(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
(/ $/)$%(72 *5,(*2
0D\~VFXOD
$ % * ' ( = + 4 , . / 0 1 ; 2 3 5 6 7 8 ) & < :
0LQ~VFXOD
D E J G H ] K T L N O P Q [ R S U V W X I F \ Z
3URQXQFLDFLyQ
D E J GpELO
G H EUHYH
GV H ODUJD
] L N O P Q NV R EUHYH
S U V W I M SV R ODUJD
1RPEUH GH ORV VLJQRV JULHJR FDVWHOODQR
D>OID EK WD JDYPPD GHYOWD H> \LORYQ ]K WD K?WD TK WD LMZ WD NDYSSD ODYPEGD PX
QX
[L
R> PLNURYQ SL
U-Z
VL JPD WDX
X> \LORYQ IL
FL
\L
Z? PHYJD
127$6
/D VyOR VH XVD D ILQ GH SDODEUD
/D J VH SURQXQFLD FRPR ³Q´ DQWH J N F [ D>JJHOR
/D X VH OHH ³X´ HQ ORV GLSWRQJRV DX HX (O GLSWRQJR RX VH OHH ³X´ /D GREOH ODPEGD OO VH OHH FRPR GREOH ³O´
DOID EHWD JDPPD GHOWD pSVLORQ GVHWD HWD ]HWD LRWD FDSSD ODPEGD PL QL [L yPLFURQ SL UR VLJPD WDX tSVLORQ IL ML SVL RPHJD
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
/26 ',3721*26
'H SULPHU HOHPHQWR EUHYH DL HL RL DX HX RX 'H SULPHU HOHPHQWR ODUJR D K Z KX (/ (63Ë5,78
7RGDV ODV SDODEUDV TXH HPSLH]DQ SRU YRFDO R GLSWRQJR KDQ GH OOHYDU QHFHVDULDPHQWH XQ VLJQR JUiILFR OODPDGR HVStULWX (VWH HVStULWX SXHGH VHU VXDYH M TXH QR VH SURQXQFLD R iVSHUR - TXH VH SURQXQFLD FRPR XQD ³M´ (Q ODV PLQ~VFXODV HO HVStULWX VH FRORFD HQFLPD GH OD YRFDO R VREUH HO VHJXQGR HOHPHQWR GHO GLSWRQJR (Q ODV PD\~VFXODV VH FRORFD D OD L]TXLHUGD GH OD YRFDO LQLFLDO /26 $&(1726
(O DFHQWR JULHJR HVWi UHSUHVHQWDGR SRU WUHV VLJQRV Y DJXGR JUDYH \
FLUFXQIOHMR (O DFHQWR FLUFXQIOHMR VyOR SXHGH LU FRORFDGR VREUH VtODED ODUJD R GLSWRQJR \ ~QLFDPHQWH HQ ODV GRV ~OWLPDV VtODEDV GH XQD SDODEUD (O DFHQWR DJXGR SXHGH LU VREUH FXDOTXLHU YRFDO \ GLSWRQJR \ SXHGH DSDUHFHU HQ ODV WUHV ~OWLPDV VtODEDV GH OD SDODEUD (O DFHQWR JUDYH HV XQD YDULDQWH GHO DFHQWR DJXGR WRGD SDODEUD TXH OOHYH DFHQWR DJXGR HQ OD ~OWLPD VtODED \ QR VHD ILQDO GH IUDVH VXVWLWX\H HVH DFHQWR DJXGR SRU HO JUDYH 6,*126 '( 38178$&,Ï1 SXQWR \ FRPD B VLJQR GH LQWHUURJDFLyQ
SXQWR DOWR HTXLYDOHQWH D QXHVWURV GRV SXQWRV R D QXHVWUR SXQWR \ FRPD SXQWR \ FRPD VH XWLOL]DQ FRPR HQ FDVWHOODQR
(Q ORV GLSWRQJRV GH SULPHU HOHPHQWR ODUJR OD L VH VXVFULEH HQ ODV PLQ~VFXODV HQ ODV PD\~VFXOD VH HVFULEH D OD GHUHFKD \ QR VH SURQXQFLD /D FRQVRQDQWH U HQ SRVLFLyQ LQLFLDO OOHYD VLHPSUH XQ HVStULWX iVSHUR TXH QR VH SURQXQFLD
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
FLEXIÓN NOMINAL 35,0(5$ '(&/,1$&,Ï1 7HPDV HQ D
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 )(0(1,126 D SXUD D LPSXUD K
D D DQ D D
D D DQ K K
K K KQ K K
0$6&8/,126
D D D DQ RX D
K K D KQ RX K
3/85$/ )(0 < 0$6&
DL DL D ZQ DL
6(*81'$ '(&/,1$&,Ï1 7HPDV HQ R
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 0$6& < )(0(1 1(87526
R H RQ RX Z
RQ RQ RQ RX Z
3/85$/ 0$6& < )(0(1 1(87526
RL RL RX ZQ RL
D D D ZQ RL
7(5&(5$ '(&/,1$&,Ï1 )OH[LyQ DWHPiWLFD
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 0$6& < )(0(1 1(8752 6 R WHPD DODUJDGR R VLQ GHVLQHQFLD Q D
R L
R L
3/85$/ 0$6& < )(0(1 1(87526
H H D ZQ VL Q
D D D ZQ VL Q
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
D 7HPDV HQ ODELDO E S I \ JXWXUDO J N F
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/
K- IOHY\ OD YHQD
IOHY\ IOHY\ IOHYED IOHERY IOHELY
R- IXYOD[ HO JXDUGLD
IXYOD[ IXYOD[ IXYODND IXYODNR IXYODNL
IOHYEH IOHYEH IOHYED IOHEZ Q IOH\LY Q
IXYODNH IXYODNH IXYODND IXODYNZQ IXYOD[L Q
/RV WHPDV HQ ODELDO \ JXWXUDO FRPSUHQGHQ VXVWDQWLYRV PDVFXOLQRV \ IHPHQLQRV
7RGRV HOORV WRPDQ HQ HO QRPLQDWLYR \ YRFDWLYR VLQJXODU +D\ TXH WHQHU HQ FXHQWD TXH ODELDO \ JXWXUDO DQWH OD V GH OD GHVLQHQFLD GH QRPLQDWLYR \ YRFDWLYR VLQJXODUHV \ GH GDWLYR SOXUDO IRUPDQ FRQVRQDQWH GREOH E S I V ! \ J N F V ! [
E 7HPDV HQ GHQWDO G W T
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92 /RV WHPDV
K- ODPSDY OD OiPSDUD
ODPSDY ODPSDY ODPSDYGD ODPSDYGR ODPSDYGL
WR VZ PD HO FXHUSR
VZ PD VZ PD VZ PD VZYPDWR VZYPDWL
ODPSDYGH ODPSDYGH ODPSDYGD ODPSDYGZQ ODPSDYVL Q
VZYPDWD VZYPDWD VZYPDWD VZPDYWZQ VZYPDVL Q
HQ GHQWDO FRPSUHQGHQ VXVWDQWLYRV PDVFXOLQRV IHPHQLQRV \ QHXWURV /RV PDVFXOLQRV \ IHPHQLQRV WRPDQ HQ HO QRPLQDWLYR \ YRFDWLYR VLQJXODU +D\ TXH WHQHU HQ FXHQWD TXH XQD GHQWDO DQWH OD V GH OD GHVLQHQFLD GH QRPLQDWLYR \ YRFDWLYR VLQJXODUHV \ GH GDWLYR SOXUDO GHVDSDUHFH DGHPiV XQD GHQWDO QR SXHGH VHU ILQDO GH SDODEUD /RV VXVWDQWLYRV HQ L X GH WHPD HQ GHQWDO WLHQHQ HO DFXVDWLYR VLQJXODU HQ Q FXDQGR L X QR OOHYDQ DFHQWR HQ HO QRPLQDWLYR K- FDYUL o DFXV FDYULQ K- SDWULY o DFXV SDWULYGD K- NRYUX o DFXV NRYUXQ K- FODPXY o DFXV FODPXYGD
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
F 7HPDV HQ QDVDO Q
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/
R- OLPKYQ HO SXHUWR
OLPKYQ OLPKYQ OLPHYQD OLPHYQR OLPHYQL
K- U-LY OD QDUL]
U-LY U-LY U-L QD U-LQRY U-LQLY
OLPHYQH OLPHYQH OLPHYQD OLPHYQZQ OLPHYVL Q
U-L QH U-L QH U-L QD U-LQZ Q U-LVLY Q
/RV WHPDV HQ QDVDO FRPSUHQGHQ VXVWDQWLYRV PDVFXOLQRV \ IHPHQLQRV ([FHSWR ORV WHPDV HQ LQ TXH WRPDQ SURORQJDQ OD YRFDO ILQDO HQ HO QRPLQDWLYR \ D YHFHV HQ HO YRFDWLYR VLQJXODU /D QDVDO DQWH GHVDSDUHFH 3DUD ORV VXVWDQWLYRV FX\R WHPD WHUPLQD HQ QW QDVDO UHIRU]DGD KD\ TXH WHQHU HQ FXHQWD TXH (O JUXSR QW DQWH GHVDSDUHFH /D W QR SXHGH VHU ILQDO GH SDODEUD
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ R- JLYJD HO JLJDQWH
JLYJD JLYJD JLYJDQWD JLYJDQWR JLYJDQWL
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
JLYJDQWH JLYJDQWH JLYJDQWD JLJDYQWZQ JLYJDVL Q
G 7HPDV HQ OtTXLGD O U
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5
R- U-KYWZU HO RUDGRU
U-KYWZU U-K WRU U-KYWRUD U-KYWRUR U-KYWRUL
R- D^O OD VDO
D^O D^O D^OD D-ORY D-OLY
U-KYWRUH U-KYWRUH U-KYWRUD U-KWRYUZQ U-KYWRUVL Q
3/85$/
D^OH D^OH D^OD D-OZ Q D-OVLY Q
&RPSUHQGHQ VXVWDQWLYRV PDVFXOLQRV IHPHQLQRV \ QHXWURV /RV PDVFXOLQRV \ IHPHQLQRV SURORQJDQ OD YRFDO ILQDO GHO WHPD HQ HO QRPLQDWLYR VLQJXODU (O ~QLFR WHPD HQ O HV D^O TXH WRPD HQ HO QRPLQDWLYR VLQJXODU $OJXQRV VXVWDQWLYRV HQ WKU VXIUHQ VtQFRSD GH H HQ HO JHQLWLYR \ GDWLYR VLQJXODU \ WLHQHQ XQ GDWLYR SOXUDO HQ DVL SDWKYU JHQ VLQ SDWURY GDW VLQ SDWULY GDW SO SDWUDYVL PDWKYU JHQ VLQ PDWURY GDW VLQ PDWULY GDW SO PDWUDYVL
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
H 7HPDV HQ VLOEDQWH )HQyPHQR FRP~Q D WRGRV ORV WHPDV HQ VLOEDQWH HV OD SpUGLGD GH OD V LQWHUYRFiOLFD FRQ OR TXH ODV YRFDOHV TXH TXHGDQ HQ FRQWDFWR FRQWUDHQ QRUPDOPHQWH /D FRQWUDFFLyQ VH SURGXFH FRQIRUPH D ODV VLJXLHQWHV UHJODV HH ! HL HR ! RX HD ! K HZ ! Z
7HPDV HQ H YDULDEOH 120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6yOR SUHVHQWDQ HVWD GHFOLQDFLyQ VXVWDQWLYRV GH JpQHUR QHXWUR
7HPDV HQ H LQYDULDEOH
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ 6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ WR JHYQR UD]D OLQDMH
JHYQR JHYQR JHYQR JHYQRX JHYQHL
JHYQK JHYQK JHYQK JHQZ Q JHYQHVL
/D H GHO WHPD DOWHUQD FRQ R HQ ORV WUHV FDVRV LJXDOHV GHO VLQJXODU
I 7HPDV HQ GLSWRQJR HX DX RX 6,1*8/$5 1RPLQDWLYR 9RFDWLYR $FXVDWLYR *HQLWLYR 'DWLYR 3/85$/ 1RPLQDWLYR 9RFDWLYR $FXVDWLYR *HQLWLYR 'DWLYR
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
K- WULKYUK OD WULUUHPH
WULKYUK WULK UH WULKYUK WULKYURX WULKYUHL
(VWH PRGHOR OR SUHVHQWDQ VXVWDQWLYRV PDVFXOLQRV \ IHPHQLQRV
EDVLOHXY HYZ UH\
EDVLOHXY EDVLOHX
EDVLOHYD EDVLOHYZ EDVLOHL
JUDX RY YLHMD JUDX JUDX
JUDX Q JUDRY JUDLY
EDVLOHL EDVLOHL EDVLOHYD EDVLOHYZQ EDVLOHX VL
JUD H JUD H JUDX JUDZ Q JUDXVLY
/D IRUPD GHO DFXVDWLYR SOXUDO HV IRUPD DQiORJD DO QRPLQDWLYR
ERX RY EXH\ ERX ERX
ERX Q ERRY ERLY
)RUPDQ VXVWDQWLYRV PDVFXOLQRV \ IHPHQLQRV /D X VH HOLGH FXDQGR VH HQFXHQWUD HQWUH YRFDOHV
WULKYUHL WULKYUHL WULKYUHL WULKYUZQ WULKYUHVL
ERYH ERYH ERX ERZ Q ERXVLY
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
J 7HPDV HQ YRFDO VXDYH L X 7HPDV LQYDULDEOHV 120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
7HPDV YDULDEOHV HL HX
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ 6,1*8/$5 RL? RL? RL?Q RLMRY RLMLY
RL? RLMR Y RYHMD
RL?H RL?H RL? RLMZ Q RLMVLY
3/85$/
SRYOL SRYOHZ FLXGDG
SRYOL SRYOL SRYOLQ SRYOHZ SRYOHL
120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
SRYOHL SRYOHL SRYOHL SRYOHZQ SRYOHVL
7RPDQ GHVLQHQFLD HQ HO QRPLQDWLYR VLQJXODU \ DFXVDWLYR SOXUDO \ OD GHVLQHQFLD Q HQ HO DFXVDWLYR VLQJXODU /RV WHPDV HQ YRFDO YDULDEOH WUDQVIRUPDQ OD L X GHO WHPD HQ HL HX UHVSHFWLYDPHQWH HQ WRGRV ORV FDVRV H[FHSWR QRPLQDWLYR YRFDWLYR \ DFXVDWLYR GHO VLQJXODU (Q HVWRV WHPDV HO DFXVDWLYR SOXUDO HV VLHPSUH LJXDO TXH HO QRPLQDWLYR
&/$6,),&$&,Ï1 '( /26 $'-(7,926 75(6 7(50,1$&,21(6
35,0(5$ &/$6(
6(*81'$ &/$6(
NDORY KY RYQ PHYOD PHYODLQD PHYODQ
'26 7(50,1$&,21(6
35,0(5$ &/$6(
6(*81'$ &/$6(
H>QGR[R RQ HXMGDLYPZQ RQ
$'-(7,926 ,55(*8/$5(6 SROXY SROOKY SROXY PXFKR
0$6& SROXY 120,1$7,92 SROXYQ $&86$7,92 SROORX
*(1,7,92 SROOZ '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 )(0(1 1(8752 SROOKY SROXY SROOKYQ SROXY SROOK SROORX
SROOK SROOZ
0$6& SROORLY SROORXY SROOZ Q SROORL
3/85$/ )(0(1 SROODLY SROODY SROOZ Q SROODL
1(8752 SROODY SROODY SROOZ Q SROORL
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
PHYJD PHJDYOK PHYJD JUDQGH
6,1*8/$5 )(0(1 1(8752 PHJDYOK PHYJD PHJDYOKQ PHYJD PHJDYOK PHJDYORX PHJDYOK PHJDYOZ
0$6& PHYJD 120,1$7,92 PHYJDQ $&86$7,92 PHJDYORX *(1,7,92 PHJDYOZ '$7,92
0$6& PHJDYORL PHJDYORX PHJDYOZQ PHJDYORL
3/85$/ )(0(1 1(8752 PHJDYODL PHJDYOD PHJDYOD PHJDYOD PHJDYOZQ PHJDYOZQ PHJDYODL PHJDYORL
/26 *5$'26 '(/ $'-(7,92 &203$5$7,92 WHUR D RQ LYZQ LRQ
683(5/$7,92 WDWR K RQ LVWR K RQ
*HQLWLYR FI ODWtQ DEODWLYR
K> \ HO PLVPR FDVR TXH HO SULPHU WpUPLQR FI ODWtQ TXDP
*HQLWLYR SDUWLWLYR
68),-26 6(*81'2 7e50,12
(MHPSORV
6RIZYWHURY HMVWL WRX 3HYWURX 6RIZYWHURY HMVWL K> 3HYWUR
6ZNUDYWK K?Q VRIZYWDWR WZ Q -(OOKYQZQ
$'-(7,926 '( 75(6 7(50,1$&,21(6 &/$6(
0$6& R 120,1$7,92 92&$7,92 H RQ $&86$7,92 RX *(1,7,92 Z '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ )(0(1 1(8752 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752 D K RQ RL DL D
D K
DQ KQ D K D K
RQ RQ RX Z
RL
RX ZQ RL
DL
D ZQ DL
D
D ZQ RL
(/ $57Ì&8/2
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
0$6&
RWRYQ WRX
WZ
6,1*8/$5 )(0(1 1(8752
KWKYQ WK WK
WRY WRY WRX
WZ
0$6&
RLWRXY WZ Q WRL
3/85$/ )(0(1
DLWDY WZ Q WDL
1(8752
WDY WDY WZ Q WRL
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
&203/(0(1726 '( /8*$5 $&86$7,92 &RPSOHPHQWR SRL OXJDU D GRQGH HLM
HMSLY SURY NDWDY DMQDY SDUDY
*(1,7,92
&RPSOHPHQWR SRYTHQ OXJDU GH GRQGH DMSRY SDUDY HMN
&RPSOHPHQWR SK OXJDU SRU GRQGH GLDY
'$7,92 &RPSOHPHQWR SRX OXJDU HQ GRQGH HMQ SDUDY SURY
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
/26 352120%5(6
352120%5(6 3(5621$/(6 12 5()/(;,926
3(56 HMJZY 120,1$7,92 HMPHY PH $&86$7,92 HMPRX PRX
*(1,7,92 HMPRLY PRL '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 3(56 VXY VHY VH VRX VRX VRLY VRL
3(56
H^ HRX_ RXRL_ RL-
3(56 K-PHL K-PD K-PZ Q K-PL Q
3/85$/ 3(56 X-PHL X-PD X-PZ Q X-PL Q
3(56 VIHL VID VIZ Q VILYVL Q
&RPR QRPLQDWLYR GHO SURQRPEUH GH SHUVRQD VH XVDQ ORV GHPRVWUDWLYRV RX_WR \ HMNHL QR HQ ORV GHPiV FDVRV VH VXHOH XWLOL]DU HO SURQRPEUH DXMWRY SXHV HO SURQRPEUH H^ HV PX\ SRFR XVDGR
352120%5(6 3(5621$/(6 5()/(;,926
$&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
3(56
HHMPDXWRYQ KYQ
6,1*8/$5 3(56
VHDXWRYQ KYQ
HMPDXWRX K VHDXWRX K HMPDXWZ K
VHDXWZ K
3(56
H-DXWRYQ KYQ RY
H-DXWRX K RX
H-DXWZ K Z
3/85$/ 3(56 3(56 3(56 K-PD DXMWRXY X-PD DXMWRXY VID DXMWRXY DY DY DY DY K-PZ Q DXMWZ Q X-PZ Q DXMWZ Q VIZ Q DXMWZ Q K-PL Q DXMWRL X-PL Q DXMWRL VILYVL Q DXMWRL DL DL DL
(Q OD WHUFHUD SHUVRQD GHO SOXUDO WDPELpQ VH XWLOL]DQ ODV IRUPDV DFXV H-DXWRXY DY DY JHQ H-DXWZ Q \ GDW H-DXWRL DL
352120%5(6 326(6,926 81 326(('25 9$5,26 326(('25(6
35,0(5$ 3(5621$
HMPRY KY RYQ K-PHYWHUR D RQ
6(*81'$ 3(5621$
VRY KY RYQ X-PHYWHUR D RQ
/D WHUFHUD SHUVRQD QR SRVHH IRUPDV SURSLDV GH SRVHVLYR 8WLOL]D ORV JHQLWLYRV GHO SURQRPEUH DXMWRY KY RY DXMWRX DXMWK DXMWRX FI ODWtQ HLXV DXMWZ Q FI ODWtQ HRUXP HDUXP HRUXP
/RV SRVHVLYRV GH SULPHUD \ VHJXQGD SHUVRQD SXHGHQ VHU VXVWLWXLGRV SRU HO JHQLWLYR GH ORV SURQRPEUHV SHUVRQDOHV R- SDWK U PRX R- HMPR SDWKYU
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
352120%5(6 '(02675$7,926 $ 'HPRVWUDWLYR R^GH a ODWtQ KLF KDHF KRF
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
0$6& R^GH WRYQGH WRX GH WZ GH
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ )(0(1 1(8752 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752 K^GH WRYGH RL^GH DL^GH WDYGH WKYQGH WRYGH WRXYVGH WDYVGH WDYGH WK VGH WRX GH WZ QGH WZ QGH WZ QGH WK GH WZ GH WRL VGH WDL VGH WRL VGH
% 'HPRVWUDWLYR RX_WR a ODWtQ LVWH LVWD LVWXG
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
0$6& RX_WR WRX WRQ WRXYWRX WRXYWZ
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ )(0(1 1(8752 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752 DX^WK WRX WR RX_WRL DX_WDL WDX WD WDXYWKQ WRX WR WRXYWRX WDXYWD WDX WD WDXYWK WRXYWRX WRXYWZQ WRXYWZQ WRXYWZQ WDXYWK WRXYWZ WRXYWRL WDXYWDL WRXYWRL
& 'HPRVWUDWLYR HMNHL QR a ODWtQ LOOH LOOD LOOXG
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
0$6& HMNHL QR HMNHL QRQ HMNHLYQRX HMNHLYQZ
6,1*8/$5 3/85$/ )(0(1 1(8752 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752 HMNHLYQK HMNHL QR HMNHL QRL HMNHL QDL HMNHL QD HMNHLYQKQ HMNHL QR HMNHLYQRX HMNHLYQD HMNHL QD HMNHLYQK HMNHLYQRX HMNHLYQZQ HMNHLYQZQ HMNHLYQZQ HMNHLYQK HMNHLYQZ HMNHLYQRL HMNHLYQDL HMNHLYQRL
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
352120%5( 5(/$7,92
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
0$6&
R^ R^Q RX_ Z_
6,1*8/$5 )(0(1 1(8752
K^ K^Q K_ K_
R^ R^ RX_ Z_
0$6&
RL^ RX^ Z_Q RL_
3/85$/ )(0(1
DL^ D^ Z_Q DL_
1(8752
D^ D^ Z_Q RL_
(O UHODWLYR KD GH FRQFHUWDU FRQ VX DQWHFHGHQWH HQ JpQHUR \ Q~PHUR HQ WDQWR TXH DSDUHFHUi HQ HO FDVR TXH H[LMD VX IXQFLyQ HQ OD RUDFLyQ -+ PRXVLNKY K^Q VX QX Q PDQTDYQHL PH WHYUSHL
352120%5( DXMWRY
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
PLVPR´
0$6&
DXMWRY DXMWRYQ DXMWRX
DXMWZ
6,1*8/$5 )(0(1 1(8752
DXMWKY DXMWKYQ DXMWK DXMWK
DXMWRY DXMWRY DXMWRX
DXMWZ
0$6&
DXMWRLY DXMWRXY DXMWZ Q DXMWRL
3/85$/ )(0(1
DXMWDLY DXMWDY DXMWZ Q DXMWDL
1(8752
DXMWDY DXMWDY DXMWZ Q DXMWRL
3UHFHGLGR GHO DUWtFXOR HO SURQRPEUH DXMWRY HTXLYDOH DO ODWtQ LGHP \ VLJQLILFD ³HO R- DXMWR EDVLOHXY LGHP UH[
1R SUHFHGLGR LQPHGLDWDPHQWH GHO DUWtFXOR HO SURQRPEUH DXMWRY HTXLYDOH DO ODWtQ LSVH \ VLJQLILFD ³PLVPR HQ SHUVRQD´ DXMWR R- EDVLOHXY LSVH UH[ ODWtQ LV
([FHSWR HQ QRPLQDWLYR HO SURQRPEUH DXMWRY HV XQ SURQRPEUH IyULFR \ HTXLYDOH DO
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
352120%5( ,17(552*$7,92 FI ODW TXLV
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752
WLY WLYQD WLYQR WRX
WLYQL WZ
WLY WLY WLYQR WRX
WLYQL WZ
3/85$/ 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752
WLYQH WLYQD WLYQZQ WLYVL Q
WLYQD WLYQD WLYQZQ WLYVL Q
352120%5( ,1'(),1,'2 FI ODW TXLV
120,1$7,92 $&86$7,92 *(1,7,92 '$7,92
6,1*8/$5 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752
WL WLQDY WLQRY WRX WLQLY WZ
WL WL WLQRY WRX WLQLY WZ
3/85$/ 0$6& )(0(1 1(8752
WLQHY WLQDY WLQZ Q WLVLY Q
WLQDY D>WWD WLQDY D>WWD WLQZ Q WLVLY Q
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
CARACTERÍSTICAS GENERALES DE LA CONJUGACIÓN GRIEGA 92&(6 02'26 7,(0326 7(0$6 1Ò0(526 $63(&72
$FWLYD ,QGLFDWLYR 3UHVHQWH 3UHVHQWH 6LQJXODU 3UHVHQWH 0HGLD 6XEMXQWLYR )XWXUR )XWXUR 3OXUDO $RULVWR 3DVLYD ,PSHUDWLYR 3HUIHFWR $RULVWR 'XDO 3HUIHFWR 2SWDWLYR $RULVWR 3HUIHFWR ,QILQLWLYR ,PSHUIHFWR 3DUWLFLSLR 3OXVFXDPS 7LHPSRV 6HFXQGDULRV
7LHPSRV 3ULPDULRV
&/$6,),&$&,Ï1 '(/ 9(5%2 *5,(*2
(Q YRFDO SXURV
L X SXURV QR FRQWUDFWRV
D H R SXURV FRQWUDFWRV
7(0È7,&26 HQ Z
OOHYDQ YRFDO WHPiWLFD 2FOXVLYD 0XGRV (Q FRQVRQDQWH FRQVRQiQWLFRV
/tTXLGD \ QDVDO OtTXLGRV
$7(0È7,&26 HQ PL
VLQ YRFDO WHPiWLFD
&RQ UHGXSOLFDFLyQ &RQ VXILMR
6LQ UHGXSOLFDFLyQ QL VXILMR
/D YRFDO WHPiWLFD TXH VLUYH GH XQLyQ HQWUH HO WHPD YHUEDO \ ODV GHVLQHQFLDV HV R DQWH Q P H HQ HO UHVWR GH ORV FDVRV
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
'(6,1(1&,$6 3(5621$/(6
$&7,9$6
0(',2 3$6,9$6
3ULPDULDV 6HFXQGDULDV 3ULPDULDV 6HFXQGDULDV Z Q PDL PKQ VDL VR WDL WR Â&#x2021; Â&#x2021; PHQ PHQ PHTD PHTD WH WH VTH VTH VL Q VDQ QWDL YWR
/DV GHVLQHQFLDV SULPDULDVVRQ SDUD HO SUHVHQWH IXWXUR SHUIHFWR \ WRGRV ORV VXEMXQWLYRV
/DV GHVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDVVRQ SDUD LPSHUIHFWR DRULVWR SOXVFXDPSHUIHFWR \ WRGRV ORV RSWDWLYRV
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
MORFOLOGÍA VERBAL. VOZ ACTIVA ,1',&$7,92 ,03(5$7,92 3UHVHQWH
,PSHUIHFWR
)XWXUR
$RULVWR
3HUIHFWR
3OXVFXDP
68%-817,92
7HPD 7HPD 7HPD V H V HYWZ 9RFDO ODUJD 'HVLQHQFLDV S HWH SULPDULDV 'HVLQHQFLDV S RYQWZQ SULPDULDV
$XPHQWR 7HPD 'HVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDV
7HPD V 'HVLQHQFLDV SULPDULDV $XPHQWR 7HPD VD 'HVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDV
5HGXSOLFDFLyQ 7HPD N 'HVLQHQFLDV SULPDULDV $XPHQWR 5HGXSOLFDFLyQ 7HPD NHL 'HVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDV
7HPD V VRQ V VDYWZ
S VDWH S VDYQWZQ 3DUWLFLSLR GH SHUIHFWR V L>VTL V H>VWZ S H>VWH S R>QWZQ
7HPD V 9RFDO ODUJD 'HVLQHQFLDV SULPDULDV 5HGXSOLFDFLyQ 7HPD N 9RFDO ODUJD 'HVLQHQFLDV SULPDULDV
237$7,92 7HPD RL 'HVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDV
7HPD VRL 'HVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDV 7HPD VDL 'HVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDV 5HGXSOLFDFLyQ 7HPD NRL 'HVLQHQFLDV VHFXQGDULDV
,1),1,7,92 7HPD HLQ QDL
7HPD VHLQ
7HPD VDL
5HGXSOLFDFLyQ 7HPD NHYQDL
3$57,&,3,2 7HPD 0DVF ZQ RQWR )HP RXVD RXVK 1HXW RQ RQWR
7HPD 0DVF VZQ VRQWR )HP VRXVD VRXVK 1HXW VRQ VRQWR 7HPD 0DVF VD VDQWR )HP VDVD VDYVK 1HXW VDQ VDQWR 5HGXSOLFDFLyQ 7HPD 0DVF NZY NRYWR )HP NXL D NXLYD 1HXW NRY NRYWR
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
(/ 9(5%2 3 5 6 ( 1 7 ( , 0 3 ( 5 ) ( & 7 2 ) 8 7 8 5 2
,1',&$7,92
HLMPLY HL? HMVWLY Q
HMVPHYQ HMVWHY HLMVLY Q
,03(5$7,92
L>VTL H>VWZ
H>VWH H>VWZQ R>QWZQ
68%-817,92
Z? K ? K ? Z?PHQ K?WH Z?VL Q
HLMPLY 237$7,92
HL>KQ HL>K HL>K HL?PHQ HL>KPHQ
HL?WH HL>KWH
HL?HQ HL>KVDQ
,1),1,7,92
HL?QDL
3$57,&,3,2
0DVF Z>Q R>QWR )HP RX?VD RX>VK 1HXW R>Q R>QWR
K?Q K?
K?VTD K?Q K?PHQ K?WH K?VDQ H>VRPDL H>VHL H>VK
H>VWDL HMVRYPHTD H>VHVTH H>VRQWDL
HMVRLYPHQ H>VRLR H>VRLWR HMVRLYPHTD H>VRLVTH H>VRLQWR
H>VHVTDL
0DV HMVRYPHQR HMVRPHYQRX )HP HMVRPHYQK HMVRPHYQK 1HX HMVRYPHQRQ HMVRPHYQRX
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
&21-8*$&,Ï1 9(5%2 OXYZ 92= $&7,9$ 3 5 ( 6 ( 1 7 ( , 0 3 ( 5 ) ( & 7 2
,1',&$7,92 ,03(5$7,92
OXYZ OXYHL OXYHL
OXYRPHQ OXYHWH OXYRXVL Q
OX H OXHYWZ
OXYHWH OXRYQWZQ
68%-817,92
OXYZ OXK OXYK
OXYZPHQ OXYKWH OXYZVL Q
7 8 5 2
OXYVRPHQ OXYVHWH OXYVRXVL Q
$ H>OXVD 2 H>OXVD 5 H>OXVH Q
3 ( 5 ) ( & 7 2
3 / 8 6 & 8 $ 0 3
HMOXYVDPHQ HMOXYVDWH H>OXVDQ
OHYOXND OHYOXND OHYOXNH Q
OHOXYNDPHQ OHOXYNDWH OHOXYNDVL Q
HMOHOXYNHLQ HMOHOXYNHL HMOHOXYNHL
HMOHOXYNHLPHQ HMOHOXYNHLWH HMOHOXYNHVDQ
OXYVDL OXYVDL OXYVDLHQ
OXYRLPHQ OXYRLWH OXYRLHQ
,1),1,7,92
3$57,&,3,2
OXYHLQ
0 OXYZQ OXYRQWR ) OXYRXVD OXRXYVK 1 OX RQ OXYRQWR
OXYVHLQ
0 OXYVZQ OXYVRQWR ) OXYVRXVD OXVRXYVK 1 OX VRQ OXYVRQWR
H>OXRQ H>OXH H>OXH Q
HMOXYRPHQ HMOXYHWH H>OXRQ OXYVZ ) OXYVHL 8 OXYVHL
, 6 7 2
237$7,92
OXYRLPL OXYRL OXYRL
OXYVRLPL OXYVRL OXYVRL
OX VRQ OXVDYWZ OXYVDWH OXVDYQWZQ L>VTL OHOXNZY H>VWZ H>VWH OHOXYNRWH R>QWZQ
OXYVZ OXYVK OXYVK
OXYVRLPHQ OXYVRLWH OXYVRLHQ OXYVDLPL OXYVHLD OXYVHLH
OHOXYNZ OHOXYNK OHOXYNK
OHOXYNRLPL OHOXYNRL OHOXYNRL
OXYVZPHQ OXYVKWH OXYVZVL Q
OXYVDLPHQ OXYVDLWH OXYVHLDQ
OHOXYNZPHQ OHOXYNRLPHQ OHOXYNKWH OHOXYNRLWH OHOXYNZVL Q OHOXYNRLHQ
OX VDL
0 OXYVD OXYVDQWR ) OXYVDVD OXVDYVK 1 OX VDQ OXYVDQWR
OHOXNHYQDL
0 OHOXNZY OHOXNRYWR ) OHOXNXL D OHOXNXLYD 1 OHOXNRY OHOXNRYWR
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
&21-8*$&,Ï1 9(5%2 OXYZ 92= 0(',$ 3 5 ( 6 ( 1 7 ( , 0 3 ( 5 ) ( & 7 2
) 8 7 8 5 2
,1',&$7,92 ,03(5$7,92
OXYRPDL OXYK HL
OXYHWDL OXYRPHTD OXYHVTH OXYRQWDL
HMOXRYPKQ HMOXYRX HMOXYHWR
3 ( 5 ) ( & 7 2
3 / 8 6 & 8 $ 0 3
OXYHVTH OXHYVTZQ
OXZYPHTD OXYKVTH OXYZQWDL
HMOXRYPHTD HMOXYHVTH HMOXYRQWR
OXYVRPDL OXYVK HL
OXYVHWDL
OXYVRPHTD OXYVHVTH OXYVRQWDL $ HMOXVDYPKQ 2 HMOXYVZ 5 HMOXYVDWZ , 6 7 2
OXYRX OXHYVTZ
68%-817,92
OXYZPDL OXYK OXYKWDL
HMOXVDYPHTD HMOXYVDVTH HMOXYVDQWR OHYOXPDL OHYOXVDL OHYOXWDL
OHOXYPHTD OHYOXVTH OHOXQWDL
HMOHOXYPKQ HMOHYOXVR HMOHYOXWR
HMOHOXYPHTD HMOHYOXVTH HMOHYOXQWR
237$7,92
OXRLYPKQ OXYRLR OXYRLWR
OXRLYPHTD OXYRLVTH OXYRLQWR
OXVRLYPKQ OXYVRLR OXYVRLWR
OX VDL OXVDYVTZ
OXYVZPDL OXYVK OXYVKWDL
OXYVDVTH OXVDYVTZQ
OXVZYPHTD OXYVKVTH OXYVZQWDL
OHYOXVR OHOXYVTZ
Z? OHOXYPHQR K? K?
OHYOXVTH OHOXYVTZQ
Z?PHQ OHOXPHYQRL K?WH Z?VL
OXVRLYPHTD OXYVRLVTH OXYVRLQWR OXVDLYPKQ OXYVDLR OXYVDLWR
OXVDLYPHTD OXYVDLVTH OXYVDLQWR HL>HQ OHOXYPHQR HL>K HL>K HL?PH
Q OHOXPHYQRL HL?WH HL_HQ
,1),1,7,92
OXYHVTDL
3$57,&,3,2
OXRYPHQR K RQ
OXYVHVTDL OXVRYPHQR K RQ
OXYVDVTDL OXVDYPHQR K RQ
OHOXVTDL
OHOXPHYQR K RQ
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
6,*1,),&$'26 /$ 92= 0(',$
/D YR] PHGLD LQGLFD GH XQD PDQHUD XQ WDQWR LQGHWHUPLQDGD TXH HO VXMHWR GH DOJ~Q PRGR VH YH DIHFWDGR SRU OD DFFLyQ YHUEDO TXH pO PLVPR UHDOL]D (VWD LQGHWHUPLQDFLyQ GD SLH D TXH HQFRQWUHPRV VHJ~Q ORV GLIHUHQWHV PDQXDOHV JUDQ YDULHGDG GH XVRV FRQFUHWRV DWULEXLGRV D OD YR] PHGLD $Vt VLJXLHQGR XQR GH HVWRV PDQXDOHV OD YR] PHGLD WLHQH GRV XVRV SULQFLSDOHV 9R] PHGLD UHIOH[LYD
(Q Vt PLVPR
SDUDVNHXDY]HLQ SDUDVNHXDY]HVTDL SUHSDUDU SUHSDUDUVH
(Q DOJR UHODFLRQDGR FRQ pO PLVPR DL-UHL Q DL-UHL VTDL FRJHU HVFRJHU
(Q XQ REMHWR TXH OH SHUWHQHFH
ORXYRPDL WD FHL UD PH ODYR ODV PDQRV
9R] PHGLD GLQiPLFD
SROLWHXYHLQ SROLWHXYHVTDL VHU FLXGDGDQR SDUWLFLSDU HQ HO JRELHUQR FRPR FLXGDGDQR
(Q RWUR PDQXDO \ DWHQGLHQGR D RWURV FULWHULRV HQFRQWUDPRV XQD UHODFLyQ PiV SUROLMD GH ORV XVRV GH OD YR] PHGLD 9HUERV WUDQVLWLYRV
$FFLyQ UHIOH[LYD LQGLUHFWD OD PiV JHQHUDO
IHYURQWDL RLMNRYTHQ D>UWRQ VH OOHYDQ HO SDQ GH FDVD ORXYRPDL WRX SRYGD PH ODYR ORV SLHV $FFLyQ UHIOH[LYD GLUHFWD
FULYRQWDL HMODLYZ VH XQWDQ FRQ DFHLWH
$FFLyQ UHIOH[LYD LQGLUHFWD FDXVDWLYD
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
SDLGHXYRPDL WRX SDL GD KDJR HGXFDU D ORV KLMRV $FFLyQ UHIOH[LYD GLQiPLFD
OXYHVTDL WR Q XL-RYQ UHVFDWDU DO KLMR FRQ GLQHUR SURSLR
9HUERV LQWUDQVLWLYRV FRQ FRPSOHPHQWR LQGLUHFWR GH UpJLPHQ R FLUFXQVWDQFLDO 7RL QRYPRL SHLYTRX REHGHFH D ODV OH\HV
(Q GHILQLWLYD OD YR] PHGLD LQGLFD TXH HO TXH UHDOL]D OD DFFLyQ HQFXHQWUD HQ HOOD XQ LQWHUpV HVSHFLDO R GH OD TXH HV HO FHQWUR 6X FDUiFWHU VXEMHWLYR H[SOLFD TXH KD\D FRQYHQLGR D OD H[SUHVLyQ GH SHQVDPLHQWRV R VHQWLPLHQWRV ERXYORPDL µTXHUHU¶
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
&21-8*$&,Ï1 9(5%2 OXYZ 92= 3$6,9$
/D YR] SDVLYD VyOR GLILHUH GH OD YR] PHGLD HQ ORV WHPDV GH IXWXUR \ DRULVWR &XHQWD DGHPiV FRQ XQ WLHPSR H[FOXVLYR GH HOOD HO IXWXUR SHUIHFWR ,1',&$7,92 ,03(5$7,92
OXTKYVRPDL ) OXTKYVK HL
8 OXTKYVHWDL
68%-817,92
7 8 5 2
OXTKVRLYPHTD OXTKYVRLVTH OXTKYVRLQWR
OXTKVRYPHTD OXTKYVHVTH OXTKYVRQWDL ) OHOXYVRPDL 8 OHOXYVK HL
7 OHOXYVHWDL 3 ( 5 )
OHOXVRYPHTD OHOXYVHVTH OHOXYVRQWDL
HMOXYTKQ $ HMOXYTK 2 HMOXYTK 5 , 6 7 2
HMOXYTKPHQ HMOXYTKWH HMOXYTKVDQ
237$7,92 OXTKVRLYPKQ OXTKYVRLR OXTKYVRLWR
OXYTKWL OXTKYWZ OXYTKWH OXTHYQWZQ
OXTZ
OXTK OXTK
OXTZ PHQ OXTK WH OXTZ VL Q
,1),1,7,92
OXTKYVHVTDL
OXTHLYKQ OXTHLYK OXTHLYK
OXTHLYKPHQ OXTHLYKWH OXTHLYKVDQ
OXTK QDL
3$57,&,3,2
OXTKVRYPHQR K RQ
0 OXTHLY OXTHYQWR ) OXTHL VD OXTHLYVK
1 OXTHYQ OXTHYQWR
(/ &203/(0(172 $*(17(
6L HO DJHQWH HV SHUVRQD HO FRPSOHPHQWR VH H[SUHVD FRQ XSRY JHQLWLYR FI ODW DE DEODWLYR SDLGHXYRPDL X-SR SDWURY 6L HO DJHQWH HV FRVD HO FRPSOHPHQWR VH H[SUHVD HQ GDWLYR FI ODW DEODWLYR NZOXYRQWDL WZ QRYPZ
OXTHL PHQ OXTHL WH OXTHL HQ
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
(/ ,1),1,7,92 *5,(*2 025)2/2*Ã&#x2039;$ QHXWUR
(O LQILQLWLYR HV XQD IRUPD QRPLQDO GHO YHUER TXH VH GHILQH FRPR VXVWDQWLYR YHUEDO ,1),1,7,926 '( /$ 92= $&7,9$
35(6(17( SDXYHLQ
)87852 SDXYVHLQ
$25,672 SDX VDL
3(5)(&72 SHSDXNHYQDL
6,17$;,6
D &RQ DUWtFXOR
(O XVR GHO DUWtFXOR FRQ HO LQILQLWLYR VXSRQH OD DXWpQWLFD GHFOLQDFLyQ GHO LQILQLWLYR 6X IXQFLyQ VLQWiFWLFD YLHQH PDUFDGD SRU HO FDVR TXH HO DUWtFXOR OH LPSRQJD \ HQ VX FDVR SRU HO XVR GH SUHSRVLFLRQHV 7Z SRQHL Q VXQHFZ HMNUDYWKVDQ RL- -5RPDL RL 'LD WR ILORPDTK HL?QDL SROOD DMQKUZYWD
E 2UDFLyQ FRPSOHWLYD GH LQILQLWLYR VXMHWR R FRPSOHPHQWR GLUHFWR E 6LQ VXMHWR HO LQILQLWLYR VH WUDGXFH SRU HO LQILQLWLYR HVSDxRO HXMTX SDL GH PDQTDYQRXVLQ D>UFHLQ FUK SLVWHXYHLQ THZ
E &RQ VXMHWR HO VXMHWR GHO LQILQLWLYR DSDUHFH HQ DFXVDWLYR 'LFKR VXMHWR SXHGH QR H[SUHVDUVH VL HV HO PLVPR TXH HO GHO YHUER SULQFLSDO R VL HQ OD RUDFLyQ SULQFLSDO DSDUHFH HQ JHQLWLYR R GDWLYR 1RPLY]Z THR Q HL?QDL 'HL WR Q D>QTUZSRQ SLVWHXYHLQ THZ 3DODLRL VRIRL H>OHJRQ WK Q \XFK Q DMTDYQDWRQ HL?QDL 1RPLY]Z SLVWRX ILYORX H>FHLQ 3URVKYNHL D>QTUZSRL DMQGUHLYRL HL?QDL
E &RQVWUXFFLyQ SHUVRQDO HO VXMHWR GHO LQILQLWLYR DSDUHFH HQ QRPLQDWLYR SRU VHU SULPHUR VXMHWR GHO YHUER SULQFLSDO HQ IRUPD SHUVRQDO 'RNHL PRL D-PDUWDYQHLQ R- VWUDWKJR QLNK VDL OHYJHWDL
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
(/ 3$57,&,3,2 (648(0$
'(),1,&,Ï1 DGMHWLYR YHUEDO 025)2/2*Ë$ YHU FXDGUR GH FRQMXJDFLRQHV 6,17$;,6 3DUWLFLSLR DWULEXWLYR FRQ DUWtFXOR # RUDFLyQ GH UHODWLYR HVSHFLILFDWLYD 3DUWLFLSLR DSRVLWLYR VLQ DUWtFXOR # RUDFLyQ FLUFXQVWDQFLDO &RQFHUWDGR $EVROXWR JHQLWLYR R DFXVDWLYR 3DUWLFLSLR SUHGLFDWLYR 6XEMHWLYR 2EMHWLYR # RUDFLyQ FRPSOHWLYD
'(),1,&,Ï1
(O SDUWLFLSLR HV XQ DGMHWLYR YHUEDO 3DUWLFLSD SRU WDQWR GH ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV GHO DGMHWLYR GHEH FRQFHUWDU HQ JpQHUR Q~PHUR \ FDVR FRQ XQ VXVWDQWLYR R SURQRPEUH \ GH ODV GHO YHUER WLHQH WLHPSR YR] DVSHFWR VXMHWR \ ORV FRPSOHPHQWRV TXH SXHGD R GHED OOHYDU FXDOTXLHU IRUPD YHUEDO 025)2/2*Ë$
9HU ORV FXDGURV GH ODV FRQMXJDFLRQHV DFWLYD PHGLD \ SDVLYD DVt FRPR HO FXDGUR GH OD FRQMXJDFLyQ GHO YHUER HLMPLY 6,17$;,6
8QD GH ODV FDUDFWHUtVWLFDV PiV QRWDEOHV GH OD VLQWD[LV JULHJD HV HO DEXQGDQWtVLPR XVR TXH KDFH GHO SDUWLFLSLR 7UHV VRQ ODV FRQVWUXFFLRQHV VLQWiFWLFDV TXH HO SDUWLFLSLR JULHJR SXHGH SUHVHQWDU DWULEXWLYR DSRVLWLYR \ SUHGLFDWLYR $ 3$57,&,3,2 $75,%87,92
$GHPiV HO SDUWLFLSLR FRPR DGMHWLYR TXH HV SXHGH VXVWDQWLYDUVH (VWR RFXUUH FXDQGR DSDUHFH SUHVHQWDGR SRU HO DUWtFXOR \ VLQ FRQFHUWDU FRQ QDGLH (Q HVWRV FDVRV VH WUDGXFH ELHQ SRU XQ VXVWDQWLYR ELHQ SRU XQD RUDFLyQ GH UHODWLYR VXVWDQWLYDGD RL- THZYPHQRL ORV HVSHFWDGRUHV RL- WK Q SDWULYGD ILORX QWH ORV TXH DPDQ D VX SDWULD
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
6H WUDWD GHO SDUWLFLSLR TXH DSDUHFH FRQ HO DUWtFXOR (TXLYDOH D XQD RUDFLyQ GH UHODWLYR HVSHFLILFDWLYD 2L- NDPRYQWH VWUDWLZ WDL HMNRLPKYTKVDQ /RV VROGDGRV TXH HVWDEDQ FDQVDGRV VH DFRVWDURQ % 3$57,&,3,2 $326,7,92
(O SDUWLFLSLR TXH DSDUHFH VLQ DUWtFXOR HTXLYDOH D XQD RUDFLyQ VXERUGLQDGD DGYHUELDO WHPSRUDO ILQDO FDXVDO FRQGLFLRQDO FRQFHVLYD 3XHGH SUHVHQWDUVH EDMR GRV IRUPDV E &RQFHUWDQGR FRQ XQ VXVWDQWLYR R SURQRPEUH TXH GHVHPSHxD XQD IXQFLyQ HQ OD RUDFLyQ SULQFLSDO FI ODW SDUWLFLSLR FRQFHUWDGR
me alejo de esta riqueza, 7RXYWRX WRX NHYUGRX DMSHYUFRPDL DLMVFUR Q QRPLY]ZQ porque creo que es vergonzosa, ^(OOKQH R>QWH EDUEDYURL GRXOHXYVRPHQ como somos griegos, dominaremos a los ?+OTH OXVRYPHQR TXYJDWUD bรกrbaros. ve tรบ a liberar a la hija.
E *HQLWLYR R DFXVDWLYR DEVROXWR (O JHQLWLYR DEVROXWR FI ODW DEODWLYR DEVROXWR HV OD FRQVWUXFFLyQ HQ OD TXH HO SDUWLFLSR FRQFLHUWD FRQ XQ VXVWDQWLYR R SURQRPEUH TXH QR GHVHPSHxD QLQJXQD IXQFLyQ HQ OD RUDFLyQ SULQFLSDO HV GHFLU IXQFLRQD H[FOXVLYDPHQWH FRPR VXMHWR GHO SDUWLFLSLR (Q WDO FDVR WDQWR HO VXVWDQWLYR R SURQRPEUH FRPR HO SDUWLFLSLR DSDUHFHQ HQ JHQLWLYR ;HYU[RX D>UFRQWR RL- 3HYUVDL HLM WK Q -(OODYGD HMVWUDWHXYVDQWR 4HZPHYQZQ WR Q DMJZ QD WZ Q H-WDLYUZQ SROOK ILORQLNLYD HMJHYQHWR
(O DFXVDWLYR DEVROXWR &RQ FLHUWDV H[SUHVLRQHV LPSHUVRQDOHV HO JULHJR XVD HO SDUWLFLSR QHXWUR HQ DFXVDWLYR GH IRUPD DEVROXWD Siendo rey Jerjes, los persas realizaron una expediciรณn hacia Grecia
GHYRQ VLHQGR SXHVWR TXH HV SUHFLVR SURVK NRQ VLHQGR SXHVWR TXH HV FRQYHQLHQWH GXQDYWRQ R>Q VLHQGR SXHVWR TXH HV SRVLEOH HM[RQ SDURYQ SDUHYFRQ VLHQGR SXHVWR TXH HV SRVLEOH GRNRX Q GRY[DQ SXHV VH KD GHFLGLGR GLYNDLRQ R>Q SXHVWR TXH HV MXVWR & 3$57,&,3,2 35(',&$7,92
6H WUDWD GHO SDUWLFLSLR XVDGR HQ IXQFLyQ SUHGLFDWLYD VXEMHWLYD FRQFHUWDQGR FRQ HO VXMHWR X REMHWLYD FRQFHUWDQGR FRQ HO REMHWR GLUHFWR F 3UHGLFDWLYR VXEMHWLYR
c 9HUERV TXH H[SUHVDQ XQ PRGR GH VHU R HVWDU GHO VXMHWR WXJFDYQZ VHU SRU FDVXDOLGDG UHVXOWDU ODQTDYQZ HVWDU RFXOWR SDVDU LQDGYHUWLGR IDLYQRPDL SDUHFHU VHU PDQLILHVWR *HQHUDOPHQWH WUDGXFLUHPRV HVWRV YHUERV SRU XQ DGYHUELR GH OD PLVPD UDt] YHUEDO \ HO SDUWLFLSLR FRPR YHUER SULQFLSDO
(VTXHPDV GH PRUIRORJtD JULHJD
3DUZ Q HMWXYJFDQH FDVXDOPHQWH VH KDOODED SUHVHQWH >(ODTHQ DMSRGUDY KX\y RFXOWDPHQWH )DLYQHWDL NDNR Z>Q HV HYLGHQWHPHQWH PDOR
d 9HUERV TXH VLJQLILFDQ DFDEDU HPSH]DU FRQWLQXDU VHU HO SULPHUR DYHQWDMDU YHQFHU KDFHU ELHQ R PDO M$UFZYPHTD GLDOHJRYPHQRL HPSHFHPRV D GLDORJDU )TDYQZ WRX ILYORX HXMHUJHWZ Q VR\ HO SULPHUR HQ IDYRUHFHU D ORV DPLJRV .DOZ HMSRLYKVD OHYJZQ KLFLVWH ELHQ HQ KDEODU
VHQWLPLHQWRV R DIHFWRV e 9HUERV TXH H[SUHVDQ FDLYUZ K^GRPDL DOHJUDUVH D>FTRPDL DIOLJLUVH DLMVFXYQRPDL DYHUJRQ]DUVH PHWDPHYORPDL DUUHSHQWLUVH $LMVFXYQRPDL WDX WD LMGZYQ PH DYHUJ HQ]R GH KDEHU YLVWR HVWR 0HWDPHYORPDL \HXVDYPHQR PH DUUHSLHQWR GH KDEHU PHQWLGR
F 3UHGLFDWLYR REMHWLYR
c /RV YHUERV TXH H[SUHVDQ XQD SHUFHSFLyQ VHQVLEOH R LQWHOHFWXDO YHU RtU VDEHU LJQRUDU FRPSUHQGHU GHVFXEULU PRVWUDU FRQYHQFHU HWF SXHGHQ OOHYDU XQ SDUWLFLSLR FRQFHUWDGR FRQ HO FRPSOHPHQWR GLUHFWR FRQVWUXFFLyQ TXH HTXLYDOH \ GHEH WUDGXFLUVH FRPR RUDFLyQ FRPSOHWLYD -2UZ PHQ WDX WD SDYQWD DMOKTK R>QWD YHPRV TXH WRGR HVWR HV YHUGDG 'HLY[Z RX^WZ WDX WD H>FRQWD GHPRVWUDUp TXH HVWR HV DVt