2017 synopsis ankit

Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency & Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case of Hyderabad Guide:Prof. Sandip Patil.

Ankit Kalantri | PA201415

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Abstract: The effect of the work of landscape architects has been thought to be constructive, concentrating on the positive effects of the environment which casts light on ecosystems and biodiversity and much more. There has been almost no emphasis on the potential negative effects of the landscape. The negative effect is correlated to the carbon emissions that is being emitted because of the different material specification and construction techniques being used in the industry. This study aims to establish a critical foundation for design thinking,to enable more informed decisions in regard to materials specified for landscape projects. Such an approach during the initial design phases of a project is likely to avoid the need for later and more expensive mitigation or restoration measures from implementation.

This study is an initial attempt to investigate the impact of materials used in landscape design. It concentrates on energy efficiency and carbon emissions created by materials specified in a project and it details the outcomes of their decisions and set up a framework, which guides professionals to minimize their impact.

A general comprehension of Embodied energy & Carbon emissions for various materials utilized as a part of the landscape were examined and after that, the exploration has been made particular taking a case of Hyderabad, considering four landscape typologies: Residential, Gated Communities, parks and Institutional landscapes were contemplated and the volumetric component of materials has been noted, which along these lines comprehended the Energy segment and Carbon segment of every material. After establishing the Carbon component, the locus of the research moved crosswise over to see how carbon mitigation process can be started. Alternative building materials and carbon offsetting through planting at the site were two measures recognized to adjust the carbon emissions produced amid the specification of materials in a given project.

The study concludes revealing the impact of carbon emissions through the sample projects a framework which emphasizes on alternative building materials and Carbon offsetting through planting. where professionals have informed outcomes of their decisions and permits them to regulate various measures through the mitigation procedure.

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Introduction: Landscape design majorly deals with the design of outdoor spaces and it has been categorized broadly into two categories, softscape and hardscape. The softscape talks about various plants grown with varied scale, form, texture, flowering pattern, growth rate etc.

The second category, Hardscape is the different types of materials used in the design of any outdoor space ranging from raw building materials like sand, brick, cement to finished materials like ceramic tiles or in other words both naturally occurring building materials or manmade materials. Every element comprises of any of these types of materials, either softscape or hardscape. This research is an attempt to investigate the impact of the materials that are being used as building materials in any project. The profession of landscape architecture is usually known as a “Green Profession� but what remains unknown is the impact of material that is used in the same project exceed the amount of energy consumed or carbon released. The need for this study is to understand how material specification plays an important role in mitigating the impact that is being created due to the conventional way of specification.

The need for understanding the carbon footprint of outdoor spaces in few typologies studied under the scope of this thesis is to run a reality check to understand how sensitive is our approach in the context of the carbon emissions that are being released during the construction time of the project. The Global issues of Global warming, Climate change has reached its peak and various research has suggested for serious issues throughout the world.

The intent of this thesis is to understand how can we mitigate the impact of the project in the same project over a period of time, which is a fourth dimension to the scope of the landscape. If each project starts building a sensitive approach and integrates this concept, the difference which we would create is going to enrich the profession.

The focus of this research is to investigate how materials sourced in Hyderabad region could have an influence on the environment and thereby understanding its implications over landscape design. The carbon neutral landscapes are probably not going to be achievable for the majority of landscape architects until they have admittance to a more pallet of materials with low carbon profiles, henceforth this makes a logical starting point for developing a new landscape paradigm that incorporates effective utilization of material sourced as a device for a positive change in landscape design.

Research Question: What can material add to build up a integrated approach which could be utilized as a tool for professionals to better inform their decision-making process with respect to specification of material?

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Aim: The study shall examine the ways in which the choice of materials in landscape projects creates an impact on landscape and it aims to formulate the consequences of their choices and establish a framework, which guides professionals to minimize their impact.

Objectives: • To comprehend the proportion of materials in different landscape projects with respect to scale and context.

• To conduct surveys to identify different materials sourced in the region.

• To build a material catalog comprising of various natural materials that are being used in the region.

• To determine the embodied energy of building materials available in Hyderabad.

• To formulate a palette based on the embodied energy of each material and so as to assess the quantum of hard materials in the landscape.

• To understand the carbon impact of materials and formulate alternative solutions for materials which exhibit high carbon emissions.

• To investigate about carbon sequestration methods which include fixing carbon by plant material.

Scope: • Generally, the traditional materials used in Hyderabad are cement, steel, bricks, aluminum and locally available stone are energy intensive and transported over great distances.

• Extensive utilization of these materials can deplete and unfavorably influence the environment.

• Many landscape architects consider that they are helping to reduce the impacts of environmental change, indicating planting, which assimilates CO2. What is not known is how much that planted segment of an executed landscape design may balance the ecological and carbon effect of the hard materials that are utilized.

• A study into energy and carbon component is vital to decide the intensity of materials and the green house gas emissions related to these materials. Such a review can reveal insight into the genuine effect of materials over landscape design.

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Limitations: • The study is an attempt to understand the implications of material over landscape and will measure the concept of minimizing the carbon footprint through selected material only.

• After the overall initial studies are conducted the larger share of the distribution of materials will be studied in detail and the research shall pertain to that region and those materials only.

• The Study does not intent to place a ‘value’ to each material, since there are numerous factors which guide the process of placing a value which include source, transport and they tend to be highly variable.

• The embodied energy of constituent materials will be evaluated using various data available in literature with special reference to applicability of them in India.

• The Carbon sequestration values have been considered as per the research conducted

by GEER Foundation and is limited to 60 species.

• This research will also consider the new information, non-availability or false assumptions,which has been discovered through the process of research and shall be analyzed to derive better outcome.

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Methodology:

Source : Author

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Analytical Framework:

Source : Author

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Outline : The Research orientated with firstly understanding Materials so as to identify the different materials that are used in landscape and tries to notify the impact of each of them used in various elements, for instance, the various options for flooring in an outdoor environment.

Once materials have been indentified and the impact was understood the research moved across to understand the impact of carbon emissions on the environment, it not only focuses on the overall impact of these materials but also makes an attempt in detailing the impact at various stages including the sourcing, transportation and applicationof the material.

The study was being made more specfic taking an case example of hyderabad and understanding different typologies and the material language being followed in each case example. This data collected for different typologies shall help later to reinforce the argument based on material specificiation in a given landscape project. once the Volume component was identified, There was a need to provide an overview of how embodied energy is considered and calculated on the volume of materials specified in individual projects.

Once the Energy Component was established there was need to provide an overview of how embodied carbon is considered and some practical guidance on how to assess embodied carbon on individual projects. Now that the three components which were required to build the argument have been established, There was a need to understand the interdependency of energy component to that of the carbon component and the measures that designers could consider for mitigating the impacts caused by these components. Through the various studies conducted , There was need to analyze the collected data and measures for the mitigation process were to established.

Two methods were distinguised to mitigate the impacts. The alternative building materials which possess lower carbon profiles than those of the conventional building materials used in the country and to understand the importance of plant material which acts as carbon sinks, trees have the capabilty of sequestring carbon. This chapter through various literature studies to identitfy different species of trees with their carbon sequestration potenital which would help the designers to make informed decisions. The research then analyzes the various outcomes of the research and build an argument, which would help designers to make an informed choice.

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Literature Review: The analytical framework has been framed after going through various information published in books, research papers.

1. Embodied Energy Calculations have been considered as mentioned by Prof. Jagdish who has done extensive research work on embodied energy of building materials in India. In his research paper “Embodied energy of common and alternative building materials and technologies.”

2. Embodied Carbon Calculations have been considered as published by the Univerisity 07 of Bath, UK titled Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE) by Prof. Geoff Hammond & Craig Jones.

3. Carbon Sequestration for various species has been considered as published by GEER Foundation titled, Carbon Stock Assessment of Selected Tree Species in Urban and Sub Urban Areas of Gujarat (Report – II), The above mentioned three sources of Information has played an vital role in building the argument, as they research conducted by these sources was well documented and facts where provided.

Timeline: January: Understanding the Background of the topic, research methods. Identifying different sources of Literature.

February: Literature Study, Define the Case Study area, Defining Typologies, Analytical frame work, chapterisation of the research & Pilot Study.

March:

Redefining Typologies & Analytical Framework, Sample Study for various case examples. Revise corrections as per the Jury Comments.

April:

Compilation of Work, Building the arguments through various findings analyzed through the study. Revise the corrections as suggested by the Jury panel and work on any missing links in the research.

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Rationalizing The Energy Efficiency and Carbon Impact of Materials in Landscape A Case Example of Hyderabad.

Bibliography: 1. B.V. Venkatarama Reddy, K.S. Jagadish. “Embodied energy of common and alternative building materials and technologies.” Energy and Buildings 35 (2003).

2. Hsu, Yue-Rong Hong Chien-Ming Lee Chen-Chung. The carbon footprint and carbon natural of landscape architecture - a case of House-style community patterns in Cheng-gong segments, 3. Longtan, Taoyuan City. Ignacio Zabalza Bribián*, Antonio Valero Capilla, Alfonso Aranda Usón. “Life cycle assessment of building materials: Comparative analysis of energy and environmental impacts and evaluation of the eco-efficiency improvement potential.”Building and Environment 46 (2011).

4. Jayasinghe, C. “ Embodied energy of alternative building materials and their impact on life cycle cost parameters .” (n.d.).

5. Kim, Jong-Jin. Sustainable Architecture Module: Qualities, Use, and Examples of SustainableBuilding Materials. National Pollution Prevention Center for Higher Education, 1998.

6. Krantz, Jan. “Assessing Embodied Energy and Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Infrastructure Projects.”buildings (2015).

7. Rohit Deshmukh, Ashok More. “Low Energy Green Materials by Embodied Energy Analysis.”International Journal of Civil and Structural Engineering Research 02.01 (2014).

8. Waran and A. Patwardhan (2001). Urban carbon burden of Pune City : A case study from India. Masters thesis submitted to Univ. of Pune. (Unpubl.)

9. Chavan, B. L. “Sequestered standing carbon stock in selective tree species grown in University campus at Aurangabad, Maharashtra, India.” International Journal of Engineering Science and Technology 2.7 (n.d.): 3003-3007.

10.ISHAN Y. PANDYA, HARSHAD SALVI , OMPRAKASH CHAHAR AND NILESH VAGHELA.”QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS ON CARBON STORAGE OF 25 VALUABLE TREE SPECIES OFGUJARAT, INCREDIBLE INDIA.” International Journal of Research in Environmental Science (IJRES) 11. Kulvinder Kour, Sanjay Sharma. “ Carbon Sequestration Potential of Tree Species in the Premises of Various Educational Institutes, Vijaypur (J&K), India .” International Journal of Research in Environmental Science (IJRES) 2.4 (2016): 40-44.

12.Prachi Ugle, Sankara Rao and T.V. Ramachandra. “CARBON SEQUESTRATION POTENTIAL OF URBAN TREES.” Lake 2010: Wetlands, Biodiversity and Climate Change. Banglore, 2010.

13. Pandey,C.N.R Pandey and R. Bobda, 2013, Carbon Stock Assessment of Selected Tree Species in Urban and Sub Urban Areas of Gujarat (Report – II), 208, Pub. Gujarat Forest Department & GEER Foundation, Gandhinagar, Gujarat (India)

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