Lifting Matters newsletter Dec 2015

Sharing and learning

PROMOTING SAFETY IN THE CRANE INDUSTRY.

DECEMBER 2015

What’s new this month?

EDITORIAL I am thrilled to welcome another two new contributors to Lifting Matters this edition. Geoff Murray from Experteyes provides a different viewpoint on the safety documentation issue we discussed in the September issue, with a recommendation on a possible method for tackling consolidation. Baf Kuka from First Aid Safety Training gives us a great outline for Emergency Response to incidents.

Also in this issue, we explore a number of incidents related to overhead power lines. We break down safe work practices around overhead power lines to five simple tips to manage this potentially fatal hazard.

As we near the end of the year we remind our readers to remain alert and vigilant. You and your team may be winding down for the year at work and gearing up for holidays, but keep focused and concentrated to prevent silly mistakes.

Please get in touch with Lifting Matters! You can visit us on Facebook, Linked In, or drop us an email any time at info@liftingmatters.com. If you are interested in becoming a contributor to Lifting Matters, email me at dashelle.bailey@ liftingmatters.com. Remember, our sponsors are happy to pay for good articles. You can sign up to receive your quarterly edition of Lifting Matters straight to your inbox, at www. liftingskills.com.au/lifting-matters/newsletter. Remember, we provide free glossy printed copies of Lifting Matters for distribution in your crane cabs, crib rooms, mess hall, or reception area. Email info@liftingmatters.com with your postal address and the number of copies you require.

We wish everyone a very Merry Christmas and a Happy New Year! We look forward to seeing you for a safe 2016.

Dashelle Bailey, Editor

THANKS TO THIS EDITION’S CONTRIBUTORS

IN THIS ISSUE Editorial Follow up on last issue - Defining behaviours to inform safety information

01 02 - 03

An Emergency Response Action Plan

04

Example Emergency Action Plan

05

Safety Alert - Slewing Cranes with retracted tracks

06

Incident Report, Russia

07

Incident Report, Austria

08

Working Safely - Overhead Power Lines

09

Learning and Development - Working Near Powerlines

10

Health and Wellbeing - Sun’s Out, Sunscreen’s On

11 - 12

Health and Wellbeing - Psychological impact of FIFO and shift work

13 - 14

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Follow up on last issue – Safety Documentation

DEFINING BEHAVIOURS TO INFORM SAFETY DOCUMENTATION A focus on behaviours can reduce lifting documentation and provide tools for training, awareness programmes and the monitoring of site works. Such a focus can help, rather than hinder, the people doing the work!

This article is a response to the Feature Story in the September issue of Lifting Matters, which rightly questioned whether the paperwork involved in our current systems was diverting attention away from the real objective of performing work efficiently and safely.

Existing Systems, extensively documented in the September article, are the product of Legislative requirements and procedural requirements and use various generic Checklist Formats (STOP, START, Take 5, Take 2 and the like) for pre lift checks and for monitoring. The inconvenient reality is that individual clients impose elements of their own systems and also their own terminology. For the person doing the work, this results in an inevitable focus on the specific paperwork required at different

Please note that it has been necessary to show what we mean by behaviours, as the word is often used to define generic actions (e.g. “keep hands out of line of fire”) which are not task specific.

Once defined for typical tasks, these behaviours can be illustrated

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sites and a knowledge of what needs to be detailed in that paperwork to satisfy individual people on those sites.

These requirements are largely driven by what those remote from the worksite require to be done! This hardly results in an ideal primary focus for those who are actually charged with doing the work!

How then, can we keep the focus of the people doing the work on matters of efficiency and safety and at the same time, satisfy Legislative and Procedural requirements?

We can do this by first defining what the people doing the work need to know and what they need to be doing, in specific terms. In defining these behaviours it is useful to think “What would I want my 18 year old son/daughter to know and understand before they did this task?” The resultant behaviours overlap with elements taught in trade training (Rigging, Dogging, Crane Operating, High Risk Licenses and the like) and typically include “the obvious” to an experienced person, which will not necessarily be “obvious” to the less experienced.

Here is an example of behaviours defined for Picking and Carrying a load with a Mobile Crane.

to show the “Correct”/ “Incorrect”/ “Consequence of Incorrect”.

The following example is for “Dogger forward of and to side of crane in full view of crane operator if escorting in forward direction” from the “Pick and Carry” Core Behaviours previously detailed:

Follow up on last issue – Safety Documentation

DEFINING BEHAVIOURS TO INFORM SAFETY DOCUMENTATION

From such depictions, slideshows and toolbox talk materials for training and posters to foster awareness can be developed and deployed. All of these materials are focussed on what the people doing the work need to know and do. The illustration of the consequence of unsafe actions enables the adult to learn by associating the image with stored images from their own life experience. Examples of such materials can be viewed on the website at www.experteyes.com.au.

the job and the surrounding situation and document controls (barricading, spotters and the like). If we include a page for a sketch showing where spotters and barricades/cones are placed, words can be minimised.

Now that we have a common understanding of what we mean by “behaviours”, let’s consider how defined behaviours can reduce the documentation task in our “Safe System of Work”.

•• Ensuring/Monitoring. We need to conduct Systems audits, of course, but defined behaviours give us the opportunity to audit/ observe where the “rubber hits the road”. Our audit procedures can be reformed to require observations to be conducted against the defined behaviours. Importantly, behavioural observations/ audits against defined behaviours, properly conducted, can help people doing the work by giving them direct feedback on how they are performing!

Our “Safe System of Work” now comprises: •• Procedures. We can slash the verbiage by referring to the defined behaviours (“do this in accordance with the defined behaviours”) and to SWMSs for standard/typical tasks •• Defined Behaviours for Standard/Typical Tasks (e.g. Slewing Crane Operation, Pick and Carry Operation, Truck Loading and Unloading) •• Safe Work Method Statement (SWMS) for typical tasks. We can slash the verbiage by referring to the defined behaviours (“do this in accordance with the defined behaviours”) •• Method Statement for Non Typical Tasks. Defined behaviours can help reduce verbiage as common typical tasks are always involved to some extent •• JSA. The JSA can refer to SWMSs and Method Statements. It should be prepared on the day of the job by the people doing the work and should, as a minimum, identify interactions between

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•• Training. We do this with training in High Risk Licenses (as now). Defined behaviours give us the basis we need for the “Safety Training” element

•• Fostering Safety Awareness can be facilitated using materials (posters and the like) developed from the defined behaviours Defined behaviours can underpin the Safe System of Work and enable other documentation to be minimalistic!

Geoff Murray Director, Experteyes We would love to hear your feedback on Geoff’s suggestion of focussing on behaviours to inform our safety documentation.

You can contact us at info@liftingmatters.com, or contact Geoff directly at geoffmurray@experteyes.com.au or phone 0417 929 651 at Experteyes. Experteyes can provide behavioural training, and also offers a great set of posters which are very useful in any crane related work place. Readers are welcome to contact Geoff to get access to this information.

August 2010, Waikato, New Zealand

AN EMERGENCY RESPONSE ACTION PLAN Should construction workers be faced with an accident that results in a need to call for help from the emergency services, then the following is an easy to follow Emergency Action Plan.

1) Without placing yourself or others in harm’s way, check for any further Danger.

Remove the danger from the casualty or remove the casualty from the danger.

2) Alert the emergency services personnel by ringing Triple Zero and asking for ambulance attendance and advice;

telephone line open for the emergency services personnel to contact you for updates; 4) Do a head count, have someone in authority cross check the sign in/attendance book with the physical count of each worker; 5) Any crisis needs leadership. Gently, but confidently, delegate important tasks to those willing to help. Give people a key job.

Ask someone to direct the emergency vehicles; ask another to alert the first aid officer and another to help carry vital equipment; 6) Documentation is important. Have another person accurately write down the casualty’s name, the times that the emergency happened and roughly what happened. Keep a record for your company and hand a copy to the paramedics;

One call will alert all Emergency Services Personnel.

7) A job debrief is an important learning tool. If you think that someone isn’t coping well after an emergency, let your supervisor know so that additional counselling can be offered if needed.

3) The ambulance service will ask for specific details such as the incident’s exact location and what happened. Leave the

http://www.beyondblue.org.au or call 1300 224 636.

Update your Emergency Action Plans and practice and document them regularly. If you want to some more guidance on developing an Emergency Response Plan, please drop an email to baf.kuka@firstaidsafetytraining.com.au. Remember, Stay Healthy, Stay Safe!

Baf Kuka, First Aid Safety Training

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Example

EMERGENCY ACTION PLAN Here is an example First Aid/Incident Report form you could use to record information about the incident.

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Safety Alert

SLEWING CRANES WITH RETRACTED TRACKS Several Mobile Crawler Cranes offer the ability to self-retract and extend their own tracks, allowing for more efficient transportation. It is also permitted to complete this activity with counterweight fitted to the slewing upper deck.

Once a Crawler Crane has retracted its tracks, its behaviour in stability is greatly affected, and it should be considered unstable if the upper slewing deck is not positioned in line with the tracks.

If the crane was to slew, then the ‘counterweight moment’ will extend beyond the tipping line and result in the crane tipping

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over backwards.

A Crane Operator should always follow the manufactures specifications in relation to extending tracks, retracting tracks and safe configurations with tracks retracted. In simple terms, the approach should be: Tracks Retracted In = Slew Pin Installed By installing the Slew Pin whilst the upper slewing deck is in line with the tracks, Slewing Operations on the Crane are not possible.

In standard operations an operator of the crane must not retract its tracks without the slew pin fitted. Common cranes affected by this include 40T to 110T capacity Lattice Boom Crawler Cranes.

In October 2015 on a project in Gladstone, QLD a 65T Crawler Crane (Kobelco 7065) fitted with counterweights and butt section, operating with retracted tracks was being loaded onto a transport float. The crawler crane was facing in a forward position (facing the float) and the operator was asked to turn the crane around so the counterweights were at the front of the float. The operator then pulled the slew pin out and started to slew. Once the crane had swung around 90° the crane tipped backwards onto its counterweights. An alternative action for the operator to spragg/crawler the crane into the new orientation could have avoided the incident. The occurrence highlighted the necessity to reiterate the importance of understanding crane stability.

Russia, 2015

INCIDENT REPORT A crane operator was unloading materials at an apartment block construction site in Krasnoyarsk, Russia in June of this year. The operator raised the telescopic boom, making contact with high tension overhead powerlines.

The lines continued to arc, until the power lines burnt out, causing the crane to catch fire. While the fire service arrived almost immediately, the live current meant even dousing the flames was a serious danger. The operator burned to death in the crane. Other fires resulted in the area due to the power of the electrical arcing being so strong.

Source: http://www.craneaccidents.com/2015/08/report/russian-electrocution

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Austria, 2014

INCIDENT REPORT As a crane or truck operator, being trained to respond to contact with overhead powerlines can be the difference between life and death. A truck operator was travelling back from site with the loader boom not stowed away properly, due to other equipment loaded on the tray of the truck.

The crane boom caught on 15,000 volt overhead power lines as it passed over a railway level crossing, causing the truck’s tyres to catch fire. The operator, an experienced driver, remained calm and remained safely in the cab while the fire department responded by organising the power to be cut and extinguishing the blaze. The crew waited a further period of time to ensure no residual current remained, when the operator was finally able to leave the cab.

Source: http://www.craneaccidents.com/2014/10/report/drivers-actions-save-life

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Working Safely

OVERHEAD POWER LINES Many of you may have heard the saying ‘Look Up and Live,’ a catch phrase that underpinned Ergon Energy’s 2010 community and industry awareness campaign about the risks associated with working near electricity network assets. Since then, the phrase has been adopted by a number of organisations with activity that is regularly carried out near overhead lines. Sadly, overhead power lines are commonly the cause of serious incidents in the crane industry, because safe work practices are not employed around the hazard.

A visit to any crane accidents website brings up pages and pages of archived incidents involving overhead power lines.

Did you know that as a machinery operator or other worker working near powerlines, you have legal safety obligations, mandated in the Electrical Safety Act 2002? All the more reason to ensure you are well educated and informed when it comes to safe work practices around power lines.

Take these 5 simple pointers when working near overhead power lines: 1. Identify the electrical hazards present at your work front or site. Identify all overhead power lines in the area, through visual identification, site maps, or plans. Ensure you know exactly how high the overhead lines are. Do not make an assumption, as the

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overhead lines can appear to be at different heights depending on the angle they are viewed from. You can sometimes obtain special maps and information from electricity supply companies.

Convey any hazards with your supervisor and work crew.

2. Conduct a risk assessment, thinking about the impact the weather may have on the powerlines, such as sagging and movement. Consider how visibility might be affected by the time of day or weather. Ensure as an operator you are fully aware of the height of the machinery you are driving in both stowed and working positions.

3. First and foremost, get powerlines de-energised wherever possible. Ensure you have received confirmation from the appropriate party that the lines have been switched off.

4. If the powerlines can’t be switched off, it’s better to find an alternative to working near powerlines. However, always treat all powerlines as live. If the work must be done, ensure markers are installed on the powerlines to increase visibility.

An electricity supply company can install markers or tiger tails on your site. Install appropriate signage at least eight to ten metres either side of powerlines. Use ground barriers where appropriate.

5. You must maintain exclusion zones. An exclusion zone is the minimum safe approach distance from an overhead power line. All of the operation, including plant, equipment, vehicles and personnel, must stay out of the exclusion zone. Generally, equipment must not be operated within 3 metres of voltages up to 132kV, 6 metres of voltages up to 330kV and 8 metres for voltages up to 330kV. The only time the exclusion zone may be breached is if the worker is a trained and approved Authorised Person. If there is a possibility the work may breach exclusion zones, you must have a trained Safety Observer nominated to oversee the work.

If you need more help you can contact the relevant electricity supply company for safety advice. They will likely arrange a suitable date and time to meet with you and discuss how to safely work near overhead lines.

Learning and Development

WORKING NEAR POWERLINES Power line fatalities and near misses are still too common across Australia, despite the obvious and well documented risks. Information on working around powerlines is readily available in all states and territories, however operators still take unnecessary risks and are often unaware of the potential dangers.

This is generally due to the following: •• Companies quote jobs and ignore or overlook powerlines in the area to avoid any time or cost it may take to make the area safe.

•• Operators take unnecessary risks due to lack of knowledge, or to please the client and their budgetary and time constraints.

While a SWMS or similar risk assessment are more often than not in place, there are still very rarely any other administrative control measures in place. SWMS are more commonly developed in the office by the safety team, and are generic to avoid re-creation at every job. This practice promotes a very relaxed approach to safety and does not encourage operators and their co-workers to put effective control measures in place.

The training and assessments used in Australia are uniform and outline the following approach to working around powerlines...

If you need to work closer than the specified exclusion zones you must:

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•• Obtain an exemption by contacting the local electrical authority.

•• Have the power lines isolated or insulated (by the electrical authority).

•• If this is not possible then have the power lines insulated.

•• Use an electrical spotter (must be trained as per requirements of the local electrical authority).

This only scratches the surface of highlighting the risks and processes for working near or within exclusion zones. The move over the past many years to a paper and theoretical based approach to safety is numbing operators to the actual practicalities of implementing the right control measures. Too often we rely only on administrative controls, and very little is done beyond this, leading to fatal errors that are easy to avoid.

Having different states with different regulations adds to this problem.

Where to from here. As we all know you don’t normally get a second chance with powerlines, so now is the time that companies need to focus on training staff to use a more practical approach when working around or close to powerlines. Simply signing onto a pre-filled SWMS does not make it safer. Work within the codes of practice and the electrical standards for powerlines in the state you are working in. Use spotters when required, maintain safe operating distances from lines and the big one don’t take risks!!!

Get out of the crane, get the whole work crew together, and take ownership of your safety and those around you.

Matt Shuker/Greg Beer Lifting Skills

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Health and Wellbeing

SUN’S OUT, SUNSCREEN’S ON. Sweltering spring days and the eve of summer mean one thing in Queensland (apart from Christmas carols, backyard barbecues and endless nights spent with family and friends…) – it’s all about sunscreen and sun protection.

Oil free, dry touch, repelling…SPF15, SPF30, SPF50+…aerosols, roll-ons, sprays, pump bottles…there’s a lot of variety lining our supermarket shelves.

It’s important to get past the glare on sunscreen and work out what product is right for you, and how to apply it to get the best protection as we head into the festive season.

1. Wear sunscreen daily - even in your own back yard New Cancer Council research shows half of weekend sunburns occur while Aussies are going about day-to-day activities, with the backyard replacing the beach as a sunburn hotspot.

Yup, you can easily damage your skin if you’re outdoors, unprotected, when the UV Index level is three or above.

In fact, the rate of sunburn while Aussies are gardening, doing chores around the yard, reading, enjoying a picnic in the park or having a barbecue is far higher than the 29 per cent who get sunburned at the beach, lake or pool, and the 21 per cent who get sunburned playing sport.

Sunburn can occur in as little as 15 minutes, even on cold and overcast days in Queensland. It’s vital to get in the habit of checking the UV Index level on a daily basis, rather than relying on temperature or the weather forecast. When the UV Index is three or above (which happens on most days of the year here in Queensland), sun protection is required.

2. SPF30 OR SPF50+?

Despite the bigger number on the bottle, SPF50+ only offers marginally better UVB protection compared with SPF30+. SPF50+ filters out 98 per cent of UVB radiation compared to 96.7 per cent when using SPF 30+ sunscreen.

Cancer Council Queensland recommends the use of sunscreens that are broad-spectrum, water-resistant and SPF30+ or above.

3. Apply correctly, and repeatedly every two hours When applying sunscreen, Cancer Council recommends Queenslanders use one teaspoon of sunscreen per limb, front and back of the torso, and half a teaspoon on their face and neck.

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It’s imperative to reapply sunscreen every two hours – or after sweating, swimming, or towelling dry. We recommend reapplying frequently, as research shows Queenslanders often don’t apply sunscreen correctly at the first application.

4. Slop, Slip, Slap, Seek and Slide While you’re lathering up, also remember to slip, slap, seek and slide. One method of sun protection in isolation is never enough to keep you fully protected from the sun. It’s crucial to seek shade, slide on wrap-around sunglasses, and wear a broadbrimmed hat and sun protective clothing along with lathering on your sunscreen when heading outdoors.

5. Load up your Sunsmart app We’ve got apps to help us manage our time, fitness and priorities.

Smartphones are fast becoming the new weapon in the fight against skin cancer too, with Cancer Council’s SunSmart app available for free download.

The SunSmart app allows users to track UV levels in real time wherever they are in the country, includes advice on applying sunscreen and sets the record straight on vitamin D myths too!

The SunSmart app is available at the app store for free, or online.

6. Get festive in an Ugly Xmas Rashie!

Australia’s answer to the much-loved Ugly Xmas Sweater, the Ugly Xmas Rashie is sun safe and 100 per cent Australian made, with all profits from every sale helping Cancer Council Queensland in the fight against cancer.

The Ugly Xmas Rashie is the perfect way to stay on trend, sun safe and a great support to Cancer Council Queensland this Christmas season. But hurry – the 2015 stock is limited edition and selling out fast!

The Ugly Xmas Rashie is available exclusively online at uglyxmasrashie.com.au.

Queensland has the highest rates of skin cancer in the world.

Don’t get caught out this spring and summer season – stay SunSmart and reduce the overall risk of skin cancer for yourself, your friends and family.

More information about Cancer Council Queensland and staying SunSmart is available at cancerqld.org.au or 13 11 20.

Health and Wellbeing

PSYCHOLOGICAL IMPACT OF FIFO AND SHIFT WORK Last year Lifting Matters featured an article on the psychological impacts of FIFO (fly-in-fly-out) work. As we continue to see a decline in the mining and construction sectors, mental health issues in the FIFO workforce are still prevalent.

FIFO and shift workers are now more than ever reluctant to express dissatisfaction or identify negative health impacts of FIFO work, for fear of losing their job in a declining market. A year on from our original feature on this issue, we now look at how governments, employers and industry associations are looking to address this pressing issue.

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The WA government has embraced the need to improve our culture and systems around FIFO work, and has published a thorough report on the mental health of FIFO workers which included a number of initiatives to better support this workforce.

Other state governments have been less inclined to respond. The Queensland Resources council holds the position that mental health issues are no more prevalent in the FIFO community than in the general community, and that it is up to individual companies to run mental health programs for their workers. But, a recent study by the Edith Cowan University has found that depression rates are twice that in FIFO communities than in the general population. They also suffer higher rates of anxiety and stress. We cannot continue denying that the isolation, pressure, and fatigue related to FIFO work is negatively impacting the mental health of some of this workforce.

So, what’s being done about it? The WA Education and Health Standing Committee, who released the final report on the impact of FIFO work practices on mental health in June 2015, found various challenges of the FIFO work systems. As part of the report, FIFO workers were given the opportunity to highlight issues they felt needed to be addressed within their industry.

These issues included: •• Issues with roster systems including length and inflexibility i.e. inability to have rosters changed •• Bullying and harassment within the workplace and how individuals are treated by Human Resources/management •• Fatigue •• Inadequate communications technology •• Point of hire and travel time •• Financial issues and obesity in the workforce •• Marriage breakups/relationship problems •• Alcohol and drugs as a precipitator of problems on site.

The report also explored suggestions for the introduction of initiatives to counteract these pressures within the FIFO workforce. One such initiative is the released plan ‘Suicide Prevention 2020: Together we can save lives’, which focuses primarily on addressing mental health within the workplace and reducing stigma and discrimination attached to mental health issues. This plan also involves the employer’s legal responsibilities to provide safe and healthy workplace practices. The report also encouraged industry bodies to actively engage with the Suicide Prevention 2020 program to ensure sufficient training for management and supervisors in mental health issues, prevention and management, and in handling suicide attempts within the workforce. Together with educating management in mental health, the report outlined that further education was necessary among the FIFO community. The report proposed engagement of the Mental Health Commission with beyondblue, to develop mental health understanding and mental illness prevention programs specifically for FIFO workers, their families and other resource workers. The education program will ensure FIFO workers and their families are made aware of the lifestyle and nature of

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FIFO work before recruitment, and that information regarding support services are made available to families during this period.

The WA Mental Health Commission has set up a fantastic online resource on the mental health impact of FIFO work, called ‘This Fifo Life’ at www.thisfifolife.com. The website has resources for FIFO workers, their families, friends and bosses.

In addition to family orientated support services, the report supported peer based support programs such as Mates in Construction to provide useful support mechanisms on sites, as well as assisting to break down the stigma around mental health issues. The report also recommended further research into the use of illicit drugs and the connection this has with mental health.

NSW was ahead of the eight ball. The NSW Minerals Council, the leading industry association in the state’s minerals industry, commissioned the University of Newcastle and the Hunter Institute of Mental Health to prepare a report on the Mental Health of the NSW Minerals Industry in 2012. It later released the ‘Blueprint for Mental Health and Wellbeing’ in 2014. The Blueprint provides companies in the resources sector a guide on how to promote positive mental health, respond early to mental health issues, and reduce the impact on the mental health of their workers.

Some major resources companies also have iniaitives to support their FIFO workforce. Rio Tinto Iron Ore have delivered mental health education programs and community based support programs; BHP Billiton released a Mental Health Wellness Standard based on beyondblue’s Heads Up initiative, which outlines their strategy for education and support around mental health issues in their workforce; Sodexo launched an awareness campaign to their workforce on mental health and suicide.

All these initiatives are extremely beneficial to the FIFO community and the large network of people this workforce affects. While there is growing support and resources available to the FIFO community, there remains the need for all of us to ensure we have awareness of this topic, and how we can better assist those around us if our neighbour needs a helping hand. Do you receive the support you feel you need while doing FIFO and shift work? Have you accessed or utilised any of the initiatives we have talked about here? We’d love to hear. Shoot us an email at info@liftingmatters.com.

Disclaimer – This newsletter is not an exhaustive list of all safety matters that need to be considered. Whilst care is taken in preparation of this material, Lifting Matters does not guarantee the accuracy and completeness of this information and how it applies to your situation. Lifting Matters will not be responsible for any loss, damage or costs incurred as a result of errors or omissions in relation to the material in our publication or for any possible actions ensuing from information contained in our publication.

www.liftingskills.com.au/liftingmatters | info@liftingmatters.com