[ ALENA TKACHENKA ]
thesis project university of Liechtenstein
[ Peter Staub Studio ] WS 2017
[ BRAZIL ]
[ Life Spine ] Can we find the harmony between analytical top-down approach and subjective bottom-up? All people are different, and if they have power, they build differently. In context of Sao Paulo, irregular housing is easy, cheap and traditional. People understand how it works. Same time many urban living problems emerge, as there is no structure. Connected various units create a diverse street-scape. This street-scape has to be organized in a system. Absolute structure is unlivable; If we go from chaos to banality, we will find a point of harmony. The diagram of Eckhard Schulze-Fielitz, 1971, shows that the chaos in a tendency to absolute grid changes to fascination anarchie: a favela, a livable place which is romantic in its freedom. Originality, harmony, order and banality. In search of harmony we should analyze existent diversity vs grid systems. PROTOTYPE 1 The systematized anarchy of Archizoom , a camping prototype, has an infrastructure in its nodes. The rest is total anarchy. This is chaos - no segregation. In the system of a city it doesn’t work. In the context segregation can be positive.
PROPOSED PROTOTYPE The new system links “fascinating anarchie” strips to the uniformed elements of the grid and through them to the city.
Fascinating Anarchie
PROTOTYPE 2 The prototype of Koolhaas has original elements, constrained by grid. The more difference between, the more the grid becomes a border - an absolute segregation, where there is no interaction between original parts.
Strips of a Grid
[ Alena Tkachenka_Plan\facade; source: Alena Tkachenka archive ]
[ Alena Tkachenka_ink drawing, 70x100cm ]
THE GRID
AND EXISTING URBAN FABRIC, TRIGGERING ITS DEVELOPMENT. URBAN COMPLEX SYSTEMS, GROWING ON THE GRID, WILL RETAIN ORIENTATION AND ACCESS SIMPLICITY.
AIMING TO CREATE A PLATFORM OF SOCIAL INTERACTION, THE PROJECT PROPOSES TO USE THE GRID AS THE MAIN SPATIAL FRAMEWORK. IT WILL CREATE A LINK BETWEEN THE SITE
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THE GRID ACTIVATORS REGIONAL
THE CORE ELEMENTS OF THE GRID ARE PUBLIC “AGORAS” WHICH HAVE A STRAIGHT CONNECTION TO THE CITY. THE FUNCTION IS SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE AND PLATFORMS OF
PARTICIPATORY PROCESSES. USER GROUPS ARE INCOMERS OF THE CITY, PEOPLE FROM IMMEDIATE NEIGHBORHOOD. ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE: SAME MATERIALS OVER ALL NEIGHBORHOOD; DIVERSITY IN DETAILS.
THESE UNIFORMED ELEMENTS OF THE GRID ARE TOP-DOWN PUBLIC AMENITIES FINANCED BY GOVERNMENT, NGO AND OTHER INTERESTED GROUPS.
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LOCAL ACTIVATORS THE SECONDARY ELEMENTS OF THE GRID ARE AIMED TO HOST UPCOMING RESIDENTS OF A NEW NEIGHBORHOOD. LOCAL CORES HAVE AN INCREMENTAL SELFBUILT CHARACTER.
“FASCINATING ANARCHY” STRIPS ARE
BOTTOM UP PEOPLE’S EMPOWERMENTS, WHICH GROW FROM THE TOP-DOWN ARCHITECTURAL LANGUAGE: DIVERSITY AND COMPLEXITY, SPONTANEITY.
NEIGHBORHOOD SPINE THE OPEN SPACE IN BETWEEN WILL BECOME A SPACE OF IDENTITY -A MIRROR OF THE PEOPLE WHO LIVE IN THE FRAMES OF IT.
IF THE CRITICAL MASS OF GARDENERS FOR INSTANCE, OR ARTISTS, OR URBAN FARMERS INCREASE, AN URBAN UNIT WILL GET A NEW PUBLIC FACILITY, MADE ALREADY FROM LOCAL ACTION AND OUT OF REAL NEED. DUE TO THE GRID, PEOPLE WILL BE ORIENTED EASILY, AND WILL KNOW WHERE TO BUY A FRESH VEGETABLE, WHERE TO WATCH A MOVIE WITH FRIENDS, AND WHERE TO BUY TRADITIONAL BRAZILIAN CERAMIC.
IN THE FUTURE THE NEIGHBORHOOD WILL BE OVERGROWN BY VARIOUS COMMUNITIES. THE VARIETY OF COMBINATIONS IS SAME UNCOUNTABLE AS THE VARIETY OF CULTURAL LAYERS OF BRAZIL.
microgrants
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access to public consulataion of design proposals
ST RA TE GY 2
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ST RA TE GY
1:
pa rtic ip
ati
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ne w
reduced taxes
flexible stewardship
participator budgeting
information systems& surveys
community advocate
Rail way SPT M0 9
hig
Pin
he iro sr ive r
comm acti are
ea nd
of p
infl ue
oli cy
long term support from government and NGO
nc e
2 month trial rent
hw ay S
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munity ion ea
n
ry g
timebanking system with benefits
crosscultural, crossgeneration events
informal local currency
local parties
-car salers and creative studios -flower shops and designers
festivals: neighborhood, city and region
neutral community center: redistribution of funds, help with jobs
-students and homeless
shared rithuals
cheap food courts maps of pathways and connections social network
new local identity
collective support
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socia
on ivati t c a al ultur nd c
TOO
orientation systems lightening
shops
eye-on-street (design of location for new amenities)
gardens collective services nursery schools childcare
TOOL 2:
babysitting circles
existing local identity
local rules
goods sharing& exchange
L 1:
workshops between:
community wifi, website
community assets
safety
regional speed bus local bus linked to surrounding residential districts low-carbon infrastructure & agenda transport and access
social infrastructure at the early stage
information good commutation
construction workshops for incremental housing
access
physical skill support
TOO L3
convenient basic frames to buy, rent and adjust flexible zero structures
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spac
e for
reduced taxes 2-month trial rent microgrants policies
unpr edict
able
grow
th
conflict\negotiation. This space is not belonging to anyone, and has a tendency to be abandoned or badly treated. If we frame public with private, the corridors between are becoming more frequent and diverse. The connections between different social groups start to be less official (carnival for instance) The negotiation happens inside of “public enclosures”.
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Urban public islands are the spaces of responsibility of social housing users. The idea is to create a platform of negotiation not linked to the borders, but inside of a private space of social housing. People of different social groups (students, workers, low and high income) will cross the private space by numerous connections in order to come to a public attractor.
MAINTAINING DIVERSITY:
The space inside is important as a “silent enclosure”, which gives an order to the wilderness of the urban “outside”. It is safe as it is being watched by those who live in a space surrounding it. The walls play a role of organizer of the wild and chaotic
NEIGHBORHOOD MODULES
The proposed module of urban living helps to avoid dormitory quarters and unused areas. The semi-private area with identity is always inervined with a public mediator linked to the system of an open public space of the city.
outside. The sky and order is again given back to people. Urbanization destroys personality, especially of the ones who are out from the circle. The urban island gives power to restore it.
enclosed safe island social housing
social housing
mezo-space
local economy
mezo-space
System of modules real estate enclave
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Regional public platform works as a mediative space between
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Collective space is framed by residential area in one direction and by public area in another.
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Two groups have their own semi-private space of negotiation, which is linked to the mediative public core. The shared space between each two groups is a productive environment for triggering the local business. The shared space is safe, as it is surrounded by housing units. It has a character of a street. The specifity of the street is it’s semi-private character. Open space formed between the streets gives a flexibility in connections between diferent areas of the whole neighorhood. The safety consept is performed as well, as an open space has “an eye” of residential frame from one side and public core from the other.
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the areas belonging to segregated groups can’t be connected direclty
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group D
Identical group: car dealership
Identical group: industry workers Identical group: urban farmers
group A
Public core works as a regional active platform with social infrastructure. This is a place where happens an interaction between outsiders from the city and locals. It is well commuted to the city street network.
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Identical group: creative studios
Identical group: students e tur uc
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Public tower infrastructural purpose: watertower
Incremental housing units
Public platform
open space Local business individual mobility area (fast connection to homes)
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CONNECTION BETWEEN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE Shared space of two groups with semi-private character
Housing area Second level of public area
Regional connection&public area
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The joints between public and private areas work as frames between different spaces of responsinility of different social groups. The concentration of public activity happens on the borders. Each frame has its own character and concentrates in itself mobility, social infrastructure.
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INDUSTRY
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AUTOSTRADA SP-01 5
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DISCONNECTIONS.
SOCIAL SCOPE
PHYSICAL DISCONNECTIVITY AFFECTS THE QUALITY OF LIFE. GATES, FENCES AND SECURITY SYSTEMS INCREASE THE ANXIETY ABOUT SAFETY ON THE STREET; THERE IS NO COMMON SPACE. UNSOLVED CONNECTIONS MAKE PUBLIC TRANSPORT NAVIGATION IN THE CITY COMPLICATED AND UPHOLDS THE USE OF A CAR.
QUALITY OF LIFE
CEASA TRAIN STATION
SOCIAL SEGREGATION IN BRAZIL IS GROUNDED IN ITS HISTORY:LATE ABOLITION OF SLAVERY UNDEVELOPED NORTH CARRIES THE MEMORY OF SUGAR PLANTATIONS, PEOPLE KNOW LESS ABOUT “FAIR FARMING”
DURING THE RAPID CHANGE FROM RURAL TO URBAN SOCIETY IN XX CENTURY (22% OF RURAL DWELLERS ) SOCIAL SEGREGATION HAS RISEN WITH INCAPABILITY OF A CITY TO PROVIDE JOBS AND ACCOMMODATION. LOW WAGES, POVERTY AND CRIME HAVE BECOME ORDINARY ACCORDING TO UN RESEARCH, THE OVERWORLD GROWTH OF SLUMS TO 2030 WILL BE FROM 1 BILLION TO 2 BILLION PEOPLE. POOR SANITATION, LOW ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE AND EDUCATION FACILITIES WILL EMERGE.THE PROCESS HAS A DIRECT CONNECTION TO A PROBLEM OF SOCIAL SEGREGATION
THE DISTRIBUTION OF INCOME IN BRAZIL IS ONE OF THE MOST UNEQUAL IN THE WORLD. ONLY SOUTH AFRICA HAS THE BIGGER NUMBER. 1990: 20% OF POOREST POPULATION WAS RECEIVING ONLY 3% OF TOTAL INCOME, WHILE THE WEALTHY SOCIAL GROUP (10%) WAS GETTING AS MUCH AS 47%.
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ECONOMY
PRISON DE PINHEIROS
TRADA
HISTORY
HISTORY
UNEQUAL EDUCATION POSSIBILITIES, LIFE STYLE MAKE IMPOSSIBLE FOR A PERSON FROM ONE COMMUNITY TO CROSS THE BORDER OF ANOTHER. PREJUDISES ABOUT HOW PEOPLE LOOK AND WHICH BACKGROUND DO THEY HAVE RETARDS HEALTHY SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT
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DESERTED RIVER BANK
MENTAL SOCIAL SEGREGATION IN SAO PAULO DERIVES FROM STEREOTYPES ABOUT RICH AND POOR, FAELADOS AND DWELLERS OF GATED COMMUNITIES. FEAR AND MISTRUST BETWEEN PEOPLE EMANATE UNFAIR BAD TREATMENT OF ONE TO THE OTHER. THE REASON IS THE LACK OF RELIABLE INFORMATION AND THE ABSENCE OF SOCIAL INTERACTION.
PHYSICAL SCOPE
MENTALITY
ABSRACT ANALYSIS USING THE PRISM OF THE SITE DRAWING
CAN HOW CONNECTION
BE MADE?
PINHEIROS RIVER
[ Alena Tkachenka_ ink drawing, 40x60cm ]
INTERACTION
INDIVIDUALITY
DIVERSITY
PARTICIPATION
THE SYSTEM OF SHIFTING NEIGHBORHOODS WILL ALLOW PEOPLE TO HAVE PLATFORMS FOR INTERACTION WHEN IT’S NEEDED AND POSIBLE
IN THE CONSTANT URBAN DEVELOPMENT OF A MEGAPOLIS THE INDIVIDUALITY OF A PERSON IS OF THE SECONDARY IMPORTANCE. THE PROJECT AIMS TO SAVE THE IDENTITES WITHIN A COMPLEX URBAN SYSTEM.
MIX-MATCH OF PEOPLE’S ACTIVITIES FROM DIFFERENT SPHERES, PRESENTED IN THE SURROUNDING: CAR DEALERS, CREATIVE STUDIOS, INDUSTRY WORKERS, STUDENTS
LONG-TERM SUPPORT FOR THE COMMUNITY ACTIVITY; THE SYSTEM OF POLICIES AND BENEFITS; PROMOTION OF THE SELFBUILT HOUSING AND LOCAL BUSINESS
T POR
[ Alena Tkachenka_ink drawing, 40x60cm ]
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SIMPLICITY
ORDER
FLEXIBILITY
MOBILITY
CENTRALITY
CLEAR UNDERSTANDING OF HOW THE SYSTEM WORKS; EASY NAVIGATIOON
EQUALITY OF COMMUNITY MEMBERS;
VARIETY IN THE USE OF THE DESIGNED STRUCTURES AND SPACES
TRANSPORT HUB SPEED BUS INVIDUAL TRAVALATORS
NEW SYSTEM FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF PUBLIC SPACE.
USE OF EXISTING INFRASTRUCTURE
EASY ACCESS BETWEEN THE LOCAL ACTIVE ZONES AND THE CITY
MESSAGE THE CITY OF SAO PAULO, THE ENGINE OF BRAZIL, IS A RESOURCE FOR CONSTANTLY CHANGING FLOWS OF PEOPLE, GOODS AND POWER. ITS STRENGTH AND WORLDWIDE INFLUENCE CAN BE ENRICHED BY A STRONG HUMANISTIC MESSAGE ABOUT THE POSSIBILTY OF PEOPLE’S COEXISTENCE IN THE COMPLEX URBAN ENVIRONMENT.
FRAMEWORK BRAZIL’S CULTURAL AND RCIAL DIVERSITY IS ONE OF IMPORTANT NATION’S STRENGTHS. THE RICHNESS OF SOCIETY, ITS POTENTIAL LIES IN THE MULTICULTURAL HERITAGE.
MAIN WORDS?
NEVERTHELESS, THE GAP BETWEEN DIFFERENT SOCIAL GROUPS IS ONE OF THE MOST DRAMATIC IN THE WORLD.