Tema: Europeisk byprofil

TROMSØ SJØFRONT LABORATORIUM MERKNADSDOKUMENT PLAN 0225 - Kommentarer og analyser av planbeskrivelsen European Law D EUROPEISK BYPROFIL European laws guarantee freedom of trade and movement: a municipality cannot totally ban access to nonlabeled delivery companies, unless duly justified. For eksempel brukes begrepet europeisk byprofil gjentatte ganger i planbeskrivelsen, for å argumentere From: Sustainable Urban Mobility Pathways, 2019for hvordan byens form og høyder skal være i fremtiden. For det første er begrepet generelt perifert Related terms:i en hver diskusjon om byutvikling, og for det andre stammer det fra en analyse av overordnede utviklingstrekk i store (over 1 mill innbyggere) byer i ulike deler av verden, laget på 90-tallet. Det har derfor European Union, naturlig nok ingenCivil Law, Intellectual Property, Customary Law, Court of Justicerelevans i beskrivelsen av de spesifikke naturgitte og historiske forhold som har formet Tromsø. Videre er det et deskriptivt begrep som i sentrumsplanen brukes normativt, og som det View all Topics heller ikke gis noen ytterligere forklaring av. Når planen bruker et slikt begrep autorativt (planen er en lov), må det minimum forventes at det tydelig relateres til Tromsø, og at det sannsynliggjøres at begrepet faktisk er relevant. Når det derimot helt åpenbart ikke har relevans, vil en hver slutning om planens form som bygger på dette premisset nødvendigvis bli feil.

Fra kronikk ”Trenger vi en sentrumsplan?” av Magdalena Haggärde & Gisle Løkken

Cities: Internal Structure E. Lichtenberger, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, European Law 2001 European laws guarantee freedom of trade and movement: a municipality cannot totally ban access to nonlabeled delivery companies, unless duly justified. 2.4.1 The third dimension From: Sustainable Urban Mobility Pathways, 2019 Vertical growth means high-rise construction. Up to the 1970s, when some cities Related terms: changed their laws, European cities could not expand vertically because of strict zoning laws, but were forced to grow laterally. This necessitated the conversion of European Union, Civil Law, Intellectual Property, Customary Law, Court of Justice dwelling space into office space, e.g., in Paris and Vienna. High-rise construction in View all Topics European cities started relatively late (see Fig. 7). Its location within the city—frequently subject to special permission—is different from that in North America. There, the vertical structure of urban skylines shows that land prices peak in the center while in European cities ‘monument protection’ bars high-rises from the centers. Thus, the new landmarks of banks, insurance firms, corporation headquarters, and hotels keep a polite distance from the old landmarks of churches, town halls, and Cities: Internal Structure castles. E. Lichtenberger, in International Encyclopedia of the Social & Behavioral Sciences, 2001

2.4.1 The third dimension

Vertical growth means high-rise construction. Up to the 1970s, when some cities changed their laws, European cities could not expand vertically because of strict zoning laws, but were forced to grow laterally. This necessitated the conversion of dwelling space into office space, e.g., in Paris and Vienna. High-rise construction in European cities started relatively late (see Fig. 7). Its location within the city—frequently subject to special permission—is different from that in North America. There, the vertical structure of urban skylines shows that land prices peak in the cenFigure 7. Skylines of European, North-American, and Russian million-cities (Stadtter while in European cities ‘monument protection’ bars high-rises from the centers. geographie (Urban Geography) 1998, p. 198) Thus, the new landmarks of banks, insurance firms, corporation headquarters, and For the sake of access to the various supply and disposal mains, high-rises are hotels keep a polite distance from the old landmarks of churches, town halls, and preferably located along urban ‘scars’: at the interfaces of traditional zones where castles. former boundaries still show in open space or low physical objects. Frequently, new high-rises accent not only the edge of traditional inner cities but, centripetally, also major points of access to older outer cities and suburbs. High-rises also mark the front of growth of the CBD, busy commuter train stations, as well as ‘satellite’ districts. They are also instrumental in slum clearing.

Fra artikkel av Elisabeth Lichtenberger (2001) Figuren Europeisk byprofil opprinnelig publisert i 1998 som illustrasjon av hvordan > Read full chapter mange byer er vokst frem - ikke prinsippe for byutvikling. Googling av begrepet gir bare treff som peker på ”Utkast: Planbeskrivelse 31.04.2020 - KOMMUNEDELPLAN FOR TROMSØ SENTRUM 2020-2032”