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Camels
Written by Caroline West 65217_SIC17_Camels_MEA_Cvr-IFB_mar17.indd 3
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Word Count
420
Text Type
Factual Description
Camels
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High-Frequency Word use, work Focus
Written by Caroline West Cover photograph of camels Photography by Corbis/Tranz (p3, p5, p11, p19, p22); Getty Images (David Steele p9 bottom, Frans Lemmens p15); iStockphoto.com (Erick Nguyen cover, Tanya Clyde p7, Harald Tjostheim p9 top, Magdalena Tramer p13) Š 2008 Macmillan Education Australia Pty Ltd
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All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. While every care has been taken to trace and acknowledge copyright, the publishers tender their apologies for any accidental infringement where copyright has proved untraceable.
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Published by Macmillan Education Australia Pty Ltd Level 1, 15–19 Claremont Street, South Yarra, Victoria 3141 www.macmillan.com.au Edited by Emma Turner and Nadja Embacher Designed by Claire Cole Printed in Hong Kong 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 ISBN: (pack) 978-1-4202-6520-0 ISBN: 978-1-4202-6521-7
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Camels Contents
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Introduction �������������������������������������� 2 Camels’ Bodies ���������������������������������� 4 Camels’ Humps �������������������������������� 8 What Camels Eat ���������������������������� 10 What Camels Drink ������������������������ 14 How Camels Move ���������������������������16 How Camels Are Useful ������������������ 20 Training Camels ������������������������������ 22 Glossary ���������������������������������������� 23 Index �������������������������������������������� 24 Written by Caroline West
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Introduction
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Camels are unusual animals. They can live and work in very dry places, or deserts. They can travel a long way with little food or water. They can carry heavy loads across sand.
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People use camels to carry heavy loads a long way.
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Camels’ Bodies
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Soft, thick hair covers camels’ bodies. Most camels have light brown hair.
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Camels use many parts of their bodies in special ways.
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Some camels have big, soft feet. This helps them walk on sand.
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This camel’s body is suited to living in a desert.
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Thick knee and chest pads protect some camels from hot sand.
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Camels’ thick eyelashes work to protect their eyes from blowing sand.
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Camels can close their nostrils to keep out sand, too.
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A camel’s thick eyelashes help protect its eyes.
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Camels’ Humps
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Camels store fat in their humps. They live off fat from their humps if there is no food. The humps shrink if the camels do not eat.
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Some camels have two humps. These are called bactrian camels. They come from Asia. Some camels have one hump. These are called dromedary camels. They come from Africa and Asia.
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A bactrian camel
A dromedary camel 9
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What Camels Eat
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Camels eat plants. They eat shrubs, dry leaves, and thorns. Camels do not eat meat.
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Camels do not chew much when they eat. They have three stomachs to break down their food. People have only one.
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A camel eats whatever it can find in the desert.
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The food goes into a camel’s stomach and gets soft. Then, the soft food goes up to the camel’s mouth again. The food that returns to the mouth is called cud. The camel chews this food again. Then, the food goes to the other stomachs.
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Co py pl e m Sa A camel chewing cud 13 65217_SIC17_Camels_MEA_Txt_mar17.indd 13
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What Camels Drink
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Camels need to drink water. They get some water from the food they eat. Camels do not need to drink every day. They can go for days without water. This is why camels can live and work in the desert.
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People die if they do not drink often, but camels go for days without water.
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How Camels Move
Camels move using four long, strong legs.
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A camel sits by first kneeling down on its front legs. Then, it kneels down on its back legs.
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To stand, a camel gets up on its back legs. Then, it gets up on its front legs.
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How a Camel Sits Down
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Camels can walk slowly or quickly.
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Camels step forwards with their left legs. Then, they step forwards with their right legs.
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Camels can run quickly, but not for long.
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Camel races such as this one are popular in the Middle East.
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How Camels Are Useful
People use camels to work in the desert. Camels carry people and heavy loads.
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People use camels’ hair to make cloth and paint brushes.
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People drink camel milk, eat camel meat, and use camel dung as fuel for fires.
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How People Use Camels Camel
Travelling, carrying loads, racing
Camel dung
Burning as fuel
Camel hair
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Making clothes, blankets, brushes
Camel meat
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Eating
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Camel milk Camel skin
Drinking, making cheese
Making shoes, water bags, saddles
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Training Camels
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People train camels just like they train horses.
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They say “Hut-hut!” to make a camel walk. They say “Whoa!” to make the camel stop. They say “Koosh!” to make it sit.
This boy is training dromedary camels.
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Glossary
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bactrian camels – camels with two humps cud – food that returns to the mouth from the first stomach
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deserts – very dry places
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dromedary camels – camels with one hump
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Index
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hair �����������������������������������������4, 20, 21 legs ���������������������������������������������16, 18
loads �����������������������������������2, 3, 20, 21
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sand ������������������������������������������ 2, 4, 6
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stomach(s) �����������������������������������10, 12
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water ������������������������������� 2, 14, 15, 21
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Focus Comprehension Skill: Identifying Detail Identifying detail is finding information about events, objects, animals, or people.
Identifying Detail in the Text Modelling
Supporting
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Read pages 2 and 3 with students. Draw their attention to the details that tell readers why camels are unusual animals. Assist students to identify the details on pages 4 to 7. Remind them that the details give readers information about the headings of each section. Tell them that the headings give them a clue to what the details will be about.
Independent Practice
Ask students to turn to pages 8 and 9 and identify details about camels’ humps. Repeat with pages 10 to 13. Direct students to work through the rest of the text independently. Give assistance if necessary.
Organizing Information
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Ask students to use the illustration on BLM 1 in the Teacher Notes to list the details that tell about each part of a camel’s body. Refer to the graphic organizer below. Eyelashes (pages 6–7)
• soft and thick
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•
•
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Hair (pages 4–5)
Nostrils (pages 6–7)
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Feet (pages 4–5)
Drawing Conclusions Ask the following questions to assess students’ understanding of the text. Literal Question: Why are camels’ feet big and soft? (pages 4–5) Inferential Question: If you saw a camel with a small hump, what would you know? (pages 8–9) Evaluative Question: Do you think it would be easier to ride on a dromedary or a bactrian camel? Why? (pages 8–9)
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Identifying Detail Camels
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Main Idea The Perfect Pie
Sequencing The Mystery of the Green Budgie
Compare and Contrast Toads and Frogs
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Fact and Opinion Butterflies
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Cause and Effect Fire at the House
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