DS5_1B_SiteAnalysis_MacroResearch

School Of Design & Environment

(Diploma inArchitecture)

DS5 FYPStage 1 Site ResearchAnalysis

SiteAnalysis Tanjong Pagar

Submitted by:

Edano Leslie Gelene Rebueno (S10219396C)

Honey Chia Han Ning (S10222552D)

Manimaran Rajaveni (S10222359E)

Melanie Tay Sin Ni (S10227371D)

Ong Lizhen Shenisse (S10219605C)

Sivakumar Mona (S10219175J)

MACRO RESEARCH

LOCATION OF THE REGION

LOCATION OF THE REGION AND THE TRAVEL DISTANCES

REGION CENTRAL

The Istana

Marina Bay Sands Hotel National University Hospital

Botanic Gardens

Sentosa

Gardens by the Bay

CBD Area includes planning areas such as Newton, Rochor, Marina East, Marina South, Straits View, Downtown Core, Outram, Singapore River, River Valley & Orchard

LOCATION OF THE DISTRICT IN CENTRAL SINGAPORE AND THE TRAVEL DISTANCES

REGION

Bukit Merah & Central Business District

Planning Area

Bukit Merah, Outram and Downtown Core

Bishan

Toa Payoh

Queenstown

Bukit Timah Tanglin Kallang CBD

Southern Islands

Novea

Geylang Marine Parade

Bukit Merah

Southpoint Singapore General Hospital

Singapore city Gallery

Marina Bay Sands

LOCATION OF THE SUB-ZONES OF DISTRICT AND THEIR TRAVEL DISTANCES

SUB ZONE

Everton Park, Tanjong Pagar, Chinatown

The Former Tanjong Pagar Railway Station Car Park

Yan Kit Road/ Yan Kit Playfield Guoco Tower (Shopping)

Oasia Tower

Pinnacle@Duxton

LOCATION OF THE GIVEN SITE AND THEIR TRAVEL DISTANCES

SITE 1 LOCATION

The Former Tanjong Pagar Railway Station Car Park

Tanjong Pagar Former Railway Station

Tanjong Pagar Plaza

Viaduct Toll Road

Spottis woode Park

Singapore Art Museum at Tanjong Pagar Distripark

LOCATION OF THE CHOSEN SITE AND THEIR TRAVEL DISTANCES

SITE 2 LOCATION

Yan Kit Road Site/ Yan Kit Playfield

Demographics at Everton Park

Gender (June 2020)

Age (June 2020)

Ethnics (June 2020)

Chinese Malay Indian

Other groups

According to the Singapore Department of Statistics as of June 2020, a total of 7810 people resides in Everton Park. With majority of them being 60 years and above. Out of the 7810 residents, 79.9% (6240) are Chinese, 10.4% (810) are Indians, 5.4% (420) are Malays and the least is of other ethnicities.

Demographics at Tanjong Pagar

Gender (June 2020)

Ethnics (June 2020)

Chinese

Malay

Indian

Other groups

According to the Singapore Department of Statistics as of June 2020, a total of 670 people resides in Everton Park. With majority of them being 15-39 years old. Out of the 670 residents, 74.6% (500) are Chinese, 16.4% (110) are of other ethnicities, 7.5% (50) are Indians and the least are the Malays.

Demographics at Chinatown Age (June 2020)

Gender (June 2020)

Ethnics (June 2020)

Chinese Malay

Indian

Other groups

According to the Singapore Department of Statistics as of June 2020, a total of 10,490 people resides in Everton Park. With majority of them being 40-59 years old. Out of the 10,490 residents, 83.7% (8780) are Chinese, 7.5% (790) are Indians, 5.4% (570)

are Malays and the least is of other ethnicities.

HISTORY OF TANJONG PAGAR PART 1

1) 16th Century

Originally called, Salinter the name Tanjong Pagar was founded, which translates to ‘cape of barricade’ that was inspired by a local legend of how a gifted boy placed barricades made of banana tree trunks along the beaches to nullify the threat of swordfishes that leaped from the waters to attack.

3) Early 18th Century

European owners bought and converted big plots of land into plantations which gave birth to new villages and settlements who were predominantly Hokkiens.

2) Late 17th Century

In its early days, Tanjong Pagar was inhabited mostly by Orang Laut (sea nomads) and Chinese agricultural workers working in nutmeg, gambier and fruit plantations.

4) Late 18th Century

Tanjong Pagar was recognised as a key asset to Singapore’s and Southeast Asia’ economic growth, with the development of the Keppel Harbour.

HISTORY OF TANJONG PAGAR PART 2

5) 1870 - 1880

There was a need for bigger port to cater to the burgeoning port activities. The natural deep harbour in Tanjong Pagar was surveyed, and wharves were built by various shipping and trading firms, which eventually saw the birth of New Harbour. New Harbour was renamed Keppel Harbour in honour of Henry Keppel, who had first brought the channel into use as a harbour.

7) 1900 - 1940

Tanjong Pagar also played a crucial role as a major transportation node. In 1903, the Jinrikisha Station was built at the junction of Neil Road and Tanjong Pagar Road, and served as the main depot for rickshaws In 1932, the Tanjong Pagar Railway Station was built on reclaimed land along Keppel Road.

6) 1880 - 1900

Tanjong Pagar became increasingly urbanised – hills such as Mount Wallich and Mount Palmer were levelled, roads improving access to town were laid. Rows of two and three-storey shophouses sprang up along Duxton, Tanjong Pagar and Neil roads.The areas around Anson, Tanjong Pagar, Maxwell, Cecil, Raffles Place, Phillip and Clifford Pier formed the planning zones of the traditional Central Business District.

8) 1940 - 1960

Tanjong Pagar was one of the electoral divisions contested in the 1955 general election to elect 25 out of 32 members in the Legislative Assembly. Lee Kuan Yew of the People's Action Party won the Tanjong Pagar seat in a three-cornered fight, securing the largest number of votes for a single candidate in the election. The first PAP branch was set up in Tanjong Pagar in June 1955, and was headquartered there between 1955 and 1957.

SHOPHOUSE TYPOLOGIES FOUND WITHIN PARCEL

ZONING

Commercial

Park

Utility

Open Space

Civic & Community Institution

Residencial w/ Commercial 1st storey

Residential

Residential w/commercial

Reserve site

Tanjong Pagar has a lot of commercial (skyscrapers , malls, office) and very little residential.

Solid-Void Plan

Tanjong Pagar has a relatively dense distribution of buildings, especially in regions with shophouses. The shophouses are arranged mostly in long continuous stretches, separated by minor roads. For residential areas, the void spaces are mainly made up of courtyards and neighbourhood parks within the medium-rise apartment buildings.

In the Tanjong Pagar district and specifically at Site Parcel 1, the main mono buildings are for commercial purposes, ranging from shophouses, multi-storey shopping complexes, hotels and offices.

The hybrid buildings, also known as mixed-use developments, are a range of residential and commercial buildings with varying heights, from low-rise buildings to high-rise apartment towers, with commercial at the

storey(s).

first

Mono Hybrid

1 Mono Low-rise Commercial Building 2 Hybrid Residential & Commercial Buildings

3 Mono High-rise Office Building 4 Mono Low-Rise Shophouses

Solar Analysis and Shadows Cast

Parcel - Macro Scale

Shadow Cast at 9am

Shadow Length: 22m for 20m Height

Shadow Cast at 12pm

Shadow Length: 2m for 20m Height

Shadow Cast at 3pm

Shadow Length: 23m for 20m Height

Shadow Cast at 6pm

Shadow Length: 47m for 20m Height

Site 2: Yan Kit Road Site

Site 1:

Former Tanjong Pagar Railway Station Car Park Spottise wood Park Road

Craig Road 50m 100m 150m 200m 0m

Road

Urban Section - 45 Degree Vertical Cut

Urban Section - 90 Degree Horizontal Cut Cuts through Site 1 only

Site 2: Yan Kit Road Site

Site 1:

Former Tanjong Pagar Railway Station Car Park Shenton Way

Tanjong Pagar

CONNECTIVITY Road Network

Legend

Primary Roads

ControlledAccess

Highways Highways

Secondary Roads

Arterial Roads

Local Roads

Gate Counts for the Entire Parcel

CONNECTIVITY

Public Transport Network

Legend

Mrt

Station Bus Stop

Cycle Path

East-West Line

Thomson-East Coast Line Downtown Line

Tanjong Pagar has a variety of transportation options, which improves both internal and external communication. Tanjong Pagar MRT is the closest MRT to Tanjong Pagar. There are 27 bus stops in Tanjong Pagar, which facilitates both inbound and outbound travel. Additionally, it is one of the more cost-effective ways for people to commute frequently. Commuters also ride bicycles, although occasionally veer off the course and take the simpler rouges.

TRAFFIC FLOW

Weekdays

Heavy Traffic

Average Traffic

Light Traffic

7am 2pm

8pm

The roads in and surrounding Tanjong Pagar experience an average amount of traffic during the workweek since key routes like Anson Road, Shenton Way, and Tanjong Pagar Road connect Tanjong Pagar to other regions and are used by people at all hours of the day for work, rest, and pleasure. Only a few roadways have varying levels of traffic volume throughout the day.

TRAFFIC FLOW

Weekends

Heavy Traffic

Average Traffic

Light Traffic

8pm 7am

Weekends experience more morning traffic because there are more people traveling through, which results in more congestion on the roads in and surrounding Tanjong Pagar. However, as average people visit/pass through Tanjong Pagar and its shophouses on the weekends for casual activities like shopping and café-hopping, eating, and so on, the traffic flow begins to get average later in the day and at night.

KEY ROADS

Keppel Viaduct (Toll Road)

The viaduct was completed in 1983 and is regarded as part of the Ayer Rajah Expressway. It is located in the Tanjong Pagar sub-zone of the Bukit Merah Planning Area Within Singapore’s Central Region.

The Keppel Viaduct is an elevated highway in downtown Singapore. It connects the Marina

Coastal Expressway in the east with the Ayer Rajah Expressway, at the interchange with the Central Expressway in the west.

It is also the vital link between Singapore’s town business centre and industrial and commercial activities in the west coast.

KeppelViaduct

KEY ROADS

165 Tanjong Pagar Road

Tanjong Pagar Road was officially opened on 2 July 1892 by then Governor of the Straits Settlements, Cecil Clementi Smith. It became one of the main thoroughfares for the transportation of goods between the docks and godowns along the Singapore River.

Along the stretch of Tanjong Pagar Road, there is a semi-circle portion of road where it used to be called Cheng Cheok Street. As the street is the shape of a semicircle and both ends connected to Tanjong Pagar Road, it was eventually renamed as part of Tanjong Pagar Road. On this stretch, there used to be pre-war shophouses before it was demolished and Tanjong Pagar Plaza, a commercial complex, was built over the original site.

TanjongPagarRoad

KEY ROADS 267 Cantonment Road

“Cantonment” is a term for military quarters and Cantonment Road got its name from the contingent of Indian sepoys stationed here in 1819.

The road is located directly on the boundary between Bukit Merah and the Central Area PAs of Outram and the Downtown Core in Singapore. The road starts at its junction with Outram Road, Eu Tong Sen Street and New Bridge Road in the north and ends at its junction with Keppel Road in the south. It is intersected by the arterial Neil Road.

CantonmentRoad

KEY ROADS

168 Robinson Road

Robinson Road is a major trunk road in Singapore's Central Area that stretches from Maxwell Road to Finlayson Green and is named afterward Sir William Cleaver Francis Robinson, the Governor of the Straits Settlements in 1877–1879.

Robinson Road was built on reclaimed land after the 1879 Telok Ayer reclamation project, but its distance from the sea has increased as more land was reclaimed subsequently.

This allowed for the road to be widened and converted into a one-way street to accommodate the rise in traffic flow pending massive urban development. Today, it is flanked on both sides by major wildlife to several buildings, including Robinson Centre and Robinson Point.

RobinsonRoad

KEY BUILDINGS

Guoco Tower

Tanjong Pagar Centre, alternatively known as Guoco Tower, is currently the tallest of the skyscrapers in Singapore. Guoco Tower resides at the intersection of several prominent neighbourhoods in Singapore.

Sited amid the Central Business District, the historic Chinatown, and rapidly developing neighborhoods to the south and east, the tower marks a gateway to the waterfront city.

Guoco Tower blends Singapore’s business district with its cultural heritage, and the massing of the buildings respond directly to this aspiration. The tower rises adjacently to the business district, responding to the neighborhood’s scale, while the hotel steps down toward the scale of the historic Chinatown—bridging the gap between old and new.

KEY BUILDINGS

Jinrikisha Station

The Jinricksha (rickshaw) was introduced to Singapore in 1880. Affordable and easily available, it quickly became a ubiquitous mode of transport. By the early 1900s, numerous rickshaws were plying Singapore’s street. As a result, the Jinricksha Station was set up as a main depot around 1903-04. Featuring long pilasters and a square tower with an octagonal cupola, the building became a distinctive landmark in the area.

Following the 1947 ban on rickshaws in Singapore, the building was used for several other purposes, such as a family-planning clinic, before it was gazetted in 1987 as part of the Tanjong Pagar conservation area.

As a conserved building with architectural heritage, the Jinrikisha Station also serves as a reminder to Singaporeans of the sacrifices made by early immigrants such as the rickshaw pullers.

KEY BUILDINGS

Maxwell Food Centre

Maxwell Food Centre started as a wet market in 1929 dealing mainly with fresh produce. During the Japanese Occupation, the market housed a government co-operative store that controlled certain types of wholesale and retail trade.

After the war, it also acted as the primary site for the first Family Restaurant, a cheap meal programme that sold food for 8 cents a plate.

The wet market was converted into a food centre in 1987, housing hawkers who were relocated from China Square. Now, the Maxwell Food Centre has become a mainstay in Singapore’s hawker culture, known for its cheap and delicious fare as well as traditional dishes that were rarely found elsewhere.

ACTIVITIES - PROGRAMMES

Formal

Chingay 2023 @ Tanjong Pagar: Heartland Celebrations

Chingay @ Heartland offers comprehensive and exciting Chingay programs to engage audiences, bringing residents together through the lively spirit of multiculturalism, youth, and the showcasing of community arts.

SingaporeArt Week Events 2023: S.E.AFocus, Tanjong Pagar

The Everyday Museum at Tanjong Pagar Distripark

Singapore’s first Digital Garage at Tanjong Pagar Community Club

S.E.A. Focus is a renowned venue for the arts that brings together a good selection of galleries and artists to present Southeast Asian modern art. S.E.A. Focus is a renowned venue for the arts that brings together a good selection of galleries and artists to present SoutheastAsian modern art.

The Everyday Museum, a platform for creative production and experimentation where every area is a cultural space made for and with communities, is committed to fostering artistic practice in the public realm.

Assistance from Home-Fix D.I.Y., Microsoft, NCS Pte Ltd, and Singapore Polytechnic, offers maker-related instruments such power drills, glue guns, and 3D printers. More significantly, it acts as a hub for people to interact, learn, experiment, and exchange concepts for future technological endeavors.

ACTIVITIES - PROGRAMMES

Informal - Food Culture

Maxwell Food Centre Rooftop Bar

Row of Korean Restaurants, also known as ‘Little Korea’

Cake Spade Cafe

Kko Kko Nara Korean BBQ, for midnight foodies

Jekyll & Hyde, for midnight chill spots

ACTIVITIES - PROGRAMMES

Informal - Street Life, Lifestyle

shophouses & heritage buildings

Active Lifestyle, cycling around parks and using open areas for celebrations such as National Day

Wall Murals along the walls of

ACTIVITIES - PROGRAMMES

Informal - Religious

Praying at Seng Wong BeoTemple

Muslim Prayers at Masjid Jamae Chulia

Mosque

PooThor Jee BuddhistTemple

Sri MariammanTemple

ACTIVITIES - PROGRAMMES

Informal - Religious

Discover Tanjong Pagar Community Green

- A space for people to gather and for kids to have fun.

- Made from repurposed tree logs

- Seating areas are also available for adults even tho it still lacks shade around the playground area

- Space is pet-friendly, effort in place making and also a family-friendly spot.

Tanjong Pagar gives back movement

- One of nine precincts selected to participate in the Urban Redevelopment Authority’s (URA) pilot Business District Improvement (BID) programme.

- Designed to involve the community in projects, partnerships and activities that give back to society.

ETHNIC ASSOCIATION

The Peranakan Association Of Singapore

- Charged with the mission of preserving promoting Peranakan culture.

- Activities are ran by a committee of volunteers and primarily funded by donations.

Culture and Education Association of Singapore

-

Non-profit organisation agency approved by Singapore

Ministry of Home Affairs

- Purpose of CEAS is to let the world understand Singapore’s open, independent and diverse national culture and advanced educational concepts.

COMMERCE

An historic district located within the Central Business District. The area once covered with mangroves and stakes used by fisherman to mark their fishing boundaries. The once sleepy fishing village has been transformed into a vibrant business and commercial centre, just 40 years after the founding of modern Singapore. For the first half of the 19th Century, the early settlers were focused on agricultural activities. These agricultural pursuits attracted men to work on plantations as labourers. As a result, many villages began sprouting into Tanjong Pagar.

In the second half of the 19th century, Tanjong Pagar’s true importance was only realised after the development of the Keppel Harbour and the shipping industry went into overdrive. The port was transformed into a major shipping hub and today is one of the world’s most modern port with the latest infrastructure.

As Singapore continues to progress and grow as a modern city state, the reliance of Tanjong Pagar’s Keppel Harbour as a key economic source diminished over the years while new sectors such as industrial, banking, healthcare, services and technology took, prominence.

These days Tanjong Pagar is seen more as both a cultural and commercial center. Some of the hippest and trendiest restaurants, pubs and cafes line the sidewalks along Tanjong Pagar Road, but the famed Tanjong Pagar Plaza Market and Food Centre remains one of the most iconic and important landmark within the district.

INSIGHTS

Tanjong Pagar houses a wide variety of building typologies, ranging from mono, single-use buildings and hybrid, mixed developments, to low-rise shophouses then medium- to high-rise apartment and office buildings. This diversity in building typology creates for a unique cityscape, filled with heritage and value.

Since Tanjong Pagar has a relatively dense distribution of buildings, the area is easily accessible by foot, people can easily get from place to place by walking, especially with the shelter provided by shophouses from the sun.

Although located in the CBD, Tanjong Pagar provides people with the experience of SIngapore’s heritage then and now.

Gentrification occurs often around the vicinity, but fortunately the culture and heritage is still preserved, for instance the exterior facade of shophouses.