Muhammad Ahmed Asfand - Newcastle University 2016/2017 Stage 3 Portfolio

M

MUHAMMAD AHMED ASFAND STAGE 3 ACADEMIC PORTFOLIO

NEWCASTLE UNIVERSITY/ 16-17 BA HONS ARCHITECTURE

00 CONTENTS

01 SEMESTER - PRIMER

1 2 3 4

[STAGING]

[DEVELOMENT]

[REALIZATION]

[REFINEMENT]

02 SEMESTER - PROJECT

5 6 7 8

[NARRATIVE]

[STAGING]

[PROJECT END]

Indication of new added and improved work

[technology]

MONTAGE ATMOSPHERE STUDY

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1 SEMESTER 1

STAGING THE ENCLOSED ORDER

INTRODUCTION - THE BEGINNING

The explorartion of atmospheres - vital element that describe the way the inside of spaces (most specifically sacred spaces)function. Within Enclosed order, the main focus of Primer was to investigate and experiment with aspect of creating atmpospheres within spaces. The second half of the primer was focused towards creating specific protagonists that would connect with these atmospheres and spaces that they would reside in. The starting of the design, the task was to study atmospheres through different precedents.The purpose of studying these precedents was to allow each student to create their own atmospheres through models, drawings and photomontages. The key features within atmospheres that define spaces are the role of lights and shadows, sound and echoes,and as well as the use materials. Historically, light has been used as a source of connection between God and man and it symbolizes the aspects of religious elements such as heaven, purity and God itself. Similarly, the existence of sound within such spaces are minimalistic but however at times, it is a power element such as the religious choirs within church or the ringing of bell.

These elements create physical atmospheres as well. Materials is quite important within sacred spaces , as each material signifies and expresses different emotions/feelings that are needed to be felt with in religious/sacred spaces. These were the core elements that allowed us to further move on, towards exploring our own atmospheres. The montage on the right side explores the values of these elements within an atmosphere. Higlighting the importance towards light, materials correspondingly. Furthermore, the montage specifically focuses on a space that resembles the importance of religious that express through windows of Islamic geometric pattern and the use of massive sky-light taken as a inspiration and idea from the Pantheon. Finally, the idea was to create mood throught the space as atmospheres are describe as as intangible components of a building + add feelings to spaces which are always important to consider.

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SETTING UP {PROTAGONIST} HERMIT Hermits are religious individuals that practice isolation - more specifically they practice the ritual of isolation praying. These individuals prefer to live alone and at-times away from society which to them allows them to be more closer to God as they believe they can onlly be closer to God if they dedicate their life to praying and living in isolation. However, not all Hermits are the same - each Hermit creates their own routine/ritual of life meaning that they are not accustomed towards a strict routine of religious living. Instance of - A Hermit could live in a society and work in the day, during the night he can dedicate his life to praying and God. Whereas, another Hermit’s life could be solely dedicated towards praying and being closer to God. The life of a Hermit, is a hidden life as they do not like announce themselves as such religious individuals.

The path that Hermits’ follow is unknown but it is always direct in terms of being closer to God. This means that any rituals/activities a Hermit perform,would allow them to be closer to God .This path involves rituals which are followed as: continuous prayer, reading, writing and editing/copying of manuscripts, crafting of icons and religious articles to be exchanges for provision,providing work and servies such as helping others in best possible way they can.However, these are just examples of what Hermits do, as mentioned earlier, each Hermit is different so they can create their own routine/ritual activities as well.

There are three key themes that describe the life of a Hermit. These key themes are isolation , journey and rituals. The study of relating the aspect of architecture in connection to Hermits has been linked through these key themes. Furthermore, the explorartion through out primer till the final design has been on these themes where they are used to create the indeded spaces and design architecture for Hermits. These themes have been explored through model-making, atmospheres montages and drawings.

MONTAGE Hermit Living

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01.

THEME ISOLATION The aspect of isolation is immensely important in the life of Hermits. Initially, it is isolation that describes Hermit as most of the time they are by themselves, excluding themselves from the world and dedicating their life to isolation - for praying , self-knowledge and being closer to God. To achieve such isolation, Hermits followed different concepts and methods such certain Hermits would exclude themselves by wandering in nature and essentially living there. While, some Hermits would exclude themselves at certains times only and some would find sanctuaries in religious buildings and take shelter there.

Secondly, as mention in the study (Taking refuge from modernity: 21st century hermits), the isolation for Hermits take place due to the idea of a struggle, whether it is against evil spirits, restriction of society laid out by those in power or by ubiquitous chemicals or radiation. In this sense, to cope with these factors, praying and isolation comes importantly where they are by themselves and no evil attributes can intersect them.

Lastly, as mentioned earlier regarding each Hermits being different, similarly the level of isolation varies for each Hermit. Some Hermits prefer total isolation which means totally secluded from the society, other Hermits could have some isolation and while others could have isolation preference only for praying and religious activities. As described in Hermits and the New Monasticism: A Study of Religious Communities in Western Europe 10001150. Henrietta Leyser, most Hermits did not seek isolation people but from the world, its concerns and powers.

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02.

THEME RITUALS Although the ritual of praying is the core activity for Hermits, they do follow various other routines and rituals as well. The concept of praying for Hermits is divided itself where the core praying ritual is praying in isolation. Then, other praying ritual include : praying in an nature-open space to further increas the connection to God, praying in accompany which would happen on certain occasions/events where Hermit would gather, perform a chancel and pray.

Apart from the rituals of praying, the rituals of daily-routine are important to Hermits as well as they believe the daily activities they perform allows them to connect to God. The prime example of daily rituals could be managing garden, writing/copying scripts, cleansing/ hygiene and church/ chapel services. As mentioned earlier, the daily rituals varies from Hermit to Hermit. A conceptual routine of a Hermit could be as follow: Rise at 3:30 a.m. (less time focus on sleep and more praying). If not praying, the time would usually spent on taking care of the hermitage for couple of hour. If the hermit owns any animal or ground, they would be tend as well.

Starting from 7 a.m., official praying time starts and the ending time varies as Hermits believe God sets their daily praying ritual. Food is eaten before and after the prayer and meditation. Bedtime for Hermit depends on if all the work of the day has been completed and until then they do not sleep.

Similarly, if a Hermit is working or providing services, the rituals/routine are then followed during the time the Hermit becomes free.

MONTAGE THE RITUALS

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03.

THEME JOURNEY These rituals and routines basically creates a journey for Hermits. This journey symbolizes the life of Hermit where everything a Hermit would be part of his journey to finding God. Hermits life highlights the importance of finding and being closer to God. The rituals and routines helps Hermit in accordance to that. Furthermire, the Hermit’s path is a religious ritual, it is a journey that is followed through continuation of praying/worshipping, reading, writing, editing/copying of manuscripts, crafting of icons and religious articles to be exchanges for provision. The journey itself signifies the solitude life of a Hermit and it can be described as a transitional space that connects with the Hermit’s solitary spaces( spaces where Hermits reside).

The journey signifies the goals set by each Hermit for example as mentioned in OUT OF THIS WORLD: THE LIFE OF A HERMIT (diocesan) : Mary’ who is a hermit,her life follows a plan of life daily including times of complete silence/solitude, but also allows for times of “work” which can include manual labor, language study, works of mercy if a dire need arises, personal spiritual growth, and some very limited spiritual correspondence/direction with people seeking help, as well as occasionally giving retreats or talks, all under the direction of the bishop. Essentially, this becomes her daily journey of being closer to God where each task done under different circumstances forms a journey of a path.W

MONTAGE THE JOURNEY

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DEVELOPMENT THROUGH MODELS FACADE STUDY

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2

DEVELOPMENT

SEMESTER 1

ATMOSPHERES and SPACES

After the initial study of the type of protagonist and narrative I would be having for the desing. The next step was to explore the type of spaces the protagonist would dwell in. The idea was to create atmospheres that would highlight the different features of the spaces that the Hermit could dwell on. Initial development began through sketches where different idea were explored , showcasing how the ancient Hermits used to dwell. The sketches were trying to demonstrate atmospheres of natural architecture such as caves and trees and how these could be connected to bring a proper dwelling spaces within natural environments. Furthermore, the sketches explored the concept of making architecture and spaces for the Hermits.Aftwerwards, the atmospheres for the hermits were explored through model-making. Since, the semester was dedicated to primer, penty of exploration was done through model-making, combining differet materials to study atmospheres. Most importantly the aim of making models was to highlight the type of spaces that Hermits dwell in and how these spaces could help towards the final project.Development through sketches shown on right page.

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DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SKETCHES

DEVELOPMENT THROUGH MODELS CONCEPT 02

MATERIALS STUDY Then, the study of materials was done which was to express the notion of nature as the idea was to use a material that would represent nature for the Hermits. The model aims to express that through desigining a concept of space taken inspiration from churches.

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MOVING FORWARD

DEVELOPMENT HERMITS’ PRAYING SPACE

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VISUALIZING - HERMITS’ SPACE Expressing the connection between architecture/isolation and nature

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INSPIRATION Belt chapel Hiroshi Nakamura & NAP Architects Further investigating the spaces for Hermits, the idea was to develop spaces according to the key themese of isolation, rituals and journey. As the previous pages highlighted the design idea of Hermits spaces for living and praying. Next, the study was done on creating a space that exhibits the journey and rituals of Hermits. For this many different precedent and examples of architecture buildings were study but one that stood out was the Belt Chapel existing in Hiroshima, Japan. The building context site exists on the Inland Sea of Japan, providing the aspect the architecture element existing The site is midway on a hill enjoying a panoramic view of the Inland Sea of Japan. The inspirtation was taken from the building as the spiral staircase sort of creates a journey for the people - going from to the top to bottom. This was then explored through a model concept which aim to create a journey space for Hermits. This journey space then could later fit in with other spaces for Hermits such as the cells and praying areas.

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DEVELOPMENT MODEL EXPRESSING JOURNEY

West View 0

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INCONTEXT The montage expresses the idea of how an architecture componenet that symbolizes the journey for Hermits could exist within the context of the nature.

The idea of atmosphere - presenting ways of bringing architecture value and nature value together for the Hermits where the architecture value in this case represents the theme of Journey for hermits.

JOURNEY END The journey would come to an end at the top where the Hermits cells/ dwelling spaces would be allocated.

Exressing the idea of the journey coming to an end for the day.

TRANSITION The transition space acts as a journey for the hermits - this is the space where different rituals can take place that are important to Hermits such as praying .

PHOTOMONTAGE IDEA OF JOURNEY WITHIN NATURE

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NATURE Nature acting as the main context in connecting spaces/architecture to Hermits living. The idea is to express the importance of Nature as it symbolizes God, to Hermits.

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DEVELOPMENT THROUGH MODELS CUBE STUDY

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3

REALIZATION

SEMESTER 1

PRACTICALITY of SPACES

Through the development stage, the next step was to become coherent and solid with my primer design idea. The tutors mentioned that while my exploration had been interesting - it was broad and not narrowed down towards a single piece of element. With that in mind, the idea was to bring my primer study to single element of design that would help me to develop my final project along the way.

At first, we were handed diffrent precedents to chose from that would help us to develop our design further.

The one I found interesting was Poli House designed by Pezo von Ellrichshausen. Initially it is based on the concept of cube which related well with the narrative and concept of Hermits. With that in mind, initially I started through sketches development, trying to explore ways a cube could hold the require spaces for Hermits such a bedroom, praying, praying area and bathroom. Furthermore, the idea was to develop the key spaces of Hermits within the concept of cube forms such as each dwelling unit and other main spaces such as chapel would in a form or in resemblence of a cube.

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PRECEDENT STUDY: POLI HOUSE Pezo von Ellrichshausen Part of the primer was taking an architectural precedent for expoloration and analysis in linked to the development of our individual narratives and design. The precedent that I conducted the study on was the Poli House

by Pezo von Ellrichshausen. Poli House is located within Coliumo peninsula, Chile. It exists away from busy city, in a rural setting scarcely populated by farmers, independent fishermen and a few summer tourists as described

by Archdaily. Furthermore, Archdaily explains the idea of Poli House -a compact and autonomous piece of architecture ,built in order to capture at least two things: the sensation of a natural podium surrounded by vastness and the dizzying and wide open space produced by the sight of the sea washing against the rocks at the foot of the cliffs. The internal function that the building provide is quite interesting to observe - as the building functions both as a summer house and a cultural center, due to this aspect the rooms are describes as functionless - without any function. This means that the functions are decided by how the spaces are being used by individual/group users.

Furthermore, due to this the internal spaces are describe empty and endless since they continue without having a proper conclusion to them.

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DEVELOPMENT PRECEDENT STUDY

These elements were quite interesting to study and allowed me to take an inspirtation from them. Secondly, the in-site context,building shape and finishes showed that this precedent could bring a connection wit the Hermits as narrative. The context of Poli-House describes the building existing away of society and own it own, meaning what is happing aroound the building, does not concern the element and and the building itself.

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PRECEDENTMODEL ANALYSIS MODEL poli-house

Furthermore, the building shape expresses simplicity as it just a cube which holds a strong connection with Hermits as Hermits living and life is always related to simplicity. The concept of cube and square is followed throughout the design in Poli-House, such as in the windows. Concrete is the material that has been used in the building - this materials express the value of nature and simplicity. Afterwards, a model study of the Poli-House - expressing The concept of “Russian Matryoshka Dolls� where the spaces in design feel endless.

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MODEL poli-house

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DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SKETCHES

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DERIVING THE FINAL CONCEPT

THROUGH CUBE STUDY FOR PRIMER

After studying Poli House and then later doing more research on the aspect of cubist architecture/buildings, I decided to take a solid approach and finalized the key element that would derive forward my Graduation Project. This idea was to use cube as basis of inspirtation and idea to further develop my work. After the initial study of Hermits and developing their narrative through models/ montages and design - it was time to put a solid foot-step on how to further define this project coherently. The Poli-House was the initial starting point of that - afterwards I decided to experiment with cube forms throug models and drawings. Initially, the idea was to develop units, buildings, chapels for Hermits through the concept of the cube. The next part of portfolio explores on how the concept of cube helped me develop my design.

EXHIBITION PRIMER CUBE STUDY MODELS

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EXPLORATION IN-CONTEXT The concept is explored within the context of a nature context - highlighting how a piece of architecture can exist within such an environment.

The atmosphere tries to highlight the connection between an architecture space that Hermits would reside and how that space can then fit wintin the context of nature environment to signify the connection between Hermits and nature.

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ATMOSPHERE THROUGH FINAL PRIMER MODEL - CHAPEL

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4

REFINEMENT

SEMESTER 1

LEADING to SEMESTER 2

Through the development stage, the next step was to become coherent and solid with my primer design idea. The tutors mentioned that while my exploration had been interesting - it was broad and not narrowed down towards a single piece of element. With that in mind, the idea was to bring my primer study to single element of design that would help me to develop my final project along the way.

At first, we were handed diffrent precedents to chose from that would help us to develop our design further.

The one I found interesting was Poli House designed by Pezo von Ellrichshausen. Initially it is based on the concept of cube which related well with the narrative and concept of Hermits. With that in mind, initially I started through sketches development, trying to explore ways a cube could hold the require spaces for Hermits such a bedroom, praying, praying area and bathroom. Furthermore, the idea was to develop the key spaces of Hermits within the concept of cube forms such as each dwelling unit and other main spaces such as chapel would in a form or in resemblence of a cube.

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DEVELOPMENT THROUGH SKETCHES

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PRECEDENTMODEL ANALYSIS DEVELOPMENT FINAL PRIMER DESIGN

UNIT

UNIT CHAPEL

UNIT

UNIT

The final development for the primer was the concept of dwelling a small colony of Hermits. Each unit would have a praying space, sleeping space, bathroom and a kitchen.

The units would be rotationg around the chapel. The chapel itself would have 4 individual praying spacing, chanel and area and a altar. The design of the units were based on a modular concept where each unit space would about 7m by 7m.

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EXPLORATION IN-CONTEXT The idea of how the build-concept could exist within a natural site. The montage shows how the final primer concept is existing within a natural landscape where the chapel is sitting in the cente, and the units are rotating around it.

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TOWARDS THE GRADUATION PROJECT The final project focused on developing a building complex for my protagonist. This was done through inspirations and development coming through series of precedents study that would relate to my design and concept. The Journey towards developing the final graduation project will unfold now.

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ABSTRACT CUBE STUDY

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5

NARRATIVE

SEMESTER 2

THE STORY for the PROJECT

The research done throughout the year on Hermits, come in-together , in addition with few details added by myself come together to form the narrative. In simple words, the narrative aims to deliver a building complex that would hold a colony of Hermits who would practice isolation in their individual units and then practice other rituals/activities witin the building complex. The narrative includes three type of Hermits and for these three type of Hermits, the inividual units are designed according to their requierments and rituals.

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PART 1

EXISTENCE LIFE WITHIN SOLITUDE The existence of solitude within the means of religions create specific atmospheres, environments and spaces for certain individuals that look to separate themselves from the civilization and society in general to achieve a strong connection between themselves and God. “In Solitude: A Philosophical Encounter, Koc argues that three components or conditions coalesce to create solitude – seclusion, social disengagement and introspection.�

The purpose within the solitude is not only of being isolated, achieving silence and loneliness but rather to eliminate the distractions that characterize and define human social existence so that genuine self-reflection and contemplation becomes possible. Hence, it can be asked, how was this practiced? The life of a Hermit, both in ancient and in modern times is entirely given to God and devoted to praying in solitude. In ancient times, Hermits - those were totally isolated used to live in cells where they prayed, made food and did common chores. Hermits that worked-were found near cities where they earn their living as a gate keeper/ferryman. There was no direct method of the way Hermits lived,some lived in complete isolation while others lived in clusters of Hermitages.The example of Roman Catholic Church -the Carthusians arrange their monastries as clusters of hermitages where the monks live most of their lives.

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PART 2

CONNECTION PROTAGONIST, ARCHITECTURE AND SOCIETY “Hidden from the eyes of men, the life of the hermit is a silent preaching of the Lord, to whom he has surrendered his life simply because he is everything to him” (Catechism of the Catholic Church).

The Hermit’s path is a religious ritual, it is a journey that is followed through continuation of praying/worshipping, reading, writing, editing/copying of manuscripts, crafting of icons and religious articles to be exchanges for provision.

The journey itself signifies the solitude life of a Hermit and it can be described as a transitional space that connects with the Hermit’s solitary spaces where rituals are taken place.

However, in the 21st Century, these rituals become irrelevant as modern Hermits bring rituals and ways of solitary living from their own individual perspectives. The modern world brings in “Urban Monasticism: living in the city but alone, in a flat from which one emerges as rarely as possible” (Lusher, 2012). In essence, the ritual of solitude living disappears as the sounds of the city, the voices of the neighbors, and the indirect connection to society remains. The feel of solitary space ceases to exist and the rituals of praying/worshipping intervenes with the daily-living routine.

THE CONCEPT ISOLATION

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ROUTINES AND RITUALS Based on this prospect of study, the narrative takes in a form of creating a building design complex that would hold a colony of Hermoits that would live seperatly within their individual dwelling units but at the same time these units would rotate around the key spaces that signify the rituals of Hermits. These spaces symbolize the life/rituals of Hermits and these spaces can be of such: chapel, praying areas, library, refectory, courtyards and meditation spaces/schools. The concept of creating a building complex for a community of Hermits is futher supported and understand through Resource Material for the Discernment of Hermit Vocation according to canon 603, where it is mentioned the concept of colony of Hermits that used to exist in many parts of the world in which hermits lived in separate solitary hermitages.

These hermitages would exist around a chapel and central house. To further develop the narrative, three concepts of Heemits were developled. Meaning that the units designed within the building complex would aim to hold three different type of Hermits.

“solitude and silince are distinguish features of the contemplative life and practice undertaken in the eremtic spaces�(Mcnary-zak,2014)

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CONCEPT 01.

CONCEPT 02.

ROUTINE : 1. praying 2.bible 3.cultivation 4. meals 5.washing 6. knowledge 7.praying 8.rest

ROUTINE : 1. praying 2.bible 3.praying 4. meals 5.praying 6. bible 7.rest

The idea of Hermit and their method of living is relatively different from priests and monks.

That is ,each Hermit creates their own routines and rituals that signify the connection between themselves and God. Additionally, the core ritual that each Hermit performs is solitude praying. The rest of the activities/ rituals that Hermits perform are different from each other. As the example of conept 1, the analysis is based on a Hermit who would start his day by praying and then perform activities of chores and then ending the day with final praying and sleeping. But, this routine would be his own and will not apply to other Hermits. That means they would have their own routine of rituals. These Hermits could be described as isolated Hermits.

Similarly, concept 2 looks at a different Hermit who has created his own set of routine and rituals. The main focus being ritual of praying in isolation to God, the Hermit starts of his day with praying and continues that through the day, with taking breaks in between to cook and eat and then start praying again. Compare to the concept 1 Hermit, the essential focus of ritual for concept 2 Hermit is solely of praying and being closer to God. These Hermits can be described as partial isolated Hermits.

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CONCEPT 03.

ROUTINE : 1. praying 2.work 3.social 4. praying 5.bible 6. rest

Finally, looking at the concept 3 Hermit whose focus includes having a practical and religious life. This Hermit would focus on the aspect of modern life such as working, socializing and spending time with family but additionally would provide time towards rituals of praying. The Hermit would start his day by ritual of praying but afterwards would be working at his job and having an interact social life like general public. However, the Hermit would end his day by final rituals of praying. Comparing it to conept 1 and 2 Hermits, concept 3 shows the modern Hermit perspective where rituals and modern life routine is practiced.

These Hermits can be described as interactive Hermits.

ACHIEVING NATURAL LIGHT WITHIN UNT’s PRAYING SPACE

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6

STAGING

SEMESTER 2

FROM SITE TO DESIGN

Initially, the project began by intent exploration of the site. There were sites to choose and the I chose was Site 2, next to the bank of River Tyne, in Newcastle upon Tyne. The site is quite open which means it is recieving ample sunlight and as well holds a good view to the River Tyne. The couple of weeks were spend analyzing the site and understanding the context of it. Since the site was quite large (about 9775m2), a grid system was develop which allowed me to play around with lines to form a shape. After initial sketches and study, proper development started to take place which initially led me to the concept that I have developed for final graduation project.

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NORTHEAST , U.K

NEWCASTLE upon TYNE

RIVER TYNESIDE

ALLOCATED SITE

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INCONTEXT THE SITE

TOFFEE FACTORY

MAIN ACCESS APARTMENTS

SITE 2

RIVER TYNE

The attributes and the context around the allocated site.

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VISUALIZATION THE SITE

The study and exploration of the site, to understand the features, topography and the surrounding context of the area.

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DEVELOPMENT GRID SYSTEM

Development began through exerimenting with grid system applied on the site - in order to create and develop form .

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INITIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGE 01

Initial developlment began from drawing and sketching base on the grid-lines, experimenting around with lines to see how the shape of the design can be form. Afterwards, once a solid form was created, progress was made on that to further develop it.

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INITIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGE 01

Next step was to just improve and make progress on the design as it is being shown through sketches and once a concept was finalized with tutor discussing. Then, the improvements were made to the finalize concept.

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INITIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGE 02

Library

PHASE 01 Kitchen

Upon discussion with tutors, many changes were needed towards the final discussion plan.

Ground Floor

Church

GROUND FLOOR 1:500

4

1

PHASE 02 Development with new alteration, chaning the form 1.of the DWELLING UNITS shape. Adding another 2. COURTYARD 3. DWELLING UNITS floor to design.

4. LIBRARY

2

5

3

6 7

5. REFECTORY 6. COURTYARD 7. CHAPEL

FIRST FLOOR 1:500 2

3

PHASE 03 Tutors prefer the older shape of design, So, making altertaton to the previous old design.

1

1. DWELLING UNITS 2. LIBRARY FIRST FLOOR 3. REFECTORY FIRST FLOOR

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GROU

INITIAL DEVELOPMENT STAGE 02

FINAL PHASE Final concept shape design ready with only having a single floor to the design. Improvements to make on this design.

PHASE 04 Similarly, adding a first floor to the design. The aim to create public access through the floor.

First Floor plan 1:500

UND PLAN 1:500

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Building plan 1:200

1 2

THE CONCEPT The finalize concept was as the following.

Many adjustments were made according 1. to Courtyard the tutors. 01 The concepts follows a journey of simplicity where there are 18 2. dwelling units indivdual Hermits unts. The other spac3.refectory es include a chapel, library and refecto4. library ry. The creation of the journey is as the following: after praying 5. courtyard 02 within isolation, Hermits would make their way to chapel, 6. chapel library or refectory according to their rituals. However, during the review, many things were told to me changed which would be shown in the final design.

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4

3

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N

HERMIT UNIT ANALYSIS

MONTAGE ATMOSPHERE STUDY

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PLANS AND SECTIONS

01 UNIT PLAN SCALE 1 :100

02 UNIT ELEVATION SCALE 1 :100

03 UNIT SPACES HEIGHT SCALE 1 :100

04 UNIT SECTION SCALE 1 :100

After the development of the plans, it was crucial to understand and visiualize how the Hermit unit would work and look. Initially, the development of Hermit unit began through grid-system, deciding the size of a square that would fit in. For the development , the unit size chosen was 5m by 5m but this was just an experiment size to see how the unit would look like. The unit had three key spaces which included resting space (bedroom), bathroom and praying area. The idea was to have skylight above praying area to highlight the importance of connection between god and Hermit. So, when Hermit pray, there would be natural light coming in during the day.

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SCHEDULE OF ACCOMODATION ANALYSIS DIAGRAMS Right: the study of the type of spaces my building concept would have. The main spaces include a chapel that is shown through yellow concrete cube, library which is shown through grey concrete cube, refectory shown through red concrete cube and the Hermit units shown through blue concrete cubes. Diagram below explores the idea of bringing public into the building. Although this idea will not work, the aim is to create a public entrance only for the Chapel since it is considered a sanctuary space.

PRIVATE

corridor - journey through individual experience

PUBLIC CREATING DOUBLE CORRIDORS

Journey of space from Dwelling units to Chapel

SEPERATING PART OF LIBRARY/CONNECTION TO CHAPEL

Private- to be used by Hermits

no interaction between public and private

ISOLATION chapel

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INSPIRATION Square of Silence Andrea Dragoni Architect Although, I had a rough idea of visualization of my design, it was not coming towards as a proper image.

Through my research of different religious building precedents, I came across the Square of Silence and I immediately knew that is was the type of visualization I was trying to create for my building. The inspirtations that were grasp from the precedent are mentioned below as stated by Archdaily: “This concept of urban settlement is emphasized by the inclusion of large square enclosures designed to be open spaces that provide the structure with spatial rhythm.” Further as well. “the sky thus framed opens the mind to the reign of the invisible, allowing sight and thought to abandon Mother Earth’s gravity and acquire a more aerial and spiritual dimension.” These two aspects heavily relate with my design as the idea was to have the building open to sky through corriders allowing the concept of connection between nature and the building. Also the use of cube and squares which heavily relate with my building concept.

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MONTAGE ATMOSPHERE STUDY 01

“ Looking at the materiality of units “

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MONTAGE ATMOSPHERE STUDY 02

“ Looking at the corridors and how they create atmospheres”

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THE CONCEPT JOURNEY OF SPACES

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7

THE FINAL PROJECT

SEMESTER 2

PROJECT END

Finally, through the development during the primer and the development of the design concept itself, the project reached its conclusion. However, there were few issues that were brought out during the final review, those have been addressed on my level best and the improvements have been made accordingly. Additionally, the project itself has been a journey that has helped me define my strengths and weaknesses.

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Existing Apartment Buildings

MASTERPLAN The development of master was on the aspect of connecting the context of the site with the project design itself. Initially, the idea is to have a pedestrianize area around the building. Then, the idea is to have trees around the building to further strengthen the idea of isolation, it will provide greenery as well. One issue that was mention for the Masterplan was that the building design was too close to the existing apartment building. This issue has bene improved within the adjustsments of the design. Lastly, the natural features of the site has been taken in account to set the spaces.

Pedestrianization of the area

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Adding of trees

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2

4 1

3

1

2

5

LEGEND 01 refectory 02 Zone A - block 1 and 2 units 03 meditation space 04 library 05 zone b- block 3 and 4 untis 06 chapel issues marked in red 1. desing too close to existing building 2. proper annotation required

6

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1

2

LEGEND 01 zone A -first floor units 02 zone b - first floor units issues marked in red proper annotation required

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1

2

LEGEND 01 zone A- block 1 and 2 units 02 Zone b- block 3 and 4 units issues marked in red proper annotation required

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4 1 3

2

5

LEGEND 01 02 03 04 05 06

refectory Zone A - block 1 and 2 units Meditation space Library zone b- block 3 and 4 untis Chapel

6

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1

2

LEGEND 01 zone A- block 1 and 2 units 02 Zone b- block 3 and 4 units

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1

2

LEGEND 01 zone A- block 1 and 2 units 02 Zone b- block 3 and 4 units

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THE SPACES FUNCTIONS

blocks(1)

1 zone A

blocks(2)

2

blocks(4) blocks(3) zone b

3

The development of spaces come from the built narrative of Hermits where spaces are included for the aspects of creating journey, isolation and rituals. First of all, to achieve isolation- different elements have been implemented. First of all, to give it a solid block look to building so that it can be imagine that group of people are existing inside a block while existing in a busy society yet being on their own - concrete has been used. However, tutors questioned to extensive use of concrete appearance and told me to mix it with another material. I have decided to use sandstone that would be held through mechnical methods. I decided to use this material because first of all it is quite popular in Newcastle and secondly, it gives the aspect of natural element which relates with Hermits well. To achieve isolation for the Hermits themsevles within the units, there are no windows around the building complex except for in chapel which is open to public with separate entrance. The units do have windows but mostly to the inside of the building complex and the size is 2m by o,3m . They are kept minimal to keep the aspect of isolation. Since the units block exist on each side of the building - for better understanding they are broken into zones. Zone A from refectory ( 1 ) to Library and meditation space ( 2 ), hold units blocks 1 and 2. Zone B from chapel ( 3 ) to Library and meditation space ( 2 ), hold units block 3 and 4 . Ground floor total units = 24, First floor total units = 8, Second floor total units = 8. Total units overall = 40

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HEIRARCHY OF UNITS 3 TYPES SECOND FLOOR UNIT SCALE - 1:100 The purpose of second floor units serve towards those Hermits that want to practice the rituals of complete isolation, meaning most of the time they would stay within their units.

Because of that, no back windows are provided towards the city. Mandatory windows are provided in kitchen, bathroom and bedroom.

The window size is kept to minimum as the height of window is 3m and the width 0.3m.

The Hermits staying in this units are described as fully-isolated Hermits and due to that the second floor units meant to have full isolation. This unit is developed for Concept 2 Hermits mentioned in Chapter 5.

ENTRANCE FOYER

BATHROOM

P R AY I N G SPACE KITCHEN SLEEPING SPACE

FIRST FLOOR UNIT SCALE - 1:100 The purpose of first floor units serve towards those Hermits who want to practice isolaton and occassionaly interact with the city,society and the building complex itself. These units are aim towards the Concept 3 Hermits who want to isolation most of the time but occassionaly want interaction as well. Similarly, the windows size are all the same for each units, being minimal as possible. These Hermits can be descrived partial-ineractive Hermits.

BATHROOM

ENTRANCE FOYER P R AY I N G SPACE

SLEEPING SPACE

GROUND FLOOR UNIT SCALE - 1:100 The purpose of ground floor unit is to serve towards those Hermits that often would be tinterect with the society, city and the building complex space. These units are designed for the Concept 3 hermits mentioned in Chapter 5. This means. that most isolation for these Hermits would be happening in the praying space for praying and while sleeping.

Although, the windows are kept the same size as other units, the windows are facing towards the outside as well, towards the public.

ENTRANCE FOYER

P R AY I N G SPACE BATHROOM SLEEPING SPACE

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PART OF : ZONE A - BLOCK 1-2 SECOND FLOOR UNITS

PART of : ZONE A - BLOCK 1-2 FIRST FLOOR UNITS

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units through section

EXPLAINING THE SECTION The section is part of Zone A - Block 1 units from the right side, The idea was to show how the individual rooms ar being used with the aspect of showing the praying area - the natural light coming from the skylight above in the praying area. The use of kitchen available to the fully isolated units for the fully isolated Hermits on the top floor. Furthermore, the section shows the hierarchy of the units and how they sit on top of each other.

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ZONE A - BLOCK 1

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Taking part of units block from block 1, Zone A and exploding it to see the material usage inside and as well the function/usage of the spaces. 1. The praying area will have concrete wall finish and the idea is to keep a warm atmosphere within the space. 2.

Showing a typical resting space for Hermits which include a working desk, bed and and a site table. These are the basics requirements that a Hermit has within a room. 3. Showing the kitchen and bathroom for the second floor. This will be of tile floor finishes. The kitchen walls of conrete and bathroom of marble.4. Materials within other spaces of concrete as well.

UNITS IN ISOMETRIC ANALYSIS

4

3

2

1

Study on units

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SPACES WITHIN BUILDING COMPLEX

CHAPEL Chapel would be the final destination the journey within the building complex. Hermits would gather on special occassions to have chancel, or pray together. The chapel has a separate entance for the public, as chapel is considered a sanctuary , it is required to have public access to it. Furthermore, chapel has two seperate rooms on each side. The room towards the apartment building would have a small reception/waiting type of room for the public. This is where the public would access the chapel as well.

LIBRARY AND MEDITATION SPACE The ritual of knowledge is imporant to Hermits and for the Library was develop with the building design. The library consists of individual study rooms for full isolation as well. Furthermore, separate large study room is provided at the end. The meditation is another space where rituals would occur. The space would be used for meditation and praying.

The space is meant to be hollow from inside to symbolize the the attribute of emptyness when praying to God.

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REFECTORY Part of journey for the Hermits where the ritual of eating, prepartion of food and food services will be provided. It will be used

by Hermits during various timing depending on their rituals and routines. The refectory consists of self-cook area of services can be provided of making food.

It includes a small cafteria space where Hermits can eat.

THE SPACES AND SITE CONTEXT

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*original

facade concept * “The rawness of the material shapes the spiritual nature of the space, and works to elevate the mind of the user towards the purpose of the monastery.� Described by Archdaily the love of Le Corbusier for concrete - showed that concretre easily presented sacred architecture with more prominnent atmospheres and spaces that represented the connection between nature, God and human being s. Furthermore, concerete

represents the aspect of simplicty and and a solid mass. This was one point taken to use conrete on appearance of the building. Simplicity represents Hermits as well , so there was a connection present. Secondly, solid mass within a city was an interesting idea showing that the colony of hermits exists by themselves in their world and away from society. However, tutors wanted me to use another material as well which I have looked on .

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sandstone 300x500

prefab concrete panels

sandstone 300x500

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prefab concrete panels

sandstone 300x500

prefab concrete panels

elevation scale 1: 250

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* As per the final review, the main critic was the extensive appearance of conrete as the tutors said I was over-using it and that it would not in particular correspond to the site. The main use of concrete was as mention earlier, to show simplicity and naturality. Concrete reepresents simplicty and symbolized Hermits well. To lessen the appearance of concrete surface, Fletcher Bank sandstone tiles (500x300x25) as seen on Kings gate are used to break the monotony of mono-color and to provide more livid appearance. These would be mechanical fix.

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section a-a scale 1: 250

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section b-b scale 1: 250

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ATMOSPHERE EXTERNAL AREA

“ The feel of outside the units and in corridor“

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ATMOSPHERE CORRIDOR

“ The feel witin the corridors of the building”

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ATMOSPHERE Inside the chapel

“ The windows bringing in the natural light “

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ATMOSPHERE Inside the Library

“ Space for knowledge - highlighting Hermits ritual”

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ATMOSPERE Inside the praying area of units

“ Light coming from the top - connection of God and Hermits“

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MODEL DEVELOPMENT UNDER PROCESS

“ Scale of Model - 1:200”

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PRECEDENT STUDY HABITAT 67 for design and structure

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8

INTEGRATED TECHNOLOGY

PART 2 The proposition and the chosen strategies for the design concept are highlighted in Part 2 report with improvments and changes added from Part 1 report.

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BUILDING STRUCTURE

1

2

1 - UNITS

1

3

STRUCTURE ANALYSIS During the presentation of integrated technology part 1 and for the technology report submission, the structural layout of columns/beams was relatively unclear for the units of the building complex. That has been improved in integrated technology part 2 . The part of units show the allocation of columns and beams. The type of columns have been reference within the table on Page 94.

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BUILDING STRUCTURE

UNITS 3D STRUCTURE The diagram represents the allocation of columns and beams within the single unit. This structural concept of unit has been followed through the entire units plan within the building complex. The structure is pure concrete column/beam system and it has been followed through Integrated technology part 1 as well.

COLUMNS LEGEND columns description and sizes

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TYPICAL BEAM DETAILS

BUILDING STRUCTURE Reference Page 93 for full plan Page 94 for column/beam reference

2

GRID PLAN FOR LIBRARY The grid plan shows the allocation of column/beam for the library plan. The four beam (C6) are meant to be used as part of structure and aesthetical feature of the space. Previously, the allocation of the columns/beams in library space was uncertain which has been cleared within integrated-technology part 2.

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BUILDING STRUCTURE Reference Page 93 for full plan page 94 for column/beam reference

3

GRID PLAN FOR CHAPEL The grid plan for the chapel shows the finalized allocation of column/beam within the space.

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CONSTRUCTION AND MATERIALITY

LEGEND 01.

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

09.

10.

11.

12.

13.

14.

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REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAM INTERIOR FINISH COLUMN LINE GRAVEL TOP WATER BARRIER METAL FINISHING COPING CONCRETE INSULATED SANDWICH PANEL PLINT BEAM COMPACTED EARTH COLUMN ISOLATED CONCRETE FOUNDATION WATERPROOF BARRIER SCREED SHIM DRILLED ANCHOR STAINLESS STEEL BEND PLATE SEALENT SAND STONE SEALENT FINISHING

13 12

14 15 16 17 18 19

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1 2 3

7 8

6

5

4

9 10 11 SECTION OF UNITS PART AT SCALE - 1 : 50

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* MENTIONED IN PART 1

SERVICES AND STRATEGIES

Rainwater collection system - would be installed within the roofs of the Hermit units. This could be used for the toilet water or collected for the landscape.

SOUTH

Solar Panels- these would be installed on the roofs of each Hermit units which would utilized from the South facing sunlight directly coming within the site.

Heating systems- the use of insulation between the wall panels and providing internal heating systems within each units.

South-facing Sun- since the site has relativily large open surroundings and since it is directly recieving sunlight, this provides ample natural light source for the building complex.

Windows- eco-friendly windows with low-e laminated or insulated glass. Double glazing can be used.

Section through LINE AA Scale : 1 100

Natural ventilation- windows within each unit to provide natural ventilation and additionally the use of mechnical ventilation

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* MENTIONED IN PART 1

SERVICES AND STRATEGIES

Building Services Shaft

Section Line through units - showing building services shaft

Design Plan 1:200

Section of toilets witin the Hermit’s unit arrangment showing building services shaft and all mechanical services are passed through the shaft within all floors. All electrical conduits are laid within the floor screeds and behind wall finishes.

vent pipe rain water/drain pipes sewage pipes water pipes building services section Scale : 1 100

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* MENTIONED IN PART 1

STUDIO SPECIFIC TECHNOLOGY ATMOSPHERES

studio-specific technology - design transition of atmospheres.Experimentation of atmospheres through CONCRETE AS MAIN MATERIAL - LOOKING AT DIFFERENT PRECEDENTS SUCH LA LAGUANA CHURCH AND GUBBIO CEMETERY.Aesthetic and atmospheric qualities of concrete plus sustainability of the material.

Concrete is a durable material , Life spans for concrete building products can be double or triple those of other common building materials. The studio main focus was to create atmospheres through the use of materials, light, space sizes and structures. I explored the idea of atmospheres through creating concepts that represent my intended material for the project which is concrete.

Therefore, structure study was done through creating atmospheres that could represent concrete and then creating building components designs to see how concrete can represent the atmospheres.

PRECEDENT La Laguna Church Image - archdaily

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REFLECTIVE STATEMENT

As a student, the understanding of architecture and design can be described as incomplete without considering and understanding the integration of the structural, materials, services and technological aspects. At times, we as students tend to purely focus on design, achieving sophisticated and aesthetical values of architecture but we need to ensure that the design covers the practical parts which includes structure and construction..

With the intention of introducing and applying technology part to ARC3001 design module, the design and structure values go hand-in-hand, allowing us to focus on design with keeping the structure values, materials and construction concept in mind. Similarly, for myself, undertaking the technology part 1 and 2 for the portfolio, allowed me to understand the features of my design concept in terms of structure, material’s appearance and construction concept. Furthermore, it allowed me to question some of my own propositions towards my design concept and that provided me opportunity to gain further awareness and knowledge on design and technology. The integrated technology itself has been a journey towards the final graduation project. Each section within the report allowed me to understand and further gain knowledge which can become useful in the future. Such as for the structure part of the report, the focus has been the use of concrete as main element of structure for the building design. In relation to this, I had the opportunity to look at the multiple methods of using the concrete, the construction techniques of concrete structural elements such as: foundations, beams, columns, slabs and different aspects such the advantages/disadvantages of using the concrete. Hence, each he-

ading allowed us to fully-engage with the design concept from the perspective of technology. Similarly, for the construction and materiality part of the report, understanding the junctions of each structural element and studying them through cross sections were important. During the tech review, although the tutors were happy with my structural element’s junctions and sections, but few minor elements or details were missing which have been improved and adjusted. The development of construction and materiality was done through intent research as well, allowing me to grasp the idea of how I can implement concrete as material itself for aesthetic and construction. For the final review, tutors mentioned that the use of concrete for appearance of the building was intensive and was told to combine with it other material to break the monotony of concrete appearance. This has been achieved by introducing another material “Fletcher Banks sandstone” at regular interval on the façade. These tiles will be mechanically fixed to concrete surfaces wherever design allows. This it-self has been a learning experience of experimenting with materials rather than just applying one. Overall, the integration technology has been a vital stage for the design of my project, rather than thinking of structure and materiality until the end, this has allowed me to understand the structure and materials along the journey of designing my project.

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THE END

MUHAMMAD AHMED ASFAND