Strategic Thinking - A Demonstration of ArchGIS

G I S F i n a l |

Katie Renner Spring 2013 Prof. Jim Querry

Alleviating Philadelphia Wa t e r s h e d s f r o m C S O C S O

-Combine Sewer Overflow

P RO J E C T

development

Background: Philadelphia has a combined wastewater and storm water system throughout the city that in the time of hevy r a i n t r e a t m e n t p l a n t s a r e o v e r l o a d e d . W h e n t r e a t m e n t f a c i l i t i e s a r e o v e r l o a d e d t h e E PA a l l o w s t h e u n t r e a t e d water that cannot be handled by treatment plans to flow into watersheds surrounding the Philadelphia area.

A l t h o u g h t h i s o v e r f l o w i s h a r m f u l t o t h e s u r r o u n d i n g w a t e r b o d i e s , t h i s m o v e b y t h e E PA i s t o p r e v e n t l o c a l contamination within neighborhoods.

To h e l p P h i l a d e l p h i a n s u n d e r s t a n d t h e p a r t s o f t h e c i t y t h a t a r e h i g h e s t c o n t r i b u t o r s t o t h e c o m b i n e d s e w e r problem can help residents and project initiators realize where initiatives can begin to have the most influential improvements.

P RO J E C T

development

Background: Philadelphia has a combined wastewater and storm water system throughout the city that in the time of hevy r a i n t r e a t m e n t p l a n t s a r e o v e r l o a d e d . W h e n t r e a t m e n t f a c i l i t i e s a r e o v e r l o a d e d t h e E PA a l l o w s t h e u n t r e a t e d water that cannot be handled by treatment plans to flow into watersheds surrounding the Philadelphia area.

A l t h o u g h t h i s o v e r f l o w i s h a r m f u l t o t h e s u r r o u n d i n g w a t e r b o d i e s , t h i s m o v e b y t h e E PA i s t o p r e v e n t l o c a l contamination within neighborhoods.

To h e l p P h i l a d e l p h i a n s u n d e r s t a n d t h e p a r t s o f t h e c i t y t h a t a r e h i g h e s t c o n t r i b u t o r s t o t h e c o m b i n e d s e w e r problem can help residents and project initiators realize where initiatives can begin to have the most influential improvements.

Problem: What locations, within Philadelphia, could storm water management projects be initiated to have the largest r e d u c t i o n o f r u n o ff i n t o t h e c o m b i n e d s e w a g e s y s t e m .

Philadelphia Combine Sewer Area

P RO C E S S Identified the areas within Philadelphia that contribute to the Combine Sewer system.

Legend Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area Buildings Streets

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects

P RO C E S S I then mapped the storm water infrastructure projects within Philadelphia that have been recorded.

Legend Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area Buildings Streets

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Within the Combine Sewer Area

P RO C E S S I then mapped the storm water infrastructure projects within Philadelphia that have been recorded.

Within those recorded projects, the projects with filled black markers fall within the CSO system.

Legend

Storm Wate rProjects within Conbine Sewer A Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area Buildings Streets

Area

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Within the Combine Sewer Area

P RO C E S S

Poquessing Creek Watershed

I then mapped the storm water infrastructure projects within Philadelphia that have been recorded.

Within those recorded projects, the projects with filled black markers fall within the CSO system.

Pennypack Creek Watershed

Wissahickon Creek Watershed

Delaware Direct Watershed

Tookany/Tacony-Frankford Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

Before moving forward I Identified the watersheds of the philadelphia region.

Delaware Direct Watershed

Schuylkill River Watershed Cobbs Creek Watershed

Darby Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

Legend Philadelphia Watersheds Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area Buildings Streets

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Within the Combine Sewer Area Constructed V In Design Phase

P RO C E S S

Poquessing Creek Watershe

Pennypack Creek Watershed

" " "" " "" " " " "" Wissahickon Creek Watershed ""

I then mapped the storm water infrastructure projects within Philadelphia that have been recorded.

"

""

Tookany/Tacony-Frankford Creek Watershed " " " " Delaware Direct Watershed

"" " "" " " "

Within those recorded projects, the projects with filled black markers fall within the CSO system.

" ""

"

" " " " ""

"" " " " "" " " """" " "" " " "" " " "" " " " "" " Delaware """ Direct Watershed " " "" " " " " " " "" " "" " " " " """ "" " "" " " """"" " " " " "" "" " "" " " " " "" Schuylkill River " "Watershed " Cobbs Creek "" " Watershed " " " " " " """ " " "" " " " " " " "" """ "" """" " " " " " "" " " " "" " "" " " "" " " " " "" " " " " "" " " ""

Before moving forward I Identified the watersheds of the philadelphia region.

The recorded projcts consist of both projects that have been constructed as well as projects that are still in design Phases. This map identifies the constructed versus in design projects that f a l l w i t h i n t h e C S O b o u n d a r y.

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Delaware Direct Watershed "

"

Legend Constructed Projects Green Roof Infiltration/Storage Trench Other Porous Paving Rain Garden Stormwater Bumpout Stormwater Planter Stormwater Tree Trench Swale

Project In Design Phase

Darby Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

´ 0

0.75

" " "

Infiltration/Storage Trench

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Rain Garden

" " " "

Stormwater Basin

Other Porous Paving

Stormwater Bumpout Stormwater Planter Stormwater Tree Trench Philadelphia Watersheds Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area

1.5

3

4.5

Miles 6

Buildings Streets

ed

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Within the Combine Sewer Area

Constructed Projects - How do these serve the watersheds they contribute to?

P RO C E S S

Poquessing Creek Watershe

Pennypack Creek Watershed

Wissahickon Creek Watershed

d

This map indicates the currently constructed stormwater infrastructure projects that exist in the CSO area.

These became the projects I used to analyze which watershed is currently most underserved by stormwater managment projects.

Delaware Direct Watershed

Tookany/Tacony-Frankford Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

Delaware Direct Watershed

Schuylkill River Watershed Cobbs Creek Watershed

Legend Constructed Projects

Darby Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

Green Roof Infiltration/Storage Trench Other Porous Paving Rain Garden Stormwater Bumpout

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0.75

Stormwater Planter Stormwater Tree Trench Swale

1.5

3

4.5

Miles 6

Philadelphia Watersheds Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area

P RO C E S S

analysis

To a n a l y z e , I c r e a t e d m y o w n r a t i n g s y s t e m f o r t h e e l e m e n t s o f t h e s t o r m w a t e r p r o j e c t s t h a t h a v e b e e n implemented in the constructed projects. I rated these elements from 1 to 10 awarding the highest rating to implementations that handled the most stormwater in their system.

To e v a l u a t e h o w e a c h w a t e r s h e d w a s s e r v e d I t o t a l e d t h e r a t i n g s f o r e a c h p r o j e c t i n d i v i d u a l l y, a t t r i b u t e d t h e i r rating to the watershed they existed within and then added up the total ratings within each watershed.

The infrastructures I identified in my rating system were: – – – – – – – – –

Stormwater Basin Swale Green Roof Rain Garden Porous Paving/infiltration storage trench Stormwater Bump-out S t o r m w a t e r Tr e e Tr e n c h - r e t a i n s w a t e r b u t e x c e s s d r a i n s t o i n l e t s Flow-through Planter Stormwater Planter

P RO C E S S

analysis

The infrastructures I identified in my rating system were:

1 0 – S t o r m w a t e r B a s i n – c o n t a i n s h i g h e s t w a t e r c a p a c i t y a n d s l o w s w a t e r r u n o ff i n t o C S O 9 – S w a l e - c o n t a i n s h i g h w a t e r c a p a c i t y a n d p r e v e n t s w a t e r r u n o ff i n t o C S O 8 – G r e e n R o o f – s l o w s w a t e r r u n o ff f r o m o t h e r w i s e c o m p l e t e l y i m p e r m e a b l e s u r f a c e s 7 – R a i n G a r d e n – r e t a i n s l o w l e v e l s o f w a t e r f r o m r u n n i n g o ff i n t o C S O 6 – Porous Paving/infiltration trench – allows water to soak through to a gravel storage area underground 5 – Stormwater Bump-out – retains high amounts of water but excess drains to uinlets 4 – S t o r m w a t e r Tr e e Tr e n c h - r e t a i n s w a t e r b u t e x c e s s d r a i n s t o i n l e t s 3 – Flow-through Planter – Allows water to permeate into ground and excess drains out of planter into inlets 2 – Stormwater Planter – retains water but excess flows directly into CSO 1 – R a i n B a r r e l – c o n t a i n s s m a l l a m o u n t s o f w a t e r a n d t a k e s m a n y b a r r e l s a n d d i l i g e n c e t o b e e ff e c t i v e .

L o w c a p a c i t y / E ff e c t i v e n e s s

T h i s s y s t e m w a s d e v e l o p e d b y e v a l u a t i n g e a c h i n f r a s t r u c t u r e b a s e d o ff o f t h e i r d e s c r i p t i o n s f o u n d a t phillywatersheds.org. I used this information to gain an overview into what each project focuses on and the scope of each of their individual impacts.

P RO C E S S

analysis

used the sorting tools and query to replace each infrastructure name (within the green) with its rating in my system. I then for each row that represents a single projects (highlighted in red) calculated the results of my rating system (blue highlights results collumn).

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Within the Combine Sewer Area

Constructed Projects - How do these serve the watersheds they contribute to?

P RO C E S S

Poquessing Creek Watershe

Pennypack Creek Watershed

Wissahickon Creek Watershed

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Delaware Direct Watershed

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I then mapped the results field of the evaluation process that I did.

Tookany/Tacony-Frankford Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

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Delaware .! ! .Direct Watershed . !

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Schuylkill River Watershed . !

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Cobbs Creek Watershed

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Darby Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

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0.75

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Miles 6

Legend

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Results . !

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19 Philadelphia Watersheds Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area

P RO C E S S

analysis

To i d e n t i f y t h e m o s t u n d e r s e r v e d w a t e r s h e d , I s o r t e d t h e a t t r i b u t e s t a b l e a n d a d d e d t h e r e s u l t s i n e a c h w a t e r s h e d t o g e t h e r. I a l s o u s e d t h e p r o p e r t i e s o f t h e w a t e r s h e d a r e a s t o i d e n t i f y t h e s i z e o f t h e w a t e r s h e d t o compare how many acres were served by one rating point.

T h e D e l e w a r e , S c h u l y k i l l , a n d Ta c o n y - F r a n k f o r d R i v e r w a t e r s h e d s w e r e t h e o n l y w a t e r s h e d s t h a t h a d projects currently in my study area.

*The ratio [acres/total rating points] illustrates the number of acres being serviced by 1 rating point of my system.

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Within the Combine Sewer Area Ratio of Acres in Watershed to Points in Rating System

P RO C E S S

Poquessing Creek Watershed

Pennypack Creek Watershed

T h e s e r e s u l t s s h o w t h a t T h e Ta c o n y F r a n k f o r d R i v e r Wa t e r s h e d , h a v i n g 4 4 rating points that services 12165 acres has the highest ratio of rating points to acres.

Wissahickon Creek Watershed

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Delaware Direct Watershed

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276

Delaware Direct Watershed

Tookany/Tacony-Frankford Creek Watershed

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This narrows my focus area to the Ta c o n y - F r a n k f o r d R i v e r Wa t e r s h e d .

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. ! .! ! . ! . ! . .Watershed Delaware Direct!

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159 ! . . ! ! .

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Schuylkill . Watershed ! . River

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Cobbs Creek Watershed

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183!.

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Darby Creek Watershed Delaware Direct Watershed

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276 ! .

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159

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Legend Results . !

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19 Tookany_Tacony_FrankfordCreekWatershed PhilaWatershedinCSO

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Miles 6

Philadelphia Watersheds Philadelphia Combined Sewer Service Area

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Tookany/Talcony-Frankford Watershed Constructed Projects in Narrowed Study Area

P RO C E S S With a narrowed focus I can evaluate the projects within this area that are in the “in design phase” with my rating system.

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This will allow me to evaluate their e ff e c t i v e n e s s a n d d e t e r m i n e w h i c h p r o j e c t s c o u l d b e l a b e l e d a s t o p p r i o r i t y.

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Legend InDesignSWProjects_Clip <all other values>

PRIMARY_FE Infiltration/Storage Trench Other Porous Paving Rain Garden Stormwater Basin Stormwater Bumpout Stormwater Tree Trench

Results

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0.425

0.85

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2.55

Miles 3.4

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10 - 12 Tookany_Tacony_FrankfordCreekWatershed

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Tookany/Talcony-Frankford Watershed Highest Rated Project In Design Phase

P RO C E S S The project highlighted by the blue star is the highest rated project in design phases. It is rated in my rating system at 26 points, double than most of the other concurrent project.

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This project, I would categorize at the highest priorty managing the most storm w a t e r.

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Ferko Playground at Ta c k o n y C r e e k P a r k

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T h i s p r o j e c t â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s p l a n s i n c l u d e :

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Tr e e t r e n c h e s Swale I n f i l t r a t i o n Tr e n c h Rain Garden

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Legend

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HighestRated_Project_

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InDesign Projects More than 5000Ft. From Currently Constructed Projects InDesignSWProjects_Clip1

Results

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0.425

0.85

1.7

2.55

Miles 3.4

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4

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5-6

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7

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8-9

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10 - 12 Tookany_Tacony_FrankfordCreekWatershed

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Tookany/Talcony-Frankford Watershed Highest Rated Project In Design Phase 5000+ ft From Constructed Projects

P RO C E S S To d e t e r m i n e t h e t o p 3 p r o j e c t I h a d t o Then determine the two projects that would be runners-up to Ferko Playground.

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Because no other projects had such an outstanding rating within my system I sought alternative narrowing methods.

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To d o t h i s I u s e d t h e “ n e a r ” g e o p r o c e s s i n g .

With this tool I was able to find the in design projects that were furthest away from already constructed projects.

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Identified by red stars are projects more than 5000 ft. from currently constructed projects.

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Legend

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HighestRated_Project_

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InDesign Projects More than 5000Ft. From Currently Constructed Projects

Results

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0.85

1.7

2.55

Miles 3.4

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10 - 12 Tookany_Tacony_FrankfordCreekWatershed

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Tookany/Talcony-Frankford Watershed 3 highest rated projects

P RO C E S S With a further narrowed number of projects ratings emerged that stood out from the m a j o r i t y.

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The two additional Projects highlighted by blue star have ratings over 10.

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W i s t e r Wo o d s P a r k

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Chelten Hill Cemetery

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Legend

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HighestRated_Project_

Results

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0.425

0.85

1.7

2.55

Miles 3.4

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5-6

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8-9

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10 - 12 Tookany_Tacony_FrankfordCreekWatershed

Storm Water Infrastructure Projects Tookany/Talcony-Frankford Watershed 3 highest rated projects

C O N C LU S I O N Problem:

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What locations, within Philadelphia, could storm water management projects be initiated to have the largest . . ! ! r e d u c t i o n i m p a c t o f r u n o ff i n t o t h e c o m b i n e d s e w a g e s y s t e m . !.

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Conclusion:

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- T h e Ta l c o n y - F r a n k f o r d Wa t e r s h e d i s t h e m o s t u n d e r s e r v e d w a t e r s h e d b y t h e c u r r e n t l y c o n s t r u c t e d g r e e n infrastructure projects. ! .

-Based on my parameters the following in design green water infrastructure projects would provide the most r e d u c t i o n o f s t o r m w a t e r r u n - o ff t o t h e C S O w a t e r s h e d t h a t i s c u r r e n t l y t h e m o s t u n d e r s e r v e d : Legend

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Ferko Playground W i s t e r Wo o d s P a r k Chelten Hill Cemetery

HighestRated_Project_

Results

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0.425

0.85

1.7

2.55

Miles 3.4

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5-6

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8-9

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10 - 12 Tookany_Tacony_FrankfordCreekWatershed