Crime Prevention Through Interactive Environmental Design

PERSONAL WORK

Crime Prevention Through Interactive Environmental Design Keywords: interaction design; crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED); GIS (geographic information system); GPS (global positioning system); crime; fear of crime; parametric design; user interface; user experience    

Crime Prevention through Interactive Environmental Design (CPTIED) is a smart phone interface that helps create safe environments from the feelings and information provided by citizens.

Data on crime occurrence and fear of crime are accumulated in real time in order to draw up a map of criminal spots.

The interface projects analytical results for all the data on the criminal spot map, showing the level of danger according to the gender, age, and time of day.

The data are accumulated in real-time through a succession, and transmitted to policy maker, administrators, environmental designers, and the police.

PERSONAL WORK

Crime Prevention Through Interactive Environmental Design

CPTIED Flowchart

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PERSONAL WORK

Crime Prevention Through Interactive Environmental Design

CPTIED Application

Criminal Spots Map

Crime Occurrence

Design Safe Environment

01 06

07 08 03 04

02 05

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02

Transmitting a situation in danger Sending SOS messages to registered persons and police, recording for 10 seconds, sending location information Type of crime Assault, robbery, sexual harassment, peer violence, others: suggesting based on main criminals examined by previous studies

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Map of fear of crime Density analysis of criminal spots

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Add security camera/ streetlamp/ patrolman

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Degree of fear of crime from least fearful to most fearful

07

Change Materials floor: grass, sidewalk block/ wall: glass, fence

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Sorting of criminal spots Shown following to gender, age, and time slot

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Change measurement change height/ change width of road

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PERSONAL WORK

Crime Prevention Through Interactive Environmental Design

fear of crime + GIS (geographic information system) + criminal spots + 50s + crime + environmental design + 60s + robbery + environmental psychology + rape + GPS (global positioning system) + security guard + darkness + landmarks + scary atmosphere + security camera + patrolmen + streetlamp + police stations + fraud + parametric design + 20s + pickpocketing + user interface + CPTED (crime prevention through environmental design) + subway station + user experience + safety + interaction design + commercial facilities + data analysis + 40s + emergency + park + time + map + density + 30s + theft + big data + location + SOS + assault + sexual harassment + age + peer violence + citizens + gender + sexual molestation + mobile experience + application + gang + real-time + media + emotional bullying + male + threats + female + 10s + bus stop + hazardous facilities

Swarm intelligence Swam theory focuses on the collective behaviors that result from the local interactions of the individuals with each other and with their environment.

Through CPTIED, we can identify a stream of crime and fear of crime from the feelings and information provided by citizens.

DATA USAGE Real-time information of crime and fear of crime We can make fast action against crimes through real-time information. For example, it is possible to find that the emergency spot is crime-ridden for woman at night through data analysis.

Users can request setting up security cameras and additional streetlamps and rearranging patrolmen.

We can arrange patrolling manpower at hot spots following to time slot.

Fear of crime increase sharply after sunset

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ACADEMIC WORK

Crime Prevention Through Interactive Environmental Design

Reference Paper Soyeon Lee, Hojeong Ryu, and Mikyoung Ha (2012) Criminal spots on the way home from school. A case study of middle schools in the Gangseo District, Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 11 (1), 63-70. (A&HCI, SCIE)

Keywords school crime; way home from school; cognitive map; crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) 

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The purpose of this paper was to determine criminal spots on the way home from school for middle-school students.

Through a cognitive map analysis, the findings of this paper are as follows: first, the frequency of where fear of crime was felt was greater than that of actual crime, and the fear of crime did not closely reflect crime occurrence. Second, females had more fear of crime spots than males. Third, students feel fear mostly for reasons related to human factors rather than to space factors. Fourth, mixed-use building regions were the most commonly cited criminal regions.

Places associated with territoriality were commonly cited as criminal spots. This result was different than those in an earlier CPTED theory.

Cognitive maps of criminal spots

Cover page of the reference paper

Locations of criminal hot spots 14

ACADEMIC WORK

Crime Prevention Through Interactive Environmental Design

Reference Paper Soyeon Lee, Mikyoung Ha (Accepted) The duality of visibility: Does visibility increase or decrease the fear of crime in

exterior environments?, Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering. (A&HCI, SCIE)

Keywords visibility; fear of crime; elementary school; geographic information system (GIS); Space Syntax  

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This study suggests empirical evidence of the relationship between visibility and fear of crime in environments using an automated quantitative analysis method.

Spots where children felt fear in exterior areas of elementary schools were aggregated, and their characteristics were analyzed with two visibility dimensions of visual connectivity with no visible distance restrictions and with visible distances restricted.

In general, locations with lower levels of visibility reported higher levels of fear of crime. However, where there was very high visibility, fear of crime also increased. Visibility has a dual nature, both increasing and decreasing fear of crime in environments.

With the assistance of methods and results of this study, designers can plan safer environments and improve existing environments by considering visibility in a systematic and significant manner.

Space Syntax visibility graph analysis (VGA)

GIS analysis: criminal hot spots in schools

Regression analysis: effects of visibility on crime and fear of crime

Cover page of the reference paper 15