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Prelims Shatabdi Express Ease of Doing Business ● The World Bank has released Ease of Doing Business ranking. ● India ranks at 63rd among 190 countries, marking an improvement of 14 places from the previous year (77th rank in 2018). ● This is the third year in a row that India was present in the list of 10 economies where the business climate has improved the most. ● India’s ranking improved basically on four parameters- Starting a Business, Dealing with Construction Permits, Trading across Borders and Resolving Insolvency. ● India still lags in areas such as enforcing contracts and registering property. ● For Ease of Doing Business,the World Bank will now include Kolkata and Bengaluru, besides Delhi and Mumbai, for preparing this report.
Zonal Council ● The Zonal Councils are the statutory bodies. ● These were set up vide Part-III of the States Reorganisation Act, 1956. ● The act divided the country into five zones and provided a zonal council for each zone. ❏ Northern Zonal Council ❏ Central Zonal Council ❏ Eastern Zonal Council ❏ Western Zonal Council ❏ Southern Zonal Council
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The 7 North Eastern states (Assam, Manipur, Mizoram, Arunachal Pradesh, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Tripura and Sikkim) are not covered by any of the Zonal Councils and their special problems are addressed by another statutory body, the North Eastern Council, created by the North Eastern Council Act, 1971.
Lymphatic Filariasis ● It's also known as elephantiasis, which is a neglected tropical disease. ● It impairs the lymphatic system and can lead to the abnormal enlargement of body parts, causing pain, severe disability and social stigma. ● Infection occurs when filarial parasites are transmitted to humans through mosquitoes. Infection is usually acquired in childhood causing hidden damage to the lymphatic system. ● The said disease is caused mainly by Wuchereria Bancrofti and spread by Culex mosquitoes. This mosquito grows in dirty accumulated water. ● Recently, the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare organized National Symposium on the theme ‘United to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis’. ● The minister also signed the “Call to Action to eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis by 2021” First Snow Leopard Survey ● GOI has launched the First National Protocol on Snow Leopard Population Assessment. ● It was launched in the Global Snow Leopard & Ecosystem Protection (GSLEP) Program on International Snow Leopard Day. ● The GSLEP Program is a high-level intergovernmental alliance of all the 12 snow leopard range countries. ● The snow leopard countries❏ India, Nepal, Bhutan, China, Mongolia, Russia, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Tajikistan, and Uzbekistan. ● IUCN status of Snow leopards- Vulnerable ● CITES- Appendix I ● Indian Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972- Schedule I Chenani-Nashri Tunnel ● Chenani-Nashri Tunnel, officially known as Dr. Syama Prasad Mookerjee Tunnel, is a road tunnel in the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir. ● The 9 km long two-lane, bidirectional tunnel is Southeast Asia’s first and longest state-of-the-art Intelligent Highway Tunnel. ● It is located at an altitude of 1200 metres in difficult Himalayan terrain. IndiGen programme ● Recently, CSIR announced the conclusion of a six-month exercise of conducting a “whole-genome sequence” of a 1,008 Indians. ● The project is part of a programme called IndiGen. ● IndiGen programme aims to undertake whole genome sequencing of thousands of individuals representing diverse ethnic groups from India.
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The objective is to enable genetic epidemiology and develop public health technologies applications using population genome data. Genome ❏ A genome is an organism's complete set of DNA, including all of its genes. ❏ Each genome contains all of the information needed to build and maintain that organism.
Hygiea ● Space scientists have discovered a new celestial body Hygiea. ● It might be the smallest such planet to exist in the solar system, sized at 430 kilometres in diameter. ● The International Astronomical Union sets 4 criteria for a dwarf planet and Hygiea already satisfies 3 criteria❏ It orbits around the Sun ❏ It's not a moon ❏ It has not cleared the neighbourhood around its orbit. ● However, before Hygiea can get officially be given the status of a dwarf planet, the International Astronomical Union (IAU), need to review all the evidence and hold a vote. National Health Profile 2019 ● The 14th edition of National Health Profile and its e-book has been released by Health Minister in New Delhi. ● The NHP is prepared by the Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (CBHI). ● It covers comprehensive information on demographic, socio-economic health status, health finance indicators, health infrastructure and health of human resources in the country. ● Key Findings of NHP 2019 ❏ Life expectancy in India has increased from 49.7 years in 1970-75 to 68.7 years in 2012-16. ❏ For the same period, the life expectancy for females is 70.2 years and 67.4 years for males. ❏ Highest population density was reported by the NCT of Delhi whereas Arunachal Pradesh has reported the lowest population density. ❏ The infant mortality rate has declined considerably (33 per 1,000 live births in 2016), however differentials of rural (37) & urban (23) are still high. ❏ The Total Fertility Rate (TFR) for the country was 2.3 for the country (In rural areas-2.5 and In urban areas- 1.8) ● Pls Note that - Central Bureau of Health Intelligence (CBHI) is the National Nodal agency for Health Intelligence in the Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare with the vision to have “A strong Health Management Information System (HMIS) in entire country”. Elastocaloric Effect ● When rubber bands are twisted and untwisted, it produces a cooling effect. ● This cooling effect is called the "elastocaloric effect".
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When a rubber band is stretched, it absorbs heat from its environment, and when it is released, it gradually cools down. In order to figure out how the twisting mechanism might be able to enable a fridge. Scientists have suggested that if it is harnessed, the need of fluid refrigerants used in fridges and air-conditioners can be done away.
Imp Committee
School Education Quality Index (SEQI) ● SEQI was developed by NITI Aayog to evaluate the performance of States and Union Territories (UTs) in the school education sector. ● The index aims to bring an ‘outcomes’ focus to education policy by providing States and UTs with a platform to identify their strengths and weaknesses and undertake requisite course corrections or policy interventions. ● SEQI index is developed through a collaborative process, including Ministry of Human Resource and Development, the World Bank and sector experts. ● It consists of 30 critical indicators which have been categorised under two groups ● These indicators are categorized as below● Category 1: Outcomes ● Domain 1: Learning outcomes ● Domain 2: Access outcomes ● Domain 3: Infrastructure and facilities for outcomes ● Domain 4: Equity outcomes ● Category 2: Governance processes aiding outcomes ● According to the index, whose base year has been set as 2015-16 and reference year set as 2016-17, Kerala recorded impressive incremental performance, from a 77.6% score in 2015-16 to 82.2% score in the next year to retain the top spot.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express Apprenticeship (Amendment) Rules, 2019 ● Apprenticeship is a Skill Training program wherein a person is engaged by a company as an apprentice and gains classroom learning for a short period, followed by on the job (practical) training. ● Union Ministry for Skill Development and Entrepreneurship has notified changes in Apprenticeship Rules-1992 , Now as per amendment Rules 2019● The hiring limit of apprentices has been raised to 15% of the total strength of an establishment. ● The minimum amount of stipend prescribed ranges from Rs 5,000 (for school pass outs between Class 5th & 9th) to 9,000 per month (for graduate or degree apprentices). ● The Centre has also lowered the size limit of an establishment with a mandatory obligation to engage apprentices on an optional basis from 40 to 30, and reduced the size-limit of an establishment wanting to engage apprentices from 6 to 4. ● Ministry has also launched Apprenticeship Pakhwada which is a 15-day cross-country event to drive awareness of the Apprenticeship in collaboration with 22 organization. Consumer App ● Recently, Union Minister of Consumer Affairs, Food and Public Distribution has launched Consumer App. ● It will help to fast-track consumer grievance redressal process and provide an effective forum for consumers to give their valuable suggestions. ● it will be time bound resolution of all grievances. ● If grievances are simple in nature, it will be resolved within 20 days while those that elicit a feedback from companies or further enquiries required will be resolved within 60 days. ● If after 60 days the grievance is not resolved, the consumer will be advised to proceed to consumer fora. ● Consumers can use this app in both English and Hindi languages. Scientists excavate ‘ancient river’ in Uttar Pradesh ● The Jal Shakti Ministry has excavated an old, dried-up river in Prayagraj (formerly Allahabad) that linked the Ganga and Yamuna rivers. ● The newly discovered river was a "buried paleochannel" that joins the Yamuna river at Durgapur village, about 26 km south of the current Ganga-Yamuna confluence at Prayagraj. ● Evidence from palaeochannels also suggested that the mythological Saraswati river did indeed exist.
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A paleochannel is a remnant of an inactive river or stream channel that has been filled or buried by younger sediment.
INS Nilgiri ● INS Nilgiri is the first ship of Project 17A. ● INS Nilgiri is the first of the Indian Navy's seven new stealth frigates with enhanced stealth features and indigenous weapons and sensors. ● Project-17A consists of a series of seven ships, as a follow-up to the Shivalik/Project-17 series. ● Project-17A will be a more refined version of Shivalik class and are expected to be bigger, faster and stealthier than its predecessor. Salar de Uyuni ● Salar de Uyuni is the world's largest salt flat. ● It is in southwest Bolivia, near the crest of the Andes. ● It contains 50% to 70% of the world's known lithium reserves. RBI’s Report on State Finances ● The RBI has released a report on States Finances "A Study of Budgets of 2019-20". ● As per this report outstanding debt of states have risen over the last five years to 25% of GDP, posing medium-term challenges to its sustainability. ● States’ gross fiscal deficit has remained within the FRBM threshold of 3% of gross domestic product during 2017-18 and 2018-19. ● Suggestions- States need to gradually harness the GST database to expand the tax base. ● States need to review tariff policies too relating to power and irrigation, keeping in mind the break-even user charges. ● Fiscal Responsibility and Budget Management (FRBM) Act sets the target for the government to reduce fiscal deficits. ● NK Singh committee (To review the FRBM Act) recommended that the government should target a fiscal deficit of 3% of the GDP in the years up to 31 march 2020, 2.8% in 2020-21 and to 2.5% by 2023. Paryatan Parv 2019 ● The Ministry of Tourism is organising a nationwide event Paryatan Parv 2019 from 2nd to 13th October 2019. ● Paryatan Parv is being organized with the objective of drawing focus on the benefits of tourism, showcasing the cultural diversity of the country and reinforcing the principle of “Tourism for All”. ● Paryatan Parv 2019 is dedicated to 150th Birth Anniversary of Mahatma Gandhi. ● The three components of Paryatan Parv, are: ❏ Dekho Apna Desh:To encourage Indians to visit their own country. ❏ Tourism for All:Tourism Events at sites across all States in the country are being organised. ❏ The activities at these sites will include illumination in and around the Sites, Cultural Programmes of Dance, Music, Theatre, Story Telling, Sensitisation Programmes for Stakeholders around the Sites etc.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express ❏ Tourism & Governance:Interactive Sessions & Workshops with Stakeholders on varied themes have been organised across the Country as a part of the Paryatan parv activities. National Air Quality Index (AQI) ● National Air Quality Index (AQI) transforms complex air quality data of eight pollutants into a single number index value, nomenclature and colour. ● There are six AQI categories, namely Good, Satisfactory, Moderately polluted, Poor, Very Poor, and Severe. ● The said AQI will consider eight pollutants (PM10, PM2.5, Nitrogen Dioxide-NO2, Sulphur Dioxide-SO2, Carbon Monoxide-CO, Ozone-O3, Ammonia-NH3 and Lead-Pb) for which short-term (up to 24-hourly) National Ambient Air Quality Standards are prescribed. Estimation of Carbon on Earth ● Deep Carbon Observatory (DCO) which is a 10 year long global research program at the US National Academy of Sciences has released a series of papers estimating the total carbon on Earth. ● Carbon that we are concerned for climate change is only a tiny fraction of our planet's carbon. ● More than 90% of it is actually in the interior of the Earth - in the crust, the mantle and the core. ● Just two-tenths of 1% of Earth's total carbon - about 43,500 billion tonnes - is judged to be above the planet's surface, in the oceans, on land, and in the atmosphere. ● Everything else is in the deep reservoir, with two-thirds of the total contained within the core. 27th-anniversary celebrations of Rapid Action Force ● The Rapid Action Force (RAF) is a specialised wing of the Indian CRPF (Central Reserve Police Force). ● It deals with riot and crowd control situations. ● RAF was raised on 11 December 1991 with headquarters in New Delhi. Land-attack version of BrahMos ● India successfully test fired a land-attack version of BrahMos supersonic missile from Chandipur coast in Odisha.
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BrahMos is a joint venture between India's DRDO and Russian Federation's NPOM. The name BrahMos is based on two rivers, the Brahmaputra of India and the Moskva of Russia. It can be launched from submarine, ships, aircraft, or land. The missile travels at speeds of Mach 4, which is being upgraded to Mach 5.0.
Vayoshreshtha Samman ● The award would be given to eminent or outstanding Institutions or organisations and individuals from any part of the country. ● Vayoshreshtha awards are instituted by the Social Justice and Empowerment Ministry and are presented as part of the celebration of the International Day of older persons on 1st October. ● Nominations are invited from governmental and non-Governmental Agencies. PRAKASH Portal ● PRAKASH stands for Power Rail Koyla Availability through Supply Harmony. ● The Portal aims at bringing better coordination for coal supplies among all stakeholders. ● This is an important step in ensuring adequate availability and optimum utilization of coal at thermal power plants. ● The Portal is designed to help in mapping and monitoring the entire coal supply chain for power plants – ● Coal Stock at supply end (mines) ● Coal quantities/ rakes planned ● Coal quantity in transit ● Coal availability at power generating station Village Secretariat programme ● Andhra Pradesh Government has launched the Village Secretariat system. ● It will ensure efficient and corruption-free delivery of the government’s welfare schemes to households.
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In this system volunteers will conduct door-to-door visits and provide the benefits under various programmes to eligible beneficiaries. The main idea behind this programme is to ensure that govt's services reach people on the ground and also to strengthen the existing Panchayat Raj system.
Global Hunger Index ● The Global Hunger Index is an annual publication that is jointly prepared by the Concern Worldwide and the Welt Hunger Hilfe. ● The major focus of the index was on the relation between climate change and hunger. It also explains the impact of extreme weather on food production and food security. ● The report is based on four GHI indicators namely, undernourishment, child stunting, child wasting, and child mortality. ● India ranked 102 out of 117 countries in the Global Hunger Index 2019 that is placed at much below to its South Asian neighbours such as Nepal, Bangladesh, Pakistan. ● According to the report, India’s child wasting rate was extremely high at 20.8% - the highest for any country.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express World’s Children report 2019 ● The United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) has recently released its ‘State of the World’s Children report’. ● Latest edition (2019) of The State of the World’s Children examines the issue of children, food and nutrition, providing a fresh perspective on a rapidly evolving challenge. ● UNICEF report said that 35% of Indian children suffer from stunting, 17% suffer from wasting, 33% are underweight and 2% are overweight. ● India also has the highest burden of deaths among children under five per year. ● As per this report in India, every second woman is anaemic. National Nutrition Survey ● It's first-ever comprehensive National Nutrition Survey. ● It has been conducted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and UNICEF to measure malnutrition. ● Around 10% of children in the age group of 5 to 9 years and adolescents in the age group 10 to 19 years are pre diabetic. ● 5% are overweight and another 5% suffer from blood pressure. ● One out of every five children in the age group 5 to 9 years were stunted. ● Tamil Nadu and Goa had the highest number of adolescents (aged 10-19) who were either obese or overweight. C40 Summit ● C40 is a group of 94 cities around the world that represents one twelfth of the world's population and one quarter of the global economy. ● Created and led by cities, C40 is focused on tackling climate change and driving urban action that reduces greenhouse gas emissions and climate risks, while increasing the health, wellbeing and economic opportunities of urban citizens. ● Copenhagen is the host of the C40's seventh summit, which will be held from 9th to 12th of October 2019. Dassault Rafale ● The Defence Minister was in France for the official handover of the first Rafale aircraft. ● It's a French twin-engine, canard delta wing, multirole fighter aircraft designed and built by Dassault Aviation. ● The Rafale has been used in combat over Afghanistan, Libya, Mali, Iraq and Syria. Tejas Express ● Tejas Express is India’s first semi-high speed fully air-conditioned train Introduced by Indian Railways. ● It's country's first "private" train run by its subsidiary IRCTC ● It contains all the modern facilities with the state-of-art interior, personalised reading lights, AC coaches, mobile charging points, CCTV cameras, bio-toilets, LED TV, automatic doors and many more.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express Global Competitiveness Index (GCI 4.0) ● Geneva-based World Economic Forum (WEF) has released the 2019 edition of the Global Competitiveness Report. ● Singapore with a score of 84.8 has replaced the United States as the world's most competitive economy. ● India has moved down 10 places to rank 68th (compared to the 58th rank of last year) on an annual global competitiveness index, largely due to improvements witnessed by several other economies. ● India was ranked second in shareholder governance and third in terms of market size and renewable energy regulation. ● However, India was performed poorly in pillars including Information, communication and technology adoption, health, skills , product market, labour market and stability. World Economic Outlook 2019 Report ● The International Monetary Fund (IMF) has released its biennial report "World Economic Outlook". ● According to the report, the global economy is at its slowest pace of growth at 3%. This is a serious climb down from 3.8% in 2017. ● The report downgraded India’s growth projections and estimated that India's GDP growth will touch a mark of 6.1% in 2019 while it will go up to 7% in 2020. ● According to the report, China is projected to grow at 6.1% in 2019 and 5.8% in 2020. Financial Action Task Force (FATF) ● It's a “policy-making body which was formed in 1989 by the G7 Summit, held in Paris. ● The objectives of the FATF are to set standards and promote effective implementation of legal, regulatory and operational measures for combating money laundering, terrorist financing and other related threats to the integrity of the international financial system. ● The FATF has developed a series of Recommendations that are recognised as the international standard for combating of money laundering and the financing of terrorism and proliferation of weapons of mass destruction. ● India became a full member of FATF in 2010. ● FATF has 2 types of lists, one is Black list and other is Grey list. ❏ FATF Watch list or greylist - A country is put on the grey list or watchlist when it fails to curb terrorism financing and money laundering. ❏ Non-Cooperative Countries or Territories” (NCCTs) / The FATF blacklist. - Putting a country on FATF blacklist means shutting all doors to international finance for that country. Trans-Fats ● Trans-fats are the most harmful type of fats. ● Trans-fats are a form of unsaturated fat. They come in both natural and artificial forms. ● They pose a higher risk of heart disease than saturated fats. While saturated fats raise total cholesterol levels, Trans-fats not only raise total cholesterol levels but also reduce the good cholesterol.
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As part of ‘Eat Right India’ led by FSSAI, India targets to reduce industrially produced trans fatty acids on food supply to less than 2% by 2022. About Food Safety and Standards Authority of India (FSSAI)- It's under the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, has been established under Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006.
Countering America’s Adversaries through Sanctions Act (CAATSA) ● CAATSA is a United States federal law that imposed sanctions on North Korea, Iran and Russia. ● It includes sanctions against countries that engage in significant transactions with these countries (North Korea, Iran and Russia) defense and intelligence sectors. S-400 Air Defence Systems ● India signed a defence deal with Russia to purchase S-400 ‘Triumf’ air defence systems. ● S-400 ‘Triumf’ is a long-range air defence missile system and It's one of the most advanced long-range defence systems in the world. ● It is referred to as SA-21 Growler by NATO. ● It is capable of firing three types of missiles. Thus, it creates a layered defence, and simultaneously engaging 36 targets in the range of 400 kms. ● It can easily target aircrafts, cruise and ballistic missiles by supersonic and hypersonic missiles of the system. Lakshmi Narasimha Temple ● It was built by the Hoysalas in the early 13th century. ● It is dedicated to an incarnation of the Hindu god Vishnu. ● It is located in Bhadravati, an industrial town and taluk in the Shimoga District of Karnataka state, India. ● The concrete flooring on the platform, also called jagati, is used by devotees as pradakshina path. ● Pls Note that- Hoysala temples are sometimes called hybrid or vesara as their unique style seems neither completely Dravida nor Nagara, but somewhere in between.
DIN ● ●
The Documentation Identification Number (DIN) system of Central Board of Direct Taxes (CBDT) has come into existence from Oct'19. DIN is the new process of identification number that Income tax department has introduced for the taxpayers.
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FREE BOOKS, NOTES & VIDEOS FOR CIVILSERVICES
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OPTIONAL SUBJECTS BOOKS, STATE PCS, SSC, BANKING TEST SERIES, VIDEOS & NOTES BOOKS, TESTS VIDEOS & NOTES 1.GEOGRAPHY 2.HISTORY
1.UPPSC 4.IBPS
3.MATHEMATICS 4. SOCIOLOGY
ENGINEERING BOOKS & MATERIAL 1. IES 2. GATE 3. IFoS
5.PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION 6. POLITICAL SCIENCE
4. COMPUTER SCIENCE 5. MECHINICAL ENGINEERING
7. ECONOMICS
OTHER TELEGRAM CHANNELS
8 PHYSICS 9 COMMERCE ACCOUNTANCY 10 ANTHROPOLOGY 11 LAW 12 PHILOSOPHY 13 CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTANCY 14 MEDICAL SCIENCE
1 GOVERNMENT JOBS 2 LEARN YOGA & MEDITATION 3 LEARN ENGLISH 4 BEST DELAS & OFFERS 5 IAS HINDI BOOKS 6 PDFs FOR ALL EXAMS 7. WORLD DIGITAL LIBIRARY
1.CHENNAI STUDENTS 2.BANGLORE STUDENTS
2.SSC 3.MPSC 5.RAS & RPSC
3. CURRENT AFFAIRS
CONTACT FOR ADVERTISEMENT IN ABOVE CHANNLES ADMIN1:
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Every communication to be issued by the Income-Tax Department will now have a DIN,This intends to insure proper audit trail of such communication. Communication without Document identification number(DIN) will be considered invalid.
eDantseva ● eDantseva website and mobile application is the first ever national digital platform that provides information on oral health. ● It is an initiative of the Ministry of Health in collaboration with AIIMS. ● It aims to sensitize the public about the significance of maintaining optimum oral health and equips them with the tools and knowledge to do so, including awareness on the nearest oral health service facility. ● It has a unique feature called the Symptom Checker, which provides information on symptoms of oral health related problems, ways to prevent the same, treatment options, and also directs the user to find their nearest available dental facility (public and private sectors). 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry ● The 2019 Nobel Prize in Chemistry has been jointly awarded to John B Goodenough, M Stanley Whittingham and Akira Yoshino for the development of lithium-ion batteries. ● A lithium-ion battery is a type of rechargeable battery. Lithium-ion batteries are commonly used for portable electronics (from mobile phones to laptops), electric vehicles and are growing in popularity for military and aerospace applications. ● Lithium-ion batteries are used in everything and electric vehicles. ● It can also be used to store significant amounts of energy from solar and wind power, making possible a fossil fuel-free society. Nobel Prize for Medicine & Physics ● The Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine has been awarded to three scientists for discovery of how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability. ● The fundamental importance of oxygen has been understood for centuries, but how cells adapt to changes in oxygen levels has long been unknown. ● The discoveries will help to form new strategies to fight anemia, cancer and many other diseases. ● Nobel Prize in physics has been awarded to three scientists for discovery in physical cosmology & exoplanet orbiting a solar-type star. National Security Guard ● It's a counter terrorism unit under the Indian Ministry of Home Affairs. ● It's is a statutory body that came into existence in 1986 by an act of Parliament-National Security Guard Act, 1986. ● The NSG personnel are often referred as Black Cats because of the black outfit. Military Exercise Ekuverin ● Exercise Ekuverin is a joint military exercise between the Indian Army and the Maldives National Defence Force. ● Ekuverin means friends in the Maldivian language. ● It's conducted every year alternatively in India and Maldives.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express Dharma Guardian ● It is a joint military exercise between India and Japan (second edition) that is held annually. ● This training will cover counter-terrorism operations in the jungle and urban scenario. Shakti-2019 ● Exercise Shakti is a series of joint military exercise between Indian and French armies ● This year exercise is going to be organised the Mahajan field firing range in Rajasthan. ● The joint exercise focused on counter-terrorism operations in the backdrop of semi-desert terrain under the United Nations mandate. Exercise Ex-Eastern Bridge-V ● Indian Air Force is participating in a Bilateral Joint exercise with Royal Air Force Oman (RAFO), named EX EASTERN BRIDGE-V. ● The joint exercise will be held at Air Force Base Masirah in Oman. Earlier in 2017, the said exercise was held at Jamnagar, India. Danx-19 ● Recently, the Andaman and Nicobar Command (ANC) has conducted the second edition of Defence of Andaman & Nicobar Islands 2019 (DANX-19). ● Spanning over a period of five days, components of the Indian Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard carried out mobilisation and field manoeuvres to validate defensive plans of Headquarters ANC towards pursuance of the Command’s responsibility, namely ensuring territorial integrity of the A&N Islands. Youth Co: Lab ● Recently, Youth CoLab was launched jointly by the Atal Innovation Mission, NITI Aayog and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP). ● Youth CoLab supports youth-led social innovation and entrepreneurship for the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals while promoting the role of young people in their own social and economic self-actualisation. ● Youth Co:Lab was co-created in 2017 by UNDP and the Citi Foundation and it is operational in 25 countries across the Asia Pacific region. India International Cooperatives Trade Fair (IICTF) ● First Ever India International Cooperatives Trade Fair to be held at PragatiMaidan, New Delhi from 11th till 13th October, 2019. ● It's a unique initiative for taking farmers, artisans & other members of cooperatives directly to the global trade arena. ● The Trade Fair is aimed at promoting cooperative to cooperative trade within India and abroad leading to enhanced rural and farm prosperity. ● Trade Fair is being conducted by the National Cooperative Development Corporation with the support of one international organization- NEDAC, Ministries, State Governments and several apex level Indian cooperative organizations.
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Network for the Development of Agricultural Cooperatives (NEDAC)❏ It was set up in 1991 by the United Nations’ Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO), the International Cooperative Alliance (ICA) and the International Labour Organisation (ILO).
GOAL ● Union Minister of Tribal Affairs announced the second phase of programme GOAL for tribal women. ● "GOAL- Going Online As Leaders", a program aimed at inspiring, guiding and encouraging tribal girls from across India to become village-level digital young leaders for their communities. ● Ministry of Tribal Affairs partners with Niti Aayog and Facebook are running GOAL programme for tribal women. ● The basic objective of this program is to digitally mentor 5000 young women in India's tribal-dominated districts. India’s first e-waste clinic ● India’s first e-waste clinic to be set up in Bhopal. ● The Bhopal Municipal Corporation (BMC) and the Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) have joined hands to set up the country’s first e-waste clinic. ● It would enable segregation, processing and disposal of waste from both household and commercial units. ● Electronic waste will be collected door-to-door or could be deposited directly at the clinic in exchange for a fee. NAM Summit ● Recently, the Vice President of India attended the 18th Summit of Heads of State and Government of the Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) which was held in Baku, Azerbaijan. ● The theme for this NAM Summit is “Upholding the Bandung Principles to ensure concerted and adequate response to the challenges of the contemporary world.'' ● The NAM was formed during the Cold War as an organization of States that did not seek to formally align themselves with either the United States or the Soviet Union, but sought to remain independent or neutral. ● India is one of the founding members of NAM. Cyclone Kyarr ● Supercyclone ‘Kyarr’ in the Arabian Sea has moved westwards and away from India's coast, according to the IMD. ● It has been named by Myanmar. ● Kyarr is the first supercyclone in the Arabian Sea after cyclone Gonu in 2007. Organoids ● Organoids are tiny, self-organized three-dimensional tissue cultures that are derived from stem cells. ● Such cultures can be crafted to replicate much of the complexity of an organ, or to express selected aspects of it like producing only certain types of cells.
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They are derived from one or a few cells from a tissue, embryonic stem cells or induced pluripotent stem cells. Organoids of the brain, kidney, heart, stomach, eyes, liver etc have already been developed in the laboratory.
Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) ● It is a statutory organization that was constituted under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974. ● CPCB was entrusted with the powers and functions under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981. ● CPCB functions are: ❏ To promote cleanliness of streams and wells in different areas of the States by prevention, control and abatement of water pollution ❏ To improve the quality of air and to prevent, control or abate air pollution in the country. Elephant endotheliotropic herpesviruses (EEHV) ● Recently a rare disease has killed five elephants in Odisha. ● The disease is caused by a virus called EEHV, or elephant endotheliotropic herpesvirus. ● There is no true cure for herpesviruses in animals or in humans. ● It's lethal for young elephants between the ages of one and 12. ● In this disease elephants carry just as most humans carry a cold virus. ● When this disease triggered, the elephant dies of massive internal bleeding and symptoms are hardly visible. Kamini Roy ● Kamini Roy was a Bengali poetess, activist and educationist feminist in British India. ● She was the first woman who received an honours graduation degree in British India. ● She published her first collection of verses Alo Chhaya in 1889. ● She was the president of the Bengali Literary Conference in 1930. ● she was one of the leaders of the Bangiya Nari Samaj and active member of the Female Labour Investigation Commission. Pyrotechnical safety switches (PSS) ● Pyrotechnical switches are installed in many road vehicles. ● It is triggered by the ECU, and is used to separate the "starter-generator-cable" from the electrical system (battery). ● In case of accident, the safety switch is triggered by the airbag control device or BMS and disconnects the battery from other circuits in less than a millisecond before a short-circuit can occur. Hindu-Kush-Himalayan (HKH) Region ● The Hindu Kush Himalayan (HKH) region extends 3,500 km over all or part of eight countries from Afghanistan in the west to Myanmar in the east. ● 8 countries- Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, India, Myanmar, Nepal and Pakistan.
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It is the source of ten large Asian river systems - the Amu Darya, Indus, Ganges, Brahmaputra, Irrawaddy, Salween, Mekong, Yangtse, Yellow River (Huanghe) and Tarim (Dayan). It is considered the Third Pole (after South & North Poles). Because it contains vast cryospheric zones (comprising snow, river and lake ice, sea ice, glaciers, ice shelves, ice sheets, frozen ground etc) and It's world’s largest store of snow and ice outside the polar region.
Sukhna Lake ● Sukhna Lake in Chandigarh is a reservoir at the foothills (Shivalik hills) of the Himalayas. ● The Chandigarh administration had issued a draft notification for declaring Sukhna Lake as a wetland under the Wetland (Conservation and Management) Rule, 2017. ● Sukhna Lake was declared a wetland more than 30 years ago as well. ● Declaring Sukhna a wetland will help preserve the lake and conserve its ecological and biodiversity. The Baghdad Pact & Central Treaty Organization (CENTO) ● The Baghdad Pact was a defensive organization for promoting shared political, military and economic goals founded in 1955 by Turkey, Iraq, Great Britain, Pakistan and Iran. ● Similar to the North Atlantic Treaty Organization and the Southeast Asia Treaty Organization, the main purpose of the Baghdad Pact was to prevent communist incursions and foster peace in the Middle East. ● It was renamed the Central Treaty Organization or CENTO in 1959 after Iraq pulled out of the Pact. Central Wakf Council ● It's a statutory body established in 1964 by the Government of India under Wakf Act, 1954. ● It is under the Ministry of Minority Affairs. ● It consists of Chairperson, who is the Union Minister in charge of Waqf and such other members, not exceeding 20 in number, as may be appointed by the Government of India. MOSAiC ● The MOSAiC stands for Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate. ● The prime objective of this MOSAiC mission is to study the impact of climate change on the Arctic region and its global impact. ● MOSAiC will provide a more robust scientific basis for policy decisions on climate change mitigation and adaptation and for setting up a framework for managing Arctic development sustainably. ● The Arctic is the key area of global climate change, with warming rates exceeding twice the global average and warming during winter even larger. ● It is the largest ever Arctic expedition in history.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express Parichay-A Legal Aid Clinic ● Five national law universities of India have come together to set up a legal aid clinic to provide assistance to persons excluded from the National Register of Citizens (NRC) in Assam. ● The legal aid clinic "Parichay has been set up as a collaboration between Assam's National Law University and Judicial Academy, West Bengal National University of Juridical Science Kolkata, Hyderabad's NALSAR University of Law, Delhi's National Law University, and Odisha's National Law University, in order to assist lawyers in drafting appeals on behalf of litigants. ● The headquarters of Parichay is in Guwahati, Assam. Saturn overtakes Jupiter ● The International Astronomical Union’s Minor Planet Center confirmed 20 new moons orbiting Saturn, making it the planet with the most moons in our Solar System, at 82. ● Jupiter is now on 2nd position because there are 79 known moons of Jupiter. However Ganymede a moon/satellite of Jupiter is still the largest and most massive of the Solar System's moons. GEMINI ● For seamless and effective dissemination of emergency information on disaster warnings the Government launched a new system which is termed as GEMINI or GAGAN Enabled Mariner’s Instrument for Navigation and Information. ● The Indian National Centre for Ocean Information Services (INCOIS) and Airport Authority of India (AAI) has launched this satellite-based GEMINI system that will alert deep-sea fishermen of upcoming disasters. ● This new system which consists of a specially designed device and a mobile application will expand the scope of sending out alerts and other messages to fishermen. DHRUV ● Recently, the Ministry of Human Resource Development has launched the Pradhan Mantri Innovative Learning Programme named DHRUV. ● The DHRUV Programme has been started to identify and encourage talented children to enrich their skills and knowledge. ● It will cover two areas (Science & Performing Arts) ● 60 outstandingly talented students were selected (30 from Science & 30 from Performing Arts) in the first batch of DHRUV programme.Every student selected under the said programme will be called as Dhruv Tara. ● The programme is named DHRUV after the Pole Star with the same name. SUMAN ● Union Minister for Health and Family Welfare launched launches Surakshit Matritva Aashwasan (SUMAN) initiative for quality health care at no cost. ● The initiative was launched during the 13th Conference of Central Council of Health and Family Welfare.
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The initiative aims to provide dignified, respectful and quality health care at no cost and zero tolerance for denial of services for every woman and newborn visiting the public health facility in order to end all preventable maternal and newborn deaths. It will bring down maternal and infant mortality rates in the country, It also provides a positive birth experience to both mother and infant. Under Suman, pregnant women, mothers up to 6 months after delivery, and all sick newborns will be able to avail free healthcare benefits.
Operation Peace Spring ● It is an unilateral military operation launched by Turkey against the Syrian Kurdish militia (YPG) in Northeast Syria. ● India issued a strong statement expressing deep concern over Turkey’s military action in Northeast Syria and called it unilateral and offensive. World Vision Report ● The first-ever World Vision Report was recently released by WHO. ● As per this report, more than a quarter of the world’s population (Around 2.2 billion people) suffer from vision impairment. ● There was praise for India in the report for its National Programme for Control of Blindness (NPCB). ● According to the report in 2016-17, the NPCB provided cataract surgery to a total 6.5 million people in India, achieving a cataract surgical rate of over 6,000 per million population. National Programme for Control of Blindness and Visual Impairment ● It was launched in 1976 as a 100% centrally sponsored scheme (now 60:40 in all states and 90:10 in NE States) by the Ministry of Health & Family Welfare. ● The goal of this programme was to reduce the prevalence of blindness to 0.3% by 2020. ● Main Causes of blindness❏ Cataract (62.6%) ❏ Refractive Error (19.70%) ❏ Glaucoma (5.80%) ❏ Posterior Segment Disorder (4.70%) Presbyopia, Myopia & Glaucoma ● Presbyopia is the gradual loss of eyes' ability to focus on nearby objects. It's a natural, often annoying part of aging. Presbyopia usually becomes noticeable in early to mid-40s and continues to worsen until around age 65. ● Myopia is a medical term used to describe shortsightedness, also referred to as nearsightedness. People with Myopia find that objects or people at a distance look a bit blurry. ● Glaucoma is a disease of the eye in which fluid pressure within the eye rises that damage the optic nerve.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express 51 Pegasi b ● It is an exoplanet which is a gaseous ball that is comparable with Jupiter. ● This planet is about half the size of Jupiter and orbits its star in about 4 days. ● An exoplanet is a planet that orbits a star other than the Sun (outside our solar system). ● Pls Note- Kepler space telescope is a retired space telescope launched by NASA has discovered more than thousand exoplanets. Mamallapuram ● Recently, the PM of India and the President of the People's Republic of China held their Second Informal Summit in Mamallapuram, India. ● India has chosen Mamallapuram/Mahabalipuram as a symbol of India’s ‘soft power’. ● Mamallapuram is also called as Mahabalipuram or Seven Pagodas. ● It's a town in Chengalpattu district in the southeastern Indian state of Tamil Nadu. ● Mamallapuram was one of two major port cities by the 7th century within the Pallava kingdom. ● The famous World Heritage Site- Shore granite made temple is located in Mahabalipuram ● Ancient Chinese, Persian, and Roman coins found at Mamallapuram point to its earlier existence as a seaport. ● The town was named after Pallava king Narasimhavarman I, who was also known as Mahamalla. LOTUS-HR ● The Local Treatment of Urban Sewage Streams for Healthy Reuse (LOTUSHR) project is a joint initiative of Indian (funded by the Department of Biotechnology-GOI) and Dutch scientists. ● The project produces clean water which is reused for various purposes, while simultaneously recovering nutrients and energy from the urban waste water, thus converting into profitable mines. ● Special attention will be paid to pathogen removal and removing conventional and emerging pollutants. ● A pathogen is defined as an organism causing disease or illness to its host. MAXI J1820+070 ● Indian, British astronomers discover new details of black hole 10,000 light years away. ● The black hole system is ‘MAXI J1820+070’ and was first discovered in 2018. ● Its mass is the equivalent of seven Suns compressed into a region smaller than the city of London. Clean Air Cities Declaration ● An event that occurs once every three years and is designed to implement “Ambitious pollution reduction target & substantive clean air policies by 2025. ● This declaration was signed at the C40 World Mayors Summit in Copenhagen. ● Totally 35 cities signed this declaration in which Delhi is also a part. ● C40 is a group of 94 cities around the world that represents one twelfth of the world's population and one quarter of the global economy.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express mHariyali App ● The app will encourage Public engagement in planting trees and other such Green drives. ● People can upload photos of any plantation done by them using this app and it will be displayed on the website. ● The App having geo-tagging feature. SARAS Aajeevika Mela ● It's an initiative by the Deendayal Antyodaya Yojana-National Rural Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NRLM) under the Ministry of Rural Development. ● The Mela aims to bring the rural women Self Help Groups (SHGs) under one platform in order to showcase their skills and sell their products and help them build linkages with bulk buyers. ● The Mela is organised by the marketing arm of the Ministry, Council for Advancement of People’s Action and Rural Technology (CAPART). Chitrakathi ● The term Chitrakathi is the conjunction of two words: chitra meaning picture and katha meaning story. ● It is practised in Pinguli, a small village near Kudal, in Maharashtra, dating back to the 17th century. ● Chitrakathi is a style of painting using paper, brush and hand-made colours and in the sequence, based on the story of Mahabharata or Ramayana. Inclusive Development Index (IDI) ● It's an annual assessment of 103 countries’ economic performance that measures how countries perform on eleven dimensions of economic progress in addition to GDP. ● It has 3 pillars❏ Growth and development ❏ Inclusion ❏ Intergenerational equity ● IDI is released by the World Economic Forum. Kayakalp Award ● AIIMS Delhi wins Kayakalp award for showing dedication towards Swachh Bharat Abhiyan. ● This Award was instituted as part of the Swachh Bharat Abhiyan in 2015. ● Kayakalp initiative encourage every public health facility in the country to work towards standards of excellence to help the facilities stay clean and hygienic. Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) Programme ● ITEC programme was launched by the Ministry of External Affairs in September 1964 which is a bilateral assistance programme. ● It's a demand-driven, response-oriented programme that focuses on addressing the needs of developing countries through innovative technological cooperation between India and the partnering nation.
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Programme SCAAP (Special Commonwealth African Assistance Programme) is a corollary programme of the ITEC. Under the ITEC and its sister programmes, the SCAAP (Special Commonwealth Assistance for Africa Programme), and the Technical Cooperation Scheme of Colombo Plan, more than 160 countries are invited to share India’s developmental experience acquired over six decades of her existence as a free nation.
Swas, Star and Safal ● National Environmental and Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), a Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) lab has developed less polluting green firecrackers named SWAS,SAFAL,STAR. ❏ SWAS stands for safe water releaser ❏ SAFAL stands for safe minimal aluminum ❏ STAR stands for safe thermite cracker ● The said firecrackers have a unique property of releasing water vapour. ● Green crackers are so named because they do not contain dangerous chemicals that would cause air pollution. Gangetic Dolphin ● The annual Ganges river Dolphin census is conducted by the World Wide Fund in collaboration with Uttar Pradesh Forest Department. ● This year tandem boat survey method is being used because this method is more accurate where in the officials use two boats that move in tandem to count the dolphins. ● Gangetic Dolphin is India's national aquatic animal. ● It’s popularly known as ‘Susu’. ● Its presence indicates the health of the riverine ecosystem. ● These dolphins can live only in freshwater. ● It is listed on CITES Appendix-I. ● IUCN Status- Endangered. 29th Ministerial meeting of BASIC ● The 29th BASIC (Brazil, South Africa, India and China) Ministerial Meeting on Climate Change was held in Beijing, China. ● BASIC Ministers expressed their concern for the global challenge of climate change and its adverse effects. ● Ministers emphasized the faithful and comprehensive implementation of the Paris Agreement, in particular of its goals and principles. ● Ministers also urged developed countries to fulfill their climate finance commitments of providing USD 100 billion annually by 2020 for developing countries in a transparent and grant-based manner. 6X6X6 strategy ● 6X6X6 is basically Anemia Mukt Bharat strategy. ● 6X6X6 stands for six target beneficiary groups, six interventions and six institutional mechanisms.
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The programme has been highlighted for using anaemia testing and treatment as the entry point to provide information on healthy diets. Anemia is a condition in which the number of red blood cells is insufficient to meet the body’s physiological requirements.
India Innovation Index 2019 ● NITI Aayog with Institute for Competitiveness has released the India Innovation Index (III) 2019. ● The index, developed on the lines of the Global Innovation Index. ● The aim of III is to create a holistic tool which can be used by policymakers across the country to identify the challenges to be addressed and strengths to build on when designing the economic growth policies for their regions. ● Karnataka is the most innovative major state in India. ● The India Innovation Index 2019 is calculated as the average of the scores of its two dimensions - Enablers and Performance. ● The Enablers are the factors that underpin innovative capacities, grouped in five pillars: (1) Human Capital, (2) Investment, (3) Knowledge Workers, (4) Business Environment, and (5) Safety and Legal Environment. ● The Performance dimension captures benefits that a nation derives from the inputs, divided in two pillars: (6) Knowledge Output and (7) Knowledge Diffusion.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express Keeling Curve ● The Keeling Curve is a graph of the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the Earth's atmosphere. ● It is based on continuous measurements taken at the Mauna Loa Observatory on the island of Hawaii from 1958 to the present day.
Livestock Census ● Department of Animal Husbandry & Dairying, Ministry of Fisheries, Animal Husbandry and Dairying has released the 20th Livestock Census report recently. ● Key highlights❏ Increase of 4.6% in total Livestock population over last Census-2012. West Bengal observed the highest increase of 23%. ❏ Increase of 1% in total Bovine population (Cattle, Buffalo, Mithun and Yak) over the previous census. ❏ A decline of 6% in the total indigenous cattle population has been observed while population of the total exotic/crossbred cattle has increased by 27%. ❏ The livestock census is conducted across the country periodically since 1919 (Once every 5 years).
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Prelims Shatabdi Express Crime in India ● The National Crime Records Bureau (NCRB) has recently released its report ‘Crime in India’ for the year 2017. ● First time NCRB has collected data on circulation of false/fake news. Maximum incidents were reported from Madhya Pradesh. ● A new category of offences committed by various categories of “Anti-National Elements” was included. ● The data collected under the new sub-heads of death due to mob lynching, murder by influential people have not been published. ● In 2017, there was an increase of 3.6% in registration of crime cases over 2016. ● Delhi witnessed the highest crime rate in the country with 1,050 Indian Penal Code (IPC) crime incidents per lakh of the city’s population. ● Uttar Pradesh, Maharashtra and West Bengal are most unsafe for women. ● National Crime Record Bureau ❏ NCRB was set-up in 1986 under the Ministry of Home Affairs to function as a repository of information on crime and criminals so as to assist the investigators in linking crime to the perpetrators, based on the recommendations of the National Police Commission (1977-1981) and the MHA’s Task force (1985). Marawah Island ● Marawah is a low-lying island off the coast of the Western Region of the Emirate of Abu Dhabi, the United Arab Emirates. ● The World’s oldest known natural pearl was discovered at a Neolithic site on Marawah Island.
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Prelims Shatabdi Express Van Allen Probes mission ● The Van Allen Probes, formerly known as the Radiation Belt Storm Probes, were two robotic spacecraft that were used to study the Van Allen radiation belts that surround Earth. ● NASA recently decommissioned its 7 year old Van Allen Probes mission. ● Understanding space weather is important as it interferes with our on-ground power grids, navigation communications satellites in orbit and health of astronauts. ● Van Allen radiation belts are huge swaths of magnetically trapped, highly energetic charged particles that surround earth. Van Dhan Scheme ● The Van Dhan Scheme is an initiative of the Ministry of Tribal Affairs and TRIFED. ● It aims at economic development of tribals involved in collection of Minor Forest Produces (MFP) by helping them in optimum utilization of natural resources and provide them sustainable livelihood. ● It will provide skill upgradation and capacity building training and setting up of primary processing and value addition facility. ● MFP is a major source of livelihood for tribals living in forest areas. The importance of MFPs for this section of the society can be gauged from the fact that around 100 million forest dwellers depend on MFPs for food, shelter, medicines and cash income.
Source: The Hindu, Wikipedia, PIB, News On AIR & Indian Express.
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