PRESENT PERFECT FORM: have / has + Past participle e.g. I have / He has been to London many times (I´ve been… He´s been … e.g Has she had her hair cut recently? e.g We have not bought a new car yet / (we haven´t …) it hasn´t rained for hours USES: 1. To give new information or announce a recent happening that occurred at a specific time before now. E.g. I´ve lost my key / She´s travelled to Japan / have you seen Carol ? 2. To talk about our life experience. E.g I´ve worked for too many different firms 3. It is used with periods of time which are not finished at the time of speaking (today, This morning / week..) E.g. She´s smoked ten cigarettes this morning 4.. It is used with JUST ( a short time ago) E.g. We´ve just had lunch 5. It is used with FOR / SINCE to say how long something has been happening E.g He hasn´t seen Paul for ten days / She´s lived here since 2006 *6. It is used with the adverbs ALREADY /YET E.g Have you seen that movie yet? No, I haven´t seen it yet / Yes, I´ve already seen it 7. EVER / NEVER are often used with the present perfect E.g Have you ever eaten caviar? No, I´ve never eaten caviar 8. With the expressions: IT´S / THIS IS THE FIRST TIME… or multiple actions at different times . E.g This is the first time I´ve been to China / She´s been to Paris several times 9. It is used after a superlative. E.g It´s the most thrilling film I´ve seen
*Notes to 6) e.g Has he done his homework yet? (You ask for information)) No, He hasn´t done it yet Yes, He´s done it ( No emphasis) Yes, He´s already done it (sooner than expected) Yes, he´s done it already. (emphasizing surprise) Has he already done his homework? ( A Yes- answer is expected) ( Questions with already are often not real questions, but expressions of surprise)
PAST SIMPLE / PRESENT PERFECT Our football team --------------(lose) all its matches this year. It's very depressing. It ------------- (never/ happen) to me before. When I--------------(be) eleven I ------------- (start)in a team called "the tigers", we ------------------(not win) many matches, but at least we-------------(win) from time to time. Later I ---------------(organize) a football team in my school. We---------(be) very good and -------------(get) 4 trophies. As you see, I ---------------(play) for more than ten years now, but I ---------------(join) this team very recently. We are not too bad, but we -----------------(be) the unluckiest team in the World this year. Past simple / present perfect . Look! somebody ---------------(break) my bike 2. I -----------------(lose) my mobile phone two days ago 3. My English teacher -------------------------(not come) yesterday 4. How many exercises ------------------(you/ do) today? Only two, but I ------------------(do) ten last week 5. The weather -----------------(be) very nice this week 6. His grandfather ---------------- (die) 10 years ago 7. My cousin -----------------(live) in France all her life and she still lives there 8. I ------------------- (smoke) for ten years now 9. When we ------------------ (be) on holiday the weather was awful 10. John ------------- (live) in England for thirty years, but now he is living in Málaga
C.omplete the sentences with the verbs below Use the past simple or present perfect. not begin ▄ require ▄ show ▄ not be ▄ fly ▄ be ▄ think 1. Our school _________________ uniforms until 2003. 2. Last year, my father _________________ to New York once a month on business. 3. My brother _____________ studying English yet. He´ll start in September. 4. __________ you ever __________ about how you want to earn a living? 5. How old ______________ you when your sister was born? 6. I _______________ to the dentist for a year, but I made an appointment for next week. So far they ________________ that advert on television five times tonight
TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH 1. Lleva varios meses en Londres y le gusta tanto que ha decidido quedarse dos meses más. 2. He perdido la bicicleta que me prestaste la semana pasada. 3. Lo ví por última vez el jueves. Borja no le habla desde entonces. 4. Compraron una casa nueva hace tres semanas ,pero todavía no vendieron la vieja. 5. Conozco a Sara desde hace mucho tiempo y yo sé que ella no te robó el bolso. 6. Apura! Acabo de ver a la profesora de Inglés entrar en clase. 7. Llevan casados dos años ,pero todavía no tienen hijos. 8. El señor que se subió al autobús en la parada anterior ya se ha bajado. 9. ¿Cuánto tiempo hace que vives en este piso tan bonito? 10. ¿Ya has leído el libro que te compré hace dos días? 11. ¿Te gustó el poema que te dí el día de San Valentín? Todavía no lo leí. 12. ¿Dónde está María? Se fue a la tienda. 13. He ido a Londres varias veces,pero nunca he estado en Dublín. 14. ¿Has viajado alguna vez en el Ave? Si, 15. Vara acaba de despertarse y ya ha sonreído. . REWRITE EACH SENTENCE, BEGINING AS SHOWN, SO THAT THE MEANING STAYS THE SAME. It`s a long time since I last went to a football match. I haven`t ................................................................................................................................... This is my second visit to Hungry. This is the second time ....................................................................................................... I paid this bill earlier, actually. Actually I`ve .......................................................................................................................
Mary started learning French five years ago. Mary has ............................................................................................................................
I am on the tenth page of the letter I am writing. So far I ............................................................................................................................... It`s over twenty years since we got married.
We have ............................................................................................................................ The last time I saw Dick was in 1985. I haven`t ...........................................................................................................................
PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS FORM: Have / has been doing USES: 1. We use the continuous form to say how long something has been happening
e.g Ann has been writing letters all day
We use the simple form to say how much we have done, how many things we have done or how many times we have done something.
e.g. Ann has written ten letters 2. It is used when we talk about an action that began in the past and has recently stopped or just stopped.
e.g That man is bright red. I think he ´s been sunbathing e.g Why are you sweating? Because I´ve been running
Present perfect / Past simple:
Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets: 1. The last time we went on holiday was in 2002. (since) 2. Tomorrow Paul is going to see a cricket game for the first time (never) 3. Susie is no longer in my class. (last year) 4. Have you got any experienced working in a shop? (ever) 5. I´ve known Paul for four years. (ago) 6. It´s been two weeks since I last saw you. (for) 7. It last rained in October. (hasn´t)
CHOOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE PHRASE FOR EACH SITUATION
a) Don`t forget your pills today. Have you taken them/Have you been taking Them?. b) I`ve been phoning/I`ve phoned Ann all evening, but there`s no reply. c) It`s a long time since/when I last saw you. d) I`ve seen Bill quite often lately/from time to time. e) I`ve lived in the same house for years/for ever. f) Sue bought a CD player last week and she`s been listening to music ever since/for a while. g) Sorry, but I haven`t got that work finished already/yet.
ANSWERS: PAST SIMPLE / PRESENT PERFECT Our football team has lost all its matches this year. It's very depressing. It has never happened to me before. When I was eleven I started in a team called "the tigers", we did not win many matches, but at least we won from time to time. Later I organized a football team in my school. We were very good and got 4 trophies. As you see, I have played for more than ten years now, but I have joined this team very recently. We are not too bad, but we have been the unluckiest team in the World this year. Past simple / present perfect . Look! somebody has broken my bike 2. I lost my mobile phone two days ago 3. My English teacher did not come yesterday 4. How many exercises have you done today? Only two, but I did ten last week 5. The weather has been very nice this week 6. His grandfather died 10 years ago 7. My cousin has lived in France all her life and she still lives there 8. I have smoked for ten years now 9. When we were on holiday the weather was awful 10. John lived in England for thirty years, but now he is living in Málaga C.omplete the sentences with the verbs below Use the past simple or present perfect. not begin ▄ require ▄ show ▄ not be ▄ fly ▄ be ▄ think 7. Our school REQUIRED uniforms until 2003. 8. Last year, my father FLEW to New York once a month on business. 9. My brother HASN´T BEGUN studying English yet. He´ll start in September. 10. HAVE you ever THOUGHT about how you want to earn a living? 11. How old WERE you when your sister was born? 12. I HAVEN´T BEEN to the dentist for a year, but I made an appointment for next week. So far they HAVE SHOWN that advert on television five times tonight
TRANSLATE INTO ENGLISH 16. Lleva varios meses en Londres y le gusta tanto que ha decidido quedarse dos meses más. She´s been in London for several months and she likes it so much that she ´s decided to stay for another two months. 17. He perdido la bicicleta que me prestaste la semana pasada. I´ve lost the bicycle you lent me last week 18. Lo ví por última vez el jueves. Borja no le habla desde entonces. I last saw him on Thursday. Borja hasn´t talked to him since then 19. Compraron una casa nueva hace tres semanas ,pero todavía no vendieron la vieja. They bought a new house three weeks ago, but they haven´t sold the old one yet. 20. Conozco a Sara desde hace mucho tiempo y yo sé que ella no te robó el bolso. I´ve known Sara for a long time and I know she hasn´t stolen your bag 21. Apura! Acabo de ver a la profesora de Inglés entrar en clase. Hurry up! I´ve just seen the English teacher come into the class 22. Llevan casados dos años ,pero todavía no tienen hijos. They´ve been married for two years but they haven´t had any children yet 23. El señor que se subió al autobús en la parada anterior ya se ha bajado. The man who got on the bus at the last stop has already got off 24. ¿Cuánto tiempo hace que vives en este piso tan bonito? How long have you been living in this beautiful flat? 25. ¿Ya has leído el libro que te compré hace dos días? Have you read the book I bought you two days ago? 26. ¿Te gustó el poema que te dí el día de San Valentín? Todavía no lo leí. Did you like the poem I gave you on Saint Valentine´s day? I haven´t read it yet 27. ¿Dónde está María? Se fue a la tienda. Where is Maria? She´s gone to the shop 28. He ido a Londres varias veces,pero nunca he estado en Dublín. I´ve been to London several times, but I´ve never been to Dublin 29. ¿Has viajado alguna vez en el Ave? Si, Have you ever travelled on a fast speed train? Yes, I have 30. Vara acaba de despertarse y ya ha sonreído. Vara has just woken up and she has already smiled
REWRITE EACH SENTENCE, BEGINING AS SHOWN, SO THAT THE MEANING STAYS THE SAME. It`s a long time since I last went to a football match. I haven`t been to a football match for a long time This is my second visit to Hungary. This is the second time I´ve been to Hungary I paid this bill earlier, actually. Actually I`ve already paid this bill
Mary started learning French five years ago. Mary has learnt French for five years I am on the tenth page of the letter I am writing. So far I Have written ten pages It`s over twenty years since we got married. We have been married for over 20 years The last time I saw Dick was in 1985. I haven`t seen Dick since 1985
I have only managed to print.. I have been making…… / I have lost
I´ve failed / I have been studying …
I have been looking …/ I have only found ….
Present perfect / Past simple:
1. Wrong.(wrote), 2.wrong (was), 3.Right, 4.Wrong (has had), 5.Right, 6.Wrong (developed) 1.bought, 2.has had, 3.arrived, had, went, 4.did you visit?. 5.has taken, 6.did you give up, 7.didn´t eat, didn´t feel, 8.didn´t Jill want, 9.have you washed 10. has gone out, did he go out?
Rewrite the sentences using the words in brackets: 1. The last time we went on holiday was in 2002. (since) We haven´t been on holiday since 2002 2. Tomorrow Paul is going to see a cricket game for the first time (never) I haven´t seen a cricket game before 3. Susie is no longer in my class. (last year) Susie hasn´t been in my class since last year 4. Have you got any experienced working in a shop? (ever) Have you ever worked in a shop? 5. I´ve known Paul for four years. (ago) I met Paul four years ago 6. It´s been two weeks since I last saw you. (for) I haven´t seen you for two weeks 7. It last rained in October. (hasn´t) It hasn´t rained since October
Present perfect simple / continuous 1. have lost, 2.have you been working?, 3.has broken, 4.have been reading / haven´t finished, 5.haven´t been waiting ,6.have been cleaning / have cleaned, 7.have you cooked, 8.has appeared, 9.has been playing, 10.has played, 11.has smoked
CHOOSE THE MOST APPROPRIATE PHRASE FOR EACH SITUATION Have you taken them ,/ I`ve been phoning / since / lately / for years /ever since /yet