Gateway to Arabic Book Seven
Answer Booklet
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Gateway to Arabic Book Seven Answer Booklet
Exercise 1 (page 3)
.tO≠ p Ó ¥Ó√Ú¸Ó wMD´Ú√ÓËÓ » Ó U∑ÓJ ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó √ÚdÓÆÚ« p Ó KC Ú ≠Ó sÚ±
-1
?dÓB Ú ± w≠ ULÎz«œÓ p ¢«“ÓU§Ó≈ sÓOC IÚ¢Ó «–ÓULÓ∞
-2
.tÔK]∞« ¡ÓU®Ó ÊÚ≈ w æ ±ößÚ≈ bÌKÓ°Ó v≠ WÓ±ÓœUIÓ∞Ú« WÓO]HOÚB ] ∞« WÓKÓDÚFÔ∞Ú« w Ó C ÆÚ√Ó ÊÚ√Ó bÔ¥¸√Ô
-3
.WÓ¥Ó¸ußÔ v∞Ó≈ dHÓº ] ∞« qÓ∂ÚÆÓ Í Ω u±Ó_Ô« Í Ω ¸ULÓFÚL∞Ú« sΩHÓ∞Ú« s´Ó √ÓdÓIÚ≤Ó ÊÚ√Ó U°ÓU°Ó UMÓOÚKÓ´Ó Õ Ó dÓ∑ÓÆÚ«
-4
.«dÎî]RÓ±Ô Í Ω u±Ó_Ô« Í Ω ¸ULÓFÚL∞Ú« sΩHÓ∞Ú« s´Ó «“ÎU∑ÓLÚ±Ô U°ÎU∑ÓØ U≤Ó√ÚdÓÆÓ
-5
?ÂÓUFÓ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó oÓA Ú ±Óœ …¸ÓU¥Ó“ …dÓJ Ú ≠ vKÓ´Ó U°ÓU°ÓËÓ U±ÓU±Ó ÷ Ó dÓ∑Ó´Ú« «–ÓULÓ∞
-6
.p Ó ∞–Ó vKÓ´Ó ÷ Ó dÓ∑Ó´Ú« bÚÆÓ U°ÓU°Ó Ê]_Ó dÓB Ú ± …¸ÓU¥Ó“ w≠ p Ó ∑∂Ó¨Ú¸Ó vKÓ´Ó U±U±Ó oÚ≠«uÓ¢Ô rÚ∞Ó
-7
?ÂœUIÓ∞Ú« ÂUFÓKÚ∞ WO]HOÚB ] ∞« …“ÓU§Óù« bÓB IÚ±Ó «Ë¸ÔdΩIÓ¢Ô ÊÚ√Ó qÓ∂ÚÆÓ U±U±Ó «u∞ÔQÓßÚ«
-8
.w±Ω√Ô WÓ∂Ó¨Ú¸Ó · Ó d´Ú√Ó ÊÚ√Ó qÓ∂ÚÆÓ Í Ó √Úd]∞« «cÓ≥Ó bÓ¥ΩƒÓ√Ô ÊÚ√Ó bÔ¥¸√Ô ô
-9
.ÂœUIÓ∞Ú« ÂUFÓÚ∞« w≠ dÓB Ú ± ¸ÓËeÔ≤Ó ÊÚ√Ó vKÓ´Ó sÓIÚ≠«uÓ¢Ô ÊÚ√Ó WÓDÓ¥d®Ó ÂÓUFÓ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó WÓ¥Ó¸ußÔ …¸ÓU¥Ó“ w≠ s]J Ô ∑∂Ó¨Ú¸Ó vKÓ´Ó oÔ≠«ËÓ√Ô
- 10
Exercise 2 (pages 5-6) In the aeroplane just before landing Ladies and gentlemen, this is your captain speaking. The aeroplane will be landing on the runway of Damascus International Airport within ten minutes, God Almighty willing. Please return to your seats and fasten your seatbelts in preparation for landing. Whoever wishes to set their watch to the local time, it is now four thirty in the afternoon. The temperature is thirty-five degrees centigrade. Please would everybody remain in their seats until the plane comes to a complete standstill. Please ensure that you take all your belongings with you when you leave [the plane]. I would like to call your attention to the fact that life imprisonment is the penalty for those trafficking in drugs or peddling them in Syria. I hope you have enjoyed the journey with us on Syrian Airlines. If you have any queries or require any help, our airport staff would be at your service. Hoping that we will see you again in the near future, God willing. Until that time, may I wish you an enjoyable time and a pleasant stay in Syria. Until we meet again. ' 2007 Anglo-Arabic Graphics Ltd Costumers may download one copy of this PDF file of the Answer Booklet for personal usage ONLY.
Exercise 3 (page 9) Form V verb
Person
Form I verb (root)
Tense/ Mood
lÚÆ]uÓ¢Ó√Ó
1st s.
jussive
rÚK]J Ó ¢Ó
2nd m.s.
imperat.
sÓOÚM]LÓ∑Ó¢Ó
2nd f.s.
vM]LÓ¢Ó√Ó
1st f.s.
ÊÓËRÔ{ ] uÓ∑Ó¥Ó ÊÓQÚ{ ] uÓ∑Ó¥Ó
Form V verb
Person
Tense/ Mood
Form I verb (root)
À Ó bÓ•Ó
1
lÓÆÓËÓ
7
s]∑Ô£Úb]∫ Ó ¢Ó
2nd f.pl.
past
rÓKÓØÓ
8
qÔL]∫ Ó ∑Ó¥Ó
3rd. m.s.
present
qÓLÓ•Ó
2
present
)vM±( UMÓ±Ó
9
n Ó I]∏Ó∑Ó≤Ó
1st pl.
subjunc.
n Ó IÓ£Ó
3
present
)vM±( UMÓ±Ó 10
ÊUFÓÆ]uÓ∑Ó¢Ó
lÓÆÓËÓ
4
3rd. m.pl. present
RÓ{ Ô ËÓ 11
» Ô d]NÓ∑Ó¥Ó
3rd. f.pl.
RÓ{ Ô ËÓ 12
«u∂ÔM]π Ó ∑Ó¢Ó
present
2nd m.dual present
3rd f.s.
present
» Ó dÓ≥Ó
5
2nd m.pl.
subjunc.
V Ó MÓ§Ó
6
Exercise 4 (page 10)
?ÍdNÚ™Ó ¡«¸ÓËÓ sÚ± tÔMÚ´Ó s]∑Ô£Úb]∫ Ó ¢Ó Íc∞]« U±Ó
-1
?WKÓHÚ∫ Ó ∞Ú« vKÓ´Ó · «dÓ®Úù« WÓO]∞ËRÔº Ú ±Ó qÔL]∫ Ó ∑ÓOÓßÓ sÚ±Ó
-2
.` ±ÔUº Ó ∑]∞«ËÓ ¸«uÓ∫ ∞Ú« W≠ÓUIÓ∏Ó° n Ó I]∏Ó∑Ó≤Ó ÊÚ√Ó UFÎOL§Ó UMÓOÚKÓ´Ó V Ô π ¥Ó
-3
?r∞ÓUFÓ∞Ú« ” QÚJ Ó ∞ WO]zUNÓMΩ∞« ÂbÓIÓ∞Ú« …dÓØÔ …«¸ÓU∂Ó±Ô WÔπ Ó O∑≤Ó ÊÓuJ Ô ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó ÊUFÓÆ]uÓ∑Ó¢Ó «–ÓU±Ó
-4
?ŸÓu{ Ô uÚLÓ∞Ú« ‹ Ô dÚØÓ–Ó ULÓK]ØÔ dÔ¢]uÓ∑Ó¢ÓËÓ Ã «ËÓe]∞« WO]C ÆÓ sÚ± p Ó ∑ÔîÚ√Ô » Ô d]NÓ∑Ó¢Ó «–ÓULÓ∞
-5
.¡uº ^ ∞« qÓ≥Ú√ÓËÓ ¡uº ^ ∞« lÓ{ «uÓ±Ó «u∂ÔM]π Ó ∑Ó¢Ó ÊÚQÓ° rÚJ Ô ∫ Ô B Ó ≤Ú√Ó ,œÔôËÚ√Ó U¥Ó
-6
.dÔØ«cÓ¥Ô ô tÔ≤]_Ó WO]zUNÓMΩ∞« ‹ U≤ÓU∫ Ó ∑±Úô« w≠ wI¥bÅ Ó ` Ó π Ó MÚ¥Ó ÊÚ√Ó lÚÆ]uÓ¢Ó√Ó rÚ∞Ó WIÓOI∫ Ó ∞Ú« w≠
-7
!‰ÔuIÔ¢Ó U±Ó rÓNÓHÚ≤Ó v∑]•Ó ` Ì { «ËÓ ‹ Ì uB Ó ° rÚK]J Ó ¢Ó
-8
?ÊU°ÓUOÓ∞Ú« sÓ± „u°Ô√Ó p OÚ∞Ó≈ UNÓKÓL∫ Ú ¥Ó ÊÚ√Ó sÓOÚM]LÓ∑Ó¢Ó w∑∞]« WÔ¥]bNÓ∞Ú« U±Ó
-9
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.‰ÌuLÔ∫ Ú ±Ó » Ì ußÔU•Ó vKÓ´Ó qÓB Ô •Ú√Ó ÊÚ√Ó vM]LÓ¢Ó√Ó
-10
.«uK^B Ó ¥Ô ÊÚ√Ó qÓ∂ÚÆÓ ÊÓËRÔ{ ] uÓ∑Ó¥Ó ÊÓuLÔKº Ú LÔ∞Ú«
-11
.sÓOKΩB Ó ¥Ô ÊÚ√Ó qÓ∂ÚÆÓ ÊÓQÚ{ ] uÓ∑Ó¥Ó ‹ Ô ULÓKº Ú LÔ∞Ú«
-12
Exercise 4 - translation (page 10) 1. What did you (f.pl.) talk about behind my back? 2. Who will take (m.s.) responsibility for supervising the party? 3. It is imperative for all of us to train/educate ourselves in the culture of dialogue and tolerance. 4. What do you (m.dual) expect the result of the final football match of the world cup to be? 5. Why is your (m.s.) sister trying to avoid the issue of marriage and she becomes tense/strained whenever I mention the subject? 6. O boys! I advise you to avoid bad places and bad people. 7. Really, I did not expect my friend to pass the final exam because he does not study. 8. Speak (m.s.) in a clear voice so that we can understand what you are saying! 9. What is the gift that you are wishing that your father will bring you (f.s.) from Japan 10. I am wishing/hoping that I will receive a laptop computer. 11. Muslim men perform ablution before they (m.pl.) pray. 12. Muslim women perform ablution before they (f.pl.) pray.
Exercise 5 (page 11) Form V they (m. pl.) have compassion for (present tense)
they (f.pl.) had compassion for (past tense)
you (m.dual) had compassion for (past tense)
he had compassion for (past tense)
ÊÓu≠Ô√]dÓ∑Ó¥Ó
sÓ≠Ú√]dÓ¢Ó
ULÓ∑Ô≠Ú√]dÓ¢Ó
Ó √]dÓ¢Ó ·
I will not take charge (subjunctive)
Take charge! (f.s.) imperative
you (m.dual) will not take charge (subjunctive)
we did not take charge (jussive)
v∞]uÓ¢Ó√Ó
Ú ∞]uÓ¢Ó w
UOÓ∞]uÓ∑Ó¢Ó
1st form verb 3rd person m.s. (past & present)
)· Ô √ÓdÚ¥Ó( · Ó √Ó¸Ó
‰]uÓ∑Ó≤Ó
Meaning of Form V: to have compassion for 1st form verb 3rd person m.s. (past & present)
)wK¥Ó( w Ó ∞ËÓ Meaning of Form V: to take charge of
Exercise 6 (page 12) Tense or mood
Person
Form
past, regular
3rd person f. sing.
IV
present, weak 3rd root letter
3rd person m. sing.
V
past, weak 3rd root letter & waaw as 1st root
3rd person f. sing.
V
past, regular
3rd person f. sing.
II
past, doubled root letter
3rd person m. sing.
V
subjunctive, waaw 2nd root letter
3rd person m. sing.
V
past, regular, hamzated 3rd root letter
3rd person m. sing.
I
present, waaw as a 2nd root letter
3rd person m. sing.
V
subjunctive, regular
3rd person f. sing.
V
subjunctive, doubled root letter
3rd person f. sing.
II
past, yaa 2nd root letter
3rd person m. sing.
V
past, doubled root letter
3rd person f. sing.
V
present, doubled root letter
3rd person m. sing.
V
past, regular
3rd person m. sing.
V
past, regular
3rd person f. sing.
III
present, regular
3rd person m. sing.
IV
past, regular
3rd person f. sing.
II
past, regular
3rd person m. sing.
V
present, regular
3rd person m. sing.
I
present, regular
3rd person m. sing.
I
past, regular
3rd person m. sing.
I
subjunctive, doubled root letter, weak 1st root
3rd person m. sing.
V
subjunctive, regular
3rd person m. sing.
V
Verb
X Ú ØÓ¸ÓœÚ√Ó v≤]QÓ∑Ó¥Ó Ú ∞]uÓ¢Ó X X Ú ±Ób]ÆÓ ¸Ód]IÓ¢Ó Ã Ó Ë]eÓ∑Ó¥Ó √ÓbÓ°Ó · Ô u]ª Ó ∑Ó¥Ó qÓî]bÓ∑Ó¢Ó V Ó ∂Ωº Ó ¢Ô qÓO]ª Ó ¢Ó ÚXIÓI]∫ Ó ¢Ó p Ô J ] A Ó ∑Ó¥Ó Ó d]º » Ó ¢Ó X Ú EÓ•Óô oÔKIÚ¥Ô X Ú NÓ∂]≤Ó Ó b]∫ À Ó ¢Ó dÔFÔA Ú ¥Ó qÔB Ô ∫ Ú ¥Ó Ó B ` Ó ≤Ó œÓœ]uÓ∑Ó¥Ó » Ó d]IÓ∑Ó¥Ó
Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23
Exercise 6 (page 12) Tense or mood
Person
Form
Verb
Number
V Ó º J Ú ¥Ó · Ó U{ Ó √Ó qÔFÓπ Ú ¥Ó ’ Ô d∫ Ú ¢Ó ÂÔbIÚ¢Ô V Ó ∂Ωº Ó ¥Ô Ó I∞Ó w QÓO]NÓ¢Ó ‹ Ú d]±Ó
24
subjunctive, regular
3rd person m. sing.
I
past, hollow
3rd person m. sing.
IV
future, regular
3rd person m. sing.
I
present, regular
3rd person f. sing.
I
present, regular
3rd person f. sing.
IV
subjunctive, doubled root letter
3rd person m. sing.
II
past, 3rd weak root letter
3rd person m. sing.
I
past, hamzated 3rd root letter
3rd person m. sing.
V
past doubled root letter.
3rd person f. sing.
I
25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
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Exercise 7 (page 17) Form VI imperative (you m. sing.)
Form VI present 3rd person m. sing.
Form VI past 3rd person m. sing.
Form VI meaning (3rd person m.s. past)
he shook hands
1st. form past tense (3rd person m. sing.)
he forgave, pardoned
Ú ≠ÓUB ` Ó ¢Ó
` Ô ≠ÓUB Ó ∑Ó¥Ó
Ó ≠ÓUB ` Ó ¢Ó
V Ú ©ÓUª Ó ¢Ó
V Ô ©ÓUª Ó ∑Ó¥Ó
V Ó ©ÓUª Ó ¢Ó
n Ú ∞ÓU∫ Ó ¢Ó
n Ô ∞ÓU∫ Ó ∑Ó¥Ó
n Ó ∞ÓU∫ Ó ¢Ó
he formed an alliance with s.o., allied himself to s.o.
he swore (e.g. an oath)
n Ó KÓ•Ó
· Ú ¸ÓUFÓ¢Ó
· Ô ¸ÓUFÓ∑Ó¥Ó
· Ó ¸ÓUFÓ¢Ó
[they] became acquainted, got to know one another
he knew (s.o. or s.th.)
· Ó dÓ´Ó
` Ó HÓÅ Ó
he carried on a he preached; conversation with s.o. made a speech
Ó DÓîÓ V
Exercise 8 (page 20) Form VI They (m.pl.) take it in turns (present tense)
They (f.pl.) took it in turns (past tense)
You (m.dual) took it in turns (past tense)
he took it in turns (past tense)
ULÓ∑Ô°ÚËÓUMÓ¢Ó
» Ó ËÓUMÓ¢Ó
You (m.dual) will not borrow (subjunctive)
we did not borrow (jussive)
1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)» Ô uMÔ¥Ó( » Ó U≤Ó ÊÓu°ÔËÓUMÓ∑Ó¥Ó I will not borrow (subjunctive)
sÓ°ÚËÓUMÓ¢Ó Borrow! (f.s.) imperative
Meaning of form VI: [they] took it in turns 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)sÔ¥b¥Ó( ÊÓ«œÓ v≤Ó«bÓ¢Ó√Ó I will not compete (subjunctive)
v≥ÓU∂Ó¢Ó√Ó they (f.pl.) did not plot (jussive)
UOÓ≤Ó«bÓ∑Ó¢Ó
ÊÓ«bÓ∑Ó≤Ó
Meaning of form VI: [they] borrowed money from each other
You (m.dual) will not compete (subjunctive)
we did not compete (jussive)
1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
w Ú ≤Ó«bÓ¢Ó Compete! (f.s.) imperative
w Ú ≥ÓU∂Ó¢Ó you (f.s.) are plotting (present tense)
UOÓ≥ÓU∂Ó∑Ó¢Ó they (m.pl.) are plotting (present tense)
)uNÔ∂Ú¥Ó( UNÓ°Ó ÁÓU∂Ó∑Ó≤Ó you (f.pl.) plotted (past tense)
Meaning of form VI: [they] competed with one another 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)dÔ±ÔQÚ¥Ó( dÓ±Ó√Ó ÊÓdÚ±ÓP∑Ó¥Ó
sÓ¥d±ÓP∑Ó¢Ó
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ÊÓËdÔ±ÓP∑Ó¥Ó
s]¢ÔdÚ±ÓP¢Ó
Meaning of form VI: he plotted, conspired
Exercise 9 (page 21) Form VI verb
U∑Ó≠ÓUFÓ¢Ó
Person
Form I verb (root)
Tense/ Mood
3rd f.dual present
Form VI verb
Person
Tense/ Mood
)uH´( UHÓ´Ó
7
V Ô ßÓUMÓ∑Ó¥Ó
3rd m.s.
present
)gO´( ‘ Ó U´Ó
8
«ËdÔîÓUHÓ∑Ó¥Ó
3rd m.pl.
subjunc.
3rd m.s.
Form I verb (root)
V Ó º Ó ≤Ó
1
dÓª Ó ≠Ó
2
present
÷ Ó dÓ´Ó
3
3rd m.s.
past
1st pl.
present
)¸Ë“( ¸Ó«“Ó
9
÷ Ô ¸ÓUFÓ∑Ó¥Ó
2nd f.s.
subjunc.
)‰u≤( ‰ÓU≤Ó 10
∫ X Ú ∞ÓUB Ó ¢Ó
2nd f.s.
past
` Ó KÓÅ Ó
4
«u≤ÔËÓUFÓ¢Ó
2nd m.pl. imperat.
first 11 )Êu´( form
ÊU{ Ó ¸ÓULÓ∑Ó¥Ó
3rd dual
present
÷ Ó d±Ó
5
U∫ Ó ≠ÓUB Ó ¢Ó
2nd dual imperat.
` Ó HÓÅ Ó 12
ÊÓËdÔ±ÓP∑Ó¥Ó
3rd m.pl.
past
dÓ±Ó√Ó
6
g Ó ¥ÓUFÓ¢Ó ¸ÓËÓ«eÓ∑Ó≤Ó w∞ËÓUMÓ∑Ó¢Ó
no
*
* Use same verb twice in sentence no. 11.
Exercise 10 (page 21-22)
.W¥]œU±Ód]∞« …eÓMÚJ Ó ∞Ú« p Ó KÚ¢Ó lÓ±Ó V Ô ßÓUMÓ∑Ó¥Ó h Ô OLIÓ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó 1 ‹ öC Ó FÓ∞Ú« d∂ÓJ ° sÓ|dîÓüÚ « ÂÓU±Ó√Ó «ËdÔîÓUHÓ∑Ó¥Ó ÊÚ√Ó ÊÓu∂^∫ ¥Ô ” UM]∞« i Ô FÚ°Ó 2 ?¸u∑ÔßÚb^∞« lÓ±Ó ÷ Ô ¸ÓUFÓ∑Ó¥Ó rOKFÚ∑]∞« d¥“ËÓ W∞ÓUÆÓ≈ ¸Ó«dÓÆÓ Ê]√Ó w≠ Í Ó √Úd]∞« wMIÔ≠«u¢Ô qÚ≥Ó 3 ?r¥ÓdÚ±ÓËÓ X ≤Ú√Ó X ∫ Ú ∞ÓUB Ó ¢Ó v∑Ó±Ó ,W¥ÓœU≤ U¥Ó 4 .ÂÓuÚOÓ∞Ú« WßÓ¸ÓbÚLÓ∞Ú« s´Ó UHÓK]ª Ó ∑Ó¥Ó w Ú J Ó ∞ ÊU{ Ó ¸ÓULÓ∑Ó¥Ó w∑îÚ√ÔËÓ wî√Ó 5 .…bÓ∫ ∑]LÔ∞Ú« r±Óú Ô Ú ∞ ÂUFÓ∞Ú« sO±_ÓÚ « W∞ÓUÆÓù ÊÓËdÔ±ÓP∑Ó¥Ó s±Ú_ÓÚ « f Kπ Ú ±Ó ¡UC Ó ´Ú√Ó i Ô FÚ°Ó 6
Exercise 10 - Continued (page 21-22)
.tK]∞ bÔLÚ∫ Ó ∞Ú«ËÓ ÊÓüÚ « U∑Ó≠ÓUFÓ¢Ó bÚÆÓ w{ ULÓ∞Ú« dNÚA ] ∞« w≠ …̸ÓUO]ßÓ W£ÓœU∫ Ó ∞ U∑Ó{ Ó d]FÓ¢Ó ÊU∑ÓK]∞« ÊU∑ÓKÓO±e]∞«
7
.ÊÌËdÔÆÔ WOÓ≤ULÓ∏Ó∞ WÓOÓ≤U∂ÓßÚQÓ° ȸÓUB Ó M]∞«ËÓ œuNÔOÓ∞Ú« lÓ±Ó ÂÌöº Ó ° ÊÓuLÔKº Ú LÔ∞Ú« g Ó ¥ÓUFÓ¢Ó
8
.” UM]∞« sÓOÚ°Ó j Ó °«ËÓd]∞« ÍuΩIÓ¢Ô …Ó¸ÓU¥ÓeΩ∞« Ê]_Ó ,¸ÓËÓ«eÓ∑Ó≤Ó ÊÚ√Ó vKÓ´Ó ÂÔößÚùÚ « UMÓ∏^∫ Ô ¥Ó
9
.UMÓFÓ±Ó ¡ÓUA Ó FÓ∞Ú« w∞ËÓUMÓ∑Ó¢ÓËÓ q∂IÚLÔ∞Ú« f OLª Ó ∞Ú« ÂuÚ¥Ó ¡ÓUº Ó ±Ó UMÓO≠dΩA Ó ∑Ô∞ X Ï ÆÚËÓ p ¥ÚbÓ∞Ó ÊÓuJ Ô ¥Ó ÊÚ√Ó u§Ô¸Ú√Ó
10
)2 :…bÓzULÓ∞« …Ô¸ÓußÔ( ˝.Ê«ËÓbÚFÔ∞Ú«ËÓ r£ÚùÚ « vKÓ´Ó «u≤ÔËÓUFÓ¢Ó ôËÓ ÈuÓIÚ∑]∞«ËÓ dΩ∂∞Ú« vKÓ´Ó «u≤ÔËÓUFÓ¢ÓËÓ˚
11
ULÓ∑Ô∫ Ú ∞ÓUB Ó ¢Ó bÚÆÓ ULÓJ Ô ≤]√Ó bÓØ]QÓ¢Ó√Ó v∑]•Ó ÊÓüÚ « w±U±Ó√Ó U∫ Ó ≠ÓUB Ó ¢Ó,sº Ó •Ó U¥ÓËÓ qB Ó OÚ≠Ó U¥Ó
12
Exercise 10 - Continued (page 21—22) 1. This shirt matches/goes well with that grey jacket. 2. Some people like to show off their big muscles in front of others. 3. Would you (m.s.) agree with my opinion that the decision to dismiss the Minister of Education contravenes the constitution? 4. O Nadia, when did you and Mariam reconcile your differences? 5. My brother and sister sometimes feign illness in order to play truant from school. 6. Some members of the Security Council are conspiring to oust the United Nations Secretary General. 7. The two female colleagues who were involved in a car accident last month have now recovered, praise be to God. 8. Muslims lived together in peace with Jews and Christians in Spain for eight centuries. 9. Islam encourages us to pay visits to each other because visiting strengthens the bonds between people. 10. I hope that you will have time to honour us with a visit next Thursday evening and that you will have dinner with us. 11. Help each other to foster piety and devoutness, and do not help each other to foster evil and enmity. 12. O Faisal and Hasan, shake hands with each other in front of me now, so that I can be assured that you have reconciled your differences.
Exercise 11 - Continued (page 25)
.‚ bÔMÚHÔ∞Ú« v∞Ó≈ UMÓKÚÅ Ó ËÓ v∑]•Ó œÏuIÔHÚ±Ó ÍdHÓßÓ “Ó«uÓ§Ó Ê]√Ó „Ú¸œÚ√Ô rÚ∞Ó
1
.sÓ¥dîÓü« ÊËRÔ®Ô w≠ «uKÔî]bÓ∑Ó¢Ó ôÒQÓ° rÚJ Ô ∫ Ô B Ó ≤Ú√Ó
2
.s]N∑IÓ¥bÅ Ó · U≠Ó“ WKÓHÚ•Ó ¸uC Ô ∫ Ô ∞ ÊÓQÚO]NÓ∑Ó¥Ó ‹ Ô UMÓ∂Ó∞Ú«
3
.W¥Ó¸ußÔ v∞Ó≈ rÚJ Ô ∞uÅ Ô ËÔ œd]π Ó LÔ° UMÓ° «uKÔB ¢]«
4
?bÌ¨Ó ¡ÓUº Ó ±Ó UMÓFÚ±Ó ¡ÓUA Ó FÓ∞Ú« sÓ∞ÚËÓUMÓ∑Ó¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó sÓ∂Ú∂∫ Ú ¢Ô qÚ≥Ó
5
?…ÌdÓØÓ«cÓ±Ô ÊËbÔ° WO]zUNÓMΩ∞« ‹ U≤ÓU∫ Ó ∑±Úô« w≠ U∫ Ó π Ó MÚ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó ÊUFÓÆ]uÓ∑Ó¢Ó qÚ≥Ó
6
.rÚ≥¸uNÔ™Ô ¡«¸ÓËÓ sÚ± sÓ¥dîÓü« s´Ó sÓ£Úb]∫ Ó ∑Ó¢Ó ô
7
.…œÓuIÔHÚLÓ∞Ú« p ∑∂ÓOI•Ó dOB ±Ó W≠ÓdFÚLÓ∞ «bÎ¨Ó UMÓ° qÚB ¢]« ,ÂÓuÚOÓ∞Ú« UM]± lÚLÓº Ú ¢Ó rÚ∞Ó «–Ó≈
8
.d±Ú_Ó« «cÓ≥Ó w≠ wM¥b´Uº Ó ¢Ô ÊÚ√Ó sÓ¥b¥d¢Ô ô p ≤]√Ó ËbÔ∂Ú¥Ó
9
?…uÓHÚNÓ∞Ú« Ác≥Ó WÓO]∞ËRÔº Ú ±Ó qÔL]∫ Ó ∑Ó¥Ó sÚ±Ó
10
?w{ ULÓ∞Ú« dNÚA ] ∞« w≠ …̸ÓUO]ßÓ W£ÓœU∫ Ó ∞ X Ú { Ó d]FÓ¢Ó w∑∞]« p ∑ÔKÓO±“Ó X Ú ≠ÓUFÓ¢Ó qÚ≥Ó
11
.q∂ÓIÚ∑Óº Ú LÔ∞Ú« w≠ …ÎdÓO∂ØÓ WÎKÓJ A Ú ±Ô rÚJ Ô ∞Ó V Ó ∂Ωº Ó ¥Ô ÊÚ√Ó t≤QÚ®Ó sÚ± ḏÚ√Ó vKÓ´Ó «u±ÔbIÚ¢Ô ôÒQÓ° rÚJ Ô ∫ Ô B Ó ≤Ú√Ó
12
.ÊbÓMÚ∞Ó X OÆuÚ∑Ó° …ÓbÓ•«uÓ∞Ú« WÓ´ÓUº ] ∞« w Ω ∞ËÚb]∞« oÓA Ú ±Óœ ¸UDÓ±Ó w≠ UMÓ¢ÔdÓzU©Ó X Ú DÓ∂Ó≥Ó
13
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Exercise 12 - Continued (page 28) Form VII they (m.pl.) are alarmed (present tense)
they (f.pl.) were alarmed (past tense)
you (m.dual) were alarmed (past tense)
he was alarmed (past tense)
1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)Z Ô ´ÓeÚ¥Ó()s Ú ±( Z Ó ´Ó“Ó
ÊÓuπ Ô ´eÓMÚ¥Ó
sÓπ Ú ´ÓeÓ≤Ú«
ULÓ∑Ôπ Ú ´ÓeÓ≤Ú«
Z Ó ´ÓeÓ≤Ú«
I will not slide (subjunctive)
Slide! (f.s.) imperative
you (m.dual) will not slide (subjunctive)
we did not slide (jussive)
Meaning of form VII: to be alarmed (by/at) 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)oÔ∞ÓeÚ¥Ó( oÓ∞“Ó oÓ∞eÓ≤Ú√Ó I will not keep myself to myself (subjunctive)
wI∞eÓ≤Ú«
UIÓ∞eÓMÚ¢Ó
you (m.dual) Keep yourself to yourself! (f.s.) keep yourselves to yourselves imperative (subjunctive)
oÚ∞eÓMÚ≤Ó we did not keep ourselves to ourselves (jussive)
Meaning of form VII: to slip/ slide/ skid 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)ÍËeÚ¥Ó( ÈËÓ“Ó Í Ó ËeÓ≤Ú√Ó they (f.pl.) did not drift (jussive)
ÍËeÓ≤Ú« you (f.s.) are drifting (present tense)
U¥ÓËeÓMÚ¢Ó they (m.pl.) are drifting (present tense)
ËeÓMÚ≤Ó you (f.pl.) drifted (past tense)
Meaning of form VII: to keep to oneself 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)‚ Ô uº Ô ¥Ó( ‚ Ó UßÓ sÓIÚº Ó MÚ¥Ó Join! (m.pl.) imperative
sÓOÆUº Ó MÚ¢Ó Join! (f.s.) imperative
ÊÓuÆÔUº Ó MÚ¥Ó you (f.s.) joined (past tense)
s]∑ÔIÚº Ó ≤Ú« you (dual) did not join (jussive)
Meaning of form VII: to drift 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)r^C Ô ¥Ó( r]{ Ó «uL^C Ó ≤Ú« they (m.pl.) withdrew (past tense)
wLΩC Ó ≤Ú« Withdraw! (m.s.) (imperative)
X LÚLÓC Ó ≤Ú« she did not withdraw (jussive)
UL]C Ó MÚ¢Ó I will not withdraw (subjunctive)
Meaning of form VII: to join/affiliate 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)V Ô ∫ Ó º Ú ¥Ó( V Ó ∫ Ó ßÓ «u∂Ô∫ Ó º Ó ≤Ú«
Ú ∫ V º Ó ≤Ú«
Ú ∫ V º Ó MÚ¢Ó
Ó ∫ V º Ó ≤Ú√Ó
Meaning of form VII: to withdraw
Exercise 13 (page 29) Form VII verb
Person
Tense/ Mood
Form I verb (root)
Form VII verb
no first 7 form
3rd m.pl. present
)ŸuÅ(
sÓFÚB Ó MÚ¢Ó
2nd f.pl.
subj.
)ŸuÅ(
X Ú { Ó dÓIÓ≤Ú«
i) 3rd f.s.
i) past
÷ Ó dÓÆÓ
÷ Ô dIÓMÚ¢Ó
ii) 3rd f.s. ii) subj.
«u∞ÔeFÓMÚ¥Ó
Person
Form I verb (root)
Tense/ Mood
Ó ∫ V Ó º Ó ≤Ú«
3rd m.s.
past
V Ó ∫ Ó ßÓ
1
no first 8 form
lÓDÓIÓ≤Ú«
3rd m.s.
past
lÓDÓÆÓ
2
9
Ô dB · Ó ≤Ú√Ó
1st s.
present
· Ó dÓÅ Ó
3
÷ Ó dÓÆÓ
«uL^C Ó ≤Ú«
2nd m.pl.
impera.
r]{ Ó
4
3rd m.pl. jussive
‰ÓeÓ´Ó 10
‹ Ú QÓHÓDÓ≤Ú«
3rd f.s.
past
T Ó H©Ó
5
«u∫ Ô ∑ÓHÓ≤Ú«
3rd m.pl. past
Ó ∑Ó≠Ó 11 `
U©Ódª Ó ≤Ú«
◊ Ó dÓîÓ
6
· Ó d∫ Ó MÚ≤Ó
1st pl.
ÊÓu´ÔUB Ó MÚ¥Ó
2nd m. dual impera.
no
subj.
first 12 )·d•(form
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Exercise 14 (pages 29-30)
…¸ÓU¥Óe° WMÓπ Ú K]∞ Õ ULÓº ] ∞« ÂbÓ´Ó vKÓ´Ó U§ÎUπ Ó ∑•Ú« ŸULÓ∑§Úô « sÓ± ÊUº Ó ≤ÚùÚ « ‚ uIÔ•Ô WMÓπ Ú ∞Ó dÔ¥b±Ô V Ó ∫ Ó º Ó ≤Ú«
1
.sÓO≠uÆÔuÚLÓ∞Ú« 1. The head of the Human Rights Commission withdrew from the meeting in protest at the Commission not being allowed to visit the detainees.
.w{ ULÓ∞Ú« ÂUFÓ∞Ú« w≠ WFÓ±Uπ Ó ∞Ú« sÓ± UMÓ§d^ª Ó ¢Ó cÔMÚ±Ô qÌB Ó OÚ≠Ó sÓOÚ°ÓËÓ wMOÚ°Ó ‰ÔUB Ó ¢Ωô « lÓDÓIÓ≤Ú«
2
2. Contact between Faisal and me ceased after we graduated from university last year.
.…«¸ÓU∂ÓLÔ∞Ú« ¡UNÓ∑≤Ú« œd]π Ó LÔ° X OÚ∂Ó∞Ú« v∞Ó≈ · Ô dB Ó ≤ÚQÓßÓ 3. I will return home as soon as the football match ends.
3
Exercise 14 - Continued (pages 29-30)
.¡«bÓGÓ∞Ú« sÓ± rÚJ Ô zUNÓ∑≤Ú« bÓFÚ°Ó ŸULÓ∑§Úô « w≠ UMÓOÚ∞Ó≈ «uL^C Ó ≤Ú« ,rÚJ Ô KC Ú ≠Ó sÚ±
4
4. Please join us in the meeting after you (m.pl.) have finished lunch.
.WÓ•Ó¸U∂Ó∞Ú« W¥]b´Úd]∞« WHÓÅ UFÓ∞Ú« ¡ÓUMÓ£Ú√Ó vMÓ∂ÚLÓ∞Ú« w≠ …ÎQÓπ Ú ≠Ó ¸Ô«uÓ≤Ú_ÓÚ « ‹ QÓHÓDÓ≤Ú«
5
5. The lights suddenly went out in the building during the thunder storm last night.
.lÓLÓ∑Óπ Ú LÔ∞Ú« U±ÓbÔª Ú ∑Ó∞ WO]ßUOÓº Ω ∞« WO]KLÓFÓ∞Ú« w≠ U©Ódª Ó ≤Ú« ,sº Ó •Ó U¥ÓËÓ qB Ó OÚ≠Ó U¥Ó
6
6. O Faisal and Hasan, get involved in the political process in order to serve the community!
!…ÌbÓ¥b®Ó W̱ÓËÓUIÓ±Ô ÊËbÔ° WÌLÓKº Ú ±Ô WÌO]°Ë¸ÔË√Ô sÚ± à «ËÓe]∞« w≠ w∑∂Ó¨ÚdÓ∞ ÊÓu´ÔUB Ó MÚ¥Ó wK≥Ú√Ó Ê]√Ó lÔÆ]uÓ¢Ó√Ó X Ô MÚØÔ U±Ó
7
7. I was not expecting my family to agree to my wish to marry a European Muslim girl without strong opposition.
.s]J Ô ¥ÚuÓ°Ó√Ó ¸«dÓIÓ∞ sÓFÚB Ó MÚ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó WO]K∂ÓIÚ∑Óº Ú LÔ∞Ú« s]J Ô ∑∫ Ó KÓB Ú ±Ó sÚ± Ê]≈ ,‹ Ô UMÓ°Ó U¥Ó
8
8. O girls, it is in your future interest to agree to your parents’ decision.
.ÂÌuÚ¥Ó bÓFÚ°Ó U±ÎuÚ¥Ó œÔ«œÓeÚ¢Ó X Ú ¢ÓU°Ó ÷ Ó dIÓMÚ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó œÔUJ Ó ¢Ó ËÚ√Ó X Ú { Ó dÓIÓ≤Ú« w∑∞]« ‹ U≤Ó«uÓOÓ∫ Ó ∞Ú« ŸÓ«uÓ≤Ú√Ó Ê]≈
9
9. The number of species of animals that have become extinct or nearly extinct is increasing day by day.
dA Ú ≤Ó w≠ «u∫ Ô π Ó ≤Ó p Ó ∞cÓ∞ËÓ ,r∞ÓUFÓ∞Ú« vKÓ´Ó «u∫ Ô ∑ÓHÓ≤Ú« ULÓ≤]≈ËÓ sÓ¥dîÓü« s´Ó «u∞ÔeFÓMÚ¥Ó rÚ∞Ó qÔz«ËÓ_Ó« ÊÓuLÔKº Ú LÔ∞Ú« .…¸ÓuLÔFÚLÓ∞Ú« ¡U∫ Ó ≤Ú√Ó qΩØÔ w≠ ÂößÚù«
10 & 11
10 & 11. The early Muslims did not isolate themselves from others; rather, they opened up to the world and that is why they succeeded in spreading Islam around the globe.
.d±Ú_Ó« sÓ± sÚJ Ô ¥Ó ULÓNÚ±Ó UMÓ∑D]îÔ sÚ´Ó · Ó d∫ Ó MÚ≤Ó sÚ∞Ó 12. We will not deviate from our plan, come what may.
12
Exercise 15 (page 31)
.ŸULÓ∑§Úô« v∞Ó≈ œÔôËÚ_Ó« r]C Ó ≤Ú« «–Ó≈ sÓ∂Ú∫ º Ó MÚOÓßÓ ‹ Ô UMÓ∂Ó∞Ú« .p ∑KÓO±eÓ∞ X Ô KÚÆÔ ULÓ° WÎKÓJ A Ú ±Ô p ∞Ó X Ô ∂Ú∂]ßÓ bÚÆÓ ÊÓuØÔ√Ó ôÒ√Ó u§Ô¸Ú√Ó .d±Ú_Ó« «cÓ≥Ó w≠ w æ zUNÓ≤ ¸Ì«dÓÆÓ v∞Ó≈ dÔ¥bLÔ∞Ú« qÔÅ ] uÓ∑Ó¥Ó v∑Ó±Ó · Ô d´Ú√Ó ô .‚ bÔMÚHÔ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó ‹ UHÓÅ Ó «uÓLÔ° V Ì π Ó FÚ±Ô dÔOÚ¨Ó U≤Ó√Ó ?WÏ∂ÓßUMÓ±Ô ¸ÏUFÓßÚ√Ó w Ó ≥ qÚ≥Ó ?‚ bÔMÚHÔ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó w≠ · dÓGÔ∞Ú« ¸UFÓßÚ√Ó w≠ rÚJ Ô ¥Ô√Ú¸Ó U±Ó .eπ Ú ∫ Ó ∞Ú« ‹ «¡Ó«dÓ§Ú≈ ‰ULÓØÚ≈ qÓ∂ÚÆÓ WÏ∫ Ó ¥d±Ô ‚ bÔMÚHÔ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó w≠ · Ó dÓGÔ∞Ú« Ê]√Ó sÚ± ÍbØ]QÓ∑Ó¢Ó rÚ∞Ó «–ÓULÓ∞ ?sÓ¥dJ Ω ∂Ó±Ô «uKÔB ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó rÚJ Ô ∑Ô∫ Ú B Ó ≤Ó wM≤]√Ó ÊÓËdÔØ]cÓ∑Ó¢Ó ô√Ó ?¸UDÓLÓ∞Ú« v∞Ó≈ rÚ¢ÔdÚî]QÓ¢Ó «–ÓULÓ∞ .«bÎ¨Ó WßÓ¸ÓbÚLÓ∞Ú« v∞Ó≈ b¥bπ Ó ∞Ú« d¥bLÔ∞Ú« ‰ÓuÅ Ô ËÔ lÔÆÓuÓ∑Ó≤Ó ?p Ó ∞Ó uÓ≥Ô ‰ÓuLÔ∫ Ú LÓ∞Ú« » Ó ußÔU∫ Ó ∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó Ê]√Ó ‹ Ï U∂Ó£Ú≈ p Ó ¥ÚbÓ∞Ó qÚ≥Ó .ÂÌU¥]√Ó W£Óö£Ó …b]LÔ∞ ÂÌuπ Ô ≤Ô f LÚª Ó ° ‚ Ì bÔMÚ≠Ô w≠ sOÚMÓ£Úô dÌO∂ØÓ dÌ¥dº Ó ° WÎ≠ÓdÚ¨Ô ‹ Ô eÚπ Ó •Ó bÚÆÓ .œuIÔHÚLÓ∞Ú« t°ußÔU•Ó rK^º Ó ∑Ó∞ «¸ÎuÚ≠Ó ‹ U±ÓöFÚ∑ßÚô« V ∑ÓJ Ú ±Ó v∞Ó≈ tÓ§]uÓ∑Ó¥Ó ÊÚ√Ó Í¸uB Ô MÚLÓ∞Ú« qB Ó OÚ≠Ó sÚ± u§ÔdÚ≤Ó .WO]zUNÓMΩ∞« s]J Ô ¢U≤ÓU∫ Ó ∑±Úô ÊÓQÚO]NÓ∑Ó¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó Â“ö Ò ∞« sÓ± ,‹ Ô UMÓ°Ó U¥Ó .d¥bLÔ∞Ú« v∞Ó≈ œÔœ]uÓ∑Ó¥Ó bÓ¥bπ Ó ∞Ú« n Ó ™]uÓLÔ∞Ú« Ê]√Ó UMÓEÚ•Óô Exercise 16 (page 35)
Form VIII (3rd m.s.)
Root
Form VIII (3rd m.s.)
Root
lÓLÓ∑ÓßÚ«
lLß
9
dÓπ Ó ¢]«
dπ¢
1
ŸÓ¸ÓœÓ“Ú«
Ÿ¸“
10
Õ Ó dÓ©]«
Õd©
2
dÓ£Óœ]«
d£œ
11
lÓMÓDÓÅ Ú «
lMÅ
3
lÓKÓDÓ{ Ú «
lK{
12
rÓ´Óœ]«
r´œ
4
dÓ∂ÓDÓÅ Ú «
d∂Å
13
dӧӜӓګ
d§“
5
n Ó ∞Ӝӓګ
n∞“
14
lÓHÓ¢Ó¸Ú«
l≠¸
6
œÓdÓ©]«
œd©
15
dÓîÓœ]«
dî–
7
mÓ∂ÓDÓÅ Ú «
m∂Å
16
lÓπ Ó DÓ{ Ú « lπ{
8
Exercise 17 (page 40) Form VIII they (m.pl.) begin with (present tense)
they (f.pl.) began with (past tense)
you (m. dual) began with (past tense)
he began (with) (past tense)
ÊÓuzÔb∑Ó∂Ú¥Ó
ÊÓ√ÚbÓ∑Ó°Ú«
ULÓ¢Ô√ÚbÓ∑Ó°Ú«
)‡°( √ÓbÓ∑Ó°Ú«
I will not buy (subjunctive)
Buy! (f.s.) (imperative)
you (m. dual) will not buy (subjunctive)
we did not buy (jussive)
ŸÓU∑Ó°Ú√Ó
w´U∑Ó°Ú«
U´ÓU∑Ó∂Ú¢Ó
lÚ∑Ó∂Ú≤Ó
1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)√ÔbÓ∂Ú¥Ó( √Ób Ó °Ó Meaning of form VIII: to begin (with) 1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)lÔO∂¥Ó( ŸÓU°Ó Meaning of form VIII: to buy
I will not allege (subjunctive)
you (f.s.) alleged (past tense)
w Ó ´œ]√Ó
X OÚ´Óœ]«
You (m. dual) will not allege (subjunctive)
UOÓ´b]¢Ó
we did not allege (jussive)
Ÿb]≤Ó
1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)u´ÔbÚ¥Ó( U´ÓœÓ Meaning of form VIII: to allege
they (f.pl.) did not fear God (jussive)
you (f.s.) fear God (present tense)
sÓOI∑]¥Ó
sÓOI∑]¢Ó
they (m.pl.) did not fear God (jussive)
«uIÔ∑]¥Ó
you (f.pl.) feared God (past tense)
s]∑ÔOÚIÓ¢]«
1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)wI¥Ó( vÆÓËÓ Meaning of form VIII: to fear God
Follow! (m.pl.) imperative
Follow! (f.s.) imperative
you (f.s.) followed (past tense)
you (m. dual) did not follow (jussive)
«uFÔ∂¢]«
wF∂¢]«
X FÚ∂Ó¢]«
UFÓ∂∑]¢Ó
1st form verb m. sing. (past & present)
)lÔ∂Ó∑Ú¥Ó( lÓ∂¢Ó Meaning of form VIII: to follow
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Exercise 18 (page 41) Person
Form VIII verb
Tense/ Mood
Form I verb (root)
Form VIII verb
Person
Tense/ Mood
Form I verb (root)
2nd m.s.
present
bÓIÓ´Ó
1
ÈdÓ®Ó
2
dÓA Ó ≤Ó
3
4
ULÓ∑Ô¥ÚdÓ∑Ó®Ú«
2nd f. dual past
ÈdÓ®Ó
6
Ê«bÓI∑ÓFÚ¢Ó«
rÚ∑ÔOÚHÓ∑ÓîÚ«
2nd m.pl.
past
w Ó HîÓ
7
d∑ÓA Ú ≤Ó
1st pl.
jussive
X Ô OÚIÓ∑Ó∞Ú«
1st s.
past
Ó I∞Ó w
8
dÓA Ó ∑Ó≤Ú«
3rd m.s.
past
qÓG∑Ó®Ú√Ó
1st s.
subjunc.
qÓGÓ®Ó
9
sÓNÚ∂∑Ó≤Ú«
2nd f.pl.
impera.
tÓ∂≤Ó
lÔL∑Óπ Ú ¥Ó
3rd m.s.
present
lÓLÓ§Ó 10
sÓFÚL∑ÓßÚ«
2nd f.pl.
impera.
lÓLßÓ
3rd f.s.
jussive
lÓKÓ©Ó 11
sÓOI∫ ∑ÓKÚ¢Ó
2nd f.s.
present
oÓ∫ ∞Ó
1st s.
subjunc.
d]{ Ó 12
sÓON∑ÓMÚ¢Ó
2nd f.s.
present
vNÓ≤Ó
lÚKD]¢Ó d]DÓ{ Ú √Ó
5
Exercise 19 (page 42)
?wM∂ÔßUMÓ¥Ô n Ó DÓFÚL∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó Ê]√Ó bÔI∑ÓFÚ¢Ó qÚ≥Ó
1
.¡Ìw Ú ®Ó Í ] √Ó d∑ÓA Ú ≤Ó rÚ∞Ó sÚJ ∞ÓËÓ ‚ u^º Ó ∑]∞« eØÓdÚ±Ó v∞Ó≈ UMÓ∂Ú≥Ó–Ó
2
.…«¸ÓU∂ÓLÔ∞Ú« ¡UNÓ∑≤Ú« bÓFÚ°Ó Ÿ¸«uÓA ] ∞« w≠ ÂbÓIÓ∞Ú« …dÓØÔuFÔπ Ω A Ó ±Ô dÓA Ó ∑Ó≤Ú«
3
.‰ÔuÆÔ√Ó U±Ó v∞Ó≈ «bÎOΩ§Ó sÓFÚL∑ÓßÚ«ËÓ sÓNÚ∂∑Ó≤Ú«
4
?W¥]u≤ÓU∏]∞« WKÓ•ÓdÚLÓ∞Ú« sÓ± sÓON∑ÓMÚ¢Ó U±ÓbÓFÚ°Ó sÓOI∫ ∑ÓKÚ∑ÓßÓ WÌFÓ±U§Ó Í Ω QÓ°
5
?j ^ ÆÓ w Ω ≤ËdÔ∑ÚJ Ú ∞ùÚ « w ∂Ó¥ùÚ « lÆuÚ±Ó vKÓ´Ó œ«eÓLÓ∞ÚU° lOÚ∂ÓKÚ∞ WÎ{ Ó ËdÔFÚ±Ó WδÓUC Ó ° ULÓ∑Ô¥ÚdÓ∑Ó®Ú« qÚ≥Ó
6
?rÚ∑ÔMÚØÔ sÓ¥Ú√Ó !…Ìb]±Ô sÚ± ¸UEÓ≤Ú_ÓÚ « s´Ó rÚ∑ÔOÚHÓ∑ÓîÚ«
7
.Z Ω ∫ Ó ∞Ú« rßuÚ±Ó ¡ÓUMÓ£Ú√Ó W¥]œuFÔº ] ∞« w≠ …Ìd]±Ó ‰Ë]_Ó qÌB Ó OÚHÓ° X Ô OÚIÓ∑Ó∞Ú« .WØÓdA ] ∞« w≠ rÚJ Ô FÓ±Ó qÓG∑Ó®Ú_Ó WÓÅ Ó dÚHÔ∞Ú« w Ó ∞ «u∫ Ô O∑¢Ô ÊÚ√Ó lÔLÓ©Ú√Ó
8
9
Exercise 19: Continued (page 42)
.j ßÓËÚ_ÓÚ « ‚ dÚA ] ∞« w≠ w Ω M±Ú_ÓÚ « l{ Ú uÓ∞Ú« Y ∫ Ú ∂Ó∞ WO]π OKª Ó ∞Ú« ‰ËÓb^∞« ¡ÔUßÓƒÓ¸Ô lÔL∑Óπ Ú ¥Ó
10
.bÔFÚ°Ó d¥dIÚ∑]∞« ÊuLÔC Ú ±Ó vKÓ´Ó lÚKD]¢Ó UL]∞Ó
11
.p Ó KLÓ´Ó sÚ± p Ó KB Ú ≠Ó v∞Ó≈ d]DÓ{ Ú √Ó ö] µÓ∞ p Ó KLÓ´Ó vKÓ´Ó W∂Ó™Ó«uÓLÔ∞ÚU° p Ó ∫ Ô B Ó ≤Ú√Ó
12
Exercise 19: Continued (page 42) 1. Do you (m.s.) think that this coat suits me? 2. We went to the shopping centre but we did not buy anything. 3. The football supporters dispersed into the streets after the end of the match. 4. Pay attention (f.pl.) and listen very carefully to what I say! 5. Which university will you (f.s.) join after you finish your secondary school education? 6. Have you (dual) ever bought an item that was being auctioned on the Ebay website? 7. You (m.pl.) disappeared from sight for a while. Where were you? 8. I met Faisal for the first time in Saudi Arabic during the Haj season. 9. I hope that you (m.pl.) will give me the opportunity to work with you in the company. 10. The heads of the Gulf States are meeting to discuss the security situation in the Middle East. 11. You (m.s.) have yet to see the content of the report. 12. I advise you (m.s.) to be diligent in your work in order not to compel me to dismiss you from your position.
' 2007 Anglo-Arabic Graphics Ltd Costumers may download one copy of this PDF file of the Answer Booklet for personal usage ONLY.
Exercise 20 (page 45)
?wM∂ÔßUMÓ¥Ô n Ó DÓFÚL∞Ú« «cÓ≥Ó Ê]√Ó bÔI∑ÓFÚ¢Ó qÚ≥Ó
1
.ËdÔ∏ÚO≥ ¸UDÓLÓ° W¥]œuFÔº ] ∞« W¥]uΩπ Ó ∞Ú« ◊ uDÔª Ô ∞Ú« lÓ±Ó sÓOKG∑ÓA Ú ¢Ó p ≤]√Ó X Ô FÚLßÓ
2
?w Ω ∞ËÚb]∞« …dÓ≥UIÓ∞Ú« ¸UDÓ±Ó v∞Ó≈ rÚJ Ô ¢ÔdÓzU©Ó qÔB ¢Ó v∑Ó±Ó
3
.j ßÓËÚ_Ó« ‚ dÚA ] ∞« v∞Ó≈ dHÓº ] ∞« qÓ∂ÚÆÓ dOî_Ó« w Ω M±Ú_Ó« l{ Ú uÓ∞Ú« d¥dIÚ¢Ó ÊuLÔC Ú ±Ó vKÓ´Ó sÓFÚKD]¢Ó ÊÚQÓ° s]J Ô ∫ Ô B Ó ≤Ú√Ó
4
.‰ÔuÆÔ√Ó U±Ó v∞Ó≈ «bÎOΩ§Ó «uNÔ∂∑ÓMÚ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó u§Ô¸Ú√Ó
5
?WFÓ±Uπ Ó ∞Ú« sÓ± ¡UNÓ∑≤Úô« bÓFÚ°Ó ÊöGÚ∑ÓA Ú ¢Ó sÓ¥Ú√Ó
6
.¡UA Ó FÓ∞Ú« sÓ± ÊuNÔ∑ÓMÚ¢Ó U±ÓbÓFÚ°Ó uNÚ∂Ó∞Ú« w≠ w° «uIÔ∫ ∑Ó∞Ú«
7
.WßÓ¸ÓbÚLÓ∞Ú« s´Ó «uHÔK]ª Ó ∑Ó¥Ó w Ú J Ó ∞ U≤ÎUOÓ•Ú√Ó ÊÓu{ Ô ¸ÓULÓ∑Ó¥Ó œÓôËÚ_Ó« Ê]√Ó «dÎî]RÓ±Ô UMÓEÚ•Óô bÚÆÓ
8
.‚ ¸Ó“Ú_Ó« p Ó ∞«ËÓdÚß lÓ±Ó V Ô ßÓUMÓ∑Ó¥Ó Íc∞]« n Ó DÓFÚL∞Ú« p Ó ∞Ó Í Ó d∑ÓA Ú ≤Ó ÊÚ√Ó ‰ÔËU∫ Ó MÔßÓ
9
.‰U§ÓdΩK∞ dÔîÓ¬ËÓ ¡Uº Ó MΩK∞ h Ï B ] ª Ó ±Ô ` Ï ∂Óº Ú ±Ó tO≠ ‚ Ì bÔMÚHÔ° T ©UA ] ∞« vKÓ´Ó sOÚ∑ÓK]D±Ô sOÚ∑Ó≠ÓdÚ¨Ô UMÓ∞Ó eÚπ •Ú«
10
?bÌ¥b§Ó n Ì ™]uÓ±Ô v∞Ó≈ rÚJ Ô ∑ÔØÓd®Ó Ã Ô U∑Ó∫ Ú ¢Ó qÚ≥Ó
11
.w∑§ÓËÚ“Ó sÓOÚ°ÓËÓ wMOÚ°Ó WÎKÓJ A Ú ±Ô V Ó ∂]ßÓ U±ÓbÓFÚ°Ó qB Ó OÚ≠Ó tÔ∞ÔuIÔ¥Ó U±Ó qΩØÔ w≠ ÊÓü« p Ô J ] A Ó ¢Ó√Ó ‹ Ô √ÚbÓ°Ó
12
.rÚJ Ô ∑∫ Ó OB ≤ËÓ rÚJ Ô FOπ A Ú ¢ÓËÓ rÚØÔbO¥QÚ¢Ó vKÓ´Ó rÚJ Ô ∞Ó «dÎJ Ú ®Ô
13
' 2007 Anglo-Arabic Graphics Ltd Costumers may download one copy of this PDF file of the Answer Booklet for personal usage ONLY.
Exercise 21 (page 46) Form IX imperative (you m.s.)
Form IX present tense, 3rd person m.s.
Form IX past tense, 3rd person m.s.
¸]uÓ´Ú«
¸^uÓFÚ¥Ó
¸]uÓ´Ú«
1st. form past tense (3rd. person m.s.)
he lost an eye
¸Óu´Ó
Form IX: he was one-eyed
à ] uӴګ
à ^ uÓFÚ¥Ó
à ] uӴګ
d]HÓÅ Ú «
d^HÓB Ú ¥Ó
d]HÓÅ Ú «
it became twisted, crooked, bent Form IX meaning = Form I
Ã Ó u´Ó
No first form. Form II: he made/ dyed s.th. yellow Form IX: he turned yellow; became pale
)dHÅ(
Exercise 22 (page 51) Form X they (m.pl.) regain (present tense)
they (f.pl.) regained (past tense)
you (m. dual) regained (past tense)
he regained (past tense)
ÊÓuFÔ§dÚ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó
sÓFÚ§ÓdÚ∑ÓßÚ«
ULÓ∑ÔFÚ§ÓdÚ∑ÓßÚ«
lÓ§ÓdÚ∑ÓßÚ«
I will not ask for help (subjunctive)
Ask for help! (f.s.) imperative
1st form verb m.s. (past & present)
)lÔ§dÚ¥Ó( lÓ§Ó¸Ó
you (m. dual) will not ask for help (subjunctive)
we did not ask for help (jussive)
Meaning of Form X: to regain/recover 1st form verb m.s. (past & present)
)dÔB Ô MÚ¥Ó( dÓB Ó ≤Ó dÓB MÚ∑ÓßÚ√Ó
ÍdB MÚ∑ÓßÚ«
I will not reclaim (subjunctive)
Reclaim ! (f.s.) (imperative)
«dÓB MÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó you (m. dual) will reclaim (subjunctive)
dÚB MÚ∑Óº Ú ≤Ó we did not reclaim (jussive)
Meaning of Form X: to ask for help 1st form verb m.s. (past & present)
)œ^dÔ¥Ó( œ]¸Ó œ]d∑ÓßÚ√Ó Stand up straight! (m.pl.) (imperative)
ÍœΩd∑ÓßÚ«
«œ]d∑Óº Ú ¢Ó
they (f.pl.) stood they (dual) did not straighten up up straight (jussive) (past tense)
œ]d∑Óº Ú ≤Ó he will not stand up straight (subjunctive)
Meaning of Form X: to retrieve, reclaim 1st form verb m.s. (past & present)
)ÂÔuIÔ¥Ó( ÂÓUÆÓ «uLÔOI∑ÓßÚ«
sÓLÚIÓ∑ÓßÚ«
ULÓOI∑Óº Ú ¥Ó
rÓOI∑Óº Ú ¥Ó
Meaning of Form X: to be upright; to straighten up N.B. waaw not retained!
Exercise 23 (page 52) Form X verb
Person
Form I verb (root)
Tense/ Mood
Tense/ Mood
Form I verb (root)
Form X verb
Person
7a
‹ Ó dÚ§ÓQÚ∑ÓßÚ«
2nd m.s.
past
dÓ§Ó√Ó 1
Ó M¨Ó 7b w
«uKÔ∂IÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó
2nd m.pl.
subjunc.
qÓ∂ÆÓ 2
8
‚ Ô dGÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó
3rd f.s.
present
‚ Ó d¨Ó 3
9
sÓEÚIOÚ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó
a) 3rd f.pl.
present
k Ó I¥Ó 4a
b) 3rd m.pl. present
k Ó I¥Ó 4b
(waaw not kept)
lÔOD∑ÓßÚ√Ó
1st f.s.
present
no )Ÿu©( first form
Ó MGÚ∑ÓßÚ√Ó w
1st pl.
subjunc.
UMÓKÚKÓIÚ∑ÓßÚ«
1st pl.
past
q]ÆÓ no
wHOC ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó
first )nO{(form
2nd f.s. jussive
wB FÚ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó
3rd m.s. present
wMOF∑ÓßÚ«
2nd f.s. impera.
Ú ¥Ó vB Ó ´Ó10a ÊÓuEÔIOÚ∑Óº )Êu´( no first
(waaw not kept)
10b
X Ô FÚ∑ÓLÚ∑ÓßÚ«
1st singl.
present
n Ó ÆÓuÚ∑ÓßÚ«
3rd m.s.
jussive
lÓ∑Ó±Ó 5
form
n Ó ÆÓËÓ 6
Exercise 24 (page 53)
?…Ó¸ÓUO]º ] ∞« Ác≥Ó ‹ Ó dÚ§ÓQÚ∑ÓßÚ« sÓ¥Ú√Ó sÚ±
1
?ÂœUIÓ∞Ú« X ∂Úº ] ∞« ÂuÚ¥Ó ¡ÓUº Ó ±Ó ¸UDÓLÓ∞ÚU° U≤ÓuKÔ∂IÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó sJ LÚLÔ∞Ú« sÓ± qÚ≥Ó
2
.j Ú IÓ≠Ó WδÓUßÓ œ¸ÚuHÔº Ú ØÚË√Ô WMÓ¥b±Ó v∞Ó≈ ÊÓbÓMÚ∞Ó sÚ± …¸ÓUO]º ] ∞U° WÔKÓ•ÚdΩ∞« ‚ Ô dGÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó
3
.sÓ|dîΩQÓ∑Ó±Ô ÊÓuEÔIOÚ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó ÍœôËÚ√Ó ULÓMÓOÚ°Ó ,‹ Ì «dÓJ Ω ∂Ó±Ô sÓEÚIOÚ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó w¢UMÓ°Ó
4
.WÓ•Ó¸U∂Ó∞Ú« w Ω M©ÓuÓ∞Ú« Õ dÓº Ú LÓ∞Ú« w≠ UNÓ¢ÔbÚ≥ÓU®Ó w∑∞]« WO]•dÓº Ú LÓ∞ÚU° X Ô FÚ∑ÓLÚ∑ÓßÚ«
5
.ʜԸÚ_ÔÚ « v∞Ó≈ sÓODº Ú KÓ≠ sÚ± UMÓ∑KÓ•Ú¸ ¡ÓUMÓ£Ú√Ó sOÚ¢Ód]±Ó œËbÔ∫ Ô ∞Ú« WÔ©ÓdÚ®Ô UMÓHÓÆÓuÚ∑ÓßÚ«
6
.rÚJ Ô ¢bÓ´ÓUº Ó ±Ô sÚ´Ó w Ó MGÚ∑ÓßÚ√Ó ÊÚ√Ó lÔOD∑ÓßÚ√Ó ô
7
.W¥]¸bÓMÚJ Ó ßÚùÚ « v∞Ó≈ WÓKÓ≠U∫ Ó ∞Ú« UMÓKÚKÓIÚ∑ÓßÚ« ,dÓB Ú ± v∞Ó≈ UMÓ∞uÅ Ô ËÔ œd]π Ó LÔ°
8
?‹ËdÔOÚ∂Ó∞ UNÓ¢¸ÓU¥Ó“ ¡ÓUMÓ£Ú√Ó p ∑OÚ°Ó w≠ p ∑ÓIÓ¥bÅ Ó wHOC ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó rÚ∞Ó «–ÓULÓ∞
9
.p ¢uÓîÚS° wMOF∑ÓßÚU≠Ó ,„bÓ•ÚËÓ WL]NÓLÓ∞Ú« Ác≥Ó “ÔUπ Ó ≤Ú≈ p OÚKÓ´Ó wB FÚ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó tÔ≤]√Ó ‹ bÚ§ÓËÓ «–Ó≈
10
Exercise 24 Continued (page 53) 1. From where did you (m.s.) rent this car? 2. Would it be possible for you (m.pl.) to meet us at the airport next Saturday evening? 3. The journey from London to Oxford took only one hour. 4. Girls wake up early whereas boys wake up late. 5. I enjoyed the play I saw at the National Theatre last night. 6. The border police stopped us twice during our journey from Palestine to Jordan. 7. I cannot do without your (m.pl.) help. 8. As soon as we arrived in Egypt, we took the bus to Alexandria. 9. Why didn’t you (f.s.) accommodate your friend (f.) in your home during her visit to Beirut? 10. If you (f.s.) find that it would be difficult to accomplish this task by yourself, then seek the help of your brothers.
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Exercise 25 (page 55)
?oÓA Ò ±Óœ w≠ ¸UDÓLÓ∞ÚU° UMÓKÔ∂IÚ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó Íc∞]« s±Ó
1
.WÓ¥Ó¸uº Ô ∞ w¢¸ÓU¥Ó“ ¡ÓUMÓ£Ú√Ó rÚ≥ÔbÓMÚ´ w≤uHÔOC ∑Óº Ú ¥Ó ÊÚQÓ° oÓA Ú ±Óœ w≠ tKÓ≥Ú√Ó sÚ± wI¥bÅ Ó V Ó KÓ©Ó
2
.ŸÌu∂ÔßÚ√Ô …b]LÔ∞ …ÎdÓO∂ØÓ …θÓUO]ßÓ dÓ§QÚ∑Óº Ú ≤Ó ÊÚ√Ó bÔ¥d≤Ô ,p KC Ú ≠Ó sÚ±
3
?œ¸ÚuHÔº Ú ØÚË√Ô v∞Ó≈ ÊbÓMÚ∞Ó sÚ± WKÓ≠U∫ Ó ∞ÚU° WÔKÓ•ÚdΩ∞« ‚ Ô dGÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó WδÓUßÓ rÚØÓ
4
.¸UDÓLÓ∞Ú« v∞Ó≈ ‰uÅ Ô uÔ∞Ú« w≠ Ídî]QÓ∑Ó¢Ó ô w Ú J Ó ∞ bÌ¨Ó Õ Ó U∂ÓÅ Ó …ÎdÓJ Ω ∂Ó±Ô wEIOÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó ÊÚ√Ó w∞ËU•Ó ,r¥ÓdÚ±Ó U¥Ó
5
.‹ U±ÓöFÚ∑ßÚô« V ∑ÓJ Ú ±Ó bÓMÚ´ w≤dÚEÓ∑Ó≤Ú« ,wK∂ÚÆÓ ÂuÚM]∞« sÓ± X Ó EÚIÓOÚ∑ÓßÚ« «–Ó≈
6
?WL]NÓLÓ∞Ú« Ác≥Ó “Uπ Ó ≤Ú≈ w≠ …bÓ´ÓUº Ó LÔ∞Ú« v∞Ó≈ ÊU§ÓU∑Ó∫ Ú ¢Ó qÚ≥Ó
7
.rÚJ Ô FÚ±Ó rÔK]J Ó ¢Ó√Ó U±ÓbÓMÚ´ wMΩ´Ó «u≠ÔdB Ó MÚ¢Ó ô
8
.d¥bLÔ∞Ú« V ∑ÓJ Ú ±Ó v∞Ó≈ ‰uîÔb^∞« qÓ∂ÚÆÓ Ê]–QÚ∑Óº Ú ¢Ó rÚ∞Ó «–ÓULÓ∞
9
?W¥]¸bÓMÚJ Ó ßÚù« v∞Ó≈ UMÓ≥Ô sÚ± WÓKÓ≠U∫ Ó ∞Ú« q]I∑Óº Ú ≤Ó ÊÚ√Ó lÔOD∑Óº Ú ≤Ó UMÓ≤]√Ó ÊÓbÚF∂Ú∑Óº Ú ¢Ó «–ÓULÓ∞ ,‹ Ô UMÓ°Ó U¥Ó
10