HOW DO YOU KEEP THE IDENTITY WITHOUT MASS CHANGING THE SITE?
WHY CONSERVE HERITAGE? The protection, conservation and enhancement of a conservation areas, enclaves and buildings provides an enriching experience for those who live in, work in or visit them, creating a sense of belonging, stability and connection between future and past generations, community, landscape and cultures from distant lands. Once lost, heritage buildings cannot be replaced and they can be robbed of their special interest as surely by unsuitable alteration as by outright demolition. They are irreplaceable assets.
CRISPY RENDANG
HISTORY OF JALAN BESAR, KLANG • “Heritage is a value that can be handed down the generations. It could be in the form of customs, culture, locality, buildings, archives and manuscripts”
Introduction to the site KLANG HISTORY • The very name is used in the Klang River, which runs through the middle of Kuala Lumpur all the way to Port Klang. • It is also used in Klang Valley, which roughly refer to the whole Greater Kuala Lumpur and the surrounding Selangor districts. • It has been one of the oldest town in the whole Peninsular Malaysia, established before the prosperous rise of Malacca. JALAN BESAR HISTORY • Jalan Besar used to be a place dominated by locals. • Shophouses were abandoned due to the economy and transport issue • Local residents migrate to residential areas laway from this area • Foreign workers take over this area by living and
Malaysia
Development of the site
• The Royal Town of Klang belonged to the Malacca Sultanate back in the 15th Century before The Selangor Sultanate in the 18th Century. In the late 1800s, the British boosted the economy of Klang by exploiting the tin ore on site. In the 1900s, railway, vehicular and shipment transportation systems flourished to accommodate the demand of tin minerals. In the 2000s, city planning has improved living quality and circulation with highways and new townships such as Bandar Bukit Tinggi and Bandar Baru Klang.
Characteristic of Jalan Besar Architecture analysis
The buildings along Jalan Besar have gone through different styles of design upon each modification or addition that disregards the traditional form of the shophouses. The distinct style and facade of the buildings are combined within the row of shophouses as a single continuous form that may be chaotic but is linked through function. The visual clutter informs the user of the era of the building and the difference of buildings structure. The visual clutterness of the building orientation also changes the visual impact of the user at the area.
Discontinuity of the facade design in Jalan Besar Klang
The levels of each building on the road of Jalan Besar are different and distinct to each facade. There is no standard level of high between floors. This results in a chaotic relationship between building facade, the level decreases, increases and breaks on some segments of buildings.
Disproportionate Skyline
The vertically huge buildings looms over the surrounding shophouses and breaks the harmony and rhythm of the uniform skyline of the heritage buildings.
History and Identity of Klang Klang or also known as Royal Town in Klang was formerly a famous place for the tin mining back in the late 19th century. Klang was so busy with tin mining activities during this era because of the high demand for tin in the west. This is happened during the British colonization in Klang, 1874. Later that era, in order to have a rapid outcome of the tin mining, The British brought in chinese people from China to be in charge of the mining activities. In 1890’s , The Klang had been further developed with the plantation of rubber and also coffee. With this leading production of rubber and coffee, marked the existence of Indian people in Klang. British brought in more labour worker in order to have a systematic distribution work in Klang. In 1875 until 1880, Klang was a capital of British administration for Selangor. After that, the capital moved to Kuala Lumpur.
• All the tin mining and plantations development had a big impact in shaping Klang in what we know today. • Klang was so active and busy with all the economical activities that had encourage more of settlements of people within the area of Klang River. • But sadly, South Klang today are tending of becoming a dormant area and not as vibrant as we pictured as in back then. • Now, in Jalan Besar Klang, as our observation that we had done, people are still continue with their own lifestyle and activities, but all the working are just for the sake of working. They have no attachment towards the area. • Klang was once an area rich with historical background had slowly becoming a forgotten city.
HISTORY OF CHULIA STREET, PENANG
Chulia Street is one of the oldest streets in George Town. It was previously known as Malabari Street, after the Malabari Indians who resided there. In 1798 the name was officially changed to “Chulia Street”, yet again after the vast majority of Indians living there, but this time inspired by the “Chola Kingdom”.
Place and culture In the 19th century, the spirit of the place revolved primarily around the Muslims of Indian descent. Religious buildings such as the Nagore Darga Shrine, Kapitan Keling Mosque and the Noordin Family Tomb constructed in that period of time were a symbol of the place’s essence.
Kapitan Keling Mosque
Nagore Darga Shrine
• By the end of the 19th century, Chulia Street experienced a decline in its Indian Muslim population, while an increase the number of ethnic Chinese. This enriched the multicultural aspect of the street.
NG FOOK THONG TEMPLE
Changes in Location Over Time
Chulia Street was originally a central hub with Indian traders, and eventually Chinese traders as well. However, the multicultural aspect of the location started attracting budget tourists in the early 20th century. This sprung up many budget hostels and guesthouses as well as laundries, restaurants, bars and travel agencies. Now, even high end hotels have been launched in the area.
Original Architecture Analysis In the 19th century, the trade based centre consisted mainly of shop houses. Famous across Southeast Asia, the shop house are 2 or 3 storeys high and consist of a shop on the ground floor, with the shopkeeper’s residence on the ground floor. This type of building is mostly found in old cities with rich historical backgrounds. Shop houses are known to be a fusion of several architectural styles. Western influence is seen through the shuttered windows and gable while the area open to the sky is inspired by Chinese courtyard houses.
Shophouse Characteristics 1) Low rise buildings (maximum 3 storeys high) 2) Narrow fronts, deep rears 3) Terraced buildings 4) Provide covered walkway for pedestrians 5) Internal courtyard 6) Party walls between terraced buildings 7) Pitched roof with typical orange tiles 8) Faรงade is colourful and well ornamente
Jalan Besar, Klang.
Observation • Based on the observation that we had done, the street of Jalan Besar, are one of the street that had mixed architectural type within a street. • The street is originally a shophouses with mostly 3 stories height, fill with commercial area on the bottom part of the building and residential on the upper part.. • But now, mostly of the building in this street had different usage, and most of them are a commercial area. • The mixed architectural styles of facade within one street had breaks the continuity feeling towards the heritage building. • The different height of the building also disturbs the heritage identity of the street. With the fusion of new and old facade, it affect the identity of Klang and now Klang seems to be fades in the eye of the public and lost with their identity.
Observation • In Jalan Besar, there are a few building that is not in a state of dilapidation • Some of the building are fill with small green plants that grows from the cracks of the building • This disturbs the view of the building towards Jalan Besar Preservation • Aiming to halt further deterioration, decay or state of dilapidation and providing structural safety and well being. • should be carried out only in such a way that evidence of the construction or use of the fabric would not be obscured.
Observation • Other than the front facade of the building, the back facade also are in shabby condition. • Not just the shophouses building that in a bad condition but the some of the alleyways in between buildings also visually not in good condition
Reconstruction • process of accurately reproducing by new construction, the form and detail of vanished structure, or part of it, as it appeared at some period in time and includes full or partial reconstruction • Reconstruction is necessary for its survival and it reveals the cultural significance of the place as a whole.
Observation • Some of the building in Jalan Besar have a sudden difference height between the old and new building. Restriction of Height and Form • regulations may be put in place to prevent “visual and skyline pollution” in this site • proper procedures must be followed when renovating or repairing the buildings in order to keep the heritage architecture in Jalan Besar.
Conclusions for Jalan Besar • The conservation in Jalan Besar, Klang is one of the proper method that can protect the heritage building from continuously being destroyed by some irresponsible party. Even though it requires high knowledge and understanding of the resources on the certain building or history that it represents but it is very crucial in today heritage site. • With the high skills and a proper management of the building it can be says as a workable method in keeping the essence of the place and at the same time keeping the identity of the site from getting fades by the idea of development and urbanism.
CHULIA STREET, PENANG
TOWN PLANING
Category I • Buildings, monuments, objects and sites of exceptional interest; • Buildings and monuments declared as ancient and gazetted formerly under the Antiquities Act 1976 now under the National Heritage Act (2005); and • Buildings and monuments Registered as National Heritage under the National Heritage Act (2005) (Table C3.1).
BLUE MANSION CHEONG FATT TZE
FORT CORNWALLIS
ST. GEORGE’S CHURCH
Category II • They were residences and business premises of those who have lived in George Town for generations. • They represent an architectural Identity • They tell of cultural influences in the change, in scale decoration and later materials • They are also part of the commercial heart of each urban area, defining its character
CHULIA STREET
Category I Category II Infill Replacement
PENANG PORT
SITE MANAGEMENT
Shophouses Facade Planing
Buidling Height: View & Vista
Details on Walkways
Sign Management
BAD Example
RESTORATION
Lime Plastering
LIMIT NUMBER OF SHOP PER CATEGORY OF BUSINESS
CHINA HOUSE CAFÉ
MAGAZINE 63
LOVE LANE
CONCLUSION THE KEY TO KEEP AN IDENTITY IS TO STUDY LIFE. CONSERVE YOUR OWN CULTURE, SECURE YOUR OWN FUTURE.
REFERENCES • https://www.nst.com.my/news/exclusive/2017/11/302332/keeping-clear-view-heritage-sites • http://www.thesundaily.my/node/160896 • https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/09/176773/protect-buildings-heritage-zone • https://ac.els-cdn.com/S1877042813044194/1-s2.0-S1877042813044194-main.pdf?_tid=4bf11cd9-500d-48c7-9f11-b5bb1f4a8874&acdnat=1524215562_d692742 70f754c65e4af045c13038314 • https://www.nst.com.my/news/exclusive/2017/11/302332/keeping-clear-view-heritage-sites • http://www.thesundaily.my/node/160896 • https://www.nst.com.my/news/2016/09/176773/protect-buildings-heritage-zone • https://ac.els-cdn.com/S1877705811029468/1-s2.0-S1877705811029468-main.pdf?_tid=bb68ac10-21da-4ae8-9c84-7f1b29c722d3&acdnat=1524205707_c6ca051 2d72152de32c21f51da3071f5 • https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2009/05/29/no-more-tall-buildings-in-penangs-heritage-zone/ • https://www.thestar.com.my/news/nation/2016/05/06/trams-only-for-heritage-zone-project-director-statewide-use-impractical-and-will-add-to-congestion/ • https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1877705811029468