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SEISMIC RISK PROBLEM AND ITS VARIATION WITHIN THE ABURRA’S VALLEY

Source: Atlas Área metropolitana del Valle Aburrá

SEISMIC RISK PROBLEM AND ITS VARIATION WITHIN THE ABURRA’S VALLEY Laura Sánchez Giraldo Intensive English III Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín 2017

AGENDA •

Objectives

•

Introduction

•

Nacional, regional and local scenario

•

History

•

Hazard, Vulnerability and Risk

•

Conclusion: Is it something that we can do?

Source: Reglamento Colombiano de Construcción Sismo Resistente NSR.10

OBJECTIVES •• Get closer to Evaluate and compare

information the available about information in a in a earthquakes critical way. local scale.

•

Expand the knowledge about the local geology.

•

Propuse a possible solution to the Earthquake ’s Risk.

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

INTRODUCTION

What is a fault?

Is a break in the continuity of a body of rock or of a vein, with dislocation along the plane of the fracture (fault plane)

What is an earthquake?

Is a series of vibrations induced in the earth's crust by the abrupt rupture and rebound of rocks in which elastic strain has been slowly accumulating.

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

SEISMIC WAVES

MAGNITUDE: RICHTER SCALE

INTENSITY: MERCALLI SCALE

FOR INSTANCE… Haiti Earthquake (January 2010)

Chile Earthquake (2010)

Magnitude 7.0 Mw Depth: 10 km Deaths: 316000 Economic losses: US$ 8 billions

Magnitude 8.8 Mw Depth: 30 km Deaths:525 Economic losses: US$ 30 billions

NATIONAL SCENARIO

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

REGIONAL SCENARIO

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

LOCAL SCENARIO

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

Historia sismica del municipio Medellín, Antioquia No.

Fecha del sismo

Hora local Latitud

Longitud

Autor epicentro

Area epicentral

1

1875/05/1 8

11:15

7.86

-72.42

SGC-UN

2

1884/11/0 5 1906/01/3 1

23:45

5

-75.15

SGC-UN

10:36

0.99

-79.37

ISC-GEM

1911/04/1 0 1917/08/3 1

13:42

6.96

-75.41

SGC-UN

06:36

3.78

-74

SGC-UN

6

1925/06/0 7

18:41

4.02

-76.07

7

1935/09/1 7

23:58

5.09

-76.08

8

1938/02/0 4

21:23

4.68

-75.69

9

1952/02/1 4 1957/04/2 1

16:03

7.43

-76.39

16:12

6.93

-72.06

11

1957/05/2 3

21:37

3.7

-76.75

12

1961/06/1 6

05:33

8.82

-73.41

Engdahl, Tuluá, E., Valle Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM Pueblo Rico, Risaralda Internation Eje al Cafetero, Seismologi Colombia cal Centre Sykes, Mutatá, Lynn Antioquia Engdahl, Málaga, E., Santander Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM Suroccide nte Valle Del Cauca, Valle Engdahl, Ocaña, E.R Norte De Santander

13

1961/12/2 0

08:25

4.49

-75.5

14

1962/02/1 8

12:25

6.9

15

1962/07/3 0

15:18

16

1967/02/0 9

10:24

3

4 5

10

Tipo magnitud

Autor magnitud SGC-UN

Profundida Autor Int. Sitio d (km) profundida (EMS-98) d 15 SGC-UN 4

Intensidad Int. Sitio Maxima (MM) EMS-98 10 4

Intensidad Maxima MM 10

Cúcuta, 6.8 Norte De Santander

MW

Herveo, Tolima Costa Pacífica, Pacífico

6.5

Mm

SGC-UN

120

SGC-UN

5

8

5

9

8.4

MW

ISC-GEM

20

ISC-GEM

3

10

3

10

Yarumal, 7.2 Antioquia Villavicenci 6.7 o, Meta

MS

SGC-UN

120

SGC-UN

4

7

4

7

MW

SGC-UN

15

SGC-UN

4

9

4

9

6.8

MS

4

8

MW

Engdahl, 4 E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM 5

7/8

6.1

Engdahl, 120 E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM 80

8

5

8

7

MS

150

8

8

9

MS

5

7

5

7

6.6

MS

4

7

4

7

6.1

MW

Internation al Seismologi cal Centre Sykes, Lynn Engdahl, E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM

7

6.8

Internation al Seismologi cal Centre Sykes, Lynn Engdahl, E., Villaseñor, A ISC-GEM

5

7

5

8

6.5

MS

Engdahl, E.R

114

Engdahl, E.R

5

7

5

7

Internation Eje al Cafetero, Seismologi Colombia cal Centre

6.8

MS

Internation 163 al Seismologi cal Centre

Internation 6 al Seismologi cal Centre

8

7

9

-75

Instituto Maceo, Geofísico Antioquia de los Andes Colombian os

5.4

MW

Instituto 77.2 Geofísico de los Andes Colombian os

Instituto 5 Geofísico de los Andes Colombian os

7

6

7

5.17

-76.35

ISC-GEM

6.5

MW

ISC-GEM

ISC-GEM

8

7

9

2.93

-74.83

Internation Colombia, 7 al Huila Seismologi cal Centre

MW

Internation 36 al Seismologi cal Centre

10

4

10

Eje Cafetero, Colombia

Magnitud

18 120

52.3

64

6

Internation 4 al Seismologi cal Centre

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

Source: Microzonificación Sísmica Detallada del Área Metropolitana

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

SAN JERÓNIMO FAULT 6.9 Mw

Source: Microzonificación Sísmica Detallada del Área Metropolitana

HAZARD EVALUATION •

Time, space and size distribution of regional seismic.

•

Attenuation seismic waves when the distance grows up

•

Geological local and superficial influence of the seismic waves Where? When? Magnitude?

Source: http://srvags.sgc.gov.co/

Source: https://www.arcgis.com

GLOBAL VULNERABILITY MAP

Source: Atlas Ă rea metropolitana del Valle AburrĂĄ

RISK EVALUATION Where? When? Magnitude? How much?

Risk = f (Hazard,Vulnerability)

Damage to structures in all municipalities for return periods of 10 and 500 years Municipality

10 years

500 years

Barbosa

0,40%

11%

Bello

0,40%

11%

< 0,01%

8,5%

Copacabana

0,35%

7,0%

Envigado

0,80%

13%

Itagüí

0,50%

15%

Girardota

0,30%

6,5%

La Estrella

0,85%

27%

Medellín

1,80%

18%

Sabaneta

0,35%

17%

Caldas

Source: Atlas Área metropolitana del Valle Aburrá

Source: Atlas Área metropolitana del Valle Aburrá

Maximum Probable Loss due to earthquake expressed in percentage for structures in all municipalities of the metropolitan area Source: Microzonificación Sísmica Detallada del Área Metropolitana

ARMENIAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S EARTHQUAKE 25/01/1999

Source: https://www.elespectador.com

Source: https:// www.elespectador.com

CONCLUSION

Structural Protection

Education Increased Insurance and Relief Measures

Location of Critical Facilities