Division Linked

CONTENTS Foehn in Taitung Foehn Winds _ Foehn, Thermal convection, Monsoon, Valley and Chinook

Gaotai in Luye _ Topography

Conceptual development _ 01 & 02 Conceptual development _ 03 Form finding Plan Section Axonometric Final presentation

DIVISION LINKED NO.001

000

Foehn in Taitung

Changbin

Haiduan

Chenggong

3300 m 3000 m

Chihshang

2500 m 2000 m

Yanping

1500 m Dunghe

Alpine tundra Alpine grassland

+2500 m

Coniferous forest

+2000 m

Mixed coniferous & deciduous forest Broadleaf forest

+1500 m

laurel forest

+1000 m

500 m

A’

monsoon forest

maritime plant

Taitung city

Beinan

+500 m

A

台東為發生焚風次數最 多的地方，較於台灣其 它地區 Taitung’s foehn occurred the most often times in Taiwan currently.

A’ Taitung

southwest Lyudao

Jinfong Gradient Daren

Section of the southwest Observatory

Taitung_Vegetation Ecology

Taimali 55~100% 16~30% 6~15% ＜5%

A

Dawu

TAITUNG

Ⅰ 120°0’E

台東位於台灣之東南端，東臨太平洋 當地為副熱帶季風氣候，均溫攝 ，西倚中央山脈中斷主稜，東北側有 氏約23度，日照強烈，蒸發量高 海岸山脈屏障，兩山脈接成東北往西 ，因此空氣較為乾燥。 南走向，整體呈東西窄南北長之形狀 。擁有海拔至3666m的關山 Taitung is located in the southeastern tip of Taiwan, east of the Pacific Ocean, and west-side relies on the main ridge of the Central Mountain, there are barriers of Seashore Mountain in the northeast side, the two mountains connect from northeast to southwest, Guanshan is 3666 m above sea level in the vicinity.

Local is subtropical monsoon climate, the average temperature of about 23 ℃, strong sunlight, high evaporation, so that the air is dry.

00

25°30’N

Ⅱ

23°40 N

121°50’E Taitung

引發台東焚風之案例以中 度颱風為主，其中以Ⅰ路 徑發生次數最多，Ⅱ路徑 其次 Events raised the foehn mainly by medium-strength typhoon in Taitung, occuring most often in the path Ⅰ, Ⅱ next.

80

焚風發生時，溫度明顯 上升，相對溼度下降

60 40 h (%) 20 [relative] 0 hrs

09 10 11

12

13

14 15

16 17

18 19 20 21 22 23 00 01

02 03 04 05 06 07

40 35 30 t (℃) 25 hrs

09 10 11

12

13

14 15

16 17

18 19 20 21 22 23 00 01

02 03 04 05 06 07

When foehn occurs, the temperature rose significantly, also the relative humidity decreased during the six hours.

[ 2012 Aug. ] Data Analysis

When foehn occured in Taitung, the center of range of typhoon.

The changing of temperature / humidity during the past 24 hours

001

Foehn

3℃

+3000 m

+2000 m

溫度上升 Temperature rise 13℃

9℃

-0.6℃/100m

1℃/100m

15℃

+1000 m -1℃/100m

23℃ 33℃

25℃

濕度劇降 the sharp drop in humidity

風速增加 wind speed increases 降雨停止 the rainfall stops

Foehn_schematic diagram Reference-definition

皮膚經長時間暴露下，則有紅腫發癢的情況

可燃物質自燃現象發生

The skin after prolonged exposure outside, may have itchy swelling.

The phenomenon of spontaneous combustion of combustible material.

風速轉變大，不適合戶外活動

農作物受損，影響農民生計

Wind speed changes intensively, it is not suitable for outdoor activities.

Damage to crops, affecting the livelihood of farmers.

風向轉變 wind shifts

±0

Percentage

Humidity:

Temperature:

下降率超過15%以上 且濕度低均在60%以下 (相對溼度)

一小時內上升2.5℃以上 且實際氣溫值均在30℃以上

The rate of decline more than 15%, and low humidity was below 60% (Relative humidity)

Disaster and Influence

Change in the weather

3℃

Rise above 2.5 ℃ within one hour, and the actual temperature values were above 30 ℃

34.5% 65.5%

Peripheral circulation (Southwesterly airstream) typhoon

Introduction Conditional genetic

Topography

自低層到高層的高空風強且與山脈交角大，風向 垂直於山脈的風量大且水氣多

剖面山勢具有一定的高度(2000~2500m)且寬度窄

Large angle between the strong wind and high mountains, perpendicular direction of the wind to mountains at hign speed, having huge quantities of steam.

The width of the narrow mountain profiles have a certain height.

(Taitung-based)

Forming principle

Range

迎風面每上升100m下降0.65℃(濕空氣) 背風面每下降100m上升1℃(乾燥空氣) 下衝氣流因壓力變大，容積被壓縮所以溫度上升

範圍不拘，方圓可超過100 km，時間最短2 小時最長17小時(3~6居多)

Windward, rising every 100m fall 0.65 ℃ (humid air) Leeward side, droping 100m rise 1 ℃ (dry air) Due to pressure increases, the volume of downburst is compressed, and the temperature do rise.

Informal range, the radius of more than 100km, the shortest in 2 hours up to 17 hours. (majority in 3-6 hours )

Shelterbelt

Terminalia catappa

10m

In response to foehn characteristics, so choose the species of windbreak, resistance to strong winds and drought, and with the best fire resistance features.

Scaevola taccada

3m

匍匐狀常綠多年生小灌木，高1~3m 春至夏季開花 Creeping like a small evergreen perennial shrub, high 1 ~ 3m.

Bloom in Spring to summer.

(防風、定砂、綠化和美化)

為因應焚風的特性，所以選擇的防 風林樹種為耐旱、耐強風與最佳防 火性的功能。

落葉喬木，高可達10m 夏季開花 Deciduous trees, can up to 10m.

Bloom in summer.

防風林種植密度60~80%最適合， 防風範圍為7.5倍樹的高度為距離 ，風速最小在1~4倍樹高的範圍內 Windbreak forest density of 60 to 80% is suitable for reducing the effect in range of 7.5 times height of the tree, the minimum windspeed within the range of 1 to 4 times height .

002

Winds _ Foehn, Thermal convection, Monsoon, Valley and Chinook

H

Thermal Lift Principle of Thermals Adiabatic Lapse Rate

+1000 m

Stop to rise.

20℃

Shortwave radiation

+500 m

30℃

P (Atmospheric pressure) D*V=M D(density) V(volume) M (mass) M is constant.

P, V , D

周圍空氣 20℃ 密度相等/重量相等

P↓, V↑, D↓

周圍空氣 25℃ 密度較大/重量較重

T↑, D↓

周圍空氣 30℃ 密度較大/重量較重

Gravity

+10m

WARM AIR

COOL AIR

Longwave radiation

GL

40℃

H +2000 m The atmosphere is stable, convection no longer happens +1500 m

At this height, the cloud will stop to rise

+500 m

T (℃) 5

N 50

E90

100

110

120

130

140

10

15

20

25

30

35

對應之溫度乾絕熱遞減率 (-1℃/100m)

When a mass of air is heated by the sun or other means it becomes warmer than the surrounding air and will rises. It continues to rise, cooling by expansion as it does so.

上升氣流形成的原因，太陽氣溫 升高，直到與周圍溫度與壓力相 同時，氣體則不在上升。對於飛 行傘是重要的上升動力。

實際環境溫度遞減率 (-1.5℃/100m)

+1000 m

L

southwest monsoon

dominant vectors of surface winds (winter/summer)

Yellow Sea

夏季

summer

oo n on s M In dia n

WARM AIR

PACIFIC

nM o so on n

100

110

120

130

140

H

150

L

Siberian High 40

East Sea

30 Yellow Sea PACIFIC 20

WINTER

wet

DAY

1000 km

季風氣候，隨著季節溫度的變 化，地表的風向也跟著改變， 地球自轉台灣則吹東北與西南 季風。

熱 hot 潮濕

loess distribution in China

H

sia

E90

Valley_formivg principle

present 100m isobath

A st Ea

N 50

unstable state between moist and dry adiabatic.

Foehn

30

SUMMER

Water vapor will condense

西南氣流

COOL AIR East Sea

20

-0.65℃/100m

150

sea-level pressure (hPa) 40

inversion layer

WARM AIR

山谷風的形成，跟日夜 地表散、受熱程度差異 所導致 Resulting in the formation of the valley and mountain winds, with the differences in heat dissipation during the whole day.

時間短 short time

Chinook 東北季風

northeast monsoon

冬季

winter

East Asian monsoon As the seasonal temperature variability on the continent is greater than that in that seasonally changes its direction, forcing NW and SE surface winds in winter and summer, respectively.

COOL AIR

冷 cool 乾燥

NIGHT

落山風 Chinook 來源為乾燥的東北季風 ，冬季發生較多，越過 之處為山脈尾段，落差 不大，加上風速效應有 減溫的趨勢，在新竹則 稱為「九降風」 From the dry northeast monsoon, occuring more in winter.

Crossing the mountains in the tail section which is not high, and the effect of wind decreases temperature, Hsinchu is locally called "Winds of September" comparision between Chinook and Foehn

dry

時間長 long time

1000 km

003

Ma

CONTEXT

in r

oa d

s_ ta

rre d

/c

Ag ric ult ure _d ry

em e

Gaotai in Luye _ Topography

[ Artificial ]

nt

花東鐵路 / 台九線 / 鬆面硬面道路 Huatung Railway / Tai-Chiu Line / tarred/cement roads

far m

in g

Ⅰ 西南部丘陵階地，鹿野溪侵蝕下切的影 響，使得今日西南部形成此地貌，並伴以摺 曲及斷層等特殊構造，且當地人文歷史豐富 ，以茶、鳳梨為主的農業日漸盛行，加上觀 光事業的發展，此地呈現多元面貌。

Ⅱ 中北部平原分別由卑南大溪及支流鹿 寮溪所貫穿沖積，土壤平坦肥沃適於農 耕，是鹿野鄉的農作精華帶，聚落分布 明顯，以主要道路為中心向東西兩側擴 散。

Ⅲ東部山地即指海岸山脈位於鹿野 鄉的部分，目前地區屬於林業畜牧 區，現仍保有70℅的自然面貌。

Southwestern hilly terrace is eroded by Luye River, which makes the form in this area, with a special structure of stratum to bending and faults, etc...

Rich cultural history, tea, pineapple mainly agricultural are becoming popular gradually, coupled with the development of tourism, presenting here pluralistic outlook.

The north central site of alluvial plain is originated by Luye River and Baeinan River, flat landscape and fertile soil are conducive to farming, essence belt in Luye, the distribution of settlements are following the main roads significantly, spreading from center to both west and east sides.

Coast Mts. is located on the east mountains of Luye township.

Currently, this area belongs to forestry and livesstock farming, there is still nearly 70 ％ natural landscape.

Baeinan River 地形與地勢高度鹿野鄉分為三個區域 Luye township is divided into three regions (Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ ) by topography and terrain.

tea

fru i

t tr

Luliao River

稻米 / 玉米 / 畜牧業 / 林業 rice / corn / livestock / forestry

ee

0

rca

ne

福鹿茶 / 鳳梨 / 甘蔗 tea / pineapple / sugarcane

fie ld CONTEXT

Luye Gaotai is isolated on the plain.

[ Natural ]

dl an

To po g Sa tel lite

d

ti o

The altitude of Paragliding Takeoff is 350m hign in Gaotai , and ground height of 160m, with broad airspace in Luye.

Each year the summer monsoon from the Pacific passes by from southern Baeinan River to coast mountains, blowing through The Coastal Range in April / May. the movement of winds is a good condition of enviroment for paragliding, grand events is hold by local government between autumn and summer.

n

m

m

365

365

250 200

230 120 0.8

2.4

m

m

365

365

un g

_L

uy e_ G

ao

tai

1.2

1.7

km

km

0.8

4.0

2.4

5

km

5.0

km

5.0

km

365 230 120 0.4

1.2

1.7

0.8

km

m

m

365

365

225

230

200

5

m

225 200

the flat terrace in Longtian, paragliding landing field.

4.0

120 0.4

龍田大地棋盤，位於花東縱谷南段，鹿野 溪北岸，為一地勢平坦且遼闊的河階地， 此部分區域為高台飛行傘的降落場。

2.4

230

225 200

m

Gaotai

0.8

4.3 km

365

Ta it

km

高台此處為河階地形景觀，階地中以龍田村所位之階為 最廣闊平坦之處，海拔約170 m至220 m之間，土質鬆 軟地勢高亢，是鄉內的一大特色。

鹿野高台飛行傘起飛場海拔約350m，與地面差約160m ，空域寬廣無障礙，每年四月左右，夏季東南季風由太 平洋經卑南溪沿岸山脈吹入花東縱谷區，本場地因正對 東南季風風向，有強勁的上升氣流，適合飛行傘運動進 行，每年夏、秋二季為活動盛期。

rap hy

co ns tel la

3

The river terrace of Longtian is the flatest place in landscape of Gaotai fluvial terrace, between an altitude of 170 m to 220 m, soft soil high terrain, are features to the township.

Ri v er

Sa n

2

永安村 / 龍田村 Yong'an / Longtian

Luye River

su ga

1

2.4

4.0

120 0.4

1.2

1.6

km

0.8

2.4

4.0

004

Conceptual development _ 01 & 02 02 STRUCTURE

CONCEPT

A B C D

section X-axis

01 PERSPECTIVE

基地高層與峽谷 The relationship between horizontal and vertical.

A

試圖利用兩地高地差的虛實關係

B

Make use of the different height.

D

01

經由概念發展，探討基地與空間的 關係

02

According to the development of concept, to find the relation between site and space.

與基地的接觸 Contact and connect to the site.

type_2

透過載體連結兩地

透視作為視線的開口 view of perspective

type_3

05

To link the divisions of site with carrier.

04

03

02

type_1

01

x

Placed a container on the valley.

section Y-axis

y

在峽谷上置入一個容器

03

From the horizontal to the vertical section, after rotating 90 degrees, the formation of X / Y space mix each other , defined by the virtual.

C

04

Depth perspective in the valley, changing with the flow.

從水平垂直向剖面，旋轉90度後形成X/Y 兩軸線空間交叉，由虛定義實。

05

在谷中所產生的深度透視，隨著動 線改變遊走。

005

Conceptual development _ 03 Form finding 03 CIRCULATION

Ⅰ

Ⅱ

Ⅲ

Ⅳ

Ⅴ

Ⅵ

Ⅶ

Ⅷ

Ⅸ

prototype Form finding

sketch

plan

digital simulation

02

01

02

01

02

01

02

01

02

01

02

01

02

01

02

01

02

01

section

type 01

type 02

006

functional space

virtual

dn

up

dn

dn

dn

dn

dn

up

dn

dn

dn

up

up

up

up dn

+0

0 1 2 3 4m

-1550

0 1 2 3 4m

-1150

0 1 2 3 4m

-750

0 1 2 3 4m

-350

0 1 2 3 4m

-50

0 1 2 3 4m

Plan

虛空間與各樓層的關係，切線隨著高度逐漸移動。

The relationship between virtual and layers in different height.

007

Section

0 1 2 3 4m

+10 -150

0 1 2 3 4m

0 1 2 3 4m

0 1 2 3 4m

+100 -150

-250 -500

-500

-900

-900

-1300

-1300

-1700

-1700

waterline

樓梯，垂直動線主要在東南側，東側為主要的活動空間，西側為導 入氣流的通風管，讓風能進入室內。 Stairs Mainly, vertical movement in the southeast side of the building, the east side, event space with activities, the west side, the space of ventialation allows winds to penetrate into the interior space.

008

Stainless metal hallway light weight and moistureproof

Stainless steel wire the entrance / exist of ventialation space To filter and condense water vapor, when flowing into the space.

Nylon mesh the roof To keep a good air circulation and against the foehn.

1

2

3

Material Position Function / feature

#division #link #site #behaviors #space

In response to vertical changes in the environment, there are several users for each space- requirements in diverse levels.

因應環境的垂直變化，使用者對於各分層有不同的空間需求。

2

2

1

3

2

2

equipment room

shower room

toilet

fishing area

leisure space

play area

reading area

reading area

entrance

lounge

master room

toilet

balcony

mezzanine

living room

dining room

kitchen

entrance

Function

hallway

Axonometric

009

#CIRCULATION

#STRUCTURE

#PERSPECTIVE

As a bridge, connecting north and south side via the space.

Through dividing, one of the elements, to redefine the relationship between the physical and virtual. Allow activities to shuttle freely on the site.

連接北邊與南邊的區塊，作為基地的橋樑 藉由分割這項元素，重新定義實與虛之間的關係 能夠讓行為在空間中與基地中自由穿梭。

自然與人為因素，塑造出連接兩地適合的方式，對於基地的掌握；環境分析與地形地貌，成為 設計發展的重要階段，過程中透過行為的介入讓空間有了靈魂，最後使載體逐漸地具有不同的 生命力。 Artificial and natural factors, create a connection between north and south parts with appreciate ideas and methods; environment and topography analysis are an important stage in process of design development. Acts of intervention, so that the space has a soul, and the carrier gradually become vitality.

Division Linked

Final presentation

010