I.T.F.T.), Chandigarh; and other institutions across the country. 63

Healthcare

Healthcare Sub-categories: 1. Nursing 2. Doctor 3.

Clinical Researcher

4. Paramedic 5. Dentist 6.

Dental Laboratory Technician

7. Pharmacist 8. Physiotherapist 9. Optometrist 10. Hospital Housekeeping 11. Medical Transcriptionist 12. Health Sanitary Inspector 13.

Food Scientist

14. Dietitian 15. Hospital Manager 16. Herbal Therapist 17. Medical Lab Technician 18. Nutritionist 19. Veterinarian

1. Nursing Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life. Nurses practice in a wide diversity of practice areas with a different scope of practice and level of prescriber authority in each. Many nurses provide care within the ordering scope of physicians. However, nurses are permitted by most jurisdictions to practice independently in a variety of settings depending on training level.

10+2 Classpass with 45% aggregate To join a nursing career one has to possess either one or more of the following qualifications-B.Sc. Nursing; M.Sc. Nursing, or diploma in nursing. 3-4 years Excellent communication skills, ability to work under pressure, presence of mind, emphatic, ability to work in teams, ability to multi-task, and physiological knowledge. Good Nurses employed by government hospitals receive a monthly salary of Rs 6,500 to Rs 10,000, depending on skill and experience. Can be promoted to the post of the Head Nurse or the senior most nurse in an hospital Apollo College of Nursing, Hyderabad; Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna; Indira Gandhi National Open University; Rajiv Gandhi Paramedical Institute, Delhi; Acharya College of Nursing, Bangalore; Armed Forces Medical College, Pune; Bharath University, Chennai; and various other institutions across the country. 66

2. Doctor A doctor is a professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. They may focus their practice on certain disease categories, types of patients, or methods of treatment – known as specialist medical practitioners – or assume responsibility for the provision of continuing and comprehensive medical care to individuals, families, and communities – known as general practitioners. In medicine, a surgeon is a specialist in surgery. Surgery is a broad category of invasive medical treatment that involves the cutting of a body, for a specific reason such as the removal of diseased tissue or to repair a tear or breakage. • MBBS: 10+2 pass with Physics, Chemistry & Biology. 50% for general Category & 40% for Backward Category. • MD: after MBBS (min. requirement- 55% for general and 33% for backward) MBBS, MD, Specialization

MBBS: 5 years; MD: 3 years A concern for people, an enquiring mind, interest in people, rational approach, open mind, imagination, and ability to work under pressure; and excellent communication skills. Private practice in one’s own clinic.

Good. After MBBS, the doctors can earn Rs. 20,000-30,000/month and after MD, they can earn Rs. 60,000-2,00,000/month in a govt hospital In a private hospital, a MBBS can earn Rs.50,000 and a MD can get up to Rs.4,00,000 A surgeon earns much more than a physician. AIIMS, Delhi; Christian Medical College (CMC), Vellore;Armed Forces Medical College (AFMC), Pune; Maulana Azad Medical College (MAMC), Delhi; Grant Medical College, Mumbai; Madras Medical College, Chennai; St. John’s Medical College, Bangalore;and medical colleges affiliated to local Universities across the country. 67

3. Clinical Researcher Clinical research is a branch of medical science that determines the safety and effectiveness of medications, devices, diagnostic products and treatment regimens intended for human use. These may be used for prevention, treatment, diagnosis or for relieving symptoms of a disease. Clinical Research is different than clinical practice. In clinical practice, one uses established treatments while in clinical research evidence is collected to establish a treatment.

B. Sc. degree is a must to enter this field.

Master of Science (M.Sc) - Clinical Research

Depends upon the course chosen Leadership skills, ability to work in teams, negotiation skills, interpersonal skills, computing and presentation skills, communication skills, logical and inquisitive mind, and good organizational abilities Research Executive; Clinical Research Advisor; Research Associate

Good

After BSc- Rs. 400, 000/ annum and after MSc- Rs. 500, 000800,000/annum AIIMS, Delhi; Academy for Clinical Excellence (ACE), Mumbai: Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai; Clinical Research Education and Management Academy (CREMA, Hyderabad & Mumbai; Cliniminds across the country.

4. Paramedic The paramedic is a healthcare professional who works in emergency medical situations. Paramedics provide out-of-hospital treatment and some diagnostic services, although some may undertake hospital-based roles, such as in the treatment of injuries.The majority of paramedics are based in the field in ambulances, emergency response vehicles, or in specialist mobile units such as cycle response.

One has to pass 10+2 level with science stream from a recognized Board/University.

B.Sc. or Diploma

6 months - 3 years, depending upon the course chosen. Presence of mind, physically fit, ability to work under pressure, selfreliant, willingness to work at odd hours, familiarity with various medical equipment and know how to use them, and excellent communication and inter-personal skills. One can opt for high-end specialization courses and discover umpteen opportunities in India and abroad. They can also find jobs with helicopter flight crews, wherein theyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ll be required to transport the ill and injured to the nearby trauma centers. Good Salary packages can vary from Rs. 200,000 to Rs. 500,000 per annum. The pay subsequently increases with experience and competency. AIIMS, Delhi; Indira Gandhi National Open University; and various other institutions across the country.

5. Dentist A dentist is a health care practitioner that specializes in the diagnosis, prevention, and treatment of diseases and conditions of the oral cavity.

Cleared 10+ 2 exam with minimum 50%. Clear All India Pre-Dental Entrance test or similar examination conducted by various states.

Bachelors in DS (BDS): Masters in DS (MDS): BDS: 4 years, followed by one year paid rotating Internship in the Dental Colleges. For MBBS degree holder the duration of the course will be two years. MDS: 3 years Willingness to learn and make sense of scientific knowledge, good manual dexterity, good eyesight and colour vision, ability to offer advice and educate others, happy to work as part of a team, and excellent people skills. A dental education opens up a world of professional opportunities. In addition to private practice, today's dental school graduates can choose to work in hospital emergency rooms, conduct advanced laboratory research, teach future dentists or even travel the world with international health and relief organizations. Excellent

After BDS: approximately Rs. 100,000/- to Rs. 450,000/- per annum After MDS: Rs. 1,000,000- Rs. 2,000,000/- per annum University of Delhi, Delhi; Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, Delhi; Dr. M.G.R. Educational & Research Institute, Chennai; West Bengal University of Health Sciences, Kolkata; Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences and Hospital and Post Graduate Research Centre, Bangalore; BharatiVidyapeeth University, Pune; Patna Dental College and Hospital, Patna; Army College of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad; and various other institutions across the country. 70

6. Dental Laboratory Technician A dental laboratory technician designs and builds crowns, bridges, dentures, and various orthodontic appliancesaccording to dentist prescriptions. He/she also assists the dentist during the examination and treatment of patients, and maintains the dental equipment.

S.S.C Pass

Diploma in Dental Laboratory Technician

2 years Knowledge of instruments, excellent eye-hand co-ordination, attention to hygiene, documentation skills, good communication skills, attention to detail and ability to multi-task and work under pressure. One can start their own business, or work in private dental clinics or hospitals.

Good

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

Jaipur Dental College, Jaipur; Cochin Institute for Dental Technology, Kerala; Manubhai Patel Dental College, Gujarat; and various other dental colleges across the country.

7. Pharmacist Pharmacy is the health profession that links the health sciences with the chemical sciences and it is charged with ensuring the safe and effective use of pharmaceutical drugs. Pharmacists, therefore, are the experts on drug therapy and are the primary health professionals who optimize medication use to provide patients with positive health outcomes.

10+2 or equivalent examination with Physics, Chemistry, Biology with minimum 50% marks. One has to have at least one of the following qualification in order to become a pharmacist- Diploma in Pharmacy; B. Pharmacy,; or M. Pharmacy. One has to clear All India Pharmacy Entrance Test too. D.Pharm: 2years; B.Pharm: 4years; M.Pharm: 2 years Knowledge and understanding of essential facts, concepts, principles and theories relating to the design and manufacture of medicines; the ability to work carefully, methodically and accurately; knowledge of the law and ethical concerns relating to the supply of medicines; analysis of medicines; good communication and interpersonal skills; ability to work in teams; IT skills. One can pursue Ph.D.; run a private chemist shop; or even take up teaching pharmacy at medical schools. Good

Rs 20,000- 25,000 p.m.

With time and experience a pharmacist can be promoted to supervisory or management positions. Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal; Bombay College of Pharmacy, Mumbai; University College of Pharmaceutical Sci, Kakatiya University, Warangal; Kamala Nehru Polytechnic for Women, Hyderabad; Bihar College of Pharmacy, Patna; Dr. M.G.R. Medical University, Chennai; St. Stephenâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Hospital and Medical College, Delhi; And private and government pharmacy colleges in various cities 72

8 Physiotherapist Physiotherapists help accident victims, medical patients, and chronically disabled people maintain and improve their physical wellbeing by designing, implementing, and supervising custom treatment plans. They supervise patients' progress and make adjustments to treatment plans as needed.

10+2 passed or equivalent examination with Physics, Chemistry, Biology and English. At least 50% of marks should be secured in each of these subjects. Age limit for the candidates is 17 years. There is a Common Entrance Test (CET) for the course in Bachelor of Physiotherapy (BPT); All India Physiotherapy Entrance Test Degree level courses in physiotherapy generally range from 3 to 4 years. Efficient time management skills, physically healthy and fit, good inter-personal skills, ability to work in teams; organizational and administrative skills, problem solving ability; and keen knowledge of anatomy. Further into their career, physiotherapists can choose to practice in specific areas such as muscle and skeletal conditions, women's health, etc.,or get into teaching or research field, or start oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own private practice. Excellent

Rs 15,000-20,000 p.m. Amity School of Physiotherapy, New Delhi;Bangalore Medical College; All India Institute of Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation, Mumbai; College of Physiotherapy; Bihar College of Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Patna; and various other institutions across the country.

9. Optometrist Optometrist is a health care professionial concerned with the health of the eyes and related structures, as well as vision, visual systems, and vision information processing in humans. Though Optometry goes hand in hand with Ophthalmology in treatment of visual disorders, Optometrists should not be confused with ophthalmologists or dispensing opticians. An optometrist performs all the tasks of an ophthalmologist, short of surgery. Ophthalmologists (Eye M.D's) are trained physicians specialized in eye and vision care who perform eye surgery, as well as diagnose and treat eye diseases and injuries. Should clear 10+2 or equivalent examination, with a minimum of 50% marks in physics, chemistry and biology. Should clear EYECET exam. It is the centralized, combined, entrance test for entry into optometry courses, which is recognized all over the country Degree or diploma courses in Ophthalmic technology: Bachelor's degree in Optometry (Bachelor of Clinical Optometry) (B.Optom) B.Optom course is of 4 year duration. Patience, manual dexterity, mechanical aptitude, communication skills, good vision and coordination, and the ability to deal tactfully with patients. After completing the course on Optometry, an Optometrist can establish an independent practice by starting their own eye clinic, optical shop, lens manufacturing unit etc Optometrists can also seek employment with any multinational organization dealing with eye care products as professional services executives or take up teaching as a career. Good

Rs 10,000- 15,000 p.m. College Of Optometry, Pune; Sri Ramachandra University, Chennai;IGNOU; AIIMS, Delhi; L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad; BharatiVidyapeeth School of Optometry, Pune; and various other institutions across the country. 74

10. Hospital House Keeping The primary responsibility of a hospital house keeper is to maintain the hospital in a clean and sterile condition. Their duty involves cleaning and disinfecting hospitals floors, equipment, beds, etc. to prevent the spread of infectious diseases.

10th Pass

Good communication skills, knowledge of good housekeeping techniques, ability to comply with a demanding time schedule, and ability to follow direction accurately.

Diploma in related field(Lateral Entry)

Good

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

11. Medical Transcriptionist Medical transcriptionists convert the voice records into text format. These are basically the patient records which consist of case history, treatment given and follow up information etc. The transcribed information related to the patient is collated and filed in the case records.

10th pass (With Biology/ Physiology as a subject & knowledge of English) PG Diploma in Medical Transcription or PG Diploma in Regulatory Affairs & Transcription Depends upon course chosen Excellent grammar, ability to sit & focus for long periods of time, attention to detail, ability to work unsupervised, excellent research skills, above average typing skills, up to date knowledge of new medical transcriptionist software, good memory, adaptability, and knowledge on basic science of human body Self-employment or employment in Medical Transcription companies

Good

Rs5,000 - 17,000 p.m. Apollo Institute of Hospital Management and Allied Sciences, Chennai; Blue Pearl Infomedia, Bangalore; CREO Health Institute, Noida; Academy of Clinical Research & Pharmaceutical Management, Kolkata; SYSPLEX Bio & Clinical Solutions, Pune; and various other institutions across the country.

12. Health Sanitary Inspector A health sanitary inspector examines and inspects various public establishments like hotels, housing and health facilities, and machines, etc. to ensure that they are complying with the various government and industry standards related to occupational and health safety of the public.

10th Pass. (With Physics, Chemistry& Biology subject)

Diploma in Sanitary Health Inspection

2 years

Good communication skills, ability to work in teams, physical fitness and stamina; ability to work under pressure; and social perceptiveness. There are good opportunities to work abroad; one can also find employment in health departments at central and state government level. Good

5,000 - 17,000 p.m. Sarvodaya Industrial Training Institute (I.T.I.), Delhi; I.T.I., Nizamabad; IGNOU; All India Institute of Local Self Government, Pune, Bengaluru, Delhi, Surat; Indian Institute for Health Training, Kolkata; and various other institutions across the country.

13. Food Scientist A food scientist studies the microbiological, physical and chemical properties of food and ingredients; evaluate the nutritional value, colour, flavour and texture of food; test food samples for particular types of moulds, yeast and bacteria that may be harmful; check that raw products are fresh and ensure that food manufacturing processes conform to government, processing, and consumer and industry standards. Food scientists are hired by government offices as well as laboratories, to check quality of food.

12th class pass. Bachelor of Science in food science, possession of a food-related postgraduate qualification can be beneficial. 3 years Strong oral & written communication skills, proficiency with computers analytical & problem solving skills, ability to work independently, team working skills, meticulous thoroughness, particularly with regard to health, safety & hygiene, good analytical & numerical skills. Food technologist or a biotechnologist. Good. Rs 15,000- 20,000 p.m. as a fresher.

NA Pioneer Institute of Hotel Management, Hyderabad; University of Allahabad : Centre of Food Technology , Allahabad;Stella Maris College, Chennai; Punjab Agricultural University; College of Agriculture, Ludhiana, and various other institutions across the country. 78

14. Dietitian A dietitian promotes good health by encouraging healthy eating habits and treats medical conditions by devising eating plans for patients based on the science of nutrition. They promote nutritious eating habits through education and research as well as overseeing the selection and preparation of food services. With the rise in lifestyle related diseases like hypertension, diabetes, etc. there is a rising need for dietitians in the country.

10+2 pass with Physics, Chemistry and Biology

One must possess at least one of these degrees: B.Sc. Home Science; B.Sc. Nutrition; or B.E. Food Technology 3 years

Excellent knowledge of biochemistry/physiology, communication and inter-personal skills

good

One can start their own private practice; or pursue masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree

Good

Rs 15,000 to 20,000 p.m.

All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata; Karnataka State Open University, Mysore; Pondicherry University; and various other institutions across the country.

15. Hospital Manager Hospital Manager or Hospital Administrator is responsible for the strategic, financial and day-to-day running of hospital, general practitioner or community health services. Their work involves administration, managing and maintaining equipment, management of the medical staff and day-to-day medical activities, financial planning, operations of the hospital etc.They also coordinate between the various departments of the hospital and have to ensure that all equipment are functional. Their responsibilities include hiring non-medical staff, maintenance of hospital services, security, building the hospital brand, marketing, accounts, financial operations, planning and control for continuous supply of materials, management of the research and clinical work etc.

10+2 pass

Diploma/Degree in Hospital Management

Depends upon the course chosen Excellent leadership skills, friendly personality, analytical and logical reasoning skills, quick-decision making skills, and ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines, excellent communication skills and willingness to work at odd hours With several years of experience one can become a lecturer or even start their own hospital. Good Rs 20,000- 25,000 p.m. A fresh graduate with Masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree in health services or hospital administration may start their professional career as Assistant Hospital administrators or as managers of various departments like Front office, Public Relations, finance, Quality control etc. Experienced and senior Hospital Administrators can eventually reach the position of Chief Executive Officer (CEO). Institute of Health Management Research, Bangalore; Tamil Nadu Open University; George College, Kolkata; Deccan School of Management, Hyderabad; IGNOU; K.E.M. Hospital Healthcare Management Institute, Pune; and various other institutions across the country 80

16. Herbal Therapist Herbal Therapists are medical practitioners that treat their patients using a variety of natural methods. These practitioners carry out their patients' treatment by finding and implementing a plant based or non-pharmaceutical form of medicine. They can treat patients who are healthy and seeking preventative advice as well as patients who are overcoming a diagnosis.

10+2 pass with Physics, Chemistry and Biology

Diploma or Degree in Herbal Medicine

Depends upon the course chosen

Excellent communication and interpersonal skills; knowledge of various remedies, diets and exercises.

One can pursue higher education, or go into teaching or research domain.

Good

Rs. 8,000 to 10,000 p.m.

Institute of Alternative Medicines & Research, Kolkata; Alternative Medicine Community College, Coimbatore;Chhattisgarh University; and various other institutions across the country.

17. Medical Lab Technician Medical lab technicians assist physicians in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases by performing tests on tissue, blood and other body fluids. Medical lab technicians most commonly work in hospitals or doctors' offices. The tests that lab technician conducts assist doctors in verifying the causes of an illness, making medical decisions and determining treatment options.

10+2 pass with Physics, Chemistry & Biology One must possess either Degree, diploma or certification in medical laboratory technology in order to become medical lab technician. 2 - 3 years

Excellent communication and inter-personal skills; ability to work under pressure; and knowledge of medical databases. One can start their own private pathology laboratories; or even go into teaching profession in medical colleges. Good Rs 8,000- 15,000 p.m. An assistant lab technician can be promoted to the position of lab technician. Upon gaining experience, a lab technician can be further promoted to senior lab technician, or supervisor. Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University, Delhi; Kakatiya University, Warangal; IGNOU; Manav Bharti University, Himachal Pradesh; National Institute of Medical and Management Studies, Orissa; and various other institutions across the country.

18. Nutritionist A nutritionist works towards prevention and treatment of illnesses of their patients through dietary care. Nutritionists evaluate the diets of their patients suffering from medical problems and analyse their food intake and suggest ways of curing their health problems by modifying their patientâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s diet. Unlike dieticians who primarily work with people who are ill, nutritionists mostly work with people who are healthy.

10+2 pass with Biology, Physics and Chemistry

One must possess at least one of these degrees: B.Sc. Home Science; B.Sc. Nutrition; B.E. Food Technology

3-4 years

Good communication and interpersonal skills, knowledge of various nutritious diets and exercises; and ability to work in teams.

One can work in government or corporate hospitals as nutritionist; or pursue higher education.

Good

Rs 15,000- 20,000 p.m. National Institute of Nutrition, Hyderabad; Lady Irwin College, Delhi; All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata; Mangalore University, Mangalore; and various other institutions across the country. 83

19. Veterinarian Veterinarians diagnose, prevent, and treat a variety of animal illnesses and diseases. They administer tests, observe conditions in animals, perform surgery, and prescribe medication and/or therapy. A veterinarian’s job is not just limited to taking care of animal’s health but also includes scientific breeding and handling of livestock. Veterinarians work in private clinics or animal hospitals.

10+2 pass with Biology, Physics and Chemistry To become a veterinarian one should possess at least one of the following degrees: Bachelor’s Degree in Veterinary Science (B.V.Sc.); Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine (B.VetMed); Bachelor of Veterinary Medicine & Surgery (BVMS); Bachelor of Veterinary Science and Animal Husbandry (B.V.Sc. & A.H.) 4- 4.5 Years Ability to put animals at ease; ability to work in teams; excellent communication skills; ability to work under pressure; physical stamina and quick reflexes. One can pursue higher studies; or set up their own private practice.

Good

Rs 25,000- 30,000 p.m. Madras Veterinary College, Chennai; West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata; Khalsa College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Amritsar; Sri Venkateswara Veterinary University, Hyderabad; Veterinary College, Bangalore; Krantisinh Nana Patil College of Veterinary Science, Pune; and various other institutions across the country. 84

Hospitality / Tourism

Hospitality/Tourism Sub-categories: 1. Pilot 2.

Air Hostess & Flight Steward

Ground Staff: Airport

Ticket Issuer/Computerised Reservation

Travel Agent

Tourist Guide

Adventure Sports Instructor

Restaurant Manager

9. Waiter/Cleaner 10. Chef 11. Bakers & Confectioners 12. Bartender 13. Receptionist- Front Desk 14. Housekeeping 15. Food Writing/ Food Journalism/ Food Critic

1. Pilot Airline pilots fly passengers and/or cargo on long or short-haul flights for leisure, business or commercial purposes. The aircraft is typically operated by two pilotscaptain & supporting first officer. The pilot by definition directly controls the aircraft.

One should be at least 17 years of age to commence training and 18 years of age to qualify for a Commercial Pilot License (CPL). Indian Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA) requires one to be a 10+2 graduate with Physics and Math or equivalent. •• A professional pilot is required to pass a Class I medical exam. •• Clearing the Combined Defence Services Examination (CDS) exam organized by UPSC is one of the means to get into the Indian Air Force as Pilots. •• The next round of the selection procedure will be a Pilot Aptitude Battery Test (PABT). The combined scores in both these levels of the selection procedure will be considered for preparing the merit list. •• To get the CPL one should register at a flying club which is recognized by Directorate General of Civil Aviation (DGCA), Government of India. An oral examination in subjects follows the registration. Successful completion of the examination entitles one for a CPL certificate.

15-18 months.

Knowledge of air navigation, interpretation of meteorological reports, operations of sophisticated electronic and mechanical controls, leading the aircraft under adverse circumstances, excellent spatial awareness & coordination, good communication skills, team working skills, the ability to remain calm under pressure, leadership skills with the ability to give clear commands to cabin crew & passengers.

In this field after getting CPL one can start as a trainee pilot. After being a trainee, one becomes a pilot or first officer on board based on oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s seniority. Seniority is determined by hours of flying experience and successful completion of various programs. Then one could be promoted to either a Commander or Captain and thereafter a Senior Commander. One can find employment opportunities in both government as well as private domestic and international airlines. Even large corporate houses with their own aircraft require the services of pilots. Commercial pilots can earn from Rs. 40,000-150,000 per month, depending on the airline and one's experience. In the Indian Air Force, the pilots will be given a pay scale of Rs. 15,600-39,100 plus a grade pay and other allowances as per the rules. Newly qualified pilots after gaining experience can progress to the role of senior first officer. One can apply for the post of captain after gaining substantial experience. Pilots can also move into management roles. Blue Diamond Aviation Academy (P) Ltd, Pune; Delta Flight School, Chennai; Bombay Flying Club, Mumbai; Acumen School of Pilot Training, New Delhi; Airawat Aviation Academy(A.A.A), Mumbai; Indian Academy of Aeronautical Technology (I.A.A.T.), Lucknow; Flying Birds Aviation, Academy for Pilot Training and Distance Learning, Ahmedabad and various other institutions across the country.

2. Air Hostess & Flight Steward An air hostessâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; job involves much more than just serving snacks and drinks. An air hostess is responsible for ensuring the safety and comfort of the passengers. The air hostess is there to keep the passengers informed and prevent any disturbances. They ensure that all emergency equipment is in working condition prior to take off and that there are enough supplies for passengers. They also help passengers to board the plane and give a demonstration of safety procedures and equipment. Eligibility for an airhostess-training programme is plus two or a graduate degree with a diploma/degree in Hotel Management or Tourism Management. The aspirant must be below twenty-five years of age with a minimum height of 157.5 centimeters. The weight should be in proportion to height. Further, one must be unmarried, with normal eyesight of 6/6 uncorrected vision in each eye. Fluency in English, Hindi, and knowledge of an international language is necessary. A flight steward, male counterpart of the airhostess has to be a graduate below 26 years, and have a minimum height of 163 cm with proportionate weight.

10 weeks to 1 year.

Friendly outgoing personality, politeness, physical stamina and the capacity to work for long hours on one's feet, ability to react quickly in times of emergency and a presence of mind, systematic approach, unruffled appearance, a well-modulated pleasant voice, communication skills, confidence in dealing with people, and ability to work as a team member. Career as an Air Hostess would last for about eight to ten years, after that one could move on to the ground duties including the job of a Ground Hostess, Check Hostess, training of airhostess or work in the management level. Good

Rs 25,000 to 30,000 p.m.

An Air Hostess has every chance to be promoted to the post of Senior Flight Attendant and then Head Attendant. Indian Academy of Aeronautical Technology (I.A.A.T.), Lucknow; Marks Aviation Academy Pvt. Ltd, New Delhi; Cloud9 Air Hostess Training Institute, Ernakulum; IIFLY Aviation Training Centre, Mumbai; Frankfinn Institute of Air Hostess Training (F.I.A.T.), Chennai; Jettwings Institute of Air Hostess Training and Management, Guwahati; Vidya Training Institute (Part of Vidya Education Society), New Delhi and various other institutions across the country.

3. Ground Staff: Airport The ground staff of international airlines includes a number of positions, many of which are associated with the handling of baggage and cargo. They handle baggage, moving it on and off conveyors and terminal carts. Other ground staff positions include aircraft cleaners. They are responsible for cleaning the aircraft interiors after the completion of each flight. At international airports, airlines employ ground staff to perform a variety of functions. They are responsible for ensuring the safety of the passengers, are answerable to all the enquiries of the customer and assist the passenger till the time they are in the airport.

Minimum 10+ 2 with aggregate of 50%

Airport Ground Services Course, Min. 50% marks and above

4 months- 6 months

Smartness and dedication, excellent communication skills, physically fit, ability to lift weights and pleasing personality. One can take up a flying career after gaining considerable experience on ground. As a lot of work is done by the ground staff at all airports, thus the job market for them is quite good. Gross Salary offered: Rs. 300,000 to Rs. 500,000 annually. One could be promoted to supervisory position upon gaining experience. Glider Aviation Services, Chennai; Fly Air Aviation Academy, Chennai; Majestic Travel School, Hyderabad; Kuoni Academy of Travel, Hyderabad, S R Learning, Mumbai; and various other institutions across the country. 91

4. Ticket Issuer/Computerized Reservation A ticket issuerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s job is to issue computerized reserved tickets for railway passengers/airline passengers and to respond to enquiries regarding issue of the same or helping the passengers to plan their travel. For airlines, they make and confirm reservations for passengers and sell tickets for airline. A high school diploma or its equivalent is the most common educational requirement for reservation and transportation ticket agent and travel clerk jobs. Some employers, however, prefer applicants who have completed college coursework in management or business. An International Air Transport Association (IATA) certified course would come in handy. Most airline reservation and ticket agents learn their skills through formal company training programs that can last several weeks. Here, they learn company and industry policies as well as ticketing procedures. 4 months

Good conversational skills, flexible, pleasant demeanor, ability to stand for long period and typing at the same time, able to provide physical assistance, dealing with agitation, etc. All travel-related passenger services can never be fully automated, primarily for safety and security reasons. As a result, job openings will continue to become available as the occupation grows and as workers transfer to other occupations, retire, or leave the labour force altogether. Average monthly salary ranges between Rs. 40,000- 50,000. Benefits such as health and/or dental insurance and free or discounted travel passes are normally offered by most hiring airlines as part of the compensation package. Once experience is gathered, the agent can work to be promoted within his/her current airline to a supervisory position, or cross-transfer to another position, such as flight attendant or ground operations worker. Bird Academy, Delhi; Kuoni Academy of Travel, Bangalore; Trade-Wings Institute of Management Ltd, Hyderabad; Aircraft Aviation Training and Management Institute (ATMI), Patna; Akbar Academy of Travel and Tourism Management Studies, Chennai; International Air Fare Desk (IAFD), Pune and various other institutions across the country. 92

5. Travel Agent The role of a travel agent is to manage the travel requirements made by a holiday or business traveler. A travel agentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s responsibilities include organizing flights, transport and accommodation for a trip, preparing cost effective itineraries, and securing customer satisfaction for future services. They may work in travel agencies, or airports.

A diploma in public relations or advertising is helpful from the career point of view. Eligibility for certification courses is 10+2. Proficiency in at least one foreign language is preferred. Backgrounds in geography, foreign languages, or world history can also be useful for job applicants. There are graduate level, postgraduate level, diploma and certification courses available to pursue in the industry. The post-graduate degree awarded is Master of Tourism Administration (MTA), which is a two year full time programme approved by the Ministry of Tourism, Govt. of India. IATA certified course is very valuable for this profession. The duration of training varies between one and two years, depending on the course. For certification courses the duration may be below one year. Excellent communication skills, presentation skills, ability to negotiate, network and multitask being efficient & observant, knowledge of geography, teamwork and independent thinking, observant, information technology & discretion. In larger companies, this may mean moving up the management ladder to area manager roles or to another specific area of the business such as PR, human resources or marketing.

Good.

Average salary ranges between Rs. 1 lakh to 4 lakh per annum. There is a lot of scope for progressing in this job. A new entrant without experience would need to gain two to three years' experience as a sales consultant before being able to apply for a team leader position, and a further two to three years before applying for branch management roles. New Delhi Y.M.C.A. Institute of Management Studies, New Delhi; Airawat Aviation Academy (A.A.A.), Mumbai; AEC College, Mumbai; Akbar Academy of Travel and Tourism Management Studies, Chennai; South Delhi Polytechnic for Women, New Delhi; Garware Institute of Career Education and Development, Mumbai; and other institutions across the country.

6. Tourist Guide Travel / Tour guides are an essential part of the tourism industry and play a vital role in satisfying the tourists visiting a region. Tour guides serve as a link between the visitor and an area and its people. They accompany travelers who travel individually or in groups, on sightseeing, educational or other tours and give detailed information on the various monuments and artifacts and about the area's traditions and heritage. Role of a tour guide is basically to provide the best tourist packages to the people who are interested to spend their holidays visiting different places. Fluency in English language is a must for those joining guide training course. Graduates in any discipline from a recognized University Government of India conducts training for tour guides and upon course completion, the guide is certified and given a license.

4 months Extensive knowledge of the tourist destinations, local history, culture, myths, legends, route, artefacts; pleasing personality, excellent oratory & communication skills, knowledge of foreign languages, first aid skills, excellent interpersonal skills, etc. He/she can work as a tour director or a tour operator in the future

Good

Rs 8000 to 12,000 p.m.

Delhi University, Delhi; Kurukshetra University, Haryana; Sri Venkateswara University, Tirupati; Annamalai University, Tamil Nadu; and various other institutions across the country.

7. Adventure Sport Instructor A career in ‘adventure sports’ is a broad and generalized term. There are a number of adventure sports to specialize in. Adventure sports may be divided into three types broadly – Air Sports, Land Sports and Water Sports. There are a number of career options to choose from, with either one particular sport or a number of them. An adventure sports instructor’s job involves instructing classes, conducting fitness tests, providing fitness and health counselling and organizing sporting activities.

Anybody with a secondary school certificate can pursue a career in this field. Institutes providing degree or diploma courses in adventure sports are mushrooming in India. A degree from any of these institutes along with the required physical fitness is enough to secure employment in this field. Possess complete knowledge of the sport, capable of taking risks, know how to handle panicked clients, excellent communication skills, physical fitness, ability to work under pressure and presence of mind. One can set up their own adventure sports company

Good

Rs 9000 - 10,000 per month. The National Institute of Water Sports in Panjim, Goa; Tenzing Norgay Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, Jawahar Parbat, Darjeeling; Himalayan Mountaineering Institute, Darjeeling; Nehru Institute of Mountaineering, Uttarkashi; Regional Mountaineering Centre, McLeodganj; Directorate of Mountaineering and Allied Sports, Manali; and various other institutions across the country.

8. Restaurant Manager Restaurant managers are responsible for the business performance of their restaurant, as well as maintaining high standards of food, service, and health and safety. Restaurant management combines strategic planning, shift pattern organization and day-to-day management activities. He/ she looks after and guides the personal well-being of the staff, since it makes the work force stronger and more profitable, and works with other executive management officers such as the Executive Chef, and the Owner.

Open to graduates but certain degrees might improve oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s chances of getting a better job.

Diploma or certificate course in Hotel Management.

Depends upon the course chosen Good organizational skills, excellent communication and interpersonal skills, One must be an extrovert, co-operative, polite and respectful to the guests, welcome to criticism, patient with customers, willing to work hard even at odd hours and yet be cheerful, problem solving ability, ability to work independently, ability to work in teams and leadership qualities, ability to cope under pressure, etc. A small number of experienced managers seek to develop their own business, taking over existing businesses or starting new restaurants from scratch. Good The salary of a restaurant manager may depend greatly on the employer and type of establishment. The average salary is between Rs. 2 lakh to 7 lakh per annum.

They can be promoted to the post of area managers. Oberoi Centre of Learning and Development, Delhi;Welcomgroup Graduate School of Hotel Administration (WGSHA), Manipal; Institute of Hotel Management (IHM), Aurangabad, Institute of Hotel Management (IHM), Chennai, Institute of Hotel Management (IHM), Kolkata, Institute of Hotel Management (IHM), Ahmedabad, Institute of Hotel Management (IHM), Bangalore, Delhi Institute of Hotel Management, State Institute of Hotel Management, Gangtok; State Institute of Hotel Management, Jodhpur; and various other hotel management institutes across the country.

9. Waiter/Cleaner Waiter & waitresses have the job of taking order for food & beverages from patrons & transmitting them to the kitchen staff, serve food and beverages to the customers, check with the customers to ensure that they are enjoying the meal, listen to the customer's complaints & act accordingly, ensure customer satisfaction, etc.

There are no formal education requirements to become a server. High-end restaurants may prefer waiters and waitresses who have a high school diploma and experience in the field. Excellent communication skills, ability to work under pressure, good eye-hand coordination, good memory, and pleasing personality.

With the increase in the number of restaurants, the demand for waiters is increasing.

Rs. 4, 000- 8,000 p.m.

One has chances of being promoted up to the post of the manager in the restaurant if one works efficiently and learns fast.

10. Chef A chef is a person who cooks professionally in hotels and restaurants. Traditionally it refers to a highly skilled professional cook who is proficient in all aspects of food preparation. The head chef's job includes preparing the menu, supervising & guiding the junior chefs, purchasing, hiring & staffing. The sous chef is in charge of the cooking. He/she ensures team work and supervises the other chefs to ensure that all the orders are prepared correctly. There are several other chefs like pastry chef, sauce chef, vegetable chef, etc. depending upon their specialty.

10+2 pass

Clear entrance test conducted by The National Council of Hotel Management and Catering Technology (NCHMCT). Bachelor of Hotel Management and Catering Technology which is of 4 year duration, and 3 year Diploma course in Hotel Management. Love for the art of cooking, creative, strong sense of smell and taste, outgoing and friendly personality,ability to work as a team and work under intense pressure, and be strong enough to work in a fiery environment amidst fumes & odors. One should keep oneself updated with knowledge and skills such as new cooking technologies and methods etc.

Can open oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own restaurant.

All restaurants need a chef so the job market is huge. After successful completion of training, they may be absorbed in positions with salaries ranging between Rs 7,000 to Rs 10,000 p.m.

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Junior chefs can be promoted to the post of the sous (second) chef and the senior ones can become the executive chef.

Army Institute of Hotel Management and Catering Technology in Bangalore, Oriental School of Hotel Management in Kozhikode, Merit Swiss Asian School of Hotel Management in Ooty, Nilgiris, The Taj Group's Institute of Hotel Management at Aurangabad, Oberoi School of Hotel Management in New Delhi, Welcomgroup Graduate School of Hotel Administration in Manipal University and various other institutions across the country.

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11. Bakers and Confectioners A baker is responsible for making a wide range of breads, pastries, and other baked goods. This job title requires one to rise very early and work during the hours that most people are asleep, so it is ideal for a true morning person. Bakers typically work according to a tight production schedule that sets quotas for how many of a particular item they must produce each day.

10+2 pass

Passentrance Tests conducted by Ministry of Tourism run Indian Hotel Management (IHC) Institutes.

Hotel Management in Food-Beverages: 3 to 4 years. Love for baking and dedication, good baking skills (making bread from raw ingredients), teamwork and good communication, ability to cope (or thrive) under pressure, flexibility & stamina, good time management is important due to tight deadlines, numeracy skills for estimating and measuring quantities, weights, baking times, and temperatures, creativity, presentation skills, and attention to detail, excellent customer service and people skills, ability to read & understand written instructions, ability to use machines, etc. Can open oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own patisserie or bakery.

Most of the restaurants or food chains have bakery products as well. Therefore, good job market. Rs. 12,000 p.m. Army Institute of Hotel Management and Catering Technology in Bangalore, Oriental School of Hotel Management in Kozhikode, Merit Swiss Asian School of Hotel Management in Ooty, Nilgiris, The Taj Group's Institute of Hotel Management at Aurangabad, Oberoi School of Hotel Management in New Delhi, Welcomgroup Graduate School of Hotel Administration in Manipal University and various other institutions across the country. 102

12. Bartender A bartender (also known as barkeeper, bar attendant) is a person who serves alcoholic beverages behind the bar in a licensed establishment. Bartenders are usually responsible for confirming that customers meet the legal drinking age before serving them alcohol. They are also responsible for maintaining the stock, supervise the work of bar staff or other bartenders, pan, organize & control the operations of a bar, plan bar menus, plan appetizers, slice or pit fruit for garnishing drinks, ask customer who become loud or obnoxious to leave or physically remove them, make attractive displays by arranging bottles & glasses, create drink recipes, etc.

10+2

Diploma or Certification course in bar management or bartending

3-6 months

Excellent communication and inter-personal skills, innovative, good sense of humor, good manual dexterity, attention to detail, and good presentation skills. Good

Rs.10,000-25,000 p.m. Indian Institute of Bartending, Chennai; Flairmania Bartending Academy, Pune; Institute of Bar Operations & Management, Delhi; Tulleeho Wine Academy, Bangalore, and various other institutions across the country.

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13. Receptionist- Front Desk The title "receptionist" is attributed to the person who is specifically employed by an organization to receive or greet any visitors, patients, or clients and answer telephone calls. Hence, acting as the first point of contact for a company, a receptionist offers administrative support for an organization, with a particular focus on visitor enquiries. Usually females are employed as receptionist.

10+2

Certificate Course in Front Office

4 months

Calm and pleasant personality, excellent communication skills, ability to multi-task, and interact with various people, ability to initiate things, and basic IT skills. Good

The salary can be from Rs. 6,500 to Rs.12,500 for freshers and increases with the personâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s experience and knowledge. Amazon Institute of Tourism and Management, Dehradun, Asia Pacific Institute of Hotel Management, Ahmedabad, Imperial Institute of Hotel Management, Haryana, and various colleges in various cities

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14. Housekeeping Housekeeping refers to the management of duties and chores involved in the running of a household, catering to the needs of the guests and making sure they are comfortable. A housekeeper is responsible for maintaining high standard of cleanliness in the hotel/ corporate house, service all bedrooms & corridors, report maintenance issues to the manager immediately, complete all periodical tasks like changing curtains, flipping mattresses, etc.

12th pass

A person aspiring to get into the field of hospitality or housekeeping has to obtain one of the following degrees or any other related course to become a certified profession-Diploma in hotel management, B.Sc. degree in hotel management & tourism, Post graduate diploma or MSc. M.Sc. in Hospitality and Hotel Administration, B.Sc. in Hospitality and Hotel Administration, Post Graduate Diploma in Accommodation Operations Management, Certificate Course in Institutional Hospitality Management

Depends on the course chosen Knowledge of cleaning techniques, cleaning equipment and various cleaning agents; possess basic repairing and plumbing skills; good customer service skills; ability to follow instructions;ability to work under pressure; and be physically fit. With experience, they can try opportunities abroad as Hospitality Managers in various institutions such as corporate houses, malls, etc. Good

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The salary can be from Rs.9,500 to Rs.30,000 for freshers and increases with the personsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; experience and knowledge. Housekeepers tend to stay in their position for long periods of time, as once the role of senior housekeeper has been reached it is hard to take this further Some housekeepers may end up taking a different career path which can include training other people to work within hospitality management positions. Institute of Hotel Management Catering Technology and Applied Nutrition, Mumbai, Institute of Hotel Management Catering Technology and Applied Nutrition, New Delhi, and various other institutions across the country.

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15. Food Writing/ Food Journalism/ Food Critic Food writing aspires towards more than merely communicating information about food; it also aims to provide readers with an aesthetic experience. Thus, food critics test and review dishes at restaurants. Their commentary includes descriptions of the food, including whether the food was cooked thoroughly and attractively presented, the taste of the food, ambience and the service.

12th standard

Bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Degree in English, Journalism or Communication.

3 years. Excellent written and verbal communication skills; innovative; possess a sensitive palate; attention to detail; willingness to travel and experiment with food; and ability to multi-task. Can open oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s own restaurant. This field is growing. Rs.12,000-18,000 p.m.

A food critic can get promoted to food editor. Mudra Institute of Communications. Ahmedabad, Asian College of Journalism, Chennai, Indian Institute of Journalism and New Media, Bangalore, Symbiosis Institute of Mass Communication, Pune, IIMC, New Delhi, Xavier Institute of Communication, Mumbai, AJ Kidwai Mass Communication Research, Jamia, New Delhi, Manorama School of Communication, Kottayam, Film and Television Institute of India, Pune, Times School of Journalism, New Delhi and colleges in various cities 107

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Law

Law Sub-Categories: 1.

Lawyer/ Advocate

2. Paralegal 3.

Legal Transcriptionist

Legal Filing Clerk

Court Runner

Litigation Managers/Co-coordinators

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1. Lawyer/ Advocate Lawyers counsel clients about their legal rights and suggest course of action in a particular matter. They also advise clients and draw up legal documents, such as wills and contracts and conduct negotiations on legal matters, and may represent clients in court and tribunal proceedings. The Bachelor of Laws is an undergraduate, or bachelor, degree in law. In India, legal education has been traditionally offered as a three-year graduate degree conferring the title of LL.B. (Bachelor of Laws) or B.L. (Bachelor of Law). Apart from this, various law schools provide a five-year undergraduate degree Programme and confer an integrated honors degree, such as "B.A., LL.B. (Honors)", "B.B.A, LL.B. (Honors)", "B.Sc., LL.B. (Honors)", etc. An advocate registers with the Bar Council.

10+2 or equivalent examination with 50% aggregate.

LLB

3 years or 5 years. One must have good oral and written communication skills, logical reasoning, power of concentration, patience, good memory to relate and quote past cases to prove oneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s point, ability to argue and discuss matters with a variety of people, self-confidence, courage to deal with threats especially in criminal cases etc. He/she should have up-to-date information on any changes in law. One can set up their own legal firm; or become judge after practicing law for the required number of years.Additional qualification along with law degree offers scope for a wide range of employment opportunities. Good. In the government judicial service salaries range from Rs 5,000-9,000p.m.. The private legal practitioner earns comparatively handsome amounts. NLSUI Bangalore; NALSAR Hyderabad; Faculty of Law, DU; Symbiosis Law School, Pune; WB National University of Juridical Sciences, Kolkata; National Law University, Jodhpur; and other law schools across the country. 110

2. Paralegal Generally speaking, a paralegal is a professional who has the required education and experience to assist licensed lawyers in their legal work. The definition of a paralegal is a person trained in legal matters, who performs routine tasks requiring some knowledge of the law and procedures. Paralegals often handle much of the paper work in probates of estates, divorce actions, bankruptcies, investigations, analyzing depositions, preparing and answering interrogatories, procedural motions, and other specialized jobs. Paralegals are employed in almost every office where legal work is performed.

10+2 or its equivalent (for a Diploma).

Degree or Diploma in Paralegal education

1-2 years

The ability to multitask is a skill paralegals must hone, thinking ahead, good communication skills, knowledge of various legal matters, ability to work in teams and research skills.

Can apply for the post of litigation managers after working as a paralegal for several years and gaining experience. Good Rs. 10,000-12,000 p.m.

IGNOU; Amity University, Noida;and various other institutions across the country.

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3. Legal Transcriptionist Legal transcriptionists listen to dictated recordings made by attorneys, paralegals and other legal professionals and transcribe them into legal documents. They generally listen to recordings on a headset, using a foot pedal to pause the recording when necessary, and key the text into a computer. The documents they produce include correspondence, pleadings, motions, discovery, legal memoranda, agreements and time entries.

No formal degree programs in legal transcription exist and a high school diploma and experience in an office or legal setting are often the only requirements for an entry-level position. Legal transcriptionists often receive on-the-job training by an attorney, paralegal or office manager. NA

Good listening skills, as well as the ability to comprehend the content of the dictated material they are transcribing, proficiency with transcription software, understanding of legal terminology, strong proofreading skills, excellent command over language.

Good

Rs. 10,000 p.m.

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4. Legal Filing Clerk Legal file clerks are responsible for following a filing system and organizing records, such as letters, legal documents, case files, correspondence, invoices and memoranda according to that system. They locate and retrieve requested files, as well as prepare legal document indices, file folders and labels. They may be responsible for keeping files up-to-date. In addition to filing, legal file clerks may perform other clerical duties, such as handling mail, faxing, using a copy machine, maintaining a calendar, managing office equipment and ordering supplies.

High school diploma, no legal qualification in law required.

Knowledge of alphabetization and indexing standards is important, knowledge of customer service is necessary, ability to meet deadlines,basic math skills & English skills and knowledge of various filing systems.

Very limited

Rs. 5,000-6,000 p.m.

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5. Court Runner Court runners file documents with the court; distribute information to third parties; pick up and deliver time-sensitive files, documents and packages; and run miscellaneous errands. Court runners often deliver items that the attorney is unwilling to entrust to external means of delivery, such as evidence or confidential case information.

Most entry-level file clerks only need a high school diploma. Training is usually performed on the job.

NA Good communication & inter-personal skills, possess physical strength & stamina, ability to work under pressure, and meet deadlines; and multi-tasking skills.

Good

Rs 10,000- 15,000 p.m.

Court runners can simply gain experience and receive raises based on seniority and cost of living increases. Others choose to transition into positions of greater responsibility in the field of law. For most court runners, this means a position as a legal assistant or paralegal with a law firm or government agency.

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6. Litigation Managers/Coordinators Litigation managers are responsible for the overall proceedings of the litigation part of a company. They handle budgeting and review legal documents. They manage a team working under them and advise them on effective trial strategy, legal questioning and litigation management. They also have significant input in the hiring and terminating of employees. Most employers require applicants for this position to have a degree from an accredited college or university. Typical areas of study for these positions include pre-law, political science or a related degree. Additionally, some will only hire individuals who have a paralegal certificate or equivalent work experience. Requires a Bachelor's/Master's degree and at least 5 years in the field.

3 years graduation+2 years Masters (optional) + 5 yearsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; experience in the field. Excellent communication and negotiation skills, ability to work well independently and as part of a team, strong writing and editing skills, ability to work under pressure and be flexible with a constantly changing list of priorities.

Good

Rs. 10,000-12,000 p.m.

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Retail

Retail Sub-categories: 1.

Salesman/ Customer Sales Associate

Floor Manager

Store Manager

Retail Sales Executive

Retail Operation Manager

Retail Communication Manager

Retail Marketing Executive

Logistics and Warehouse Manager

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1. Salesman/Customer Sales Associate It is the entry-level post in retail sector but as every retail shop is completely dependent upon the sales they get, this is one of the important posts in this profession. To be a good sales person, one should have good knowledge about the products, the shop, the customers etc. A Sales Associate is responsible for maintaining outstanding customer service as per company standards, generating sales, merchandising and safeguarding company assets.

No formal degree or qualification is required. One has to be convincing and have common sense.

Ability to operate all equipment necessary to perform the job, ability to read, write and count to accurately andexcellent communication and inter-personal skills..

A lot of foreign brands are opening up their stores in India now so the demand for salesmen is high.

The average starting salary of a sales person in the retail industry is Rs. 5,500 per month.

Can be promoted to the post of a retail sales executive.

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2. Floor Manager/Category Manager/Department Manager A floor managerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s job is to achieve profitable sales results by effectively managing the floor, creating an effective team of staff and ensuring a high level of customer service. He/she should know the stock well and ensure that the stock is ticketed well. The main focus of any Retail floor managerâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s jobs is to improve the commercial performance of the store by increasing its turnover and maximizing profitability.

10+2 pass

Masters/ Post Graduate Diploma in Business Administration, Retail Management.

3 to 5 years. Excellent customer service and interpersonal skills, bookkeeping skills, analytical and problem solving skills, decision making skills, effective verbal and listening communications skills, effective written communications skills and time management skills. The demand for floor managers has increased due to an increase in the number of outlets of every brand. Rs.15,000- 20,000 per month.

One could be promoted to the post of a store manager over time. IGNOU; Arihant College of Management and Information Technology, Pune; Hasanath College for Women, Bangalore; Indian Institute of Social Welfare and Business Management, Kolkata; and various other institutions across the country.

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3. Store Manager A store manager is the person ultimately responsible for the day-to-day operations (or management) of a retail store. A store manager must meet monthly, quarterly or annual sales goals, depending on the company's fiscal cycle. He/she is also responsible for hiring, training, and in some cases, development of employees.

10+2 pass

MBA

3 years graduation+2 years MBA.

Excellent communication skills, leadership qualities, common sense, and knowledge of demands of the customer. With the increase in the retail outlets, the demand for store managers has increased. Thus the job market is good. The average salary is somewhere between Rs. 250,000 to 400,000 p.a. depending on the firm one works for. Symbiosis Institute of Business Management, Pune; Loyola Institute of Business Administration, Chennai; Amity Business School, Noida; Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bangalore; St. Francis College, Hyderabad; and various other institutions across the country.

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4. Retail Sales Executive Retail sales executives are responsible for overseeing the delivery of products and services to customers. They oversee the sales staff and analyze customers' preferences in order to determine sales potential and increase profits. Most of them begin in entry-level sales positions and advance to the executive level after accumulating the necessary experiences and sales record. They determine which sales representatives will work in each sales territory and establish sales goals for the entire sales staff. They may also oversee training programs for the sales staff and provide feedback on how representatives might improve their sales figures. They also work with the company's dealers and distributors, and examine sales reports to figure out what products will sell the best and what inventory is required.

Bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Degree Master's degree in business administration (MBA). Those who wish to go into the field often take classes in finance, economics, accounting, business law, management, statistics and math. 3 or 5 years depending on the course opted for. Excellent communication skills; experience is critical; managerial skills; knowledge of sales processes; and ability to work under pressure. Depends on the number of retail outlets.

Approximate starting salary is between Rs. 8,000 to 18,000 p.m.

One could be promoted to the post of retail operation manager

Symbiosis Institute of Business Management, Pune; Loyola Institute of Business Administration, Chennai; Amity Business School, Noida; Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bangalore; St. Francis College, Hyderabad; and various other institutions across the country.

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5. Retail Operation Manager Retail operation manager is responsible for developing the brand strategy both at the local and regional level. Other responsibilities include: Identifying new store opening opportunities, the effective performance management of the Retail Area Manager, Shop Managers and Volunteers. They also have to recruit, induct, lead, manage and train the retail managers and other staff. They are responsible for promoting the brand, personal and professional development and customer satisfaction.

10+2 pass

Graduation, MBA.

3-5 years. Leadership skills, excellent communication and inter-personal skills, ability to work under pressure and in teams. NA Depends on the retails outlets, firms and brands. Rs 40,000- 50,000 p.m. Promoted to the post of Head of retail operations, Retail Operation Director. Symbiosis Institute of Business Management, Pune; Loyola Institute of Business Administration, Chennai; Amity Business School, Noida; Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bangalore; St. Francis College, Hyderabad; and various other institutions across the country.

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6. Retail Communication Manager A retail communication manager compiles written communication for staff and clients, writes and edits the company's newsletter, writes speeches for the senior executives, prepares brochures, proposals, maintains the website. He/she maintains the database, develops media liaison strategies, compiles press release & manages the media hosting programmes, strategic monitoring, evaluation and reporting of media coverage, & establish and maintain positive perceptions of the organisation with the media.

Bachelors in Journalism, Public Relations or Mass Communication.

Have a minimum of 3 years relevant work experience in the telecommunications sector

3 years

Analytical and administrative skills, strong interpersonal skills, ability to work under pressure and with changing requirements, and excellent communication skills. Good

Rs. 30,000 per month

Asian College of Journalism, Chennai; Amity University, Noida; Osmania University, Hyderabad; Christ University, Bangalore; West Bengal University of Technology, Kolkata & various other institutions across the country.

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7. Retail Marketing Executive Marketing executives are involved in developing marketing campaigns to promote a product, service or idea. They are responsible for analyzing and investigating price, demand and competition, devising and presenting ideas and strategies, promotional activities, compiling and distributing financial and statistical information, monitoring performance, communicating with target audiences and arranging for the effective distribution of marketing materials, etc. Employers prefer graduates with a degree or postgraduate qualification in a relevant subject such as mathematics, statistics, economics, business or marketing. 2- 3 years Team player, creative, communication skills, interpersonal, IT and analytical skills, the ability to work under pressure, adaptability, numerical skills, commercial awareness, flexibility, business awareness, etc. Upon gaining experience, one may become freelance marketing consultant. Good Approximately Rs. 30,000 per month. Some companies may offer bonuses linked to performance. One could be promoted to marketing manager after 3 to 10 years and after 10 to 15 years, to marketing director. Career progression is firmly linked to gaining relevant experience and key transferable skills. Symbiosis Institute of Business Management, Pune; Loyola Institute of Business Administration, Chennai; Amity Business School, Noida; Xavier Institute of Management and Entrepreneurship, Bangalore; St. Francis College, Hyderabad; and various other institutions across the country 124

8. Logistics And Warehouse Manager Logistics and warehouse managers organize the storage and distribution of goods. Essentially they need to ensure the right products are delivered to the right location on time and at a good cost. They may be involved in transportation, stock control, warehousing and monitoring the flow of goods.

Open to all graduates.

Strong management skills, IT & analytical skills, ability to work logically and systematically, excellent communication skills (written & oral), ability to work in teams, interpersonal skills, knowledge of the principles & methods of transportation, mathematical knowledge, knowledge of electronics, human resources and labour.

Good

Starting salary ranges between Rs. 30,000 to 40,000 p.m.

Career development opportunities are excellent in this fast-moving and innovative industry. Initial roles are often focused on goods distribution, managing storage centres or specific customer contracts. Promotion usually involves movement into general management of larger units.

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126

Railways

Railways Sub-categories: 1.

Assistant Loco Pilot

Commercial Apprentice (CA)

Enquiry cum Reservation Clerk (ECRC)

Junior Engineer (Mechanical)

Junior Engineer (Electrical)

Junior Engineer (Signal & Tele)

Traffic Apprentice (TA)

Trains Clerk (TNC)

Assistant Station Master (ASM)

10. Goods Guard 11. Section Engineer 12. Technician Signal 13. Telecom Maintainer (TCM) 14. Jr. Translator (RashtraBhashaSahayak) 15. Diesel Khalasi 16. DSL Cleaner 17. Safaiwala 18. Railway Porter 19. Gateman 20. Trackman 21. Pointsman

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1. Assistant Loco Pilot Previously known as Assistant Driver. Assistant Loco Pilot (ALP) is responsible for assisting driver in performing his/her duties including calling out signal as soon as one is sighted, fine-tuning loco and attending minor repairs of the loco. The strenuous nature of the job is compensated by allowances of which the important one is Running Allowance. One is paid running allowance based on the monthly kilometers on the run.

Matriculation or equivalent under 10+2 system

Diploma in Mechanical / Electrical / Electronics / Automobile Engineering recognized by AICTE or higher qualification.

Ability to work for long duration in strenuous environment, attentive, excellent reflexes and high degree of responsiveness.

Very heavy competition for entry. Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay-GP (Rs. 1900) and other benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Running Allowance (No. of kms covered), Transport Allowance, Pension

ALP's next promotion is Sr. ALP followed by LP.

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2. Commercial Apprentice (CA) Commercial Apprentices are trained as a sort of multi skilled supervisors in the commercial branch. They are trained for duties of commercial clerks, parcel clerks, goods clerks and catering, and commercial inspectors. After 2 years training they will be posted normally as Chief Commercial/Parcel/Goods Clerk.

Degree from recognized university or equivalent

2 years paid training and then job

Good communication skills.

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 9300 - 34800) + Grade Pay(Rs. 4200) + Benefits include HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance.

CA could be promoted to Parcel/Goods supervisor.

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3. Enquiry Cum Reservation Clerk (ECRC) Job of ECRC is to issue computerized reserved tickets for railway passengers and to respond to enquiries regarding issue of the same or helping the passengers to plan their travel.

Degree from recognized university or equivalent

Strong communication skills; computer skills and ability to sit and work in one place for long hours.

Heavy competition for the job. Pay Band 1(Rs. 2800 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 2800), Initial Pay: 8560+2800 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

ECRC could be promoted Reservation Supervisor.

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4. Junior Engineer (Mechanical) Junior Engineer- Mechanical is a supervisor in Mechanical department of Railways. He/ she is responsible for maintenance of trains. It is his/her duty to see that goods wagons and passenger coaches are in good condition and ready in time for train service as required by the operating personnel and as per the guidelines issued by Senior Engineer.

Diploma in Mechanical Engineering from a recognized university

3 years

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills.

Good Pay Band 1(Rs. 9300 - 34800) + Grade Pay(Rs. 4200), Initial Pay: 9300 + 4200 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

A Junior Engineer could be promoted to Assistant Mechanical Engineer.

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5. Junior Engineer (Electrical) Junior Engineer- Electrical is a supervisor in electrical department of railways. He/she is responsible for various electrical installation such bulbs, fans, pumps, generators etc.

Diploma in Electrical Engineering from a recognized university

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 9300 - 34800) + Grade Pay (Rs. 4200), Initial Pay: 9300 + 4200 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

A Junior Engineer could be promoted to Assistant Electrical Engineer.

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6. Junior Engineer (Signal & Tele) Junior Engineer S&T is a supervisor in signal and telecommunication department of railways. He/she is responsible for installation of signals at the station.

Diploma in Electrical/Electronics/Telecommunication Engineering or equivalent recognized by AICTE.

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 9300 - 34800) + Grade Pay(Rs. 4200), Initial Pay: 9300 + 4200 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

A junior engineer could be promoted to Assistant Signal & Telecommunications Engineer.

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7. Traffic Apprentice(TA) Traffic Apprentices are trained as a sort of multi skilled supervisors in the Transportation (Operations) branch. They are given two year training in different categories of working of traffic branch such as Station Master, Guard, Section Controller, Yard Masters, Traffic inspectors. After completion of training they will be posted either as Station Master, Yard Master or Section Controller. Degree from recognized university or equivalent. Diploma in Rail Transport & Management, Transport Economics, Multimodal Transport (Containerization) awarded by Institute of Rail Transport, Rail Bhawan, New Delhi will be additional desirable qualification

2 years of Training

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills.

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 9300 - 34800) + Grade Pay (Rs. 4200), Initial Pay: 9300 + 4200 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

One could be promoted to Station Superintendent or Chief Controller.

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8. Trains Clerk (TNC) Job of a train clerk includes checking the number of wagons and coaches in railway yard, preparing train documents like Vehicle Guidance(VG), feeding these information in railway network terminals, giving and receiving information from control regarding train working, maintenance of registers related to working of trains etc.

Matriculation or its equivalent with not less than 50% marks in the aggregate

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills.

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1900), Initial Pay: 5830 + 1900 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

A Trains Clerk can be promoted to Senior Trains Clerk

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9. Assistant Station Master (ASM) Assistant Station Manageris in charge of running of trains at a station. He/she operates the signals, and ensures that everything functions as per the rules laid out.

Degree from recognized university or equivalent.Diploma in Rail Transport & Management, Transport Economics, Multimodal Transport (containerization) awarded by Institute of Rail Transport, Rail Bhawan, New Delhi will be additional desirable qualification.

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills.

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay (Rs. 1900), Initial Pay: 5830 + 1900 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

An Assistant Station Master could be promoted to Station Master

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10. Goods Guard Goods guard is in charge of a goods train. His/her duties include :getting the vehicle guidance from station master/yard master, check the entire formation for anything that can endanger safe running of trains, check that doors of wagons are closed, check the brake continuity with Loco Pilot, sign the Brake Power certificate (BPC) after ensuring sufficient brake power, constantly monitor the formation on the run for any abnormalities, prepare train reports like Combined Train Reports, late arrival reports, etc. Job of a goods guard is somewhat strenuous in nature as it involves staying in his/her brake van during the entire run where there are no basic facilities.

Degree from recognized university or equivalent.

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills.

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay (Rs. 1900), Initial Pay: 5830 + 1900 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

A Goods Guard could be promoted to Passenger Guard or Express Guard.

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11. Section Engineer Section Engineer (SE) works as a supervisor in Civil Engineering department of railways. Traditionally SE was called Inspector of Works. He/she is responsible for construction and maintenance of railway buildings including staff quarters, water supply to these building, prevention of encroachment on railway land etc.

Diploma in Civil Engineering from a recognized university/ institution.

Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills.

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 9300 - 34800) + Grade Pay(Rs. 4200), Initial Pay: 9300 + 4200 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension. Promoted to Assistant Divisional Engineer.

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12. Technician Signal A signal maintainer has to work indoor as well as outdoor where railway signaling installations are provided. He/she is responsible for maintaining block instruments and panel provided in station houses, points and crossings provided outdoor where rails are joined, gate signals. The work includes normal maintenance and attendance during failure.

10 +2 pass and Diploma in Engineering

Training: Ability to work under pressure, managerial skills, computer skills and good communication skills.

Initial Pay: 7510 + 2400 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

Technician can be promoted to Junior Engineer

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13. Telecom Maintainer (TCM) Telecom maintainer (TCM) is in-charge of maintaining telecom equipment in a section of Railways comprising a few stations - both normal maintenance and attendance during failure. The work is indoor as well as outdoor where railway communication equipment are provided. Responsibilities of a telecom maintainer include maintaining Railway Phones, Control phones, Station announcement systems, telegraph lines etc. As the job demands extensive stay outdoors in remote locations it is not advisable to women.

10+2 with Physics and math; Diploma in Engineering.

Basic communication skills and ability to work outdoors for longer durations

Good

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1900), Initial Pay: 5830 + 1900 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

A telecom maintainer could be promoted to Junior Engineer.

140

14. Jr. Translator (Rashtra Bhasha Sahayak) Job includes translation from English to Hindi and from Hindi to English of subjects connected with railway working, official language promotion activities, conducting Hindi classes for employees etc. Masterâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s degree from a recognized University or equivalent in Hindi or English or Recognized Diploma or Certificate Course in translation from Hindi to English and vice-versa or two yearsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; experience of translation work from Hindi to English and vice-versa in Central or State Government offices, including Government of India Undertaking. NA

Excellent command ofboth the languages (English and Hindi)

Heavy competition for the position Pay Band 1(Rs. 9300 - 34800) + Grade Pay(Rs. 4200), Initial Pay: 9300 + 4200 + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Transport Allowance, Pension.

A junior translator can be promoted to Senior Translator.

141

15. Diesel Khalasi Diesel Khalasi is required to do cleaning of locomotives/spare parts/workplace/lifting and movement of heavy materials and assisting different supervisors and technicians in carrying out different jobs in a diesel locomotive shed.

10th Pass or ITI or Equivalent

Male Candidates: Should be able to run for a distance of 1500 metres in 6 minute in one chance. Female Candidates: Should be able to run for a distance of 400 metres in 3 minutes in one chance.

Huge demand and heavy competition for entry

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1800) + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

142

16. DSL Cleaner DSL cleaner is a carriage cleaner who is employed in the diesel locomotive shed. They are responsible for keeping the diesel locomotive shed clean. They also have to clean all the locomotives as well as spare parts and other machinery in the shed.

10th Pass or ITI, or Equivalent

Physical: Male Candidates: Should be able to run for a distance of 1500 metres in 6 minute in one chance. Female Candidates: Should be able to run for a distance of 400 metres in 3 minutes in one chance. Huge demand and heavy competition for entry

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1800) + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

143

17. Safaiwala They are responsible for cleaning of the coach when they are standing in the yard or at times even in the station.

10th Pass or ITI, or Equivalent

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay (Rs. 1800) + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

144

18. Railway Porter A porter is a railway employee employed to assist passengers aboard a passenger train or to handle their baggage. The term is also used to refer to employees who assist passengers in the sleeping cars. Apart from attending to loading/unloading, they also have to help the station master in his/her job.

10th Pass or ITI or Equivalent

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1800) + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

145

19. Gateman Gateman is the person who mans the gates at rail tracks cutting across the roads.

10th Pass or ITI or Equivalent

Huge demand and heavy competition for entry

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1800) + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

146

20. Trackman This is an important and prominently field job, arising out of track maintenance work, including carrying heavy material and tools on railway line, discharging functions of watchman also to protect railway track and assisting supervisors in maintenance and protection of railway track.

10th Pass or ITI or Equivalent

Male Candidates: Should be able to run for a distance of 1500 metres in 6 minute in one chance. Female Candidates: Should be able to run for a distance of 400 metres in 3 minutes in one chance. Huge Demand and Heavy competition for entry

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1800) + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

147

21. Pointsman Pointsmanâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s job involves setting points (instruments to divert track), attaching /detaching of vehicles from a train under instructions from station master etc. The job is primarily outdoors and hence, more suitable for men.

10th Pass or ITI Or Equivalent

Pay Band 1(Rs. 5200 - 20200) + Grade Pay(Rs. 1800) + Benefits: HRA Or Living Quarters, DA, Pension.

148

Skilled & Semi- Skilled Jobs

149

Skilled & Semi-Skilled Jobs Sub-Categories: 1. Driver cum Mechanic 2. Building Maintenance 3. Data Entry Operator 4. CrĂ¨che Manager 5. Nanny 6. Front Office Assistant/ Secretary 7. Network Technician 8. Carpenter 9. Foundryman 10. Welder 11. Plumber 12. Mason 13. Plastic Processing Operator 14. Interior Decoration & Designing 15. Tailor 16. Leather Footwear 17. Craftsman Food Production (General & Veg) 18. Food & Vegetable Processing 19. Bleaching, Dyeing & Calico Printing 20. Hair & Skin Care 21. Photography 22. Stenography (English & Hindi) 23. Fashion Technology 24. Desk Top Publishing Operator 25. Computer Operator & Programming Assistant 26. Wireman (Electrician) 27. Painter (General) 28. Draftsman Civil 29. Surveyor 30. Electroplater 31. Electrician 32. Machinist (Grinder) 33. Turner 34. Fitter 35. Mechanic 36. Tools & Die Maker 150

1. Driver cum Mechanic A driver cum mechanic is a professional who not only drives a vehicle but also can repair the vehicle, if there is any damage to it. He/she ensures that the vehicle is available at all times for their client.

SSC Pass

Possess a driving license

Independent, ability to clearly explain technical issues to clients, good manual dexterity, ability to concentrate for long periods of time, competent level of fitness, ability to work under pressure, and excellent technical abilities. One can set up their own garage upon gaining experience.

Demand for both drivers and mechanics is high and if a person can do both well, he will be sought after.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

151

2. Building Maintenance The building maintenance personnel is responsible for the upkeep of real property, structural, electrical, and plumbing systems. He/she maintains and makes minor repairs for buildings such as plumbing, lighting, electrical, and structural systems within buildings. They are also responsible for implementing a system that enhances the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s security without disrupting its normal activities.

SSC Pass

Positive attitude, team player, dependable, adaptable, good work ethics, and high degree of coordination and manual dexterity.

Good

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

152

3. Data Entry Operator A data entry operator, sometimes called a typist, is a member of staff, employed to type data into a database using a keyboard, optical scanner, or data recorder.

SSC Pass (with typing in English/Hindi/any local language with speed of 30 words-per-minute).No technical knowledge is generally required and these jobs can even be worked from home. Ability to focus for lengthy periods, discretion, good reading & writing skills, good communication skills and critical thinking and active listening skills. Frequent advertisements by companies in leading newspapers and other portals indicate a huge demand for data entry operators in India.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

153

4. Crèche Manager A crèche provides supervised care for limited periods of time. Many operate in supermarkets, leisure centers, children's centers and company onsite facilities, where parents are involved in activities on the premises. The crèche manager ensures that the team provides age-appropriate activities, such as painting, physical play, stories, quiet reading and songs. DVDs, bouncy castles, trampolines and entertainment from clowns or magicians may be provided for older children.

SSC pass. Passed 10th class examination under 10+2 system of education. Vocational course in Crèche management

6 Months

Caring, good with children, ability to communicate with the kids, have basic knowledge of child psychology. Self-Employment.

There is a huge demand for crèche in the metropolitan cities as both the parents are working.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

Jan Shikshan Sansthan; and ITIs in various cities.

154

5. Nanny A nanny is a professional who looks after children while their parents are away at work. A Nanny is responsible for overseeing a child's health, routine, nutrition and safety. Nannies are also responsible for organizing and creating activities, whether leisure or educational. Educational activities will focus on curriculum geared to help a child develop in a healthy manner. Nannies perform various tasks such as cooking childâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s meals, taking them to school, helping them with their homework, etc.

10+2 pass

Diploma or Degree in Child Care is very beneficial.

Depends upon the course chosen.

Excellent inter-personal and communication skills, love for children, ability to work under pressure; reliable and trust-worthy. One can start their own crĂ¨che, after gaining experience.

Good

Rs. 4000- 5000 p.m.

University of Pune; Punjab University; and various other institutions across the country.

155

6. Front Office Assistant The front desk office assistant manages the filing system and maintains the records of the organization. These assistants are the first point of contact for vendors, patients, clients and others. He/she might be called upon to answer the company's main phone line and direct calls to the proper people. The assistant will usually be responsible for supplying information, taking messages and keeping co-workers informed about the time, date and nature of calls.

S.S.C. Pass

Excellent customer service skills, attention to detail, strong communication skills, and proficiency in English.

Over time one can gradually move into related employment areas, such as marketing, human resources and public relations.

Front office assistants are needed in banks, hotels, and various other offices.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

The work offers excellent promotional prospects via advancement into senior administrative and secretarial positions.

156

7. Network Technician Network technicians install, maintain and troubleshoot Local Area Networks, Wide Area Networks and data communications equipment. They also analyze and fix networkrelated problems reported by users. These technicians play important roles as companies make increasing use of networks to improve communication and collaboration, inside and outside the organization.

High School Pass

6 months Product knowledge and technical skills to install network components and operating systems & the knowledge should be up to date, understanding of network standards and should be able to configure networks for fast, secure, reliable operation. Knowledge of network security is important as companies face increasing threats that could disrupt operations or expose them to loss of confidential data. Excellent diagnostic skills and good interpersonal skills to communicate with network users. Good

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs, private computer institutes, colleges and universities in various cities offer short term courses.

157

8. Carpenter A carpenter is defined as a craftsman with a skill and experience in woodworking, hand tools and joineries. A carpenter generally has a smaller tool inventory and may need direction to perform more advanced carpentry skills. He/she has the knowledge of residential construction and remodeling trades & practices, techniques, tools and quality control, cost control, and safety. Carpenters are also proficient at the following tasks: stain-grade trim work, hang doors, drill and set door hardware, set windows, layout for stairs and common rafters, read blueprints, utilize appropriate math skills.

8th standard Pass

Craftsman course in carpentry

1 year Ability to read blueprints; mathematical & analytical skills are necessary to do material estimates; good interpersonal & communication skills; organizational skills; physically fit; ability to work with tools, lumbers & materials; ability to lift & manipulate objects etc. •• Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) •• Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) •• Self-employment The job market is good especially in public and private sectors

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITI’s in various cities.

158

9. Foundryman A foundryman is involved with molding, casting, metallurgy, mold sand testing, welding various parts in machinery etc. Lot of their work involves metals and joining of metals is done in various industrial units especially in weapon making companies, railways, automobiles, defence laboratories etc.

8th standard Pass

Foundryman trade course

1 year Possess complete knowledge of all the aspects of metalworking, excellent eye-hand co-ordination, physically fit, and ability to work in teams. •• •• •• •• ••

pprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) A Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institutes- ATI's) Employment in defence, public and private sectors, industries etc. Self-employment

There are opportunities in railways, other public sector units, research labs, railways, shipyards etc. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITI s in various cities

159

10. Welder A welder is a tradesman who specializes in welding materials together. The materials to be joined can be metals (such as steel, aluminum, brass, stainless steel etc.) or varieties of plastic or polymer. Welders are in demand in various industries with heavy gauge machinery, automotive assembly, setting up plants and industries machine components, fabrication, computer assembly etc.

10+2

Diploma in welding technology

1 year Dexterity, good overall physical health, ability to work on one’s feet for long periods of time, technical knowledge to operate computerized welding equipment. •• Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) •• Diploma in related field(Lateral Entry) •• Short term Advance Courses(Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) •• Self-employment The diploma holders in welding technology are appointed in various kinds of industries that deal with manufacturing, up gradation & maintenance of machine from large to small scale. They are also appointed in various construction companies. Companies dealing with ships, cars & other transport also employ expert welders. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITI s in various cities

160

11. Plumber A plumber is a tradesperson who specializes in installing and maintaining systems used for potable (drinking) water, sewage, and drainage, sanitary fittings, brazing, gas welding, masonry work related to plumbing etc.He/she should be able to read drawings, and specifications to determine layout of water supply, waste, and venting systems. He/she is also responsible for testing pipes for leaks using air and water pressure gauges thereby ensuring safety standards and building regulations.

10th standard pass

Certificate or diploma course in plumbing

1 year Good communication skills; inter-personal skills; problem solving ability; patient, friendly, approachable, a fast learner, and practical. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment or work in government departments

Good Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.or 60,000 - 200,000 p.a.

ITIs in various cities and Jan Shikhshan Sansthan

161

12. Mason Masons are one of the important men in the process of construction of buildings. They install tiles, bricks and other cement-based materials. They also work with heavy duty equipment and are often assigned to do the heavy tasks like lay building materials like concrete, bricks, tiles, etc. He/she also fabricates, alters & repairs walls, sidewalks, roads, bathroom, manholes, etc.

8th standard pass

NA Knowledge in tile, brick & cement setting, operating light & heavy equipment materials, ability to work under pressure, ability to access future problems with the construction, wide knowledge & skills in construction •• Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) •• Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) •• Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) •• Self-employment Masons are in demand abroad especially in the Middle East where construction and oil rigs remain as the biggest industry. Jobs in real estate and construction companies. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities and training under private experienced masons.

162

13. Plastic Processing Operator Plastic processing machine operators set up & operate plastic mixing, calendaring, extruding and molding processing machines used in the manufacture of plastic parts & plastic products. They are employed by the plastic products manufacturing companies.

Pass in 10th exam under 10+2 system of education or its equivalent.

1 year

Good communication skills, physical fitness, and ability to work under pressure. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

163

13. Interior Decoration & Designing An interior designer enhances the function, safety and aesthetics of interior spaces while taking into account how different colours, textures, furniture, lighting and space work together to meet occupants' or visitors' needs. He or she works with both private and public spaces including residences, shopping malls, schools, offices and hospitals. Interior designers plan the design of living and commercial environments. They then manage the work of turning their ideas into a reality. They need to design a space that is practical for its purpose as well as visually pleasing.

Passed 10th class examination under 10+2 system of education. Almost all interior designers have a degree, this may be in interior design or in a related subject such as 3D design, graphic design, fashion and textile design, architecture or fine art. A graduate diploma in interior designing is useful too. Interior designers are expected to keep up to date with new trends and products. 3- 4 years Creativity and imagination, an eye for design, including colour and good 3D knowledge, the ability to visualize concepts and explain them to others, good drawing and IT skills, good organizational skills, to ensure each project is completed on time and within budget, awareness of technical building issues, and the range of relevant products and materials, strong communication and negotiation skills. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field(Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses(Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

The main employers are design consultancies and architectural practices. Some interior designers are self-employed. There are good opportunities for interior designers, but competition for places can be keen.

164

RS 15,000 - 20,000 p.m.

ITI s & designing institutions in various cities.

165

14. Tailor Tailors are professionals who design, make, alter or repair clothing. Tailors are the perfect person to fix and alter clothing that fits their clients best. They know the different types of fabrics and know the best techniques to use on them to make alterations. Tailors may also make clothing for their clients from scratch using patterns and a client's measurements.

Minimum 10th standard pass.

Diploma or certificate programme related to tailoring and sewing.

1 year

Hardworking, patient, attention to detail, work with perfection, good eyesight and eye-hand co-ordination, flair for colours. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field(Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses(Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs and fashion institutes in various cities.

166

15. Leather Foot Wear Designer A leather footwear designer cuts out parts following patterns or outlines, using knives, shears, scissors, or machine presses, construct, decorate, or repair leather products according to specifications, using sewing machines, needle and thread, leather lacing, glue, clamps, hand tools, and/or rivets, align and stitch or glue leather in order to join parts. He/she selects materials and patterns, and trace patterns onto materials to be cut out, attach insoles to shoe lasts, affix shoe uppers, and apply heels and outsoles, cement, nail, or sew soles and heels to shoes, shape shoe heels with a knife, and sand them on a buffing wheel for smoothness High school diploma is essential.

Diploma or degree in footwear designing.

Depends upon the course chosen.

Dexterity, good eye sight, arm-hand steadiness, and creativity. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field(Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses(Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

NA ITI s in various cities, Govt. leather institutes in various cities such as Karnataka Institute of Leather Technology in Bangalore; Government College of Engineering and Leather Technology in Kolkata; Indira Gandhi National Open University, School of Engineering & Technology in Delhi and various other institutions across the country. 167

16. Craftsman Food Production (General & Veg) He/she prepares, seasons and cooks soups, meats, vegetables, desserts and other foodstuff for consumption in hotels, restaurants and other establishmentsas listed on the menu.They are also responsible for organizing the kitchen. Potential employers are top five & three star hotels and resorts in India and abroad, flight/railway catering, restaurants, fast food and pizza joints, cruise liners, corporate catering companies.

Passed10+2

Diploma in Food Production

1 year Excellent knowledge of all the ingredients, spices & their value, versatile cook, knowledge of multiple cuisines. Creativity and imagination for food presentation, strong communication skills, ability to multi-task and work under pressure. One can start their own unit of catering for wedding parties etc. or open a restaurant. The job market is very good. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITI, Hotel Management institutes, and Home Science colleges in various cities

168

17. Fruit and Vegetable Processing The fruit and vegetable production worker is responsible for the timely and efficient processing of fruits and vegetables, following food plant sanitation standards and operating procedures. Maintains high standards of food plant sanitation in all production activities, ensures good manufacturing practices are adhered to at all times, inspects and monitors fruit and vegetables for various sources of contamination, immediately reports any observation of contamination to their supervisor

S.S.C Pass (with Science subject)

Diploma in fruit & vegetable processing

1 year

Excellent eye-hand coordination, good communication skills, high level of personal hygiene, and attention to detail. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs and, Hotel Management Institutes in various cities.

169

18. Bleaching, Dyeing & Calico Printing Operate or tend machines, such as padding machines, treating tanks, dye jigs and vats, to bleach, shrink, wash, dye, and finish textiles, such as cloth, yarn, grease cloth and fiberglass sliver, preparatory to further processing. They control machines, handle objects, monitor processes & materials, inspect equipment & structures, implement ideas, evaluate information, identify objects, actions, etc.

S.S.C Pass (With Science & Math subject)

1 year Good at mathematics, critical thinking, sound judgment& decision making skill, and good eye-hand coordination. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field(Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses(Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

The frequent advertisements in the newspapers & on the internet indicate a high demand for bleaching, dyeing & calico printing. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

170

19. Hair & Skin Care Specialist/ Beautician The role of a skin & hair care specialist is to provide expert services to clients with regard to skin & hair concerns. He or she helps not only with the application of treatments but also with advising and recommending appropriate services via client consultations. Removing unwanted body hair, carrying out beauty and facial treatments is the job of a beautician. These professionals are entrusted with the care of peopleâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s skin, face and body and they help to make them relax by employing different treatment options.

SSC Pass. Proper training is essential; many individuals begin via apprenticeship positions and certification is available through numerous beauty colleges. 1 year Excellent communication skills, creative flair, innovative, excellent eye-hand coordination and the ability to work efficiently and calmly under pressure. One can pursue a course in cosmetology for better opportunities; or even start their own beauty salon. Good. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

They can get promoted to managerial positions.

ITIs and Beauty Institutes in various cities

171

20. Photography Professional photographers take pictures of people, events such as weddings, places and objects. Photographers may also specialize in a particular field such as fashion, advertising or clinical photography. Their work can appear anywhere from newspapers and magazines to wedding albums and textbooks. Each job or shoot will be different, and how individual photographers spend their time will depend on the area in which they work.

SSC Pass (With Physics & Chemistry subject) There are no set academic qualifications for entry into this career but the majority of photographers have completed a course in photography in order to master the technical skills involved. A portfolio of work is essential and should contain between 10 and 15 photographs. 1 year Creative, with a good eye for a picture, reliable and ability to meet deadlines, motivated and determined, excellent technical and photographic skills, computer skills, especially with computer programs such as Photoshop, good communications skills, ability to listen and interpret the client's needs, focus on getting a good picture no matter what is going on around them, and good at marketing themselves. Self-employment

The job market is good. Several photographers are self-employed as the jobs are limited. However the demand for photographers is great.

172

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs and Photography Institutes in various cities.

173

21. Stenography (English & Hindi) Stenography is the art and science of writing hidden messages in such a way that no one, apart from the sender and intended recipient, suspects the existence of the message, a form of security through obscurity. A stenographer has been defined as a person who operates a stenograph machine. Although stenographers are also called court reporters, not all stenographers work in courtrooms. Stenographers record oral communications, such as testimony and speeches, by typing the data on a stenograph. 10+2 Pass (English subject with min. 50% marks for English and Hindi subject with a minimum of 50% mark for Hindi) NA

1 year Active listening, writing, reading comprehension, and time management skills. Some stenographers choose to become freelancers, providing their services as independent contractors or forming their own companies to provide freelance stenographers to clients. Experienced stenographers can sometimes find jobs teaching students who are training as court reporters. Other stenographers advance by acquiring additional skills. Good. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities.

174

22. Fashion Technology Fashion design is the art of the application of design and aesthetics or natural beauty to clothing and accessories. Fashion designers work in a number of ways in designing clothing and accessories. Some work alone or as part of a team. They attempt to satisfy consumer desire for aesthetically designed clothing; and, because of the time required to bring a garment onto the market, must at times anticipate changing consumer tastes.

10+2 Pass

Diploma or degree in fashion designing

Depends upon the course chosen Innovative, attention to detail, ability to work under pressure, good with colours, ability to predict trends. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

The job market is excellent for this field

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs, NIFT and private institutions in various cities.

175

23. Desk Top Publishing Operator DTP (desktop publishing) operators use specialist computer software to make sure that printed materials (such as books, newspapers, magazines and brochures) are well designed, attractive and easy to read. They collate and put lot of information into attractive readable formats using designing software.

10th pass (English Typing speed 30 words per minute)

1 year Excellent computer skills and knowledge, creative, eye for detail and good design, ability to work under pressure and to follow strict deadlines, work methodically and ability to work in teams and also independently. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs and private institutes in various cities.

176

24. Computer Operator & Programming Assistant A computer operator/ programming assistant is a professional who is familiar with fundamentals of computers and can identify, analyseand check validity of data. He/she is also proficient in various computer languages such as COBOL, C++, Xbase, etc. They are usually employed in jobs related to supervising, analyzing or maintaining various computer operations and development of software packages.

10th Pass

Diploma in Computer Programming

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs and private computer institutes in various cities

177

25. Wireman Wiremen perform entry-level work in the installation, testing, repair and maintenance of equipment and facilities used in the generation, distribution and transmission of electrical power. They also install and maintain a variety of electrical systems using specialized tools; provide on-the-job training to apprentices and helpers, and diagnose and correct defects in power generation and distribution systems.

8th Standard Pass

Active listening, imagination, alertness of mind and willingness to work at odd hours. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

178

26. Painter (general) Painter is responsible for mixing, matching, and applying paint to various surfaces, completing touchups, and coordinating large painting projects. He/she paints on surfaces such as canvas, walls, floors, doors, and cabinets, prior to painting they scrape the walls and filling up or sealing the cracks.

8th Standard Pass

2 years Knowledge of the tools, equipment, materials, and application techniques common to the painting trade, knowledge and skill in hazardous materials handling, application, and disposal, knowledge of text and display requirements for signage applications, skill in the preparation and application of paints, stains, and surface preparation materials to a wide variety of surfaces. •• Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) •• Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) •• Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) •• Self-employment The job market for painters is good. There is always a huge demand for experienced painters. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITI s in various colleges

179

27. Draftsman Civil A civil draftsman is a visual artist who specializes in artistic drawings. He/she also prepares technical drawings and plans under the direction of an architect or engineer

SSC Pass

2 years Ability to clearly explain technical issues to clients, good manual dexterity, ability to concentrate for long periods of time, possess competent level of fitness, ability to work under pressure, and have excellent technical abilities, •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Job Market is good due to a booming real estate market.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m

ITIs in various cities

180

28. Surveyor Surveyors do different types of work. Some measure land, air space and water areas. They describe where a certain area of land is & explain what it looks like & how much is there. They put these facts in deeds, leases and other legal documents. They might also lead survey parties or surveying projects. There are different type of surveyors like geodetic surveyors, geophysical prospecting surveyors, marine or hydro graphic surveyors, surveying & mapping technicians, cartographers, photogrammetrists, etc.

S.S.C Pass (with Science & Math. Subjects) Job opportunities will be best for those with at least a college degree & strong technical skills, such as the ability to use geographic information systems. 2 years Ability to visualize objects, distance, sizes and abstract forms, work with precision and accuracy. Good interpersonal skills & ability to work as part of a team is essential as surveying & mapping is a cooperative operation. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good. The architectural, engineering & related services industry including firms that provide surveying & mapping services to other industries on a contract basis provide a lot of jobs to the surveyors. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

181

29. Electroplater Electroplater is a person who controls plating equipment which deposits metal covering on metallic objects. They coat metal plates & objects like car bodies with a protective layer of metal to prevent rust or create a decorative finish.

SSC Pass.

For higher qualification, one can pursue Post Graduate diploma in electroplating.

2 years

Attention to details, math skills at an 8th grade level. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m. Many workers in this position tend to grow with this job and move into supervisory or higher level jobs if they demonstrate aptitude and ability.

ITIs in various cities

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30. Electrician An electrician is a tradesman specializing in electrical wiring of buildings and related appliances and equipment. Electrician may be employed in the installation of new electric components or the maintenance and repair of existing electrical infrastructure.

10th pass (math & science)

2 years Steady hands & strong hand-eye coordination ensures safety & precision in repairs. Good vision (particularly colour vision), physically fit to work on towers, possess a good sense of equilibrium, math skills, drafting skills, attention to detail on complex projects & schematics are good abilities for an individual to possess. •• Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) •• Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) •• Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) •• Self-employment •• Jobs in State Electricity boards Good. Electricians are employed across several industries like construction, manufacturing, mining, etc. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

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31. Machinist (Grinder) A machinist is a person who uses machine tools to make or modify parts, primarily metal parts, through a process known as machining. This is accomplished by using machine tools to cut away excess material such as woodcarver cuts away excess wood to produce his work. They are among the most highly skilled industrial workers.

10th pass (Science & Math)

2 years Troubleshooting, critical thinking, coordination, complex problem solving, active listening, sound judgment& decision making skills, time management, repairing, reading comprehension, mathematics, active learning, and social perceptiveness. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

Good.

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

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32. Turner Turners are responsible for manufacturing metal components and assembling them to construct tools, industrial machinery, and machine components. They study assembly specifications to perform the most efficient order of processes required for specific projects. These specialists also measure each large and small component to ensure they will fit together properly in the final design. They identify potential problems by understanding machine specifications and drawings before the production process.

10th Pass.

2 years Mathematical skills, knowledge of appropriate use of equipment& repair tools, responsible, patient, problem solving skills, good manual dexterity, accuracy, mechanical skills, time management. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

The job market is good Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

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33. Fitter A fitter is tradesman who does pipe fitting, mill maintenance job, bench fitting job. Fitter deals with industrial equipment, safety equipment and tasks like preparing screws, nuts and taps, and gas cutting etc. He/ she also helps in maintenance and production of equipment.

SSC Pass.

2 years Ability to clearly explain technical issues to clients, good manual dexterity, ability to concentrate for long periods of time, possess competent level of fitness, ability to work under pressure and excellent technical abilities. •• •• •• ••

Apprenticeship (for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC) Diploma in related field (Lateral Entry) Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's) Self-employment

The job market is good

Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities

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34. Mechanic Mechanics are required to repair and maintain almost any machinery or device by using their advanced knowledge about functioning of many systems. They specialize in specific areas depending on type of business. There are various types of mechanics such as consumer electronics mechanic, computer mechanics who fix various hardware issues of the computer, machine tools maintenance mechanic, etc. All types of mechanics broadly perform the following tasks: â&#x20AC;˘ Repairing. â&#x20AC;˘ Diagnosing technical issues. â&#x20AC;˘ Replacing damaged parts of machinery.

10th Pass (with Science & Math subject)

Good mechanics are always in demand in any industry/trade/ area.

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Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITIs in various cities.

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35. Tool & Die Maker This job requires highly skilled labour and it involves the highest degree of skill and accuracy. It demands a deep insight in to the manufacturing of jigs, fixtures, all types of press tools, molds for plastics, die-casting dies and forging dies for engineering, electrical, electronics, automobile industries and house hold articles, etc. They produce jigs and fixtures-devices that hold metal while it is bored, stamped, or drilled & gauges and other measuring devices. They also repair worn or damaged tools, dies, gauges, jigs and fixtures.

10+2 pass (with Math, Physics, and Chemistry)

3 years Excellent eye-hand coordination, creative mind, ability to work under pressure, possess some level of physical fitness, and ability to work both independently and in teams. Apprenticeship(for 1 or 2 years and then appear in a test: NAC); Diploma in related field(Lateral Entry); Short term Advance Courses (Advance Training Institute's- ATI's); or Self-Employment Good. Rs 5,000 - 17,000 p.m.

ITI s in various cities

189

190

Social Work

Social Work Sub-Categories: 1. Counsellor 2. Field Team 3. Fund Raiser 4. Social Worker

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1. Counsellor Counsellors ensure healthy development of a person by offering support, evaluation, therapeutic aid or consultation. This role is extremely difficult as it involves working with really difficult persons with little support. A counsellor plays a key role in most NGOs as they are the ones responsible as to how the affected person's rehabilitation process goes. Certificate, Diploma and PG Diploma courses on counseling are offered by various institutes all over India. Counseling courses also include a certificate course in Guidance.

A diploma or degree in counselling is preferred.

6 month to 3 years

Passion, sense of ownership, ability to listen and empathise, excellent communication & inter-personal skills, patience, emotionally sound and ability to think on feet and act quickly. Head-Counsellor, school counsellor, old age-homes, or work independently.

Good especially since the Social sector is presently experiencing a never before seen boom.

Indian Institute of Counselling, Delhi; Christ University, Bangalore; Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai; Jamia Milia Islamia, Delhi; and various other social work colleges in various cities affiliated to local universities.

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2. Field Team Field team is usually required to do all the ground-work depending on the NGO. They are required to maintain relations with the impact group of people and also facilitate meetings between the impact group and NGO. They conduct surveys and other information-gathering exercises both pre and post impact of the NGO.

Graduate or in exceptional cases, 12th pass are hired.

3 years Excellent communication & inter-personal skills; ability to work in teams and also independently; ability to work under pressure; and knowledge of local communities. Good especially since the Social sector is presently experiencing a never before seen boom.

Rs 6,000-10,000 p.m.

Team Leader

Tata Institute of Social Sciences; Madras School of Social Work, Chennai; Department of Social Work, Delhi University; and various arts and humanities colleges across the country.

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3. Fund Raiser A fund raiser is responsible for raising funds (monetary and kind) for the organization by organizing various activities. He/she is also responsible for designing and producing promotional materials for raising awareness about the organizationâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s work, goals, and financial needs Fundraisers basically build successful relationships with donors and ensure that every donor is appreciated for what he/she does

10+2; degree in social work may come in handy.

Excellent written and oral communication skills, ability to work under pressure and meet deadlines; ability to meet financial targets; good organisational and project management skills; ability to motivate others and work as part of a team; and resilience, particularly when faced with setbacks.

Good

The starting salary of fundraiser with an international organisation is around Rs.15, 000 per month. A city head can make about Rs.35, 000 per month. Though it is to be noted that their salaries vary significantly depending on the size and location of the organisation and the type of fundraising involved. Based on their performance and availability of positions in the organisation, they can move up and become a team leader in a year and a senior team leader in the next couple of years. Department of Social Work, Delhi University; Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai; Xavier Institute of Social Service, Ranchi; and various other institutions across the country.

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4. Social Worker A social worker works towards the solutions of people's social, economic and emotional problems by counseling, arranging conferences, increasing resources, spreading public awareness and starting social programs and health services. They work in the interest of people to enable them to deal with their personal and social difficulties and obtain essential resources and services.

10+2 in any stream; Bachelorâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Degree in Social Work (B.S.W./ B.A.); and Masters degree course in Social work (M.S.W./ M.A).

3 years for B.S.W. /B.A..and 2 years for M.S.W./M.A. Emphatic; social perceptiveness; willingness to work with people as a team; ability to work under difficult and stressful conditions, problem solving ability, creative; and resilience, particularly when faced with setbacks. After completing their studies, one can go for teaching and some research and administrative jobs. Orpursue a career as a counselor in healthcare, adoption, environmental protection, community policing etc. One can also specialize in a specific domain such as child welfare and family services, mental health services, etc. Very good. Depending upon the abilities and the project one is working with, a social worker may get paid between Rs 15,000 to Rs 20,000, whereas, an experienced social worker could earn upto Rs 50,000 per month. Upon gaining experience, one can become a consultant with various organizations and can also do freelance work. Tata Institute of Social Sciences, Mumbai; University of Delhi; Madras School of Social Work, Chennai; Xavier Institute of Social Service, Ranchi; and various other institutions across the country.

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Association for Rural and Urban Needy Rainbow Foundation India H. No. 1-1-711/C/1, Opposite Vishnu Residency, Gandhi Nagar, Hyderabad-80 Ph.: 040 65144656 Website: rainbowhome.in

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A HANDBOOK OF CAREER OPTIONS

Association for Rural and Urban Needy Rainbow Foundation India