MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF MICROWATERSHEDS IN ACHUPALLAS PARISH, SANGAY NATIONAL PARK, ECUADOR USING GIS TECHNIQUES ISSN 2477-9105 ISSNp 1012-1617
Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Noviembre 2017
INDICE
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017 CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Introduction Problem Objective Study Area Methodology Results Conclusions
Cordillera of the Andes
INTRODUCTION
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
Extension
Altitude
High diversity
3.371 Km2
600 – 6.000 msnm
133 ecosystems
“Deforestation studies have focused on the Amazon basin; Nevertheless, mountain areas represent a significant percentage of South America” CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Armenteras, D. 2011
INTRODUCTION 300 Lagoons Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
Four large rivers • Pastaza • Santiago • Cañar • Chimbo
120 micro watersheds CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Ministerio del Ambiente
INTRODUCTION
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
Units of territory containing a common set of rivers draining into a main river
WATERSHEDS
• Pure water • Water for hydroelectric • Among others
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
PROBLEM
Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017
Methods of analysis to develop better planning
SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
The lack of information to plan micro-watersheds I N T E R INTERACTION A C T I O N
INSTITUTIONAL
EDUCATION
OBJECTIVE
Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017
Determine the geomorphological factors that cause the vulnerability
Degree of vulnerability
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
METHODOLOGY STUDY AREA Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
972,5 ha 4000 msnm 10,6°C 73% 694 mm
2000 msnm 8,2 °C 85,6% 981 mm
Andosoles CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
METHODOLOGY
Digital elevation model (DEM) 30 m
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
ArcGIS Hydrology Tool
ArcGIS
Define the micro-watersheds
Standard methods
Geometric
• • • •
Area (A) Perimeter (P) Watershed length (L) Others
Relief • • • •
Mean height (Ĥ) Basin relief (Br) Hypsometric integral (Hi) Others
PRIORITIZATION OF WATERSHEDS CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Drainage • • • •
Drainage density (Dd) Area density (Ad) Sinuosity (S) Others
RESULT DEM 30m Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
Geometric Hydrology • • • • •
Fill Flow direction Flow accumulation Watershed Stream orde (Strahler)
Relief
Drainage
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Parámetros
Ozogoche
Zula
Jubal
Pulpito
Area (km2)
149.97
268.16
429.66
168.46
Perimeter (km)
59.43
93.67
119.48
71.12
Watershed length (km)
15
17.60
33.25
22
Watershed width (km)
10.00
15.24
12.92
7.66
Length of main river (km)
20.60
25
46.8
29.7
Form factor
0.67
0.87
0.39
0.35
Compactness coefficient
1.37
1.61
1.63
1.55
Circularity index
0.53
0.38
0.38
0.42
Elongation Ratio
0.92
1.05
0.70
0.67
Maximum height (km)
4.585
4.431
4.635
4.637
Minimum height (km)
3.521
2.482
1.930
1.930
Mean height (km)
4.119
3.764
3.760
3.575
Watershed Relief (km)
1.064
1.949
2.705
2.707
Coefficient of massiveness
30.64
15.68
6.30
23.19
Hypsometric integral (%)
56
66
68
61
Stream order
V
V
IV
V
Stream lenght (km)
92.94
233.18
161.27
392.91
Lenght of main river (km)
20.59
24.96
46.81
29.74
Drainage density (km-1)
0.62
0.87
0.91
0.96
Stream frecuency (km-2)
1.66
1.93
2.66
2.67
Sinuosity
2.18
1.89
1.32
1.40
RESULT
Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017
Micro watershed Zula river
Micro watershed Ozogoche river
Micro watershed Jubal river
Micro watershed Pulpito river
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
RESULT
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
• • • •
The MWZ - MWO: Circular shape Greater number of rivers Areas with large plains Coefficient of compactness
Vulnerability to floods
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
RESULT
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
• • • • •
The MWP - MWJ: Oblong shape Relative elongation drainage density coefficient of compactness mountainous areas
Vulnerability to erosion
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
RESULT
MWJ and MWP
Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
Different species of paramo and endemic forest: • Melastomataceae • Lauracea • Myrtaceae High biodiversity Altitudinal variation
Low biodiversity Only paramo species • Asteráceas • Poáceas • Gramíneas CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
MWZ and MWO
RESULT HIPSOMETRIC CURVE Damián-Carrión, D. 2017
MWZ - MWJ – MWP The current stage of imbalance and erosion process is very high.
MWO Is finishing the young stage and is approaching equilibrium
4721
4930
4930
MWO
MWJ
4430
4430
3930
3930
4982 4482
3821
3521 0
50
100 Area
(km2)
CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
150
3430
2930
3430 2930
2430
1930
1930 100
200
300
Area (km2)
400
3982 3482 2982
2430
0
Elevation (m)
Elevacion (m)
Elevation (m)
Elevation (m)
4421
4121
MWZ
MWP
2482 0
60
120 Area (km2)
180
0
50
100
150
200
Area (km2)
250
300
CONCLUSIONS
Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017
Establish preferential areas for conservation work
Create control measures should be geared towards maintaining a sustainable dynamic
To train people for caring, preventing and preservation of micro-watersheds CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017 CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa
Thank you very much