7 damian carriond ponencia foromundialunigis 2017

MORPHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF MICROWATERSHEDS IN ACHUPALLAS PARISH, SANGAY NATIONAL PARK, ECUADOR USING GIS TECHNIQUES ISSN 2477-9105 ISSNp 1012-1617

Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Noviembre 2017

INDICE

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017 CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Introduction Problem Objective Study Area Methodology Results Conclusions

Cordillera of the Andes

INTRODUCTION

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

Extension

Altitude

High diversity

3.371 Km2

600 – 6.000 msnm

133 ecosystems

“Deforestation studies have focused on the Amazon basin; Nevertheless, mountain areas represent a significant percentage of South America” CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Armenteras, D. 2011

INTRODUCTION 300 Lagoons Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

Four large rivers • Pastaza • Santiago • Cañar • Chimbo

120 micro watersheds CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Ministerio del Ambiente

INTRODUCTION

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

Units of territory containing a common set of rivers draining into a main river

WATERSHEDS

• Pure water • Water for hydroelectric • Among others

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

PROBLEM

Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017

Methods of analysis to develop better planning

SOCIAL ENVIRONMENTAL

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

The lack of information to plan micro-watersheds I N T E R INTERACTION A C T I O N

INSTITUTIONAL

EDUCATION

OBJECTIVE

Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017

Determine the geomorphological factors that cause the vulnerability

Degree of vulnerability

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

METHODOLOGY STUDY AREA Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

972,5 ha 4000 msnm 10,6°C 73% 694 mm

2000 msnm 8,2 °C 85,6% 981 mm

Andosoles CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

METHODOLOGY

Digital elevation model (DEM) 30 m

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

ArcGIS Hydrology Tool

ArcGIS

Define the micro-watersheds

Standard methods

Geometric

• • • •

Area (A) Perimeter (P) Watershed length (L) Others

Relief • • • •

Mean height (Ĥ) Basin relief (Br) Hypsometric integral (Hi) Others

PRIORITIZATION OF WATERSHEDS CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Drainage • • • •

Drainage density (Dd) Area density (Ad) Sinuosity (S) Others

RESULT DEM 30m Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

Geometric Hydrology • • • • •

Fill Flow direction Flow accumulation Watershed Stream orde (Strahler)

Relief

Drainage

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Parámetros

Ozogoche

Zula

Jubal

Pulpito

Area (km2)

149.97

268.16

429.66

168.46

Perimeter (km)

59.43

93.67

119.48

71.12

Watershed length (km)

15

17.60

33.25

22

Watershed width (km)

10.00

15.24

12.92

7.66

Length of main river (km)

20.60

25

46.8

29.7

Form factor

0.67

0.87

0.39

0.35

Compactness coefficient

1.37

1.61

1.63

1.55

Circularity index

0.53

0.38

0.38

0.42

Elongation Ratio

0.92

1.05

0.70

0.67

Maximum height (km)

4.585

4.431

4.635

4.637

Minimum height (km)

3.521

2.482

1.930

1.930

Mean height (km)

4.119

3.764

3.760

3.575

Watershed Relief (km)

1.064

1.949

2.705

2.707

Coefficient of massiveness

30.64

15.68

6.30

23.19

Hypsometric integral (%)

56

66

68

61

Stream order

V

V

IV

V

Stream lenght (km)

92.94

233.18

161.27

392.91

Lenght of main river (km)

20.59

24.96

46.81

29.74

Drainage density (km-1)

0.62

0.87

0.91

0.96

Stream frecuency (km-2)

1.66

1.93

2.66

2.67

Sinuosity

2.18

1.89

1.32

1.40

RESULT

Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017

Micro watershed Zula river

Micro watershed Ozogoche river

Micro watershed Jubal river

Micro watershed Pulpito river

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

RESULT

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

• • • •

The MWZ - MWO: Circular shape Greater number of rivers Areas with large plains Coefficient of compactness

Vulnerability to floods

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

RESULT

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

• • • • •

The MWP - MWJ: Oblong shape Relative elongation drainage density coefficient of compactness mountainous areas

Vulnerability to erosion

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

RESULT

MWJ and MWP

Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

Different species of paramo and endemic forest: • Melastomataceae • Lauracea • Myrtaceae High biodiversity Altitudinal variation

Low biodiversity Only paramo species • Asteráceas • Poáceas • Gramíneas CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

MWZ and MWO

RESULT HIPSOMETRIC CURVE Damián-Carrión, D. 2017

MWZ - MWJ – MWP The current stage of imbalance and erosion process is very high.

MWO Is finishing the young stage and is approaching equilibrium

4721

4930

4930

MWO

MWJ

4430

4430

3930

3930

4982 4482

3821

3521 0

50

100 Area

(km2)

CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

150

3430

2930

3430 2930

2430

1930

1930 100

200

300

Area (km2)

400

3982 3482 2982

2430

0

Elevation (m)

Elevacion (m)

Elevation (m)

Elevation (m)

4421

4121

MWZ

MWP

2482 0

60

120 Area (km2)

180

0

50

100

150

200

Area (km2)

250

300

CONCLUSIONS

Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017

Establish preferential areas for conservation work

Create control measures should be geared towards maintaining a sustainable dynamic

To train people for caring, preventing and preservation of micro-watersheds CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Damiรกn-Carriรณn, D. 2017 CEEA-ESPOCH / UNACH / UVa

Thank you very much