PPD Positioning

KSENIA KRASNOPEVTSEVA BA GMD YEAR 3 PPD POSITIONING

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POSITIONING STATEMENT

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PROJECT ONE TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE A video project about experiencing the time.

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PROJECT TWO UNREAL WORLD A research project about QR codes usage.

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PROJECT THREE SELF INITIATED “EXHAUSTION” Visualising negative cognitive states.

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PROJECT FOUR SELF INITIATED “DOLCE FAR NIENTE”

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BIBLIOGRAPHY

Visualising the concept of delicious idleness through pattern design.

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INTRODUCTION

I am a fan of minimalism and simplicity. This is what I like most in art and all aspects of modern visual communications and this is what is always reflected in my own works.

I seek to always be in the process of personal growth, and to use any chance of discovering something new for myself.

I am on a permanent search for inspiration and motivation, and I always have an eye on news in the field of graphic design and modern arts be in the process of personal growth, and I use any chance of discovering something new for myself. I am on a permanent search for inspiration and motivation, and I always have an eye on news in the field of graphic design and modern art.

The Institute has provided me with all necessary conditions and resources for obtaining new knowledge as well as well a technical preparation and a strong theoretical basis.

I have got a chance of trying myself in both commercial projects with clearly set up briefs and conceptual art with its inherent freedom of expression during the studies.

I tried to cover both these spheres in the last year of study, and dedicated my dissertation to a serious subject of building up an advertising campaign and analyzing advertising methods while have done all practical works in the best traditions of conceptual art by visualizing human emotions and moods and addressing the problems of haste and hurry in modern life.

The knowledge obtained over 4 years of studies at the Institute will help me continue education in the field of graphic design, provide a formidable basis for a further study of interactive media and moving image, help obtain working experience at advertising agencies of London and Moscow, and, finally facilitate the implementation of my old dream to open a design studio of my own.

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PROJECT ONE TIME IS OF THE ESSENCE 7

ABSTRACT

The time is a relative and irreversible thing. It flows very slowly sometimes so that it seems to have completely stopped, and it runs so quickly sometimes that we hardly notice it, and can only look back, and see with surprise that what we have been waiting for and desired so long has ended, and we had not even time to enjoy it.

We always wait for something to happen and to radically change our lives. When we overestimate the ‘ideal future’, we forget that ‘tomorrow never comes’, and the moment we are living now is life itself and, what is even more important, we will never be able to return to this moment.

Stop waiting till you graduate from the school to have a life full of fun at the university! Stop waiting till you will graduate from the university to find a job and to be fully responsible for yourself! Stop waiting until you quit the job you have, and stop waiting till someone suddenly offers you one you dream about! Stop waiting till you stop working and start resting surrounded by grandchildren.

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We are wasting minutes, hours and years while waiting for some phantom dreams to come true, waiting for a ‘result’ that we will never achieve because there are no ‘results’ in life, there is just a process, and this process is life.

Obsessed with a desire to do most within a shortest interval of time, we invent cars and computers which are capable of performing a half of our work. We eat fast food, meet online, order ‘take-away’ suppers, we travel by planes to use any chance of saving at least a minute of time. However, we lose the main thing, quality of a life, as a result of this haste.

THE MOMENT WE ARE LIVING NOW IS LIFE ITSELF AND, WHAT IS EVEN MORE IMPORTANT, WE WILL NEVER BE ABLE TO RETURN TO THIS MOMENT.

Inspiring images from initial research

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MOVING SLOW IS GENERALLY HARDER THAN MOVING FAST Dancing at an up-tempo, the dancer has no time to pay attention to all connecting movements or movement details, and rather hurriedly jumps from one element to another. Dancing at a slow tempo, on the contrary, not only enables the dancer to pay attention to every smallest movement component, but also to notice the importance of connecting movements between elements.

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In life, too, we can do a week’s amount of work in one day and work and produce more when living at a high speed, which will bring higher earnings. But we will be able to see more details of our life, insignificant but pleasant trifles such as weather or good mood of a loved one if we slow down a bit. We will be able to pay more attention to our real wishes, not the needs caused by our professional activities.

Every dancer justly knows that moving slowly is much more difficult than moving fast.

Martha Graham’s contemporary dance

WE WILL BE ABLE TO SEE MORE DETAILS OF OUR LIFE, INSIGNIFICANT BUT PLEASANT TRIFLES, SUCH AS WEATHER OR GOOD MOOD OF A LOVED ONE...

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FINAL OUTCOME

A video installation in three parts. The first 30-second long video captures a person doing a certain movement ending up in the same position it started. The second 60-second video captures the same movement performed in a slower manner.

The first video is played twice, while the second one once.

The third 120-second video captures the same movement performed even slower than on the second one. While the 3rd part is played, the movement shown on the 1st part is repeated 4 times, and the one shown on the second one two times.

3 videos are going to be projected on 3 pieces of semitransparent white fabric placed one above the other. The videos are played non-stop and as soon as the movement ends up in the same position it started the viewer will get a feeling of an endless cyclic process.

Still photograph from the original footage “RCPD Mariemma� school of dance Madrid, Spain

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I INTENDED TO BUILD THE MOST NEUTRAL SETUP SO THAT THE VIEWER WOULDN’T BE DISTRACTED BY ANY OUTSTANDING DETAILS...

A superposition of all the three videos on one screen gives the audience an opportunity to reflect on the effect a difference in tempo produces.

I intended to build the most neutral setup while choosing clothes and filming locations so that the viewer wouldn’t be distracted by any outstanding details of the picture and would follow its dynamics.

Video positioning test. Final Cut Pro “RCPD Mariemma” school of dance Madrid, Spain

Although my intention was to maintain the difference in speed between three videos through performance, I have resorted to post production, and done final manipulative touches to make all the three videos end with exactly the same 5-millisecond freeze-frame, after which the video is played again.

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Testing location and blocking experiment “RCPD Mariemma” school of dance Madrid, Spain

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Testing location and blocking experiment “RCPD Mariemma” school of dance Madrid, Spain

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INSPIRATION

Photographer: Luis Gaspar

Although my peer group was agreed that the choreography of the test video communicated the idea of representing time through body movements, they also mentioned that some details of the shot were distracting. For example, an original video depicts too much of dancer’s personality such as details of her clothes, her face expressions and a hair style. This brought a lot of unnecessary information to the final video, mixing dance moves with the woman’s mood and attitude to the performance.

All those details were attracting too much attention and did not work on the original concept. As a result I had to find the way to minimize the character’s appearance in the video 16

through editing. While working on that challenging task I was inspired by Luis Gaspar, a Spanish photographer who photographs human bodies showing through white or grey fabrics. He pictures not people, but their bodies as geometric objects by using different light schemes with variable luminosity and shooting angles.

I adopted Gaspar’s approach and developed it through digital software in order to make a body of my model look as a constantly changing geometric shape with less expression and character in it.

I believe the final result has a more solid visual concept and this gives a viewer an opportunity to reflect on the idea of the video without being distracted.

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OVERVIEW

This project is aimed to examen the concept of “time” and “experiencing the time” from a reversed point of view. It aimed to to focus the viewer’s attention on tiny details, transitions that we never notice and usually “bypass” them on the way to our final destination or result.

The research is based on the art of body language in dance, body performance, yoga and martial arts, where concentration and inner calmness are considered most important and attention to each single detail is required.

I ADOPTED GASPAR’S APPROACH AND DEVELOPED IT IN ORDER TO MAKE A MODEL’S BODY LOOK AS A CONSTANTLY CHANGING GEOMETRIC SHAPE WITH LESS EXPRESSION AND CHARACTER IN IT.

I don’t rush to force the viewer to see exactly what I see and I don’t claim that everyone should get the message exactly as I understand it.

I want to leave enough freedom for the viewer to leave with his own thoughts on the topic examined, therefore the desired final outcome is nothing but to ‘uncup’ the subject by providing the audience with a material to consider.

Opposite page: screen shot from a final video

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PROJECT TWO UNREAL WORLD 21

ABSTRACT

QR code was invented by Denso-Wave, a Toyota subsidiary, in 1994 to track vehicles during the manufacturing process.

It was designed to enable data reading and decoding at a high speed.

Despite the fact that the original purpose of the QR code was logistical and did not represent media, the technology quickly gained popularity in the world of advertising and publishing, and became advertiser’s favourite tool of attracting potential consumer’s attention.

One of the main advantages of using this trendy technology is that QR codes can provide a quick and effortless access to additional information, which might be very important, but can’t be showcased for some reason. For example, it can be conditions, restrictions, license agreements, links to online sources, images and applications. The QR code is just indispensable for a quick information presentation and distribution in an era of mobile technologies, mobile Internet, and ‘fast life’. It is much easier to direct the phone 22

lens with an appropriate application activated to the code, which will automatically redirect you to the Internet page of an advertised product, shares, sales, special offers, song or video than to long reprint a link into the Internet browser search line on our smartphone while standing in front of the poster where that link is written. This is a considerable time saving and facilitation of search for necessary information, but only provided that the information coded in the code is of real importance, the code is valid, which has to be pretested by the advertising poster developer, and the content linked to it can be accessed from a mobile device.

ONE OF THE MAIN ADVANTAGES OF USING THIS TRENDY TECHNOLOGY IS THAT QR CODES CAN PROVIDE A QUICK AND EFFORTLESS ACCESS TO ADDITIONAL INFORMATION.

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MOST COMMON MISTAKES

Advertising publishers make many mistakes when placing an QR code on their products. Some of them place the code on advertising products to be displayed in places where cellular communication signal is not available such as tube railway or underground passages. Many fail to take into consideration client’s safety, and place the code on the rearguard or rear truck wall. Some act in an irrational way by placing the code on banners high above the floor, and some in a completely

illogical way by placing the QR code on Internet pages instead of giving a direct link to the material.

However, designers who place the QR code not as a supplement, but instead of main information on posters do the most gross a mistake, in my opinion.

This use of codes is nothing else as a tribute to fashion, and it significantly complicates information perception and increases the time required to get access to such information.

MANY ADVERTISING PUBLISHERS FAIL TO TAKE INTO CONSIDERATION CLIENT’S SAFETY. 25

POSITION STATEMENT

The intensity of modern life requires an invention power and a quick understanding from advertisers in their search for methods of quickly and properly bringing information to the viewer and rooting it in his or her subconscious mind for a long time. Viewer’s attention is attracted by an eyecatching design and an attractive visualisation of the entire material using a union of text and image when each element of information, each letter, digit or word is transformed in a design element.

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The QR code must be an accurate and a hardly noticeable supplement providing access to extra information, and never may prevent the perception of main information or violate poster design or composition.

A non-rational or awkward use of QR codes as e.g. placing the key information under the code, not on the print itself, or using the code in the print and ignoring its destructive effect on design and composition violates the visual dialog between viewer and image resulting in a loss of efficiency of this promo material.

Social action supporting harmed during the earthquake in Japan Code leads to: Japanese Red Cross Society website

QR code applied as a design element on the business card Code leads to: personal website

AGENT X social advertising poster Code leads to: AGENT X website

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FINAL OUTCOME

FORMAT The poster is made in a large format to attract more attention, so all design details are noticeable from a far distance, not only from a close one. The large QR code size on the poster, too, enables its scanning from a distance of several meters, which means that one does not need to come close to the poster, it suffices to merely direct the camera to it while passing by.

COLOR Bright and attention-getting colours have been chosen for the poster for the same purpose as its format, i.e. to highlight it against any background and to attract attention.

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CONTENT BEHIND THE QR The scanned code will bring the viewer to the Web screen where the viewer can read the text presenting the project and all accompanying visual materials.

This action matches the other argument of this project that QR code is intended to provide access to a greater volume of additional information that cannot be placed on the poster itself.

CONTENTS Design simplicity and small amount of information on the poster are due to the fact that the poster itself is not intended to deliver any message to the viewer, but is intended to intrigue him and to eventually make him scan the code.

The decision to place nothing except the QR code and a pointer matches the main argument of this project – the QR code must be an imperceptible supplement to the information presented on the poster unless the QR code itself is the main information element as well as a poster design element.

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PROJECT THREE SELF INITIATED “EXHAUSTION”

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ABSTRACT

Some things make us laugh while others make us upset. Some things we can be tolerant to for ages and other make us angry in seconds. When we are happy it seems like we are able to do anything and when we are sad or tired we can’t handle even the simplest physical task.

In this project I intended to explore different cognitive states. I was particularly focused on the familiar feelings of exhaustion and tiredness, I decided to examine and describe them visually through pictures of everyday objects.

The project is entirely based on people’s life experience and hidden inner feelings. I gained my research from different sources, but mainly from personal talks with friends about their emotions and typical behavior in a stressful atmosphere like noisy and crowded places or after a short sleep when working extra-hours. The information I received from my research was carefully analyzed to find particular words highlighting people’s real physiological and physical conditions.

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Although the project started with collecting language expressions representing a notion of ‘exhaustion’, it soon evolved to work with visuals, such as photographs and other images.

I created a list of words to search for the right visual references and to build a full understanding of the subject.

After completing the research process I had a range of mood boards for each type of human mental condition. Those mood boards helped me to come up with my own visual associations for the last stage of the project - preparing the final outcome.

ONE OF THE MAIN ADVANTAGES OF USING THIS TRENDY TECHNOLOGY IS THAT QR CODES CAN PROVIDE A QUICK AND EFFORTLESS ACCESS TO ADDITIONAL INFORMATION. 33

INSPIRATION

“Barbara Kruger. Words and Pictures” Book cover

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Barbara Kruger’s posters

“I MEAN, MAKING ART IS ABOUT OBJECTIFYING YOUR EXPERIENCE OF THE WORLD, TRANSFORMING THE FLOW OF MOMENTS INTO SOMETHING VISUAL, OR TEXTUAL, OR MUSICAL, WHATEVER. ART CREATES A KIND OF COMMENTARY.” BARBARA KRUGER

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FINAL OUTCOME

The two posters were created using a four colour process of screen printing.

The first depicts a smashed metal can representing the feeling of despondence. The second captures a half-squeezed toothpaste tube and it represents living under pressure and emotional emptiness.

I always try to make every detail of the project outcome work with the main idea.

In this case, the technique chosen to print images complements and even makes the concept stronger. It gives the final prints some roughness and a strong feeling of human touch. The screen printing process is also time consuming and involves a lot of physical activity. As a result it is quite tiring and exhausting, which is ironic as this was what I was trying to capture.

Smashed can, final print Four color process of screen printing

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PROJECT FOUR SELF INITIATED “DOLCE FAR NIENTE”

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CONCEPT

The name of the project refers to an old Italian expression “Dolce far niente” which literally means “sweet doing nothing” and can also be translated to modern English as “delicious idleness”.

This project continues the concept which was previously developed in another self-initiated work called “Exhaustion”.

Although both projects explore human emotions and cognitive states, in this case, I was focusing not on negative and self-destroying aspects, but on the idea of “sweet doing nothing” – enjoyable time spent which doesn’t make any obvious harm. Implementing the same research process I used in my “exhaustion” work I came up with a range of images which are supposed to lead people to new thoughts about their attitude to life, which is sometimes nothing but expecting “delicious idleness”.

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“DOLCE FAR NIENTE” IS AN OLD ITALIAN EXPRESSION WHICH LITERALLY MEANS “SWEET DOING NOTHING” AND CAN ALSO BE TRANSLATED TO ENGLISH AS “DELICIOUS IDLENESS”.

DOL FAR NIE

DOLCE FAR NIENTE

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FINAL IDEA

“I ALWAYS GET MY IDEAS FROM PEOPLE. SOMETIMES I DON’T CHANGE THE IDEA. OR SOMETIMES I DON’T USE AN IDEA RIGHT AWAY, BUT I MAY REMEMBER IT.” ANDY WARHOL

The intentions behind this project were to express the concept through both design solution and its application.

I found that “Dolce far niente” is a behaviour pattern that many young people have. My design solution was to communicate the project’s idea through series of bright pop-art patterns made of images representing a “dolce far niente” statement. I created colourful and fun images.

At first glance, they appeared to do nothing but to please viewer’s eye. However, those designs highlight the original concept of blissful free time and reflect my own deep understanding of the topic.

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INSPIRATION

My work was influenced by pop-artists, especially by Andy Warhol. According to Gary Indiana (2010, p.76) ‘Warhol was a protean maker of meaningful images remarkable for their apparent meaninglessness. Their neutrality made the viewer’s reaction the true subject of the work’. Warhol used to paint and print multiplied everyday objects in his prints in order to bring into focus the process of changing of habits in modern society.

“Warhol’s art is larger than life. He paints from a place far back in his mind, away from everyday ways of looking, although his subject matter is always ordinary and available.

He paints real, humble things, so that they seem dreamt, visionary.”(Ultra Vivid, “Andy Warhol, King of Pop Art)

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“WARHOL’S ART IS LARGER THAN LIFE. HE PAINTS FROM A PLACE FAR BACK IN HIS MIND, AWAY FROM EVERYDAY WAYS OF LOOKING, ALTHOUGH HIS SUBJECT MATTER IS ALWAYS ORDINARY AND AVAILABLE. HE PAINTS REAL, HUMBLE THINGS, SO THAT THEY SEEM DREAMT, VISIONARY.”

Andy Warhol “coca cola” artwork Oil on canvas

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OUTCOME

To emphasise the idea of enjoyable but pointless activities and objects I decided to apply the patterns on a range of surfaces, such as wrapping paper, notebook covers, iPhone cases. I chose those objects because, in my opinion, they are good examples of quirky but not important goods, which are quite pleasant for an eye and popular. I believe this approach can help to deliver the concept to its potential audience which includes young people with an easy attitude to life who also overestimate the importance of fashionable goods.

The final outcome consists of a number of posters presenting the visual concept and a range of A5 size postcards showcasing the possible pattern applications.

My research resources for this project are also inspired by Andy Warhol, who once said: “I always get my ideas from people. Sometimes I don’t change the idea. Or sometimes I don’t use an idea right away, but I may remember it.

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“WARHAL WAS A PROTEAN MAKER OF MEANINGFUL IMAGES REMARKABLE FOR THEIR APPARENT MEANINGLESSNESS. THEIR NEUTRALITY MADE THE VIEWER’S REACTION THE TRUE SUBJECT OF THE WORK. WHEN YOU LOOKED AT A WARHOL PAINTING, THE PAINTING BLANKLY STARED BACK.” ANDY WARHOL: AND THE CAN THAT SOLD THE WORLD

Pattern application example: Paper bag

Pattern application example: Sketchbook cover

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BIBLIOGRAPHY 51

BIBLIOGRAPHY: TIME IF OF THE ESSENCE

BOOKS: (1-7)

Carroll S., (2010), From Eternity to Here: The Quest for the Ultimate Theory of Time, Dutton Adult Coopeland R., Cohen M., (1983), What is Dance? Readings in Theory and Criticism, Oxford University Press, New York Davies P., (1955), About Time: Einstein’s Unfinished Revolution, Simon and Schuster, USA Denby E., (1999), Edwin Denby: Dance Writings and Poetry, Yale University Press, London Freedman R., (1998), Martha Graham: A Dancer’s Life, Houghton Mifflin, New York, USA Laws K., (2002), Physics and the Art of Dance: Understanding Movement, Oxford University Press, USA Newell H’Doubler M., (1998), Dance: A Creative Art Experience, University of Wisconsin Press, Wisconsin, USA

ONLINE SOURCES: (1-2)

Angela Wilson, “Reasons to End a Friendship”, 31 January 2009, accessed 10 February http://angelawilson.suite101.com/reasons-to-end-a-friendship-a93334 Darren Poke, “Two kinds of waiting”, 2 May 2011, accessed 12 February 2012 http://betterlifecoaching.wordpress.com/2011/05/02/two-kinds-of-waiting/

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ONLINE SOURCES: (3-8)

Denise Marek, “Put past mistakes behind you”, 12 March 2010, accessed 10 February 2012 http://www.healyourlife.com/author-denise-marek/2010/03/wisdom/personal-growth/put-past-mistakes-behind-you Film Noir Studies, “Film Noir Glossary”, accessed 7 March 2012 http://www.filmnoirstudies.com/glossary/index.asp#B Jordan Matter, “How to prepare for a dance shoot”, 29 March 2011, accessed 4 March 2012 http://blog.jordanmatter.com/2011/03/how-to-prepare-for-dance-shoot.html Ken R Harness, “Don’t regret past mistakes - embrace them”, 27 April 2006, accessed 10 February 2012 http://positiveaffirmations.wordpress.com/2006/04/27/dont-regret-past-mistakes-embrace-them/ Shaman Music, “What does the movement mean?”, accessed 7 March 2012 http://www.shamanmusic.com/whatdoes.htm “He is passively waiting for his dream career to happen”, 27 July 2010, accessed 12 February 2012 http://www.iwillteachyoutoberich.com/blog/finding-your-passion-job/

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VIDEO SOURCES: (1-7)

Amelia La La La Human Steps, the Ameliarogers, 4 August 2010, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cUGewBdAy8c Ballet Way of life - Royal Ballet of Flanders, royalballetflanders, 24 June 2011, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zlpokzqzQsE&feature=related Cupidita - Short Dance Film, MrJimmyjd, 2 May 2010, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cwWvWr96s24&feature=related Dance/Movement test for Experimental Film, richragsdale, 29 August 2008, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eiUNNBhQLHI&feature=related Eike von Stuckenbrok at Chamaleon - Soap Show, matteoblau, 17 October 2009, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-AMmjO7xLwA Epic Dubstep, TheDjMindfield, 11 January 2011, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gA0DQj3GeqM&feature=related Sidi Larbi Chekaoui and Antony Gormley - Sutra, sadlerwells, 23 April 2009, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BRdB0Efc4ys&feature=related

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VIDEO SOURCES: (8-10)

Walking slow edit, Kentaro Yamada, 8 April 2010, accessed 29 March 2012 http://vimeo.com/10775043 Weightless by Erika Janunger, dp2gusho, 15 July 2007, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iiJhRjBEm6o&feature=related Zero Degrees - Akram Khan and Sidi Larbi, axiomfilms, 2 December 2008, accessed 29 March 2012 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=1g5fLgsSQWU

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BIBLIOGRAPHY: UNREAL WORLD

BOOKS: (1-4)

Krum C., (2010), Mobile Marketing. Finding Your Custumers No matter Where They Are, QUE Pearson, USA Martin C., (2011), The Third Screen. Marketing To Your Custumers In The World Gone Mobile, Nicholas Brealey Publishers, London Weir M., (2010), QR Codes and mobile Marketing for the Small Business Owner, Createspace, USA Winter M., (2011), Scan Me. Everybody’s Guide To The Magical World Of QR Codes, Westsong Publishing

ONLINE SOURCES: (1-4)

Amanda Brandon, “9 Awesome Ways to use QR Codes for Your Restaurant”, 11 May 2011, accessed 10 January 2012 http://www.musthavemenusblog.com/2011/05/11/9-awesome-ways-to-use-qr-codes-for-your-restaurant/ Boost Inspiration, “25 Examples of Business Card Designs with QR Code”, 23 February 2012, accessed 27February 2012 http://www.boostinspiration.com/design/qr-code-business-card-designs/ Charlie Osborne, “Bizarre QR Code Use”, 5 January 2012, accessed 25 February 2012 http://www.zdnet.com/photos/bizarre-qr-code-use/6335359?seq=8&tag=siu-container;photo-frame#photo-frame Doug Banks, “Creative Examples of QR Codes”, 20 August 2011, accessed 21 January 2012 http://www.pixeldesignstudio.com/blog/creative-examples-of-qr-codes_412/

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ONLINE SOURCES: (5-11)

Judd Wheeler, “QR Codes in Museums”, 30 August 2011, accessed 10 January 2012 http://www.themobilists.com/2011/08/30/qr-codes-in-museums/ Matthias Galica, “5 Big Mistakes To Avoid in Your QR Code Marketing Campaign”, 2 August 2011, accessed 25 February 2012 http://mashable.com/2011/08/02/qr-code-mistakes/ Mobile Marketing Fail, “FedEx Ships A Failed QR Code”, 20 March 2012, accessed 25 February 2012 http://mobilemarketingfail.com/2012/03/20/fedex-ships-a-failed-qr/ Online Marketing Trends, “Smartphone Users increasingly Using QR Codes”, 3 April 2011, accessed 5 February 2012 http://www.onlinemarketing-trends.com/2011/04/smartphone-users-increasingly-using-qr.html QR Spider, “Why is QR code Important to Businesses?”, 20 September 2011, accessed 5 January 2012 http://qrspider.com/blog/why-is-qr-code-important-to-businesses/ Tom Mountford, “QR Codes in TV Advertising - The Future, or a Fad?”, 20 September 2011, accessed 25 February 2012 http://www.jms-group.com/2011/09/20/qr-codes-in-television-advertising-the-future-or-a-fad/ Vincent Abry, “QR Code: How Does it Work? 8 November 2010, accessed 5 January 2012 http://www.vincentabry.com/en/qr-code-how-does-it-work-reader-scanner-generator-decoder-675

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ONLINE SOURCES: (12-13)

We Love To Print, “Creative Uses for QR Codes”, accessed 21 January 2012 http://us.moo.com/ideas/creative-uses-for-QR-codes.html “What is a QR Code and How Does it Work”, 29 September 2011, accessed 5 January 2012 http://www.youthedesigner.com/2011/09/29/what-is-a-qr-code-and-how-does-it-work/

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BIBLIOGRAPHY: SELF INITIATED. “EXHAUSTION”

BOOKS: (1-7)

Bourne E., (1955), The Anxiety and Phobia Workbook, New Harbinger Publications, Oakland, CA Goleman D., (1997), Emotional Intelligence, Bantam Books, New York Kruger B., (1994), Remote Control: Power, Cultures and the World of Appearances, MIT Press Lambert F., (1970), Graphic Design Britain, Studio Vista Ltd, London LeDoux J., (1998), The Emotional Brain: The Mysterious Underpinnings of Emotional Life, Simon and Schuster, New York Linker K., (1990), Words and Pictures of Barbara Kruger, Harry N. Abrams, New York, USA Strassburger M., (2008), Modern Dog: 20 Years of Poster Art, Chronicle Books

ONLINE SOURCES: (1-2)

American Psychological Association, “Why Sleep is Important and What Happens When You Don’t Get Enough”, accessed 20 December 2011 http://www.apa.org/topics/sleep/why.aspx Human Diseases and Conditions, “Anxiety and Anxiety Disorders”, accessed 15 December 2011 http://www.humanillnesses.com/Behavioral-Health-A-Br/Anxiety-and-Anxiety-Disorders.html

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ONLINE SOURCES: (3-6)

Human Diseases and Conditions, “Emotions”, accessed 15 December 2011 http://www.humanillnesses.com/Behavioral-Health-Br-Fe/Emotions.html Ian Sample, “Night Fever”, 6 January 2004, accessed 20 December 2011 http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2004/jan/06/health.medicineandhealth Kay Wagers, “Effects of Tiredness”, accessed 17 December 2011 http://www.ehow.com/about_5600654_effects-tiredness.html Linda Ray, “How Does Fatigue Affect Health?”, 21 October 2009, accessed 20 December 2011 http://www.livestrong.com/article/28768-fatigue-affect-health/ Melly Bells, “Are You Tired?” Quiz, accessed 17 December 2011 http://www.quibblo.com/quiz/1bi7kja/Are-you-tired?view_quiz=1 Serendip, “The Effects of Sleep Deprivation on Brain and Behavior”, accessed 16 December 2001 http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/exchange/node/1690

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BIBLIOGRAPHY: SELF INITATED. “DOLCE FAR NIENTE”

BOOKS: (1-10)

Anvil Graphic Design Inc, (2005), Pattern Palette Sourcebook. A Complete Guide to Choosing the Perfect Color and Pattern in Arrizabalaga H., (2007), Pattern Palette 2 Sourcebook. A Complete Guide to Choosing the Perfect Color and Pattern in Design, Rockport Publishers, Massachusetts, USA Blease G., (2009), Pattern Palette 3 Sourcebook. A complete Guide to Choosing the Perfect Color and Pattern in Design, Rockport Publishers, Massachusetts, USA Indiana G., (2010), Andy Warhol and the Can that Sold the World, Basic books, New York, USA Jackson L., (2002), 20th Century Pattern Design. Textile and Wallpaper Pioneers, Octopus Publishing Group, London, UK Nakamura S., (2008), Pattern Sourcebook: Around the World. 250 Patterns for Projects and Designs, Rockport Publishers, Massachusetts, USA Osterwold T., (2003), Pop Art, Taschen GmbH, Koln, Germany Shanes E., (2009), Pop Art, Parkstone Press International. New York, USA Warhol A., (2007), POPism: The Warhol Sixties, Penguin Classics, London, UK Warhol A., Michelson A., Buchloh B., (2002), Andy Warhol, Massachussetts Institute of Technology, USA

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ONLINE SOURCES: (1-6)

Ian Pullen, “What is Color Scheme Designer?”, accessed 5 April 2012 http://graphicssoft.about.com/od/onlineimagetools/a/Color-Scheme-Designer.htm Jacci Howard Bear, “Working with Color on the Computer”, accessed 5 April 2012 http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/color/a/colortools.htm Jacci Howard Bear, “Introduction to Color as an Element of Design”, accessed 5 April 2012 http://desktoppub.about.com/cs/designelements/a/colorintro.htm Matt Ward, “How To Design a Hand-Drawn Vector Pattern Using Pencils, Photoshop and Illustrator”, accessed 2 April 2012 http://spyrestudios.com/hand-drawn-vector-pattern-tutorial/ Steven Bradley, “How To Use Color To Enhance Your Designs”, 15 February 2010, accessed 5 April 2012 http://www.vanseodesign.com/web-design/color-meaning/ UltraVivid, “Andy Warhol, King of Pop Art”, 7 November 2007, accessed 15 April 2012 http://coca-cola-art.com/2007/11/07/king-of-pop-art

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