SEISMIC RISK PROBLEM AND ITS VARIATION WITHIN THE ABURRA’S VALLEY
Source: Atlas Área metropolitana del Valle Aburrá
SEISMIC RISK PROBLEM AND ITS VARIATION WITHIN THE ABURRA’S VALLEY Laura Sánchez Giraldo Intensive English III Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín 2017
AGENDA •
Objectives
•
Introduction
•
Nacional, regional and local scenario
•
History
•
Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk
•
Conclusion: Is it something that we can do?
Source: Reglamento Colombiano de Construcción Sismo Resistente NSR.10
OBJECTIVES •• Get closer to Evaluate and compare
information the available about information in a in a earthquakes critical way. local scale.
•
Expand the knowledge about the local geology.
•
Propuse a possible solution to the Earthquake ’s Risk.
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
INTRODUCTION
What is a fault? Is a break in the continuity of a body of rock or of a vein, with dislocation along the plane of the fracture (fault plane)
What is an earthquake? Is a series of vibrations induced in the earth's crust by the abrupt rupture and rebound of rocks in which elastic strain has been slowly accumulating.
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
SEISMIC WAVES
MAGNITUDE: RICHTER SCALE
INTENSITY: MERCALLI SCALE
FOR INSTANCE… Haiti Earthquake (January 2010)
Chile Earthquake (2010)
Magnitude 7.0 Mw Depth: 10 km Deaths: 316000 Economic losses: US$ 8 billions
Magnitude 8.8 Mw Depth: 30 km Deaths:525 Economic losses: US$ 30 billions
NATIONAL SCENARIO
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
REGIONAL SCENARIO
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
LOCAL SCENARIO
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
Historia sismica del municipio Medellín, Antioquia No.
Fecha del sismo
Hora local Latitud
Longitud
Autor epicentro
Area epicentral
1
1875/05/1 8
11:15
7.86
-72.42
SGC-UN
2
1884/11/0 5 1906/01/3 1
23:45
5
-75.15
SGC-UN
10:36
0.99
-79.37
ISC-GEM
1911/04/1 0 1917/08/3 1
13:42
6.96
-75.41
SGC-UN
06:36
3.78
-74
SGC-UN
6
1925/06/0 7
18:41
4.02
-76.07
7
1935/09/1 7
23:58
5.09
-76.08
8
1938/02/0 4
21:23
4.68
-75.69
9
1952/02/1 4 1957/04/2 1
16:03
7.43
-76.39
16:12
6.93
-72.06
11
1957/05/2 3
21:37
3.7
-76.75
12
1961/06/1 6
05:33
8.82
-73.41
Engdahl, Tuluá, E., Valle Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM Pueblo Rico, Risaralda Internation Eje al Cafetero, Seismologi Colombia cal Centre Sykes, Mutatá, Lynn Antioquia Engdahl, Málaga, E., Santander Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM Suroccide nte Valle Del Cauca, Valle Engdahl, Ocaña, E.R Norte De Santander
13
1961/12/2 0
08:25
4.49
-75.5
14
1962/02/1 8
12:25
6.9
15
1962/07/3 0
15:18
16
1967/02/0 9
10:24
3
4 5
10
Tipo magnitud
Autor magnitud SGC-UN
Profundida Autor Int. Sitio d (km) profundida (EMS-98) d 15 SGC-UN 4
Intensidad Int. Sitio Maxima (MM) EMS-98 10 4
Intensidad Maxima MM 10
Cúcuta, 6.8 Norte De Santander
MW
Herveo, Tolima Costa Pacífica, Pacífico
6.5
Mm
SGC-UN
120
SGC-UN
5
8
5
9
8.4
MW
ISC-GEM
20
ISC-GEM
3
10
3
10
Yarumal, 7.2 Antioquia Villavicenci 6.7 o, Meta
MS
SGC-UN
120
SGC-UN
4
7
4
7
MW
SGC-UN
15
SGC-UN
4
9
4
9
6.8
MS
4
8
MW
Engdahl, 4 E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM 5
7/8
6.1
Engdahl, 120 E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM 80
8
5
8
7
MS
150
8
8
9
MS
5
7
5
7
6.6
MS
4
7
4
7
6.1
MW
Internation al Seismologi cal Centre Sykes, Lynn Engdahl, E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM
7
6.8
Internation al Seismologi cal Centre Sykes, Lynn Engdahl, E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM
5
7
5
8
6.5
MS
Engdahl, E.R
114
Engdahl, E.R
5
7
5
7
Internation Eje al Cafetero, Seismologi Colombia cal Centre
6.8
MS
Internation 163 al Seismologi cal Centre
Internation 6 al Seismologi cal Centre
8
7
9
-75
Instituto Maceo, Geofísico Antioquia de los Andes Colombian os
5.4
MW
Instituto 77.2 Geofísico de los Andes Colombian os
Instituto 5 Geofísico de los Andes Colombian os
7
6
7
5.17
-76.35
ISC-GEM
6.5
MW
ISC-GEM
ISC-GEM
8
7
9
2.93
-74.83
Internation Colombia, 7 al Huila Seismologi cal Centre
MW
Internation 36 al Seismologi cal Centre
10
4
10
Eje Cafetero, Colombia
Magnitud
18 120
52.3
64
6
Internation 4 al Seismologi cal Centre
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
Source: Microzonificación Sísmica Detallada del Área Metropolitana
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
SAN JERÓNIMO FAULT 6.9 Mw
Source: Microzonificación Sísmica Detallada del Área Metropolitana
HAZARD EVALUATION •
Time, space and size distribution of regional seismic.
•
Attenuation seismic waves when the distance grows up
•
Geological local and superficial influence of the seismic waves Where? When? Magnitude?
Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/
Source: https://www.arcgis.com
GLOBAL VULNERABILITY MAP
Source: Atlas Ă rea metropolitana del Valle AburrĂĄ
RISK EVALUATION Where? When? Magnitude? How much? Risk = f (Hazard,Vulnerability)
Damage to structures in all municipalities for return periods of 10 and 500 years Municipality
10 years
500 years
Barbosa
0,40%
11%
Bello
0,40%
11%
< 0,01%
8,5%
Copacabana
0,35%
7,0%
Envigado
0,80%
13%
Itagüí
0,50%
15%
Girardota
0,30%
6,5%
La Estrella
0,85%
27%
Medellín
1,80%
18%
Sabaneta
0,35%
17%
Caldas
Source: Atlas Área metropolitana del Valle Aburrá
Source: Atlas Área metropolitana del Valle Aburrá
Maximum Probable Loss due to earthquake expressed in percentage for structures in all municipalities of the metropolitan area Source: Microzonificación Sísmica Detallada del Área Metropolitana
ARMENIAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S EARTHQUAKE 25/01/1999
Source: https://www.elespectador.com
Source: https:// www.elespectador.com
CONCLUSION
Structural Protection
Education Increased Insurance and Relief Measures
Location of Critical Facilities