Class activities week 8
roof top
location: kitchen roof material used: TIM-05: external wall lining INS-04: thermal insulation external wall IL-03:impact and fire resistant plasterboard: there is fire resistant plasterboard in the section because the structure is near kitchen, therefore they need it for secure reason to. RFS-01: metal deck roof INS-03: thermal insulation roof : typically for preventing heat INS-08:acoustic insulation roof ; typically for sound insulation AL-06: flashing
knowledge map -Week 8 2.14 CHINGBOOK- BEAM • beams and rigid: transfer the transverse loads across space to supporting elements • deflection: perpendicular distance a spanning member deviates from a true course under transverse loading
8.3 CHING BOOK -DOORWAYS •
saddle: raised piece of flooring between the jambs of a doorway, to make sure a door fits closely to the floor, to prevent its binding when opened.
(resource: http://www.diytimberpacks.com/Userfiles/686/0/doorsaddle_pvso.jpg) • • •
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windows set in the Melbuni's construction are different shape: for light and designing purpose doors does not need to be in specific shape but also could be designed as the function of the buildings. Sill: encourage water to run off from the doorway
aluminum doors: offices and commercial buildings; could also be timber door frame lintel above: to transfer the load above steel doors: timber door inserted. Good for protection. Security purpose, flatter,commonly use in Australia, more expensive than aluminum and timber. Steel rarely transmit heat, so use brick to reduce heat loss windows: highrise buildings are always clean and clear curtain wall: used in willison hall. Commonly use in building, hang with concrete structure, carried its load and transfer the load back to the concrete.
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There have to be separator such as thin wall to separate the windows: to let load transfer thru the wall but not the window. double sail: better insulation. Setting up the door is very costly.
GLASS: • formers: silica =>melted and cooled into a glass • fluxes: soda Ash/ Potash/ Lithium Carbonate => help formers to melt at lower and more practical temperature • stabilizers:Limestone/ Alumina/ Magnesia: combine formers and fluxes to keep the finished glass from dissolving or crumbling. To keep the glass stable and have longer life. History: • blown =>sheet glass => lead crystal =>plate glass => lamination => float glass (molten glass is occured over a bath of molten tin: even surfaces and economic material, used commonly on office buildings) properties: • porosity: non porous/ waterproof • density: medium- high: app2.7x more dense than water, more dense than concrete • conductivity: transmits heat and light but not electricity. Usefully quality • hardness: high, scratched with a metallic object • fragility: high, depends • ductility: low • flexibility: very flexibility and plasticity when molten/ low to very low when cooled. • Durability: very durable- not discolor • reusability:very high • sustainability: high embodied energy, can be reuse • cost: generally expensive to produce and transport compares to timber.. type • • •
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FLAT glass: sheets of clear or tinted float. Laminated, tempered, wired SHAPED glass: curved, blocks, channels, tube. Fibres FLOAT glass: most common glass production process in the world of flat glass => melting and transfer to molten to make it flat then cut ◦ clear float glass- annealed glass: simplest, cheapest, low in risk,breaks in to very sharp and dangers shards LAMINATED glass: tough plastic interlayer (PVB):two glass panes: when 1 st side of glass broken, the middle plastic holds the other part of the glass in order to maintain safety. TEMPERED glass: toughened glass, ◦ produced by heating annealed glass to app 650 degrees, ◦ surface of heating glass are then cooled rapidly creating a state of high compression in outer surfaces of the glass, when load applied, then glass tension =>glass takes some tension. ◦ bending strength is increased by a factor of 4-5 times that of annealed glass and makes it break/shatter into small shaped pieces rather than sharp shards=> improving the safety ◦ use in high exposed situation, eg high rise buildings, or large size required.
Other types
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tinted glass- unexposed to reduce visible light wired glass: steel wire mesh in stead of plastic: low cost fire glass,safely glass patterned glass: used when privacy and light are required curved glass: design requirement- expensive photovoltaic glass: solar cells manufacture glass channels: facade system, fairly in melbourne common in Europe slumped and formed glass: design features glass fibres; hair like strands, used in telecommunications.
Double and triple glazing • 1st skin, moderate the weather outside: keep warm in winter, reduce heat in summer: heat loss and transmission. • Strategies: double glazing:metal coating, keep warm in winter by thin steel wire in middle of two glasses. • In summer: double glazing not useful, better use low e-glass: absorb energy. GLASS • 1st glass building- 1891 wanwright building st- striking. • RWE tower's windows are disappeared and insert together, replaced by glace surface => build building enclosure • culture changes: the way our life changes the glass • window frame: secure to the building, appropriate size for glass window became the glazing system: stand wind and pressure • technology changes: originally very limited shapes and labour costs, high wastage => computer factorizes and computer controlled 24 hrs, high quality and finishing, wider categories and uses • glass is material: controlled cooling => glass • crystal, glass • sand melted=> naturally glass: invisible stone • visual transpiring • transfer water and light, sound • glass is the interface between the building and the sun; warmth and energy • sun: bad for health=> beneficial for health => balanced the sunlight => • natural
Glossary week 8 KEY TERMS
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Window Sash: the framework of a window that holds the glass
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Door Furniture: the items that attached to a door or a drawer to enhance its functionality or appearance Deflection: is the perpendicular distance a spanning member deviates from a true course under transverse loading.
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Stress: combination of compressive and tension stresses developed at a cross section of a structural member to resist a transverse force
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Moment of Inertia: in a structural member, the product of each element of mass times the square of the distance from an axis.
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Shear Force: a force acting on a body which tends to slide one portion of the body against the other side of the body.