AT2.1 Salvation Army Case Study by Lauren Pietro

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study. Group A2 Benjamin Courtney, Launa Cowen, Jonathan Evans, Jack Green & Lauren Di Pietro

projectdescription

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

 The Salvation Army are a Christian charitable organisation committed to the relief of the poor community, regardless of age, race, religion or otherwise, whilst spreading the good news and gospel of Jesus Christ.  Emerging in the 1870’s, they have continued to expand and grow with over 1.6 million members and bases in approximately 118 countries, receiving, in total, an annual aid budget of nearly $2 billion.

 The Salvation Army moved to Chelmsford in 1886, but they have only occupied their current site on Baddow Road since 1974.  The previous single – story building (featured in the photograph at the bottom right) was not suited to the needs of the Salvation Army.  There was poor and wasted circulation space, poor storage area and an inefficient energy usage and ecological impact. It was decided after numerous proposals that the existing building would be demolished and a new one proposed in it’s place as it was beyond economic refurbishment.

 The space must accommodate for the functions and work of the Salvation Army; catering; assembly halls for meeting, worship and sports; kid’s creative areas; and instrument storage rooms for the choir.  The previous building also contained insufficient floor space at only 700 squaremetres, whereas the new development has been increased to 930 square-metres.

 There are two sides to the Salvation Army mission; Worship and Community outreach. It is therefore very important for their base to have multipurpose flexible floor spaces that can incorporate both ideas.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

PROJECT DESCRIPTION

Location: Chelmsford, Essex, UK Architects: Hudson architects Engineers: EP engineers, T e c h n i k e r- Timber engineers and Curtins Engineers Footprint: 930m2 Client: Salvation Army Project worth: £2 million Phase: completed 2009, 4 week construction time.

 Although in an unpromising urban context, surrounded by traffic with the southern elevation actually facing the Parkway dual carriageway (the main transport road into Chelmsford), the innovative design of this build has already been marked as ‘building of the decade’ receiving the RIBA 2011 East award.

 The Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford, Essex was built on a brown field site, over the exact footprint of the existing building. Fig1.l LHS Meso site plan, Fig2. RHS top Macro site plan, Fig3. RHS bottom Micro site plan.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Numerous approaches were proposed for the new scheme. The brief simply highlighted three main aspects for the building. 1. The need for a modern flexible space building; 2. To increase floor space by 30%; 3. On a tight budget.

Scheme 1 proposed in1990

Proposed 1990’s scheme.

 Permission to extend the existing building.  An application was made for an extension, however this would subsequently not meet the future user requirements that were necessary.  This scheme was then abandoned. Scheme 2 proposed in 2005  A mixed use scheme was devised.  This would allow ground floor and first floor spaces for use by the Salvation Army, however there would also be five stories above for residential building.  However financial equations did not add up ad it would have also meant that the activities of the Salvation Army would have been compromised, such as the worship aspect.  This scheme was also abandoned.

Proposed scheme with residential apartments ( pictured above and below).

Scheme 3 proposed in 2006  The Salvation Army then looked into the idea of selling the existing site in the town centre, and moving to a cheaper site on the outskirts in order to rebuild.  Although this scheme seemed financially beneficial, the Salvation Army is a general public building, and thus must be easily accessible to people.  This scheme was also abandoned.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

PROJECT DESCRIPTION Scheme 4 proposed in 2008  This is the final scheme, proposed by Hudson Architects and Curtains Consulting Engineers, that has now been built and was completed in 2009.  The previous building was decided to be demolished and a completely new design rebuilt in it’s place as this was the most economically viable option as a new building improves the quality and spaces as well as allowing for the services to be expanded.  The building is zinc-cladded with site fixed sheets of RHEINZINK (a trademark name for a zinc, copper and titanium alloy), to give a ‘natural’ unpainted finish, making a striking contrast with the surrounding brick buildings. The east and west elevations however, are cladded in brightly coloured rock-panel boards, covered with CNC routered engravings of St John’s gospel passages.  Structurally, the building is made from cross laminated timber for the walls and roofing with some panels left exposed internally. The signature butterfly roof is s series of ridges and valleys created by propping the panels against each other.  The 13m tall by 3m wide beacon tower is the focus point of the building. Cladded in a plane of film coated glass the cut our cross at the rear projects over the parkway as light illuminates it and casts magnificent a shadow. This facade appears to change colour with viewpoints and lighting.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

structuralsystem

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM ď&#x192;&#x2DC;Slab Foundations

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Slab Foundations Pre-fabricated cross laminated timber panels (Primary Structure)

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Slab Foundations Pre-fabricated cross laminated timber panels (Primary Structure) Pre-fabricated cross laminated timber panels (Secondary Structure)

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Slab Foundations Pre-fabricated cross laminated timber panels (Primary Structure) Pre-fabricated cross laminated timber panels (Secondary Structure) Floor slab Glazing 13m x 3m cross laminated timber tower – coated in a special light reflective film coated glass

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

ď&#x192;&#x2DC;Ground Floor Plan showing primary structure

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

ď&#x192;&#x2DC;Ground Floor Plan showing secondary structure

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

ď&#x192;&#x2DC;First Floor Plan showing primary structure

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

ď&#x192;&#x2DC;First Floor Plan showing secondary structure

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Dead Loads  Carry the weight of the building to the ground through the foundations. This is important for the building to be structurally sound and carry the load of the materials from which it’s made. “For every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction.”  Forces push upwards to react against the forces of the loads creating structural equilibrium. This is important for forces to be able to hold the building load, before live loads are put on.

Fig1. Section showing dead loads

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Live Loads  Evenly distribute loads from people, furniture etc. Must be able to resist the load of people or objects in motion as well. “For every reaction there is an equal and opposite reaction.”  Forces push upwards to react against the forces of the loads creating structural equilibrium.

Fig1. Section showing live loads

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Foundations      

200mm Slab foundation Substructure Masonry Block work Subsurface void DPC Layer and Vapour Barrier 75mm Insulation layer 75mm Floor Screed (with under floor heating elements)

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Primary Structure The Primary Structure is the main skeleton that keeps the building together   

140mm Cross Laminated Timber (Pre Fabricated) Angled Fixing Plate for connection to Floor Slab Acoustic Sway Brace allows for fractional movement by dynamic loading

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Secondary Structure The Secondary Structure is the minor structure separating internal spaces (i.e. stud walls)    

108mm +/- Cross laminated timber paneling (pre fabricated) Acoustic barriers internal External walls fitted with DPC and vapor barrier Curtain Wall system in the First hall for multi-purpose use

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Connecting Elements The lift and stair connect the First and Ground floors directly accessible from entry foyer  

Stair riser 150mm Stair tread plate 220mm

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

First Floor Plate The first floor plate has to be fairly lightweight, though the Cross Lamination system is a very solid construction system.   

Timber Cross Lamination Pre Fabricated Paneling Under floor Heating elements 75mm Floor Screed

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Secondary Structure The Secondary Structure is the minor structure separating internal spaces (i.e. stud walls)    

108mm +/- Cross laminated timber paneling (pre fabricated) Acoustic barriers internal External walls fitted with DPC and vapor barrier Curtain Wall system in the First hall for multi-purpose use

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Light reflective tower The single unit cross laminated piece is an accessory of the building.   

Special film coated glass Light reflective, appears to be different colors from different angles Large cross cut into the rear of the tower, casts a shadow across the parkway

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM

Roof Structure The undulating butterfly roof is one of the most fascinating parts of the building      

Sarnafil Single Ply Waterproofing system 108mm Cross Laminated Timber Paneling (Pre Fabricated) 170mm Rigid Insulation Boarding (Flat-roof) 100mm Rockwool Insulation & Net system 10mm Cement Bonded Particle board Vapor Barriers

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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materiality

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Foundations

The foundations are slab foundations The building was built entirely on the footprint of the previous building, and was built on the same foundations The foundations needed to be raised slightly to prevent flooding from the rivers nearby as the building sits in a Flood Zone 2. The concrete floor slab must be pre-prepared for the cross laminated timber construction Positions of the structural walls and partitions are set out and then damp proof membrane strips are laid along the line of the walls Base plates are fixed to the slab for support Fig1. Section diagram of slab foundations

Fig2. Slab foundation image

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Cross Laminated timber

Fig1. Tigheners

Fig2. Assembly of prefabricated cross laminated timber panel Fig3. Base plate for timber wall

Fig3. Cross laminated timber panel

Fig4. Construction of the Salvation Army citadel corps

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Cross Laminated timber

Produced by KLH manufacturers of Austria. All the benefits and strength of reinforced concrete, but without the environmental damage Reduced construction time – panels erected in 24 days and full construction time of 4 weeks Waste minimisation Produced from mechanically dried spruce board Stacked together at right angels and glued to provide maximum strength Gluing at high temperatures reduces timber expansion and shrinkage Cross Laminated timber can be used horizontally for floor slabs or vertically for walls, in the Salvation Army building it is used for both. The panels are pre-fabricated with service holes factory drilled to save time and labour on site Doorways are also partially cut before being delivered to site Improved air tightness by the use of aluminium tighteners The cross laminated timber panels are attached together using simple wood screws  Boards are usually between 3 and 7 panels thick.  Length: 16.5m Width: 2.95m.  The maximum thickness of the boards is 500mm. Fig3. Timber panels exposed internally  CNC cut to standard sizes. The cross laminated timber is mainly left exposed on the interior, and treated in intumescent varnish to ensure it is fire proof. The foyer space and offices are lined with MDF. Built in furniture adds to the language of the building The walls and roof that are left exposed are treated as one sculptural form

Fig1. Woodscrews to assemble timber panels

Fig2. On site construction of cross laminated timber construction Fig4. Construction of the Salvation Army citadel corps

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Flooring

The ground floor is constructed of the concrete foundation slab and floor screed There is a vinyl floor finish covering the ground floor The sports hall is also covered by this vinyl to provide a soft play area for the children as well This is in contrast to the use of carpets on the first floor There is also a permeable soft play area covering the outdoor courtyard, stopping the children hurting themselves.

Fig1. Vinyl flooring in the foyer area

Fig2. Vinyl floor in sports hall

Fig3. Permeable floor in external courtyard

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Zinc Cladding

The exterior of the building is zinc cladded. Untreated site fixed sheets of zinc are used as a natural unpainted material RHEINZINK tiles are used This is a trademark name for an alloy of zinc, titanium and copper Durable, Longevity, Low maintenance and Elegant aesthetics Dramatic language between the zinc cladding and the surrounding brick buildings Fig1. The zinc cladding on the Salvation Army building

Fig2. The zinc cladding on the Salvation Army building

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM East and West Elevations

Brightly coloured walls of rockpanel cement board. East facade is red cement board with CNC routered engravings of St. Johns gospel and a tree, based on the concept of the growing tree of life

Fig1. East elevation

Fig2. East elevation

Fig3. East elevation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Light Reflective Tower

The tall beacon tower is main feature of building CNC routered cut out cross at rear of the tower One single unit of cross laminated timber 13m x 3m Named the new ‘contemporary steeple’ of the church The tower is clad in a plane of special film coated glass Appears to change colour with viewpoint and lighting Light illuminates Casts shadow of the cross on the road beneath

Fig1,2,3,4,&5. Light reflective tower images

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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STRUCTURAL SYSTEM Butterfly Roof

The roof id a series of alternating ridges and valleys Created by propping the panels against each other and fixing with wood screws Signature butterfly roof Lights worship hall beneath by the use of 4.2m wide dormer windows

Fig1. Interior of butterfly roof

Fig2&3. Details of butterfly roof

Fig4. Loads on the butterfly roof

Fig5. Image of the butterfly roof

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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foundationdetail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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Fig1. South elevation showing location of foundation detail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Foundation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Foundation  Masonry Structure 140mm

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Foundation  Masonry Structure 140mm  Engineering brickwork

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm Concrete Fill

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm Concrete Fill Damp Course

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm Concrete Fill Damp Course Wall Plate

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm Concrete Fill Damp Course Wall Plate Vertical Timber Studs

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm Concrete Fill Damp Course Wall Plate Vertical Timber Studs Cavity Closer

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm Concrete Fill Damp Course Wall Plate Vertical Timber Studs Cavity Closer Vapour Control Layer

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Foundation Masonry Structure 140mm Engineering brickwork Telescopic vent Concrete Slab 200mm Concrete Fill Damp Course Wall Plate Vertical Timber Studs Cavity Closer Vapour Control Layer Cross Laminated Timber panel 140mm Acoustic sway bridge & Fixing plate Insulation 75mm Under floor heating elements

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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nonacousticroofdetail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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Fig1. South elevation showing location of non acoustic roof detail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Cross Laminated Timber panel

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Cross Laminated Timber panel  170mm Insulation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Cross Laminated Timber panel  170mm Insulation  100mm insulation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel 170mm Insulation 100mm insulation Galvanised Support angle

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel 170mm Insulation 100mm insulation Galvanised Support angle Insect mesh

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel 170mm Insulation 100mm insulation Galvanised Support angle Insect mesh 22mm Plywood

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel 170mm Insulation 100mm insulation Galvanised Support angle Insect mesh 22mm Plywood 900x600 Rheinzink Tile

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel 170mm Insulation 100mm insulation Galvanised Support angle Insect mesh 22mm Plywood 900x600 Rheinzink Tile Pre-formed zinc coping joint and UDS profile soakers

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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acousticroofdetail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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Fig1. South elevation showing location of acoustic roof detail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Cross Laminated Timber panel

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Cross Laminated Timber panel  Vapour Barrier

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Cross Laminated Timber panel  Vapour Barrier  Neoprene rubber pads

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel Vapour Barrier Neoprene rubber pads Timber Trusses

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel Vapour Barrier Neoprene rubber pads Timber Trusses Plastic netting to hold insulation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel Vapour Barrier Neoprene rubber pads Timber Trusses Plastic netting to hold insulation 100mm Insulation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel Vapour Barrier Neoprene rubber pads Timber Trusses Plastic netting to hold insulation 100mm Insulation Cement bonded particle board

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Cross Laminated Timber panel Vapour Barrier Neoprene rubber pads Timber Trusses Plastic netting to hold insulation 100mm Insulation Cement bonded particle board Sarnafil single ply roof membrane

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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windowdetail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

Fig1. South elevation showing location of window detail

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Engineering Brickwork

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Engineering Brickwork  Concrete fill

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

 Engineering Brickwork  Concrete fill  Masonry Structure

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

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DETAILED DESIGN

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Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

      

Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation Under floor heating elements

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

       

Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation Under floor heating elements Floor Plate

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

        

Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation Under floor heating elements Floor Plate MDF lining

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

         

Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation Under floor heating elements Floor Plate MDF lining Lower Rubber Stopper

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

          

Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation Under floor heating elements Floor Plate MDF lining Lower Rubber Stopper Double Glazing

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

           

Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation Under floor heating elements Floor Plate MDF lining Lower Rubber Stopper Double Glazing Top rubber stopper

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

            

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

             

Engineering Brickwork Concrete fill Masonry Structure Fixing Plate Floor screed Insulation Under floor heating elements Floor Plate MDF lining Lower Rubber Stopper Double Glazing Top rubber stopper MDF Lining Cross Laminated Timber

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

              

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

               

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

                

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

DETAILED DESIGN

                 

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

firesafety

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

Ground Floor Plan showing compartmental walls

First Floor Plan showing compartmental walls

Ground Floor Plan showing compartmental zones

Ground Floor Plan showing internal fire doors

First Floor Plan showing compartmental zones

Ground Floor Plan showing external fire doors

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

7.3m

20.7m

Cafe max travel distance – 20.7m in more than one direction Room max travel distance – 7.3m in one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

7.7m

12.5m

Hall 1 max travel distance – 7.7m in one direction Hall 2 max travel distance – 12.5m in one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

8.4m

Kitchen max travel distance – 8.4m in one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

FIRE SAFETY  The whole building is constructed from cross laminated timber coated in intumescent varnish, which is fire proof. The compartmental walls surround zones in which a fire can be contained safely.  A compartmental zone is an area in which the construction of the building is fire proofed to create safe evacuation facilities if needed. Internal fire doors are constructed so that they can contain a fire within compartmental zones. In a room tier or story where the max occupancy is less than 60 only one external fire exit needed; less than 600 two external fire exits needed; over 600 3 exits needed.  In an average room of a non-dwelling building, the max travel distance as a means of escape is 9m in one direction, and 18m in more than one direction.  In recreational rooms the max travel distance must not exceed 18m in one direction and 45m in more than one direction. In places of high risk fire hazard, the max travel distance cannot exceed 9m in one direction, and 18m in more than one direction.  The max travel distance from WC services in one direction is 18m, and in more than one direction is 35m.

22.7m

WC max travel distance – 22.7m in more than one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

25m

Worship Hall max travel distance – 25m in one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

32.8m

Plant room max travel distance – 32.8m in more than one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

22.2m

Store room max travel distance – 22.2m in more than one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

12.5m

Office room max travel distance – 12.5m in more than one direction

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

siteanalysis

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

Fig1. Salvation Army building in context

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

8am summer

 

4pm Summer

The large dormer windows make use of the sunlight bringing natural light into the building. Ventilation strategies are employed to stop the building over heating in summer, especially with the cross laminated timber construction.

8am winter

 

12pm summer

12pm winter

4pm winter

Solar gain is maximised in winter by the use of the dormer windows, and the building material. Artificial heating also helps during winter.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT Wind Analysis The wind generally blows from a South Westerly Direction The typical wind speed is 12mph The courtyard has high walls to create a protected area for the children to play The tall tower was built slim and strong so that it is not affected by prevailing winds, as strong winds could cause it to snap or break.

Fig1. Site plan showing wind flow over the building

Fig2. East elevation showing wind flow over the building

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT Flood Assessment  Approximately 70 meters from the river Can and 150 meters from the river Chelmer  The building is classed as medium risk of flooding FLOOD ZONE 2  Ground floor levels need to be raised on site, however as the building covers the original footprint of the previous building, this was already taken into account.  The site contains a storm water drainage system which works to the same capacity as the previous buildings  Situated well within the rivers flood planes

Fig1. Site plan showing flood zone for the building

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

Flood Plane

Fig1. Site plan showing flood zone for the building

However  The building was designed to not generate a increase in surface water run-off in comparison to the previous structure  The ground levels are also designed to be at the same ground height as the previous building  A evacuation plan was drawn up to be put into action should flooding occur.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT Architectural acoustics Due to the site of the Salvation army building, on the Parkway dual carriageway - the main access into Chelmsford, the building had to be considered for it’s acoustic properties. Architectural acoustics is the science of noise control within buildings. This can be controlled by either reflection or absorption of the noise. The building has multiple acoustic protection issues as it must be insulated from outside acoustic intrusion, as well as requiring insulation from the noise generated within the building. The zinc cladding on the exterior is a good example of reflecting noise from the exterior to insulate the interior from noise pollution. Fabric covered panels inside the worship hall also heighten acoustic absorption. The layout of internal spaces also aids with the acoustic properties of the building, for example, the worship hall is the major contributor to noise, and this is located away from the residential area on Baddow road.

Fig1,2&3. Acoustic panelling in the worship hall

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

programming

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

E1. Elevation 1

Section AA

Section CC

Section FF

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Foyer Cross laminated timber walls left exposed internally.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

 Foyer Cross laminated timber walls left exposed internally.  Cafe Floor to ceiling glazing, brings natural light and reiterates both sides of Salvation Army mission – Worship & Community outreach.  Worship Hall Natural light and ventilation from dormer windows in double height space. Acoustic panels for noise insulation.  Hall 1 Top lit by large windows. Energy efficient strip lighting for evening light.  Hall 2 Energy efficient bulbs and WC facilities incorporated within.  Multi Purpose rooms Under floor heating and energy efficient lighting throughout ground floor.  WCs and Baby changing facilities Extractor fans specific for WCs  Outdoor Courtyard Large area. Permeable flooring to stop children hurting themselves and for efficient water run off.  Church minibus parking facility Secure on site location

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

Section AA

Section CC

Section FF

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

ď&#x192;&#x2DC; Voids Double height spaces on ground floor

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

 Voids Double height spaces on ground floor  Admin Offices Situated on the first floor away from the public

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

 Voids Double height spaces on ground floor  Admin Offices Situated on the first floor away from the public  Instrument Store First floor by the stairs for easy access

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

 Voids Double height spaces on ground floor  Admin Offices Situated on the first floor away from the public  Instrument Store First floor by the stairs for easy access  Store Improvement of storage on both floors  Plant Room Located on first floor away from the public  Service pipes and air conditioning units on plant roof Pipes service the entire building from the plant room  Courtyard Large area. Permeable flooring to stop children hurting themselves and for efficient water run off.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENT

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

heating

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

Heating

The first floor is heated by radiators, whereas the ground floor is heated by under floor heating. The radiators work on convection currents generating heat outwards from the radiator.

Fig1&2. Diagrams of radiators

Fig3. Section showing radiator convection flow on the first floor

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS

Heating

Under floor heating is the most efficient way of heating. The whole ground floor is heated by this method. Special filament elements embedded within the floor slabs heat up, operated on a mechanical timer in the plant room. Warm water circulates and feeds around the piping.

Fig1. Section of under floor heating elements

Fig2. Exploded axonometric of under floor heating

Fig3. Image of under floor heating

Fig4. Build up of under floor heating

Fig5. Section showing under floor heat flow on the ground floor

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ventilation

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Natural Ventilation  All rooms have open window access  The use of many double height rooms allows air to circulated  The ground floor has an open plan layout with folding walls creating a large space where air can circulate  A telescopic vent is incorporated into the build up of the foundation to allow air to circulate within a void under the floor screed.  This is so that if the ground temperature falls or rises too much, it won’t affect the temperature within the building as the air in the void will heat or cool accordingly.

Fig3. Air flow into the building

Fig1&2. Section of natural ventilation

Fig4. Section of ventilation vent in foundations

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Mechanical Ventilation  The plant room is located on the first floor away from public access.  It controls all of the mechanical heating and cooling elements, such as the air handling units for mechanical ventilation, as well as the under floor heating elements.  The system works on a timer to ensure electronic maximum user comfort.

Location of plant room

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Mechanical Ventilation  The ventilation pipes supply and return air to the spaces for ventilation.  The main service areas are supplied using this method, for example the WC’s, Kitchen, Worship hall and sport’s hall.  The mechanical ventilation in the worship hall is also important as it helps use forced air ventilation to reduce noise pollution by minimising the need to open the windows.  Air is fed to and from the plant room and air handling units.

Ventilation pipes

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Mechanical Ventilation  The air handling units are located on the exterior of the building to capture the air.  There is a maintenance walkway to access the units.  They circulate and condition the air throughout the building

Air handling units

1. 2. 3. 4. 5.

Filters Cooling coils Heating Humidifier Fan Diagram of air handling unit

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Mechanical Ventilation  Extractor fans are located above the kitchen and WC areas.  This is because they have particular ventilation needs, that the air handling units cannot control alone.  The extractor fans give the added ventilation required for these specific areas to meet their needs.

Extractor fans

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

lighting

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Artificial Lighting ď&#x192;&#x2DC;The building is mostly naturally lit, however for times when artificial lighting is needs a series of low hanging lights and strip lighting is employed. ď&#x192;&#x2DC;All light bulbs are energy efficient.

Artificial lighting diagram

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS Natural Lighting Large dormer windows in the worship hall allow the room to be top lit. There is an extensive use of glazing throughout the building to allow as much natural light in as possible.

12PM Noon Lighting

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

sustainability

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

SUSTAINABILITY Environmental strategy The building was not specified in the brief to be a sustainable structure Hudson architects have adapted the brief to create the functional space required, as well as making the building sustainable The cross laminated timber construction is a sustainable structure The main environmental strategy of the building was the focus on the architectural acoustic properties of the building, however other sustainable measures have also been incorporated. BREEM rating of ‘very good’. BREEM are the design and assessment method for sustainable buildings. No protected species or trees on site for consideration The building is fully DDA compliant and registered under the considerate constructors scheme.

Fig1. Acoustic panels in the worship hall

Fig2. Construction of salvation army building

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

SUSTAINABILITY Energy conservation Built on existing Brownfield site of existing building. Pre-fabricated timber panels reduced cost and labour, resulting in the building being fully erected in 24 days, and total construction time was 4 weeks. The minimal construction time saves on costs as well as energy and CO2 emissions. The building is close to public transport routes, safe cycle routes and local amenities. Reduced air leakage and thermal bridging. Insulation above the building regulations Energy efficient lighting Natural lighting from dormer windows Low flush toilets Brown water reclaim system for toilets. Water saving measures fitted to taps No showers Efficient factory production techniques are much less wasteful and installation is less disruptive on site. Double glazed window throughout allow for heat control Fig1. Section of double glazing

Fig2. Natural lighting from dormer windows

Fig3. Site plan of Salvation Army building

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

SUSTAINABILITY Bioclimatic Strategy Reduced air leakage and thermal bridging by acoustic roof structure. Insulation above the building regulations to improve heating qualities Energy efficient lighting Low flush toilets Brown water reclaim system for toilets. Water saving measures fitted to taps No showers

Fig1. Axonometric of insulation in wall and roof

Fig2. brown water reclaim system

Fig3. Dual flush system

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

SUSTAINABILITY User comfort All mechanical heating and ventilation is operated on timers to ensure user comfort Mechanical ventilation and cooling methods allow the building to not become over heated as the use of timber construction traps heat within the structure and heats the building Under floor heating is kept on a low constant heat in order to ensure effective and efficient heating of the building Opening windows allow for manual heat control Air conditioning units maintain mechanical cooling of the building and can be operated on timers in the plant room or manually overridden Walled courtyard to protect from strong winds Acoustic issues have been considered and dealt with to allow user comfort Folding walls allow spaces to be flexible and conform to user needs.

Fig2. Image of typical plant room

Fig1. Section detail of folding curtain wall

Fig3. Image of under floor heating

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

SUSTAINABILITY Waste recycling The building is fully constructed of sustainably sourced cross laminated timber. The timber used for the panels is 100% recycled wood, manufactured from scrap wood and off cuts used for previous buildings. Even the wood shavings and sawdust is fully recycled. Due to this timber construction it also makes the building fully recyclable if it were to be knocked down, the panels could be reused as they are, or recycled to make new panels. It is up to the client to provide recycling bins for waste. Although this information cannot be found, it is most probable that recycling is used at the salvation army building, as there is paper waste from admin offices as well as domestic waste from the kitchen/cafe for example. Fig1. cross laminated timber

Fig2. Assembly of prefabricated panels on site

Fig3. Recycling of wood

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

SUSTAINABILITY Lifespan Zinc Cladding lifespan: 75+ years Cross laminated timber lifespan: 80 years for KLH produced cross laminated timber panels – like the ones used in the Salvation Army building. The lifespan of timber can be much longer, dependant on how many times it is recycled. Glazing lifespan: 10 – 25 years The building has a lifespan much longer than usual for typical buildings, making this such a unique and sustainable structure.

Fig1. Glazing

Fig2. Zinc cladding

Fig3. Cross laminated timber

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

conclusion

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Hudson Architects had a difficult brief to comply to. 1. The need for a modern flexible space building; 2. To increase floor space by 30%; 3. On a tight budget. In my eyes, Hudson architects were completely successful in meeting this brief. The building incorporates folding curtain walls and multi-purpose rooms to allow for a flexible modern space building. The floor space was increased from the previous footprint, from 700m2 to 930m2. This means that floor space was increased by more than 30%, as well as storage alone being increased by 80%, fully achieving this aspect of the brief. The budget for the building was ÂŁ2 million, however, the final cost was ÂŁ1.6 million, making the building well under budget. All aspects of the brief have been met and more, as the building is also a sustainable piece of architecture.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION The Previous Building...

Now...

Not suited for the current needs of the salvation army Poor and wasted circulation space Poor storage space Poor acoustic consideration Inefficient energy use and ecological impact Beyond economic refurbishment Brick with sloping roof Single story building (with double height worship hall) Two entrances, but one inactive as it led to the worship hall and therefore could not be used. Previous building had 12 car parking spaces + space for the church minibus

Building has only one entrance, so that no circulation space is wasted 80% more storage space Over 30% more floor space The building stands out from the typical typologies of the surrounding buildings Now a two story building, still including the double height space in the worship hall Now only 4 parking bays, 1 drop off bay for two cars, and a secure parking space for the church minibus. Although this is a reduction of car parking facilities from the previous building, the building is close to existing car parks, and public transport links.

Fig1. Previous building

Fig2. New building

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Positives The surrounding buildings have plans to be redeveloped or refurbished into five or six stories which could allow the Salvation Army building to fit in more with it’s surroundings. The architecture of the building reiterates the mission of the salvation army, incorporating a sense of worship as well as community outreach. The design takes into consideration the clients’ needs as well as the brief that they had to work to. There is 80% improved storage, and over 30% increased floor space. On Baddow road, floor to ceiling glazing breaks the zinc cladding. This again creates a dialogue between the cafe and the street, and repeats the mission. Close to public transport and local amenities in order to make the building more sustainable, to stop the use of as many cars that cause pollution.

Fig1. Wall to floor glazing in cafe and entrance area

Fig2. Plan of ground floor storage rooms

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Cross Laminated Timber The use of cross laminated timber construction was an innovative design method, and extremely sustainable This is by far the greatest positive design aspect of the building Cross laminated timber is 100% recycled and recyclable, thus created the most sustainable construction method This construction method also makes the building so unique

Fig1. Cross laminated timber

Fig2. Construction of Salvation Army building

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Negatives The building does not have any parking facilities for access by car The building does not make use of the butterfly roof system, such as incorporating rain or wind harvesting systems. There are no water efficient dishwashers There is no solar energy usage The building does not fit in with it’s surroundings, and does not consider contextual design. The zinc cladding, although striking, shows water marks and fingerprints, and therefore needs regular maintenance. Although the building was built on the exact footprint of the previous building, to be more economical, the footprint could have been reduced, due to the extra floor space on the first floor. The previous building could have also been refurbished for the same cost as re- building.

Fig1. Butterfly roof diagram

Fig2. zinc cladding

Fig3. Butterfly roof

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Rainwater Harvesting System ď&#x192;&#x2DC;The building could be improved by including a rainwater and wind harvesting system, making full use of the butterfly roof design. ď&#x192;&#x2DC;The rainwater harvesting system would collect rainwater in a pipe that could be paced in the ridges of the butterfly roof to allow the run off water to collect and be reused as a sustainable method

Fig1. Rainwater harvesting system

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Natural Ventilation System Due to the cross laminated timber construction, the building is prone to over heating as the timber traps heat and thus heats the full building The only natural ventilation system in the building are the dormer windows and other windows Other natural ventilation methods should have been incorporated into the design, rather than relying on the mechanical methods as this is not very sustainable. Methods that could have been used include vertical louvre blinds, or a double skin facade

Fig1. Vertical louvre blinds

Fig2. Natural ventilation system double skin facade

Fig3. Natural ventilation system double skin facade

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Solar Panels The building is situated on such an open site the use of solar panels on the facade of the building would be ideal As the building is two stories, the solar panels could be placed on the roof and not hinder the aesthetics of the building They can also blend in with the zinc cladding and light reflective tower

The solar panels could be placed here

Fig1. Solar panels

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION Parking facilities As the building’s floor space was increased, thus reducing the parking facilities on site. Although there are existing car parks nearby and public transport links, there could also have been some parking facilities included in the design For example an under ground car park

Fig1. Underground car parking facilities

Fig2. Underground car parking facilities

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

CONCLUSION The Salvation Army citadel corps is the most contemporary and unique church building. Using an innovative construction method of cross laminated timber panels, the building had a remarkably quick construction period of 4 weeks, as well as creating an extremely sustainable structure that is aesthetically exciting as well. The most disappointing thing about this building is that using this cross laminated timber construction, the architects fell down on creating other sustainable measures for the building. The use of a butterfly roof usually employs a rainwater or wind harvesting system, due to the shape and construction of it, however these systems are not used in the building, and are simple items that could have been included in the design. This being said, these sustainable measures could be considered as add-ons without the need to change the building construction or design, and can be incorporated at a later date. The building has so many interesting aspects of design, for example the cross laminated timber construction, the zinc cladding, the light reflective tower, the routered rockpanel board and then the butterfly roof design. The building is definitely considered successful as it meets every aspect of the brief. The architecture of the building reiterates the Salvation Armyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s mission message of connecting the idea of worship and community outreach, with prayer in the worship hall and recreational facilities such as over 60â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s clubs and choirs. The space includes folding walls to produce multifunctional spaces so that both of these activities can run alongside each other.

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831

Bibliography and References

Websites Planning Documents. 2011. Planning Documents. [ONLINE] Available at: http://planning.chelmsford.gov.uk/Planning/lg/GFPlanningDocuments. Hudson Architects. 2011. Hudson Architects. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.hudsonarchitects.co.uk/. T E C H N I K E R. 2011. T E C H N I K E R. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.techniker.co.uk/projects/detail.cfm?iProject_id=152. The Salvation Army, Chelmsford Citadel Corps. 2011. The Salvation Army, Chelmsford Citadel Corps. [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.chelmsfordcitadelsa.org/ KLH Timber Manufacturers [ONLINE] http://www.klhuk.com/product/production.aspx Who What With .com [ONLINE] http://www.whowithwhat.com/company/BuildingDetail.php?name=Salvation%20Army%20Chelmsford Cross laminated timber [ONLINE] www.willmottdixongroup.co.uk/assets/c/r/cross-laminated-timber-frames-v3-april-2010.pdf Journals Architecture today, [0958-6407] lyall, yr2009, iss 199, pg 28-34 June Architects Journal vol 231, no21, 2010 June 10, pg 20-53 Building design no 1855, 2009 Feb 13, pg12-15 Building Design no 1874, 2009, June 26, pg 12-15 Primary Contact Called/email for plans, sections and details. Hudson Architects 01603766220 info@hudsonarchitects.co.uk Called for information regarding the heating and ventilation system. EP Consulting, building services engineers. 0115 924 4433

AT2.1 Salvation Army Citadel Corps, Chelmsford Case Study.

Lauren Di Pietro C3308831