YOKOHAMA INTERNATIONAL PORT TERMINAL UTS 11365 JAPAN STUDY TOUR 2016 ASSESSMENT 01A BUILDING LU BAI
HISTORY & PEOPLE
1859
the port of yokohama was opened
HISTORY & PEOPLE
1923
Destruction of the harbor facilities by the Great Kanto Earthquake.
1930
Completion of Yamashita Park.
The West Pier at the beginning of the Meiji Era
1894
Completion of the Yokohama Harbor Pier (today's Osanbashi Pier).
Osanbashi Pier as of 1909
Yamashita Park(opened in 1930)
HISTORY & PEOPLE
HISTORY & PEOPLE
Project delivery structure conventional
project leader
project
senior architect
?
?
?
senior architect
?
?
other members
Alejandro Zaera-Polo & Farshid Moussavi YOKOHAMA PROJECT 1991 worked at OMA
1993 co-founded FOA teached at AA
1995 Winned Yokohama Competition
1999 Started Yokohama project
2002 Yokohama project finished construction
architect student
architect
senior architect
principal project
student
architect Alan Balfour Former Chairman of AA
Shin Egashira
senior architect
principal student
CONTEXT ANALYSIS
CONEXT ANAYLSIS
The floor area of the Yokohama International Port Terminal is around 34,732 square meters, locating 4 kilometres away from the central of Yokohama.
GREEN BELT yokohama station
DEMOCRATIC tourist citizen
MERGE low
1:15000 SITE PLAN pedestrian circulation vehicle transport
metro transport ferry transport
0
150
300m
high
CONCEPT
CONCEPT
Potential circulation paths of different user groups
The No-return Circulation Pattern
PLAZA
PLAZA
VISITOR’S DECK
ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL
ENTRY/EXIT TP SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS
CITY
TRANSPORT PLAZA
LOBBY NATIONAL
CHECK-IN NATIONAL
CITY
HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
IMMIGRATION
INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY
ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL
ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS
ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION
ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION
VISITOR’S DECK
TRANSPORT PLAZA
LOBBY NATIONAL
CHECK-IN NATIONAL
HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY
IMMIGRATION
FERRY
FERRY
CRUISE DECK
CRUISE DECK APRON
APRON
CAR PARK
CITIZEN PATH
CAR PARK
PLAZA
PLAZA
VISITOR’S DECK
ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL
ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS
CITY
TRANSPORT PLAZA
LOBBY NATIONAL
CHECK-IN NATIONAL
CITY
HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
IMMIGRATION
INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY
ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL
ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS
ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION
ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION
VISITOR’S DECK
TRANSPORT PLAZA
LOBBY NATIONAL
CHECK-IN NATIONAL
HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
IMMIGRATION
FERRY
INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY
FERRY
CRUISE DECK
CRUISE DECK APRON
APRON
CAR PARK
CAR PARK
PUBLIC AMENITIES TRANSPORTAION SERVICE TERMINAL FUNCTIONS
DEPATURE PATH
PLAZA
To break the conventional linear path in a transportation building where usually a transportation building works as an input-output device, with very clear orientation: departures and arrivals. To explore the possibility of a transportation infrastructure that could operate less as a gate, as a limit, and more as a field of movements with no structural orientation.
VISITOR’S DECK
ENTRY/EXIT TO TERMINAL
ENTRY/EXIT TO SHOPS/RESTAIRANTS
ENTRY/EXIT HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
SHOPS RESTAURANTS EXHIBITION
CITY
TRANSPORT PLAZA
LOBBY NATIONAL
CHECK-IN NATIONAL
HALL OF CIVIC EXCHANGE
IMMIGRATION
INTERNATIONAL PASSENGER LOBBY CRUISE DECK
APRON
CAR PARK
ARRIVAL PATH
FERRY
CONCEPT
CONCEPT
The No-return Circulation Pattern
amenity level
terminal level
carpark level
terminal level
carpark level
artificial landscape
artificial landscape
artificial landscape
amenity level
To extend the fluid circulation into the context, the building is designed to disappear from the skyline, to be consistent with the idea of not making a gate on a semantic level. The building has three levels and is designed to be flat, and therefore it looks like an extension of landscape.
artificial landscape
To spread the building mass as thin as possible they occupied the maximum area possible within the site. This is also why the building has a rectangular footprint. This extension connects with the context almost seamlessly especially because the roof deck is a public open space.
CONCEPT
circulation + landscape form
CONCEPT
+ WATER
d
c b d
form a
c b
section d-d
restaurant, civic exchange, sea bus
section c-c
boarding deck, foyer, shops
section b-b
terminal, boarding decks, galleries to foyer,shops
section a-a
terminal, boarding decks, luggage rooms
a
LAND
WATER
circulation
LAND
The connection between the circulation paths was always set as a bifurcation, so that rather than setting the programs as a series of adjacent spaces with more or less determined limits, they articulated the users in the continuity of a branched sequence along the circulatory system. To further enhance these circulation loops, the form is made symmetrical, some major functions of the building is also mirrored across.
STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE
flooring board 60mm thermal insulation waterproofing membrane
The ground condition on two sides of the building site was different. They have had an indecisive moment whether they should compromise this by making the building asymmetrical. However they couldn't find any conceptual reason on why the building should do that. The warped surface would be built as a corrugated cardboard sheet, using an undulated surface between two plates to provide sufficient structural strength. Higher strength zones would be produced by folding that surface at a larger scale Ă the ramp system linking the different levels of the building. This would be a building without stairs and columns. The ramps became associated to the main longitudinal structural lines, running in two parallel lines along the pier, taking advantage of the depth of their bent to produce the largest structural elements.
secondary fold cold roll steel plate 4mm primary fold steel plate 9mm
+ 2.00 hwl
ROCK SOIL
-56.70 SOIL
SURFACE & SUPPORTING STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE
STRUCTURE
CONSTRUCTION BIRD EYE VIEW
DIAGRAMATIC CONSTRUCTION PROCESS
FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
DETAILS
DETAILS
1
1 CORRUGATED GLASS 2
3 2 CORRUGATED GLASS & ENTRANCE OPENING
corrugated glass glass with hidden frames FOA has pursued an extremely reductive palate of materials in the project, in order to preserve in the detailing of the project was the prevalence of horizontal surfaces as spatial enclosure, versus the vertical enclosure which was ideally non-existent. This automatically split the materials into two: steel and wood for each face of the horizontal surfaces, which were supposed to be very intensively crated in geometry and texture, and glass and railings, which were part of the vertical surfaces and that should tend to vanish.
3 GLASS WITH HIDDEN FRAMES
DETAILS
conveyor belt for luggage
DETAILS
DETAILS
DETAILS
roof deck balustrades
DETAILS
chairs in entrance lobby
DETAILS
DETAILS
DETAILS
FLEXIBLE CONTROL OF SPACE
ROOF DECK PROGRAMS ALLOCATION spring
summer
autumn
winter
through the relocation of the border control fencing, the terminal can generate varying positions for the national border. Something as “fixed” as a national border becomes mobile.
MOVABLE BORDER TERMINAL SERVICES DOMESTIC INTERNATIONAL
movable japanese border
flowers
shade
fallen leaves
floor heating
exhibition the doll’s fesitval the childrens day flower viewing party
Summer festival Beer garden Temporary pool Open air cinema Fireworks
autumn festival art exhibition temporary theater sports field open air cinema
Christmas party New years party Coming of age day Beans scattering ceremony
DETAILS
roof deck open space & outdoor furniture
DETAILS
PROGRAM
PROGRAM 1
2 3 2
4 5
6
7
8
Shinko
7 9
10
11
1 2 3 4 5
Kaigandori
6 7 8 9 10 11
Yamashita Park
sea bus visitor deck rooftop plaza restaurant osanbashi hall CIQ facilities cruise deck lobby leisure amenities traffic plaza car park visitors passengers
PROGRAM
The plaza can host Festivals for every season The differentiated topographical conditions will provide a variety of possibilities to host different events. The organisation of the available space for a festival depends on the character of the festival. There are two organising logics: 1. Fragmented festival – when the activity of the festival is scattered along the roof, creating several event focuses. 2. Compact festival – the activity is located and concentrated on a specific place Both logics uses different area so the roof. A careful planning of these activities can activate the plaza with large amount of people over different seasons, constituting a major attraction for Yokohama citizens.
PROGRAM
SPORTS – Several sports can benefit from the geometry of the roof plaza. A specially designed flat surface will allow the practice of different sports.
PROGRAM
PROGRAM
CONVENTIONS – the terminal main hall The terminal main hall can house different activities other than departure and arrival of passengers. A convention is suitable for various reasons: 1. The terminal main hall has 5215 square meters for exhibitor’s stands 2. 793 square meters for conference area in the Salon of Civic Exchange 3. All related infrastructure is existing 4. 6008 square meters for convention 5. 4215 square meters for leisure
References: - FOA, 2002, The Yokohama Project, Acar, Barcelona, EU