A Home for The Children of the Stars

Design thesis studio 09: Design for Neurodiversity Tutor: Andrew Martel, Kirsten Day

A Home for The Children of the Stars Thesis journal

Minjie Liang, 1010618 March- June, 2021 Melbourne School of Design, University of Melbourne

Contents 1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal Background Thesis statement Australian context History of housing for disabled people Persona Design challenge Precedent study Preliminary design brief Apartment analysis Design guide Project site

2.0 Concept Design Developed design brief What is ‘home’ Massing development Functional zoning

3.0 Sketch Design Precedent Functional zoning

Axometric diagrams Functional zoning Plans Renders

4.0 Developed Design 5.0 Final Design Self Reflection Appendix

Preliminary thesis proposal

1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal 02. Detailing the client 03. Identifying the design challenge 04. Precedent studies 05. Apartment analysis

Framing the design thesis statement through preliminary research.

Design thesis studio 09

01.Finding the issue

BACKG

Preliminary thesis proposal

Children with a ingly called “c stars” in a docu

by Alexander Ha tism spectrum d considered a “h ty. It can go und is not a conditio by a person’s p ance, most com children and y Individuals wit trum often incu tional, and econ es and discrimi most common t ties experienced fitting in sociall ficulties, and c difficulties.

1. Haase, A. (Writer). (2007). The Children of the Stars. In. China.

2. Michelle (Shelly) Dival, H., Jaz. (2019). Different Buildings for Different Minds : A Churchill Fellowship Report.

6

(Figure 1. B

ROUND

Design thesis studio 09

autism are lovchildren of the umentary filmed aase.1 ASD (Audisorder) is often hidden” disabilidiagnosed, and it on recognizable physical appearmmonly found in young people.2 thin this specur social, educanomic challengination, and the types of difficuld for them were ly, learning difcommunication

Background)

7

8

Preliminary thesis proposal

1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal 02. Detailing the client 03. Identifying the design challenge 04. Precedent studies

Design thesis studio 09

01.Finding the issue

05. Apartment analysis

Examing the existing condition and finding the issue.

9

THESIS ST

Preliminary thesis proposal

Recent evidence showed that ASD is lifelong and incurable, and it appears to be caused by complicated genetic and environmental interactions, effective interventions are also limited.3 As estimated, 78% of people with autism also show sensory sensitivity to their surroundings.

10

The built environment provides the majority of sensory input, such as light, acoustics, textures, colours, spatial configurations, ventilation etc. By manipulating the design of the environment we can manipulate these important sensory input.4 Designing and adapting the built sensory environment with individuals on the spectrum to their community will have a positive effect on their lives.5

3. Rodger, J. A. J. Z. S. (Sept 2008). Sensory Processing and Classroom Emotional, Behavioral, and Educational Outcomes in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 62, 564-573. 2. Michelle (Shelly) Dival, H., Jaz. (2019).

4. Quirk, V. (October 09, 2013). An Interview with Magda Mostafa: Pioneer in Autism Design. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily. com/435982/an-interview-with-magda-mostafa-pioneer-in-autism-design 5.Michelle (Shelly) Dival, H., Jaz. (2019). Different Buildings for Different Minds : A Churchill Fellowship Report. Retrieved from https://static1. squarespace.com/static/5a88ab00f43b552a84c3b7c9/t/5ef5d18ff76c126274b77ed4/1593168335999/Churchill+Report+-+Dival+-+Final+For+internet+with+testimonials+03_12_19.pdf

(Figure 2. Th

TATEMENT

Design thesis studio 09

This housing project will focus on how the created environment can enhance the building users’ experience by introducing the sensory sensitivity strategies for children or young teenagers with autism who need moderate/low support needs, and to free their sensory network of unnecessary traffic and sensory noise from the surrounding environment, and make those fleeting moments where they can communicate, respond, learn and interact. In addition, it will include supportive and transitional educational programs and others to help neurodiverse children to live more independently, and have fewer barriers when they grow up, and blend in the society.

hesis statement)

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HISTORY OF HOUSING FOR DISABLED PEOPLE In Victoria, before the 1980s, most people with disabilities or autism living in the institution, which is a caring organization that allows 15 to 300 people to live in a place for each institution. One of these most famous examples are Yarra Bend Asylum, Kew Lunatic Asylum, Mont Park.

Preliminary thesis proposal

After the 1980s, because of the unpleasant living environment, and also some related movement of thought struck globally, most institutions had to close down. With the closure of large institutions in the 1990s, the focus moved to establish smaller, community-based homes where people with intellectual disability would be able to play a part in community life.6

HOUSING FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITY TIMELINE PAST

Institution

Yarra Bend Asylum, Melbourne

1848

Kew Lunatic Asylum ( Willsmere), Melbourne

1871

Mont Park Hospital, Melbourne

1912

1943

AUTISM DIA

Leo Kanner de condition calle “Kanner Cond (later re-name Infantile Autis

(Figure 3. Timeline of housing fo

12

6. Ross Coverdale, L. H., Rani Smale. (2020). International housing and support models. Retrieved from https://www.araluen.org/araluen-annual-report-2020/

Meanwhile, the government started to provides residential services called group homes, which is formerly known as Community Residential Unit (CRU). They were created as the standard model of disability housing to fill the void left by institutions. However this approach is still not the best solution because one size does not fit all.6

(Most of institutions closed down during 1980s)

New way to live?

Institution for Disability, Australia

Greenwich, Fairfield

A Family Group Home, Australia

1980

1960

FUTURE A Home of Their Own?

NDIS /SDA

Deinstitulionalized

CRU

1990

2013

2017

Design thesis studio 09

With the establishment of the National Disability Insurance Scheme (NDIS) in2013, a large amount of the fund was used to build and create an innovative living environment for people with disabilities or autism, and this act provides the opportunity for them to live in their own homes, in a place where their decisions and choices are respected, where they can choose who they want to live with.

2018

AGNOSIS TIMELINE

escribed a ed dition” ed “Early sm”)

Autism was added to the DSM3 diagnostic manual for diagnosis of a new disorder as “Infantile Autism”

DSM5 published

Australian guidelines for DSM5 released

or disabled people in Australia)

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AUSTRALIAN CONTEXT

As research shown, there

164,000

Australians had autism in

2015, and 83% of Australians with autism were aged under 25. 7

“Autism prevalence rate up by an estimated 40% from 1 in 100,

Preliminary thesis proposal

which was reaching 1 in 70 people in Australia on the spectrum.8 It is a lifelong condition and there is no cure.”

(Figure 4. Chart of age group of autistic people)

The chart shows that ASD was most prevalent among children aged 5 to 14 in 2009, 2012 and 2015, reflecting the general increase in diagnosis for school age children. This group has also experienced the greatest increase over time, though prevalence has increased across all age groups between 2009 and 2015. (AIHW, 2017)

7. AIHW. (2017). Autism in Australia. Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/disability/autism-in-australia/contents/autism 8. (Aspect), A. S. A. (11 July 2018). Autism prevalence rate up by an estimated 40% to 1 in 70 people. Retrieved from https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/news/autism-prevalence-rate-up-by-an-estimated-40-to-1-in-70-people-11-07-2018#:~:text=Autism%20Spectrum%20Australia%20 (Aspect)%20has,increase%20or%20around%20353%2C880%20people.

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NDIS

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 5. Disabled people current living conditon)

The NDIS is rolling out across trial sites and will eventually assist 460,000 people. By 2020, it is thought that there will be 122,000 NDIS participants without affordable housing, the lack of suitable housing remains a major stumbling block for the scheme.9 Having said that, there are huge wait lists, too many young people in nursing homes and growing numbers of older parents despairing what will happen to their children when they can’t care for them anymore.

9. Counts, E. A. (Feb 2015). Housing: the big sleeper. Retrieved from https:// everyaustraliancounts.com.au/ndis-housing-big-sleeper/

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USER GROUP

Child

Children w need low/mode

Long stay

Rent Co-live

Proj

Parents Parents of autistic children whho need help and extra care for their children.

Period stay

Stud

Young enrolled te who need low su live away w 16

dren

with autism erate supports.

Live

Manage

ject

Support

Support organization Live

Working staff managing the apartment and providing the support.

dents

eenager students upport but don’t with parents.

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Preliminary thesis proposal

1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal 02. Detailing the client 03. Identifying the design challenge 04. Precedent studies

Design thesis studio 09

01.Finding the issue

05. Apartment analysis 06. Project site

Acknowledging the real life of people with autism through the persona exercise.

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Preliminary thesis proposal

PERSONA

(Figure 7. Vincent)

+Vincent.

17 years old, He is a college student, and he is verbal but has moderate communication difficulties and a restricted ability to understand people’s words but he is eager to have more friends. His parents are worried about his future life as he would be an adult soon, they hope he can live fully independently but he still needs low life support.

He is keen on animals, and he can spend the whole day watching animal documentaries . His biggest hobby is going to the park near his place to have bird observation.

Similar to most neurodiverse people, he is sensitive to bright light and noise, but exceptionally, he is obsessive in listening to birds singing, he has a good memory of bird species, he can tell the specific species of the bird after hearing its sounds. He even records the sounds of birds, and when he has a meltdown, he plays the record to help himself to relieve the tension and anxiety.

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PERSONA

+Phoebe.

13 years old, She is almost non-verbal, and has communication difficulties, she needs moderate support from her parents. Most of the time she likes to stay alone or hide.

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 8. Phoebe)

She went to primary school but dropped halfway at age 10 because of the learning difficulties and she doesn’t like the studying environment at school such as all kinds of noise. Since she left school, she stays at home, her parents have changed their jobs many times in the purpose that one of them can stay at home to look after her in turns.

She has a sharp sight and a good sense of colour, in her spare time, she likes to do painting and drawing, mostly about some daily trivia happening between her and Alexa, her fictional friend in her brain. Occasionally she goes to the park with the whole family but actually, she doesn’t like to leave the house.

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PERSONA

Preliminary thesis proposal

A Day of Sensory Experience

(Figure 9. A day of s

Design thesis studio 09

sensory experience)

This diagram shows a day of the sensory experience of the siblings. From the diagram, we can see that they have a very different scheme and sensory experiences: the brother has more intention of receiving the external message and noise such as learning the cooking and watching TV, while the younger sister tends more to stay alone and escape from the noise.

Preliminary thesis proposal

1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal 02. Detailing the client 03. Identifying the design challenge 04. Precedent studies 05. Framing the design brief 06. Project site

Recognizing the design challenge from both macro scale and micro scale.

Design thesis studio 09

01.Finding the issue

DESIGN CHALLENGE

Preliminary thesis proposal

“If you met one person with autism, you met one person with autism.”

(Figure 10. The starry sky)

There is no single set of characteristics for those on the spectrum, just like there are no same stars in our universe. Each has varying degrees of difficulty with social situations, verbal and nonverbal communication, and repetitive behaviors.10 This contrast is also demonstrated by Vincent and Phoebe, even though they are neurodiverse and biological siblings, the particularly required surroundings for them are different, which is the main challenge in the design.

10. Sherry Ahrentzen, K. S. (May 11, 2016). How do you design a home for someone with autism? Retrieved from https://theconversation.com/how-do-you-design-a-home-for-someone-with-autism-57033 26

Macro scale How to select the right neighborhood and where will this project be sitting, and what are the critical factors that will be considered? (such as grocery store, public transportation, medical facilities, public park, etc.)

How do we approach to autism-firendly design if we don’t know what works?

Design thesis studio 09

Every individual autistic people have different sensory reactions to the surroundings, when incorporating the sensory sensitivity strategies into the design, what is the most suitable solution for this situation?

Micro scale What does circulation mean in a building designed for autistic people since they are hard to understand spatial sequence, and how to interpret or enhance it with sensory sensitivity strategies, or any other architecture strategies(eg. buffer zone)?

How much space is needed for the resident with autism in each living unit? Do they need extra space for relief from stress or escape or hide? How many different sets of layouts should be considered?

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Preliminary thesis proposal

1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal 02. Detailing the client 03. Identifying the design challenge 04. Precedent studies

Design thesis studio 09

01.Finding the issue

05. Apartment analysis 06. Project site

Extract some the useful findings by investigating three different types of precedents.

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PRECEDENT STUDY First Place, Phoenix, Arizona, RSP Architects

Preliminary thesis proposal

First Place is a four-storey cutting-edge intentional community and mixed-use building for people with neurodiversity or disabilities.

(Figure 11. First place)

It includes 55 private apartments with a wide variety of unit layouts, as well as recreation spaces, relaxation spaces, and common area spaces. It aims to maximize the independence of every resident by providing individualized supports ranging from life skills, employment, community life and health & wellness.11

11. Andrea Whitsett, A. C.-D., Chrissie Bausch,Pooja Paode, Hye Rin Yoon, Audrey Cleaver,Alex Tam,. (December 2020.). A Place in the World. Retrieved from https://www.firstplaceaz.org/a-place-in-the-world/

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PRECEDENT STUDY First Place, Phoenix, Arizona, RSP Architects Ground Floor Zoning

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 12. Floor plan of First Place)

It offers residents a suite of supports and various amenities, including a sports pool, culinary teaching kitchen, game room, fitness room and LEGO lounge. In addition, it is home to the First Place Transition Academy, Its combined setting of the apartment and educational programs and other supporting amenities, which gives the users a more flexible and convenient space between studying and living.12

12. First Place Apartment. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.firstplaceaz.org/apartments/overview/

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PRECEDENT STUDY First Place, Phoenix, Arizona, RSP Architects

Preliminary thesis proposal

Second Floor Zoning

(Figure 13. Floor plan of First Place)

First place provides a wide range of different layouts of living units that include 4-bedroom, 2-bedroom, and one bedroom. 4B suites are designated for those years 1 enrolled students and are located on the ground floor because it is closer to the communal transition program area where has a more open and public environment. Starting above, each floor has twelve 1-B suites and four 2-B suits, they are prepared for other residents who finish the year 1 transitional program.12

12. First Place Apartment. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.firstplaceaz.org/apartments/overview/

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PRECEDENT STUDY First Place, Phoenix, Arizona, RSP Architects 1B Living Unit Layout

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 14. Floor plan of One bedroom suite A)

(Figure 15. Floor plan of One bedroom suite B)

33

PRECEDENT STUDY First Place, Phoenix, Arizona, RSP Architects

Preliminary thesis proposal

2B Living Unit Layout

(Figure 16. Floor plan of two bedroom suite A)

(Figure 17. Floor plan of two bedroom suite B)

34

PRECEDENT STUDY First Place, Phoenix, Arizona, RSP Architects 4B Living Unit Layout

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 18. Floor plan of Four bedroom suite A)

(Figure 19. Floor plan of Four bedroom suite B)

35

PRECEDENT STUDY

Preliminary thesis proposal

New Struan Centre for Autism, Scotland, Aitken Turnbull

(Figure 20. New Struan Centre for Autism)

Opened in 2005, New Struan is one of the most advanced centre in the world for the education of children with autism. The school was designed by Aitken Turnbull architect Andrew Lester, whose daughter has autism, with the Scottish Autism Society. 13

13. Turnbull, A. A CENTRE FOR AUTISM - NEW STRUAN. Retrieved from https://www.aitken-turnbull.co.uk/project/ centre-autism-new-struan/#:~:text=New%20Struan%20is%20an%20independent,Spectrum%20Disorder%20in%20Central%20 Scotland.&text=Opened%20in%202005%2C%20New%20Struan,education%20of%20children%20with%20autism.

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PRECEDENT STUDY

New Struan Centre for Autism, Scotland, Aitken Turnbull

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 21. The atrium in New Struan Centre for Autism)

Children with autism are sensory sensitive and many feel extremely uncomfortable in fluorescent lit rooms.The ‘Gull wing’ roof has been developed to encourage as much natural light as possible into the building. The pointed centre of the ‘gull wing’ forms a glazed atrium that runs the length of the buildings and floods the space with brilliant sunlight.14 14. Henry, C. N. (October 19, 2011). Designing for Autism: Lighting. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/177293/ designing-for-autism-lighting

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PRECEDENT STUDY

Preliminary thesis proposal

New Struan Centre for Autism, Scotland, Aitken Turnbull

(Figure 22. Classroom in New Struan Centre for Autism)

Children with autism are sensory sensitive and many feel extremely uncomfortable in fluorescent lit rooms. Bringing natural daylight into the school was therefore important to encourage development in a safe and stimulating environment. The classroom design also incorporates clerestory lighting, with a sun breaker which diffuses direct sunlight, throwing it up onto the ceiling. 14

14. Henry, C. N. (October 19, 2011). Designing for Autism: Lighting. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/177293/ designing-for-autism-lighting

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PRECEDENT STUDY

sensoryPLAYSCAPE, Michigan, Sean Ahlquist Social Sensory Architectures is an on-going research project led by Sean Ahlquist at the University of Michigan to design technology-embedded multi-sensory environments for children with ASD.

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 23. sensoryPLAYSCAPE )

They are focusing on how to create therapeutic structures for children with ASD. One example is sensoryPLAYSCAPE, a tactile architecture-for-autism environment that does much more than offer visitors a pleasing and diverse haptic experience: It’s a form of therapy for kids like Sean’s 7-year-old daughter Ara, who has autism spectrum disorder (ASD).15

15. Sean Ahlquist, C. C., Dale Ulrich, Leah Ketcheson. (2015). Tactile interfaces and environments for developing motor skills and social interaction in children with autism. Retrieved from http://www.materialarchitectures.com/social-sensory/

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PRECEDENT STUDY

Preliminary thesis proposal

sensoryPLAYSCAPE, Michigan, Sean Ahlquist

(Figure 24. Ara playing with the sensoryPLAYSCAPE )

It is a prototype tent-like pavilion made of tensile fabric stretched over rods to create an immersive environment. Responding to touch, sounds are triggered, and 2D imagery is projected onto the fabric’s surface, as if on a screen.

This visually demonstrates the connection between motor skills and auditory and visual feedback, helping children with autism adjust the amounts of force appropriate to apply at a given movement—a common issue among those on the autism spectrum.15

15. MORTICE, Z. (DEC 6 2016). Architecture for Autism Could Be a Breakthrough for Kids With ASD. Retrieved from https:// redshift.autodesk.com/architecture-for-autism/

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PRELIMINARY DESIGN BRIEF

What to do in the next stage?

Primary User Group

Children/ young teenage (under 18 years) with neurodiversuty or autism

Secondadry User Group

Co-living family member of neurodiverse users, Volunteers/ Assistant working staff

Apartment (30-40 Units)

Mid-rise mixed-use apartmet

Development Type

Design thesis studio 09

Residential Unit Type

Support Needs

No support need, low support, moderate support

Lifestyle

Active-living community, intentional community

Supportive Amenities

Community life, Health and fitness activities, Life-skills training,

Resident assistant, Housekeeping service

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Preliminary thesis proposal

1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal 02. Detailing the client 03. Identifying the design challenge 04. Precedent studies

Design thesis studio 09

01.Finding the issue

05. Apartment analysis 06. Project site

Studying and evaluating two different apartments through qualitative analysis and quantitive analysis.

43

APARTMENT ANALYSIS First Place, Phoenix, Arizona /RSP Architects First Place–Phoenix, 3001 N 3rd St, Phoenix, AZ 85012, United States

5

1

4

Preliminary thesis proposal

2

3

(Figure 24. Ara playing with the sensoryPLAYSCAPE )

1. Support group (disability attorneys) 2. Medical group pharmacy

3. Residential area (flat house) 4. Apartment cluster

5. Recreation (golf club)

Through the vicinity of its location, some criteria of site selection can be found as listing: • • • • • 44

Medical facilities: It is very close to a medical pharmacy center that has urgent care.

Public transportation: the nearest bus stop is 300m away (2 mins walk).

Support group: the social security disability is next to the site.

Noise interruption: corner apartment, adjacent to residential area.

Open space/park: a big golf park one block away.

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 25. First Place Apartment )

45

APARTMENT ANALYSIS First Place, Phoenix, Arizona /RSP Architects One-bedroom suite Bedroom

Living room Bedroom

Living room Bathroom

Preliminary thesis proposal

Kitchen

WH N

1.5m

0m 0.5m

3.5m

Total area: 69.1m2

Kitchen

Habitable area: Circulation area

35.8m2

51.8%

11.4m2

12.3%

Service area

21.9m2

35.9%

16.5%

51.8%

11.4m2

35.8m2

Living room

59.2%

31.7% 21.9m2 Bedroom

21.2m2 Kitchen

44.3%

14.6m2 Bathroom

9.7m2

0%

Bathroom

46

25%

40.8%

38.4%

Storage 13.7% Laundry 3.6%

8.4m2

50%

3.0m2

75%

0.8m2

100%

WH N 1.5m 0m Quantitative Analysis

1

0.5m

1

3.5m

Total area: 69.1m2 35.8m2

51.8%

Circulation area

11.4m2

12.3%

Service area

21.9m2

35.9%

Habitable area:

16.5%

51.8%

11.4m2

35.8m2

Living room

59.2%

31.7% 21.9m2

40.8%

Bedroom

21.2m2 Kitchen

14.6m2

44.3%

Bathroom

9.7m2

Storage 13.7% Laundry 3.6%

8.4m2

25%

3.0m2

50%

75%

0.8m2

100%

Qualitative Analysis 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Physical Disability

100%

Design thesis studio 09

0%

38.4%

Social Interaction Public VS Private Adaptability Carers Access Noisy spaces VS Calm spaces Sight lines Optimum Orientation

Summary • • • •

Score: 21/40

All areas are easily accessible due to spacious circulation space for people with disabilities or wheelchairs.

The kitchen and bathroom are looked through if there is someone coming to visit.

Even though there are both windows in the living room and bedroom, their size may not guarantee enough sunlight and good ventilation.

The living room and bedroom are separated by an internal wall but can still be heard.

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APARTMENT ANALYSIS First Place, Phoenix, Arizona /RSP Architects Two-bedroom suite Bedroom

Living room

Living room

Bedroom

WH

Bathroom

Preliminary thesis proposal

Bedroom Bathroom

1.5m

0m

N

0.5m

3.5m

Total area: 100.3m2

Kitchen

Habitable area: Circulation area

53.7m2

53.5%

14.8m2

14.8%

Service area

31.8m2

31.7%

14.8%

53.5%

14.8m2

53.7m2

Living room

38.2%

31.7% 31.8m2 Bedroom

Kitchen

30.5% 9.7m2

0%

Bathroom

25%

49.9%

Dining 20.5%

26.8m2

20.5m2

48

Kitchen

Dining area

Bathroom

37.1% 11.8m2

50%

6.4m2 Storage

29.9%

Laundry

9.5m2

0.8m2

75%

100%

2.5%

Bedroom Bathroom

Quantitative Analysis 1.5m

0m

N

2

2

0.5m

3.5m

Total area: 100.3m2 53.7m2

53.5%

Circulation area

14.8m2

14.8%

Service area

31.8m2

31.7%

Habitable area:

14.8%

53.5%

14.8m2

53.7m2

Living room

38.2%

31.7% 31.8m2 Bedroom

30.5%

37.1%

Bathroom

9.7m2

6.4m2 Storage

11.8m2

25%

50%

29.9%

Laundry

9.5m2

0.8m2

75%

2.5%

100%

Qualitative Analysis 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Physical Disability

100%

Design thesis studio 09

0%

Dining 20.5%

26.8m2

20.5m2 Kitchen

49.9%

Social Interaction Public VS Private Adaptability Carers Access Noisy spaces VS Calm spaces Sight lines Optimum Orientation

Summary • • • •

Score: 28/40

There are some turning corners in the circulation area therefore people with disabilities or wheelchairs may be not able to walk through.

Private spaces are not overlooked from public space.

All habitable areas have reasonably big windows that allow good sunlight, especially in the living room.

Two bedrooms are separated by living rooms and have guaranteed privacy.

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APARTMENT ANALYSIS Aster Jackson Green, Melbourne / DKO Architects Orchid St, Clayton South VIC 3169

1

Preliminary thesis proposal

2

4

3

1. Clayton station 2. Clay shopping mall

3. Keeley park 4. Manufacture company

Through the vicinity of its location, some criteria of site selection can be found as listing: • • • •

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Medical facilities: Monash Medical Centre a short 5-minute drive.

Public transportation: Clayton Station and Clayton Plaza a 10-minute walk.

Recreation: Village Cinemas, Woolworths and Childcare a 7-minute drive.

Open space/park: Located directly opposite Jackson Green’s central park and recreational hub with a dog park.

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 26. Aster Jackson Green Apartment / DKO Architects )

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APARTMENT ANALYSIS Aster Jackson Green, Melbourne / DKO Architects One-bedroom suite Bedroom Balcony

Bedroom

Living room Preliminary thesis proposal

Living room

Dining area Bathroom

Kitchen

Kitchen N

1.5m

0m 0.5m

3.5m

Total area: 62.3m2 (Excl car park)

Bathroom

Habitable area:

25.6m2

41.1%

Internal

44.3m2

61.5%

Circulation area

4.7m2

7.5%

Baclcony

18.0m2

25.0%

Service area

14.0m2

22.5%

Car park

9.7m2

Balcony area

13.5%

18.0m2

28.9%

7.5%

41.1%

4.7m2

25.6m2

Living +Dining

53.9%

28.9% 18.0m2 Bedroom

39.3%

Bathroom

5.5m2

0%

52

25%

14.0m2 46.1% 11.8m2

13.8m2 Kitchen

22.5%

50%

39.3%

Storage 13.6% Washing machine

5.5m2

1.9m2

75%

1.1m2

100%

7.8%

Kitchen

1.5m

0m

Quantitative Analysis N 1

0.5m

1

3.5m

1

Total area: 62.3m2 (Excl car park) Habitable area:

25.6m2

41.1%

Internal

44.3m2

61.5%

Circulation area

4.7m2

7.5%

Baclcony

18.0m2

25.0%

Service area

14.0m2

22.5%

Car park

9.7m2

Balcony area

13.5%

18.0m2

28.9%

7.5%

41.1%

4.7m2

25.6m2

Living +Dining

53.9%

28.9% 18.0m2 Bedroom

39.3%

Bathroom

5.5m2

25%

39.3%

Storage 13.6% Washing machine

5.5m2

1.9m2

50%

75%

7.8%

1.1m2

100%

Qualitative Analysis 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Physical Disability

100%

Design thesis studio 09

0%

14.0m2 46.1% 11.8m2

13.8m2 Kitchen

22.5%

Social Interaction Public VS Private Adaptability Carers Access Noisy spaces VS Calm spaces Sight lines Optimum Orientation

Summary • • • •

Score: 19/40

Living space is not well accessible because much of the dining area takes up too much room and the room is not much for disabled people to walk through.

The dining area and bathroom are looked through if there is someone coming to visit.

All habitable areas have big windows that allow good sunlight, especially in the living room.

The living room and bedroom are separated by an internal wall but can still be heard.

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APARTMENT ANALYSIS Aster Jackson Green, Melbourne / DKO Architects Two-bedroom suite Bedroom

Balcony

Living room Preliminary thesis proposal

Bedroom

Living room

Bedroom

Dining area Bathroom

Bathroom

Bathroom

Kitchen

Kitchen

1.5m

0m

N

0.5m

3.5m

Total area: 101.8m2 (Excl car park)

Bathroom

Habitable area:

43.8m2

43.0%

Internal

74.3m2

66.6%

Circulation area

9.1m2

9.0%

Baclcony

27.5m2

24.7%

Service area

21.4m2

21.0%

Car park

9.7m2

Balcony area

8.7%

27.5m2

27.0%

9.0%

43.0%

4.7m2

43.8m2

Living + Dining

39.3%

54

25%

27.5m2

27.5m2

26.6m2

53.7%

Kitchen

11.5m2

0%

21.0%

60.7%

Bedroom

17.2m2 Bathroom

27%

50%

24.3%

Storage 16.8%

5.2m2

3.6m2

75%

Washing machine 5.2%

1.1m2

100%

Bathroom

Bathroom

Bathroom

Kitchen

Quantitative Analysis 1.5m

0m

2

N

2

0.5m

1

3.5m

Total area: 101.8m2 (Excl car park) Habitable area:

43.8m2

43.0%

Internal

74.3m2

66.6%

Circulation area

9.1m2

9.0%

Baclcony

27.5m2

24.7%

Service area

21.4m2

21.0%

Car park

9.7m2

Balcony area

8.7%

27.5m2

27.0%

9.0%

43.0%

4.7m2

43.8m2

Living + Dining

39.3%

Kitchen

11.5m2

27.5m2

50%

24.3%

Storage 16.8%

5.2m2

3.6m2

75%

Washing machine 5.2%

1.1m2

100%

Qualitative Analysis 0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

Physical Disability

100%

Design thesis studio 09

25%

27.5m2

26.6m2

53.7%

0%

21.0%

60.7%

Bedroom

17.2m2 Bathroom

27%

Social Interaction Public VS Private Adaptability Carers Access Noisy spaces VS Calm spaces Sight lines Optimum Orientation

Summary • • • •

Score: 25/40

Only the living room is accessible, circulation space is not wide enough for people with disabilities or wheelchairs, washing machine is very close to the front door and there is not very much room for disabled people to walk.

One bedroom is spacious and includes a very private bathroom.

All habitable areas have big windows that allow good sunlight, especially in the living room.

The living room and dining area are big but they are separated by the circulation space, which is wasting a lot of space.

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Preliminary thesis proposal

1.0 Preliminary Thesis Proposal 02. Detailing the client 03. Identifying the design challenge 04. Precedent studies

Design thesis studio 09

01.Finding the issue

05. Apartment analysis 06. Project site

Studying and evaluating two different apartments through qualitative analysis and quantitive analysis.

57

DESIGN GUIDE Macro

Preliminary thesis proposal

1. Noise interruption: How to minimize the noise interruptions such as external noise?

2. Ensured safety& security: How to ensure the living environment is safe and won’t harm the residents?

3. Sensory overload: How to minimize the sensory input and create a low-stimuli environment?

4. Social interaction: How to create a variety of spaces that allow more social interactions happen?

5. Durability: How to ensure good durability of the physical environment and keep it robust?

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Micro 1. Materials: How to choose different materials for each room?

3. Ventilations: How to ensure each unit has a good ventilation?

Design thesis studio 09

2. Lightings: How to determine the ways of lightings in different areas (eg. incorporates clerestory lighting, or create bearable artificial lighting)?

4. Living privacy: How to keep the privacy within each uni ? (eg. avoid sightline crossing private the space)

5. Spatial orientation: How to orientate a change of space by using a change of materials? (e.g. wall color or flooring material)

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Preliminary thesis proposal

NEEDS FOR LOCATION

At a young age children experience much stress, as they have much to learn about daily life and dealing with various people and their social roles. Physical activity helps them to release tension. The challenges may be places for cycling, skateboarding, and the like and play area’s in the neighborhood. If at all possible, a spacious garden in which to play and to invite other kids.

Among the sensory issues noise is generally the biggest problem.

Interior noise is more frequent in flats and other apartments which are part of a larger housing complex, therefore corner apartments are often preferred.

In general, the basic need for the location of this project is quiet, safe, low-stimulus environment. Also, children and young teenagers need a neighborhood with good public transport, recreational facilities and shops.

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Site Selection Criteria 1.Close to social support groups or service agencies (better includes the care services).

2. Good link to public transportation, (most residents do not drive), better close to bus stop.

Design thesis studio 09

3. Next to or easy access to grocery stores, pharmacies, medical facilities.

4. Next to open space or parks where children can play and touch on the nature

5. Adjacent to young teenager student group so that the children can have social interaction with people similar age.

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Preliminary thesis proposal

PROJECT SITE

Box Hill has an array of beautiful homes, townhomes, and apartments in developed. It is also home to many educational and health organizations, meanwhile, it is already one of the best in Melbourne connected by public transport with a very large bus network. The suburb’s cultural diversity and growing appeal have made it one of the more desirable places to live in Melbourne’s East.

62

Planning zones

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 27. Box Hill Metropolitan Activity Centre Built Form Guidelines) 63

PROJECT SITE Opportunies/ constrains

23 Nelson Rd, Box Hill VIC 3128

Preliminary thesis proposal

Dimension: 35m*50m Area: 1750m2 Opportunies 1. Located next to a medical facility (epworth hospital and box hill hospital) and a non-profit care organization.

2. Facing a large community park that provides beautiful natural sceneries, and open place for multiple activities.

3. Adjacent to an institute school that presents opportunities for the residents to have social interaction with similar age groups.

4. Good connection to public transportation, 2min walk to the nearest bus stop Constrains 1. The site may be constrained by the potential noise interruption since it is between streets where traffic noise is caused.

2. The surrounding area does not have grocery stores or markets, the nearest are located in box hill station shopping mall, taking 11 mins walk.

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4

50m

5

Design thesis studio 09

3

1

35m 6 2

7

1. Epworth Hospital (Medical Facilities) 2. Box Hill Institute School 7. Bus Stop

3. Box Hill Park 4. Basketball Court

5. Residential (Townhouse) 6. Anglicare Victoria (Non-profit Organization)

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PROJECT SITE

Preliminary thesis proposal

Context massing

Medical Facilities & Care Organization

Open Space

66

Design thesis studio 09

Institute School

Public Transportation

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2.0 Concept Design 01.What is home 02. Massing development 03. Functional zoning 04. Breakdown program

Translating the research proposal into priliminary design.

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THESIS ST

Recent evidence showed that ASD is lifelong and incurable, and it appears to be caused by complicated genetic and environmental interactions, effective interventions are also limited.3 As estimated, 78% of people with autism also show sensory sensitivity to their surroundings.

The built environment provides the majority of sensory input, such as light, acoustics, textures, colors, spatial configurations, ventilation etc. By manipulating the design of the environment we can manipulate these important sensory input.4 Designing and adapting the built sensory environment with individuals on the spectrum to their community will have a positive effect on their lives.5

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3. Rodger, J. A. J. Z. S. (Sept 2008). Sensory Processing and Classroom Emotional, Behavioral, and Educational Outcomes in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 62, 564-573. 2. Michelle (Shelly) Dival, H., Jaz. (2019).

4. Quirk, V. (October 09, 2013). An Interview with Magda Mostafa: Pioneer in Autism Design. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily. com/435982/an-interview-with-magda-mostafa-pioneer-in-autism-design 5.Michelle (Shelly) Dival, H., Jaz. (2019). Different Buildings for Different Minds : A Churchill Fellowship Report. Retrieved from https://static1. squarespace.com/static/5a88ab00f43b552a84c3b7c9/t/5ef5d18ff76c126274b77ed4/1593168335999/Churchill+Report+-+Dival+-+Final+For+internet+with+testimonials+03_12_19.pdf

TATEMENT

This housing project will focus on how the created environment can enhance the building users’ experience by introducing the sensory sensitivity strategies for children or young teenagers with autism who need moderate/low support needs, and to free their sensory network of unnecessary traffic and sensory noise from the surrounding environment, and make those fleeting moments where they can communicate, respond, learn and interact. In addition, it will include supportive and transitional educational programs and others to help neurodiverse children to live more independently, and have fewer barriers when they grow up, and blend in the society.

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Concept design

WHAT IS ‘HOME’

72

Design thesis studio 09

When searching children’s drawings or a web browser’s stylized icon, at all ages we recognize and use the rectangular pitchedroof building with a chimney as a sign for “home”. It is the visual essence of the functions it contains - both literally and symbolically.

Taking this cue, the overarching concept is about how to integrate this element and design a warm home, making the internal space fun but also comfortable for children with autism.

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CONCEPT DIAGRAM

1

Concept design

3

5

1. Site boundary 2.Determine the site access and setback the building footprint for each side.

3. Extrude the volume (20m) 4. Separate the public and private zones.

5. Divide and organize internal zones.

6. Pull up and adjust the shape of roof.

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2

4

Design thesis studio 09

6

75

FUNCTIONAL ZONING

Residential

Management /logistic

Communal space

Concept design

BOH acce Logistic

Resident access

Plan diagram 1. Lower level: Public space consists of commercial space and flexible space that can be used for exhibition or lecture space, which introduces what is ASD to society and more people, and also includes commercial space such as a cafe selling biscuits made by children.

2. Middle level: - Staff office and transition program, transition program is divided into three zones according to a different level of stimuli (active/neutral/passive).

3. Upper level: Three clusters of residential units including 1B and 2B suite.

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(ca

N Transition Residential

Residential

Atrium

Transition

Communal space

Spring St

Transition

Communal space

Communal space

Residential

TP(Passive space)

TP (Transition program)

TP(Neutral space)

Design thesis studio 09

Management /logistic

Atrium

TP(Active space)

BOH access Logistic Middle garden

Resident access

Flexible space

Lobby

Commercial (cafe, bakery,.etc) Public access

Nelson Rd 77

FUNCTIONAL ZONING

Safe

Safe

Residential Private Private Space

Residential Space Quite

ivate

Concept design

Social

Private

Escape

Semi-private

Public

2B suite

Atrium

Fixed Program Communal space

Playing

Flexible Program

Educating

Training

No support need Fixed Prog

Flexible Program

Low support nee Communal

1B suite

Spring street

Relax

Transitional Program Public

Residential Semi-private

Spring street

Moderate suppo

Flexible Public

Flexible P

Transition program

Public

Display

Spring Space street Ground floor Public space

Commercial

Flexible

N

Flexible

Playing

Transitional Playing Public Display Program Space

Educating

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Commercial

2B suit

Communal space

Relax

Residential

ss cce na SuResiden

Fixed Program

Semi-private Private

Communal Space

Communal Private SpaceTraining

elax

2B suite

Social

Escape

Atrium

Residential

Quite

Public Space Commercial

ss

cce

a Sun

No support need

Atrium

ntial

te

Residential

Low support need

1B suite

Transition program

space

Design thesis studio 09

Moderate support need

gram

Ground floor

Program

Public space

N

Section diagram 1. Public Space: ground floor- Open to the public, can be used for exhibition or lecture space, which introduces what is ASD to society and more people, and also includes commercial space for rent such as a cafe selling biscuits made by childrens.

Display 2.Transitional Program: first floor- Providing various training and academy program that help to rebuild childrens living skills and social skills.

3. Residential: upper floor- Including around 30 living units across four stories with different layouts, the division of story is according to the level of support that residents need.

4. Communal Space: middle floor- providing different amenities for the residents.

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CONCEPT DESIGN / Breakdown program Apartment unit (2592m2)

One bedroom suite

Two bedroom suite

Three bedroom suite Transitional program (796m2)

Active space (demonstration kitchen, classroom)

Passive space (quite reading room) Neutral space (buffer area between active space and passive space)

Communal space (405m2)

Health wellness center Gym Study zone

Apartment logistic (170m2)

Staff office

Storage room

Wasted room

Fire control room Bathroom

Public space (1050m2)

cafe

flexible space (exhibition)

Transition space (800m2)

breakout areas between different zones Ground garden (240m2)

80

81

CONCEPT DESIGN / Apartment layout 1 Apartment unit (2592m2)

One bedroom suite

Two bedroom suite

Three bedroom suite Transitional program (796m2)

Active space (demonstration kitchen, classroom)

Passive space (quite reading room) Neutral space (buffer area between active space and passive space)

Communal space (405m2)

Health wellness center Gym Study zone

Apartment logistic (170m2)

Staff office

Storage room

Wasted room

Fire control room Bathroom

Public space (1050m2)

cafe

flexible space (exhibition)

Transition space (800m2)

breakout areas between different zones Ground garden (240m2)

82

One-bedroom suite 72m2

83

NEXT STEP CONCEPT DESIGN / Apartment layout 2 Apartment unit (2592m2)

One bedroom suite

Two bedroom suite

Three bedroom suite Transitional program (796m2)

Active space (demonstration kitchen, classroom)

Passive space (quite reading room) Neutral space (buffer area between active space and passive space)

Communal space (405m2)

Health wellness center Gym Study zone

Apartment logistic (170m2)

Staff office

Storage room

Wasted room

Fire control room Bathroom

Public space (1050m2)

cafe

flexible space (exhibition)

Transition space (800m2)

breakout areas between different zones Ground garden (240m2)

84

Two-bedroom suite 108m2

85

CONCEPT DESIGN / Second Floor plan

86

87

CONCEPT DESIGN / Apartment floor plan

1B Suite

88

2B Suite

89

90

Sketch design

3.0 Sketch Design

02. Functional zoning 03. Axometric diagrams 04. Plans

Design thesis studio 09

01. Precedent

05. Renders

Developing the thesis Inquiry into sketch design,

91

SKETCH DESIGN / Precedent

Helen Diller Family Co

Sketch design

Children’s Home of the Future

(Figure 28. Children’s Home of the Futrue)

This children daycare project combines the traditional home’s safe environment with new ideas and conceptions of a children’s home by using the shapes of the roof in a new and playful way.

92

(Figure 29. Helen Dille

The hospital project incl is marked by distinct col each of the floors.

omprehensive Cancer Cente

ludes a five-story atrium that lor bands that give identity to

Design thesis studio 09

er Family Cancer Center)

Social Housing + Shops in Mouans Sartoux

(Figure 30. Social Housing+ Shops)

This social housing project has a shared long balcony that gives a sense of warmth by using the wood planks for flooring, the outside foldable wooden panel can shadow sunlight and give privacy.

93

SKETCH DESIGN/ Functional zoning

Residential

Management /logistic

Communal space

Sketch design

BOH acce Logistic

Resident access

Plan diagram 1. Lower level: Public space consists of commercial space and flexible space that can be used for exhibition or lecture space, which introduces what is ASD to society and more people, and also includes commercial space such as a cafe selling biscuits made by children.

2. Middle level: - Staff office and transition program, transition program is divided into three zones according to a different level of stimuli (active/neutral/passive).

3. Upper level: Three clusters of residential units including 1B and 2B suite are spread across four stories with different layouts.

94

(ca

N Escape space

Transition

Residential

Breakout garden

Spring St

Atrium garden

Residential

Communal space

TP(Passive space)

Transition

TP (Transition program)

Communal space

TP(Neutral space)

TP(Active space)

Design thesis studio 09

Management /logistic

Residential

BOH access

Logistic

Resident access

Ground Garden

Flexible space

Lobby

Commercial (cafe, bakery,.etc) Public access

Nelson Rd 95

SKETCH DESIGN / Axometric diagram Apartment unit (2592m2)

One bedroom suite

Two bedroom suite

Care staff unit

Transitional program (796m2)

Active space (demonstration kitchen, classroom)

Passive space (quite reading room) Neutral space (buffer area between active space and passive space)

Concept design Sketch design

Communal space (350m2)

Health wellness center Gym Study zone

Apartment logistic (170m2)

Staff office

Storage room

Wasted room

Fire control room Bathroom

Public space (560m2)

Commercial (for rent)

Multifunction hall

Transition space

breakout areas between different zones Garden space (109m2)

Ground garden

Atrium garden

Breakout garden 96

Design thesis studio 09

97

SKETCH DESIGN / Apartment arrangement Apartment unit (2572m2)

One bedroom suite

Two bedroom suite

Care staff unit Transitional program (796m2)

Active space (demonstration kitchen, classroom)

Passive space (quite reading room) Neutral space (buffer area between active space and passive space)

Sketch design

Communal space (405m2)

Health wellness center Gym Study zone

Apartment logistic (170m2)

Staff office

Storage room

Wasted room

Fire control room Bathroom

Public space (560m2)

Commercial (for rent)

Multifunction hall

Transition space

breakout areas between different zones

98

Garden space (109m2)

Ground garden

Atrium garden

Breakout garden

Low support need No support need

Design thesis studio 09

One-bedroom suite 72m2

99

SKETCH DESIGN / Apartment arrangement Apartment unit (2572m2)

One bedroom suite

Two bedroom suite

Care staff unit Transitional program (796m2)

Active space (demonstration kitchen, classroom)

Passive space (quite reading room) Neutral space (buffer area between active space and passive space)

Sketch design

Communal space (405m2)

Health wellness center Gym Study zone

Apartment logistic (170m2)

Staff office

Storage room

Wasted room

Fire control room Bathroom

Public space (560m2)

Commercial (for rent)

Multifunction hall

Transition space

breakout areas between different zones

100

Garden space (109m2)

Ground garden

Atrium garden

Breakout garden

No support need Low support need Moderate support need

Design thesis studio 09

Two-bedroom suite 105m2

101

SKETCH DESIGN / Apartment arrangement Apartment unit (2572m2)

One bedroom suite

Two bedroom suite

Care staff unit Transitional program (796m2)

Active space (demonstration kitchen, classroom)

Passive space (quite reading room) Neutral space (buffer area between active space and passive space)

Communal space (405m2)

Health wellness center Gym Study zone

Apartment logistic (170m2)

Staff office

Storage room

Wasted room

Fire control room Bathroom

Public space (560m2)

Commercial (for rent)

Multifunction hall

Transition space

breakout areas between different zones

102

Garden space (109m2)

Ground garden

Atrium garden

Breakout garden

Care staff unit 40m2

103

SKETCH DESIGN / Apartment arrangement

Life support service The on-site care staff have their own separate private space in the apartment, each unit situates between the 2B suite, and its balcony is connected with the transition space aside for the purpose that can quickly access their neighbors and provide life support for the residents with autism that need moderate-support need, especially when their parents or flatmates are not at hand.

Meanwhile, the staff also life provide support service to the low-support need residents on the same floor but at a less frequency.

Two 2B Suite + One care staff unit

care staff unit has separate space but can use the transition space to access

104

Low support need Moderate support need

105

Sketch design

SKETCH DESIGN / Site plan

106

Design thesis studio 09

107

SKETCH DESIGN / Ground Floor Plan

Sketch design

The ground floor plan, the space on GF is mainly public space, includes a linear commercial space facing the nelson st and a multifunctional hall that is capable of holding public lectures or exhibitions, besides there is a sensory ground floor garden and staff offices.

108

Nelson Rd

Design thesis studio 09

Sprint St

109

SKETCH DESIGN / First Floor Plan

Sketch design

The first floor includes several communal spaces and educational and transitional programs such as a demonstration kitchen, music studio, classroom, and reading room, they are arranged in active, neutral, and passive zoning from right to the left. Between each zoning, small transition spaces are set so that stimuli would be lowered when the users go through. Meanwhile, the circulation is in a loop with no dead ends and most of the corner of the wall is curvy so the residents won’t get hurt in case they experience a meltdown and rample.

110

Design thesis studio 09

111

SKETCH DESIGN / Second Floor Plan

Sketch design

The second floor, also the starting storey of the residential part. This floor has eight residents units consisting two no support needs, four low support needs and two moderate support need, besides there is one care staff unit. In the middle is an atrium garden where all residents are welcomed to rest, relax and enjoy the nature without leaving the apartment.

112

Design thesis studio 09

113

Sketch design

SKETCH DESIGN / Render

This test perspective displays the atrium garden where all residents can experience a touch of nature without leaving this apartment, and the middle glass box is the lightwell providing natural light for the play space down below.

114

Design thesis studio 09

Atrium garden

115

Sketch design

SKETCH DESIGN / Apartment Floor Plan

1B Suite

116

Design thesis studio 09

2B Suite

117

Sketch design

SKETCH DESIGN / Render

This test perspective mainly displays the materials used in the balcony: wood planks are used for the flooring and low reflective paint for the wall, the balcony door is marked in green to make it more distinct, a balustrade is painted matte white finish. Besides, there is an outside sliding foldable wooden panel that can shadow sunlight and gives privacy so the stimuli can be lowered when residents with ASD are sitting outside.

118

Design thesis studio 09

Balcony perspective

119

Sketch design

SKETCH DESIGN / Section Plan

120

Design thesis studio 09

121

Sketch design

SKETCH DESIGN / Model Render

122

Design thesis studio 09

123

124

4.0 Developed Design

125

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Ground Floor Plan

126

Design thesis studio 09

127

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / First Floor Plan

128

Design thesis studio 09

129

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Second Floor Plan

130

Design thesis studio 09

131

Developed Deisgn

SKETCH DESIGN / Apartment Floor Plan

1B Suite

132

Design thesis studio 09

2B Suite

133

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Precedent

Developed Deisgn

The Fake Swimming Pool

134

The Museum of Contemporary Art, Kanazawa, Japan. The fake swimming pool was made by Buenos Aires artist Leandro Erlich in 2004.

The installation provides an amusing experience for the visitors. This permanent art installation is both an optical illusion and an experiential work at the same time , it allows viewers to look down and see people virtually underwater, separated by a 10cm layer of water over a transparent glass viewing pane, while those below are in a type of suspended reality with the play of light through the water that bounces off the aquamarinecolored walls. 16

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 31. The Fake Swimming Pool / image credits to NAKAMICHI Atsushi / Nacása & Partners)

135

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Atrium skylight

Recent studies show people with autism are drawn to water (Goodwin, D, 2018). Therefore the lightwell on the first floor draws the concept from the art installation and trying to combine the atrium skylight with the sensory therapy room down below that provides the user a special sensory experience and immersive underwater environment. Based on this, three different sensory rooms were made and they bring different spatial experiences to the visitors due to different shapes.

136

Iteration 1

Design thesis studio 09

Iteration 2

Ite

Iteration 3 137

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Sensory room

The sensory therapy room has a deep pit with blue walls is overlaid with a transparent glass, which is covered with a thin layer of water. The dedicated and sensory environment that has neutral stimuli for the users by displaying constantly changed shadow and light and the shadow of ripples. Meanwhile, the high strip window with frosted glass allows diffused light and works as a lightwell for its surroundings.

138

Design thesis studio 09

(Test render)

139

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Precedent

Developed Deisgn

Carré Lumière / LAN Architecture

140

This apartment project in South West Franc, designed by LAN Architecture, introduces the notion of the housing’s adaptability both on a large scale to the rhythm of the seasons and to the minute climate changes on any given day. Each apartment can swap its winter garden for an interior space in order to increase its living area.

Everyone has the option to use their outdoor space as a windbreak, a greenhouse, or, to the contrary, as a cooling unit. Each apartment can swap its winter garden for an interior space in order to increase its living area. 17

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 32. Carré Lumière)

141

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Atrium internal facade

Studies show autistic children see colors with far greater intensity than neurotypical children, therefore light and low-stimuli colors such as pink, green, blue, and yellow are chosen to mark each floor and give identity to each floor. The semi-translucent polycarbonate panel with scattered opening windows works as an internal facade that guarantees the residents’ privacy but also keeps the visual connection between the atrium garden.

142

Design thesis studio 09

143

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Atrium garden + corridor

144

145

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Precedent

146

Argentinian firm AdamoFaiden has built a concrete tower in Buenos Aires, flanked on two sides by metal-grated walls that conceal dozens of private gardens Trees and low vegetation are planted in every garden, while the metal grates filter sunlight. The metal mesh consolidates the limits of the second room (the garden), and at the same time, serves as physical support or growing tutor for the vegetation. 18

Design thesis studio 09

(Figure 32. Concrete tower in Buenos Aires)

147

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Breakout garden

These two breakout gardens are situated between a one-bedroom suite and a two-room suite, and they are both connected with each transition space where the resident will not directly go to the outdoor environment before they go out to the garden. The transition space is walled with semi-translucent polycarbonate materials, the metal mesh covers the garden to create a sense of safety without breaking the visual connection.

148

149

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / In-progress East facade

150

Design thesis studio 09

151

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Transition space within apartment

The main material for the transition zone is matt light green pain flooring and veneer wood for the wall.

152

The transition zone +balcony is separated by a sliding movable and flipable door and flexibly used depends on the residents.

Design thesis studio 09

The lower part can flip both sides and it can be a sitting for both transition and balcony space.

When the upper part flip the whole opening can be a door to walk through and allow more sunlight and ventilation.

153

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Apartment floor plan

154

Design thesis studio 09

155

Developed Deisgn

DEVELOPED DESIGN / Section

156

Design thesis studio 09

157

158

Final Deisgn

Design thesis studio 09

5.0 Final Design

159

Final Deisgn 160

This mixed-use apartment project will focus on how the created environment can enhance the building users’ experience by introducing the sensory sensitivity strategies for people with autism, more specifically, for neurodiverse children and young teenagers, to free their sensory network of unnecessary traffic and sensory noise from the surrounding environment, and make those fleeting moments where they can communicate, respond, learn and interact. In addition, it will include supportive and transitional educational programs and other to help neurodiverse children to live more independently, and have fewer barriers when they grow up and blend in the society.

C

Parents Parents of autistic children whho need help and extra care for their children.

Children

Children with autism between 9-18.

Long stay

Live

Co-live

Manage

Project

Support

Support organization Period stay

Live

Design thesis studio 09

Rent

Working staff managing the apartment and providing the support.

Students Young enrolled students who need support but don’t live away with parents.

161

PROJECTION SITE

Institute School

Open Space

Public Transportation

Final Deisgn

Medical Facilities & Care Organization

162

1

2

3

2. Extrude the volume (20m)

Design thesis studio 09

1.Determine the site access and setback the building footprint for each side.

4

3. Separate the public and private zones.

4. Divide and organize internal zones.

163

SITE PLAN

164

Site plan

165

FUNCTIONAL ZONING

Final Deisgn

3-5F

2F

1F

GF 166

1B Unit

Single living unit for young teenagers or students who needs low life support need.

Care Staff Unit

Design thesis studio 09

Living unit for on-site care staff, which includes a separate storage room. (one unit per each floor)

2B Unit

Living unit adjacent to the care staff unit, suitable for the nuclear family who has a kid with autism and needs moderate life support.

167

Final Deisgn

FLOOR PLAN/ Ground floor

168

The ground floor plan, the space on GF is mainly public space, includes a linear commercial space facing the nelson st and a multifunctional hall that providing a community activity for the resident such as holding public lectures or exhibitions. On the west wing situates a small courtyard garden and staff offices.

Design thesis studio 09

Ground floor plan

169

Final Deisgn

FLOOR PLAN/ First floor

170

The first floor includes several communal spaces and educational and transitional programs which are arranged inactive, neutral, and passive zoning from right to the left. Between each zoning, small transition spaces are set so that stimuli would be lowered when the users go through.

The spatial restrictions in the corridors and common spaces are relaxed, small withdrawal spaces adjacent to the spacious classrooms. Meanwhile, the circulation is in a loop with no dead ends and most of the corner of the wall is curvy so the residents won’t get hurt in case they experience a meltdown and rample.

Design thesis studio 09

First floor plan

171

Final Deisgn

FLOOR PLAN/ Second floor

172

The second floor, also the starting storey of the residential part, includes eight residents units consisting two no support needs, four low support needs and two moderate support need, besides there is one care staff unit. In addition, the atrium sensory garden provides the residents an internal space to relax and touch on nature without leaving the building.

Design thesis studio 09

Second floor plan

173

PERSPECTIVE / Atrium garden

174

175

Final Deisgn

OVERALL SECTION/ A-A section

A-A Sect

176

Design thesis studio 09

tion plan

177

178

179

Final Deisgn

FLOOR PLAN/ Typical floor

180

The layout arrangement of typical floor similar to the second floor with eight residents units consisting two no support needs, four low support needs and two moderate support need, besides there is one care staff unit.

Design thesis studio 09

Typical floor plan

181

Final Deisgn

FLOOR PLAN/ 1B Unit

1B Unit fl

182

Design thesis studio 09

floor plan

183

Final Deisgn

APARTMENT / External transition space

The first transitional space lies between the corridor and the entrance of the apartment, in the purpose of indicating the residents a sense of the arrival of their home by using different and distinguished materials, such as joinery wood, stone, and carpet, besides, the wooden louver provides the user a semiprivate space to hide and relax.

184

Design thesis studio 09

Vignette / Entrance

185

Final Deisgn

APARTMENT / Internal transition space

The second transition space is at the heart of the unit, which gave residents the opportunity to make decisions before they accessing between each room, the ceiling and wall are decorated with timber slats that providing a well-insulated accoustic for the unit.

186

Design thesis studio 09

Vignette / Internal transition

187

Final Deisgn

APARTMENT / Hide-away space

The most private transition area situates between bedroom and the balcony. This small space not only plays as an escape space when the residents experience a meltdown or need a low stimuli space to calm down, but also acts as a buffer area before the residents go to the outdoor balcony.

188

Design thesis studio 09

Vignette / Door open

189

Final Deisgn

APARTMENT / Hide-away space

When the sliding door closed this hide-away space becomes a sanctuary for people with autism when they experience a meltdown and want a quiet space to escape. The balcony door includes a small built-in openable window allowing sufficient natural light when the door is closed and provides the resident a visual connection with the outside.

190

Design thesis studio 09

Vignette / Door closed

191

Final Deisgn

FLOOR PLAN/ 2B Unit

2B Unit fl

192

Design thesis studio 09

floor plan

193

PARTIAL SECTION / Apartment

194

195

PERSPECTIVE / Nelson Rd view

196

197

Final Deisgn

ELEVATIONS

North elevation

198

Design thesis studio 09

East elevation

199

PERSPECTIVE / Street view

200

201

SELF-REFLECTION

To be honest, this semester is one of the hardest periods in my student life, it is hard, complex, and challenging because this last master semester at uni witnessed the whole process from my right foot injury to recovery: One week before the uni started I accidentally got a right foot fracture and ligament injury when playing badminton during the summer holiday and even needed surgery (but I quit).

This semester means something special and hard to me: I am doing my thesis design weekly class and also going to the hospital to meet my doctor taking a regular check, which is very challenging not only because I live alone and suddenly becoming temporarily disabled means I wasn’t able to walk without crutches for two months, but also made my mind down and very depressed. This injury is also one of the reasons for me to choose this studio, and through the injured time I also deeply felt how important it is for a building to be disabled-friendly and accessible. There may be a bit of pity of the final outcome some issues or challenges that are not well-solved but I have tried my best to overcome and achieve the outcome. This semester I learned a lot of knowledge and experience, which one of the most important is, that you are much stronger than you think.

202

‘Triple L’

(03/2021- 05/2021) Big thanks to everyone who helped, supported and encouraged me during the three-month post lisfranc injury time.

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Appendix

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Reference list (Aspect), A. S. A. (11 July 2018). Autism prevalence rate up by an estimated 40% to 1 in 70 people. Retrieved from https://www.autismspectrum.org.au/news/autism-prevalence-rate-up-by-an-estimated-40-to1-in-70-people-11-07-2018#:~:text=Autism%20Spectrum%20Australia%20(Aspect)%20has,increase%20 or%20around%20353%2C880%20people.

AIHW. (2017). Autism in Australia. Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/disability/autism-in-australia/contents/autism AIHW. (Jul, 2011). Younger people with disability in residential aged care. Retrieved from https://www. aihw.gov.au/getmedia/f17b3a52-9de0-480a-9330-530bbc34dbbf/12666.pdf.aspx?inline=true Andrea Whitsett, A. C.-D., Chrissie Bausch,Pooja Paode, Hye Rin Yoon, Audrey Cleaver,Alex Tam,. (December 2020.). A Place in the World. Retrieved from https://www.firstplaceaz.org/a-place-in-the-world/ Castro, F. (2015). Carré Lumière / LAN Architecture. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/777567/ carre-lumiere-lan-architecture Cogley, B. (2018, 15 Dec). Metal mesh covers garden tower in Buenos Aires by Adamo-Faiden. Retrieved from https://www.dezeen.com/2018/12/15/adamo-faiden-bonpland-2169-garden-tower-buenos-aires/ Counts, E. A. (Feb 2015). Housing: the big sleeper. Retrieved from https://everyaustraliancounts.com.au/ ndis-housing-big-sleeper/ Goodwin, D. (2018). Autism and Water: Why Autistic People Are Drawn to Water. Retrieved from https:// aquamobileswim.com/autism-and-water-why-autistic-people-are-drawn-to-water/ First Place Apartment. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.firstplaceaz.org/apartments/overview/ Haase, A. (Writer). (2007). The Children of the Stars. In. China.

Henry, C. N. (2011, October 26). Designing for Autism: Spatial Considerations. Retrieved from https://www. archdaily.com/179359/designing-for-autism-spatial-considerations?ad_medium=widget&ad_name=recommendation Henry, C. N. (October 19, 2011). Designing for Autism: Lighting. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily. com/177293/designing-for-autism-lighting Ker, A. D. An Illusory Swimming Pool By Leandro Erlich. Retrieved from https://www.ignant. com/2016/01/07/an-illusory-swimming-pool-by-leandro-erlich/ Kimberly Steele, T. C. (2009). Advancing Full Spectrum Housing - Designing for Adults with AutismSpectrum Disorders. Retrieved from Arizona: Michelle (Shelly) Dival, H., Jaz. (2019). Different Buildings for Different Minds : A Churchill Fellowship Report. Retrieved from https://static1.squarespace.com/static/5a88ab00f43b552a84c3b7c9/t/5ef5d18ff76c126274b77ed4/1593168335999/Churchill+Report+-+Dival+-+Final+For+internet+with+testimonials+03_12_19.pdf MORTICE, Z. (DEC 6 2016). Architecture for Autism Could Be a Breakthrough for Kids With ASD. Retrieved from https://redshift.autodesk.com/architecture-for-autism/

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Mostafa, M. (July 2015). Architecture for autism: Built environment performance in accordance to the autism ASPECTSS™ design index. Design Principles and Practices. doi:10.18848/1833-1874/CGP/ v08/38300 Pilar Arnaiz Sánchez, F. S. V. z. a. L. A. S. (September 2011). Autism and the Built Environment. doi:10.5772/20200 Quirk, V. (October 09, 2013). An Interview with Magda Mostafa: Pioneer in Autism Design. Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/435982/an-interview-with-magda-mostafa-pioneer-in-autism-design Rodger, J. A. J. Z. S. (Sept 2008). Sensory Processing and Classroom Emotional, Behavioral, and Educational Outcomes in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorder. American Journal of Occupational Therapy, 62, 564-573.

Ross Coverdale, L. H., Rani Smale. (2020). International housing and support models. Retrieved from https://www.araluen.org/araluen-annual-report-2020/ Sean Ahlquist, C. C., Dale Ulrich, Leah Ketcheson. (2015). Tactile interfaces and environments for developing motor skills and social interaction in children with autism. Retrieved from http://www. materialarchitectures.com/social-sensory/ Shell, S. (2021). What Autism Teaches Us About Design. Retrieved from https://branchpattern.com/ autism-teaches-design/ Sherry Ahrentzen, K. S. (May 11, 2016). How do you design a home for someone with autism?

Retrieved from https:// theconversation.com/how-do-you-design-a-home-for-someone-with-autism-57033 Turnbull, A. A CENTRE FOR AUTISM - NEW STRUAN. Retrieved from https://www.aitkenturnbull.co.uk/project/centre-autism-new-struan/#:~:text=New%20Struan%20is%20an%20 independent,Spectrum%20Disorder%20in%20Central%20Scotland.&text=Opened%20in%20 2005%2C%20New%20Struan,education%20of%20children%20with%20autism.

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Figure list Figure 1. Background, Author Figure 2. Thesis statment, Author Figure 3. Timeline of housing for disabled people in Australia, Author Figure 4. Chart of age group of autistic people, AIHW. (2017). Autism in Australia. Retrieved from https://www.aihw.gov.au/reports/disability/autism-in-australia/contents/autism Figure 5.Counts, E. A. (Feb 2015). Housing: the big sleeper. Retrieved from https:// everyaustraliancounts.com.au/ndis-housing-big-sleeper/ Figure 6 to 8. Persona, Author Figure 9. A day of Vincent and Phoebe, Author Figure 10. The starry sky, information from: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Molecular_ cloud#/media/File:LH_95.jpg) Figure 11 to 19. First Place Apartment. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.firstplaceaz. org/apartments/overview/ Figure 20 to 22. New Struan Centre for Autism, information from: https://www.aitken-turnbull.co.uk/project/ centre-autism-new-struan Figure 23. Sean Ahlquist, C. C., Dale Ulrich, Leah Ketcheson. (2015). Tactile interfaces and environments for developing motor skills and social interaction in children with autism. Retrieved from http://www.materialarchitectures.com/social-sensory/ Figure 24. MORTICE, Z. (DEC 6 2016). Architecture for Autism Could Be a Breakthrough for Kids With ASD. Retrieved from https://redshift.autodesk.com/architecture-for-autism/ Figure 25. First Place Apartment. (2018). Retrieved from https://www.firstplaceaz.org/ apartments/overview/ Figure 26. Aster Jackson Grenn Apartment. Retrieved from https://www.jacksongreen. com.au/ Figure 27. Box Hill Metropolitan Activity Centre Built Form Guidelines. Retrieved from https://www.whitehorse.vic.gov.au/sites/whitehorse.vic.gov.au/files/assets/documents/ draft_box_hill_built_form_guidelines_chapter_4.pdf Figure 28. Children’s Home of the Futrue. Retrieved from https://cebraarchitecture. dk/project/future-childrens-home/#:~:text=The%20Children’s%20Home%20of%20 the,which%20needs%20it%20should%20fulfill.

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Figure 29. Helen Diller Family Cancer Center. Retrieved from https://www.e-architect. com/sanfrancisco/helen-diller-family-cancer-research-center Figure 30. Social Housing + Shops in Mouans Sartoux . Retrieved from https:// www.archdaily.com/779037/social-housing-plus-shops-in-mouans-sartoux-comte-etvollenweider-architectes Figure 31. The Fake Swimming Pool. NAKAMICHI Atsushi / Nacása & Partners.

Retrieved from https://arthur.io/art/leandro-erlich/swimmng-pool Figure 32. Carré Lumière. Retrievef from https://www.archdaily.com/777567/carrelumiere-lan-architecture\ Figure 33. Concrete tower in Buenos Aires. Retrieved from https://www.dezeen. com/2018/12/15/adamo-faiden-bonpland-2169-garden-tower-buenos-aires/

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