Manveer Singh
Appleton Coated
Die Cutting
A process using a sharp, metal die to cut regular or irregular shapes. Dies cart be custom made to fit almost any need.
Embossing/Debossing ~
The processes by which a raised of depressed design is stamped into paper, creating dimensionality.
Engraving (Or Intaglio)
01
Custom Techniques
Carved, cut. or etched design or letters in a block or surface used for printing. To print from a block or plate made by such a process,
Film Laminating
The application of a protective layer to the printed sheet. Available in a variety of weights and finishes,
Foil Stamping
The application of foil to paper. May also be combined with embossing for added interest.
Laser Cutting
Laser cutting with a C02 laser allows intricate designs that are not possible to create with a metal die.
Letterpress
The process of printing from a raised inked surface leaving an impressionon the surface of the paper.
Silk Screening (Or Screen Printing)
A printing process by which ink is applied to a surface by forcing it through a fine mesh screen made of silk or a synthetic substitute.
Thermogrphy
A process for producing raised lettering by application ‘of a powder that is fused by heat to the fresh ink,for more information on these techniques, please refer to “The Coated U’ Promotion from Appleton Coated.
REQUEST FOR QUOTATION
02
General Information Date Contact Company Street address City / State / Zip Telephone number Project title Completion date
SPECIFICATIONS Quantity Total number of pages Pl8t Size / Finished Size (A dummy should always accompany the instructions) Ink (Include total number of colors) Overprinting Imagery (conventional or electronic and require scanning or retouching) Proof type Finishing / Bindery
SHIPPING INFORMATION Attention Street address City / State / Zip Telephone number Special shipping instructions
PAPER MERCHANT INFORMATION Name Company Telephone number Please remember to specify your local paper merchant.
ULTRAV.IOLET COATING (OH W COATINE}
OVERPRINTING
03
UV coating is a solventless ink that is cured by ultraviolet radiation. Somvvve inks may need to be reformulated for compatibility with ultraviolet Varnish
Essentially ink with no pigments or colorants added, varnish can be used to protect both printed and unprinted areas alike. One drawback to varnishes is that they have an inherent tint to them that will darken over time. It is usually not noticeable on printed areas, it is quite noticeable on unprinted areas. For more information on varnishes and other coatings, refer to Appleton Coated’s “The Coated U” Promotion. Options for use are almost endless and include choices of finish, from gloss to dull, and application techniques that range from flat coverage and halftone to clear or tinted.
Aqueous Coatime
Spot Coating
A water-based alternative to varnish that protects and enhances printed materials. May be applied on press as a gloss, satin, or dull coating. Aqueous coatings dry faster than varnish and do not yellow with age. They are generally used as an overall covering, since fit and trapping limitations exist.
When a design concept includes process color halftones, some gloss and surface contrast may be achieved by using a spot varnish Tover or under the image. An ink draw-down on the paper will demonstrate the offset that can be obtained. Since ink on uncoated paper is absorbed rather than evaporated, driers, extenders. and anti-scuff compounds are generally unnecessary. Exceptions might include a solid area of ink, or when an additive is used or when the acidity causes slow (trying.)
04
MEASUREMENT CONVERSIONS 1 pica= 12 points 6 picas = approximately 1 inch (.9936 inches} 1 point-.0138 inches
FRACTION
DECIMAL
MILIMETER
1/84 1/32 3/64 1/16 5/64 3/32 7/64 1/8 9/64 5/32 11/64 3/16 13/64 7/32 15/64 1/4 1 7/64 9/32 19/64 5/16 21/64 11/32 23/64 3/8 25/64 13/32 27/64 7/16 29/54 15/32 31/64 1/2
.0156 .0312 .0468 .0625 .0781 .0937 .1093 .1250 .14(56 .1562 .1718 .1875 .2031 .2187 .2343 .2500 .2656 .2812 .2968 .3125 .3281 .3437 .3593 .3750 .3906 .4062 .4218 .4375 .4531 .4687 .4843 .5000
0.396 0.793 1,190 1.587 1.984 2.381 2.778 3.175 3,571 3.968 4.365 4.762 5.159 5.556 5.953 6.350 6.746 7.143 7.540 7,937 8.334 8.731 9.128 9.525 9.921 10.318 10.715 11.112 11.509 11.906 12.303 12.700
33/64 17/32 35/64 9/16 37/64 19/32 39/64 5/8 41/64 21/32 43/64 11/16 45/64 23/32 47/64 3/4 49/64 25/32 51/64 13/16 53/64 27/32 55/64 7/8 57/64 29/32 59/64 15/16 61/64 31/32 63/64 1
.5156 .5312 .5468 .5625 .5781 .5937 .6093 .6250 .6406 .6562 .6718 .6875 .7031 .7187 .7343 .7500 .7656 .7812 .7968 .8125 .8281 .8437 .8593 .8750 .8906 .9062 .9218 .9375 .9531 .9687 .9843 1.0000
13.096 13.493 13.890 14.287 14.684 15.081 15.478 15.875 16.271 16.668 17.065 17.462 17.859 18.256 18.653 19.050 19.446 19.843 20.240 20.637 21.034 21.431 21.828 22.225 22.621 23.018 23.415 23.812 24.209 24.606 25.003 25.400
INK
Ink is either opaque or transparent. Most printing, and all reproduction of color art work or photography use transparent inks. Colored transparents modify light by filtering! certain wave lengths. Process printing involves three subtractive secondary colors;
05
INK OPTIONS Many inks are made for different uses. Some inks eliminate starch anti-set-off spray in sheet fed printing. Some reduce air pollution from solvents. There are inks that simulate metallic luster; inks that print magnetic characters to be read electronically; alcohol and scuff-resistant inks for liquor labels; alkali-resistant inks for soap packaging; and inks with exceptional brilliance for attractive
METAILLIC INK
Metallic inks use metallic powders. such as aluminum and copper alloys to add a metallic luster.
SOY INK
Soy ink is a blend food-grade soybean oil with pigments, resins and waxes. Soybean oil doesn’t evaporate to dry - the ink hardens as the oil polymerizes. It’s an advantage for sheet-fed and cold-set presses, but a slight disadvantage CYAN for high-volume, heat-set presses. Absorbs red and transmits blue/green
QUlCK-SETTING
INKS
MAGENTA
Absorbs green and transmit? blue/red
YELLOW
Upon contact with the paper, Absorbs blue and transmits green/red the surface or coating quickly drains solvents from the ink, creating; a rapidly setting film which speeds handling. Quick-set inks usually dry with a good gloss. The wide variety of printing methods and applications require a range of special ink characteristics, including rub and smudge-resistant, scuff and scratch-resistant, lightfast and fade-resistant, alkaliresistant, alcohol-proof, and more.
FLUORESCENT INK
Fluorescent ink leverages ultraviolet wavelengths other inks can’t reflect. The ink’s semi-transparency permits overprinting to achieve color mixture. Fluorescent pink is often used as a fifth color to enhance skin tones and to extend magenta hues in 4-color process printing.
SINGLE Four panel
TRI Six panel
06
FOLDING AND SCORING
GATE Eight panel
ACCORDION Six panel
ROLL
Eight panel
TRI
Eight panel
Letterpress Score
Common methods are rule and counter, and channel creasing matrix. A hot score may help on tough jobs. Light pressure letterpress scoring is generally preferred.
Scoring
Press Scant
Scores the sheet on press. Metal rules set into a blanket on a cylinder press the scoring rule into the sheet as it passes.
One of various methods to pre-crease Wet Score uncoated sheets, wet scoring applies a thin a tine on paper for For stream of water along the folding line to soften the a crisp, accurate paper fibers, producing a clean fold. fold. Major scoring Folding Uses a tool or mechanical pressure to produce techniques include: a sharp, defined fold. Understanding folding is essential to bindery planning. Mis-measurement can result in costly reprints. Expect a tolerance of 1/32” per fold, depending on the stock’s weight,’ caliper and fold placement.
CHAIN DIRECTION The alignment of fibers in relation to the direction of flow in papermaking. Paper grain is the most critical consideration when scoring and folding. far best results, score and fold with the grain of the paper to allow the paper fibers to stretch or separate without breaking. Grain-long papers have fibers parallel to the length of the sheet, while grain-short fibers follow the width.
Case Bound
The most common binding for hardcover books featuring pages, arranged in signatures and sewn together. Cloth, vinyl, or feather covers are then attached.
Plastic Comb (Or Comb
Binding)
An inexpensive technique where holes punched along the binding edge of stacked papers then a comb-like plastic strip is inserted through holes.
BINERY OPTIONS
07
Perfect
Adhesive is applied to one edge of text sheets ‘• to Saddle Wire Stitched (Or which a wraparound cover Saddle Stitched} is applied. Economical due An inexpensive bindery to automation, however, method in which wire staples are inserted through the perfect bound books. will backbone. Best use for pieces that are less then 1/8” thick, not lay flat. Spiral Wire (Or Coil Binding) This binding is done by using a spiral of continuous wire or plastic looped or wound through holes.
Wire-0®
A trademark owned by James Bums International. Wire-0 is a form of double wire binding.
Alternative Bindery Options
Bead chains, Brads. Eyelets, Jump rings. Paper clips, RollaBind®, Safety Pins, Screws, Snaps.
The Printed Dot The dot is the building block of all offset printing. The dot is also the primary element in halftones.
Dot Clarity
Coated papers keep the tiny dots of ink on the surface. This is called ink hold-out. Additional advantages of coated paper include sharper definition when using finer line screens, improved paper density, greater color fidelity and higher opacity.
Linescreen
The number of dots per inch in a halftone. Linescreens of 60 to 100 lines per inch are used in newspaper. Screens of 120 to 150 lines per inch are used for magazines and commercial printing. 150 to 500 lines per inch screens are used for high quality color printing. the name “line screen” comes from the original halftone process in which a “screen”was made up of inked lines on two sheets of optically flat glass cemented together at right angles. The lines were the same width as the spaces. This glass screen process has become oblsolete; most halftones are now produced electronically or with contact sheets
08 The DOT
Dot Gain
Dot growth during the printing process causes darkening of muddying of tones and reduced contrast in a halftone image. Separators compensate for this by reducing the size of dots when preparing film using compensation rations defined for the press and process to be used. Mechanical dot gain – the physical dilation that occurs after ink has been applied – is affected by film, plate, press process, paper type and choice of ink. Dot gain may also be an optical illusion. Optical dot gain is quantifiable and must be accounted for when measuring gain.
Halftone(Or H a l f t o n e Screen)
A pattern of irregular dots used to create an image of varying tones; or a pattern of standardized dots applied in a particular color; when outputting to film for the printing process. Halftones printed using two screens, two plates and two inks are called duotones. Halftones printed using